1
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Katano W, Mori S, Sasaki S, Tajika Y, Tomita K, Takeuchi JK, Koshiba-Takeuchi K. Sall1 and Sall4 cooperatively interact with Myocd and SRF to promote cardiomyocyte proliferation by regulating CDK and cyclin genes. Development 2023; 150:dev201913. [PMID: 38014633 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Sall1 and Sall4 (Sall1/4), zinc-finger transcription factors, are expressed in the progenitors of the second heart field (SHF) and in cardiomyocytes during the early stages of mouse development. To understand the function of Sall1/4 in heart development, we generated heart-specific Sall1/4 functionally inhibited mice by forced expression of the truncated form of Sall4 (ΔSall4) in the heart. The ΔSall4-overexpression mice exhibited a hypoplastic right ventricle and outflow tract, both of which were derived from the SHF, and a thinner ventricular wall. We found that the numbers of proliferative SHF progenitors and cardiomyocytes were reduced in ΔSall4-overexpression mice. RNA-sequencing data showed that Sall1/4 act upstream of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and cyclin genes, and of key transcription factor genes for the development of compact cardiomyocytes, including myocardin (Myocd) and serum response factor (Srf). In addition, ChIP-sequencing and co-immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that Sall4 and Myocd form a transcriptional complex with SRF, and directly bind to the upstream regulatory regions of the CDK and cyclin genes (Cdk1 and Ccnb1). These results suggest that Sall1/4 are critical for the proliferation of cardiac cells via regulation of CDK and cyclin genes that interact with Myocd and SRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Katano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Shunta Mori
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Shun Sasaki
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
| | - Yuki Tajika
- Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
- Department of Radiological Technology, Gunma Prefectural College of Health Sciences, 323-1, Kamioki-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0052, Japan
| | - Koichi Tomita
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University, 3-18-15, Kuramoto-cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Jun K Takeuchi
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Toyo University, 1-1-1, Izumino, Itakura-machi, Ora-gun, Gunma 374-0193, Japan
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2
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Mizukami K, Higashiyama H, Arima Y, Ando K, Okada N, Kose K, Yamada S, Takeuchi JK, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Fukuhara S, Miyagawa-Tomita S, Kurihara H. Coronary artery established through amniote evolution. eLife 2023; 12:e83005. [PMID: 37605519 PMCID: PMC10444023 DOI: 10.7554/elife.83005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Coronary arteries are a critical part of the vascular system and provide nourishment to the heart. In humans, even minor defects in coronary arteries can be lethal, emphasizing their importance for survival. However, some teleosts survive without coronary arteries, suggesting that there may have been some evolutionary changes in the morphology and function of coronary arteries in the tetrapod lineage. Here, we propose that the true ventricular coronary arteries were newly established during amniote evolution through remodeling of the ancestral coronary vasculature. In mouse (Mus musculus) and Japanese quail (Coturnix japonica) embryos, the coronary arteries unique to amniotes are established by the reconstitution of transient vascular plexuses: aortic subepicardial vessels (ASVs) in the outflow tract and the primitive coronary plexus on the ventricle. In contrast, amphibians (Hyla japonica, Lithobates catesbeianus, Xenopus laevis, and Cynops pyrrhogaster) retain the ASV-like vasculature as truncal coronary arteries throughout their lives and have no primitive coronary plexus. The anatomy and development of zebrafish (Danio rerio) and chondrichthyans suggest that their hypobranchial arteries are ASV-like structures serving as the root of the coronary vasculature throughout their lives. Thus, the ventricular coronary artery of adult amniotes is a novel structure that has acquired a new remodeling process, while the ASVs, which occur transiently during embryonic development, are remnants of the ancestral coronary vessels. This evolutionary change may be related to the modification of branchial arteries, indicating considerable morphological changes underlying the physiological transition during amniote evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Mizukami
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroki Higashiyama
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Yuichiro Arima
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Developmental Cardiology Laboratory, International Research Center for Medical Science, Kumamoto UniversityKumamotoJapan
| | - Koji Ando
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | | | - Katsumi Kose
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan
| | - Shigehito Yamada
- Congenital Anomaly Research Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of MedicineKyotoJapan
| | - Jun K Takeuchi
- Molecular Craniofacial Embryology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental UniversityTokyoJapan
| | | | - Shigetomo Fukuhara
- Department of Molecular Pathophysiology, Institute of Advanced Medical Sciences, Nippon Medical SchoolTokyoJapan
| | - Sachiko Miyagawa-Tomita
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
- Heart Center, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
- Department of Animal Nursing Science, Yamazaki University of Animal Health TechnologyTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroki Kurihara
- Department of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of TokyoTokyoJapan
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3
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Sutrisno AA, Katano W, Kawamura H, Tajika Y, Koshiba-Takeuchi K. Combined method of whole mount and block-face imaging: Acquisition of 3D data of gene expression pattern from conventional in situ hybridization. Dev Growth Differ 2023; 65:56-64. [PMID: 36450660 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Visualization of spatiotemporal expression of a gene of interest is a fundamental technique for analyzing the involvements of genes in organ development. In situ hybridization (ISH) is one of the most popular methods for visualizing gene expression. When conventional ISH is performed on sections or whole-mount specimens, the gene expression pattern is represented in 2-dimensional (2D) microscopic images or in the surface view of the specimen. To obtain 3-dimensional (3D) data of gene expression from conventional ISH, the "serial section method" has traditionally been employed. However, this method requires an extensive amount of time and labor because it requires researchers to collect a tremendous number of sections, label all sections by ISH, and image them before 3D reconstruction. Here, we proposed a rapid and low-cost 3D imaging method that can create 3D gene expression patterns from conventional ISH-labeled specimens. Our method consists of a combination of whole-mount ISH and Correlative Microscopy and Blockface imaging (CoMBI). The whole-mount ISH-labeled specimens were sliced using a microtome or cryostat, and all block-faces were imaged and used to reconstruct 3D images by CoMBI. The 3D data acquired using our method showed sufficient quality to analyze the morphology and gene expression patterns in the developing mouse heart. In addition, 2D microscopic images of the sections can be obtained when needed. Correlating 2D microscopic images and 3D data can help annotate gene expression patterns and understand the anatomy of developing organs. These results indicated that our method can be useful in the field of developmental biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wataru Katano
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hayata Kawamura
- Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuki Tajika
- Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Gunma, Japan
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4
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Hori Y, Tanimoto Y, Takahashi S, Furukawa T, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Takeuchi JK. Important cardiac transcription factor genes are accompanied by bidirectional long non-coding RNAs. BMC Genomics 2018; 19:967. [PMID: 30587117 PMCID: PMC6307297 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-018-5233-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Heart development is a relatively fragile process in which many transcription factor genes show dose-sensitive characteristics such as haploinsufficiency and lower penetrance. Despite efforts to unravel the genetic mechanism for overcoming the fragility under normal conditions, our understanding still remains in its infancy. Recent studies on the regulatory mechanisms governing gene expression in mammals have revealed that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important modulators at the transcriptional and translational levels. Based on the hypothesis that lncRNAs also play important roles in mouse heart development, we attempted to comprehensively identify lncRNAs by comparing the embryonic and adult mouse heart and brain. Results We have identified spliced lncRNAs that are expressed during development and found that lncRNAs that are expressed in the heart but not in the brain are located close to genes that are important for heart development. Furthermore, we found that many important cardiac transcription factor genes are located in close proximity to lncRNAs. Importantly, many of the lncRNAs are divergently transcribed from the promoter of these genes. Since the lncRNA divergently transcribed from Tbx5 is highly evolutionarily conserved, we focused on and analyzed the transcript. We found that this lncRNA exhibits a different expression pattern than that of Tbx5, and knockdown of this lncRNA leads to embryonic lethality. Conclusion These results suggest that spliced lncRNAs, particularly bidirectional lncRNAs, are essential regulators of mouse heart development, potentially through the regulation of neighboring transcription factor genes. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-5233-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Hori
- Laboratory of Cell Growth and Differentiation, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, the University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Tanimoto
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoru Takahashi
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.,Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Furukawa
- Division of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences, Toyo University, Itakura, Gunma, Japan
| | - Jun K Takeuchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, the University of Tokyo, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,Division of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
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5
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Katano W, Moriyama Y, Takeuchi JK, Koshiba-Takeuchi K. Cardiac septation in heart development and evolution. Dev Growth Differ 2018; 61:114-123. [PMID: 30549006 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The heart is one of the vital organs and is functionalized for blood circulation from its early development. Some vertebrates have altered their living environment from aquatic to terrestrial life over the course of evolution and obtained circulatory systems well adapted to their lifestyles. The morphology of the heart has been changed together with the acquisition of a sophisticated respiratory organ, the lung. Adaptation to a terrestrial environment requires the coordination of heart and lung development due to the intake of oxygen from the air and the production of the large amount of energy needed for terrestrial life. Therefore, vertebrates developed pulmonary circulation and a septated heart (four-chambered heart) with venous and arterial blood completely separated. In this review, we summarize how vertebrates change the structures and functions of their circulatory systems according to environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wataru Katano
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Toyo University, Ora-gun, Japan
| | - Yuuta Moriyama
- Department of Life Science and Technology, School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Jun K Takeuchi
- Department of Bio-informational Pharmacology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Faculty of Life Sciences, Department of Applied Biosciences, Toyo University, Ora-gun, Japan
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6
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Moriyama Y, Koshiba-Takeuchi K. Significance of whole-genome duplications on the emergence of evolutionary novelties. Brief Funct Genomics 2018; 17:329-338. [DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/ely007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuuta Moriyama
- Institute of Science and Technology Austria (IST), Klosterneuburg, Austria
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7
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Moriyama Y, Koshiba-Takeuchi K. [Evolution and development of heart morphology and coronary circulation in vertebrates]. Nihon Rinsho 2016; 74 Suppl 4 Pt 1:35-42. [PMID: 27534143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
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8
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Nakamura R, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Tsuchiya M, Kojima M, Miyazawa A, Ito K, Ogawa H, Takeuchi JK. Expression analysis of Baf60c during heart regeneration in axolotls and neonatal mice. Dev Growth Differ 2016; 58:367-82. [PMID: 27125315 DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Some organisms, such as zebrafish, urodele amphibians, and newborn mice, have a capacity for heart regeneration following injury. However, adult mammals fail to regenerate their hearts. To know why newborn mice can regenerate their hearts, we focused on epigenetic factors, which are involved in cell differentiation in many tissues. Baf60c (BRG1/BRM-associated factor 60c), a component of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes, has an essential role for cardiomyocyte differentiation at the early heart development. To address the function of Baf60c in postnatal heart homeostasis and regeneration, we examined the detailed expression/localization patterns of Baf60c in both mice and axolotls. In the mouse heart development, Baf60c was highly expressed in the entire heart at the early stages, but gradually downregulated at the postnatal stages. During heart regeneration in neonatal mice and axolotls, Baf60c expression was strongly upregulated after resection. Interestingly, the timing of Baf60c upregulation after resection was consistent with the temporal dynamics of cardiomyocyte proliferation. Moreover, knockdown of Baf60c downregulated proliferation of neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes. These data suggested that Baf60c plays an important role in cardiomyocyte proliferation in heart development and regeneration. This is the first study indicating that Baf60c contributes to the heart regeneration in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nakamura
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Megumi Tsuchiya
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mizuyo Kojima
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Asuka Miyazawa
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Kohei Ito
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
| | - Hidesato Ogawa
- Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 1-3 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.,Advanced ICT Research Institute Kobe, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, Kobe, 651-2492, Japan
| | - Jun K Takeuchi
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan
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9
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Morita Y, Andersen P, Hotta A, Tsukahara Y, Sasagawa N, Hayashida N, Koga C, Nishikawa M, Saga Y, Evans SM, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Nishinakamura R, Yoshida Y, Kwon C, Takeuchi JK. Sall1 transiently marks undifferentiated heart precursors and regulates their fate. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 92:158-62. [PMID: 26876450 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) are a crucial source of cells in cardiac development and regeneration. However, reported CPCs are heterogeneous, and no gene has been identified to transiently mark undifferentiated CPCs throughout heart development. Here we show that Spalt-like gene 1 (Sall1), a zing-finger transcription factor, is expressed in undifferentiated CPCs giving rise to both left and right ventricles. Sall1 was transiently expressed in precardiac mesoderm contributing to the first heart field (left ventricle precursors) but not in the field itself. Similarly, Sall1 expression was maintained in the second heart field (outflow tract/right ventricle precursors) but not in cardiac cells. In vitro, high levels of Sall1 at mesodermal stages enhanced cardiomyogenesis, whereas its continued expression suppressed cardiac differentiation. Our study demonstrates that Sall1 marks CPCs in an undifferentiated state and regulates cardiac differentiation. These findings provide fundamental insights into CPC maintenance, which can be instrumental for CPC-based regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuika Morita
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Peter Andersen
- Division of Cardiology, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Akitsu Hotta
- Department of Reprogramming Science, Centre for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; AMED, Research Center Network for Realization of Regenerative Medicine, Projects for Technological Development, Japan; JST PESTO, Understanding Life by iPS Cells Technology, Sanbancho building, Sanbancho 5, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan
| | - Yuko Tsukahara
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Noriko Sasagawa
- Department of Reprogramming Science, Centre for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Naoko Hayashida
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Chizuko Koga
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Misato Nishikawa
- Department of Reprogramming Science, Centre for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Yumiko Saga
- Mammalian Development Laboratory, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Sylvia M Evans
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, USA
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Nishinakamura
- Department of Kidney Development, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Yoshida
- Department of Reprogramming Science, Centre for iPS Cell Research and Application, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan; AMED, Research Center Network for Realization of Regenerative Medicine, Projects for Technological Development, Japan
| | - Chulan Kwon
- Division of Cardiology, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, USA
| | - Jun K Takeuchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; AMED, Research Center Network for Realization of Regenerative Medicine, Projects for Technological Development, Japan; JST PESTO, Understanding Life by iPS Cells Technology, Sanbancho building, Sanbancho 5, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0075, Japan.
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10
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Moriyama Y, Ito F, Takeda H, Yano T, Okabe M, Kuraku S, Keeley FW, Koshiba-Takeuchi K. Evolution of the fish heart by sub/neofunctionalization of an elastin gene. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10397. [PMID: 26783159 PMCID: PMC4735684 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The evolution of phenotypic traits is a key process in diversification of life. However, the mechanisms underlying the emergence of such evolutionary novelties are largely unknown. Here we address the origin of bulbus arteriosus (BA), an organ of evolutionary novelty seen in the teleost heart outflow tract (OFT), which sophisticates their circulatory system. The BA is a unique organ that is composed of smooth muscle while the OFTs in other vertebrates are composed of cardiac muscle. Here we reveal that the teleost-specific extracellular matrix (ECM) gene, elastin b, was generated by the teleost-specific whole-genome duplication and neofunctionalized to contribute to acquisition of the BA by regulating cell fate determination of cardiac precursor cells into smooth muscle. Furthermore, we show that the mechanotransducer yap is involved in this cell fate determination. Our findings reveal a mechanism of generating evolutionary novelty through alteration of cell fate determination by the ECM. The bulbus arteriosus is an organ unique to the heart of teleosts, composed of specialized smooth muscle. Here, the authors show that the gene elastin b, which regulates cell fate of cardiac precursor cells into smooth muscle, evolved after whole-genome duplication and neofunctionalization in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuuta Moriyama
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan
| | - Fumihiro Ito
- Division of Ecological Genetics, National Institute of Genetics, 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan.,Department of Genetics, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), 1111 Yata, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Takeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Tohru Yano
- Department of Anatomy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Masataka Okabe
- Department of Anatomy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-25-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Kuraku
- Phyloinformatics Unit, RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, 2-2-3 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Fred W Keeley
- Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Division of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.,Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8561, Japan
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11
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Takeuchi M, Higashino A, Takeuchi K, Hori Y, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Makino H, Monobe Y, Kishida M, Adachi J, Takeuchi J, Tomonaga T, Umezawa A, Kameoka Y, Akagi KI. Correction: Transcriptional Dynamics of Immortalized Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Transformation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0131383. [PMID: 26098643 PMCID: PMC4476831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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12
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Devine WP, Wythe JD, George M, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Bruneau BG. Early patterning and specification of cardiac progenitors in gastrulating mesoderm. eLife 2014; 3. [PMID: 25296024 PMCID: PMC4356145 DOI: 10.7554/elife.03848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian heart development requires precise allocation of cardiac progenitors. The existence of a multipotent progenitor for all anatomic and cellular components of the heart has been predicted but its identity and contribution to the two cardiac progenitor ‘fields’ has remained undefined. Here we show, using clonal genetic fate mapping, that Mesp1+ cells in gastrulating mesoderm are rapidly specified into committed cardiac precursors fated for distinct anatomic regions of the heart. We identify Smarcd3 as a marker of early specified cardiac precursors and identify within these precursors a compartment boundary at the future junction of the left and right ventricles that arises prior to morphogenesis. Our studies define the timing and hierarchy of cardiac progenitor specification and demonstrate that the cellular and anatomical fate of mesoderm-derived cardiac cells is specified very early. These findings will be important to understand the basis of congenital heart defects and to derive cardiac regeneration strategies. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03848.001 Most internal organs in the body are made up of several different kinds of cells. Understanding where these cells come from and how these different cells develop from a single cell in an embryo could help to guide regenerative therapies, where tissues grown in the laboratory are used to repair damage that the body cannot repair itself. The existence of a single heart progenitor cell that can produce all of the heart's structures has long been predicted, but has so far escaped discovery. Currently, it is known that two distinct sets of heart precursor cells exist in mammals, which each produce cells for different parts of the heart. Work performed in mouse embryos has hinted that both sets of cells develop from cells that produce a protein called Mesp1. This protein controls when many genes—including those involved in heart development—are activated. Devine et al. marked a small number of Mesp1-producing cells and followed the fate of these cells through development to see where their descendants would end up within the embryo—and specifically within the mature heart. Labeling occurred at a very early stage of development, called gastrulation, when the embryonic cells first begin to organize themselves into three tissue layers that will go on to form all the different parts of the organism. Devine et al. found that shortly after gastrulation begins, heart precursor cells are present and are already assigned to particular regions of the heart. This means that if there is a single pool of heart precursor cells, it specializes into different populations very early in the development of an embryo. Devine et al. show that during gastrulation, heart precursor cells are already split into two distinct populations: one containing the cells that go on to form the atria and left ventricle of the heart; the other consisting of the cells that will make up the right ventricle and the ‘outflow tract’ that will eventually form the great vessels leading into and out of the heart. These two populations are separated by a boundary, which Devine et al. suggest is established very early on, and will go on to form the septum that separates the left and right ventricles in the developed heart. As defects in the septum are the source of many congenital heart defects, a better understanding of the heart cell precursor populations and how they interact could help develop treatments for these conditions. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.03848.002
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Affiliation(s)
- W Patrick Devine
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, United States
| | - Joshua D Wythe
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, United States
| | - Matthew George
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, United States
| | | | - Benoit G Bruneau
- Gladstone Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, San Francisco, United States
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Abstract
Congenital heart malformations remain the leading cause of death related to birth defects. Recent advances in developmental and regenerative cardiology have shed light on a mechanistic understanding of heart development that is controlled by a transcriptional network of genetic and epigenetic factors. This article reviews the roles of chromatin remodelling factors important for cardiac development with the current knowledge of cardiac morphogenesis, regeneration, and direct cardiac differentiation. In the last 5 years, critical roles of epigenetic factors have been revealed in the cardiac research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Hendrick van Weerd
- Cardiovascular Regeneration, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Bruneau BG, Takeuchi JK. 09-P017 Molecular mechanism of chamber formation in the vertebrate hearts. Mech Dev 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2009.06.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Mori AD, Zhu Y, Vahora I, Nieman B, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Davidson L, Pizard A, Seidman J, Seidman CE, Chen XJ, Henkelman RM, Bruneau B. Corrigendum to “Tbx5-dependent rheostatic control of cardiac gene expression and morphogenesis” [Dev. Biol. 297 (2006) 566–586]. Dev Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2007.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Mori AD, Zhu Y, Vahora I, Nieman B, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Davidson L, Pizard A, Seidman JG, Seidman CE, Chen XJ, Henkelman RM, Bruneau BG. Tbx5-dependent rheostatic control of cardiac gene expression and morphogenesis. Dev Biol 2006; 297:566-86. [PMID: 16870172 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2006] [Revised: 05/08/2006] [Accepted: 05/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dominant mutations in the T-box transcription factor gene TBX5 cause Holt-Oram syndrome (HOS), an inherited human disease characterized by upper limb malformations and congenital heart defects (CHDs) of variable severity. We hypothesize that minor alterations in the dosage of Tbx5 directly influences severity of CHDs. Using a mouse allelic series, we show a sensitive inverse correlation between Tbx5 dosage and abnormal cardiac morphogenesis and gene expression. The CHDs found in mice harbouring a hypomorphic allele of Tbx5 (Tbx5(lox/+) mice) are less pronounced than those found in Tbx5 haploinsufficient mice (Tbx5(del/+)), and homozygous hypomorphic (Tbx5(lox/lox)) embryos have noticeably more advanced cardiac development than Tbx5 null (Tbx5(del/del)) embryos. Examination of target gene expression across the allelic series uncovers very fine sensitivity across the range of Tbx5 dosages, in which some genes respond dramatically differently to only 15% differences in Tbx5 mRNA levels. This analysis was expanded to a genome-wide level, which uncovered a Tbx5 dosage-sensitive genetic program involving a network of cardiac transcription factors, developmentally important cell-cell signaling molecules, and ion channel proteins. These results indicate an exquisite sensitivity of the developing heart to Tbx5 dosage and provide significant insight into the transcriptional and cellular mechanisms that are disrupted in CHDs.
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Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Takeuchi JK, Arruda EP, Kathiriya IS, Mo R, Hui CC, Srivastava D, Bruneau BG. Cooperative and antagonistic interactions between Sall4 and Tbx5 pattern the mouse limb and heart. Nat Genet 2005; 38:175-83. [PMID: 16380715 DOI: 10.1038/ng1707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2005] [Accepted: 11/10/2005] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Human mutations in TBX5, a gene encoding a T-box transcription factor, and SALL4, a gene encoding a zinc-finger transcription factor, cause similar upper limb and heart defects. Here we show that Tbx5 regulates Sall4 expression in the developing mouse forelimb and heart; mice heterozygous for a gene trap allele of Sall4 show limb and heart defects that model human disease. Tbx5 and Sall4 interact both positively and negatively to finely regulate patterning and morphogenesis of the anterior forelimb and heart. Thus, a positive and negative feed-forward circuit between Tbx5 and Sall4 ensures precise patterning of embryonic limb and heart and provides a unifying mechanism for heart/hand syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuko Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Programs in Cardiovascular Research, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8, Canada
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Takeuchi JK, Mileikovskaia M, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Heidt AB, Mori AD, Arruda EP, Gertsenstein M, Georges R, Davidson L, Mo R, Hui CC, Henkelman RM, Nemer M, Black BL, Nagy A, Bruneau BG. Tbx20 dose-dependently regulates transcription factor networks required for mouse heart and motoneuron development. Development 2005; 132:2463-74. [PMID: 15843409 DOI: 10.1242/dev.01827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To elucidate the function of the T-box transcription factor Tbx20 in mammalian development, we generated a graded loss-of-function series by transgenic RNA interference in entirely embryonic stem cell-derived mouse embryos. Complete Tbx20 knockdown resulted in defects in heart formation, including hypoplasia of the outflow tract and right ventricle, which derive from the anterior heart field (AHF), and decreased expression of Nkx2-5 and Mef2c, transcription factors required for AHF formation. A mild knockdown led to persistent truncus arteriosus (unseptated outflow tract) and hypoplastic right ventricle, entities similar to human congenital heart defects, and demonstrated a critical requirement for Tbx20 in valve formation. Finally, an intermediate knockdown revealed a role for Tbx20 in motoneuron development, specifically in the regulation of the transcription factors Isl2 and Hb9, which are important for terminal differentiation of motoneurons. Tbx20 could activate promoters/enhancers of several genes in cultured cells, including the Mef2c AHF enhancer and the Nkx2-5 cardiac enhancer. The Mef2c AHF enhancer relies on Isl1- and Gata-binding sites. We identified a similar Isl1 binding site in the Nkx2-5 AHF enhancer, which in transgenic mouse embryos was essential for activity in a large part of the heart, including the outflow tract. Tbx20 synergized with Isl1 and Gata4 to activate both the Mef2c and Nkx2-5 enhancers, thus providing a unifying mechanism for gene activation by Tbx20 in the AHF. We conclude that Tbx20 is positioned at a critical node in transcription factor networks required for heart and motoneuron development where it dose-dependently regulates gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun K Takeuchi
- Cardiovascular Research, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X8, Canada
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Oka C, Tsujimoto R, Kajikawa M, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Ina J, Yano M, Tsuchiya A, Ueta Y, Soma A, Kanda H, Matsumoto M, Kawaichi M. HtrA1 serine protease inhibits signaling mediated by Tgfβ family proteins. Development 2004; 131:1041-53. [PMID: 14973287 DOI: 10.1242/dev.00999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 243] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
HtrA1, a member of the mammalian HtrA serine protease family, has a highly conserved protease domain followed by a PDZ domain. Because HtrA1 is a secretory protein and has another functional domain with homology to follistatin, we examined whether HtrA1 functions as an antagonist of Tgfβfamily proteins. During embryo development, mouse HtrA1 was expressed in specific areas where signaling by Tgfβ family proteins plays important regulatory roles. The GST-pulldown assay showed that HtrA1 binds to a broad range of Tgfβ family proteins, including Bmp4, Gdf5, Tgfβs and activin. HtrA1 inhibited signaling by Bmp4, Bmp2, and Tgfβ1 in C2C12 cells, presumably by preventing receptor activation. Experiments using a series of deletion mutants indicated that the binding activity of HtrA1 required the protease domain and a small linker region preceding it, and that inhibition of Tgfβ signaling is dependent on the proteolytic activity of HtrA1. Misexpression of HtrA1 near the developing chick eye led to suppression of eye development that was indistinguishable from the effects of noggin. Taken together, these data indicate that HtrA1 protease is a novel inhibitor of Tgfβ family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chio Oka
- Division of Gene Function in Animals, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
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Kamimura M, Matsumoto K, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Ogura T. Vertebratecrossveinless 2 is secreted and acts as an extracellular modulator of the BMP signaling cascade. Dev Dyn 2004; 230:434-45. [PMID: 15188429 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.20069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In vertebrates and invertebrates, BMP/Dpp (Bone Morphogenetic Protein/Decapentaplegic) signaling regulates the orchestrated processes of embryogenesis. Recent studies have revealed that BMP/Dpp signaling is controlled extracellularly as well as intracellularly. One extracellular regulatory molecule is the Chordin/Short gastrulation protein (Chordin/Sog), a secreted protein that acts as an antagonist to BMP/Dpp. Chordin/Sog contains four cysteine-rich (CR) domains that bind to and inactivate BMP/Dpp. In contrast, a positive regulator has been identified in Drosophila. Named crossveinless 2 (cv-2), this molecule contains five CR domains at the N-terminal half and a von Willebrand factor D domain at the C-terminal part. Genetic data suggest that Cv-2 potentiates Dpp signaling. We isolated chick and mouse CV-2 genes and found that CV-2 is secreted and enhances BMP signaling. Expression patterns were closely related to those of BMPs, supporting the likelihood of a tight link. Our data show for the first time that CV-2 is a conserved, positive regulator of BMP signaling and that CR domain proteins act as both positive and negative modulators of BMP signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mika Kamimura
- Institute of Development, Aging, and Cancer, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Abstract
Despite extensive studies on the anterior-posterior (AP) axis formation of limb buds, mechanisms that specify digit identities along the AP axis remain obscure. Using the four-digit chick leg as a model, we report here that Tbx2 and Tbx3 specify the digit identities of digits IV and III, respectively. Misexpression of Tbx2 and Tbx3 induced posterior homeotic transformation of digit III to digit IV and digit II to digit III, respectively. Conversely, misexpression of their mutants VP16 Delta Tbx2 and VP16 Delta Tbx3 induced anterior transformation. In both cases, alterations in the expression of several markers (e.g., BMP2, Shh, and HoxD genes) were observed. In addition, Tbx2 and Tbx3 rescued Noggin-mediated inhibition of interdigital BMP signaling, signaling which is pivotal in establishing digit identities. Hence, we conclude that Tbx3 specifies digit III, and the combination of Tbx2 and Tbx3 specifies digit IV, acting together with the interdigital BMP signaling cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Suzuki
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5 Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0101, Japan
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Takeuchi JK, Ohgi M, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Shiratori H, Sakaki I, Ogura K, Saijoh Y, Ogura T. Tbx5 specifies the left/right ventricles and ventricular septum position during cardiogenesis. Development 2003; 130:5953-64. [PMID: 14573514 DOI: 10.1242/dev.00797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Extensive misexpression studies were carried out to explore the roles played by Tbx5, the expression of which is excluded from the right ventricle (RV) during cardiogenesis. When Tbx5 was misexpressed ubiquitously, ventricular septum was not formed, resulting in a single ventricle. In such heart, left ventricle (LV)-specific ANF gene was induced. In search of the putative RV factor(s), we have found that chick Tbx20 is expressed in the RV, showing a complementary fashion to Tbx5. In the Tbx5-misexpressed heart, this gene was repressed. When misexpression was spatially partial, leaving small Tbx5-negative area in the right ventricle, ventricular septum was shifted rightwards, resulting in a small RV with an enlarged LV. Focal expression induced an ectopic boundary of Tbx5-positive and -negative regions in the right ventricle, at which an additional septum was formed. Similar results were obtained from the transient transgenic mice. In such hearts, expression patterns of dHAND and eHAND were changed with definitive cardiac abnormalities. Furthermore, we report that human ANF promoter is synergistically activated by Tbx5, Nkx2.5 and GATA4. This activation was abrogated by Tbx20, implicating the pivotal roles of interactions among these heart-specific factors. Taken together, our data indicate that Tbx5 specifies the identity of LV through tight interactions among several heart-specific factors, and highlight the essential roles of Tbx5 in cardiac development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun K Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
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Takeuchi JK, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Suzuki T, Kamimura M, Ogura K, Ogura T. Tbx5 and Tbx4 trigger limb initiation through activation of the Wnt/Fgf signaling cascade. Development 2003; 130:2729-39. [PMID: 12736216 DOI: 10.1242/dev.00474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A tight loop between members of the fibroblast growth factor and the Wnt families plays a key role in the initiation of vertebrate limb development. We show for the first time that Tbx5 and Tbx4 are directly involved in this process. When dominant-negative forms of these Tbx genes were misexpressed in the chick prospective limb fields, a limbless phenotype arose with repression of both Wnt and Fgf genes By contrast, when Tbx5 and Tbx4 were misexpressed in the flank, an additional wing-like and an additional leg-like limbs were induced, respectively. This additional limb formation was accompanied by the induction of both Wnt and Fgf genes These results highlight the pivotal roles of Tbx5 and Tbx4 during limb initiation, specification of forelimb/hindlimb and evolution of tetrapod limbs, placing Tbx genes at the center of a highly conserved genetic program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun K Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara 630-0101, Japan
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Meno C, Takeuchi J, Sakuma R, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Ohishi S, Saijoh Y, Miyazaki J, ten Dijke P, Ogura T, Hamada H. Diffusion of nodal signaling activity in the absence of the feedback inhibitor Lefty2. Dev Cell 2001; 1:127-38. [PMID: 11703930 DOI: 10.1016/s1534-5807(01)00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of Lefty2 in left-right patterning was investigated by analysis of mutant mice that lack asymmetric expression of lefty2. These animals exhibited various situs defects including left isomerism. The asymmetric expression of nodal was prolonged and the expression of Pitx2 was upregulated in the mutant embryos. The absence of Lefty2 conferred on Nodal the ability to diffuse over a long distance. Thus, Nodal-responsive genes, including Pitx2, that are normally expressed on the left side were expressed bilaterally in the mutant embryos, even though nodal expression was confined to the left side. These results suggest that Nodal is a long-range signaling molecule but that its range of action is normally limited by the feedback inhibitor Lefty2.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Meno
- Division of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology, Osaka University, Japan
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Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Takeuchi JK, Matsumoto K, Momose T, Uno K, Hoepker V, Ogura K, Takahashi N, Nakamura H, Yasuda K, Ogura T. Tbx5 and the retinotectum projection. Science 2000; 287:134-7. [PMID: 10615048 DOI: 10.1126/science.287.5450.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 201] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Dorsal and ventral aspects of the eye are distinct from the early stages of development. The developing eye cup grows dorsally, and the choroidal fissure is formed on its ventral side. Retinal axons from the dorsal and ventral retina project to the ventral and dorsal tectum, respectively. Misexpression of the Tbx5 gene induced dorsalization of the ventral side of the eye and altered projections of retinal ganglion cell axons. Thus, Tbx5 is involved in eye morphogenesis and is a topographic determinant of the visual projections between retina and tectum.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Koshiba-Takeuchi
- Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, 8916-5, Takayama, Ikoma, Nara, Japan 630-0101
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Takeuchi JK, Koshiba-Takeuchi K, Matsumoto K, Vogel-Höpker A, Naitoh-Matsuo M, Ogura K, Takahashi N, Yasuda K, Ogura T. Tbx5 and Tbx4 genes determine the wing/leg identity of limb buds. Nature 1999; 398:810-4. [PMID: 10235263 DOI: 10.1038/19762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Much progress has been made in understanding limb development. Most genes are expressed equally and in the same pattern in the fore- and hindlimbs, which nevertheless develop into distinct structures. The T-box genes Tbx5 and Tbx4, on the other hand, are expressed differently in chick wing (Tbx5) and leg (Tbx4) buds. Molecular analysis of the optomotor blind gene, which belongs to the same family of transcription factors, has revealed that this gene is involved in the transdetermination of Drosophila wing and leg imaginal discs. In addition, expression of Tbx5 and Tbx4 correlates well with the identity of ectopic limb buds induced by fibroblast growth factor. Thus, it is thought that Tbx5 and Tbx4 might be involved in determining limb identity. Another candidate is the Pitx1 gene, which encodes a bicoid-type homeodomain transcription factor that is expressed in leg buds. Here we determine the importance of these factors in establishing limb identity.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Takeuchi
- Nara Institute of Science and Technology Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Ikoma, Japan
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