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Bassot A, Chen J, Takahashi-Yamashiro K, Yap MC, Gibhardt CS, Le GNT, Hario S, Nasu Y, Moore J, Gutiérrez T, Mina L, Mast H, Moses A, Bhat R, Ballanyi K, Lemieux H, Sitia R, Zito E, Bogeski I, Campbell RE, Simmen T. The endoplasmic reticulum kinase PERK interacts with the oxidoreductase ERO1 to metabolically adapt mitochondria. Cell Rep 2023; 42:111899. [PMID: 36586409 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis requires molecular regulators that tailor mitochondrial bioenergetics to the needs of protein folding. For instance, calnexin maintains mitochondria metabolism and mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs) through reactive oxygen species (ROS) from NADPH oxidase 4 (NOX4). However, induction of ER stress requires a quick molecular rewiring of mitochondria to adapt to new energy needs. This machinery is not characterized. We now show that the oxidoreductase ERO1⍺ covalently interacts with protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK) upon treatment with tunicamycin. The PERK-ERO1⍺ interaction requires the C-terminal active site of ERO1⍺ and cysteine 216 of PERK. Moreover, we show that the PERK-ERO1⍺ complex promotes oxidization of MERC proteins and controls mitochondrial dynamics. Using proteinaceous probes, we determined that these functions improve ER-mitochondria Ca2+ flux to maintain bioenergetics in both organelles, while limiting oxidative stress. Therefore, the PERK-ERO1⍺ complex is a key molecular machinery that allows quick metabolic adaptation to ER stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Bassot
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Junsheng Chen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | | | - Megan C Yap
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Christine Silvia Gibhardt
- Molecular Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Giang N T Le
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Saaya Hario
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Yusuke Nasu
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Jack Moore
- Alberta Proteomics and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of Alberta, 4096 Katz Research Building, Edmonton AB T6G2E1, Canada
| | - Tomas Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Lucas Mina
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Heather Mast
- Faculty Saint-Jean, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Audric Moses
- Department of Pediatrics, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Rakesh Bhat
- Precision Biolaboratories, St. Albert, AB T8N 5A7, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Hélène Lemieux
- Faculty Saint-Jean, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Roberto Sitia
- Division of Genetics and Cell Biology, Università Vita-Salute IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Ester Zito
- Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, 20156 Milano, Italy; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino Carlo Bo, 61029 Urbino PU, Italy
| | - Ivan Bogeski
- Molecular Physiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology, University Medical Center, Georg-August-University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada; Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Samtleben S, Mina L, Yap MC, Branton WG, Yousuf MS, Tenorio G, Ballanyi K, Giuliani F, Kerr BJ, Power C, Simmen T. Astrocytes show increased levels of Ero1α in multiple sclerosis and its experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis animal model. Eur J Neurosci 2022; 56:5177-5190. [PMID: 36083288 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.15817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal models are characterized by cellular inflammation within the central nervous system (CNS). The sources and consequences of this inflammation are currently not completely understood. Critical signs and mediators of CNS inflammation are reactive oxygen species (ROS) that promote inflammation. ROS originate from a variety of redox-reactive enzymes, one class of which catalyses oxidative protein folding within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Here, the unfolded protein response and other signalling mechanisms maintain a balance between ROS producers such as ER oxidoreductin 1α (Ero1α) and antioxidants such as glutathione peroxidase 8 (GPx8). The role of ROS production within the ER has so far not been examined in the context of MS. In this manuscript, we examined how components of the ER redox network change upon MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). We found that unlike GPx8, Ero1α increases within both MS and EAE astrocytes, in parallel with an imbalance of other oxidases such of GPx7, and that no change was observed within neurons. This imbalance of ER redox enzymes can reduce the lifespan of astrocytes, while neurons are not affected. Therefore, Ero1α induction makes astrocytes vulnerable to oxidative stress in the MS and EAE pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Samtleben
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Lucas Mina
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Megan C Yap
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - William G Branton
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Muhammad Saad Yousuf
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,UTD Pain Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Gustavo Tenorio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Fabrizio Giuliani
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bradley J Kerr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christopher Power
- Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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3
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Wu SY, Wen Y, Serre NBC, Laursen CCH, Dietz AG, Taylor BR, Drobizhev M, Molina RS, Aggarwal A, Rancic V, Becker M, Ballanyi K, Podgorski K, Hirase H, Nedergaard M, Fendrych M, Lemieux MJ, Eberl DF, Kay AR, Campbell RE, Shen Y. A sensitive and specific genetically-encoded potassium ion biosensor for in vivo applications across the tree of life. PLoS Biol 2022; 20:e3001772. [PMID: 36067248 PMCID: PMC9481166 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium ion (K+) plays a critical role as an essential electrolyte in all biological systems. Genetically-encoded fluorescent K+ biosensors are promising tools to further improve our understanding of K+-dependent processes under normal and pathological conditions. Here, we report the crystal structure of a previously reported genetically-encoded fluorescent K+ biosensor, GINKO1, in the K+-bound state. Using structure-guided optimization and directed evolution, we have engineered an improved K+ biosensor, designated GINKO2, with higher sensitivity and specificity. We have demonstrated the utility of GINKO2 for in vivo detection and imaging of K+ dynamics in multiple model organisms, including bacteria, plants, and mice. Potassium ions play a critical role as an essential electrolyte in all biological systems. This study describes high performance genetically encoded potassium ion sensors to enable in vivo measurement of potassium ion concentrations across multiple model organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Yurong Wen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Center for Microbiome Research of Med-X Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nelson B. C. Serre
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Andrea Grostøl Dietz
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Brian R. Taylor
- Department of Physics, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Mikhail Drobizhev
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Rosana S. Molina
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana, United States of America
| | - Abhi Aggarwal
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Michael Becker
- GM/CA@APS, X-ray Science Division, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kaspar Podgorski
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Hajime Hirase
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maiken Nedergaard
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Matyáš Fendrych
- Department of Experimental Plant Biology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M. Joanne Lemieux
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Daniel F. Eberl
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Alan R. Kay
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail: (REC); (YS)
| | - Yi Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
- * E-mail: (REC); (YS)
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4
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Rawal B, Rancic V, Ballanyi K. NMDA Enhances and Glutamate Attenuates Synchrony of Spontaneous Phase-Locked Locus Coeruleus Network Rhythm in Newborn Rat Brain Slices. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12050651. [PMID: 35625039 PMCID: PMC9140167 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12050651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Locus coeruleus (LC) neurons are controlled by glutamatergic inputs. Here, we studied in brain slices of neonatal rats NMDA and glutamate effects on phase-locked LC neuron spiking at ~1 Hz summating to ~0.2 s-lasting bell-shaped local field potential (LFP). NMDA: 10 μM accelerated LFP 1.7-fold, whereas 25 and 50 μM, respectively, increased its rate 3.2- and 4.6-fold while merging discrete events into 43 and 56% shorter oscillations. After 4–6 min, LFP oscillations stopped every 6 s for 1 s, resulting in ‘oscillation trains’. A dose of 32 μM depolarized neurons by 8.4 mV to cause 7.2-fold accelerated spiking at reduced jitter and enhanced synchrony with the LFP, as evident from cross-correlation. Glutamate: 25–50 μM made rhythm more irregular and the LFP pattern could transform into 2.7-fold longer-lasting multipeak discharge. In 100 μM, LFP amplitude and duration declined. In 25–50 μM, neurons depolarized by 5 mV to cause 3.7-fold acceleration of spiking that was less synchronized with LFP. Both agents: evoked ‘post-agonist depression’ of LFP that correlated with the amplitude and kinetics of Vm hyperpolarization. The findings show that accelerated spiking during NMDA and glutamate is associated with enhanced or attenuated LC synchrony, respectively, causing distinct LFP pattern transformations. Shaping of LC population discharge dynamics by ionotropic glutamate receptors potentially fine-tunes its influence on brain functions.
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Waselenchuk Q, Ballanyi K. Autocrine Neuromodulation and Network Activity Patterns in the Locus Coeruleus of Newborn Rat Slices. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040437. [PMID: 35447969 PMCID: PMC9024645 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Already in newborns, the locus coeruleus (LC) controls multiple brain functions and may have a complex organization as in adults. Our findings in newborn rat brain slices indicate that LC neurons (i) generate at ~1 Hz a ~0.3 s-lasting local field potential (LFP) comprising summated phase-locked single spike discharge, (ii) express intrinsic ‘pacemaker’ or ‘burster’ properties and (iii) receive solely excitatory or initially excitatory−secondary inhibitory inputs. μ-opioid or ɑ2 noradrenaline receptor agonists block LFP rhythm at 100−250 nM whereas slightly lower doses transform its bell-shaped pattern into slower crescendo-shaped multipeak bursts. GABAA and glycine receptors hyperpolarize LC neurons to abolish rhythm which remains though unaffected by blocking them. Rhythm persists also during ionotropic glutamate receptor (iGluR) inhibition whereas <10 mV depolarization during iGluR agonists accelerates spiking to cause subtype-specific fast (spindle-shaped) LFP oscillations. Similar modest neuronal depolarization causing a cytosolic Ca2+ rise occurs (without effect on neighboring astrocytes) during LFP acceleration by CNQX activating a TARP-AMPA-type iGluR complex. In contrast, noradrenaline lowers neuronal Ca2+ baseline via ɑ2 receptors, but evokes an ɑ1 receptor-mediated ‘concentric’ astrocytic Ca2+ wave. In summary, the neonatal LC has a complex (possibly modular) organization to enable discharge pattern transformations that might facilitate discrete actions on target circuits.
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Yousuf MS, Samtleben S, Lamothe SM, Friedman TN, Catuneanu A, Thorburn K, Desai M, Tenorio G, Schenk GJ, Ballanyi K, Kurata HT, Simmen T, Kerr BJ. Endoplasmic reticulum stress in the dorsal root ganglia regulates large-conductance potassium channels and contributes to pain in a model of multiple sclerosis. FASEB J 2020; 34:12577-12598. [PMID: 32677089 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001163r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is a common symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS) and current treatment options are ineffective. In this study, we investigated whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) contributes to pain hypersensitivity in the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) mouse model of MS. Inflammatory cells and increased levels of ER stress markers are evident in post-mortem DRGs from MS patients. Similarly, we observed ER stress in the DRG of mice with EAE and relieving ER stress with a chemical chaperone, 4-phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), reduced pain hypersensitivity. In vitro, 4-PBA and the selective PERK inhibitor, AMG44, normalize cytosolic Ca2+ transients in putative DRG nociceptors. We went on to assess disease-mediated changes in the functional properties of Ca2+ -sensitive BK-type K+ channels in DRG neurons. We found that the conductance-voltage (GV) relationship of BK channels was shifted to a more positive voltage, together with a more depolarized resting membrane potential in EAE cells. Our results suggest that ER stress in sensory neurons of MS patients and mice with EAE is a source of pain and that ER stress modulators can effectively counteract this phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saad Yousuf
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Samira Samtleben
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Shawn M Lamothe
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Timothy N Friedman
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ana Catuneanu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Kevin Thorburn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mansi Desai
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Gustavo Tenorio
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Geert J Schenk
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, VU University Medical Center, VUmc MS Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Harley T Kurata
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bradley J Kerr
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Gutiérrez T, Qi H, Yap MC, Tahbaz N, Milburn LA, Lucchinetti E, Lou PH, Zaugg M, LaPointe PG, Mercier P, Overduin M, Bischof H, Burgstaller S, Malli R, Ballanyi K, Shuai J, Simmen T. The ER chaperone calnexin controls mitochondrial positioning and respiration. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/638/eaax6660. [DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aax6660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) control the flux of Ca2+ ions into mitochondria, thereby increasing or decreasing the energetic output of the oxidative phosphorylation pathway. An example is the abundant ER lectin calnexin, which interacts with sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA). We found that calnexin stimulated the ATPase activity of SERCA by maintaining its redox state. This function enabled calnexin to control how much ER Ca2+ was available for mitochondria, a key determinant for mitochondrial bioenergetics. Calnexin-deficient cells compensated for the loss of this function by partially shifting energy generation to the glycolytic pathway. These cells also showed closer apposition between the ER and mitochondria. Calnexin therefore controls the cellular energy balance between oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomás Gutiérrez
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Hong Qi
- Complex Systems Research Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Megan C. Yap
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Nasser Tahbaz
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Leanne A. Milburn
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Eliana Lucchinetti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Phing-How Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael Zaugg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Paul G. LaPointe
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Pascal Mercier
- Department of Biochemistry and National Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Centre (Nanuc), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Michael Overduin
- Department of Biochemistry and National Field Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Centre (Nanuc), University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Helmut Bischof
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sandra Burgstaller
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Roland Malli
- Gottfried Schatz Research Center for Cell Signaling, Metabolism and Aging, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jianwei Shuai
- Department of Physics, and State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Cell Biology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
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Ballanyi K. P256 The locus coeruleus is a complex multiple pattern-generating neural network. Clin Neurophysiol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2019.12.366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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9
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Shen Y, Dana H, Abdelfattah AS, Patel R, Shea J, Molina RS, Rawal B, Rancic V, Chang YF, Wu L, Chen Y, Qian Y, Wiens MD, Hambleton N, Ballanyi K, Hughes TE, Drobizhev M, Kim DS, Koyama M, Schreiter ER, Campbell RE. Correction to: A genetically encoded Ca 2+ indicator based on circularly permutated sea anemone red fluorescent protein eqFP578. BMC Biol 2019; 17:85. [PMID: 31666064 PMCID: PMC6822336 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-019-0707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Hod Dana
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Ahmed S Abdelfattah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Ronak Patel
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Jamien Shea
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Rosana S Molina
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Bijal Rawal
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Yu-Fen Chang
- LumiSTAR Biotechnology Incorporation, Nangang Dist, Taipei City, 115, Taiwan
| | - Lanshi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yingche Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Matthew D Wiens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Nathan Hambleton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Thomas E Hughes
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mikhail Drobizhev
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Douglas S Kim
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Minoru Koyama
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Eric R Schreiter
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, Virginia, 20147, USA
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
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10
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Rancic V, Haque F, Ballanyi K, Gosgnach S. Using an upright preparation to identify and characterize locomotor related neurons across the transverse plane of the neonatal mouse spinal cord. J Neurosci Methods 2019; 323:90-97. [PMID: 31132372 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The basic rhythmicity underlying stepping in mammals is generated by a neural network, situated in the spinal cord, known as the locomotor central pattern generator (CPG). While a molecular approach has provided information regarding neuronal populations that participate in locomotor activity and their specific function, the distributed nature of the locomotor CPG has made it difficult to identify and characterize the specific neurons belonging to each population that are rhythmically-active during stepping. NEW METHOD We describe a preparation in which we isolate the spinal cord from a neonatal mouse, section it at a lumbar segment, situate it in an upright orientation under the objective lens of a 2- photon microscope, and evoke fictive locomotion. RESULTS This preparation allows us to image rhythmic Ca2+ oscillations in spinal neurons, and visually identify those that are involved in fictive locomotor activity. We can then characterize unique features of these neurons. COMPARISON WITH EXISTING METHODS This builds on existing fictive locomotor preparations and is the first which allows for the visual identification of locomotor related neurons spanning the transverse plane of the spinal cord, facilitating their electrophysiological and anatomical characterization CONCLUSIONS: This approach promises to provide new information regarding the distribution of the locomotor CPG in the transverse plane, the characteristics of its component interneurons, as well as the cellular mechanisms and network properties which underlie rhythm generation. By altering the location of Ca2+ indicator application it can also be used to identify and characterize neurons involved in other facets of sensorimotor processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, 3-020D Katz Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Farhia Haque
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 3-020D Katz Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, 3-020D Katz Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 3-020D Katz Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada
| | - Simon Gosgnach
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, 3-020D Katz Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, 3-020D Katz Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2E1, Canada.
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11
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Boakye PA, Rancic V, Whitlock KH, Simmons D, Longo FM, Ballanyi K, Smith PA. Receptor dependence of BDNF actions in superficial dorsal horn: relation to central sensitization and actions of macrophage colony stimulating factor 1. J Neurophysiol 2019; 121:2308-2322. [PMID: 30995156 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00839.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral nerve injury elicits an enduring increase in the excitability of the spinal dorsal horn. This change, which contributes to the development of neuropathic pain, is a consequence of release and prolonged exposure of dorsal horn neurons to various neurotrophins and cytokines. We have shown in rats that nerve injury increases excitatory synaptic drive to excitatory neurons but decreases drive to inhibitory neurons. Both effects, which contribute to an increase in dorsal horn excitability, appear to be mediated by microglia-derived BDNF. We have used multiphoton Ca2+ imaging and whole cell recording of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents in defined-medium organotypic cultures of GAD67-GFP+ mice spinal cord to determine the receptor dependence of these opposing actions of BDNF. In mice, as in rats, BDNF enhances excitatory transmission onto excitatory neurons. This is mediated via presynaptic TrkB and p75 neurotrophin receptors and exclusively by postsynaptic TrkB. By contrast with findings from rats, in mice BDNF does not decrease excitation of inhibitory neurons. The cytokine macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) has also been implicated in the onset of neuropathic pain. Nerve injury provokes its de novo synthesis in primary afferents, its release in spinal cord, and activation of microglia. We now show that CSF-1 increases excitatory drive to excitatory neurons via a BDNF-dependent mechanism and decreases excitatory drive to inhibitory neurons via BDNF-independent processes. Our findings complete missing steps in the cascade of events whereby peripheral nerve injury instigates increased dorsal horn excitability in the context of central sensitization and the onset of neuropathic pain. NEW & NOTEWORTHY Nerve injury provokes synthesis of macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) in primary afferents and its release in the dorsal horn. We show that CSF-1 increases excitatory drive to excitatory dorsal horn neurons via BDNF activation of postsynaptic TrkB and presynaptic TrkB and p75 neurotrophin receptors. CSF-1 decreases excitatory drive to inhibitory neurons via a BDNF-independent processes. This completes missing steps in understanding how peripheral injury instigates central sensitization and the onset of neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Boakye
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Kerri H Whitlock
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Danielle Simmons
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Frank M Longo
- Department of Neurology and Neurological Sciences, Stanford University , Stanford, California
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada.,Department of Physiology, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
| | - Peter A Smith
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Canada
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12
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13
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Shen Y, Wu SY, Rancic V, Aggarwal A, Qian Y, Miyashita SI, Ballanyi K, Campbell RE, Dong M. Genetically encoded fluorescent indicators for imaging intracellular potassium ion concentration. Commun Biol 2019; 2:18. [PMID: 30652129 PMCID: PMC6331434 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-018-0269-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium ion (K+) homeostasis and dynamics play critical roles in biological activities. Here we describe three genetically encoded K+ indicators. KIRIN1 (potassium (K) ion ratiometric indicator) and KIRIN1-GR are Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based indicators with a bacterial K+ binding protein (Kbp) inserting between the fluorescent protein FRET pairs mCerulean3/cp173Venus and Clover/mRuby2, respectively. GINKO1 (green indicator of K+ for optical imaging) is a single fluorescent protein-based K+ indicator constructed by insertion of Kbp into enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). These indicators are suitable for detecting K+ at physiologically relevant concentrations in vitro and in cells. KIRIN1 enabled imaging of cytosolic K+ depletion in live cells and K+ efflux and reuptake in cultured neurons. GINKO1, in conjunction with red fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, enable dual-color imaging of K+ and Ca2+ dynamics in neurons and glial cells. These results demonstrate that KIRIN1 and GINKO1 are useful tools for imaging intracellular K+ dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Sheng-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Abhi Aggarwal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Yong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
| | - Shin-Ichiro Miyashita
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7 Canada
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2 Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033 Japan
| | - Min Dong
- Department of Urology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Department of Surgery, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
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14
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Rajani V, Zhang Y, Jalubula V, Rancic V, SheikhBahaei S, Zwicker JD, Pagliardini S, Dickson CT, Ballanyi K, Kasparov S, Gourine AV, Funk GD. Release of ATP by pre-Bötzinger complex astrocytes contributes to the hypoxic ventilatory response via a Ca 2+ -dependent P2Y 1 receptor mechanism. J Physiol 2018; 596:3245-3269. [PMID: 28678385 PMCID: PMC6068109 DOI: 10.1113/jp274727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS The ventilatory response to reduced oxygen (hypoxia) is biphasic, comprising an initial increase in ventilation followed by a secondary depression. Our findings indicate that, during hypoxia, astrocytes in the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), a critical site of inspiratory rhythm generation, release a gliotransmitter that acts via P2Y1 receptors to stimulate ventilation and reduce the secondary depression. In vitro analyses reveal that ATP excitation of the preBötC involves P2Y1 receptor-mediated release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores. By identifying a role for gliotransmission and the sites, P2 receptor subtype, and signalling mechanisms via which ATP modulates breathing during hypoxia, these data advance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the hypoxic ventilatory response and highlight the significance of purinergic signalling and gliotransmission in homeostatic control. Clinically, these findings are relevant to conditions in which hypoxia and respiratory depression are implicated, including apnoea of prematurity, sleep disordered breathing and congestive heart failure. ABSTRACT The hypoxic ventilatory response (HVR) is biphasic, consisting of a phase I increase in ventilation followed by a secondary depression (to a steady-state phase II) that can be life-threatening in premature infants who suffer from frequent apnoeas and respiratory depression. ATP released in the ventrolateral medulla oblongata during hypoxia attenuates the secondary depression. We explored a working hypothesis that vesicular release of ATP by astrocytes in the pre-Bötzinger Complex (preBötC) inspiratory rhythm-generating network acts via P2Y1 receptors to mediate this effect. Blockade of vesicular exocytosis in preBötC astrocytes bilaterally (using an adenoviral vector to specifically express tetanus toxin light chain in astrocytes) reduced the HVR in anaesthetized rats, indicating that exocytotic release of a gliotransmitter within the preBötC contributes to the hypoxia-induced increases in ventilation. Unilateral blockade of P2Y1 receptors in the preBötC via local antagonist injection enhanced the secondary respiratory depression, suggesting that a significant component of the phase II increase in ventilation is mediated by ATP acting at P2Y1 receptors. In vitro responses of the preBötC inspiratory network, preBötC inspiratory neurons and cultured preBötC glia to purinergic agents demonstrated that the P2Y1 receptor-mediated increase in fictive inspiratory frequency involves Ca2+ recruitment from intracellular stores leading to increases in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+ ]i ) in inspiratory neurons and glia. These data suggest that ATP is released by preBötC astrocytes during hypoxia and acts via P2Y1 receptors on inspiratory neurons (and/or glia) to evoke Ca2+ release from intracellular stores and an increase in ventilation that counteracts the hypoxic respiratory depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishaal Rajani
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
- Present address: Neurosciences & Mental Health, Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning (PGCRL)The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoOntarioCanada
| | - Yong Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Venkatesh Jalubula
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Shahriar SheikhBahaei
- Cellular and Systems Neurobiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS)National Institutes of Health (NIH)BethesdaMDUSA
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Neuroscience, Neuroscience, Physiology & PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jennifer D. Zwicker
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Silvia Pagliardini
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Clayton T. Dickson
- Department of Psychology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI)Faculty of ScienceEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
| | - Sergey Kasparov
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and NeuroscienceUniversity of BristolBristolUK
| | - Alexander V. Gourine
- Centre for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Neuroscience, Neuroscience, Physiology & PharmacologyUniversity College LondonLondonUK
| | - Gregory D. Funk
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute (NMHI), Women and Children's Health Research Institute (WCHRI), Faculty of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaCanada
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15
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Qian Y, Rancic V, Wu J, Ballanyi K, Campbell RE. A Bioluminescent Ca 2+ Indicator Based on a Topological Variant of GCaMP6s. Chembiochem 2018; 20:516-520. [PMID: 29934970 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent genetically encoded calcium ion indicators (GECIs) enable Ca2+ dynamics to be monitored in a diverse array of cell types and tissues. One drawback of green fluorescent GECIs, such as the widely used GCaMP6, is that the blue wavelengths of light used to excite the GECI also activate optogenetic actuators such as channelrhodopsins. Accordingly, it is particularly challenging simultaneously to use both optogenetic actuators and GECIs to both control and image cell signaling. Bioluminescence is an alternative imaging modality that circumvents this problem by avoiding the need for illumination for fluorescence excitation. Here, we report the development of a bioluminescent GECI, designated LUCI-GECO1, based on efficient bioluminescent resonance energy transfer (BRET) between the NanoLuc luciferase and a topological variant of GCaMP6s. LUCI-GECO1 is a sensitive ratiometric GECI that retains the highly optimized properties of GCaMP6s, as we demonstrate by imaging of chemically and optogenetically induced Ca2+ concentration changes in cultured cells and neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qian
- University of Alberta, Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- University of Alberta, Department of Physiology, 7-55 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Jiahui Wu
- University of Alberta, Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- University of Alberta, Department of Physiology, 7-55 Medical Sciences Building, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Robert E Campbell
- University of Alberta, Department of Chemistry, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
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16
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Wu J, Abdelfattah AS, Zhou H, Ruangkittisakul A, Qian Y, Ballanyi K, Campbell RE. Genetically Encoded Glutamate Indicators with Altered Color and Topology. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1832-1837. [PMID: 29308878 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.7b01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glutamate is one of the 20 common amino acids and of utmost importance for chemically mediated synaptic transmission in nervous systems. To expand the color palette of genetically encoded indicators for glutamate, we used protein engineering to develop a red intensity-based glutamate-sensing fluorescent reporter (R-iGluSnFR1). Manipulating the topology of R-iGluSnFR1, and a previously reported green fluorescent indicator, led to the development of noncircularly permutated (ncp) variants. R- and Rncp-iGluSnFR1 display glutamate affinities of 11 μM and 0.9 μM, respectively. We demonstrate that these glutamate indicators are functional when targeted to the surface of HEK-293 cells. Furthermore, we show that Gncp-iGluSnFR enabled reliable visualization of extrasynaptic glutamate in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures, while R-iGluSnFR can reliably resolve action potential-evoked glutamate transients by electrical field stimuli in cultures of dissociated hippocampal neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Ahmed S. Abdelfattah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | | | - Yong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Robert E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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17
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Singh J, Yousuf MS, Jones KE, Shelemey PTM, Joy T, Macandili H, Kerr BJ, Zochodne DW, Sauvé Y, Ballanyi K, Webber CA. Characterization of the Nile Grass Rat as a Unique Model for Type 2 Diabetic Polyneuropathy. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2018; 77:469-478. [DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nly030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Twinkle Joy
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Haecy Macandili
- Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | | | | | - Yves Sauvé
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences
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18
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Shen Y, Dana H, Abdelfattah AS, Patel R, Shea J, Molina RS, Rawal B, Rancic V, Chang YF, Wu L, Chen Y, Qian Y, Wiens MD, Hambleton N, Ballanyi K, Hughes TE, Drobizhev M, Kim DS, Koyama M, Schreiter ER, Campbell RE. A genetically encoded Ca 2+ indicator based on circularly permutated sea anemone red fluorescent protein eqFP578. BMC Biol 2018; 16:9. [PMID: 29338710 PMCID: PMC5771076 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-018-0480-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetically encoded calcium ion (Ca2+) indicators (GECIs) are indispensable tools for measuring Ca2+ dynamics and neuronal activities in vitro and in vivo. Red fluorescent protein (RFP)-based GECIs have inherent advantages relative to green fluorescent protein-based GECIs due to the longer wavelength light used for excitation. Longer wavelength light is associated with decreased phototoxicity and deeper penetration through tissue. Red GECI can also enable multicolor visualization with blue- or cyan-excitable fluorophores. RESULTS Here we report the development, structure, and validation of a new RFP-based GECI, K-GECO1, based on a circularly permutated RFP derived from the sea anemone Entacmaea quadricolor. We have characterized the performance of K-GECO1 in cultured HeLa cells, dissociated neurons, stem-cell-derived cardiomyocytes, organotypic brain slices, zebrafish spinal cord in vivo, and mouse brain in vivo. CONCLUSION K-GECO1 is the archetype of a new lineage of GECIs based on the RFP eqFP578 scaffold. It offers high sensitivity and fast kinetics, similar or better than those of current state-of-the-art indicators, with diminished lysosomal accumulation and minimal blue-light photoactivation. Further refinements of the K-GECO1 lineage could lead to further improved variants with overall performance that exceeds that of the most highly optimized red GECIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Hod Dana
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
- Present address: Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 4195, USA
| | - Ahmed S Abdelfattah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
- Present address: Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Ronak Patel
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Jamien Shea
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Rosana S Molina
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Bijal Rawal
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Yu-Fen Chang
- LumiSTAR Biotechnology Incorporation, Nangang District, Taipei City, 115, Taiwan
| | - Lanshi Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yingche Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Yong Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Matthew D Wiens
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Nathan Hambleton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Thomas E Hughes
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Mikhail Drobizhev
- Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, 59717, USA
| | - Douglas S Kim
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Minoru Koyama
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Eric R Schreiter
- Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G 2G2, Canada.
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19
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Boakye PA, Schmidt EKA, Rancic V, Kerr B, Ballanyi K, Smith PA. Characterization of Superficial Dorsal Horn Neurons from "Tamamaki" Mice and Stability of their GAD67-EGFP Phenotype in Defined-Medium Organotypic Culture. Neuroscience 2017; 372:126-140. [PMID: 29294339 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.12.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Defined medium organotypic cultures (DMOTC) containing spinal dorsal horn neurons are especially useful in studying the etiology and pharmacology of chronic pain. We made whole-cell recordings from neurons in acutely isolated mouse spinal cord slices or from those maintained in DMOTC for up to 6 weeks. In acute slices, neurons in the substantia gelatinosa exhibited 7 different firing patterns in response to 800-ms depolarizing current commands; delay (irregular), delay (tonic), tonic, regular firing, phasic, initial bursting and single spiking. Initial bursting and regular firing neurons are not found in rat substantia gelatinosa. In acute slices from "Tamamaki" mice that express enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of the glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 (GAD67) promotor, tonic, phasic and regular firing neurons exhibited the strongest GABAergic (GAD67-EGFP+) phenotype. Delay (tonic) and delay (irregular) neurons almost never expressed GAD67 (GAD67-EGFP-) and are likely glutamatergic. All seven phenotypes were preserved in mouse spinal cord neurons in DMOTC prepared from e12 embryos and the GAD67-EGFP+ phenotype continued to associate with phasic and regular firing neurons. Only 3 out of 51 GAD67-EGFP+ neurons exhibited a delay (tonic) firing pattern. Modifications to the mouse genome thus continue to be expressed when embryonic neurons develop in vitro in DMOTC. However, analysis of the amplitude and interevent interval of spontaneous EPSCs (sEPSCs) indicated substantial re-arrangement of synaptic connections within the cultures. Despite this, the characteristics and age-dependence of asynchronous oscillatory activity, as monitored by multiphoton Ca2+ imaging, were similar in acute slices and in DMOTC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Boakye
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
| | - Emma K A Schmidt
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
| | - Vladimir Rancic
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
| | - Bradley Kerr
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada
| | - Peter A Smith
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2H7, AB, Canada.
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20
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Raturi A, Gutiérrez T, Ortiz-Sandoval C, Ruangkittisakul A, Herrera-Cruz MS, Rockley JP, Gesson K, Ourdev D, Lou PH, Lucchinetti E, Tahbaz N, Zaugg M, Baksh S, Ballanyi K, Simmen T. TMX1 determines cancer cell metabolism as a thiol-based modulator of ER-mitochondria Ca2+ flux. J Cell Biol 2016; 214:433-44. [PMID: 27502484 PMCID: PMC4987292 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201512077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells are critically dependent on ER–mitochondria Ca2+ flux that regulates their bioenergetics. Here, Raturi et al. identify the ER oxidoreductase TMX1 as a thiol-dependent regulator of this intracellular signaling mechanism within cancer cells. The flux of Ca2+ from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) to mitochondria regulates mitochondria metabolism. Within tumor tissue, mitochondria metabolism is frequently repressed, leading to chemotherapy resistance and increased growth of the tumor mass. Therefore, altered ER–mitochondria Ca2+ flux could be a cancer hallmark, but only a few regulatory proteins of this mechanism are currently known. One candidate is the redox-sensitive oxidoreductase TMX1 that is enriched on the mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM), the site of ER–mitochondria Ca2+ flux. Our findings demonstrate that cancer cells with low TMX1 exhibit increased ER Ca2+, accelerated cytosolic Ca2+ clearance, and reduced Ca2+ transfer to mitochondria. Thus, low levels of TMX1 reduce ER–mitochondria contacts, shift bioenergetics away from mitochondria, and accelerate tumor growth. For its role in intracellular ER–mitochondria Ca2+ flux, TMX1 requires its thioredoxin motif and palmitoylation to target to the MAM. As a thiol-based tumor suppressor, TMX1 increases mitochondrial ATP production and apoptosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Raturi
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Tomás Gutiérrez
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Carolina Ortiz-Sandoval
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Araya Ruangkittisakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Maria Sol Herrera-Cruz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Jeremy P Rockley
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Kevin Gesson
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Dimitar Ourdev
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Phing-How Lou
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Eliana Lucchinetti
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Nasser Tahbaz
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Michael Zaugg
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Shairaz Baksh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada Alberta Inflammatory Bowel Disease Consortium, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
| | - Thomas Simmen
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G2H7, Canada
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Abdelfattah AS, Farhi SL, Zhao Y, Brinks D, Zou P, Ruangkittisakul A, Platisa J, Pieribone VA, Ballanyi K, Cohen AE, Campbell RE. A Bright and Fast Red Fluorescent Protein Voltage Indicator That Reports Neuronal Activity in Organotypic Brain Slices. J Neurosci 2016; 36:2458-72. [PMID: 26911693 PMCID: PMC4764664 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.3484-15.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Optical imaging of voltage indicators based on green fluorescent proteins (FPs) or archaerhodopsin has emerged as a powerful approach for detecting the activity of many individual neurons with high spatial and temporal resolution. Relative to green FP-based voltage indicators, a bright red-shifted FP-based voltage indicator has the intrinsic advantages of lower phototoxicity, lower autofluorescent background, and compatibility with blue-light-excitable channelrhodopsins. Here, we report a bright red fluorescent voltage indicator (fluorescent indicator for voltage imaging red; FlicR1) with properties that are comparable to the best available green indicators. To develop FlicR1, we used directed protein evolution and rational engineering to screen libraries of thousands of variants. FlicR1 faithfully reports single action potentials (∼3% ΔF/F) and tracks electrically driven voltage oscillations at 100 Hz in dissociated Sprague Dawley rat hippocampal neurons in single trial recordings. Furthermore, FlicR1 can be easily imaged with wide-field fluorescence microscopy. We demonstrate that FlicR1 can be used in conjunction with a blue-shifted channelrhodopsin for all-optical electrophysiology, although blue light photoactivation of the FlicR1 chromophore presents a challenge for applications that require spatially overlapping yellow and blue excitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Abdelfattah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Samouil L Farhi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Yongxin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Daan Brinks
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Peng Zou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | | | - Jelena Platisa
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory, Inc., New Haven, Connecticut 06519, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520
| | - Vincent A Pieribone
- The John B. Pierce Laboratory, Inc., New Haven, Connecticut 06519, Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada
| | - Adam E Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada,
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Abdelfattah AS, Rancic V, Rawal B, Ballanyi K, Campbell RE. Ratiometric and photoconvertible fluorescent protein-based voltage indicator prototypes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:14153-14156. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06810c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have explored the potential utility of several new designs for genetically encoded indicators of membrane potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - V. Rancic
- Department of Physiology
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - B. Rawal
- Department of Physiology
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - K. Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
| | - R. E. Campbell
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Alberta
- Edmonton
- Canada
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23
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Ruangkittisakul A, Sharopov S, Kantor C, Kuribayashi J, Mildenberger E, Luhmann H, Kilb W, Ballanyi K. Methylxanthine-evoked perturbation of spontaneous and evoked activities in isolated newborn rat hippocampal networks. Neuroscience 2015; 301:106-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Pravdivyi I, Ballanyi K, Colmers WF, Wevrick R. Progressive postnatal decline in leptin sensitivity of arcuate hypothalamic neurons in theMagel2-null mouse model of Prader–Willi syndrome. Hum Mol Genet 2015; 24:4276-83. [DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddv159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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25
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Biggs JE, Boakye PA, Ganesan N, Stemkowski PL, Lantero A, Ballanyi K, Smith PA. Analysis of the long-term actions of gabapentin and pregabalin in dorsal root ganglia and substantia gelatinosa. J Neurophysiol 2014; 112:2398-412. [DOI: 10.1152/jn.00168.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The α2δ-ligands pregabalin (PGB) and gabapentin (GBP) are used to treat neuropathic pain. We used whole cell recording to study their long-term effects on substantia gelatinosa and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Spinal cord slices were prepared from embryonic day 13 rat embryos and maintained in organotypic culture for >5 wk (neuronal age equivalent to young adult rats). Exposure of similarly aged DRG neurons (dissociated and cultured from postnatal day 19 rats) to GBP or PGB for 5–6 days attenuated high-voltage-activated calcium channel currents (HVA ICa). Strong effects were seen in medium-sized and in small isolectin B4-negative (IB4−) DRG neurons, whereas large neurons and small neurons that bound isolectin B4 (IB4+) were hardly affected. GBP (100 μM) or PGB (10 μM) were less effective than 20 μM Mn2+ in suppression of HVA ICa in small DRG neurons. By contrast, 5–6 days of exposure to these α2δ-ligands was more effective than 20 μM Mn2+ in reducing spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents at synapses in substantia gelatinosa. Spinal actions of gabapentinoids cannot therefore be ascribed to decreased expression of HVA Ca2+ channels in primary afferent nerve terminals. In substantia gelatinosa, 5–6 days of exposure to PGB was more effective in inhibiting excitatory synaptic drive to putative excitatory neurons than to putative inhibitory neurons. Although spontaneous inhibitory postsynaptic currents were also attenuated, the overall long-term effect of α2δ-ligands was to decrease network excitability as monitored by confocal Ca2+ imaging. We suggest that selective actions of α2δ-ligands on populations of DRG neurons may predict their selective attenuation of excitatory transmission onto excitatory vs. inhibitory neurons in substantia gelatinosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E. Biggs
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and
| | - Paul A. Boakye
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Naren Ganesan
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Aquilino Lantero
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Peter A. Smith
- Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada; and
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26
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Wu J, Abdelfattah AS, Miraucourt LS, Kutsarova E, Ruangkittisakul A, Zhou H, Ballanyi K, Wicks G, Drobizhev M, Rebane A, Ruthazer ES, Campbell RE. A long Stokes shift red fluorescent Ca2+ indicator protein for two-photon and ratiometric imaging. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5262. [PMID: 25358432 PMCID: PMC4920544 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The introduction of calcium ion (Ca(2+)) indicators based on red fluorescent proteins (RFPs) has created new opportunities for multicolour visualization of intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics. However, one drawback of these indicators is that they have optimal two-photon excitation outside the near-infrared window (650-1,000 nm) where tissue is most transparent to light. To address this shortcoming, we developed a long Stokes shift RFP-based Ca(2+) indicator, REX-GECO1, with optimal two-photon excitation at <1,000 nm. REX-GECO1 fluoresces at 585 nm when excited at 480 nm or 910 nm by a one- or two-photon process, respectively. We demonstrate that REX-GECO1 can be used as either a ratiometric or intensiometric Ca(2+) indicator in organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (one- and two-photon) and the visual system of albino tadpoles (two-photon). Furthermore, we demonstrate single excitation wavelength two-colour Ca(2+) and glutamate imaging in organotypic cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Ahmed S Abdelfattah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Loïs S Miraucourt
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Neuroengineering Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Elena Kutsarova
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Neuroengineering Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | | | - Hang Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Geoffrey Wicks
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
| | - Mikhail Drobizhev
- Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA
| | - Aleksander Rebane
- 1] Department of Physics, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA [2] National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia 12618
| | - Edward S Ruthazer
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Montreal Neurological Institute, Neuroengineering Program, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 2B4
| | - Robert E Campbell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
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Ruangkittisakul A, Kottick A, Picardo MCD, Ballanyi K, Del Negro CA. Identification of the pre-Bötzinger complex inspiratory center in calibrated "sandwich" slices from newborn mice with fluorescent Dbx1 interneurons. Physiol Rep 2014; 2:2/8/e12111. [PMID: 25138790 PMCID: PMC4246597 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.12111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inspiratory active pre‐Bötzinger complex (preBötC) networks produce the neural rhythm that initiates and controls breathing movements. We previously identified the preBötC in the newborn rat brainstem and established anatomically defined transverse slices in which the preBötC remains active when exposed at one surface. This follow‐up study uses a neonatal mouse model in which the preBötC as well as a genetically defined class of respiratory interneurons can be identified and selectively targeted for physiological recordings. The population of glutamatergic interneurons whose precursors express the transcription factor Dbx1 putatively comprises the core respiratory rhythmogenic circuit. Here, we used intersectional mouse genetics to identify the brainstem distribution of Dbx1‐derived neurons in the context of observable respiratory marker structures. This reference brainstem atlas enabled online histology for generating calibrated sandwich slices to identify the preBötC location, which was heretofore unspecified for perinatal mice. Sensitivity to opioids ensured that slice rhythms originated from preBötC neurons and not parafacial respiratory group/retrotrapezoid nucleus (pFRG/RTN) cells because opioids depress preBötC, but not pFRG/RTN rhythms. We found that the preBötC is centered ~0.4 mm caudal to the facial motor nucleus in this Cre/lox reporter mouse during postnatal days 0–4. Our findings provide the essential basis for future optically guided electrophysiological and fluorescence imaging‐based studies, as well as the application of other Cre‐dependent tools to record or manipulate respiratory rhythmogenic neurons. These resources will ultimately help elucidate the mechanisms that promote respiratory‐related oscillations of preBötC Dbx1‐derived neurons and thus breathing. Breathing movements emanate from Dbx1‐derived interneurons of the brainstem pre‐Bötzinger complex (preBötC). We generated a histology atlas of the medulla in newborn Dbx1 Cre/lox reporter mice and performed physiological tests to pinpoint the preBötC location and map the Dbx1 neuron distribution, which will facilitate neurobiological studies of respiratory rhythm generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Araya Ruangkittisakul
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andrew Kottick
- Department of Applied Science, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia
| | - Maria C D Picardo
- Department of Applied Science, The College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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28
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Mosca E, Ciechanski P, Roy A, Scheibli E, Ballanyi K, Wilson R. Methylxanthine reversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression in the neonatal rat: Mechanism and location of action. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2014; 200:80-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2014.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2014] [Revised: 06/03/2014] [Accepted: 06/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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29
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Biggs JE, Stemkowski PL, Knaus EE, Chowdhury MA, Ballanyi K, Smith PA. Suppression of network activity in dorsal horn by gabapentin permeation of TRPV1 channels: implications for drug access to cytoplasmic targets. Neurosci Lett 2014; 584:397-402. [PMID: 25079903 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The effectiveness of gabapentin (GBP) in the treatment of neuropathic pain depends on access to the α2δ-1 accessory subunit of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels. Access may be limited by its rate of entry via the neuronal system L-neutral amino acid transporter. The open pore of capsaicin-activated TRPV1 channel admits organic molecules such as local anesthetics and we calculated that GBP entry via this route would be 500× more rapid than via the transporter. Capsaicin should therefore increase GBP effectiveness. We used a quaternary GBP derivative (Q-GBP) as sole charge carrier in whole-cell recording experiments on rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Under these conditions, capsaicin produced a capsazepine-sensitive inward current thereby confirming Q-GBP permeation of TRPV1 channels. We have previously established that 5-6 days exposure to 100 μM GBP decreases excitability of dorsal horn neurons whereas 10 μM is ineffective. Excitability was monitored using confocal Ca(2+) imaging of rat spinal cord slices in organotypic culture. GBP effectiveness was augmented by transient exposures of cultures to capsaicin and robust suppression of excitability was seen with 10 μM GBP. Experiments with an inhibitor of the neutral amino acid transporter, 2-aminobicyclo-(2,2,1)-heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH 300 μM), showed the actions of GBP seen in the presence of capsaicin were independent of its entry by this route. Capsaicin potentiation of GBP depression of dorsal horn activity may therefore reflect drug permeation of TRPV1 channels. Agonist activation of TRP channels may provide a means for improving drug access to cytoplasmic targets in selective neuronal populations defined on the basis of type of TRP channel expressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Biggs
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Patrick L Stemkowski
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Edward E Knaus
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Morshed A Chowdhury
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7; Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7
| | - Peter A Smith
- Neurosciences and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7; Department of Pharmacology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2H7.
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30
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Zhao Y, Abdelfattah AS, Zhao Y, Ruangkittisakul A, Ballanyi K, Campbell RE, Harrison DJ. Microfluidic cell sorter-aided directed evolution of a protein-based calcium ion indicator with an inverted fluorescent response. Integr Biol (Camb) 2014; 6:714-25. [PMID: 24840546 DOI: 10.1039/c4ib00039k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a simple, low cost and disposable microfluidic fluorescence activated cell sorting system (μFACS) for directed evolution of fluorescent proteins (FP) and FP-based calcium ion (Ca(2+)) indicators. The system was employed to pre-screen libraries of up to 10(6) variants of a yellow FP-based Ca(2+) indicator (Y-GECO) with throughput up to 300 cells per s. Compared to traditional manual screening of FP libraries, this system accelerated the discovery of improved variants and saved considerable time and effort during the directed evolution of Y-GECO. Y-GECO1, the final product of the μFACS-aided directed evolution, has a unique fluorescence hue that places it in the middle of the spectral gap that separates the currently available green and orange FP-based Ca(2+) indicators, exhibits bright fluorescence in the resting (Ca(2+) free) state, and gives a large response to intracellular Ca(2+) fluctuations in live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Panaitescu B, Kuribayashi J, Ruangkittisakul A, Leung V, Iizuka M, Ballanyi K. Methylxanthines do not affect rhythmogenic preBötC inspiratory network activity but impair bursting of preBötC-driven motoneurons. Neuroscience 2013; 255:158-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.09.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2013] [Revised: 09/26/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Fu W, Ruangkittisakul A, MacTavish D, Baker G, Ballanyi K, Jhamandas J. Activity and metabolism-related Ca2+ and mitochondrial dynamics in co-cultured human fetal cortical neurons and astrocytes. Neuroscience 2013; 250:520-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2013] [Revised: 07/06/2013] [Accepted: 07/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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33
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Webber CA, Salame J, Luu GLS, Acharjee S, Ruangkittisakul A, Martinez JA, Jalali H, Watts R, Ballanyi K, Guo GF, Zochodne DW, Power C. Nerve growth factor acts through the TrkA receptor to protect sensory neurons from the damaging effects of the HIV-1 viral protein, Vpr. Neuroscience 2013; 252:512-25. [PMID: 23912036 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2013.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Distal sensory polyneuropathy (DSP) with associated neuropathic pain is the most common neurological disorder affecting patients with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS). Viral protein R (Vpr) is a neurotoxic protein encoded by HIV-1 and secreted by infected macrophages. Vpr reduces neuronal viability, increases cytosolic calcium and membrane excitability of cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons, and is associated with mechanical allodynia in vivo. A clinical trial with HIV/AIDS patients demonstrated that nerve growth factor (NGF) reduced the severity of DSP-associated neuropathic pain, a problem linked to damage to small diameter, potentially NGF-responsive fibers. Herein, the actions of NGF were investigated in our Vpr model of DSP and we demonstrated that NGF significantly protected sensory neurons from the effects of Vpr. Footpads of immunodeficient Vpr transgenic (vpr/RAG1(-/-)) mice displayed allodynia (p<0.05), diminished epidermalinnervation (p<0.01) and reduced NGF mRNA expression (p<0.001) compared to immunodeficient (wildtype/RAG1(-/-)) littermate control mice. Compartmented cultures confirmed recombinant Vpr exposure to the DRG neuronal perikarya decreased distal neurite extension (p<0.01), whereas NGF exposure at these distal axons protected the DRG neurons from the Vpr-induced effect on their cell bodies. NGF prevented Vpr-induced attenuation of the phosphorylated glycogen synthase-3 axon extension pathway and tropomyosin-related kinase A (TrkA) receptor expression in DRG neurons (p<0.05) and it directly counteracted the cytosolic calcium burst caused by Vpr exposure to DRG neurons (p<0.01). TrkA receptor agonist indicated that NGFacted through the TrkA receptor to block the Vpr-mediated decrease in axon outgrowth in neonatal and adult rat and fetal human DRG neurons (p<0.05). Similarly, inhibiting the lower affinity NGF receptor, p75, blocked Vpr's effect on DRG neurons. Overall, NGF/TrkA signaling or p75 receptor inhibition protects somatic sensory neurons exposed to Vpr, thus laying the groundwork for potential therapeutic options for HIV/AIDS patients suffering from DSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Webber
- Division of Anatomy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Fu W, Ruangkittisakul A, MacTavish D, Shi JY, Ballanyi K, Jhamandas JH. Amyloid β (Aβ) peptide directly activates amylin-3 receptor subtype by triggering multiple intracellular signaling pathways. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:18820-30. [PMID: 22500019 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.331181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The two age-prevalent diseases Alzheimer disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus share many common features including the deposition of amyloidogenic proteins, amyloid β protein (Aβ) and amylin (islet amyloid polypeptide), respectively. Recent evidence suggests that both Aβ and amylin may express their effects through the amylin receptor, although the precise mechanisms for this interaction at a cellular level are unknown. Here, we studied this by generating HEK293 cells with stable expression of an isoform of the amylin receptor family, amylin receptor-3 (AMY3). Aβ1-42 and human amylin (hAmylin) increase cytosolic cAMP and Ca(2+), trigger multiple pathways involving the signal transduction mediators protein kinase A, MAPK, Akt, and cFos. Aβ1-42 and hAmylin also induce cell death during exposure for 24-48 h at low micromolar concentrations. In the presence of hAmylin, Aβ1-42 effects on HEK293-AMY3-expressing cells are occluded, suggesting a shared mechanism of action between the two peptides. Amylin receptor antagonist AC253 blocks increases in intracellular Ca(2+), activation of protein kinase A, MAPK, Akt, cFos, and cell death, which occur upon AMY3 activation with hAmylin, Aβ1-42, or their co-application. Our data suggest that AMY3 plays an important role by serving as a receptor target for actions Aβ and thus may represent a novel therapeutic target for development of compounds to treat neurodegenerative conditions such as Alzheimer disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Fu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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35
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Ballanyi K, Panaitescu B, Ruangkittisakul A. Persistence of inspiratory rhythm in calibrated newborn rat pre‐Bötzinger complex slices upon blockade of store‐mediated calcium signaling. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.895.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ferguson E, Ciechanski P, Roy A, Ballanyi K, Wilson R. Methylxanthine reversal of opioid‐induced respiratory depression in the in situ neonatal rat working heart‐brainstem preparation. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1088.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erin Ferguson
- Physiology & PharmacologyHotchkiss Brain Institute & AB Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Patrick Ciechanski
- Physiology & PharmacologyHotchkiss Brain Institute & AB Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | - Arijit Roy
- Physiology & PharmacologyHotchkiss Brain Institute & AB Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
| | | | - Richard Wilson
- Physiology & PharmacologyHotchkiss Brain Institute & AB Children's Hospital Research InstituteUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Rajani V, Zwicker JD, Panaitescu B, Alvares TS, Chaves EP, Ballanyi K, Funk GD. Signaling pathways underlying the P2Y
1
receptor‐mediated excitation of the preBötzinger Complex (preBötC) inspiratory rhythm generating network in vitro. FASEB J 2012. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.26.1_supplement.1088.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vishaal Rajani
- Centre for NeuroscienceUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | | | | | | | | | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
| | - Gregory D Funk
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
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Biggs JE, Van B. Lu, Kim HJ, Lai A, Todd KG, Ballanyi K, Colmers WF, Smith PA. Defined Medium Organotypic Cultures of Spinal Cord Put ‘Pain in a Dish’. Isolated Central Nervous System Circuits 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-020-5_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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39
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Kantor C, Panaitescu B, Kuribayashi J, Ruangkittisakul A, Jovanovic I, Leung V, Lee TF, MacTavish D, Jhamandas JH, Cheung PY, Ballanyi K. Spontaneous Neural Network Oscillations in Hippocampus, Cortex, and Locus Coeruleus of Newborn Rat and Piglet Brain Slices. Isolated Central Nervous System Circuits 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-020-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Ruangkittisakul A, Ballanyi K. Anoxia response in physiological potassium of the isolated inspiratory center in calibrated newborn rat brainstem slices. Adv Exp Med Biol 2012; 758:91-8. [PMID: 23080147 DOI: 10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Using newborn rat brainstem-spinal cords, we were the first to show that medullary inspiratory networks can generate the neonatal biphasic (initial acceleration-secondary slowing) respiratory response to severe hypoxia causing tissue anoxia. Our findings also indicated that medullary inspiratory interneurons remain functional during sustained anoxia due to effective utilization of anaerobic metabolism. In that previous work by us and related studies by others on respiratory anoxia responses in the above en bloc model or brainstem slices, presumptive recording sites within the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) inspiratory center were not histologically verified. Moreover, preBötC slices were studied in 7-9 mM K(+) to stabilize rhythm which can, however, affect respiratory neuromodulation. Here, we summarize our previous findings on respiratory anoxia responses in the en bloc model in physiological (3 mM) K(+). Using our recently developed 'calibrated' slices, we also exemplify anoxia effects in anatomically identified preBötC cells in physiological K(+) based on recording electrophysiological population activity in conjunction with either membrane potential or cytosolic Ca(2+).
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Acharjee S, Zhu Y, Maingat F, Pardo C, Ballanyi K, Hollenberg MD, Power C. Proteinase-activated receptor-1 mediates dorsal root ganglion neuronal degeneration in HIV/AIDS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 134:3209-21. [PMID: 22021895 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awr242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Distal sensory polyneuropathy is a frequent complication of lentivirus infections of the peripheral nervous system including both human immunodeficiency virus and feline immunodeficiency virus. Proteinase-activated receptors are G protein-coupled receptors implicated in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration. Proteinase-activated receptor-1 is expressed on different cell types within the nervous system including neurons and glia, but little is known about its role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory peripheral nerve diseases, particularly lentivirus-related distal sensory polyneuropathy. Herein, the expression and functions of proteinase-activated receptor-1 in the peripheral nervous system during human immunodeficiency virus and feline immunodeficiency virus infections were investigated. Proteinase-activated receptor-1 expression was most evident in autopsied dorsal root ganglion neurons from subjects infected with human immunodeficiency virus, compared with the dorsal root ganglia of uninfected subjects. Human immunodeficiency virus or feline immunodeficiency virus infection of cultured human or feline dorsal root ganglia caused upregulation of interleukin-1β and proteinase-activated receptor-1 expression. In the human immunodeficiency virus- or feline immunodeficiency virus-infected dorsal root ganglia, interleukin-1β activation was principally detected in macrophages, while neurons showed induction of proteinase-activated receptor-1. Binding of proteinase-activated receptor-1 by the selective proteinase-activated receptor-1-activating peptide resulted in neurite retraction and soma atrophy in conjunction with cytosolic calcium activation in human dorsal root ganglion neurons. Interleukin-1β exposure to feline or human dorsal root ganglia caused upregulation of proteinase-activated receptor-1 in neurons. Exposure of feline immunodeficiency virus-infected dorsal root ganglia to the interleukin-1 receptor antagonist prevented proteinase-activated receptor-1 induction and neurite retraction. In vivo feline immunodeficiency virus infection was associated with increased proteinase-activated receptor-1 expression on neurons and interleukin-1β induction in macrophages. Moreover, feline immunodeficiency virus infection caused hyposensitivity to mechanical stimulation. These data indicated that activation and upregulation of proteinase-activated receptor-1 by interleukin-1β contributed to dorsal root ganglion neuronal damage during lentivirus infections leading to the development of distal sensory polyneuropathy and might also provide new targets for future therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaona Acharjee
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2S2, Canada
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Na H, Acharjee S, Jones G, Vivithanaporn P, Noorbakhsh F, McFarlane N, Maingat F, Ballanyi K, Pardo CA, Cohen EA, Power C. Interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 Vpr expression and innate immunity influence neurovirulence. Retrovirology 2011; 8:44. [PMID: 21645334 PMCID: PMC3123635 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-8-44] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 06/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viral diversity and abundance are defining properties of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1's biology and pathogenicity. Despite the increasing availability of antiretroviral therapy, HIV-associated dementia (HAD) continues to be a devastating consequence of HIV-1 infection of the brain although the underlying disease mechanisms remain uncertain. Herein, molecular diversity within the HIV-1 non-structural gene, Vpr, was examined in RNA sequences derived from brain and blood of HIV/AIDS patients with or without HIV-associated dementia (HAD) together with the ensuing pathobiological effects. RESULTS Cloned brain- and blood-derived full length vpr alleles revealed that amino acid residue 77 within the brain-derived alleles distinguished HAD (77Q) from non-demented (ND) HIV/AIDS patients (77R) (p < 0.05) although vpr transcripts were more frequently detected in HAD brains (p < 0.05). Full length HIV-1 clones encoding the 77R-ND residue induced higher IFN-α, MX1 and BST-2 transcript levels in human glia relative to the 77Q-HAD encoding virus (p < 0.05) but both viruses exhibited similar levels of gene expression and replication. Myeloid cells transfected with 77Q-(pVpr77Q-HAD), 77R (pVpr77R-ND) or Vpr null (pVpr(-))-containing vectors showed that the pVpr77R-ND vector induced higher levels of immune gene expression (p < 0.05) and increased neurotoxicity (p < 0.05). Vpr peptides (amino acids 70-96) containing the 77Q-HAD or 77R-ND motifs induced similar levels of cytosolic calcium activation when exposed to human neurons. Human glia exposed to the 77R-ND peptide activated higher transcript levels of IFN-α, MX1, PRKRA and BST-2 relative to 77Q-HAD peptide (p < 0.05). The Vpr 77R-ND peptide was also more neurotoxic in a concentration-dependent manner when exposed to human neurons (p < 0.05). Stereotaxic implantation of full length Vpr, 77Q-HAD or 77R-ND peptides into the basal ganglia of mice revealed that full length Vpr and the 77R-ND peptide caused greater neurobehavioral deficits and neuronal injury compared with 77Q-HAD peptide-implanted animals (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS These observations underscored the potent neuropathogenic properties of Vpr but also indicated viral diversity modulates innate neuroimmunity and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Na
- Department of Medicine University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2S2, Canada.
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Panaitescu B, Ballanyi K. Countering by methylxanthines of opioid‐evoked depression of spontaneous network oscillations in locus coeruleus of newborn rat brain slices. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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44
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Kantor CM, Panaitescu B, Kuribayashi J, Ruangkittisakul A, Mildenberger E, Sharopov S, Luhmann HJ, Kilb W, Ballanyi K. Methylxanthine‐evoked seizure‐like perturbation of isolated newborn rat hippocampal and cortical networks. FASEB J 2011. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.25.1_supplement.lb522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Werner Kilb
- Physiological InstituteUniversity of MainzMainzGermany
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Abstract
Long regarded as mere structural support for neurons, neuroglial cells are now considered pivotal for brain metabolism, the blood-brain barrier, cerebral hemodynamics, and neuronal function. Multitasking by glia involves numerous signaling and effector pathways that control various processes, including neurotransmitter uptake and release of gliotransmitters, such as glutamate or adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). Acidosis of cerebrospinal fluid causes ATP release from astrocytic glia at the ventral brainstem surface, which excites neighboring brainstem neurons that stimulate neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), which controls inspiratory breathing movements. New insights into glial regulation of complex behavior, and particularly into respiratory circuit function, are evolving from application of genetically engineered optical stimulation and Ca(2+) imaging tools, combined with other molecular and electrophysiological approaches. These advances in technology will enable direct analyses of respiratory-related neuron-glia interactions not only at the ventral brainstem surface but also within the preBötC, which generates a vital brain rhythm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of Physiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2S2, Canada.
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Acharjee S, Noorbakhsh F, Stemkowski PL, Olechowski C, Cohen EA, Ballanyi K, Kerr B, Pardo C, Smith PA, Power C. HIV-1 viral protein R causes peripheral nervous system injury associated with in vivo neuropathic pain. FASEB J 2010; 24:4343-53. [PMID: 20628092 DOI: 10.1096/fj.10-162313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Painful peripheral neuropathy has become the principal neurological disorder in HIV/AIDS patients. Herein, we investigated the effects of a cytotoxic HIV-1 accessory protein, viral protein R (Vpr), on the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Host and viral gene expression was investigated in peripheral nerves from HIV-infected individuals and in HIV-infected human dorsal root ganglion (DRG) cultures by RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry. Cytosolic calcium ([Ca(2+)]) fluxes and neuronal membrane responses were analyzed in cultured DRGs. Neurobehavioral responses and cytokine levels were assessed in a transgenic mouse model in which the vpr transgene was expressed in an immunodeficient background (vpr/RAG1(-/-)). Vpr transcripts and proteins were detected in peripheral nerves and DRGs from HIV-infected patients. Exposure of rat or human cultured DRG neurons to Vpr rapidly increased [Ca(2+)] and action potential frequency while increasing input resistance. HIV infection of human DRG cultures caused neurite retraction (P<0.05), accompanied by induction of interferon-α (IFN-α) transcripts (P<0.05). vpr/RAG1(-/-) mice expressed Vpr together with increased IFN-α (P<0.05) in the PNS and also exhibited mechanical allodynia, unlike their vpr/RAG1(-/-) littermates (P<0.05). Herein, Vpr caused DRG neuronal damage, likely through cytosolic calcium activation and cytokine perturbation, highlighting Vpr's contribution to HIV-associated peripheral neuropathy and ensuing neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaona Acharjee
- Department of Medicine,University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Ruangkittisakul A, Ballanyi K. Methylxanthine reversal of opioid-evoked inspiratory depression via phosphodiesterase-4 blockade. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2010; 172:94-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2010.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2010] [Revised: 04/11/2010] [Accepted: 04/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ruangkittisakul A, Panaitescu B, Kuribayashi J, Ballanyi K. Caffeine reversal of opioid-evoked and endogenous inspiratory depression in perinatal rat en bloc medullas and slices. Adv Exp Med Biol 2010; 669:123-7. [PMID: 20217334 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-5692-7_25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Caffeine counters endogenous or drug-evoked depression of breathing in (preterm) infants. Despite its common clinical use, little is known on central nervous mechanisms of its stimulatory respiratory action. We show that millimolar concentrations of caffeine are needed in perinatal rat en bloc medullas and medullary slices for stimulation of fictive inspiratory rhythms that were either endogenously slow in fetuses or depressed by prostagandins or opioids. Findings suggests that caffeine blocks phospodiesterase-4 thus raising cAMP in rhythmogenic pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC) networks and/or cells driving the inspiratory preBötC.
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Ruangkittisakul A, Panaitescu B, Ballanyi K. Multiphoton calcium imaging of methylxanthine‐reversal of opioid depression of inspiratory‐related pre‐Bötzinger complex rhythm in newborn rat brainstem slices. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.614.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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50
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Panaitescu B, Kuribayashi J, Ruangkittisakul A, Ballanyi K. Disturbed inspiratory rhythm in rat brainstem slices by seizure‐like bursting due to theophylline‐evoked GABA
A
receptor block. FASEB J 2010. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.24.1_supplement.614.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Klaus Ballanyi
- Department of PhysiologyUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonABCanada
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