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Hancox J, Ayling K, Bedford L, Vedhara K, Roberston JFR, Young B, das Nair R, Sullivan FM, Schembri S, Mair FS, Littleford R, Kendrick D. Psychological impact of lung cancer screening using a novel antibody blood test followed by imaging: the ECLS randomized controlled trial. J Public Health (Oxf) 2023; 45:e275-e284. [PMID: 35285902 PMCID: PMC10273385 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdac032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Early CDT®-Lung antibody blood test plus serial computed tomography scans for test-positives (TPGs) reduces late-stage lung cancer presentation. This study assessed the psychological outcomes of this approach. METHODS Randomized controlled trial (n = 12 208) comparing psychological outcomes 1-12 months post-recruitment in a subsample (n = 1032) of TPG, test-negative (TNG) and control groups (CG). RESULTS Compared to TNG, TPG had lower positive affect (difference between means (DBM), 3 months (3m: -1.49 (-2.65, - 0.33)), greater impact of worries (DBM 1m: 0.26 (0.05, 0.47); 3m: 0.28 (0.07, 0.50)), screening distress (DBM 1m: 3.59 (2.28, 4.90); 3m: 2.29 (0.97, 3.61); 6m: 1.94 (0.61, 3.27)), worry about tests (odds ratio (OR) 1m: 5.79 (2.66, 12.63) and more frequent lung cancer worry (OR 1m: 2.52 (1.31, 4.83); 3m: 2.43 (1.26, 4.68); 6m: 2.87 (1.48, 5.60)). Compared to CG, TPG had greater worry about tests (OR 1m: 3.40 (1.69, 6.84)). TNG had lower negative affect (log-transformed DBM 3m: -0.08 (-0.13, -0.02)), higher positive affect (DBM 1m: 1.52 (0.43, 2.61); 3m: 1.43 (0.33, 2.53); 6m: 1.27 (0.17, 2.37)), less impact of worries (DBM 3m: -0.27 (-0.48, -0.07)) and less-frequent lung cancer worry (OR 3m: 0.49 (0.26, 0.92)). CONCLUSIONS Negative psychological effects in TPG and positive effects in TNG were short-lived and most differences were small.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hancox
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Applied Health Research Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD
| | - K Ayling
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Applied Health Research Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD
| | - L Bedford
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K Vedhara
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Applied Health Research Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD
| | - J F R Roberston
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, DE22 3DT Derby, UK
| | - B Young
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Applied Health Research Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD
| | - R das Nair
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, NG7 2TU Nottingham, UK
| | - F M Sullivan
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, KY16 9TF St Andrews, UK
| | - S Schembri
- Respiratory Medicine, NHS Tayside, DD2 1UB Dundee UK
| | - F S Mair
- Institute of Health & Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, G12 8RZ Glasgow, UK
| | - R Littleford
- Centre for Clinical Research, University of Queensland, 4072 Saint Lucia, Australia
| | - D Kendrick
- Centre for Academic Primary Care, Lifespan and Population Health, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Applied Health Research Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD
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Sung BYC, Tang EHM, Bedford L, Wong CKH, Tse ETY, Yu EYT, Cheung BMY, Lam CLK. Change in framingham cardiovascular disease risk between 2003 and 2014 in the hong kong population health survey. Eur Heart J 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab724.2477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Framingham Risk model estimates a person's 10-year cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk.
Purpose
We aimed to calculate the change in sex-age specific Framingham CVD risk in the Hong Kong Population Health Survey (PHS) 2014/15 in comparison with the survey in 2003–05 (PHS2003/2004 & Heart Health Survey (HHS) 2004/2005).
Methods
Subjects aged 30–74 years from PHS2014/15 (n=1,662, n=4,445,869 after population weighing) and PHS2003/2004 & HHS2004/2005 (n=818, n=3,495,074 after population weighing) with complete data for the calculation of Framingham CVD predicted risk were included. The sex-specific CVD risks of participants were calculated based on their age, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein, mean systolic blood pressure, smoking habits, diabetic status, and treatment for hypertension. The mean sex-age specific CVD risks were then calculated, and the differences in CVD risk between the two surveys were analysed using ANOVA.
Results
There was no significant difference in 10-year CVD risks between the 2003–2005 and 2014/15 study populations (10.2% vs. 10.6%, p=0.29). After adjusting to a standard population (US Census 2000), the age-standardized CVD risk was lower in 2014–2015 than in 2003–05 (10.0% vs. 10.7%, p=0.017). More participants aged 65–74 were classified as high risk during 2003/04 (PHS2003/2004 & HHS2004/2005: 66.8% vs. PHS2014/15: 53.1%, p=0.026). This might be due to the decrease in the proportion of smokers among men (2003–2005: 30.5% vs. 24.0% in 2014–15, p<0.001).
Conclusions
Between 2003/04 and 2014/15, there was a small decrease in age-standardized 10-year CVD risk, which might be related to the reduction in smoking. However, more effort in targeting multiple CVD risk factors simultaneously is needed to achieve a greater reduction in CVD risk.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding sources: None.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Y C Sung
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - E H M Tang
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - L Bedford
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C K H Wong
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - E T Y Tse
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - E Y T Yu
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - C L K Lam
- The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Bedford L, Walther J, Barthakur U, Davis A, Donickey S. PD-0888 How timely is timely when it comes to palliative radiotherapy? 14 days or is it Urgent Plus? Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Bedford L, Aliyu S, Brown N, Cerny P, Haynes S, Thaxter R, Enoch D. Multi-disciplinary review is an effective tool in reducing Clostridium difficile infection in hospitals. J Hosp Infect 2018; 98:44-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2017.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Young B, Bedford L, Vedhara K, Nair RD, Robertson J, Kendrick D. MA 18.04 Changes in Smoking Behavior in the Early Cancer Detection Test Lung Cancer Scotland (ECLS) Study. J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Clark M, Bedford L, Young B, Nair RD, Robertson J, Vedhara K, Kendrick D. OA 06.08 Is Lung Cancer Screening Associated with a Negative Psychological Impact? J Thorac Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2017.09.360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Young B, Bedford L, Kendrick D, Vedhara K, Robertson JFR, das Nair R. Factors influencing the decision to attend screening for cancer in the UK: a meta-ethnography of qualitative research. J Public Health (Oxf) 2017; 40:315-339. [DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdx026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B Young
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - L Bedford
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - D Kendrick
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - K Vedhara
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - J F R Robertson
- Division of Medical Sciences and Graduate Entry Medicine, University of Nottingham, Derby, UK
| | - R das Nair
- Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
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Bahamon B, Bedford L, Li C, Xu Q, Park J, Badola S, Ecsedy J, Danaee H. Comparison of protein and mRNA immunophenotyping platforms in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and melanoma samples. Eur J Cancer 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)32896-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Pai S, Bedford L, Ruramayi R, Aliyu SH, Sule J, Maslin D, Enoch DA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis/ventriculitis in a UK tertiary referral hospital. QJM 2016; 109:85-9. [PMID: 25991873 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcv094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a rare cause of meningitis and ventriculitis but is generally associated with significant morbidity and mortality. AIM We sought to determine the epidemiology, risk factors and outcome of meningitis and ventriculitis due to P. aeruginosa at our institution in order to inform preventive strategies and treatment guidelines. METHODS Retrospective study of all patients with a positive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture admitted to a tertiary care hospital over 18 years. Clinical details, demographic, microbiological and antibiotic data were obtained from laboratory and medical records. RESULTS Twenty-four episodes occurred in 21 patients over 18 years. Pyrexia (75%), fluctuating mental status (50%) and headache (41%) were the most frequent presenting symptoms. Nineteen of the 21 patients had previously undergone a neurosurgical procedure and seven had extra-ventricular devices in situ. Twelve (57%) patients had P. aeruginosa isolated from another site prior to their episode. Most (89%) CSF samples demonstrated a neutrophilia; the CSF protein, when measured, was raised in all cases. Gram-negative bacilli were visible on CSF microscopy in only three isolates. There were relatively low rates of resistance to most antimicrobials tested and combination treatment of intravenous with intrathecal antibiotics was often used. No patients died within 28 days. CONCLUSION Pseudomonas aeruginosa meningitis and ventriculitis are predominantly nosocomial and related to prior neurosurgery. It can be difficult to diagnose as CSF Gram-film and meningism are insensitive markers. Appropriate empirical treatment, neurosurgical prophylaxis and surveillance can aid in managing this infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Pai
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
| | - L Bedford
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
| | - R Ruramayi
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
| | - S H Aliyu
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
| | - J Sule
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
| | - D Maslin
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
| | - D A Enoch
- From the Cambridge Laboratory, Public Health England, Clinical Microbiology & Public Health Laboratory, Box 236, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QW, UK
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Rogers N, Paine S, Bedford L, Layfield R. Review: the ubiquitin-proteasome system: contributions to cell death or survival in neurodegeneration. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2010; 36:113-24. [PMID: 20202119 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2010.01063.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The significance of the accumulation of ubiquitin-positive intraneuronal inclusions in the brains of those affected with different neurodegenerative diseases is currently unclear. While one interpretation is that the disease mechanism(s) involves dysfunction of an ubiquitin-mediated process, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system, the inclusions are also found in surviving neurones, suggesting a possible neuroprotective role. Here we review recent evidence in support of these seemingly opposing notions gleaned from cell and animal models as well as investigations of patient samples, with particular emphasis on studies relevant to Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rogers
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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Rezvani Z, Bedford L, Mayer R. P2.018 Recapitulation of neurodegenerative disease and apoptotic neuronal cell death caused by 26S proteasome dysfunction. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1353-8020(09)70369-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Rothschild BM, Hershkovitz I, Bedford L, Latimer B, Dutour O, Rothschild C, Jellema LM. Identification of childhood arthritis in archaeological material: juvenile rheumatoid arthritis versus juvenile spondyloarthropathy. Am J Phys Anthropol 1997; 102:249-64. [PMID: 9066903 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(199702)102:2<249::aid-ajpa7>3.0.co;2-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The opportunity to examine the defleshed skeleton of an individual diagnosed in life (Hamann-Todd collection, individual 2036) afforded a unique opportunity to demonstrate the bone damage characteristic of at least one form of juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). Characteristics helpful for recognition of JRA in archaeological material include peripheral articular marginal and subchondral erosions, axial (e.g., zygapophyseal or sacroiliac) joint erosions, fusion of axial (cervical zygapophyseal) and/or peripheral joints, premature epiphyseal closure and/or ballooned epiphyses, growth retardation with underdeveloped (short and overtubulated) long bones, short mandibular rami with underdeveloped condyles and concomitant micrognathia, and demineralization (osteopenia). Distinguishing between JRA and juvenile spondyloarthropathy, however, is not always possible, as illustrated by this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- B M Rothschild
- Arthritis Center of Northeast Ohio, Youngstown 44512, USA
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Raine AE, Bedford L, Simpson AW, Ashley CC, Brown R, Woodhead JS, Ledingham JG. Hyperparathyroidism, platelet intracellular free calcium and hypertension in chronic renal failure. Kidney Int 1993; 43:700-5. [PMID: 8455369 DOI: 10.1038/ki.1993.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
To investigate possible relationships between hyperparathyroidism, alterations in intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and hypertension in chronic renal failure, serum concentrations of intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) were measured by two-site immunometric assay, and platelet ([Ca2+]i) was assessed using the fluorescent indicator fura-2. Thirty-six patients with chronic renal failure were studied, 10 with normal serum PTH concentrations (mean 8.0 +/- 0.6 pmol/liter), 17 with elevated serum PTH (35.0 +/- 7.2 pmol/liter) and 9 patients with elevated PTH (36.2 +/- 5.9 pmol/liter) who were receiving nifedipine. Platelet [Ca2+]i was increased in patients with elevated PTH, compared with those in whom PTH was normal (138 +/- 16 vs. 83 +/- 7 nmol/liter, P < 0.01). A linear relation was observed between serum PTH and platelet [Ca2+]i in these patients (r = 0.818, P < 0.001). In contrast, platelet [Ca2+]i was not elevated (84 +/- 9 nmol/liter) in the patients with elevated PTH who were receiving nifedipine. A linear relation was also present between both serum PTH (r = 0.616, P < 0.001) and platelet [Ca2+]i (r = 0.576, P < 0.005) and mean blood pressure. Nine patients with hyperparathyroidism were restudied after treatment with the vitamin D analogue alfacalcidol. This resulted in significant decreases in serum PTH (P < 0.01), platelet [Ca2+]i (P < 0.02), and mean blood pressure (P < 0.05). These studies indicate that [Ca2+]i may be increased early in renal failure, and that this increase occurs in association with both hyperparathyroidism and hypertension. Furthermore, treatment of hyperparathyroidism with alfacalcidol may result in reductions in both [Ca2+]i and blood pressure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- A E Raine
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, England, United Kingdom
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Bedford L. The electron microscopy and cytochemistry of oogenesis and the cytochemistry of embryonic development of the prosobranch gastropod Bembicium nanum L. J Embryol Exp Morphol 1966; 15:15-37. [PMID: 5915169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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