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Griffin I, Martin SW, Fischer M, Chambers TV, Kosoy OL, Goldberg C, Falise A, Villamil V, Ponomareva O, Gillis LD, Blackmore C, Jean R. Zika Virus IgM 25 Months after Symptom Onset, Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA. Emerg Infect Dis 2020; 25:2264-2265. [PMID: 31742511 PMCID: PMC6874245 DOI: 10.3201/eid2512.191022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed IgM detection in Zika patients from the 2016 outbreak in Miami-Dade County, Florida, USA. Of those with positive or equivocal IgM after 12-19 months, 87% (26/30) had IgM 6 months later. In a survival analysis, ≈76% had IgM at 25 months. Zika virus IgM persists for years, complicating serologic diagnosis.
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Heberlein-Larson L, Gillis LD, Morrison A, Scott B, Cook M, Cannons A, Quaye E, White S, Cone M, Mock V, Schiffer J, Lonsway D, Petway M, Otis A, Stanek D, Hamilton J, Crowe S. Partnerships Involved in Public Health Testing for Zika Virus in Florida, 2016. Public Health Rep 2020; 134:43S-52S. [PMID: 31682557 DOI: 10.1177/0033354919867720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of Zika virus in the Americas in 2015 and its association with birth defects and other adverse health outcomes triggered an unprecedented public health response and a demand for testing. In 2016, when Florida exceeded state public health laboratory capacity for diagnostic testing, the state formed partnerships with federal and commercial laboratories. Eighty-two percent of the testing (n = 33 802 of 41 008 specimens) by the laboratory partners, including Florida's Bureau of Public Health Laboratories (BPHL; n = 13 074), a commercial laboratory (n = 19 214), and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; n = 1514), occurred from July through November 2016, encompassing the peak period of local transmission. These partnerships allowed BPHL to maintain acceptable test turnaround times of 1 to 4 days for nucleic acid testing and 3 to 7 days for serologic testing. Lessons learned from this response to inform future outbreaks included the need for early planning to establish outside partnerships, adding specimen triage strategies to surge plans, and integrating state and CDC information systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea Heberlein-Larson
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Leah D Gillis
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrea Morrison
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Blake Scott
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Mary Cook
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Andrew Cannons
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Elesi Quaye
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Stephen White
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Marshall Cone
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Valerie Mock
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jarad Schiffer
- Division of Bacterial Diseases, Meningitis and Vaccine Preventable Disease Branch, National Center for Immunizations and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - David Lonsway
- Division of Health Care Quality Promotion, Clinical and Environmental Microbiology Branch, National Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Marla Petway
- National Center for Emerging Zoonotic and Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aaron Otis
- Division of State and Local Readiness, Program Services Branch, Center for Preparedness and Response, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Danielle Stanek
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Janet Hamilton
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Epidemiology, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Susanne Crowe
- Florida Department of Health, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Grubaugh ND, Saraf S, Gangavarapu K, Watts A, Tan AL, Oidtman RJ, Ladner JT, Oliveira G, Matteson NL, Kraemer MUG, Vogels CBF, Hentoff A, Bhatia D, Stanek D, Scott B, Landis V, Stryker I, Cone MR, Kopp EW, Cannons AC, Heberlein-Larson L, White S, Gillis LD, Ricciardi MJ, Kwal J, Lichtenberger PK, Magnani DM, Watkins DI, Palacios G, Hamer DH, Gardner LM, Perkins TA, Baele G, Khan K, Morrison A, Isern S, Michael SF, Andersen KG. Travel Surveillance and Genomics Uncover a Hidden Zika Outbreak during the Waning Epidemic. Cell 2019; 178:1057-1071.e11. [PMID: 31442400 PMCID: PMC6716374 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The Zika epidemic in the Americas has challenged surveillance and control. As the epidemic appears to be waning, it is unclear whether transmission is still ongoing, which is exacerbated by discrepancies in reporting. To uncover locations with lingering outbreaks, we investigated travel-associated Zika cases to identify transmission not captured by reporting. We uncovered an unreported outbreak in Cuba during 2017, a year after peak transmission in neighboring islands. By sequencing Zika virus, we show that the establishment of the virus was delayed by a year and that the ensuing outbreak was sparked by long-lived lineages of Zika virus from other Caribbean islands. Our data suggest that, although mosquito control in Cuba may initially have been effective at mitigating Zika virus transmission, such measures need to be maintained to be effective. Our study highlights how Zika virus may still be "silently" spreading and provides a framework for understanding outbreak dynamics. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Grubaugh
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
| | - Sharada Saraf
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Karthik Gangavarapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alexander Watts
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Amanda L Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA; Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Rachel J Oidtman
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Jason T Ladner
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA; Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ 86011, USA
| | - Glenn Oliveira
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nathaniel L Matteson
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Moritz U G Kraemer
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK; Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chantal B F Vogels
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Aaron Hentoff
- Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Deepit Bhatia
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Danielle Stanek
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA
| | - Blake Scott
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA
| | - Vanessa Landis
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA
| | - Ian Stryker
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Marshall R Cone
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Edgar W Kopp
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Andrew C Cannons
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Lea Heberlein-Larson
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
| | - Stephen White
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Leah D Gillis
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Miami, FL 33125, USA
| | - Michael J Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Jaclyn Kwal
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Paola K Lichtenberger
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Diogo M Magnani
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA; MassBiologics, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Boston, MA 02126, USA
| | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Davidson H Hamer
- Department of Global Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02118, USA; Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Lauren M Gardner
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; Department of Civil Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - T Alex Perkins
- Department of Biological Sciences and Eck Institute for Global Health, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Guy Baele
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kamran Khan
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Andrea Morrison
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, FL 32399, USA
| | - Sharon Isern
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA
| | - Scott F Michael
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, FL 33965, USA.
| | - Kristian G Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Scripps Research Translational Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Griffin I, Martin SW, Fischer M, Chambers TV, Kosoy O, Falise A, Ponomareva O, Gillis LD, Blackmore C, Jean R. Zika Virus IgM Detection and Neutralizing Antibody Profiles 12-19 Months after Illness Onset. Emerg Infect Dis 2019; 25:299-303. [PMID: 30666931 PMCID: PMC6346474 DOI: 10.3201/eid2502.181286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Data on the duration of detectable Zika virus–specific IgM in infected persons are limited. Neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity occurs between Zika virus and related flaviviruses, but the degree to which this confounds diagnosis is uncertain. We tested serum specimens collected 12–19 months after illness onset from patients with confirmed Zika virus disease for Zika virus IgM and Zika virus and dengue virus neutralizing antibodies. Among 62 participants, 45 (73%) had detectable Zika virus IgM and 12 (19%) had an equivocal result. Although all patients tested had Zika virus neutralizing antibodies, 39 (63%) also had neutralizing antibodies against dengue virus; of those, 12 (19%) had <4-fold difference between Zika virus and dengue virus titers, and 5 (8%) had dengue virus titer >4-fold higher than Zika virus titer. Prolonged detection of IgM and neutralizing antibody cross-reactivity make it difficult to determine the timing of Zika virus infection and differentiate between related flaviviruses.
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Griffin I, Zhang G, Fernandez D, Cordero C, Logue T, White SL, Llau A, Thomas L, Moore E, Noya-Chaveco P, Etienne M, Rojas M, Goldberg C, Rodriguez G, Mejia-Echeverry A, Rico E, Gillis LD, Cone M, Jean R, Rivera L. Epidemiology of Pediatric Zika Virus Infections. Pediatrics 2017; 140:peds.2017-2044. [PMID: 29093135 DOI: 10.1542/peds.2017-2044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In July 2016, local transmission of Zika virus (ZIKV) was announced in Miami-Dade County, Florida. In this report, we describe the epidemiology of pediatric ZIKV infections in locally acquired and travel-associated cases. METHODS All children aged 1 to 17 years tested for ZIKV between October 1, 2015, and March 29, 2017, were included. SAS 9.4 was used to analyze age, sex, race and/or ethnicity, origin of exposure, onset date, affiliation with a household cluster, clinical symptoms, hospitalizations, viremia, viruria, and antibody detection in specimens. RESULTS Among 478 confirmed ZIKV cases in Miami-Dade County, 33 (6.9%) occurred in children (1-17 years). Twenty-seven (82.3%) cases were travel-associated. The median age of a pediatric Zika case patient was 11 years. Seventeen (51.5%) case patients were boys, and 23 (69.9%) were Hispanic. Among 31 symptomatic cases, all reported having rash, 25 (80.6%) reported fever, 9 (29.0%) reported conjunctivitis, and 7 (22.6%) reported arthralgia. Sixteen (48.5%) cases reported 2 of 4 and 8 (24.2%) reported 3 of 4 main symptoms. CONCLUSIONS This report found that the majority of children identified during the 2016 ZIKV outbreak only presented with 2 of the 4 main symptoms. In addition, pediatric ZIKV cases were frequently associated with symptomatic household members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Griffin
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Guoyan Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Danielle Fernandez
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Christina Cordero
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Teresa Logue
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Stephen L White
- Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, Florida
| | - Anthoni Llau
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Lakisha Thomas
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Emily Moore
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Pedro Noya-Chaveco
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Marie Etienne
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Mercedes Rojas
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Cynthia Goldberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Genevie Rodriguez
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Alvaro Mejia-Echeverry
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Edhelene Rico
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Leah D Gillis
- Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, Florida
| | - Marshall Cone
- Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Miami, Florida
| | - Reynald Jean
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
| | - Lillian Rivera
- Department of Epidemiology, Disease Control, and Immunization Services, Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida; and
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6
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Grubaugh ND, Ladner JT, Kraemer MUG, Dudas G, Tan AL, Gangavarapu K, Wiley MR, White S, Thézé J, Magnani DM, Prieto K, Reyes D, Bingham AM, Paul LM, Robles-Sikisaka R, Oliveira G, Pronty D, Barcellona CM, Metsky HC, Baniecki ML, Barnes KG, Chak B, Freije CA, Gladden-Young A, Gnirke A, Luo C, MacInnis B, Matranga CB, Park DJ, Qu J, Schaffner SF, Tomkins-Tinch C, West KL, Winnicki SM, Wohl S, Yozwiak NL, Quick J, Fauver JR, Khan K, Brent SE, Reiner RC, Lichtenberger PN, Ricciardi MJ, Bailey VK, Watkins DI, Cone MR, Kopp EW, Hogan KN, Cannons AC, Jean R, Monaghan AJ, Garry RF, Loman NJ, Faria NR, Porcelli MC, Vasquez C, Nagle ER, Cummings DAT, Stanek D, Rambaut A, Sanchez-Lockhart M, Sabeti PC, Gillis LD, Michael SF, Bedford T, Pybus OG, Isern S, Palacios G, Andersen KG. Genomic epidemiology reveals multiple introductions of Zika virus into the United States. Nature 2017; 546:401-405. [PMID: 28538723 PMCID: PMC5536180 DOI: 10.1038/nature22400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 232] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is causing an unprecedented epidemic linked to severe congenital abnormalities. In July 2016, mosquito-borne ZIKV transmission was reported in the continental United States; since then, hundreds of locally acquired infections have been reported in Florida. To gain insights into the timing, source, and likely route(s) of ZIKV introduction, we tracked the virus from its first detection in Florida by sequencing ZIKV genomes from infected patients and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. We show that at least 4 introductions, but potentially as many as 40, contributed to the outbreak in Florida and that local transmission is likely to have started in the spring of 2016-several months before its initial detection. By analysing surveillance and genetic data, we show that ZIKV moved among transmission zones in Miami. Our analyses show that most introductions were linked to the Caribbean, a finding corroborated by the high incidence rates and traffic volumes from the region into the Miami area. Our study provides an understanding of how ZIKV initiates transmission in new regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan D Grubaugh
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Jason T Ladner
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Moritz U G Kraemer
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
- Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Gytis Dudas
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Amanda L Tan
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, USA
| | - Karthik Gangavarapu
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Michael R Wiley
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Stephen White
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Miami, Florida 33125, USA
| | - Julien Thézé
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Diogo M Magnani
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Karla Prieto
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
- College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Daniel Reyes
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Andrea M Bingham
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, Florida 32399, USA
| | - Lauren M Paul
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, USA
| | - Refugio Robles-Sikisaka
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Glenn Oliveira
- Scripps Translational Science Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Darryl Pronty
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Miami, Florida 33125, USA
| | - Carolyn M Barcellona
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, USA
| | - Hayden C Metsky
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Mary Lynn Baniecki
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Kayla G Barnes
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bridget Chak
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Catherine A Freije
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | - Andreas Gnirke
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Cynthia Luo
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bronwyn MacInnis
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | - Daniel J Park
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - James Qu
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | | | - Kendra L West
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Sarah M Winnicki
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Shirlee Wohl
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Nathan L Yozwiak
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Joshua Quick
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Joseph R Fauver
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Kamran Khan
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Shannon E Brent
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Robert C Reiner
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98121, USA
| | - Paola N Lichtenberger
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Michael J Ricciardi
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Varian K Bailey
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - David I Watkins
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA
| | - Marshall R Cone
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Edgar W Kopp
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Kelly N Hogan
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Andrew C Cannons
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA
| | - Reynald Jean
- Florida Department of Health in Miami-Dade County, Miami, Florida 33125, USA
| | - Andrew J Monaghan
- National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado 80307, USA
| | - Robert F Garry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA
| | - Nicholas J Loman
- Institute of Microbiology and Infection, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Nuno R Faria
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | | | | | - Elyse R Nagle
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Derek A T Cummings
- Department of Biology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Danielle Stanek
- Bureau of Epidemiology, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Tallahassee, Florida 32399, USA
| | - Andrew Rambaut
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK
- Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Mariano Sanchez-Lockhart
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198, USA
| | - Pardis C Sabeti
- The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, Maryland 20815, USA
| | - Leah D Gillis
- Bureau of Public Health Laboratories, Division of Disease Control and Health Protection, Florida Department of Health, Miami, Florida 33125, USA
| | - Scott F Michael
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, USA
| | - Trevor Bedford
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA
| | - Oliver G Pybus
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Sharon Isern
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Florida Gulf Coast University, Fort Myers, Florida 33965, USA
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- Center for Genome Sciences, US Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Kristian G Andersen
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Scripps Translational Science Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Gillis LD, Pendley DS, Funkhouser JD. The major APN transcript of the alveolar type II epithelial cell originates from a unique upstream promoter region. Biochim Biophys Acta 1998; 1399:126-40. [PMID: 9765589 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-4781(98)00095-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aminopeptidase N (APN, EC 3.4.11.2) is an ectopeptidase expressed in lung at the apical surface of alveolar type II epithelial cells. Its expression is upregulated during fetal lung development. To begin to understand the regulation of APN expression during lung development, we used the rapid modification of cDNA ends (RACE) to clone the 5' end of the major APN transcript in rat lung and alveolar type II cells. The cloned sequence revealed a unique 135 bp untranslated exon which genomic cloning and restriction mapping indicated was located more than 14 kb upstream from the coding sequence. A 172 bp genomic fragment flanking the untranslated exon produced a high level of expression of a reporter gene in transient transfection assays using a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line. The DNA fragment includes elements known to be important for expression of lung specific proteins, including the surfactant-associated proteins A, B, and C and the Clara cell specific protein. Comparison of the APN genomic sequences and gene structure from human and rat suggests that the exon present in the rat lung transcript may result from the use of a previously uncharacterized APN promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- L D Gillis
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile 36688, USA
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Coggin JH, Gillis LD, Payne WJ. Differential extraction of tumor-specific transplantation antigen and embryonic antigen from simian virus 40- and adenovirus 7-induced sarcoma cells of hamsters with 1-butanol and 3 M potassium chloride. J Natl Cancer Inst 1984; 72:853-62. [PMID: 6323810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Simian virus 40 (SV40)-induced sarcomas and adenovirus 7-induced sarcomas (Adv-7) exhibit both specific tumor-specific transplantation antigens (TSTA) and cross-protective embryonic antigens at the cell surface in the LAK:LVG(SYR) strain of Syrian golden hamsters. Specific SV40 TSTA could be released from the surfaces of living hamster sarcoma cells in a 2.5% crude 1-butanol extract (CBE) and served as immunogen to protect syngeneic recipients against subsequent homologous but not heterologous tumor cell challenge. The CBE-extracted SV40-induced TSTA (tumor-specific) was observed to be free of detectable, cross-protective embryonic antigens (EA) by tumor transplantation assays. The induction of cytotoxic lymphocyte-mediated immunity with the CBE-released TSTA was dependent on the administration of a single sensitizing injection of 12-20 micrograms antigen protein. Higher concentrations (50-1,000 micrograms) of the CBE tumor cell extract, given in a single injection, enhanced tumor growth as did two injections of 12.5 micrograms CBE-extracted SV40-induced TSTA at 1-week intervals. A cross-protective antigen(s), not detected in the CBE tumor extracts, was retained in the intact, 1-butanol-extracted SV40 and Adv-7-induced tumor cell lines after completion of the CBE extraction procedure and in similarly extracted 10-day hamster fetal cells. Some alterations in the normal immunogenicity of EA extracted with CBE followed by KCI from SV40-induced sarcoma cells could be detected in the transplantation assays and lymphocyte transformation assays, whereas EA extracted from CBE-KCI-treated Adv-7 cells or 10-day hamster fetal cells retained normal immunogenicity in vivo and in vitro. These procedures provide a means for successful separation of immunogenic SV40- and Adv-7-induced TSTA from detectable, biologically active, cross-protective EA from the surfaces of these sarcoma cells.
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