1
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Lebek S, Caravia XM, Straub LG, Alzhanov D, Tan W, Li H, McAnally JR, Chen K, Xu L, Scherer PE, Liu N, Bassel-Duby R, Olson EN. CRISPR-Cas9 base editing of pathogenic CaMKIIδ improves cardiac function in a humanized mouse model. J Clin Invest 2024; 134:e175164. [PMID: 37856214 PMCID: PMC10760954 DOI: 10.1172/jci175164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of worldwide morbidity and mortality, highlighting the necessity for advanced therapeutic strategies. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IIδ (CaMKIIδ) is a prominent inducer of various cardiac disorders, which is mediated by 2 oxidation-sensitive methionine residues within the regulatory domain. We have previously shown that ablation of CaMKIIδ oxidation by CRISPR-Cas9 base editing enables the heart to recover function from otherwise severe damage following ischemia/reperfusion (IR) injury. Here, we extended this therapeutic concept toward potential clinical translation. We generated a humanized CAMK2D knockin mouse model in which the genomic sequence encoding the entire regulatory domain was replaced with the human sequence. This enabled comparison and optimization of two different editing strategies for the human genome in mice. To edit CAMK2D in vivo, we packaged the optimized editing components into an engineered myotropic adeno-associated virus (MyoAAV 2A), which enabled efficient delivery at a very low AAV dose into the humanized mice at the time of IR injury. CAMK2D-edited mice recovered cardiac function, showed improved exercise performance, and were protected from myocardial fibrosis, which was otherwise observed in injured control mice after IR. Our findings identify a potentially effective strategy for cardioprotection in response to oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lebek
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Xurde M. Caravia
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Damir Alzhanov
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Wei Tan
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - John R. McAnally
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Kenian Chen
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Lin Xu
- Quantitative Biomedical Research Center, Peter O’Donnell Jr. School of Public Health, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Ning Liu
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Rhonda Bassel-Duby
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - Eric N. Olson
- Department of Molecular Biology and
- Hamon Center for Regenerative Science and Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
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2
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Efthymiou V, Ding L, Balaz M, Sun W, Balazova L, Straub LG, Dong H, Simon E, Ghosh A, Perdikari A, Keller S, Ghoshdastider U, Horvath C, Moser C, Hamilton B, Neubauer H, Wolfrum C. Inhibition of AXL receptor tyrosine kinase enhances brown adipose tissue functionality in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4162. [PMID: 37443109 PMCID: PMC10344962 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39715-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The current obesity epidemic and high prevalence of metabolic diseases necessitate efficacious and safe treatments. Brown adipose tissue in this context is a promising target with the potential to increase energy expenditure, however no pharmacological treatments activating brown adipose tissue are currently available. Here, we identify AXL receptor tyrosine kinase as a regulator of adipose function. Pharmacological and genetic inhibition of AXL enhance thermogenic capacity of brown and white adipocytes, in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, these effects are mediated through inhibition of PI3K/AKT/PDE signaling pathway, resulting in induction of nuclear FOXO1 localization and increased intracellular cAMP levels via PDE3/4 inhibition and subsequent stimulation of the PKA-ATF2 pathway. In line with this, both constitutive Axl deletion as well as inducible adipocyte-specific Axl deletion protect animals from diet-induced obesity concomitant with increases in energy expenditure. Based on these data, we propose AXL receptor as a target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vissarion Efthymiou
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Joslin Diabetes Center, Section of Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Research Division, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lianggong Ding
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Metabolism, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Wenfei Sun
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Lucia Balazova
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Metabolism, Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Leon G Straub
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Institute of Child Nutrition, Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Hua Dong
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Eric Simon
- Department of Global Computational Biology and Digital Sciences, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Adhideb Ghosh
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Aliki Perdikari
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Svenja Keller
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Mechanisms of Inherited Kidney Diseases Group, Institute of Physiology, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Umesh Ghoshdastider
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Carla Horvath
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Moser
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Bradford Hamilton
- Department of CardioMetabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Heike Neubauer
- Department of CardioMetabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- ETH Zürich - Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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3
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Straub LG, Scherer PE. Insulin sensitive human adipocytes for in vitro studies. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2022; 18:591-592. [PMID: 35896823 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-022-00727-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Cell Biology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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4
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Moser C, Straub LG, Rachamin Y, Wolfrum C. Quantification of adipocyte numbers in transgenic mice via the Cre-LoxP recombination sites. STAR Protoc 2021; 2:100761. [PMID: 34467230 PMCID: PMC8385114 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2021.100761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This protocol describes a method to assess adipocyte numbers within a specific depot based on their inducible genomic label. By extracting DNA from a complete adipose tissue depot stemming from two transgenic mouse lines (Adipoq-CreERT2 x ROSA26-tdRFP and Ucp1-CreERT2 x ROSA26-tdRFP), the number of adipocytes can be determined based on the quantification of the recombined LoxPRed sites. This highly sensitive system allows for the quantification of white, brown, and brite/beige adipocytes in a spatially unbiased and size-independent manner. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Moser et al. (2021). Employ transgenic mouse lines to label specific genomic sites in adipocytes Isolate genomic DNA from a complete adipose tissue depot Quantify adipocytes number, based on the genomic labels The principle of the protocol can be adapted to other transgenic mouse lines and cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moser
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Yael Rachamin
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
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5
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Zhang Z, Funcke JB, Zi Z, Zhao S, Straub LG, Zhu Y, Zhu Q, Crewe C, An YA, Chen S, Li N, Wang MY, Ghaben AL, Lee C, Gautron L, Engelking LJ, Raj P, Deng Y, Gordillo R, Kusminski CM, Scherer PE. Adipocyte iron levels impinge on a fat-gut crosstalk to regulate intestinal lipid absorption and mediate protection from obesity. Cell Metab 2021; 33:1624-1639.e9. [PMID: 34174197 PMCID: PMC8338877 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2021.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron overload is positively associated with diabetes risk. However, the role of iron in adipose tissue remains incompletely understood. Here, we report that transferrin-receptor-1-mediated iron uptake is differentially required for distinct subtypes of adipocytes. Notably, adipocyte-specific transferrin receptor 1 deficiency substantially protects mice from high-fat-diet-induced metabolic disorders. Mechanistically, low cellular iron levels have a positive impact on the health of the white adipose tissue and can restrict lipid absorption from the intestine through modulation of vesicular transport in enterocytes following high-fat diet feeding. Specific reduction of adipocyte iron by AAV-mediated overexpression of the iron exporter Ferroportin1 in adult mice effectively mimics these protective effects. In summary, our studies highlight an important role of adipocyte iron in the maintenance of systemic metabolism through an adipocyte-enterocyte axis, offering an additional level of control over caloric influx into the system after feeding by regulating intestinal lipid absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuzhen Zhang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jan-Bernd Funcke
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Zhenzhen Zi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shangang Zhao
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Leon G Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qingzhang Zhu
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Clair Crewe
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yu A An
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Shiuhwei Chen
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Na Li
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - May-Yun Wang
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Alexandra L Ghaben
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Charlotte Lee
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Laurent Gautron
- Center for Hypothalamic Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Luke J Engelking
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Yingfeng Deng
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ruth Gordillo
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Christine M Kusminski
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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6
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Moser C, Straub LG, Rachamin Y, Dapito DH, Kulenkampff E, Ding L, Sun W, Modica S, Balaz M, Wolfrum C. Quantification of adipocyte numbers following adipose tissue remodeling. Cell Rep 2021; 35:109023. [PMID: 33909996 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To analyze the capacity of white and brown adipose tissue remodeling, we developed two mouse lines to label, quantitatively trace, and ablate white, brown, and brite/beige adipocytes at different ambient temperatures. We show here that the brown adipocytes are recruited first and reach a peak after 1 week of cold stimulation followed by a decline during prolonged cold exposure. On the contrary, brite/beige cell numbers plateau after 3 weeks of cold exposure. At thermoneutrality, brown adipose tissue, in spite of being masked by a white-like morphology, retains its brown-like physiology, as Ucp1+ cells can be recovered immediately upon beta3-adrenergic stimulation. We further demonstrate that the recruitment of Ucp1+ cells in response to cold is driven by existing adipocytes. In contrast, the regeneration of the interscapular brown adipose tissue following ablation of Ucp1+ cells is driven by de novo differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Moser
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Yael Rachamin
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Elisabeth Kulenkampff
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Lianggong Ding
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Modica
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule Zürich (ETH), Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland.
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7
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Straub LG, Efthymiou V, Grandl G, Balaz M, Challa TD, Truscello L, Horvath C, Moser C, Rachamin Y, Arnold M, Sun W, Modica S, Wolfrum C. Antioxidants protect against diabetes by improving glucose homeostasis in mouse models of inducible insulin resistance and obesity. Diabetologia 2019; 62:2094-2105. [PMID: 31309261 PMCID: PMC6805816 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-019-4937-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS In the context of diabetes, the health benefit of antioxidant treatment has been widely debated. In this study, we investigated the effect of antioxidant treatment during the development of insulin resistance and hyperphagia in obesity and partial lipodystrophy. METHODS We studied the role of antioxidants in the regulation of insulin resistance using the tamoxifen-inducible fat-specific insulin receptor knockout (iFIRKO) mouse model, which allowed us to analyse the antioxidant's effect in a time-resolved manner. In addition, leptin-deficient ob/ob mice were used as a hyperphagic, chronically obese and diabetic mouse model to validate the beneficial effect of antioxidants on metabolism. RESULTS Acute induction of insulin receptor knockout in adipocytes changed the substrate preference to fat before induction of a diabetic phenotype including hyperinsulinaemia and hyperglycaemia. In healthy chow-fed animals as well as in morbidly obese mice, this diabetic phase could be reversed within a few weeks. Furthermore, after the induction of insulin receptor knockout in mature adipocytes, iFIRKO mice were protected from subsequent obesity development through high-fat diet feeding. By genetic tracing we show that the persistent fat mass loss in mice after insulin receptor knockout in adipocytes is not caused by the depletion of adipocytes. Treatment of iFIRKO mice with antioxidants postponed and reduced hyperglycaemia by increasing insulin sensitivity. In ob/ob mice, antioxidants rescued both hyperglycaemia and hyperphagia. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION We conclude that fat mass reduction through insulin resistance in adipocytes is not reversible. Furthermore, it seems unlikely that adipocytes undergo apoptosis during the process of extreme lipolysis, as a consequence of insulin resistance. Antioxidants have a beneficial health effect not only during the acute phase of diabetes development, but also in a temporary fashion once chronic obesity and diabetes have been established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Straub
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vissarion Efthymiou
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
- Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Tenagne Delessa Challa
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Luca Truscello
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Carla Horvath
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Moser
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Yael Rachamin
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Myrtha Arnold
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Modica
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, ETH Zürich, CH-8603, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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Abstract
Adiponectin is one of the most widely studied adipokines to date. First described in the mid-1990's, studying its regulation, biogenesis and physiological effects has proven to be extremely insightful and improved our understanding of the mechanisms that ensure systemic metabolic homeostasis. Here, we provide a brief overview of the current state of the field with respect to adiponectin, its history, sites and mechanisms of action, and the critical questions that will need to be addressed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Straub
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Philipp E Scherer
- Touchstone Diabetes Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
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9
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Sun W, Dong H, Becker AS, Dapito DH, Modica S, Grandl G, Opitz L, Efthymiou V, Straub LG, Sarker G, Balaz M, Balazova L, Perdikari A, Kiehlmann E, Bacanovic S, Zellweger C, Peleg-Raibstein D, Pelczar P, Reik W, Burger IA, von Meyenn F, Wolfrum C. Publisher Correction: Cold-induced epigenetic programming of the sperm enhances brown adipose tissue activity in the offspring. Nat Med 2018; 24:1777. [PMID: 30087436 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-018-0163-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In the version of this article originally published, the bars in the mean temperature graph in Fig. 1a were incorrectly aligned. The left-most bar should have been aligned with the Apr label on the projected month of conception axis. The error has been corrected in the print, PDF and HTML versions of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenfei Sun
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Hua Dong
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Anton S Becker
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.,Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dianne H Dapito
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Modica
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Gerald Grandl
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Lennart Opitz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.,Functional Genomics Center Zurich, ETH Zurich-University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Vissarion Efthymiou
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Gitalee Sarker
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Lucia Balazova
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Aliki Perdikari
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Elke Kiehlmann
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Sara Bacanovic
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Zellweger
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Pawel Pelczar
- Center for Transgenic Models, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Wolf Reik
- Epigenetics Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.,Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Irene A Burger
- Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ferdinand von Meyenn
- Epigenetics Program, Babraham Institute, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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Heine M, Fischer AW, Schlein C, Jung C, Straub LG, Gottschling K, Mangels N, Yuan Y, Nilsson SK, Liebscher G, Chen O, Schreiber R, Zechner R, Scheja L, Heeren J. Lipolysis Triggers a Systemic Insulin Response Essential for Efficient Energy Replenishment of Activated Brown Adipose Tissue in Mice. Cell Metab 2018; 28:644-655.e4. [PMID: 30033199 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The coordination of the organ-specific responses regulating systemic energy distribution to replenish lipid stores in acutely activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) remains elusive. Here, we show that short-term cold exposure or acute β3-adrenergic receptor (β3AR) stimulation results in secretion of the anabolic hormone insulin. This process is diminished in adipocyte-specific Atgl-/- mice, indicating that lipolysis in white adipose tissue (WAT) promotes insulin secretion. Inhibition of pancreatic β cells abolished uptake of lipids delivered by triglyceride-rich lipoproteins into activated BAT. Both increased lipid uptake into BAT and whole-body energy expenditure in response to β3AR stimulation were blunted in mice treated with the insulin receptor antagonist S961 or lacking the insulin receptor in brown adipocytes. In conclusion, we introduce the concept that acute cold and β3AR stimulation trigger a systemic response involving WAT, β cells, and BAT, which is essential for insulin-dependent fuel uptake and adaptive thermogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Heine
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander W Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schlein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Caroline Jung
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH-Zürich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Kristina Gottschling
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nils Mangels
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yucheng Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Stefan K Nilsson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gudrun Liebscher
- Biocenter, Division of Cell Biology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ou Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, 324 Brook Street, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - Renate Schreiber
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Rudolf Zechner
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Ludger Scheja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joerg Heeren
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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11
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Abstract
The histone lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a new and important player in the regulation of brown fat identity and function. In a recent Cell Reports article, Duteil et al. show that LSD1 exerts its effects via regulation of specific histone marks as well as through association with co-repressor complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition, and Health, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Schorenstrasse 16, 8603 Schwerzenbach, Switzerland.
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12
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Modica S, Straub LG, Balaz M, Sun W, Varga L, Stefanicka P, Profant M, Simon E, Neubauer H, Ukropcova B, Ukropec J, Wolfrum C. Bmp4 Promotes a Brown to White-like Adipocyte Shift. Cell Rep 2016; 16:2243-2258. [PMID: 27524617 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.07.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Revised: 05/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While Bmp4 has a well-established role in the commitment of mesenchymal stem cells into the adipogenic lineage, its role in brown adipocyte formation and activity is not well defined. Here, we show that Bmp4 has a dual function in adipogenesis by inducing adipocyte commitment while inhibiting the acquisition of a brown phenotype during terminal differentiation. Selective brown adipose tissue overexpression of Bmp4 in mice induces a shift from a brown to a white-like adipocyte phenotype. This effect is mediated by Smad signaling and might be in part due to suppression of lipolysis, via regulation of hormone sensitive lipase expression linked to reduced Ppar activity. Given that we observed a strong correlation between BMP4 levels and adipocyte size, as well as insulin sensitivity in humans, we propose that Bmp4 is an important factor in the context of obesity and type 2 diabetes.
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MESH Headings
- Adipocytes, Brown/cytology
- Adipocytes, Brown/drug effects
- Adipocytes, Brown/metabolism
- Adipocytes, White/cytology
- Adipocytes, White/drug effects
- Adipocytes, White/metabolism
- Adipogenesis/drug effects
- Adipogenesis/genetics
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/cytology
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, Brown/metabolism
- Adipose Tissue, White/cytology
- Adipose Tissue, White/drug effects
- Adipose Tissue, White/metabolism
- Animals
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4/genetics
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4/metabolism
- Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4/pharmacology
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line, Transformed
- Cyclic AMP/pharmacology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/genetics
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Insulin Resistance
- Male
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/cytology
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/drug effects
- Mesenchymal Stem Cells/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/genetics
- Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors/metabolism
- Rosiglitazone
- Signal Transduction
- Smad Proteins/genetics
- Smad Proteins/metabolism
- Sterol Esterase/genetics
- Sterol Esterase/metabolism
- Thiazolidinediones/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Modica
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Science, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Science, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Science, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Wenfei Sun
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Science, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland
| | - Lukas Varga
- Obesity section of Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Patrik Stefanicka
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Milan Profant
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eric Simon
- Target Discovery Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, 88400 Biberach/Riss, Germany
| | - Heike Neubauer
- CardioMetabolic Diseases Research, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma, 88400 Biberach/Riss, Germany
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Obesity section of Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia; Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Ukropec
- Obesity section of Diabetes Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Biomedical Research Center at the Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Department of Health Science, Institute of Food Nutrition and Health, Laboratory of Translational Nutrition Biology, Schwerzenbach 8603, Switzerland.
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13
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Challa TD, Straub LG, Balaz M, Kiehlmann E, Donze O, Rudofsky G, Ukropec J, Ukropcova B, Wolfrum C. Regulation of De Novo Adipocyte Differentiation Through Cross Talk Between Adipocytes and Preadipocytes. Diabetes 2015; 64:4075-87. [PMID: 26340931 DOI: 10.2337/db14-1932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
There are many known adipokines differentially secreted from the different adipose depots; however, their paracrine and autocrine effects on de novo adipocyte formation are not fully understood. By developing a coculture method of preadipocytes with primary subcutaneous and visceral adipocytes or tissue explants, we could show that the total secretome inhibited preadipocyte differentiation. Using a proteomics approach with fractionated secretome samples, we were able to identify a spectrum of factors that either positively or negatively affected adipocyte formation. Among the secreted factors, Slc27a1, Vim, Cp, and Ecm1 promoted adipocyte differentiation, whereas Got2, Cpq, interleukin-1 receptor-like 1/ST2-IL-33, Sparc, and Lgals3bp decreased adipocyte differentiation. In human subcutaneous adipocytes of lean subjects, obese subjects, and obese subjects with type 2 diabetes, Vim and Slc27a1 expression was negatively correlated with adipocyte size and BMI and positively correlated with insulin sensitivity, while Sparc and Got2 showed the opposite trend. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Slc27a1 was increased upon weight loss in morbidly obese patients, while Sparc expression was reduced. Taken together, our findings identify adipokines that regulate adipocyte differentiation through positive or negative paracrine and autocrine feedback loop mechanisms, which could potentially affect whole-body energy metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tenagne D Challa
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Leon G Straub
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Miroslav Balaz
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | - Elke Kiehlmann
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jozef Ukropec
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Ukropcova
- Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia Institute of Pathological Physiology, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Christian Wolfrum
- Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Schwerzenbach, Switzerland
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