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Wang YF, Tian XY, Ji LN. [Innovative strategies and measures are required for effective prevention and control of the obesity epidemic and for promoting healthy lifestyles]. Zhonghua Xin Xue Guan Bing Za Zhi 2024; 52:7-9. [PMID: 38220451 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112148-20231108-00423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Y F Wang
- Global Health Institute, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, China
| | - X Y Tian
- Chinese Center for Health Education, Beijing 100011, China
| | - L N Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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2
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Wang ZH, Ren Q, Liu GL, Zhou LL, Ba TH, Han XY, Ji LN. [Individualized treatment of glucokinase-maturity-onset diabetes of the young with pregnancy and analysis of glycemic variability during pregnancy: a case report]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2023; 62:91-94. [PMID: 36631043 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20220511-00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Z H Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Q Ren
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - G L Liu
- Department of Obstetrics, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L L Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - T H Ba
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X Y Han
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L N Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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3
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Zhu BC, He J, Liu W, Xia XY, Liu LY, Liang BB, Yao HG, Liu B, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Selectivity and Targeting of G-Quadruplex Binders Activated by Adaptive Binding and Controlled by Chemical Kinetics. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:15340-15343. [PMID: 33899272 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202104624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
G-quadruplexes (G4s) are prevalent in oncogenes and are potential antitumor drug targets. However, binding selectivity of compounds to G4s still faces challenges. Herein, we report a platinum(II) complex (Pt1), whose affinity to G4-DNA is activated by adaptive binding and selectivity controlled by binding kinetics. The resolved structure of Pt1/VEGF-G4 (a promoter G4) shows that Pt1 matches 3'-G-tetrad of VEGF-G4 through Cl- -dissociation and loop rearrangement of VEGF-G4. Binding rate constants are determined by coordination bond breakage/formation, correlating fully with affinities. The selective rate-determining binding step, Cl- -dissociation upon G4-binding, is 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than dsDNA. Pt1 potently targets G4 in living cells, effectively represses VEGF expression, and inhibits vascular growth in zebrafish. We show adaptive G4-binding activation and controlled by kinetics, providing a complementary design principle for compounds targeting G4 or similar biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Chen Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China.,School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Changmingshui Avenue 9-13, 528458, Zhongshan, China
| | - Wenting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu-Yi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing-Bing Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua-Gang Yao
- School of Pharmaceutical and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Changmingshui Avenue 9-13, 528458, Zhongshan, China
| | - Bing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, 510275, Guangzhou, China
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Li SM, Wang YA, Liu W, Wu ZY, Chen L, Cai XL, Zhang R, Yang WJ, Liu Y, Ma YM, Gong SQ, Zhang SM, Ren Q, Han XY, Ji LN. [Urinary retinol binding protein and β 2-microglobulin were associated with urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and renal function in hospitalized diabetic patients]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2021; 60:438-445. [PMID: 33906273 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112138-20200515-00483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To explore the associations of urinary retinol binding protein (RBP) and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) with urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) and renal function in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A total of 1 030 Chinese patients with T2DM were included in this study. The subjects were divided into the UACR normal group (<30 mg/g), microalbuminuria group (30-300 mg/g) and macroalbuminuria group (>300 mg/g). Patients with normal UACR were further divided into two groups according to the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR): the eGFR low group (<90 ml·min-1·1.73m-2) and the normal eGFR group (≥90 ml·min-1·1.73m-2). Urine RBP and β2-MG levels among the groups were compared. Multiple linear regression analyses were applied to evaluate risk factors of urine RBP and β2-MG. Results: In all patients (n=1 030), urine RBP and β2-MG increased gradually with the increase of UACR across the three groups, the proportions of abnormal urine RBP (>0.7 mg/L) and β2-MG (>370 μg/L) in these groups were 3.8%, 8.5%, 39.0% (P<0.001), and 12.9%, 26.7%, 46.8% (P<0.001), respectively. In the UACR normal group (n=788), 12.2% of the patients were with eGFR<90 ml·min-1·1.73m-2. The proportion of abnormal β2-MG (>370 μg/L) was higher in the eGFR low group than that in the eGFR normal group (29.2% vs. 10.7%, P<0.001). Multivariate linear stepwise regression analyses were performed using natural logarithm of urine RBP or β2-MG as dependent variable, and showed that urine RBP was independently associated with UACR (β=0.0005, P<0.001), serum creatinine (β=0.006, P<0.001) and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c (β=0.050, P=0.001), and β2-MG was independently correlated with UACR (β=0.000 4, P<0.001), serum creatinine (β=0.011, P<0.001), systolic blood pressure (β=0.005, P=0.031) and fasting blood-glucose (β=0.027, P=0.046). Conclusions: Urine RBP and β2-MG are positively associated with high UACR and impaired renal function in T2DM patients, and these changes could occur before UACR and eGFR turned out to be abnormal. It is recommended that urine RBP and β2-MG be detected as early as possible to identify diabetic kidney disease in patients with normal UACR and eGFR.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Li
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y A Wang
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - W Liu
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Z Y Wu
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L Chen
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X L Cai
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - R Zhang
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - W J Yang
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Liu
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y M Ma
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S Q Gong
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - S M Zhang
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Q Ren
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X Y Han
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L N Ji
- Departments of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Peking University Diabetes Center, Beijing 100044, China
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Tan CP, Zhong YM, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Phosphorescent metal complexes as theranostic anticancer agents: combining imaging and therapy in a single molecule. Chem Sci 2021; 12:2357-2367. [PMID: 34164000 PMCID: PMC8179279 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06885c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorescent metal complexes are a new kind of multifunctional antitumor compounds that can integrate imaging and antitumor functions in a single molecule. In this minireview, we summarize the recent research progress in this field, concentrating on the theranostic applications of phosphorescent iridium(iii), ruthenium(ii) and rhenium(i) complexes. The molecular design that affords these complexes with tumour- or subcellular organelle-targeting properties is elucidated. The potential of these complexes to induce and monitor the dynamic behavior of subcellular organelles and the changes in microenvironment during the process of therapy is demonstrated. Moreover, the potential and advantages of applying new technologies, such as super-resolution imaging and phosphorescence lifetime imaging, are also described. Finally, the challenges faced in the development of novel theranostic metallo-anticancer complexes for possible clinical translation are proposed. The recent development in phosphorescent iridium, ruthenium and rhenium complexes as theranostic anticancer agents is summarized.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Yan-Mei Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University Guangzhou 510275 China
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Zheng Y, Ling Y, Zhang DY, Tan CP, Zhang H, Yang GG, Wang H, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Regulating Tumor N 6 -Methyladenosine Methylation Landscape using Hypoxia-Modulating OsS x Nanoparticles. Small 2021; 17:e2005086. [PMID: 33284508 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The epigenetic dysregulation and hypoxia are two important factors that drive tumor malignancy, and N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) in mRNA is involved in the regulation of gene expression. Herein, a nanocatalyst OsSx -PEG (PEG = poly(ethylene glycol)) nanoparticles (NPs) as O2 modulator is developed to improve tumor hypoxia. OsSx -PEG NPs can significantly downregulate genes involved in hypoxia pathway. Interestingly, OsSx -PEG NPs elevate RNA m6 A methylation levels to cause the m6 A-dependent mRNA degradation of the hypoxia-related genes. Moreover, OsSx -PEG NPs can regulate the expression of RNA m6 A methyltransferases and demethylases. Finally, DOX@OsSx -PEG (DOX = doxorubicin; utilized as a model drug) NPs modulate tumor hypoxia and regulate mRNA m6 A methylation of hypoxia-related genes in vivo. As the first report about relationship between catalytic nanomaterials and RNA modifications, the research opens a new avenue for unveiling the underlying action mechanisms of hypoxia-modulating nanomaterials and shows potential of regulating RNA modification to overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yuyi Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Yang GG, Pan ZY, Zhang DY, Cao Q, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Precisely Assembled Nanoparticles against Cisplatin Resistance via Cancer-Specific Targeting of Mitochondria and Imaging-Guided Chemo-Photothermal Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:43444-43455. [PMID: 32883070 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin resistance in tumor cells is known mainly due to the reduced accumulation of platinum ions by efflux, detoxification by intracellular GSH, and nucleotide excision repair machinery-mediated nuclear DNA repair. In this work, theranostic Pt(IV)-NPs, which are precisely self-assembled by biotin-labeled Pt(IV) prodrug derivative and cyclodextrin-functionalized IR780 in a 1:1 molecular ratio, have been developed for addressing all these hurdles via mitochondria-targeted chemotherapy solely or chemophotothermal therapy. In these nanoparticles, IR780 as a small-molecule dye acts as a mitochondria-targeting ligand to make Pt(IV)-NPs relocate finally in the mitochondria and release cisplatin. As demonstrated by in vitro and in vivo experiments, Pt(IV)-NPs can markedly facilitate cancer-specific mitochondrial targeting, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage, thus greatly increasing the Pt accumulation, reducing the GSH levels, and avoiding DNA repair machinery in cisplatin-resistant cancer cells (A549R), finally resulting in significant inhibition of A549R tumor growth on animal models by chemotherapy solely. Upon near-infrared irradiation, mitochondria-targeted chemophotothermal synergistic therapy can be realized, further overcoming cisplatin resistance and even eliminating A549R tumors completely. Moreover, such novel Pt(IV)-NPs integrate multimodal targeting (cancer and mitochondria targeting), imaging (near-infrared imaging and photoacoustic imaging), and therapeutic (chemo- and photothermal therapy) moieties in a constant ratio (1:1:1) into a single, reproducible, and structurally homogeneous entity, avoiding nonuniform drug loading and premature leakage as well as the discrete steps of imaging and therapy, which thus is more beneficial for precise therapeutics and future clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Yin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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Muhammad N, Tan CP, Nawaz U, Wang J, Wang FX, Nasreen S, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Multiaction Platinum(IV) Prodrug Containing Thymidylate Synthase Inhibitor and Metabolic Modifier against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:12632-12642. [PMID: 32838518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Multifunctional platinumIV anticancer prodrugs have the potential to enrich the anticancer properties and overcome the clinical problems of drug resistance and side effects of platinumII anticancer agents. Herein, we develop dual and triple action platinumIV complexes with targeted and biological active functionalities. One complex (PFL) that consists of cisplatin, tegafur, and lonidamine exhibits strong cytotoxicity against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. Cellular uptake and distribution studies reveal that PFL mainly accumulates in mitochondria. As a result, PFL disrupts the mitochondrial ultrastructure and induces significant alterations in the mitochondrial membrane potential, which further leads to an increase in production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in ATP synthesis in MDA-MB-231 TNBCs. Western blot analysis reveals the formation of ternary complex of thymidylate synthase, which shows the intracellular conversion of tegafur into 5-FU after its release from PFL. Furthermore, treatment with PFL impairs the mitochondrial function, leading to the inhibition of glycolysis and mitochondrial respiration and induction of apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway. The RNA-sequencing experiment shows that PFL can perturb the pathways involved in DNA synthesis, DNA damage, metabolism, and transcriptional activity. These findings demonstrate that PFL intervenes in several cellular processes including DNA damage, thymidylate synthase inhibition, and perturbation of the mitochondrial bioenergetics to kill the cancer cells. The results highlight the significance of a triple-action prodrug for efficient anticancer therapy for TNBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Muhammad
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Uroosa Nawaz
- Department of Surgery, P.O.F. Hospital, Wah Cantt 47040, Pakistan
| | - Jie Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Sadia Nasreen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, University of Engineering & Technology (UET), Taxila 47080, Pakistan
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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Pan ZY, Tan CP, Rao LS, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Hao L, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Recoding the Cancer Epigenome by Intervening in Metabolism and Iron Homeostasis with Mitochondria-Targeted Rhenium(I) Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18755-18762. [PMID: 32634290 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202008624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The development and malignancy of cancer cells are closely related to the changes of the epigenome. In this work, a mitochondria-targeted rhenium(I) complex (DFX-Re3), integrating the clinical iron chelating agent deferasirox (DFX), has been designed. By relocating iron to the mitochondria and changing the key metabolic species related to epigenetic modifications, DFX-Re3 can elevate the methylation levels of histone, DNA, and RNA. As a consequence, DFX-Re3 affects the events related to apoptosis, RNA polymerases, and T-cell receptor signaling pathways. Finally, it is shown that DFX-Re3 induces immunogenic apoptotic cell death and exhibits potent antitumor activity in vivo. This study provides a new approach for the design of novel epigenetic drugs that can recode the cancer epigenome by intervening in mitochondrial metabolism and iron homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Lu-Si Rao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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Cao Q, Zhou DJ, Pan ZY, Yang GG, Zhang H, Ji LN, Mao ZW. CAIXplatins: Highly Potent Platinum(IV) Prodrugs Selective Against Carbonic Anhydrase IX for the Treatment of Hypoxic Tumors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:18556-18562. [PMID: 32557982 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202005362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Hypoxia and the acidic microenvironment play a vital role in tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, generally compromising the chemotherapeutic efficacy. This provides a tantalizing angle for the design of platinum(IV) prodrugs for the effective and selective killing of solid tumors. Herein, two carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX)-targeting platinum(IV) prodrugs have been developed, named as CAIXplatins. Based on their strong affinity for and inhibition of CAIX, CAIXplatins can not only overcome hypoxia and the acidic microenvironment, but also inhibit metabolic pathways of hypoxic cancer cells, resulting in a significantly enhanced therapeutic effect on hypoxic MDA-MB-231 tumors both in vitro and in vivo compared with cisplatin/oxaliplatin, accompanied with excellent anti-metastasis and anti-angiogenesis activities. Furthermore, the cancer selectivity indexes of CAIXplatins are 70-90 times higher than those of cisplatin/oxaliplatin with effectively alleviated side-effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Dan-Jie Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zheng-Yin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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11
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Wang C, Zhu Y, Zhou LL, Zhao YY, Han XY, Ji LN. [Application of the superior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity in differentiating Graves' disease from autoimmune thyroiditis]. Zhonghua Nei Ke Za Zhi 2020; 59:207-212. [PMID: 32146747 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1426.2020.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the clinical value of the superior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity (STA-PSV) for the differential diagnosis of autoimmune thyrotoxicosis. Methods: A total of 301 patients with newly diagnosed thyrotoxicosis and without any anti-thyroid drug intervention were collected from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital from Jan. 2015 to Oct. 2018. Among them, 241 patients were with Graves' disease (GD) and 60 patients were with autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT). STA-PSV, thyroid function and thyrotropin receptor antibody (TRAb) were determined. A multiple linear regression was used to identify factors associated with STA-PSV. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the discriminating ability of STA-PSV to GD. Results: STA-PSV leves in GD group were significantly higher than those in AIT group [61.00 (41.00, 86.50) cm/s vs. 34.50 (25.25, 46.00) cm/s, P<0.001]. The ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC was 0.790 (95%CI 0.734-0.845), and 49.5cm/s was the optimal cutoff point for the diagnosis of GD, in which the sensitivity was 64.3% and the specificity was 83.3%. In all patients with thyrotoxicosis, multiple linear regression analyses showed free thyroxine (FT(4)) (β=0.371, 95%CI 0.005-0.010, P<0.001) and TRAb (β=0.138, 95%CI 0.001-0.014, P=0.035) were positively associated with STA-PSV. Conclusions: The STA-PSV is positively associated with FT(4) and TRAb levels, and it is a helpful marker in differential diagnosis between GD and AIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China(is working on Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan People's Hospital, Tangshan 063000, China)
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L L Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Y Y Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - X Y Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
| | - L N Ji
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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12
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Liu LY, Liu W, Wang KN, Zhu BC, Xia XY, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Quantitative Detection of G-Quadruplex DNA in Live Cells Based on Photon Counts and Complex Structure Discrimination. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9719-9726. [PMID: 32173994 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202002422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
G-quadruplex DNA show structural polymorphism, leading to challenges in the use of selective recognition probes for the accurate detection of G-quadruplexes in vivo. Herein, we present a tripodal cationic fluorescent probe, NBTE, which showed distinguishable fluorescence lifetime responses between G-quadruplexes and other DNA topologies, and fluorescence quantum yield (Φf ) enhancement upon G-quadruplex binding. We determined two NBTE-G-quadruplex complex structures with high Φf values by NMR spectroscopy. The structures indicated NBTE interacted with G-quadruplexes using three arms through π-π stacking, differing from that with duplex DNA using two arms, which rationalized the higher Φf values and lifetime response of NBTE upon G-quadruplex binding. Based on photon counts of FLIM, we detected the percentage of G-quadruplex DNA in live cells with NBTE and found G-quadruplex DNA content in cancer cells is 4-fold that in normal cells, suggesting the potential applications of this probe in cancer cell detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu-Yi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Wenting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Chen Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yu Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P. R. China
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13
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Abstract
α-Pinene is an important monoterpene that is widely used as a pharmaceutical product, biofuel, and so forth. We first established a cell-free system with modular cocatalysis for the production of pinene from glucose. After optimization of the compositions of the cell-free reaction mixture using the Plackett-Burman experimental design and the path of steepest ascent, the production of pinene increased by 57%. It was found that ammonium acetate, NAD+, and NADPH are the three most important parameters for the production of pinene. Mix-and-match experiments showed that the simultaneous addition of the lysate of Escherichia coli overexpressing native 4-hydroxy-3-methylbut-2-enyl diphosphate reductase, SufBCD Fe-S cluster assembly protein, isopentenyl-diphosphate isomerase, and Pinus taeda pinene synthase improved the production of pinene. Increasing the enzyme concentration of the extract further enhanced the production of pinene to 1256.31 ± 46.12 mg/L with a productivity of 104.7 mg/L h, almost 1.2-fold faster than any system reported thus far. This study demonstrates that a cell-free system is a powerful and robust platform for biomanufacture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing Niu
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering, School of Life Sciences , Hubei University , Wuhan 430062 , China
| | - Yuan-Bin Huang
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Yu-Ping Shen
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Jian-Zhong Liu
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
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14
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Muhammad N, Tan CP, Muhammad K, Wang J, Sadia N, Pan ZY, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Mitochondria-targeting monofunctional platinum( ii)–lonidamine conjugates for cancer cell de-energization. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qi01028f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report the rational design and anticancer mechanism studies of novel mitochondria-targeting monofunctional Pt(ii)–lonidamine conjugates for the selective de-energization of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nafees Muhammad
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Kamran Muhammad
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China
- Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Research Center
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Nasreen Sadia
- Department of Environmental Engineering
- University of Engineering & Technology (UET) Taxila
- Taxila 47080
- Pakistan
| | - Zheng-Yin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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15
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Li Y, Wang KN, He L, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Synthesis, photophysical and anticancer properties of mitochondria-targeted phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium(III) N-heterocyclic carbene complexes. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 205:110976. [PMID: 31926377 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes are expected to be new opportunities for the development of anticancer metallodrugs. In this work, two near-infrared (NIR) emitting iridium(III)-NHC complexes Ir1 and Ir2 have been explored as mitochondria-targeted anticancer and photodynamic agents. These complexes are more cytotoxic than cisplatin against the cancer cells screened, and display higher cytotoxicity in the presence of 450 nm and 630 nm LED light. Colocalization and quantitative studies indicated that these complexes could specially localize to mitochondria. Mechanism studies show that these complexes increase intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, reduce mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and induce some degree of early apoptosis. Further studies found that Ir1could induce mitophagy at dark and necrocytosis under the irradiation of 630 nm LED light. The in vitro and in vivo photoxicity studies revealed that Ir1 is a promising photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent and could significantly inhibit tumor growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Function Molecule, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Liang He
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China.
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16
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Wang KN, Cao Q, Liu LY, Zhao ZJ, Liu W, Zhou DJ, Tan CP, Xia W, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Charge-driven tripod somersault on DNA for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of small molecules in the nucleus. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10053-10064. [PMID: 32055359 PMCID: PMC6991190 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03594j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a strategy "charge-driven tripod somersault on DNA" realizing both in vitro and in vivo ratiometric fluorescence imaging of the variations of endogenous SO2 derivatives in the nucleus for the first time.
Although fluorescence tracing of small bioactive molecules in living cells has been extensively studied, it is still a challenging task to detect their variations in the nucleus mainly due to the impermeable nuclear membrane and nucleic acid interference. Herein, we take advantage of the nucleic acid enriched environment in the nucleus to establish a strategy, named “charge-driven tripod somersault on DNA”, for ratiometric fluorescence imaging of small bioactive molecules in the nucleus. Taking SO2 derivatives as a typical target analyte, a tripodal probe has been constructed by conjugating two DNA binding groups containing a SO2 derivative reaction site. Mechanism studies demonstrate that upon encountering and reacting with SO32–/HSO3–, a charge variation occurs at the responsive arm of the tripodal probe, triggering a tripod somersault on DNA, resulting in the conformational rearrangement of the DNA binding modes with DNA-modulated fluorescence change, which allows the second emission feature to emerge. In this strategy, probe–DNA binding is not influenced by RNA or non-specific protein association, thus making it ideal for tracing nucleus-localized analytes. The application of this strategy has realized both in vitro and in vivo ratiometric fluorescence imaging of the variations of endogenous SO2 derivatives in the nucleus for the first time, with high specificity and selectivity. Also, in theory, this strategy opens up a new avenue for the design of fluorescence probes for the nucleus-localized biological analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Nan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Liu-Yi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Zi-Jian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Wenting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Dan-Jie Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Wei Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , 510275 , P. R. China . ;
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17
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Yang GG, Zhou DJ, Pan ZY, Yang J, Zhang DY, Cao Q, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Multifunctional low-temperature photothermal nanodrug with in vivo clearance, ROS-Scavenging and anti-inflammatory abilities. Biomaterials 2019; 216:119280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 05/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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18
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Niu FX, Huang YB, Ji LN, Liu JZ. Genomic and transcriptional changes in response to pinene tolerance and overproduction in evolved Escherichia coli. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2019; 4:113-119. [PMID: 31198860 PMCID: PMC6556621 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
α-Pinene is an important monoterpene, which is widely used as a flavoring agent and in fragrances, pharmaceuticals and biofuels. Although an evolved strain Escherichia coli YZFP, which had higher tolerance to pinene and titer, has been successfully used to produce high levels of pinene, the pinene titer is much lower than that of hemiterpene (isoprene) and sesquiterpenes (farnesene) to date. Moreover, the overall cellular physiological and metabolic changes caused by higher tolerance to pinene and overproduction of pinene remains unclear. To reveal the mechanism of Escherichia coli YZFP with the higher tolerance to pinene and titer, a comparative genomics and transcriptional level analyses combining with CRISPR activation (CRISPRa) and interference (CRISPRi) were carried out. The results show that the tolerance to pinene and the overproduction of pinene in E. coli may be associated with: 1) the mutations of the DXP pathway genes, the rpoA and some membrane protein genes, and their upregulations of transcription levels; and 2) the mutations of some genes and their downregulation of transcriptional levels. These comparative omics analyses provided some genetic modification strategies to further improve pinene production. Overexpression of the mutated cbpA, tabA, pitA, rpoA, sufBCDS, mutS, ispH, oppF, dusB, dnaK, dxs, dxr and flgFGH genes further improved pinene production. This study also demonstrated that combining comparative omics analysis with CRISPRa and CRISPRi is an efficient technology to quickly find a new metabolic engineering strategy. A genomics and transcriptional level analyses combining with CRISPRa and CRISPRi was carried out. The mechanism of the tolerance to pinene and overproduction of pinene was obtained. Some target genes difficultly found by rational analysis were identified. Combining comparative omics analysis with CRISPRa/i is an efficient technology for metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu-Xing Niu
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Yuan-Bin Huang
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Liu
- Institute of Synthetic Biology, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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19
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Wu XW, Zheng Y, Wang FX, Cao JJ, Zhang H, Zhang DY, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Anticancer Ir III -Aspirin Conjugates for Enhanced Metabolic Immuno-Modulation and Mitochondrial Lifetime Imaging. Chemistry 2019; 25:7012-7022. [PMID: 30913329 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201900851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The chemo-anti-inflammatory strategy is attracting ever more attention for the treatment of cancer. Here, two cyclometalated IrIII complexes Ir2 and Ir3 formed by conjugation of Ir1 with two antiphlogistics (aspirin and salicylic acid) have been designed. Ir2 and Ir3 exhibit higher antitumor and anti-inflammatory potencies than a mixture of Ir1 and aspirin/salicylic acid. We show that they can be hydrolyzed, accumulate in mitochondria, and induce mitochondrial dysfunction. Due to their intense long-lived phosphorescence, Ir2 and Ir3 can track mitochondrial morphological changes. Phosphorescence lifetime imaging shows that Ir2 and Ir3 can aggregate during mitochondrial dysfunction. As expected, Ir2 and Ir3 exhibit immunomodulatory properties by regulating the activity of immune factors. Both Ir2 and Ir3 can induce caspase-dependent apoptosis and caspase-independent paraptosis and inhibit several events related to metastasis. Moreover, Ir2 and Ir3 show potent tumor growth inhibition in vivo. Our study demonstrates that the combination of mitochondrial-targeting and immunomodulatory activities is feasible to develop multifunctional metal-based anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Wen Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, P.R. China
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20
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Wang FX, Liang JH, Zhang H, Wang ZH, Wan Q, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Mitochondria-Accumulating Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes Induce Cell Death via Irreversible Oxidative Stress and Glutathione Metabolism Disturbance. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:13123-13133. [PMID: 30888144 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria play a critical role in tumorigenesis. Targeting mitochondria and disturbing related events have been emerging as a promising way for chemotherapy. In this work, two binuclear rhenium(I) tricarbonyl complexes of the general formula [Re2(CO)6(dip)2L](PF6)2 (dip = 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline; L = 4,4'-azopyridine (ReN) or 4,4'-dithiodipyridine (ReS)) were synthesized and characterized. ReN and ReS can react with glutathione (GSH). They exhibit good in vitro anticancer activity against cancer cell lines screened. Besides, they can target mitochondria, cause oxidative stress, and disturb GSH metabolism. Both ReN and ReS can induce necroptosis and caspase-dependent apoptosis simultaneously. We also demonstrate that ReN and ReS can inhibit tumor growth in nude mice bearing carcinoma xenografts. Our study shows the potential of Re(I) complexes as chemotherapeutic agents to kill cancer cells via a mitochondria-to-cellular redox strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Jin-Hao Liang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Ze-Hua Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Qin Wan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
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21
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Geng HY, Ji LN, Chen CY, Tu J, Li HR, Bao R, Lin Y. [Mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with primary refractory nephrotic syndrome]. Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019; 56:651-656. [PMID: 30180402 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0578-1310.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in treating children with primary refractory nephrotic syndrome. Methods: Conducted a prospective randomized controlled clinical trial in 62 pediatric patients (including 44 boys and 18 girls), age ranged from 2.1 to 17.0 years; 32 cases presented with frequently relapsing nephrotic syndrome (FRNS) and 30 cases presented with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), who were admitted to department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics from October 2013 to October 2015. The patients received either mycophenolate mofetil (20-30)mg/(kg·d) or cyclosporine A (3-5)mg/(kg·d) randomly, on the basis of prednisone treatment. Follow-up interview was conducted regularly for at least one year. Efficacy rate, relapse rate, time required for induction of remission, relapse-free period and prednisone dosage were compared between the two groups. Results: (1) Renal histologic examination, which was available for 17 patients, revealed minimal change disease in 8 patients, mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (MsPGN) in five, membranous nephropathy in two, and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) in two. (2) Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with FRNS: There were 14 patients with FRNS in mycophenolate mofetil group and 18 patients with FRNS in cyclosporine A group respectively. The relapse rate (episodes/year) in cyclosporine A group was lower than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (1.0 (0.0, 1.0) vs. 1.0 (1.0, 3.0), Z=-2.405, P=0.016). The relapse-free period (months) in cyclosporine A group was longer than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (10.0 (5.7, 12.1) vs. 5.0 (1.0, 11.0), Z=-1.984, P=0.047). No significant difference in dosage of prednisone was found between cyclosporine A and mycophenolate mofetil groups when followed up for 1 year. (3) Comparison of mycophenolate mofetil versus cyclosporine A in children with SRNS: The efficacy rate was 6/14 in mycophenolate mofetil group and 13/16 in cyclosporine A group. The complete remission rate was 4/14 in mycophenolate mofetil group and 12/16 in cyclosporine A group (P<0.05). The time (months) required for induction of remission in cyclosporine A group was significantly shorter than that of mycophenolate mofetil group (1.0 (1.0, 2.0) vs. 3.0 (2.5, 4.0), Z=-2.529, P=0.011). No significant differences were found between the two groups with respect to relapse-free period and relapse rate. (4) Except that one patient developed hypertensive encephalopathy in cyclosporine A group, no other serious adverse events were recorded. There were no significant differences between two groups with respect to adverse events. Conclusion: Our results indicated that both mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A were effective in the treatment of children with refractory nephrotic syndrome. Cyclosporine A was superior to mycophenolate mofetil in preventing relapses in patients with FRNS and inducing complete remission in patients with SRNS. Although most patients were able to tolerate mycophenolate mofetil and cyclosporine A, but the toxicity and safety of cyclosporine A should be monitored closely.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Geng
- Department of Nephrology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing100020, China
| | | | - C Y Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing102218, China Geng Haiyun and Ji Lina contributed equally to this article
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22
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Du J, Lin L, Li Z, Sun JB, Yuan N, Zhao X, Li F, Zhang J, Zhang XM, Ji LN. [The influence of different thyroid stimulating hormone cut-offs to diagnose subclinical hypothyroidism during the first trimester of pregnancy]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019; 99:120-123. [PMID: 30669750 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the influence of different thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) cut-offs to diagnose subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in the first trimester of gestation. Methods: A total of 896 pregnant women were enrolled in Peking University International Hospital between October 2016 and March 2018. Among them, 421 pregnant women with single fetus who were conformed to the criteria of National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry (NACB), without adverse pregnancy outcomes and obstetric complications, were selected to establish their self-sequential longitudinal reference ranges of thyroid function. Then, SCH was diagnosed in the first trimester, using different TSH cutoffs, such as the upper limit of the first trimester-specific reference range, 4.0 mU/L recommended by the 2017 Guidelines of American Thyroid Association (ATA), 5.17 mU/L (Roche reagent) recommended by 2012 Guidelines of Chinese Society of Endocrinology and Chinese Society of Perinatal Medicine, and 2.5 mU/L recommended by 2011 Guidelines of ATA, respectively. Results: The TSH reference range was 0.12-4.16 mU/L in the first trimester. Using TSH>4.16, 4.0, 5.17 and 2.5 mU/L to diagnose SCH in the first trimester, the prevalence rates were 4.35% (39/896), 5.92% (53/896), 1.56% (14/896) and 20.87% (187/896), respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence rates of SCH using the TSH upper reference limit of 4.0 mU/L and 4.16 mU/L (P=0.134). When TSH was defined as>4.0 mU/L to diagnose SCH, the sensitivity, specificity and Youden index was 97.4%, 98.2%, and 0.956, respectively. Conclusions: The TSH upper reference limit of 4.0 mU/L recommended by 2017 Guidelines of ATA can be used as a cut-off to diagnose SCH in first trimester for the areas without trimester-specific reference ranges for TSH in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Du
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Z Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J B Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - N Yuan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - F Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - X M Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University International Hospital, Beijing 102206, China
| | - L N Ji
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing 100044, China
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Cao JJ, Zheng Y, Wu XW, Tan CP, Chen MH, Wu N, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Anticancer Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes with Planar Ligands: Mitochondrial DNA Damage and Metabolism Disturbance. J Med Chem 2019; 62:3311-3322. [PMID: 30816710 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging studies have shown that mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a potential target for cancer therapy. Herein, six cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes Ir1-Ir6 containing a series of extended planar diimine ligands have been designed and assessed for their efficacy as anticancer agents. Ir1-Ir6 show much higher cytotoxicity than cisplatin and they can effectively localize to mitochondria. Among them, complexes Ir3 and Ir4 with dipyrido[3,2- a:2',3'- c]phenazine (dppz) ligands can bind to DNA tightly in vitro, intercalate to mtDNA in situ, and induce mtDNA damage. Ir3- and Ir4-impaired mitochondria exhibit decline of mitochondrial membrane potential, disability of adenosine triphosphate generation, disruption of mitochondrial energetic and metabolic status, which subsequently cause protective mitophagy, G0/G1 phase cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In vivo antitumor evaluations also show that Ir4 can inhibit tumor xenograft growth effectively. Overall, our work proves that targeting the mitochondrial genome may present an effective strategy to develop metal-based anticancer agents to overcome cisplatin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Xiao-Wen Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Mu-He Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Na Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
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Chen MH, Zheng Y, Cai XJ, Zhang H, Wang FX, Tan CP, Chen WH, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Inhibition of autophagic flux by cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes through anion transportation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3315-3323. [PMID: 30996918 PMCID: PMC6428141 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04520h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report two phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes that can inhibit autophagic flux through anion transportation.
Synthetic anion transporters that can interfere with the intracellular pH homeostasis are gaining increasing attention for tumor therapy, however, the biological mechanism of anion transporters remains to be explored. In this work, two phosphorescent cyclometalated Ir(iii) complexes containing 2-phenylpyridine (ppy) as the cyclometalated ligand, and 2,2′-biimidazole (H2biim, Ir1) or 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)pyridine (Hpyim, Ir2) as the ancillary ligands have been synthesized and characterized. Due to the protonation and deprotonation process of the N–H groups on H2biim and Hpyim, Ir1 and Ir2 display pH-dependent phosphorescence and can specifically image lysosomes. Both Ir1 and Ir2 can act as anion transporters mainly through the anion exchange mechanism with higher potency observed for Ir1. Mechanism investigation shows that Ir1 and Ir2 can induce caspase-independent cell death through reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation. As Ir1 and Ir2 can alkalinize lysosomes through anion disturbance, they can inhibit autophagic flux. Our work provides a novel anticancer mechanism of metal complexes, which gives insights into the innovative structure-based design of new metallo-anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-He Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Xiong-Jie Cai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , P. R. China .
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening , School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Southern Medical University , Guangzhou 510515 , P. R. China .
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China . ;
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Yang J, Sun L, Hao L, Yang GG, Zou ZC, Cao Q, Ji LN, Mao ZW. A halogen ion-selective phosphorescence turn-on probe based on induction of Pt–Pt interactions. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:11191-11194. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc05093k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A halogen ion induced self-assembly of square-planar platinum complexes has been, for the first time, observed and applied as a turn-on phosphorescent probe for Cl−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Lili Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Cong Zou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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Zhong YF, Zhang H, Mu G, Liu WT, Cao Q, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Nucleus-localized platinum(ii)–triphenylamine complexes as potent photodynamic anticancer agents. Inorg Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi00738e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The para-position coordinated platinum–triphenylamine conjugates exhibited much better PDT anticancer activity than their meta-position coordinated isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Ge Mu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou
- China
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27
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Cao Q, Yang J, Zhang H, Hao L, Yang GG, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Traceable in-cell synthesis and cytoplasm-to-nucleus translocation of a zinc Schiff base complex as a simple and economical anticancer strategy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7852-7855. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03480c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A facile and cheap strategy based on visualized in-cell synthesis of theranostic Zn Schiff base complexes realizes cancer-specific therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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28
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Zhang DY, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Yang GG, Tan CP, He L, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Folate receptor-targeted theranostic IrS x nanoparticles for multimodal imaging-guided combined chemo-photothermal therapy. Nanoscale 2018; 10:22252-22262. [PMID: 30465053 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr08095j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Nano-drug delivery systems with multi-modality imaging capacities are worth pursuing because they integrate diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Herein, we report the design, synthesis and evaluation of modified iridium sulfide (IrSx) nanoparticles (NPs) for cancer therapy in vitro and in vivo. This nanosystem was prepared by modifying IrSx with polyethylene glycol (PEG) conjugated to the targeting ligand folate (FA) for multimodal imaging-guided combined chemo-photothermal therapy. Upon PEG modification, the small IrSx NPs (about 4 nm) self-assembled into much larger (about 120 nm) IrSx-PEG-FA NPs, which exhibited high photostability, ideal photothermal effect, high drug loading and pH-/photothermal-responsive drug release properties. By using the model anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT), we demonstrated that CPT@IrSx-PEG-FA can effectively target FA-receptor-positive cancer cells in vitro and show efficient tumor accumulation in vivo. The combination of CPT@IrSx-PEG-FA treatment and irradiation with an 808 nm laser resulted in complete tumor elimination. Moreover, photothermal/photoacoustic (PA)/computed tomography (CT) imaging provided an effective means to monitor the therapeutic effects. Interestingly, the nanoparticles can be cleared, resulting in low systematic toxicity of CPT@IrSx-PEG-FA. Our work demonstrates that the as-prepared IrSx-PEG-FA NPs present a promising platform for the construction of multifunctional theranostic agents for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
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Hao L, Li ZW, Zhang DY, He L, Liu W, Yang J, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Monitoring mitochondrial viscosity with anticancer phosphorescent Ir(iii) complexes via two-photon lifetime imaging. Chem Sci 2018; 10:1285-1293. [PMID: 30809342 PMCID: PMC6357858 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04242j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Precise quantitative measurement of viscosity at the subcellular level presents great challenges. Two-photon phosphorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (TPPLIM) can reflect micro-environmental changes of a chromophore in a quantitative manner. Phosphorescent iridium complexes are potential TPPLIM probes due to their rich photophysical properties including environment-sensitive long-lifetime emission and high two-photon absorption (TPA) properties. In this work, a series of iridium(iii) complexes containing rotatable groups are developed as mitochondria-targeting anticancer agents and quantitative viscosity probes. Among them, Ir6 ([Ir(ppy-CHO)2(dppe)]PF6; ppy-CHO: 4-(2-pyridyl)benzaldehyde; dppe: cis-1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethene) shows satisfactory TPA properties and long lifetimes (up to 1 μs). The emission intensities and lifetimes of Ir6 are viscosity-dependent, which is mainly attributed to the configurational changes in the diphosphine ligand as proved by 1H NMR spectra. Ir6 displays potent cytotoxicity, and mechanism investigations show that it can accumulate in mitochondria and induce apoptotic cell death. Moreover, Ir6 can induce mitochondrial dysfunction and monitor the changes in mitochondrial viscosity simultaneously in a real-time and quantitative manner via TPPLIM. Upon Ir6 treatment, a time-dependent increase in viscosity and heterogeneity is observed along with the loss of membrane potential in mitochondria. In summary, our work shows that multifunctional phosphorescent metal complexes can induce and precisely detect microenvironmental changes simultaneously at the subcellular level using TPPLIM, which may deepen the understanding of the cell death mechanisms induced by these metallocompounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Zhi-Wei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Liang He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Wenting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry , School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China . ;
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Zheng Y, Zhang DY, Zhang H, Cao JJ, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Photodamaging of Mitochondrial DNA to Overcome Cisplatin Resistance by a RuII
-PtII
Bimetallic Complex. Chemistry 2018; 24:18971-18980. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201803630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
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31
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Yang GG, Zhang H, Zhang DY, Cao Q, Yang J, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Cancer-specific chemotherapeutic strategy based on the vitamin K3 mediated ROS regenerative feedback and visualized drug release in vivo. Biomaterials 2018; 185:73-85. [PMID: 30227273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.08.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A promising theranostic nanosystem VK3-CPT@Ru-CD is designed and fabricated by the host-guest driven self-assembly between the fluorescent adamantine-functionalized Ru(II) complexes and the ROS-labile-cyclodextrin modified thioketal linkers, in which anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) and vitamin K3 (VK3) are effectively co-encapsulated. On account of the generative feedback between the intracellular redox cycling of VK3 and the high degree of ROS-triggered collapse of nanoparticles, VK3-CPT@Ru-CD can facilitate cancer-specific ROS amplification and drug release selectively in cancer cells, thus realizing the selective killing of tumor with minimal side-effects both in vitro and in vivo, the therapeutic effect of which is more prominent than the free anti-cancer drugs. More interestingly, the menadione structure of encapsulated VK3 can effectively quench the inherent fluorescence of Ru-CD, and a fluorescence lightening up phenomenon is observed accompanied with the ROS-triggered drug release, which can be utilized for real-time tracking of drug release in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China.
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Yang GG, Hao L, Cao Q, Zhang H, Yang J, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Three-in-One Self-Assembled Nanocarrier for Dual-Drug Delivery, Two-Photon Imaging, and Chemo-Photodynamic Synergistic Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2018; 10:28301-28313. [PMID: 30063824 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b07270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We herein present a three-in-one nanoplatform (named Fu/LD@RuCD) for dual-drug delivery, two-photon imaging, and chemo-photodynamic synergistic therapy, enabled by simple self-assembly between adamantine-functionalized ruthenium complexes ([Ru(phen-ad)3](PF6)2, Ru) and natural cyclodextrin (β-CD) monomers. By host-guest chemistry, nanocarrier RuCD 70-90 nm in diameter is fabricated through a very simple mixing step in water at room temperature, in which the octahedral configuration of Ru complex provides a rigid skeleton and the hydrogen bonding of secondary hydroxyl groups formed between two adjacent β-CD monomers displays a bridging role allowing for three-dimensional architectures. The dual-drug-loaded nanoparticle Fu/LD@RuCD (Fu: 5-fluorouracil; LD: lonidamine) effectively penetrates into cancer cells in 8 h and selectively accumulates in lysosomes, in which dual-drug release is promoted by the mildly acidic environment. Under visible light irradiation, nanocarrier RuCD exhibits excellent photodynamic therapy capability by producing sufficient reactive oxygen species and damaging lysosomes, accordingly 5-fluorouracil and lonidamine can escape from lysosomes and reach their sites of action, resulting in mitochondria dysfunction and cancer cell apoptosis. Simultaneously, the excellent photophysical properties of the nanocarrier enable the facile track of drug delivery under one-photon and two-photon excitation. Moreover, in vivo anticancer investigations show that Fu/LD@RuCD can effectively inhibit the tumor growth without systemic side effects by chemo-photodynamic synergistic therapy, and the therapeutic effect is better than the free anticancer drugs and the sole therapeutic modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry , Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P. R. China
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Abstract
A new tin(IV) corrole, 5,10,15-tris(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl) corrole tin(IV) (1-Sn) was synthesized and characterized. The DNA binding, photocleavage and anti-cancer activity were studied and compared with its free-base. The interaction of 1-Sn and its free-base 1 with calf thymus DNA had been investigated by spectroscopic methods, viscosity measurements and molecular docking analysis. The results revealed that 1-Sn and 1 could interact with calf thymus DNA via an outside groove binding mode. Furthermore, although 1 displayed no photonuclease activity, 1-Sn exhibited good photonuclease activity as indicated by agarose gel electrophoresis, and superoxide anion might be the active intermediate for the DNA scission. Finally, 1 was nontoxic but 1-Sn displayed cytotoxicity towards A549 tumor cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- An-Na Xie
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Hua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Atif Ali
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Xu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Materials and Technologies, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Materials and Technologies, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
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Wang LL, Peng SH, Wang H, Ji LN, Liu HY. Photophysical properties of free-base and manganese(iii) N-confused porphyrins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20141-20148. [PMID: 30027945 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02223b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of N-confused 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl porphyrin derivatives have been studied using steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques. The peripherally substituted N-confused 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl free-base porphyrins (NCTPPs) show stronger B-band absorptions in DCM than in DMAc, while much stronger emissions have been observed in DMAc, which may be due to the shorter times (τIC) of internal conversion from the B-band to the Q-band. The Q-band spectral structures of NCTPPs in DCM are significantly different from those in DMAc. The introduction of ortho-OCH3 results in the strongest emission in both DCM and DMAc and significant fluorescence after N-methylation even though the emissions of other N-methyl complexes are quenched. The N-methylation of NCTPPs leads to a larger τIC and shorter emission lifetime. The excited-state dynamics of manganese(iii) N-confused porphyrins (Mn(Cl)NCH3NCTPPs) are influenced by both peripheral substituents and manganese(iii) metal ion, and exhibit ultrafast intersystem crossing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Materials and Technologies, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Yang J, Cao Q, Zhang H, Hao L, Zhou D, Gan Z, Li Z, Tong YX, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Targeted reversal and phosphorescence lifetime imaging of cancer cell metabolism via a theranostic rhenium(I)-DCA conjugate. Biomaterials 2018; 176:94-105. [PMID: 29870900 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Cancer cell metabolism is quite different from normal cells. Targeting cancer metabolism and untuning the tumor metabolic machine has emerged as a promising strategy for cancer therapy. We have developed a multi-functional Re-dca conjugate (Re-dca 2) by conjugating the metabolic modulator dichloroacetate (DCA) to mitochondria-targeted rhenium(I) complex, allowing its efficient penetration into cancer cells and selective accumulation in mitochondria, thus achieving the cancer cell metabolism reversal from glycolysis to glucose oxidation at pharmacologically relevant DCA doses. Mechanism studies confirm the inhibition effect of Re-dca 2 on the activity of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) and capture the metabolic reversal window in Re-dca 2 treated NCI-1229 cells at the early stage of drug treatment, resulting in selective killing of malignant cells cocultured with normal cells, significant inhibition of cancer cell metastasis and invasion, as well as excellent anti-angiogenesis activities in zebrafish embryos. By comparison, DCA-free Re(I) analogue is also investigated under the same conditions. Although this analogue also exhibits cytotoxicity due to the Re(I) core, metabolic reversal is not induced by this analogue and its anti-metastasis activity is much lower than Re-dca 2, indicating the synergistic effect of Re(I) core and DCA moiety on cancer therapy. In vivo anti-cancer investigations also indicate that the mitochondria-targeted Re-dca 2 can effectively inhibit the tumor growth without affecting the body weight of nude mice, and the therapeutic effect is much better than the DCA-free Re(I) analogue 2a. Simultaneously, the O2-sensitive phosphorescent lifetimes of Re-dca 2 can be utilized for PLIM imaging of intracellular oxygen consumption, thus reflecting the Re-dca 2 induced glycolysis-to-glucose oxidation reversal at the early drug treatment stage. The excellent phosphorescence of Re-dca 2 can also be utilized for real-time tracking of mitochondrial morphological changes during treatment. In a word, rational design of phosphorescent metallodrug and metabolic modulator conjugates for synergistic treatment is a promising strategy for simultaneous untuning and tracking tumor metabolic machine, thus providing new clues for cancer therapy and mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Danxia Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhenji Gan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhiwei Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ye-Xiang Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; Department of Applied Chemistry, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Sun JH, Zhang W, Zhang DY, Shen J, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Multifunctional mesoporous silica nanoparticles as efficient transporters of doxorubicin and chlorin e6 for chemo-photodynamic combinatorial cancer therapy. J Biomater Appl 2018; 32:1253-1264. [DOI: 10.1177/0885328218758925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Hua Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianliang Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang J, Cao Q, Hao L, Yang GG, Hu WL, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Correction: A self-assessed photosensitizer: inducing and dual-modal phosphorescence imaging of mitochondria oxidative stress. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:693. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc90490h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correction for ‘A self-assessed photosensitizer: inducing and dual-modal phosphorescence imaging of mitochondria oxidative stress’ by Jing Yang et al., Chem. Commun., 2018, DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07797a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Wei-Liang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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Jing Y, Cao Q, Hao L, Yang GG, Hu WL, Ji LN, Mao ZW. A self-assessed photosensitizer: inducing and dual-modal phosphorescence imaging of mitochondria oxidative stress. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:271-274. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc07797a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted Ir(iii)–nitroxide conjugates act as self-assessed PDT agents by simultaneously inducing and dual-modal phosphorescence imaging of mitochondrial oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Gang-Gang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Wei-Liang Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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He L, Wang KN, Zheng Y, Cao JJ, Zhang MF, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Cyclometalated iridium(iii) complexes induce mitochondria-derived paraptotic cell death and inhibit tumor growthin vivo. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:6942-6953. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00783g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
A potent anticancer Ir(iii) complex induces paraptotic cell death by causing mitochondrial dysfunction rapidly and inhibits tumor growth significantlyin vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Ming-Fang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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Wang FX, Chen MH, Lin YN, Zhang H, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Dual Functions of Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes: Anti-Metastasis and Lysosome-Damaged Photodynamic Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:42471-42481. [PMID: 29140069 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Four phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes containing benzimidazole moiety have been designed and synthesized. These Ir(III) complexes can effectively inhibit several cancerous processes, including cell migration, invasion, colony formation, and angiogenesis. Interestingly, they show a much higher singlet oxygen quantum yield in an acidic solution than in a neutral solution. Upon irradiation at 425 nm with low energy (1.2 J cm-2), they can induce apoptosis through lysosomal damage, evaluation of reactive oxygen species level, and activation of caspase-3/7. The highest phototoxicity index is >476, with almost no dark cytotoxicity observed for Ir4. Ir4 can also inhibit tumor growth effectively in nude mice in vivo after photodynamic therapy. An in vitro assay against 70 kinases indicates that maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK), PIK3CA, and AMPK are the possible molecular targets. The half maximal inhibitory concentration of Ir4 toward MELK is 1.27 μM. Our study demonstrates that these Ir(III) complexes are promising anticancer agents with dual functions, including metastasis inhibition and lysosome-damaged photodynamic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Mu-He Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Nan Lin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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41
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Zhang DY, Zheng Y, Zhang H, He L, Tan CP, Sun JH, Zhang W, Peng X, Zhan Q, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Ruthenium complex-modified carbon nanodots for lysosome-targeted one- and two-photon imaging and photodynamic therapy. Nanoscale 2017; 9:18966-18976. [PMID: 29181479 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr05349e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Nanohybrids can in most cases kill cancer cells more efficiently as compared with free photosensitizers. In this work, we constructed nanohybrid Ru1@CDs composed of carbon nanodots (CDs) and a phosphorescent Ru(ii) complex (Ru1) for one- and two-photon photodynamic therapy of cancer. The photosensitizer and imaging agent Ru1 is decorated onto the nanocarrier CDs covalently. Ru1 and Ru1@CDs can penetrate into cancer cells through an energy-dependent mechanism and endocytosis, respectively. Both Ru1 and Ru1@CDs are capable of lysosome-targeted phosphorescence imaging and photodamage under either 450 nm (one-photon) or 810 nm (two-photon) excitation. Conjugation with CDs can increase the cellular uptake efficacy of Ru1. Mechanism investigations show that both Ru1 and Ru1@CDs can induce apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species and cathepsin-initiated apoptotic signaling pathways. Upon two-photon excitation, Ru1@CDs show better penetrability, as well as higher inhibitory effects on cancer cell growth in both 2D cell and 3D multicellular tumor spheroid models. Our work provides an effective strategy for the construction of multifunctional imaging and phototherapeutic nanohybrids for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, Guangzhou, China.
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Zhong YF, Zhang H, Liu WT, Zheng XH, Zhou YW, Cao Q, Shen Y, Zhao Y, Qin PZ, Ji LN, Mao ZW. A Platinum(II)-based Photosensitive Tripod as an Effective Photodynamic Anticancer Agent through DNA Damage. Chemistry 2017; 23:16442-16446. [PMID: 28940718 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Herein, two photosensitive platinum(II)-based tripods were designed and synthesized. Notably, complex 1 ({[Pt(dien)]3 L}(NO3 )6 , L=tri(4-pyridylphenyl)amine and dien=diethylenetriamine), which mainly accumulated in the cell nucleus, exhibited very low cytotoxicity in the absence of light irradiation, but displayed a remarkable increase in cytotoxicity upon visible light irradiation. Mechanistic investigations revealed that the tripod interacted with DNA in the nucleus, induced ROS generation upon light irradiation, and consequently elicited rapid DNA damage response; thereby triggering cancer cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fang Zhong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiao-Hui Zheng
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi-Wei Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yong Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Peter Z Qin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90089, USA
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
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Ye RR, Cao JJ, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Valproic Acid-Functionalized Cyclometalated Iridium(III) Complexes as Mitochondria-Targeting Anticancer Agents. Chemistry 2017; 23:15166-15176. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Rong Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Sun Yat-Sen University; Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
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Yang J, Zhao JX, Cao Q, Hao L, Zhou D, Gan Z, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Simultaneously Inducing and Tracking Cancer Cell Metabolism Repression by Mitochondria-Immobilized Rhenium(I) Complex. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:13900-13912. [PMID: 28368110 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial metabolism is essential for tumorigenesis, and the development of cancer is usually accompanied by alternations of mitochondrial function. Emerging studies have demonstrated that targeting mitochondria and mitochondrial metabolism is an effective strategy for cancer therapy. In this work, eight phosphorescent organometallic rhenium(I) complexes have been synthesized and explored as mitochondria-targeted theranostic agents, capable of inducing and tracking the therapeutic effect simultaneously. Complexes 1b-4b can quickly and efficiently penetrate into A549 cells, specifically localizing within mitochondria, and their cytotoxicity is superior to cisplatin against the cancer cells screened. Notably, complex 3b [Re(CO)3(DIP) (py-3-CH2Cl)]+ containing thiol-reactive chloromethylpyridyl moiety for mitochondria immobilization shows higher cytotoxicity and selectivity against cancer cells than other Re(I) complexes without mitochondria-immobilization properties. Mechanistic studies show that complexes 1b-4b induce a cascade of mitochondria-dependent events including mitochondrial damage, mitochondrial respiration inhibition, cellular ATP depletion, reactive oxygen species (ROS) elevation, and caspase-dependent apoptosis. By comparison, mitochondria-immobilized 3b causes more effective repression of mitochondrial metabolism than mitochondrial-nonimmobilized complexes. The excellent phosphorescence and O2-sensitive lifetimes of mitochondria-immobilized 3b can be utilized for real-time tracking of the morphological changes of mitochondria and mitochondrial respiration repression during therapy process, accordingly providing reliable information for understanding anticancer mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ji-Xian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Qian Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Liang Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Danxia Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University , Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Zhenji Gan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animals for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center of Nanjing University , Nanjing 210061, China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, China
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Shen J, Liu H, Mu C, Wolfram J, Zhang W, Kim HC, Zhu G, Hu Z, Ji LN, Liu X, Ferrari M, Mao ZW, Shen H. Multi-step encapsulation of chemotherapy and gene silencing agents in functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles. Nanoscale 2017; 9:5329-5341. [PMID: 28398453 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr00377c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Drug to carrier ratio is an important consideration in designing drug platforms, since a low loading capacity necessitates the use of high doses of carriers, which can result in side effects. Here, we have engineered a platform to co-deliver small molecule drugs and small interfering RNA (siRNA). This platform consists of cyclodextrin-grafted polyethylenimine (CP) functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNP). A unique multi-step encapsulation procedure was used to obtain a high loading capacity for doxorubicin (DOX) and siRNA oligos specific for the PKM2 gene that encodes pyruvate kinase M2, an enzyme catalyzing the final rate-limiting step in glycolysis. We systematically characterized this platform (CP-MSNP@DOX/PKM2) in vitro and evaluated its therapeutic efficacy in vivo with a mouse model of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Exposure of TNBC cells to CP-MSNP@DOX/PKM2 resulted in suppressed target gene expression, reduced cell proliferation, and enhanced apoptosis. Intravenous administration of the drug substantially decreased the tumor burden in comparison to DOX or siRNA monotherapy. In conclusion, we have developed a platform for efficient co-delivery of small molecule drugs and therapeutic siRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Shen
- MOE Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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Chen MH, Wang FX, Cao JJ, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Light-Up Mitophagy in Live Cells with Dual-Functional Theranostic Phosphorescent Iridium(III) Complexes. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:13304-13314. [PMID: 28345337 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b01735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorescent Ir(III) complexes are expected to be new multifunctional theranostic platforms that enable the integration of imaging capabilities and anticancer properties. Mitophagy is an important selective autophagic process that degrades dysfunctional mitochondria. Until now, the regulation of mitophagy is still poorly understood. Herein, we present two phosphorescent cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes (Ir1 and Ir2) that can accumulate in mitochondria and induce mitophagy. Because of their intrinsic phosphorescence, they can specially image mitochondria and track mitochondrial morphological alterations. Mechanism studies show that Ir1 and Ir2 induce mitophagy by depolarization of mitochondrial membrane potential, depletion of cellular ATP, perturbation in mitochondrial metabolic status, and induction of oxidative stress. Moreover, no sign of apoptosis is observed in Ir1- and Ir2-treated cells under the same conditions that an obvious mitophagic response is initiated. We demonstrate that Ir1 is a promising theranostic agent that can induce mitophagy and visualize changes in mitochondrial morphology simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mu-He Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
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Zhang DY, Zheng Y, Tan CP, Sun JH, Zhang W, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Graphene Oxide Decorated with Ru(II)-Polyethylene Glycol Complex for Lysosome-Targeted Imaging and Photodynamic/Photothermal Therapy. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:6761-6771. [PMID: 28150943 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b13808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The combination of photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) can kill cancer cells more efficiently as compared with PTT or PDT treatment alone. In this work, we use nanohybrid rGO-Ru-PEG composed of reduced nanographene oxide (rGO) sheet and a phosphorescent polyethylene glycol modified Ru(II) complex (Ru-PEG) for combined PTT and PDT of cancer. Photosensitizer and imaging agent Ru-PEG is decorated onto delivery and PTT agent rGO via π-π stacking and hydrophobic interactions. The chemical structure and morphology have been characterized by various methods. The release of Ru-PEG from rGO surface is pH-dependent, and irradiation can increase the release rate considerably. The combined effects of PDT and PTT have been evaluated by cytotoxicity assay under serial irradiation at 808 nm (PTT) and 450 nm (PDT). Mechanism investigation shows that the nanohybrid can induce apoptosis through generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cathepsin-initiated apoptotic signaling pathways under light excitation. rGO-Ru-PEG can be applied to in vivo photothermal imaging, and high treatment efficacy was achieved for in vivo antitumor experiments when irradiated with an 808 nm laser and a 450 nm laser. Our work provides an effective strategy for the construction of multifunctional imaging and phototherapeutic nanohybrids for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Jing-Hua Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University , Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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Cheng T, Xiao X, Zhang L, Liu CY, Wang LL, Meng M, Zhao F, Wang H, Ji LN. Photoinduced δ electron transfer in phenylene bridged Mo 2 dimers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:1740-1745. [PMID: 28044168 DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07582g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Photoinduced electron transfer (ET) in Mo2 dimers, [Mo2(DAniF)3]2(μ-E2C(ph)CE2) (DAniF = N,N'-di(p-anisyl)formamidinate, E = O or S), has been studied by femtosecond transient spectral techniques. Using a 355 nm laser pulse, the δ electrons on the Mo-Mo quadruple bonds are selectively excited and subsequent charge separation yields diradicals [Mo2]˙--ph-[Mo2]˙+ and [Mo2]-ph˙--[Mo2]˙+. The charge separation (CS) and recombination (CR) rates are derived by fitting the decay kinetic data of the excited states. Surprisingly, it is found that the CR rate constants (kCR-1, ∼1012 s-1) for [Mo2]˙--ph-[Mo2]˙+ are larger than the data (kCR-2) for [Mo2]-ph˙--[Mo2]˙+ by about one order of magnitude, although in the first case, the ET distance is doubled and the electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor is weaker. Optical analyses reveal that the free energy changes (ΔG°) for the two CR processes correspond to the δ → δ* and the metal (δ) to bridging ligand (π*) transition energies, respectively, and thus, the ET kinetics is dominated likely by the driving force (-ΔG°).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Xuan Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Material and Technologies, Sun Yet-Sen University, Xingang West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Chun Y Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China. and Department of Chemistry, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China and State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Material and Technologies, Sun Yet-Sen University, Xingang West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Li-Li Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Material and Technologies, Sun Yet-Sen University, Xingang West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Miao Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Jinan University, 601 Huang-Pu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.
| | - Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Material and Technologies, Sun Yet-Sen University, Xingang West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Material and Technologies, Sun Yet-Sen University, Xingang West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Optoelectronics Material and Technologies, Sun Yet-Sen University, Xingang West, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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49
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Abstract
Phosphorescent iridium(iii) complexes are rationally designed as photodynamic anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Dong-Yang Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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50
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Wu N, Cao JJ, Wu XW, Tan CP, Ji LN, Mao ZW. Iridium(iii) complexes with five-membered heterocyclic ligands for combined photodynamic therapy and photoactivated chemotherapy. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:13482-13491. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt02477k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this work, three iridium(iii) complexes were investigated as combined photodynamic and photoactivated chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Jun Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Wen Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Cai-Ping Tan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Liang-Nian Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- P. R. China
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