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Roque JA, Lukesh NR, Hendy DA, Dixon TA, Islam MJ, Ontiveros-Padilla L, Pena ES, Lifshits LM, Simpson SR, Batty CJ, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Enhancement of subunit vaccine delivery with zinc-carnosine coordination polymer through the addition of mannan. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124076. [PMID: 38569976 PMCID: PMC11062752 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Vaccines represent a pivotal health advancement for preventing infection. However, because carrier systems with repeated administration can invoke carrier-targeted immune responses that diminish subsequent immune responses (e.g., PEG antibodies), there is a continual need to develop novel vaccine platforms. Zinc carnosine microparticles (ZnCar MPs), which are composed of a one-dimensional coordination polymer formed between carnosine and the metal ion zinc, have exhibited efficacy in inducing an immune response against influenza. However, ZnCar MPs' limited suspendability hinders clinical application. In this study, we address this issue by mixing mannan, a polysaccharide derived from yeast, with ZnCar MPs. We show that the addition of mannan increases the suspendability of this promising vaccine formulation. Additionally, since mannan is an adjuvant, we illustrate that the addition of mannan increases the antibody response and T cell response when mixed with ZnCar MPs. Mice vaccinated with mannan + OVA/ZnCar MPs had elevated serum IgG and IgG1 levels in comparison to vaccination without mannan. Moreover, in the mannan + OVA/ZnCar MPs vaccinated group, mucosal washes demonstrated increased IgG, IgG1, and IgG2c titers, and antigen recall assays showed enhanced IFN-γ production in response to MHC-I and MHC-II immunodominant peptide restimulation, compared to the vaccination without mannan. These findings suggest that the use of mannan mixed with ZnCar MPs holds potential for subunit vaccination and its improved suspendability further promotes clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- John A Roque
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Nicole Rose Lukesh
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Dylan A Hendy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Timothy A Dixon
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Md Jahirul Islam
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Erik S Pena
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Liubov M Lifshits
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Sean R Simpson
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Cole J Batty
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State University, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, United States.
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2
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Pena ES, Batty CJ, Hendy DA, Yang S, Ontiveros-Padilla L, Stiepel RT, Ting JPY, Ainslie KM, Bachelder EM. Comparative study of acetalated-dextran microparticle fabrication methods for a clinically translatable subunit-based influenza vaccine. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123836. [PMID: 38266940 PMCID: PMC10923012 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The most common influenza vaccines are inactivated viruses produced in chicken eggs, which is a time-consuming production method with variable efficacy due to mismatches of the vaccine strains to the dominant circulating strains. Subunit-based vaccines provide faster production times in comparison to the traditional egg-produced vaccines but often require the use of an adjuvant to elicit a highly protective immune response. However, the current FDA approved adjuvant for influenza vaccines (MF59) elicits a primarily helper T-cell type 2 (Th2)-biased humoral immune response. Adjuvants that can stimulate a Th1 cellular response are correlated to have more robust protection against influenza. The cyclic dinucleotide cGAMP has been shown to provide a potent Th1 response but requires the use of a delivery vehicle to best initiate its signalling pathway in the cytosol. Herein, acetalated dextran (Ace-DEX) was used as the polymer to fabricate microparticles (MPs) via double-emulsion, electrospray, and spray drying methods to encapsulate cGAMP. This study compared each fabrication method's ability to encapsulate and retain the hydrophilic adjuvant cGAMP. We compared their therapeutic efficacy to Addavax, an MF59-like adjuvant, and cGAMP Ace-DEX MPs provided a stronger Th1 response in vaccinated BALB/c mice. Furthermore, we compared Ace-DEX MPs to spray dried MPs composed from a commonly used polymer for drug delivery, poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA). We observed that all Ace-DEX MPs elicited similar humoral and cellular responses to the PLGA MPs. Overall, the results shown here indicate Ace-DEX can perform similarly to PLGA as a polymer for drug delivery and that spray drying can provide an efficient way to produce MPs to encapsulate cGAMP and stimulate the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik S Pena
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Cole J Batty
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Dylan A Hendy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Shuangshuang Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Rebeca T Stiepel
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jenny P-Y Ting
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Genetics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Kristy M Ainslie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Eric M Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering & Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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Parmaksız S, Pekcan M, Özkul A, Türkmen E, Rivero-Arredondo V, Ontiveros-Padilla L, Forbes N, Perrie Y, López-Macías C, Şenel S. In vivo evaluation of new adjuvant systems based on combination of Salmonella Typhi porins with particulate systems: Liposomes versus polymeric particles. Int J Pharm 2023; 648:123568. [PMID: 37925042 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Subunit vaccines that have weak immunogenic activity require adjuvant systems for enhancedcellular and long-acting humoral immune responses. Both lipid-based and polymeric-based particulate adjuvants have been widely investigated to induce the desired immune responses against the subunit vaccines. The adjuvant efficacy of these particulate adjuvants depends upon their physicochemical properties such as particle size, surface charge, shape and their composition. Previously, we showed in vitro effect of adjuvant systems based on combination of chitosan and Salmonella Typhi porins in microparticle or nanoparticle form, which were spherical with positive surface charge. In the present study, we have further developed an adjuvant system based on combination of porins with liposomes (cationic and neutral) and investigated the adjuvant effect of both the liposomal and polymeric systems in BALB/c mice using a model antigen, ovalbumin. Humoral immune responses were determined following priming and booster dose at 15-day intervals. In overall, IgM and IgG levels were induced in the presence of both the liposomal and polymeric adjuvant systems indicating the positive impact of combination with porins. The highest IgM levels were obtained on Day 8, and liposomal adjuvant systems were found to elicit significantly higher IgM levels compared to polymeric systems. IgG levels were increased significantly after booster, particularly more profound with the micro-sized polymeric system when compared to cationic liposomal system with nano-size. Our results demonstrated that the developed particulate systems are promising both as an adjuvant and delivery system, providing enhanced immune responses against subunit antigens, and have the potential for long-term protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Parmaksız
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Pekcan
- Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Aykut Özkul
- Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Virology, Ankara University, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Türkmen
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vanessa Rivero-Arredondo
- Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre "Siglo XXI", Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre "Siglo XXI", Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Neil Forbes
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Yvonne Perrie
- University of Strathclyde, Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Constantino López-Macías
- Medical Research Unit on Immunochemistry, Specialties Hospital, National Medical Centre "Siglo XXI", Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sevda Şenel
- Hacettepe University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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Ontiveros-Padilla L, Batty CJ, Hendy DA, Pena ES, Roque JA, Stiepel RT, Carlock MA, Simpson SR, Ross TM, Abraham SN, Staats HF, Bachelder EM, Ainslie KM. Development of a broadly active influenza intranasal vaccine adjuvanted with self-assembled particles composed of mastoparan-7 and CpG. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1103765. [PMID: 37033992 PMCID: PMC10081679 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1103765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently licensed vaccine adjuvants offer limited mucosal immunity, which is needed to better combat respiratory infections such as influenza. Mast cells (MCs) are emerging as a target for a new class of mucosal vaccine adjuvants. Here, we developed and characterized a nanoparticulate adjuvant composed of an MC activator [mastoparan-7 (M7)] and a TLR ligand (CpG). This novel nanoparticle (NP) adjuvant was co-formulated with a computationally optimized broadly reactive antigen (COBRA) for hemagglutinin (HA), which is broadly reactive against influenza strains. M7 was combined at different ratios with CpG and tested for in vitro immune responses and cytotoxicity. We observed significantly higher cytokine production in dendritic cells and MCs with the lowest cytotoxicity at a charge-neutralizing ratio of nitrogen/phosphate = 1 for M7 and CpG. This combination formed spherical NPs approximately 200 nm in diameter with self-assembling capacity. Mice were vaccinated intranasally with COBRA HA and M7-CpG NPs in a prime-boost-boost schedule. Vaccinated mice had significantly higher antigen-specific antibody responses (IgG and IgA) in serum and mucosa compared with controls. Splenocytes from vaccinated mice had significantly increased cytokine production upon antigen recall and the presence of central and effector memory T cells in draining lymph nodes. Finally, co-immunization with NPs and COBRA HA induced influenza H3N2-specific HA inhibition antibody titers across multiple strains and partially protected mice from a challenge against an H3N2 virus. These results illustrate that the M7-CpG NP adjuvant combination can induce a protective immune response with a broadly reactive influenza antigen via mucosal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Cole J. Batty
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Dylan A. Hendy
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Erik S. Pena
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State/UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - John A. Roque
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Rebeca T. Stiepel
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Michael A. Carlock
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Port Saint, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Sean R. Simpson
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Ted M. Ross
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Port Saint, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Port St. Lucie, FL, United States
- Center for Vaccines and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Soman N. Abraham
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular Genetics and Microbiology and Immunology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Herman F. Staats
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
- Duke Human Vaccines Institute, School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Eric M. Bachelder
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Kristy M. Ainslie
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, NC State/UNC, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Kristy M. Ainslie,
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Ontiveros-Padilla L, García-Lozano A, Tepale-Segura A, Rivera-Hernández T, Pastelin-Palacios R, Isibasi A, Arriaga-Pizano LA, Bonifaz LC, López-Macías C. CD4+ and CD8+ Circulating Memory T Cells Are Crucial in the Protection Induced by Vaccination with Salmonella Typhi Porins. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9040770. [PMID: 33916894 PMCID: PMC8067540 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9040770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) porins, OmpC and OmpF, are potent inducers of the immune response against S. Typhi in mice and humans. Vaccination with porins induces the protection against 500 LD50 of S. Typhi, life-lasting bactericidal antibodies and effector T cell responses in mice; however, the nature of the memory T cell compartment and its contribution to protection remains unknown. In this work, we firstly observed that vaccination with porins induces in situ (skin) CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses. Analysis of the porin-specific functional responses of skin CD4+ and CD8+ T cells showed IFN-gamma- and IL-17-producing cells in both T cell populations. The memory phenotype of porin-specific T cells indicated the presence of resident and effector memory phenotypes in the skin, and a central memory phenotype in the skin-draining lymph node. In addition, we demonstrated that vaccination with porins via skin reduces the bacterial burden following challenge. Finally, evaluating the role of the circulating T cell memory population in protection, we showed that circulating memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are crucial in porin-mediated protection against S. Typhi. Overall, this study highlights the importance of inducing circulating memory T cell responses in order to achieve the optimal protection provided by porins, showing a mechanism that could be sought in the rational development of vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacan, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | - Alberto García-Lozano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
| | - Araceli Tepale-Segura
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Miguel Hidalgo, Ciudad de Mexico 11340, Mexico
| | - Tania Rivera-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
- Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología (CONACYT), Benito Juárez, Ciudad de Mexico 03940, Mexico
| | - Rodolfo Pastelin-Palacios
- Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Coyoacan, Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico;
| | - Armando Isibasi
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
| | - Lourdes A. Arriaga-Pizano
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
| | - Laura C. Bonifaz
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.B.); or (C.L.-M.)
| | - Constantino López-Macías
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional “Siglo XXI”, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Cuauhtemoc, Ciudad de Mexico 06720, Mexico; (L.O.-P.); (A.G.-L.); (A.T.-S.); (T.R.-H.); (A.I.); (L.A.A.-P.)
- Correspondence: (L.C.B.); or (C.L.-M.)
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Yüksel S, Pekcan M, Puralı N, Esendağlı G, Tavukçuoğlu E, Rivero-Arredondo V, Ontiveros-Padilla L, López-Macías C, Şenel S. Development and in vitro evaluation of a new adjuvant system containing Salmonella Typhi porins and chitosan. Int J Pharm 2020; 578:119129. [PMID: 32045689 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In order to improve the immunogenicity of the highly purified vaccine antigens, addition of an adjuvant to formulation, without affecting the safety of the vaccine, has been the key aim of the vaccine formulators. In recent years, adjuvants which are composed of a delivery system and immunopotentiators have been preferred to induce potent immune responses. In this study, we have combined Salmonella Typhi porins and chitosan to develop a new adjuvant system to enhance the immunogenicity of the highly purified antigens. Cationic gels, microparticle (1.69 ± 0.01 μm) and nanoparticles (337.7 ± 1.7 nm) based on chitosan were prepared with high loading efficiency of porins. Cellular uptake was examined by confocal laser scanning microscopy, and the macrophage activation was investigated by measuring the surface marker as well as the cytokine release in vitro in J774A.1 macrophage murine cells. Porins alone were not taken up by the macrophage cells whereas in combination with chitosan a significant uptake was obtained. Porins-chitosan combination systems were found to induce CD80, CD86 and MHC-II expressions at different levels by different formulations depending on the particle size. Similarly, TNF-α and IL-6 levels were found to increase with porins-chitosan combination. Our results demonstrated that combination of porins with chitosan as a particulate system exerts enhanced adjuvant effect, suggesting a promising adjuvant system for subunit vaccines with combined immunostimulating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Yüksel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mert Pekcan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara University, Dışkapı, 06110 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuhan Puralı
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Güneş Esendağlı
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ece Tavukçuoğlu
- Department of Basic Oncology, Hacettepe University Cancer Institute, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Vanessa Rivero-Arredondo
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Luis Ontiveros-Padilla
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Constantino López-Macías
- Unidad de Investigación Médica en Inmunoquímica, Hospital de Especialidades Centro Médico Nacional 'Siglo XXI', Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico.
| | - Sevda Şenel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
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