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Sedaghat M, Amouye Foumani A, Niknam AR. Controlling the characteristics of injected and accelerated electron bunch in corrugated plasma channel by temporally asymmetric laser pulses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8115. [PMID: 35581299 PMCID: PMC9114400 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11955-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In laser-driven plasma wakefield accelerators, the accelerating electric field is orders of magnitude stronger than in conventional radio-frequency particle accelerators, but the dephasing between the ultrarelativistic electron bunch and the wakefield traveling at the group velocity of the laser pulse puts a limit on the energy gain. Quasi-phase-matching, enabled by corrugated plasma channels, is a technique for overcoming the dephasing limitation. The attainable energy and the final properties of accelerated electron beams are of utmost importance in laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA). In this work, using two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations, the effect of the driving pulse duration on the performance of quasi-phase-matched laser wakefield acceleration (QPM-LWFA) is investigated. It is observed that for a pulse duration around half the plasma period, the maximum energy gain of the beam electrons finds its peak value. However, the results show that for a pulse of that duration the collimation of the bunch is much worse, compared to the case where the pulse duration is twice as long. Furthermore, the dynamics of the laser pulse and the evolution of the quality of the externally-injected electron bunch are studied for a symmetric pulse with sine-squared temporal profile, a positive skew pulse (i.e., one with sharp rise and slow fall), and a negative skew pulse (i.e., one with a slow rise and sharp fall). The results indicate that for a laser pulse with an appropriate pulse length compared with the plasma wavelength, the wakefield amplitude can be greatly enhanced by using a positive skew pulse, which leads to higher energy gain. Initially, this results from the stronger ponderomotive force associated with a fast rise time. Later, due to the distinct evolution of the three pulses with different initial profiles, the wakefield excited by the positive skew pulse becomes even stronger. In our simulations, the maximum energy gain for the asymmetric laser pulse with a fast rise time is almost two times larger than for the temporally symmetric laser pulse. Nevertheless, stronger focusing and defocusing fields are generated as well if a positive skew pulse is applied, which degrade the collimation of the bunch. These results should be taken into account in the design of miniature particle accelerators based on QPM-LWFA.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sedaghat
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Amouye Foumani
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - A R Niknam
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran.
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Zamani S, Honarvar MR, Behnampour N, Sheikhy M, Sedaghat M, Ghaemi S, Ghaemi EA. Decline in TB incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2021; 25:1043-1044. [PMID: 34886939 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.21.0548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S Zamani
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Gorgan, Iran, Department of Microbiology, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M R Honarvar
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Gorgan, Iran
| | - N Behnampour
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M Sheikhy
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Gorgan, Iran
| | - M Sedaghat
- Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Gorgan, Iran
| | - S Ghaemi
- Faculty of Veterinary, Babol Branch, Islamic Azad University, Babol, Iran
| | - E A Ghaemi
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Gorgan, Iran, Department of Microbiology, Gorgan, Iran
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Sedaghat M, Barzegar S, Niknam AR. Quasi-phase-matched laser wakefield acceleration of electrons in an axially density-modulated plasma channel. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15207. [PMID: 34312453 PMCID: PMC8313720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94751-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Quasi-phase matching in corrugated plasma channels has been proposed as a way to overcome the dephasing limitation in laser wakefield accelerators. In this study, the phase-lock dynamics of a relatively long electron bunch injected in an axially-modulated plasma waveguide is investigated by performing particle simulations. The main objective here is to obtain a better understanding of how the transverse and longitudinal components of the wakefield as well as the initial properties of the beam affect its evolution and qualities. The results indicate that the modulation of the electron beam generates trains of electron microbunches. It is shown that increasing the initial energy of the electron beam leads to a reduction in its final energy spread and produces a more collimated electron bunch. For larger bunch diameters, the final emittance of the electron beam increases due to the stronger experienced transverse forces and the larger diameter itself. Increasing the laser power improves the maximum energy gain of the electron beam. However, the stronger generated focusing and defocusing fields degrade the collimation of the bunch.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sedaghat
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Barzegar
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran
| | - A R Niknam
- Laser and Plasma Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, 1983969411, Tehran, Iran.
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Sedaghat M, Siadat SD, Shahcheraghi F, Mirabzadeh Ardakani E, Keramati M, Vaziri F, Nojoumi SA. Assessment of Mouse Ileal loop Protection against Clinically Isolated Vibrio cholerae Outer Membrane Vesicles as a Vaccine Candidate. Arch Razi Inst 2021; 75:451-461. [PMID: 33403840 DOI: 10.22092/ari.2019.126909.1365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
Cholera, a life-threatening disease caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Vibrio cholera, remains a concern in developing countries. The present study investigated the immunogenicity and protective immunity of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and combination of OMV and killed whole cells (WC) of a local strain isolated from the last outbreak in Iran in addition to reference and local strains of V. cholerae El Tor O1 in comparison to Dukoral vaccine in mice model. The protein content, morphology, and size of extracted OMVs were evaluated by electrophoresis and microscopic analyses, respectively. The serum titers of total immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, IgG2a, and immunoglobulin A (IgA) in addition to secretory IgA and total IgG in different mice groups were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, fluid accumulation (FA) assay regarding the resistance to live strain of V. cholerae in ligated ileal loops was carried out to determine immunogenicity by OMV or combination of OMV and WC in comparison to that reported for Dukoral vaccine. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of purified OMVs indicated protein profiles within the range of 34-52 kDa. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy demonstrated the spherical shaped vesicles of 50-200 nm. The results of ELISA showed significant titers of systemic and mucosal immune anti-OMV IgGs in immunized BALB/c mice with different vaccine regimens. Additionally, a notable increase in the FA ratio was demonstrated in this study. The obtained results of the present study revealed that the WC-OMV combination of local strain can induce a high level of antibody response indicating more protection than OMV or WC separately. Moreover, it can be considered an effective immunogen against V. cholerae.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sedaghat
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Tehran, Iran
| | - S D Siadat
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Shahcheraghi
- Department of Bacteriology, Pasteur Institute of Tehran, Iran
| | | | - M Keramati
- Department of Pilot of Nano-Biotechnology, Pasteur Institute of Tehran, Iran
| | - F Vaziri
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - S A Nojoumi
- Microbiology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.,Mycobacteriology & Pulmonary Research Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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Sedaghat M, Siadat SD, Mirabzadeh Ardakani E, Keramati M, Vaziri F, Shahcheraghi F. Determination of bactericidal activity of serum against Vibrio cholerae outer membrane vesicles in BALB/c mice. vacres 2018. [DOI: 10.29252/vacres.5.2.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Salahi-Moghaddam A, Khoshdel A, Dalaei H, Pakdad K, Nutifafa GG, Sedaghat MM. Spatial changes in the distribution of malaria vectors during the past 5 decades in Iran. Acta Trop 2017; 166:45-53. [PMID: 27826012 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Global warming and climate change affect various aspects of mankind, including public health. Anopheles mosquitoes are of Public Health importance and can be affected by global warming and other environmental variables. Here, we studied the distribution of Anopheles vectors of malaria in relation to environmental variables in Iran. METHODS Long-term meteorological and entomological data of about 50 years in retrospect were collected and arranged in a geo-database and analyzed using ArcGIS ver. 9.3 and exported to SPSS ver. 20 for statistical analysis. RESULTS Distribution maps have been updated for seven species of Anopheles vectors of malaria which involved Anopheles culicifacies s.l., An. fluviatilis s.l., An. stephensi, An. dthali, An. sacharovi, An. maculipennis.l. and An. superpictus in Iran. Distribution maps of vectors were made based on district areas using Kriging model. Historical and recent records were demonstrated for each Anopheles based on climatic factors in the distribution areas of each Anopheles vectors. DISCUSSION Iran, like other parts of the world is faced with warming and this probably affected the distribution of Anopheles vectors. Despite the warming phenomenon, the country's climate had changed during the cold season as temperatures became colder or cooler. This study shows that some vectors had migrated from the central part of Iran with dry and sunny landscape, moved towards the mountainous areas of the north or the warm and humid areas of the south. Historical records show that these anophelines have previously been distributed in lowland areas. If this process continues in the future, Anopheles mosquitoes may be seen in low lands with cold areas in central and northern parts of the country or will occupy humid and warm climates in the southern parts of the country where water is more available.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Salahi-Moghaddam
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences (HUMS), Iran
| | - A Khoshdel
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - H Dalaei
- Research Deputy of Meteorological Organization, Iran
| | - K Pakdad
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran
| | - G G Nutifafa
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran
| | - M M Sedaghat
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Iran.
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Sadeghniiat-Haghighi K, Khajeh-Mehrizi A, Rahimi-Golkhandan A, Sedaghat M. Prevalence of patients at high risk of obstructive sleep apnea among individuals admitted for myocardial infarction. Sleep Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2015.02.1470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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8
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Ganjali MR, Hosseini M, Motalebi M, Sedaghat M, Mizani F, Faridbod F, Norouzi P. Selective recognition of Ni2+ ion based on fluorescence enhancement chemosensor. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 140:283-287. [PMID: 25615675 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.12.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2014] [Revised: 11/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new enhancing fluorescent chemosensor was introduced for selective and sensitive determination of nickel ions based on 2-(1-H-benzo[d]imidazol-2yl)-N-phenyl hydrazine carbothioamide (L). L has an intrinsic fluorescent emission which enhances in presence of nickel ions in CH3CN/H2O (70:30, v/v) solution. The fluorescence enhancement of L is attributed to a 1:1 complex formation between L and Ni2+ ion which has been used for selective detection of Ni2+ ion. At the optimum conditions, the fluorescence intensity of L at 352 nm enhances linearly by the concentration of nickel ion from 1.6×10(-5) to 1.6×10(-7) M and detection limit of 7.9×10(-8) M. The new fluorescent probe exhibited high selectivity to Ni2+ ion over the other common mono, di-and trivalent cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Hosseini
- Department of life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Motalebi
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Sedaghat
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Mizani
- Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University, PO Box 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - F Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - P Norouzi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology & Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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9
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Faridbod F, Sedaghat M, Hosseini M, Ganjali MR, Khoobi M, Shafiee A, Norouzi P. Turn-on fluorescent chemosensor for determination of lutetium ion. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 137:1231-1234. [PMID: 25305615 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A turn-on fluorescent chemosensor is introduced for the detection of Lu(3+) ion using N-[3-methyl]-2-[pyridine-2-amido] phenyl] pyridine-2-carboxamide (L) molecule. Fluorescent emission intensity of L enhances after binding to Lu(3+) ions in ethanol-water solution (1:9, v/v). The observed enhancement is the result of a strong covalent binding between Lu(3+) ion and L (the binding constant value is 2.0×10(6) mol(-1) L). The proposed optical chemosensor can be applied for the analysis of Lu(3+) ion in a linear range of 3.3×10(-7) to 1.0×10(-5) mol L(-1). The limit of detection was obtained 8.6×10(-7) mol L(-1). The probe exhibits high selectivity toward Lu(3+) ion in comparison with common metal ions. The proposed fluorescent chemosensor was successfully used in the determination of Lu(3+) ion in some water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Faridbod
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - M Sedaghat
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Hosseini
- Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences & Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M R Ganjali
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Cellular-Molecular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Khoobi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - A Shafiee
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 14176, Iran
| | - P Norouzi
- Center of Excellence in Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran; Biosensor Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Cellular-Molecular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Jafari R, Najafzadeh N, Sedaghat MM, Parvizi P. Molecular characterization of sandflies and Leishmania detection in main vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Abarkouh district of Yazd province, Iran. ASIAN PAC J TROP MED 2013; 6:792-7. [DOI: 10.1016/s1995-7645(13)60140-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Haresabadi M, Sedaghat M, Vejdani MA, Ahrari SH, Toghian CHaharsougi N, Momeni AV. Epidemiologic Study of acute poisoning in children aged under 12 years referred to Imam Reza hospital, 2010-2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.29252/jnkums.5.1.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Vatandoost H, Sanei Dehkordi A, Sadeghi SMT, Davari B, Karimian F, Abai MR, Sedaghat MM. Identification of chemical constituents and larvicidal activity of Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian essential oil against two mosquito vectors Anopheles stephensi and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae). Exp Parasitol 2012; 132:470-4. [PMID: 23022522 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2012] [Revised: 09/08/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The larvicidal activity of essential oil extracted from an indigenous plant, Kelussia odoratissima Mozaffarian was evaluated against two mosquito species, Anopheles stephensi and Culex pipiens. The chemical composition of the essential oil obtained by hydrodistillation from branch tips and leaf of this plant was determined by GC and GC/MS analysis. Forty-nine constituents were identified in the oil. The main constituents of the oil were Z-ligustilide (77.73%), 2-octen-1-ol acetate (6.27%), E-ligustilide (2.27%) and butylidene phthalide (1.97%). Five different logarithmic concentrations of essential oil were evaluated against the 4th instar larvae of An. Stephensi and Cx. pipiens. The LC(50) and LC(90) values against An. stephensi larvae were 4.88 and 9.60 ppm and for Cx. pipiens were 2.69 and 7.90 ppm, respectively. These properties suggest that K. odoratissima oil has potential source of valuable larvicidal compounds for mosquito larval control. This plant which causes high mortality at lower dose could be considered as a highly active plant. In this paper a guideline suggested for larvicidal activity of plant essential oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Vatandoost
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 14155-6446, Tehran, Iran
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Dehghani R, Sedaghat MM, Bidgoli MS. Wound Myiasis due to Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae) in Persian Horned Viper, Pseudocerastes persicus (Squamata: Viperidae). J Arthropod Borne Dis 2012; 6:86-9. [PMID: 23293783 PMCID: PMC3528169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
A case of myiasis due to Musca domestica describes in Pseudocerastes persicus for the first time. The snake was found in Bari Karafs, Kashan, Iran, with a lesion on its body. Fourteen live larvae of M. domestica removed from its wound. This is the first report of a new larval habitat of M. domestica.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Dehghani
- Dept of Environment Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - MM Sedaghat
- Dept of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health, Teheran University of Medical Sciences, Iran,Corresponding author: Dr Mohammad Mehdi Sedaghat, E-mail:
| | - M Sabahi Bidgoli
- Dept of Environment Health, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Hanafi-Bojd AA, Vatandoost H, Oshaghi MA, Charrahy Z, Haghdoost AA, Sedaghat MM, Abedi F, Soltani M, Raeisi A. Larval habitats and biodiversity of anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in a malarious area of southern Iran. J Vector Borne Dis 2012; 49:91-100. [PMID: 22898481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Malaria is the most important mosquito-borne disease in Iran. It is endemic in south to southeastern part of the country. Knowledge about bio-ecology of vectors will support authorities for appropriate management of the disease. Bashagard district is one of the main endemic areas for malaria in south of Iran. This study was conducted to determine anopheline fauna, diversity and affinity in the area, characterization of larval habitats, and mapping their potential distribution across the district. METHODS The potential aquatic habitats for Anopheles larvae were extracted from Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS) image and digital elevation model of the area using GIS. Surface water bodies were sampled monthly during 2009–10 for anopheline larvae, while characteristics of their physical environment were recorded and water samples were analyzed. RESULTS A total of 4511 Anopheles larvae were found during the year with the lowest and highest frequencies in February and April, respectively. Dominant species was Anopheles culicifacies. The Shanon diversity index ranged from 0.570–0.829 at fixed collection sites, while the affinity index was significant among some vector species. CONCLUSION Riversides and riverbeds were the main breeding places which provided sandy, rocky, and clay beds for different species. The potential breeding places as well as distribution of collected species were mapped. Knowledge about ecology of malaria vectors provides information to health sector for effective control programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hanafi-Bojd
- Department of Medical Entomology & Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
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Semsari S, Zakeri A, Sadighzadeh A, Khademzadeh S, Sedaghat M, Torabi M, Damideh V. Comparison of High-Energy He+ and D+ Irradiation Impact on Tungsten Surface in the IR-IECF Device. J Fusion Energ 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-012-9540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Haji Ebrahimi E, Amrollahi R, Sadighzadeh A, Torabi M, Sedaghat M, Sabri R, Pourshahab B, Damideh V. The Influence of Cathode Voltage and Discharge Current on Neutron Production Rate of Inertial Electrostatic Confinement Fusion (IR-IECF). J Fusion Energ 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-012-9524-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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MacRae S, Sedaghat M, Lewis J. The effect of a localized lower limb joint mobilisation on the plantarflexion inversion straight leg raise test. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.3233/ppr-2012-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. MacRae
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - M. Sedaghat
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - J.S. Lewis
- Chelsea and Westminster NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- St George's Hospital, London, UK
- Central London Community Healthcare, London, UK
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Karimian F, Sedaghat MM, Oshaghi MA, Mohtarami F, Dehkordi AS, Koosha M, Akbari S, Hashemi-Aghdam SS. Utility of filter paper for preserving insects, bacteria, and host reservoir DNA for molecular testing. Iran J Arthropod Borne Dis 2011; 5:42-50. [PMID: 22808417 PMCID: PMC3385577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Appropriate methodology for storage biological materials, extraction of DNA, and proper DNA preservation is vital for studies involving genetic analysis of insects, bacteria, and reservoir hosts as well as for molecular diagnostics of pathogens carried by vectors and reservoirs. Here we tried to evaluate the utility of a simple filter paper-based for storage of insects, bacteria, rodent, and human DNAs using PCR assays. METHODS Total body or haemolymph of individual mosquitoes, sand flies or cockroaches squashed or placed on the paper respectively. Extracted DNA of five different bacteria species as well as blood specimens of human and great gerbil Rhombomys opimus was pipetted directly onto filter paper. The papers were stored in room temperature up to 12 months during 2009 until 2011. At monthly intervals, PCR was conducted using a 1-mm disk from the DNA impregnated filter paper as target DNA. PCR amplification was performed against different target genes of the organisms including the ITS2-rDNA of mosquitoes, mtDNA-COI of the sand flies and cockroaches, 16SrRNA gene of the bacteria, and the mtDNA-CytB of the vertebrates. RESULTS Successful PCR amplification was observed for all of the specimens regardless of the loci, taxon, or time of storage. The PCR amplification were ranged from 462 to 1500 bp and worked well for the specified target gene/s. Time of storage did not affect the amplification up to one year. CONCLUSION The filter paper method is a simple and economical way to store, to preserve, and to distribute DNA samples for PCR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - MA Oshaghi
- Corresponding author: Dr Mohammad Ali Oshaghi, E-mail:
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Semsari S, Sadighzadeh A, Zakeri A, Khademzade S, Torabi M, Sedaghat M, Damideh V. The Effect of High Temperature He+ Implantation on Polycrystalline Tungsten in IR-IECF. J Fusion Energ 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10894-011-9481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Hanafi-Bojd AA, Vatandoost H, Oshaghi MA, Eshraghian MR, Haghdoost AA, Abedi F, Zamani G, Sedaghat MM, Rashidian A, Madani AH, Raeisi A. Knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding malaria control in an endemic area of southern Iran. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2011; 42:491-501. [PMID: 21706926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Iran is in the malaria pre-elimination stage. In this situation community based strategies are important for malaria control. In order to intensify elimination activities we need to have a better understanding of the knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) of malaria prevention in the community. We carried out a KAP study in one malaria endemic district in southern Iran in 2009 using a structured questionnaire. Five villages with indigenous malaria cases during the previous year and a high potential for anopheline mosquito breeding were selected. All the households in each village were visited and the head of the household or other responsible adult was interviewed. Data were analyzed using SPSS 11.5. A total of 494 respondents from the five villages participated. More than 33% of people in the study area were living in sheds with poor facilities. The illiteracy level of the studied population was high (44.2%) and significantly affected the knowledge and practices of the respondents about malaria control (p<0.05). Descriptive analysis showed significant differences between sex, job and history of malaria infection of the respondents and their knowledge and practices about malaria control (p<0.05). Knowledge of the respondents about the route of transmission in malaria was good; 72.1% knew mosquitoes were the vector. Most people knew at least one symptom of the disease. The practices of respondents were 59.5% for bednet use and 9.3% for screening windows. The knowledge, attitudes and practices of respondents in this survey about malaria control were good in some cases, but in general needed to be improved with educational programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Hanafi-Bojd
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health and National Institute for Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Fata S, Derakhshan A, Boloorian A, Sedaghat M, Khakshoor H, Berenji F, Najafzadeh M, aghee MA, Meshkat M, FATA A. Mycotic keratitis in Mashhad, Iran: Predisposing factors, etiologic agents & clinical manifestation. Int J Infect Dis 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2010.02.1749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Rafinejad J, Zareii A, Akbarzadeh K, Azad M, Biglaryan F, Doosti S, Sedaghat MM. Faunestic study of ants with emphasis on the health risk of stinging ants in qeshm island, iran. Iran J Arthropod Borne Dis 2009; 3:53-9. [PMID: 22808373 PMCID: PMC3385528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2009] [Accepted: 09/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Qeshm (26.75N, 55.82E), Iran, is 1500 km² island in the Strait of Hormuz. Qeshm is a free trade zone, acting as an important channel for international commerce, and has been the site of much recent development. There is potential risk of stinging ant attacks for residents and visitors that may occur in the island. The aims of this study were to find out the fauna, dispersion, and some of the biological features of ant species with special attention to those, which can play role on the public health of the island. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we surveyed ants around the island using non-attractive pitfall traps and active collection to evaluate potential threats to humans and other species during 2006-2007. All collected specimens were identified using the morphological ant keys. RESULTS ONLY SIX ANT SPECIES WERE FOUND: Pachycondyla sennaarensis (41%), Polyrhachis lacteipennis (23%), Camponotus fellah (16%), Cataglyphis niger (9%), Tapinoma simrothi (7%), and Messor galla (4%). CONCLUSION We were surprised not to find any cosmopolitan tramp ants so often associated with commerce and development. Instead, all six species may be native to the Middle Eastern region. The most common species, P. sennaarensis, has a powerful sting and appears to do well around human habitations. This species may prove to be a serious pest on the island.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rafinejad
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Zareii
- Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Branch, Qeshm, Iran
| | - K Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Azad
- Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Branch, Qeshm, Iran
| | - F Biglaryan
- Department of Education, district 2, Tehran, Iran
| | - S Doosti
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - MM Sedaghat
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Meysamie A, Sedaghat M, Mahmoodi M, Ghodsi SM, Eftekhar B. Opium use in a rural area of the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 2009; 15:425-431. [PMID: 19554990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Because of its geographic proximity to the major drug production centres, there is easy access to narcotic drugs in the Islamic Republic of Iran despite efforts by governmental and nongovernmental organizations. Using a structured questionnaire as a basis for conversation, local health workers interviewed 310 residents of a rural area in Babol province about opium use. The self-reported rate of opium use, adjusted due to a bias in the sex ratio of the sample, was 8.9%. All the 42 opium users reported opium use at least 2-3 times per week in the previous 3 months. Opium was smoked by 95.2% and taken orally by 4.8%; there was no injecting use. There was no reported use of other substances, including alcohol. There was a statistically significant relationship between opium use and male sex, unemployment and cigarette smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Meysamie
- Department of Community Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Abstract
Absconding by psychiatric patients from acute psychiatric wards has been a significant problem for some time. This study was conducted to identify the incidence rate of absconding in a psychiatric hospital and some of the characteristics of patients who had escaped from hospital in year 2006. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, all of absconds in our centre have been registered in the period of 9 months. We assessed patients' age, gender, marital status, hospital stay, substance abuse, psychiatric diagnosis and site of absconding. A total of 43 cases of absconding have been registered in this period, attempted by 35 patients, with the incidence rate of 3% in our centre. The mean age of absconders was 31.7 years; 95.3% of absconds were made by men; 67.4% were single; 37.4% absconded through the main door; 62.8% of our absconders had bipolar mood disorder or schizophrenia; mean in hospital stay before absconding was 18.4 days; and 53.5% of absconds were attempted by substance users. Absconders utilize a significant portion of hospital resources and have an adverse effect on ward milieu. It seems that the patients who are more prone to abscond are male, young, single, addict, with the diagnosis of bipolar mood disorder or schizophrenia and patients who are admitted not long ago.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Yasini
- Tehran University, Tehran, Iran.
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Meysamie A, Sedaghat M, Mahmoodi M, Ghodsi S, Eftekhar B. Opium use in a rural area of the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 2009. [DOI: 10.26719/2009.15.2.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Mehrpour O, Alfred S, Shadnia S, Keyler DE, Soltaninejad K, Chalaki N, Sedaghat M. Hyperglycemia in acute aluminum phosphide poisoning as a potential prognostic factor. Hum Exp Toxicol 2008; 27:591-5. [PMID: 18829736 DOI: 10.1177/0960327108096382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is a solid fumigant widely used in Iran as a grain preservative. When reacted with water or acids, AIP produces phosphine gas, a mitochondrial poison that interferes with oxidative phosphorylation and protein synthesis. Poisoning by AIP is one of the most important causes of fatal chemical toxicity in Iran. There are few studies in the medical literature addressing prognostic factors associated with AlP poisoning. In this prospective study conducted across a 14-month period commencing on 21st March 2006, we enrolled all patients admitted to the ICU of Loghman-Hakim Hospital Poison Center (Tehran, Iran) with AIP poisoning, no history of diabetes mellitus diagnosed before hospitalization, and normal body mass index. We recorded patient-specific demographic information, blood glucose level on presentation (before treatment), arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis, time elapsed between ingestion and presentation, ingested dose, duration of intensive care admission, and outcome data related to each presentation. We enrolled the group of patients who survived the intoxication as a control group and compared their blood glucose levels with those who died because of AlP poisoning. Data were analyzed by Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) software (Version 12; Chicago, Ilinois, USA) using logistic regression, Pearson correlation coefficient and Student's t-test. P values of 0.05 or less were considered as the statistical significant levels. Forty-five patients (21 women and 24 men) with acute AlP poisoning were included in the study. The mean age was 27.3 +/- 11.5 years (range: 14-62 years). Thirteen patients survived (29%) and 32 expired (71%). AlP poisoning followed deliberate ingestion in all patients. The time elapsed between ingestion and arrival at the hospital was 3.2 +/- 0.4 h. There was no significant difference between survived and non-survived groups according to age, gender, and time to treatment. However, the difference between mean blood glucose levels in survived (143.4 +/- 13.7 mg/dL) and non-survived (222.6 +/- 20 mg/dL) cases was statistically significant (P = 0.021). There was no significant correlation between blood glucose level and time to treatment, age, gender, pH, HCO3 concentration, and ingested dose. Twenty-three (71.9%) of non-survived and four (30.8%) of survived patients had a blood glucose level greater than 140 mg/dL. After adjusting according to age, gender, ingested dose, pH and HCO3 concentration The odds ratio for hyperglycemia as a risk factor for death was 5.7 (CI of 1.4-23.4). In our study, patients who succumbed to AIP poisoning had significantly higher mean blood glucose levels than those who survived. This correlation of hyperglycemic effect and mortality suggests that it may be useful in guiding risk assessment and treatment of AIP poisoning. Management of hyperglycemia may have a useful role in treatment of these patients by allowing increased entrance of glucose into cells and reducing oxygen consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Mehrpour
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Sciences/University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
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Sedaghat M, Zarei-Ghanavati S, Shokoohi S, Ghasemi A. Panuveitis and dermal vasculitis following MMR vaccination. East Mediterr Health J 2007; 13:470-4. [PMID: 17684869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Sedaghat
- Khatam-Al-Anbia Eye Hospital, Mashad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Islamic Republic of Iran.
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Pajouhi M, Mahdavi-Mazdeh M, Larijani B, Soltani A, Sedaghat M, Hamidi Z. Assessment of Bone Structure in Renal Transplant Recipients: Comparison of Phalangeal Qualitative Ultrasound and Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry. Transplant Proc 2005; 37:3112-5. [PMID: 16213323 DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2005.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
According to the WHO criteria many renal transplant patients display osteopenia or osteoporosis. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), the standard method to assess bone mineral density (BMD), is not always available. Quantitative ultrasound (QUS) of the phalanx is an inexpensive, mobile, and radiation-free diagnostic alternative. Few data address the correlation of this method with DXA in renal transplant patients. This study assessed the value of QUS compared with DXA to detect changes in bone structure among renal transplant recipients. This cross-sectional study of 42 patients (22 women), of mean age 40.2 +/- 11.9 years, mean time since transplantation of 2.8 +/- 2.9 years, and mean dialysis time of 8.55 +/- 10.26 months, included. DXA for bone mineral densitometry of the hip (neck and total femur) and spine as well as QUS to measure the amplitude-dependent speed of sound (Ad-SOS) in the phalanx. Using DXA, osteoporosis was observed in 19% of all patients: 9.5% in femoral neck, 9.5% in total region of the femur, and 9.5% in the spinal region. The sensitivity of Ad-SOS for osteoporosis diagnosis in the above regions were 100%, 75%, and 25%, respectively; its specificity was 45%, 43%, and 37%, respectively. There was no significant relation between the two methods for diagnosis of osteoporosis in any region. QUS of phalanx can be recommended for osteoporosis screening in renal transplant patients. Those suspected of osteoporosis should be examined by additional DXA measurements in order to establish the diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pajouhi
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center of Tehran University of Medical Sciences (EMRC-TUMS), Tehran, Iran
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Sedaghat MM, Linton YM, Oshaghi MA, Vatandoost H, Harbach RE. The Anopheles maculipennis complex (Diptera: Culicidae) in Iran: molecular characterization and recognition of a new species. Bull Entomol Res 2003; 93:527-535. [PMID: 14704099 DOI: 10.1079/ber2003272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Mosquitoes of the Anopheles maculipennis complex were collected in nine provinces of Iran (Esfahan, Fars, Gilan, Golestan, Kohkiluyeh va Boyerahmad, Mazandaran, Tehran, Azarbaijan-e Gharbi and Zanjan) between June 1983 and September 2002. The nuclear rDNA ITS2 sequences of 86 specimens were compared with those of seven species of the complex available in GenBank. Three genetically distinct species of the complex were distinguished: A. maculipennis Meigen, A. sacharovi Favre and a previously unrecognized species. The last species is most similar to, but clearly distinct from, A. martinius Shingarev and A. sacharovi. The taxonomy of A. martinius and A. sacharovi is critically reviewed, and justification is provided for formally recognizing the third species as Anopheles persiensis sp.n. The new species is the first culicid to be characterized and named principally on the basis of DNA evidence. Anopheles persiensis was collected only in the northern Caspian Sea littoral provinces of Gilan and Mazandaran, and it seems likely that this species could be responsible for malaria transmission in this region that was previously attributed to A. maculipennis. A species-specific RFLP-PCR assay based on ITS2 sequences was developed to facilitate further studies of the three species in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Sedaghat
- Department of Medical Entomology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Oshaghi MA, Sedaghat MM, Vatandoost H. Molecular characterization of the Anopheles maculipennis complex in the Islamic Republic of Iran. East Mediterr Health J 2003; 9:659-66. [PMID: 15748063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay using species-specific primers and direct sequencing was used to identify members of the Anopheles maculipennis complex in the north-west and central regions of the Islamic Republic of Iran. Specimens were collected from 9 provinces during 2 seasonal activities in 2001-2002, identified morphologically and subjected to PCR assay and direct sequencing. Results showed that only 2 species, An. maculipennis Meigen, and An. sacharovi Faver, were present in the area of study. This was confirmed by the high similarity (99.2%-100%) of their sequences with those available in GenBank. The molecular data and relative distribution of these species in relation to their vectorial capacity and the epidemiology of malaria in the region are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Oshaghi
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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