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Verhoef REJ, Hofstee M, Endendijk JJ, Huijding J, Deković M. Stability and change in maternal parenting profiles across infancy and toddlerhood. Dev Psychol 2023; 59:2223-2236. [PMID: 37650817 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
During infancy and toddlerhood, parents show large individual differences in the extent to which they are able to tailor their parenting behaviors to their children's swiftly changing developmental needs. The first aim of our study was, therefore, to distinguish parenting profiles at three time points during infancy and toddlerhood (i.e., 5, 10, and 36 months) based on mothers' supportive presence, structure and limit-setting, and quality of instruction, as well as to examine the stability of profile structure and profile membership across time. The second aim was to examine how profile membership and profile transitions at each time point are associated with relevant parental, contextual, and child-specific factors. Data from 244 Dutch mother-child dyads were collected at three waves: when children were approximately 5 months (n = 203), 10 months (n = 181), and 3 years of age (n = 178). We found three types of parenting profiles at each wave: a competent profile, a sufficient profile, and a maladaptive profile. Only the competent parenting profile was found to have a stable structure across all three waves. In general, profile membership was least stable for the maladaptive profile. Results also showed that maternal agreeableness and a higher educational level increased the likelihood to exhibit a more competent parenting profile. Our findings advance our understanding of how parenting profiles might change due to children's swiftly changing needs and inform efforts to tailor parenting interventions to individual parents. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marissa Hofstee
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
| | | | - Jorg Huijding
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
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Meijer L, Franz MR, Deković M, van Ee E, Finkenauer C, Kleber RJ, van de Putte EM, Thomaes K. Towards a more comprehensive understanding of PTSD and parenting. Compr Psychiatry 2023; 127:152423. [PMID: 37722204 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2023.152423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on parenting and the parent-child relationship has been well-documented in the scientific literature. However, some conceptual and methodological challenges within this research field remain. PROCEDURE We reflect on a number of challenges that we identified while examining the literature in preparation of an individual participant data meta-analysis on the relationships between PTSD and parenting. FINDINGS We address 1) the presence of 'trauma-islands'; 2) the need for transdiagnostic theoretical frameworks for mechanisms between PTSD and parenting; 3) the lack of developmental perspectives; 4) the overuse of self-reported retrospective measures; 5) the need to study more diverse samples and cultural contexts; and 6) the lack of research on resilience and post-traumatic growth in parenting. Based on these reflections, we offer suggestions on strategies for responding to these challenges through: 1) welcoming open science; 2) working towards shared theoretical frameworks; 3) doing more longitudinal research 4) expanding the methodological palette; 5) centering lived experience; and 6) taking systemic inequality into account. CONCLUSION With this commentary, we aim to open a discussion on next steps towards a more comprehensive understanding of the association between PTSD and parenting, and inspire collaborative research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurien Meijer
- Sinai Centrum Arkin Mental Health Care, Amstelveen, Laan van de Helende Meesters 2, 1186 AM Amstelveen, the Netherlands; Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Molly R Franz
- Department of Psychology, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, United States
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elisa van Ee
- Psychotraumacentrum Zuid Nederland, Den Bosch, Bethaniestraat 10, 5211 LJ 's Hertogenbosch, the Netherlands; Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Thomas Van Aquinostraat 4, 6525 GD Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Catrin Finkenauer
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Science, Utrecht University, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rolf J Kleber
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Elise M van de Putte
- Wilhelmina Children's Hospital / University Medical Center Utrecht, Lundlaan 6, 3584 EA Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Kathleen Thomaes
- Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam University Medical Centre/VUmc, Laan van de Helende Meesters 2, 1186 AM Amstelveen, the Netherlands
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van der Stouwe T, Leijten P, Asscher JJ, Deković M, van der Put CE. Adding Structured Components to Home Visitation to Reduce Mothers' Risk for Child Maltreatment: a Randomized Controlled Trial. J Fam Violence 2023:1-14. [PMID: 36817847 PMCID: PMC9924864 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-023-00509-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Home visitation program effects are generally small, which may be caused by flexible intervention content leading to inconsistent outcomes. In this study we therefore examined whether the effectiveness of a Dutch home visitation program (i.e., Supportive Parenting) can be improved by adding structured intervention components targeting key risk factors for child maltreatment: parental sense of competence, perceived stress, parental anger, and PTSD symptoms. Method Participants were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 74) that received four additional intervention components in two home visits, or a control group (n = 60) that received regular Supportive Parenting. Outcomes were assessed before (T1) and after (T2) the first, and before (T3) and after (T4) the second home visit. Effects were examined using ANCOVA for primary outcomes: parental sense of competence, perceived stress, parental anger, and PTSD symptoms, and secondary outcomes: risk of child maltreatment, parental warmth, and negative parenting. Moderation effects were examined for T1 scores, child temperament and life events. Results Mothers who received the intervention components showed less stress compared to the control group at T3 and T4. There were no differences between groups on other outcomes and no moderation effects, although parental sense of competence reduced and anger increased within the experimental group specifically. Conclusion The structured components may enhance the effectiveness of Supportive Parenting to reduce parenting stress. Future research into how other outcomes can be improved is needed. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10896-023-00509-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trudy van der Stouwe
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 15776, 1001 NG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Patty Leijten
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 15776, 1001 NG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica J. Asscher
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Post Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Post Box 80140, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Claudia E. van der Put
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Post Box 15776, 1001 NG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Hofstee M, Huijding J, Cuevas K, Deković M. Self-regulation and frontal EEG alpha activity during infancy and early childhood: A multilevel meta-analysis. Dev Sci 2022; 25:e13298. [PMID: 35737962 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Integrating behavioral and neurophysiological measures has created new and advanced ways to understand the development of self-regulation. Electroencephalography (EEG) has been used to examine how self-regulatory processes are related to frontal alpha power during infancy and early childhood. However, findings across previous studies have been inconsistent. To address this issue, the current meta-analysis synthesized all prior literature examining associations between individual differences in self-regulation and frontal EEG alpha power (baseline and/or task). In total, 23 studies consisting of 1275 participants between 1 month and 6 years of age were included, which yielded 149 effect sizes. Findings of the three-level meta-analytic model demonstrated a non-significant overall association between self-regulation and frontal alpha power. Yet, significant moderating effects were found for self-regulation construct (emotion regulation, effortful control, executive function), self-regulation measurement (behavioral task, computer assessment, lab observation, questionnaire), and children's mean age. Self-regulation was only significantly correlated with frontal alpha power when studies focused on the executive functioning construct. Moreover, the use of behavioral tasks or questionnaires and a higher mean age of the children resulted in small but significant effect size estimates. Higher frontal alpha power values were related to higher order top-down mechanisms of self-regulation, indicating that these mechanisms might become stronger when the frontal cortex is sufficiently developed. The findings of the current meta-analysis highlight the importance of longitudinal analyses and multimethod approaches in future work to reach a more comprehensive understanding of the role of frontal EEG alpha activity in the etiology of individual differences in early self-regulation. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS: The first meta-analysis of individual differences in self-regulation and frontal EEG alpha power during infancy and early childhood demonstrated a non-significant overall association. Moderation analyses revealed that variations in frontal alpha power were significantly associated with executive function, but not with effortful control and emotion regulation. Frontal alpha power was related to variations in self-regulation when measured by behavioral tasks and questionnaires, but not via computer assessments and lab observations. The association between individual differences in self-regulation and frontal alpha power becomes significantly stronger with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa Hofstee
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jorg Huijding
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kimberly Cuevas
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Connecticut, United States
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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van Dijk R, van der Valk IE, Deković M, Branje S. Triangulation and child adjustment after parental divorce: Underlying mechanisms and risk factors. J Fam Psychol 2022; 36:1117-1131. [PMID: 35771503 DOI: 10.1037/fam0001008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Parental triangulation is a particular risk to healthy child adjustment after divorce. However, detailed knowledge is lacking on how triangulation predicts child adjustment, and whether some children are more vulnerable to triangulation's effects. Therefore, the present study used a sample of 135 children (Mage = 11.76) and 130 parents from 77 recently divorced families to identify whether intrapersonal processes (loyalty conflicts, self-blame, and self-esteem) underlie the link between postdivorce triangulation and child adjustment over a period of 2 years. We also explored whether these direct and indirect effects were dependent on children's environmental sensitivity and empathy. By means of path analysis in MPlus, the mediation analyses indicated that more triangulation was only indirectly associated with a relative increase in children's internalizing problems, via experiencing more loyalty conflicts and lower self-esteem. Loyalty conflicts also explained the link between triangulation and children's externalizing problems. Yet, there were no indirect effects via children's self-blame attributions. Second, moderation analyses revealed that the effect of triangulation was dependent on children's level of empathy, but not sensitivity. Children scoring high on empathy showed a stronger association between triangulation and child-reported adjustment problems, both directly and indirectly via loyalty conflicts and self-esteem. There were hardly any significant effects for parent-reported child adjustment. Overall, the present study calls for more awareness on the adversity of postdivorce triangulation for children, its working mechanisms, and the factors that make children more vulnerable to its detrimental effects. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Dong S, Dubas JS, Deković M, Wang Z. Goodness of fit in the Chinese context of socialization in the first three years. Dev Psychol 2022; 58:1875-1886. [PMID: 35771498 DOI: 10.1037/dev0001409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Based on the goodness-of-fit theory, the current research examined how parental socialization expectations and socialization practices in infancy predicted child social adjustment in the preschool year dependent on child characteristics in toddlerhood with a longitudinal sample of Chinese families. Participants were 272 Chinese mother-child dyads. Maternal socialization goals of child autonomy and obedience were assessed when the child was 6 months old. Maternal respect for autonomy and negative control were observed in free-plays at 15 months. Mothers reported child compliance and inhibitory control at 25 months and rated child externalizing behaviors at 37 months. Results showed that for children with low levels of compliance or high levels of inhibitory control, obedience socialization goals predicted more externalizing behaviors, whereas for children with high levels of compliance or low levels of inhibitory control, obedience socialization goals predicted fewer externalizing behaviors. Moreover, for children with high levels of inhibitory control, higher levels of respect for autonomy or lower levels of negative control foretold fewer externalizing behaviors. Conversely, for children with low levels of inhibitory control, lower levels of respect for autonomy or higher levels of negative control forecasted fewer externalizing behaviors. Together, our findings demonstrate that socialization expectations, socialization practices, and child characteristics are jointly predictive of social adjustment across early childhood and all the significant interactions are characterized by the pattern of a contrastive effect, therefore congruently supporting the goodness-of-fit hypotheses. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
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Mertens E, Deković M, Van Londen M, Nye E, Reitz E. Solid as a rock, flexible as water? Effectiveness of a school-based intervention addressing students' intrapersonal and interpersonal domains. J Sch Psychol 2022; 92:1-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsp.2022.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Keulen J, Spuij M, Deković M, Boelen PA. Heterogeneity of posttraumatic stress symptoms in bereaved children and adolescents: Exploring subgroups and possible risk factors. Psychiatry Res 2022; 312:114575. [PMID: 35500332 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Bereaved youths are at risk of developing posttraumatic stress (PTS), but there are large individual differences in presentation and severity of PTS symptoms among bereaved youths. The study sought to identify subgroups based on the distribution of self-rated loss-related PTS symptoms in a sample of 264 bereaved youths (aged 7-18). Based on latent class analysis, we identified three subgroups: no disturbance (37.9%), intermediate disturbance (39.0%) and pervasive disturbance (23.1%). Subgroups differed in PTS severity and symptom configuration. Specifically, avoidance was relatively more pronounced in bereaved youth with no and intermediate PTS disturbance, whereas emotional numbing was relatively more pronounced in bereaved youth with intermediate and pervasive PTS disturbance. Associations between subgroup membership, emotional stability and demographic and loss-related variables were also examined. Multinomial logistic regression indicated that youths in the pervasive disturbance subgroup reported lower emotional stability than youths in the no disturbance subgroup. Other variables were unrelated to subgroup membership. The study highlights the importance of considering the heterogeneity in PTS symptomatology in the diagnoses and treatment of loss-related traumatic stress in bereaved youth. Moreover, it underscores the need for further research on possible risk and protective factors involved in the maintenance and development of this traumatic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janna Keulen
- Department of Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Mariken Spuij
- Department of Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul A Boelen
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; ARQ National Psychotrauma Centre, Diemen, the Netherlands
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Endendijk JJ, Deković M, Vossen H, van Baar AL, Reitz E. Sexual Double Standards: Contributions of Sexual Socialization by Parents, Peers, and the Media. Arch Sex Behav 2022; 51:1721-1740. [PMID: 34751861 PMCID: PMC8917039 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-021-02088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
(Hetero)sexual double standards (SDS) entail that different sexual behaviors are appropriate for men and women. There is large variation in whether people endorse SDS in their expectations about the sexual behavior of women and men (i.e., SDS-norms). To explain these individual differences, we examined associations between SDS-norms of Dutch adolescents (aged 16-20 years, N = 566) and what parents, peers, and the media teach adolescents about appropriate sexual behavior of boys and girls (i.e., SDS-socialization). Adolescents completed an online survey at school. Regarding SDS-socialization, more traditional SDS-norms conveyed by the media and peers, but not of parents, and less perceived sexual activity of female peers, were associated with more traditional SDS-norms. Only for boys, exposure to sexy girls/women on social media and sexual music videos of female artists were associated with more traditional SDS-norms. Thus, SDS-socialization by peers and the media and opposite gender models (for boys) are important in light of adolescents' SDS-norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce J Endendijk
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maja Deković
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Helen Vossen
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anneloes L van Baar
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan1, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Karkdijk EM, Duindam HM, Deković M, Creemers HE, Asscher JJ. A Friend in Prison: Human-Animal Bond, Stress and Self-Esteem of Detained Juveniles in Dutch Cell Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12050646. [PMID: 35268212 PMCID: PMC8909544 DOI: 10.3390/ani12050646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Interventions that aim to increase well-being among detained juveniles, in addition to interventions focusing on behavioral change, are urgently needed and should be increasingly implemented. A promising and popular intervention is the prison-based dog training program. In such a program, detainees train shelter dogs to prepare them for adoption. In literature about these interventions, it is often assumed that the perceived bond with the dog plays an important role in improving well-being among detainees. For example, it is assumed to decrease stress and increase self-esteem. However, the human–animal bond within a prison-based dog training program and its effects are seldom investigated. In this study, we investigated to what extent the human–animal bond predicts stress and self-esteem among detained juveniles, participating in a prison-based dog training program in the Netherlands (Dutch Cell Dogs). Questionnaires and interviews at several timepoints were used to measure the quality of the human–animal bond, and the perceived reciprocity, stress, and self-esteem. The results of this study show that the human–animal bond did not predict lower stress or higher self-esteem, contrary to our expectations. More research on prison-based dog training programs is needed to investigate how these programs work, and the specific role of the human–animal bond within these programs. Abstract This study examined to what extent the human–animal bond (HAB) had a positive impact on stress and self-esteem among detained juveniles participating in the prison-based dog training program Dutch Cell Dogs (DCD). Participants were 75 detained juveniles (mean age = 19.5, 86.7% male). Self-reported stress and self-esteem were assessed before the start of DCD (T1), after four weeks (halfway training/T2) and after eight weeks (end training/T3). Structured interviews and questionnaire items were used to measure the HAB quality and perceived reciprocity in the HAB at T2 and T3. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling. In the variable-centered approach analyses, only the cross-sectional positive association between HAB quality and self-esteem at T2 was significant in the cross-lagged panel models. None of the cross-lagged paths between the HAB and stress or self-esteem were significant. In the person-centered approach analyses, growth mixture modeling identified two patterns of self-esteem (“high stable” and “high decreasing”); however, these patterns were not predicted by HAB. Thus, in contrast to our hypotheses, the HAB did not predict improvements in detained juveniles’ stress and self-esteem. These findings underline the need for more research into the often-presumed role of HAB within prison-based dog training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther M. Karkdijk
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (H.E.C.); (J.J.A.)
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.M.D.); (M.D.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Hanne M. Duindam
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.M.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Maja Deković
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.M.D.); (M.D.)
| | - Hanneke E. Creemers
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (H.E.C.); (J.J.A.)
| | - Jessica J. Asscher
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, 1018 WS Amsterdam, The Netherlands; (H.E.C.); (J.J.A.)
- Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands; (H.M.D.); (M.D.)
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Dong S, Dubas JS, Deković M. Revisiting goodness of fit in the cultural context: Moving forward from post hoc explanations. Child Dev Perspectives 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Mastrotheodoros S, Papp LM, Van der Graaff J, Deković M, Meeus WHJ, Branje S. Explaining Heterogeneity of Daily Conflict Spillover in the Family: The Role of Dyadic Marital Conflict Patterns. Fam Process 2022; 61:342-360. [PMID: 33768573 PMCID: PMC9291871 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this multi-informant, longitudinal, daily diary study, we investigated whether long-term dyadic patterns of marital conflict resolution explain the heterogeneity in short-term day-to-day cross-lagged associations between marital conflict intensity and mother-adolescent conflict intensity. The sample consisted of 419 adolescents (44.6% girls, Mage = 13.02, SD = 0.44, at T1; Mage = 17.02, SD = 0.44, at T5), their mothers (N = 419, Mage = 44.48, SD = 4.17, at T1), and their fathers (N = 419, Mage = 46.76, SD = 4.99, at T1). Mothers and fathers reported on their marital conflict resolution strategies annually across 5 years. Mother-father daily conflict intensity (mother-reported) and mother-adolescent daily conflict intensity (mother- and adolescent-reported) were assessed for 75 days across 5 years. We hypothesized that long-term marital conflict resolution patterns would moderate the short-term daily dynamics of conflict between the marital and the mother-adolescent dyads. Latent Class Growth Analysis revealed four types of families based on long-term dyadic marital conflict resolution, including families where mostly constructive or mostly destructive conflict resolution was used. Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate the daily levels and short-term daily dynamics of conflict, revealing that for most families there were no day-to-day lagged associations between marital conflict and mother-adolescent conflict. Results showed that long-term conflict resolution patterns did not moderate the short-term dynamics of daily conflict. However, differences among long-term marital conflict resolution patterns were found in the levels of daily conflict, such that in families with long-term destructive conflict resolution patterns, daily conflict intensity was higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Mastrotheodoros
- Department of Youth and FamilyFaculty of Social and Behavioral SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Lauren M. Papp
- Department of Human Development and Family StudiesUniversity of Wisconsin‐MadisonMadisonWIUSA
| | - Jolien Van der Graaff
- Department of Youth and FamilyFaculty of Social and Behavioral SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family StudiesFaculty of Social and Behavioral SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Wim H. J. Meeus
- Department of Youth and FamilyFaculty of Social and Behavioral SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- Department of Youth and FamilyFaculty of Social and Behavioral SciencesUtrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
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Mertens EC, Deković M, Van Londen M, Reitz E. Personality as a moderator of intervention effects: Examining differential susceptibility. Personality and Individual Differences 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2021.111323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Mertens ECA, Deković M, van Londen M, Reitz E. Parallel Changes in Positive Youth Development and Self-awareness: the Role of Emotional Self-regulation, Self-esteem, and Self-reflection. Prev Sci 2022; 23:502-512. [PMID: 35088219 PMCID: PMC9072468 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-022-01345-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to examine whether early adolescents’ positive development (i.e., resilience and psychological wellbeing) could be enhanced by stimulating three dimensions of self-awareness: emotional self-regulation, self-esteem, and self-reflection. An experimental field study (randomized controlled trial) was conducted. Seventh grade students (N = 1299; Mage = 12.38; 54% boys) completed multiple assessments at the beginning, during, and immediately after the intervention or at parallel time points for students in the control condition. Changes in the assessed constructs were examined with parallel process latent growth curve models. The results showed that increases in emotional self-regulation and self-esteem were related to concurrent increases in both resilience and psychological wellbeing. Changes in self-reflection were, however, not related to changes in these outcomes. The trajectories of change and parallel processes were similar in the intervention and control condition. These findings suggest that interventions aiming to stimulate positive youth development might be optimized by also focusing on youth’s self-awareness, though more knowledge about how self-awareness can be stimulated best is needed. This trial was registered in the Dutch Trial Register, number NL6371 (old number: NTR6554), on July 3, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther C A Mertens
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique van Londen
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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15
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Holleman GA, Hooge ITC, Huijding J, Deković M, Kemner C, Hessels RS. Gaze and speech behavior in parent–child interactions: The role of conflict and cooperation. Curr Psychol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-02532-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA primary mode of human social behavior is face-to-face interaction. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of gaze and its relation to speech behavior during video-mediated face-to-face interactions between parents and their preadolescent children. 81 parent–child dyads engaged in conversations about cooperative and conflictive family topics. We used a dual-eye tracking setup that is capable of concurrently recording eye movements, frontal video, and audio from two conversational partners. Our results show that children spoke more in the cooperation-scenario whereas parents spoke more in the conflict-scenario. Parents gazed slightly more at the eyes of their children in the conflict-scenario compared to the cooperation-scenario. Both parents and children looked more at the other's mouth region while listening compared to while speaking. Results are discussed in terms of the role that parents and children take during cooperative and conflictive interactions and how gaze behavior may support and coordinate such interactions.
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16
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Kühl E, Geeraerts SB, Deković M, Schoemaker K, Bunte T, Espy KA, Matthys W. Trajectories of Executive Functions and ADHD Symptoms in Preschoolers and the Role of Negative Parental Discipline. Dev Neuropsychol 2021; 46:555-573. [PMID: 34711098 DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2021.1995736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated whether the longitudinal growth trajectories of executive functions (EF) and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms are related. In addition, we investigated whether negative discipline moderated these longitudinal relations. The sample consisted of predominantly clinically referred preschoolers (N = 248, age 42-66 months at Time 1; 79.0% boys). Assessment occurred three times: at baseline, at 9 months, and at 18 months. EF was assessed with five EF tasks. ADHD symptoms (Child Behavior Checklist 1.5-5) were reported by parents. Groups of medium to high and low negative discipline were based on mother- and father-reports (Parenting Practices Inventory). Growth curve models showed that EF generally increased and ADHD symptoms generally decreased over time. Parallel process models showed that there was no relation between the change in EF and the change in ADHD symptoms over time, suggesting no co-development. However, higher EF at baseline was related to lower ADHD symptoms at baseline. This was irrespective of whether children were exposed to high or low negative discipline. Overall, the results suggest that, while EF and ADHD symptoms are related, they develop independently across the preschool years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kühl
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sanne B Geeraerts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Schoemaker
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kimberly A Espy
- Department of Neuroscience, Developmental & Regenerative Biology, College of Sciences, University of Texas at San Antonio and Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Long School of Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Walter Matthys
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Endendijk JJ, Tichelaar H, Deen M, Deković M. A Therapeutic Game for Sexually Abused Children and Adolescents (Vil Du?!): Exploratory Mixed Methods Evaluation. JMIR Serious Games 2021; 9:e26062. [PMID: 34342592 PMCID: PMC8371493 DOI: 10.2196/26062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Talking about experiences of sexual abuse in therapy is difficult for children and adolescents. Possible reasons for this difficulty are a lack of vocabulary to describe the situation or feelings of shame, fear, and self-blame associated with sexual abuse. The serious game Vil Du?! was developed to help children open up about their sexual abuse experiences. Vil Du?! is a nonverbal communication game that resembles a dress-up game in which children can show the therapist what happened to them. Objective This exploratory evaluation study examines which working elements of the game could be identified in therapy with victims of sexual abuse (aim 1). In addition, this study examines how therapists evaluate the acceptability of the game (aim 2). Methods The therapists completed 23 web-based surveys on the use of Vil Du?! In addition, semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 therapists. The data were analyzed in NVivo following previously reported stepwise guidelines. Results Regarding aim 1, therapists mentioned various working elements of Vil Du?!; for instance, Vil Du?! puts the child in control of the situation. In addition, Vil Du?! reduces barriers to disclosure because there is no need to talk or have eye contact with the therapist. Regarding aim 2, Vil Du?! was generally evaluated more positively than negatively by the therapists. For instance, therapists indicated that using Vil Du?! is time efficient and might make the treatment process less confronting and difficult for the client. According to therapists, most clients indeed experienced less tension and more positive (or neutral) emotions than negative emotions when using Vil Du?! Conclusions The most important working elements of Vil Du?!, according to therapists, are that it enables children to regain control over their sexual abuse experiences and reduces barriers to disclosing sexual abuse experiences. The more positive evaluation of Vil Du?! indicates the acceptability of the game for therapists as well as their clients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Henny Tichelaar
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Maja Deković
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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18
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van den Boomen C, Munsters NM, Deković M, Kemner C. Exploring emotional face processing in 5-month-olds: The relation with quality of parent-child interaction and spatial frequencies. Infancy 2021; 26:811-830. [PMID: 34237191 DOI: 10.1111/infa.12420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
It is unclear whether infants differentially process emotional faces in the brain at 5 months of age. Contradictory findings of previous research indicate that additional factors play a role in this process. The current study investigated whether five-month-old infants show differential brain activity between emotional faces. Furthermore, we explored the relation between emotional face processing and (I) stimulus characteristics, specifically the spatial frequency content, and (II) parent, child, and dyadic qualities of interaction characteristics. Face-sensitive components (i.e., N290, P400, Nc) in response to neutral and fearful faces that contained only lower or higher spatial frequencies were assessed. Quality of parent-child interaction was assessed with the Manchester Assessment of Caregiver Infant Interaction (MACI). The results show that, as a full group, none of the components differed between emotional expressions. However, when splitting the group based on median MACI scores, infants who showed high quality of interaction (i.e., more attentiveness to caregiver, positive and negative affect, and liveliness) processed emotions differently, whereas infants who showed low quality did not. These results indicate that a sub-group of infants show differential emotional face processing at 5 months of age, which seem to relate to quality of their behavior during the parent-child interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlijn van den Boomen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Nicolette M Munsters
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Karakter Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Ede, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal Kemner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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van Dijk R, van der Valk IE, Deković M, Branje S. Corrigendum to "A meta-analysis on interparental conflict, parenting, and child adjustment in divorced families: Examining mediation using meta-analytic structural equation models" [Clinical Psychology Review 79 (2020) 101861]. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 88:102060. [PMID: 34183202 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rianne van Dijk
- Department of Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, the Netherlands; Department of Youth & Family, Utrecht University, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child & Family Studies, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- Department of Youth & Family, Utrecht University, the Netherlands
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20
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Te Brinke LW, Menting ATA, Schuiringa HD, Deković M, Weisz JR, de Castro BO. Emotion regulation training as a treatment element for externalizing problems in adolescence: A randomized controlled micro-trial. Behav Res Ther 2021; 143:103889. [PMID: 34111699 DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2021.103889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Improving interventions for externalizing problems in adolescence may require determining which treatment elements actually produce change. In this micro-trial, we tested a treatment element addressing one widely-hypothesized mechanism underlying externalizing problems: emotion regulation. We tested whether emotion regulation could be improved via training, whether adolescents who received such training would subsequently show reduced externalizing problems, and which training approach and sequence was most effective. We randomized 108 adolescents with elevated externalizing problems (71.3% boys, Mage = 13.66, SD = 1.10) to a control condition or an experimental condition teaching emotion regulation through either a cognitive or behavioral approach, in alternated sequences. Effects of the modules were assessed before and after the modules, and with weekly assessments. The results showed a positive effect of the experimental training on self-reported use of adaptive emotion regulation strategies. However, self-reported externalizing problems decreased more in the control condition than in the experimental condition. No mediation, approach (cognitive versus behavioral) or sequence (cognitive-behavioral versus behavioral-cognitive sequence) effects were found. These findings illustrate that change in a proposed mechanism may not be accompanied by change in targeted problems; this highlights the importance of testing the hypothesized impact of specific treatment elements on targeted mental health problems. TRIAL REGISTRATION: This trial was registered in the Dutch Trial Register (NTR7334, July 10th, 2018) and the study protocol was published (te Brinke, Schuiringa, Menting, Deković, & de Castro, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysanne W Te Brinke
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Ankie T A Menting
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Hilde D Schuiringa
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - John R Weisz
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, 33 Kirkland Street Cambridge, MA, 02138, United States.
| | - Bram O de Castro
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 80125, 3508, TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
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21
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Endendijk JJ, Tichelaar HK, Deen M, Deković M. Vil Du?! incorporation of a serious game in therapy for sexually abused children and adolescents. Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health 2021; 15:25. [PMID: 34034787 PMCID: PMC8147575 DOI: 10.1186/s13034-021-00377-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Talking about experiences of sexual abuse in therapy is difficult for children and adolescents, amongst others due to a lack of vocabulary to describe the situation, avoidance, or feelings of shame, fear, and self-blame. The serious game Vil Du?! was developed to help children open up about sexual experiences. Vil Du?! is a non-verbal communication game, which resembles a dress-up game, in which children can show the therapist what happened to them. The current study examined how and for which therapy components Vil Du?! was used by therapists. METHODS We used a mixed-methods triangulation design. Therapists filled out online surveys about the use of Vil Du?! with 23 clients (Mage = 11.38 years, SD = 3.96; 61 % female). We also conducted semi-structured interviews with 10 therapists. The data were analyzed in SPSS (quantitative) and Nvivo (qualitative) following the stepwise guidelines of Zhang and Wildemuth. RESULTS Merged qualitative and quantitative data revealed that therapists acknowledged the usefulness of Vil Du?! mostly for the therapy components trauma narration and processing, and psycho-education about sexuality. In addition, Vil Du?! might be most useful for clients who have difficulty with disclosing sexual abuse experiences, due to limited verbal abilities or feelings of guilt, shame, avoidance, and tension. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations from this study were incorporated in a user manual as a first step toward more systematic and broad implementation of Vil Du?! in the treatment of young sexual abuse victims. A next step is to test whether implementing Vil Du?! in therapy is effective in reducing the negative mental health consequences of sexual abuse for children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce J. Endendijk
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3548 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Henny K. Tichelaar
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3548 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Menno Deen
- Lapp, Hoveniersstraat 11, 3513 XS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- grid.5477.10000000120346234Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3548 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
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22
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Rasing SP, Stikkelbroek YA, den Hollander W, Riper H, Deković M, Nauta MH, Creemers DH, Immink MC, Spuij M, Bodden DH. Pragmatic Quasi-Experimental Controlled Trial Evaluating the Outcomes of Blended CBT Compared to Face-to-Face CBT and Treatment as Usual for Adolescents with Depressive Disorders. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18063102. [PMID: 33802913 PMCID: PMC8002752 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Depression is a major problem in youth mental health. Current treatment is on average effective, but adolescents are hesitant to seek help. Blended treatment could lower the barriers to seeking treatment. Evidence on effectiveness is, however, scarce. The present pragmatic quasi-experimental controlled trial aimed to compare the outcomes of blended cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to face-to-face CBT and treatment as usual. A total of 129 adolescents with clinical depression (82.2% female), aged 13–22 (M = 16.60, SD = 2.03) received blended CBT, face-to-face CBT or treatment as usual. Clinical diagnosis, depressive symptoms, and secondary outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and six-months follow-up. Participants receiving blended CBT were, compared to participants receiving face-to-face CBT and treatment as usual, evenly likely to be in remission from their depressive disorder at post-intervention and at six-month follow-up. Depressive symptoms decreased significantly over time in all three conditions, and changes were not significantly different between conditions. Other secondary outcomes (suicide risk, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, severity of depression, and global functioning) did not differ between treatment conditions at post-intervention and six-month follow-up. Since there was no evidence for favorable outcomes for face-to-face therapies above blended CBT, blended CBT may also be an effective treatment format in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne P.A. Rasing
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.A.J.S.); (M.D.); (M.S.); (D.H.M.B.)
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ Oost Brabant, 5427 EM Boekel, The Netherlands;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-30-253-4744
| | - Yvonne A.J. Stikkelbroek
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.A.J.S.); (M.D.); (M.S.); (D.H.M.B.)
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ Oost Brabant, 5427 EM Boekel, The Netherlands;
| | | | - Heleen Riper
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, VU University, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands;
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Centre, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- APH Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Medical Centre, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.A.J.S.); (M.D.); (M.S.); (D.H.M.B.)
| | - Maaike H. Nauta
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands;
- Accare Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Groningen University Centre, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Daan H.M. Creemers
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, GGZ Oost Brabant, 5427 EM Boekel, The Netherlands;
- Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, 6525 XZ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mariken Spuij
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.A.J.S.); (M.D.); (M.S.); (D.H.M.B.)
- TOPP-Zorg, Driebergen-Rijsenburg, 3972 WG Driebergen-Rijsenburg, The Netherlands
| | - Denise H.M. Bodden
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3508 TC Utrecht, The Netherlands; (Y.A.J.S.); (M.D.); (M.S.); (D.H.M.B.)
- Child and Youth Psychiatry, Altrecht, 3524 SH Utrecht, The Netherlands
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23
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Geeraerts SB, Endendijk J, Deater-Deckard K, Huijding J, Deutz MHF, van den Boomen C, Deković M. The role of parental self-regulation and household chaos in parent-toddler interactions: A time-series study. J Fam Psychol 2021; 35:236-246. [PMID: 33119365 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Various studies have reported that parental self-regulation is inversely related to negative parenting practices, especially in relatively calm households. These studies have focused on general tendencies of parents over longer periods of time. In the current time-series study, we extended previous work by focusing on the moment-to-moment processes in parent-child interactions that may explain associations between parental self-regulation, household chaos, and negative parenting practices. In a sample of 62 parent-toddler dyads (83.87% mothers), we tested whether observed contingent negative responses to child noncompliance (i.e., reactive negative parenting) could be predicted by the interaction between parental self-regulation and household chaos. Additionally, we examined whether two indicators of parental self-regulation, self-reported effortful control and task-based executive functioning, had similar associations with reactive negative parenting. Reactive negative parenting was assessed during clean up and was calculated as parents' propensity to show negative parenting practices immediately after their child showed noncompliance. We found that lower parental self-regulation predicted more reactive negative parenting practices in moderately chaotic households. Associations were similar regardless of whether self-regulation was operationalized as effortful control or executive functioning. The findings demonstrate that less regulated parents may benefit from a home situation that is tidy, calm, and characterized by routine in order to remain neutral in situations in which their toddler is noncompliant. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
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Dong S, Dubas JS, Deković M, Wang Z. Cool and hot effortful control moderate how parenting predicts child internalization in Chinese families. J Exp Child Psychol 2021; 206:105099. [PMID: 33631633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2021.105099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Internalization of external rules is a behavioral manifestation of moral development during childhood, and its development has come to be understood from the view of a complex parenting-by-temperament process. To examine this developmental process, the current research investigated how maternal parenting behaviors and child effortful control foretell internalization throughout early to middle childhood with two longitudinal samples of Chinese mother-child dyads. In Study 1 (N = 226), maternal respect for autonomy and negative control during free plays at 15 months of age were observed. At 25 months, child cool and hot effortful control were measured with a Stroop-like categorization task and an externally imposed delay task. At 37 months, observed internalization of maternal rules was assessed. Results showed that for toddlers with high levels of cool effortful control, maternal respect for autonomy positively predicted later internalization. In Study 2 (N = 88), maternal respect for autonomy and negative control during free plays at 38 months of age were coded. At 60 months, child cool and hot effortful control were measured with a Stroop-like inhibition task and a delay-of-gratification task. Observed internalization of maternal and experimenter rules and mother-reported internalization in everyday life were assessed at 60 and 84 months. Results showed that for children low on either cool or hot effortful control, maternal respect for autonomy negatively predicted later internalization during childhood. Together, the current findings support an age-relevant goodness-of-fit model for internalization development in Chinese children throughout the first 7 years of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Dong
- Beijing Key Lab of "Learning and Cognition", School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, 100037 Beijing, China; Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Judith Semon Dubas
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Zhengyan Wang
- Beijing Key Lab of "Learning and Cognition", School of Psychology, Capital Normal University, 100037 Beijing, China.
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Mertens ECA, Deković M, Van Londen M, Reitz E. The Role of Classmates' Modeling and Reinforcement in Adolescents' Perceived Classroom Peer Context. J Youth Adolesc 2021; 50:260-270. [PMID: 33011915 PMCID: PMC7875940 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-020-01325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Experiences with classmates can affect adolescents' academic, emotional, and social development. The aim was to examine whether changes in classmates' modeling and reinforcement, induced by an intervention, affected changes in adolescents' perceived classroom peer context and whether these associations were moderated by dyadic mutuality. Questionnaires and observations were used in a sample of 7th Grade students (N = 152; Mage = 12.37; 53.8% boys). Generally, changes in classmates' modeling and reinforcement were unrelated to adolescents' perceived classroom peer context, except for classmates' prosocial modeling. Increases in prosocial modeling were related to decreases in victimization, especially for dyads with high levels of mutuality. The results suggest that classmates' prosocial modeling may be more important for the perceived classroom peer context than classmates' deviant modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther C A Mertens
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maja Deković
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Van Londen
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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26
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Brinke LW, Menting ATA, Schuiringa HD, Zeman J, Deković M. The structure of emotion regulation strategies in adolescence: Differential links to internalizing and externalizing problems. Soc Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/sode.12496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lysanne W. Brinke
- Department of Developmental Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Ankie T. A. Menting
- Department of Developmental Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Hilde D. Schuiringa
- Department of Developmental Psychology Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
| | - Janice Zeman
- Department of Psychological Sciences College of William and Mary Williamsburg VA USA
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies Utrecht University Utrecht the Netherlands
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van Aken C, Junger M, Verhoeven M, van Aken MAG, Deković M, Denissen JJA. Parental personality, parenting and toddlers' externalising behaviours. Eur J Pers 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/per.643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the mediating role of parenting on the relation between parental personality and toddlers' externalising behaviours. Participants were 112 boys and their parents. The data were analysed using multilevel modelling and moderated mediation analyses. Several associations were found between parental personality and parenting dimensions. Additionally, several parenting dimensions were associated with children's externalising behaviours. Emotional stability was the only parental personality trait that was related to children's externalising behaviours. The effect of maternal emotional stability on children's aggressive behaviours appeared to be mediated by maternal support. For fathers, there appeared to be a direct effect of emotional stability on children's aggressive behaviours. In addition, for both mothers and fathers, emotional stability was directly related to children's attention problems. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Mastrotheodoros S, Van Lissa CJ, Van der Graaff J, Deković M, Meeus WHJ, Branje SJT. Day-to-day spillover and long-term transmission of interparental conflict to adolescent-mother conflict: The role of mood. J Fam Psychol 2020; 34:893-904. [PMID: 32105099 DOI: 10.1037/fam0000649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Conflicts may drift from one family dyad to another. Short-term spillover and long-term transmission processes suggest that interparental conflict will cause parent-adolescent conflict, and vice versa, as well as that negative mood of parents and adolescents may be one of the transferring mechanisms. This multi-informant daily diary study is among the first to test the day-to-day and year-to-year cross-lagged effects between interparental conflict and later parent-child conflict at the level of individual families (as compared to between-family studies). Also, this study investigated the mediating role of negative mood. Data came from 443 Dutch adolescents (M = 13.02, 44.5% girls) and their mothers. A total of 75 daily diaries regarding conflict and negative mood were completed across 15 weeks spread over 5 years. Random-intercept cross-lagged panel models were applied to investigate long-term year-to-year transmission, and Dynamic Structural Equation Modeling was used to investigate short-term day-to-day spillover. Overall, we found neither short-term spillover, nor long-term transmission, as the reciprocal cross-lagged effects between interparental conflict and adolescent-mother conflict were nonsignificant. Even though we found direct and reciprocal cross-lagged effects between negative mood and both interparental and adolescent-mother conflict on both the day-to-day and year-to-year timescales, both the direct and the indirect effects between interparental and adolescent-mother conflict were nonsignificant. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Caspar J Van Lissa
- Department of Methods and Statistics, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Jolien Van der Graaff
- Department of Youth and Family, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Wim H J Meeus
- Department of Youth and Family, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Susan J T Branje
- Department of Youth and Family, Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Utrecht University
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29
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Mertens E, Deković M, Leijten P, Van Londen M, Reitz E. Components of School-Based Interventions Stimulating Students' Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Domains: A Meta-analysis. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2020; 23:605-631. [PMID: 33010010 PMCID: PMC7585570 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-020-00328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Many universal school-based interventions aim to stimulate students' intrapersonal (e.g., self-esteem) and interpersonal (e.g., school climate) domains. To improve our understanding of why some of these interventions yield stronger effects than others, we identified intervention components that are related to stronger or weaker intervention effects. We systematically searched four databases (i.e., PsycINFO, PubMed, ERIC, CENTRAL) for controlled evaluations of universal school-based interventions. In total, 104 included studies (529 included effect sizes) reported on 99 unique interventions. Interventions showed small positive effects on the intrapersonal (d = 0.19) and interpersonal (d = 0.15) domains. Focusing on self-awareness and problem solving, using more active learning approaches, and using more extensive interventions predicted stronger intervention effects on aspects of both domains. In contrast, efforts to improve emotion regulation, assertiveness, cognitive coping, and using group discussions predicted weaker intervention effects. Furthermore, commonly implemented components were not necessarily related to stronger intervention effects and components that were related to stronger effects were not necessarily often implemented. Our findings highlight the need to carefully select components for inclusion in interventions.PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42019137981.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Mertens
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maja Deković
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patty Leijten
- University of Amsterdam, Child Development and Education, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique Van Londen
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Utrecht University, Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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30
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Nogueira Avelar E Silva R, Raat H, Reitz E, Plat M, Deković M, Van De Bongardt D. Longitudinal Associations Between Sexual Communication With Friends and Sexual Behaviors Through Perceived Sexual Peer Norms. J Sex Res 2020; 57:1156-1165. [PMID: 31751153 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2019.1691969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The role of peers in adolescents' sexual behaviors is not yet fully understood. We investigated the association between sexual communication with friends (at T1) and subsequent changes in adolescents' experience with sexual behaviors (between T1-T3), and examined whether this association was explained by adolescents' perceptions of three sexual peer norms (at T2): (1) peers' sexual behaviors (descriptive norms), (2) peers' approval of sexual behaviors (injunctive norms), and (3) peer pressure to have sex. The data source was Project STARS, a longitudinal study on adolescent sexual development in the Netherlands, collected via online self-report questionnaires from 1,116 adolescents (11.5-17.9 years). Adolescents who communicated more frequently with their friends about sexuality-related topics at T1 reported significantly larger increases in their experience with different sexual behaviors between T1-T3. More sexual communication with friends also predicted adolescents subsequently perceiving more 1) peer sexual behaviors, 2) peer approval of sex, and 3) peer pressure to have sex. These stronger perceptions, in turn, predicted larger increases in their sexual behaviors between T1-T3. After adjusting for the three norms simultaneously, the main association between sexual communication with friends and sexual behavior change weakened but remained significant. Inspection of specific indirect effects showed this link was explained by injunctive norms only. No gender differences were found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Erasmus University Rotterdam
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
| | | | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
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31
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Junge C, Valkenburg PM, Deković M, Branje S. The building blocks of social competence: Contributions of the Consortium of Individual Development. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 45:100861. [PMID: 32957027 PMCID: PMC7509192 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Social competence refers to the ability to engage in meaningful interactions with others. It is a crucial skill potentially malleable to interventions. Nevertheless, it remains difficult to select which children, which periods in a child's life, and which underlying skills form optimal targets for interventions. Development of social competence is complex to characterize because (a) it is by nature context- dependent; (b) it is subserved by multiple relevant processes that develop at different times in a child's life; and (c) over the years multiple, possibly conflicting, ways have been coined to index a child's social competence. The current paper elaborates upon a theoretical model of social competence developed by Rose-Krasnor (Rose- Krasnor, 1997; Rose-Krasnor and Denham, 2009), and it makes concrete how underlying skills and the variety of contexts of social interaction are both relevant dimensions of social competence that might change over development. It then illustrates how the cohorts and work packages in the Consortium on Individual Development each provide empirical contributions necessary for testing this model on the development of social competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Junge
- Departments of Developmental and Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Patti M Valkenburg
- Amsterdam School of Communication Research ASCoR, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Branje
- Department of Youth and Family, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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32
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Geeraerts SB, Endendijk JJ, Deković M, Huijding J, Deater-Deckard K, Mesman J. Inhibitory Control Across the Preschool Years: Developmental Changes and Associations with Parenting. Child Dev 2020; 92:335-350. [PMID: 32767761 PMCID: PMC7891350 DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The normative developmental course of inhibitory control between 2.5 and 6.5 years, and associations with maternal and paternal sensitivity and intrusiveness were tested. The sample consisted of 383 children (52.5% boys). During four annual waves, mothers and fathers reported on their children’s inhibitory control using the Children's Behavior Questionnaire. During the first wave, mothers’ and fathers’ sensitivity and intrusiveness were observed and coded with the Emotional Availability Scales. Inhibitory control exhibited partial scalar invariance over time, and increased in a decelerating rate. For both mothers and fathers, higher levels of sensitivity were associated with a higher initial level of children's inhibitory control, whereas higher levels of intrusiveness predicted a slower increase in children's inhibitory control.
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33
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van Dijk R, van der Valk IE, Deković M, Branje S. A meta-analysis on interparental conflict, parenting, and child adjustment in divorced families: Examining mediation using meta-analytic structural equation models. Clin Psychol Rev 2020; 79:101861. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2020.101861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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34
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Verbeek M, van de Bongardt D, Reitz E, Deković M. A Warm Nest or 'The Talk'? Exploring and Explaining Relations Between General and Sexuality-Specific Parenting and Adolescent Sexual Emotions. J Adolesc Health 2020; 66:210-216. [PMID: 31704106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2019.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of the study was to explore and explain two hypothesized indirect longitudinal pathways and investigate gender differences in linking parenting factors to adolescents' sexual emotions. The general pathway expected higher parent-adolescent relationship quality to be related to more positive and less negative sexual emotions through higher adolescent global self-esteem. The sexuality-specific pathway expected more frequent parent-adolescent sexual communication to be related to more positive and less negative sexual emotions through higher adolescent sexual autonomy. METHODS Online questionnaire data were used from three waves of Project STARS, a longitudinal study on adolescent sexual development. The analysis sample included 248 sexually experienced adolescents (M = 14.74 years at baseline). Adolescents reported on the quality of their parent-adolescent relationship, how often they discussed sexual topics with their parents, their global self-esteem, sexual autonomy, and experience of positive (happy, proud, and loved) and negative (dirty, ashamed, and guilty) emotions after having sex. RESULTS Overall, adolescents experienced more positive than negative emotions after sex. Mplus path model results indicated that, first, higher parent-adolescent relationship quality was related to higher adolescent global self-esteem, but global self-esteem was not related to sexual emotions. Second, more frequent parent-adolescent sexual communication was related to more adolescent sexual autonomy, and more sexual autonomy was related to more positive and less negative sexual emotions. However, no significant indirect effects, nor gender differences were found. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents' sexual autonomy appears to play a particularly important role in how they experience having sex. Concrete suggestions for how the development of adolescents' sexual autonomy may be supported are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirthe Verbeek
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Daphne van de Bongardt
- Department of Psychology, Education and Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ellen Reitz
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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35
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Deutz MHF, Geeraerts SB, Belsky J, Deković M, van Baar AL, Prinzie P, Patalay P. General Psychopathology and Dysregulation Profile in a Longitudinal Community Sample: Stability, Antecedents and Outcomes. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2020; 51:114-126. [PMID: 31359330 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-019-00916-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The general factor of psychopathology (GP, or p factor) and the Dysregulation Profile (DP) are two conceptually similar, but independently developed approaches to understand psychopathology. GP and DP models and their stability, antecedents and outcomes are studied in a longitudinal sample of 1073 children (49.8% female). GP and DP models were estimated at ages 8 and 14 years using the parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self Report (YSR). Early childhood antecedents and adolescent outcomes were derived using a multi-method multi-informant approach. Results showed that the general GP and DP had similar key symptoms and were similarly related to early-childhood antecedents (e.g., lower effortful control, higher maternal depression) and adolescent outcomes (e.g., reduced academic functioning, poorer mental health). This study demonstrates that GP and DP are highly similar constructs in middle childhood and adolescence, both describing a general vulnerability for psychopathology with (emotional) dysregulation at its core. Scientific integration of these approaches could lead to a better understanding of the structure, antecedents and outcomes of psychopathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marike H F Deutz
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Sanne B Geeraerts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jay Belsky
- University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anneloes L van Baar
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Prinzie
- Department of Psychology, Education & Child Studies, Erasmus University Rotterdam, PO Box 1738, 3000 DR, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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de Wit M, Leijten P, van der Put C, Asscher J, Bouwmeester-Landweer M, Deković M. Study protocol: randomized controlled trial of manualized components in home visitation to reduce mothers' risk for child maltreatment. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:136. [PMID: 32000744 PMCID: PMC6993430 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-8237-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study tests whether home visitation to prevent child maltreatment can be improved by adding manualized program components, targeting four key risk factors for child maltreatment: low parental self-efficacy, high levels of perceived stress, parental anger, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. Home visitation is widely implemented, but effects on child maltreatment risk tend to be modest at best. Home visitation tends to be rather flexible (i.e., professionals decide how to support each family). We will test whether adding manualized program components increases program effectiveness, by ensuring that key risk factors are addressed, while maintaining flexibility. In addition, we will test whether any component effects on reduced child maltreatment risk can be explained (i.e., is mediated) by ameliorated risk factors. Lastly, we will test whether the components are more effective for some mothers (e.g., those at highest child maltreatment risk) than for others. METHODS We will conduct a randomized controlled trial among 398 mothers enrolled in a Dutch home visiting program targeting families at risk for child maltreatment. Mothers in the experimental group will receive the manualized components in two consecutive home visits, while mothers in the control group will receive regular home visits (care as usual). Mothers will fill out questionnaires at four time points: before and after each of the two home visits. Outcome variables include the four targeted risk factors parental self-efficacy, perceived stress, parental anger, and (recognition of) post-traumatic stress symptoms, as well as parenting practices (e.g., rejection and affection), and risk for child maltreatment. DISCUSSION This study aims to determine whether adding manualized program components to a flexible home visiting program increases program effectiveness on risk for child maltreatment. In addition, our test of whether the effects of the components on risk for child maltreatment is explained (i.e., mediated) by amelioration of the targeted risk factors, may contribute to our understanding of the role of these risk factors in child maltreatment. Our tests of which mothers benefit most from adding the components may help move the field towards evidence-based personalized family support. TRIAL REGISTRATION This trial has been retrospectively registered in the Netherlands Trial Register (NL8005).
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Affiliation(s)
- Merel de Wit
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15780, 1001, NG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Patty Leijten
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15780, 1001, NG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia van der Put
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15780, 1001, NG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jessica Asscher
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15780, 1001, NG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, PO Box 80125, 3508, TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Merian Bouwmeester-Landweer
- The Netherlands Center for Preventive Youth Health (NCJ), Churchilllaan 11, 3527, GV, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, PO Box 80125, 3508, TC, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Abstract
(Hetero)sexual double standards (SDS) entail that different sexual behaviors are appropriate for men and women. This meta-analysis (k = 99; N = 123,343) tested predictions of evolutionary and biosocial theories regarding the existence of SDS in social cognitions. Databases were searched for studies examining attitudes or stereotypes regarding the sexual behaviors of men versus women. Studies assessing differences in evaluations, or expectations, of men’s and women’s sexual behavior yielded evidence for traditional SDS (d = 0.25). For men, frequent sexual activity was more expected, and evaluated more positively, than for women. Studies using Likert-type-scale questionnaires did not yield evidence of SDS (combined M = −0.09). Effects were moderated by level of gender equality in the country in which the study was conducted, SDS-operationalization (attitudes vs. stereotypes), questionnaire type, and sexual behavior type. Results are consistent with a hybrid model incorporating both evolutionary and sociocultural factors contributing to SDS.
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38
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Mastrotheodoros S, Van der Graaff J, Deković M, Meeus WHJ, Branje SJT. Coming Closer in Adolescence: Convergence in Mother, Father, and Adolescent Reports of Parenting. J Res Adolesc 2019; 29:846-862. [PMID: 29921030 PMCID: PMC6899895 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Parent-child relationships change during adolescence. Furthermore, parents and adolescents perceive parenting differently. We examined the changes in perceptions of parental practices in fathers, mothers, and adolescents during adolescence. Furthermore, we investigated if fathers', mothers', and adolescents' perceptions converge during adolescence. Following 497 families across six waves (ages 13-18), we investigated the development of parental support and behavioral control using mother and father self-reports, and adolescent reports for mothers and fathers. We found curvilinear decrease for support and control. Parent-adolescent convergence emerged over the 6 years: those with higher intercepts had a steeper decrease, whereas correlations among parent and adolescent reports increased. This multi-informant study sheds light on the development of parent-adolescent convergence on perceptions of parenting.
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Li JB, Willems YE, Stok FM, Deković M, Bartels M, Finkenauer C. Parenting and Self-Control Across Early to Late Adolescence: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. Perspect Psychol Sci 2019; 14:967-1005. [PMID: 31491364 DOI: 10.1177/1745691619863046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Self-control plays a significant role in positive youth development. Although numerous self-control challenges occur during adolescence, some adolescents control themselves better than others. Parenting is considered a critical factor that distinguishes adolescents with good self-control from those with poor self-control, but existing findings are inconsistent. This meta-analysis summarizes the overall relationship between parenting and self-control among adolescents aged 10 to 22 years. The analysis includes 191 articles reporting 1,540 effect sizes (N = 164,459). The results show that parenting is associated with adolescents' self-control both concurrently (r = .204, p < .001) and longitudinally (r = .157, p < .001). Longitudinal studies also reveal that adolescents' self-control influences subsequent parenting (r = .155, p < .001). Moderator analyses show that the effect sizes are largely invariant across cultures, ethnicities, age of adolescents, and parent and youth gender. Our results point to the importance of parenting in individual differences in adolescent self-control and vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Bin Li
- Department of Early Childhood Education, The Education University of Hong Kong.,Centre for Child and Family Science, The Education University of Hong Kong
| | - Yayouk E Willems
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.,Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - F Marijn Stok
- Department of Interdisciplinary Social Sciences, Utrecht University
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.,Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Deutz MHF, Woltering S, Vossen HGM, Deković M, van Baar AL, Prinzie P. Underlying Psychophysiology of Dysregulation: Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Reactivity in Relation to Childhood Dysregulation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2019; 58:589-599. [PMID: 30768409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2018.09.434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 09/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High co-occurrence of externalizing and internalizing problems could underlie inconsistent findings regarding the relation between heart rate (HR) and psychopathology. In this study, HR measures were examined in relation to a general dysregulation profile studied from variable- and person-centered approaches. METHOD The sample (N = 182) consisted of 8- to 12-year-old children referred for externalizing behaviors and typically developing children (mean age 9.70, SD 1.26; 75.8% boys). Resting HR (HRrest) was assessed during a 3-minute resting period. HR reactivity (HRreactivity) was assessed during an emotionally evoking go/no-go task. RESULTS From a variable-centered approach, a bifactor model was fitted with a general factor of dysregulation underlying symptoms of anxiety/depression, aggression, and attention problems. HRrest was positively associated with dysregulation and specific aggression. From a person-centered approach, a latent profile analysis was used to identify different psychopathology classes: normative (n = 92), predominantly aggressive (n = 69), and dysregulated (n = 14). The latter was characterized by co-occurring increased levels of anxiety/depression, aggression, and attention problems. HRrest was increased in the predominantly aggressive class and HRreactivity was increased in the dysregulated class. CONCLUSION High HRrest, or (trait-like) over-arousal, seems to be associated with dysregulation rather than uniquely associated with low externalizing or high internalizing symptomatology. In addition, HRrest predicted greater aggression and HRrest was increased in the predominantly aggressive class. High HRreactivity, or enhanced emotional reactivity, might be characteristic for a clinically relevant dysregulated subgroup. Assessment of HR could provide additional knowledge on individual differences that can help refine diagnostics and intervention efforts.
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Dijkstra S, Asscher JJ, Deković M, Stams GJJM, Creemers HE. A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Effectiveness of Family Group Conferencing in Child Welfare: Effectiveness, Moderators, and Level of FGC Completion. Child Maltreat 2019; 24:137-151. [PMID: 30463425 DOI: 10.1177/1077559518808221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The present study examined the effectiveness of Family Group Conferencing (FGC) in child welfare. Effects were operationalized in terms of child safety (child maltreatment, supervision order, and out-of-home placement), number of professional services used, parental empowerment, and social support in a 1-, 3-, 6-, and 12-month follow-up. Furthermore, the influence of family characteristics and the level of FGC completion were examined. A total of 328 families were included, randomly assigned to an experimental group ( n = 229) and a care as usual (CAU) group ( n = 99). FGC was equally effective as CAU in improving child safety but resulted in more out-of-home placements. Furthermore, FGC resulted in a longer duration of child welfare involvement, a marginally higher number of professional services used, and increased parental empowerment and social support. Family characteristics did not moderate the results. Level of FGC completion was in general low. Higher levels of completion were related to a larger social network, a higher number of professional services used, and, marginally, less parental empowerment. In conclusion, although some beneficial results marginally support the use of FGC, it is the question whether these effects outweigh FGC costs, a longer duration of child welfare involvement and a higher number of professional services used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Dijkstra
- 1 Forensic Child and Youth Care Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica J Asscher
- 1 Forensic Child and Youth Care Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- 2 Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- 2 Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Geert Jan J M Stams
- 1 Forensic Child and Youth Care Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hanneke E Creemers
- 1 Forensic Child and Youth Care Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Endendijk JJ, Groeneveld MG, Deković M, van den Boomen C. Short-term test–retest reliability and continuity of emotional availability in parent–child dyads. International Journal of Behavioral Development 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025419830256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The emotional availability scales (EAS), 4th edition, are widely used in research and clinical practice to assess the quality of parent–child interaction. This study examined the short-term reliability and continuity of the EAS (4th ed.) assessed in two similar observational contexts over a one-week interval. Sixty-two Dutch parents (85% mothers) and their 9- to 12-month-old infants ( Mage = 10.07 months, SD = 0.47, 53% boys) were videotaped twice while they interacted with each other during several tasks (free play, structured play, book reading, toys taken away). The videotapes were coded with the EAS 4th edition by two reliable coders. Moderate to strong test–retest reliability was found for the three EA parent-dimensions: sensitivity, structuring, and nonintrusiveness. Child involvement was not reliable over a one-week period, and child responsiveness could only be reliably assessed in boys. Test–retest reliability of structuring was also higher for boys than for girls. Regarding continuity, mean levels of sensitivity, structuring, nonintrusiveness, and involvement did not change over a one-week interval, but responsiveness increased for girls only. Thus, the parenting dimensions of the 4th edition of the EAS reflect stable and consistent characteristics of the parent–child dyad on the short term, but the child measures do not.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maja Deković
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn van den Boomen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, The Netherlands
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Geeraerts SB, Hessels RS, Van der Stigchel S, Huijding J, Endendijk JJ, Van den Boomen C, Kemner C, Deković M. Individual differences in visual attention and self-regulation: A multimethod longitudinal study from infancy to toddlerhood. J Exp Child Psychol 2018; 180:104-112. [PMID: 30579573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jecp.2018.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Given the importance of self-regulation for a broad range of developmental outcomes, identifying reliable precursors of self-regulation early in development is important for early prevention of developmental problems. The aim of this study was to examine whether three visual attention measures (fixation duration, variation in fixation duration, and disengagement) in infancy (9.10-11.43 months of age) predicted effortful control and compliance in toddlerhood (26.71-31.80 months). The sample consisted of 74 children (50% boys). In infancy, two eye-tracking tasks were conducted: a visual search task to assess fixation duration and variation in fixation duration (n = 58) and the gap-overlap task to assess disengagement (n = 49). In toddlerhood, children's effortful control (n = 65) and compliance (n = 65) were assessed by parent reports and observed during a delay of gratification task and a cleanup session together with the parents, respectively. Using full information maximum likelihood to account for missing data, multiple regression analyses revealed that, when all three measures of visual attention were taken into account, longer fixations and less variation in fixation duration in infancy predicted better effortful control. Disengagement did not predict effortful control. Compliance in toddlerhood was not predicted by any of the visual attention measures. These findings may indicate that visual attentional measures in infancy predict relatively independent forms of self-regulation in toddlerhood. Future studies are necessary to elucidate the mechanisms that underlie the association between (variation in) fixation duration in infancy and effortful control in toddlerhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne B Geeraerts
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Roy S Hessels
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Stefan Van der Stigchel
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jorg Huijding
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Joyce J Endendijk
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Carlijn Van den Boomen
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal Kemner
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Helmholtz Institute, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands.; Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands; Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CG Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Te Brinke LW, Schuiringa HD, Menting ATA, Deković M, de Castro BO. A cognitive versus behavioral approach to emotion regulation training for externalizing behavior problems in adolescence: Study protocol of a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol 2018; 6:49. [PMID: 30305174 PMCID: PMC6180356 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-018-0261-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Interventions for adolescents with externalizing behavior problems are generally found to be only moderately effective, and treatment responsiveness is variable. Therefore, this study aims to increase intervention effectiveness by examining effective approaches to train emotion regulation, which is considered to be a crucial mechanism involved in the development of externalizing behavior problems. Specifically, we aim to disentangle a cognitive and behavioral approach to emotion regulation training. Methods A randomized controlled parallel-group study with two arms will be used. Participants are adolescents between 12 and 16 years old, with elevated levels of externalizing behavior problems. Participants will be randomly assigned to either the control condition or the intervention condition. Participants in the intervention condition receive both a cognitive and behavioral emotion regulation module, but in different sequences. Primary outcome measures are emotion regulation skills, emotion regulation strategies, and externalizing behavior problems. Questionnaires will be completed at pre-test, in-between modules, and post-test. Moreover, intensive longitudinal data is collected, as adolescents will complete weekly and daily measures. Discussion Gaining insight into which approaches to emotion regulation training are more effective, and for whom, is important because it may lead to the adaptation of effective intervention programs for adolescents with externalizing behavior problems. Eventually, this could lead to individually tailored evidence-based interventions. Trial registration The trial is registered at the Central Committee on Research Involving Human Subjects (NL61104.041.17, September 20th, 2017) and the Dutch Trial Register (NTR7334, July 10th, 2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- L W Te Brinke
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands. .,Utrecht University, PO BOX 80140, 3508, TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - H D Schuiringa
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A T A Menting
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Deković
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B O de Castro
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, CS, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Mertens ECA, Deković M, van Londen M, Reitz E. The effectiveness of Rock and Water in improving students' socio-emotional adjustment and social safety: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. BMC Psychol 2018; 6:36. [PMID: 30045770 PMCID: PMC6060546 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-018-0247-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Students following a low education track have an increased risk for developing problem behaviors. Rock and Water is a widespread, but still poorly evaluated, intervention that aims to improve students’ socio-emotional adjustment and social safety. The aims of this study are to evaluate (1) the effectiveness of Rock and Water on socio-emotional adjustment (i.e., psychosocial wellbeing, sexual autonomy, and resilience) and social safety (i.e., perceived social security in the classroom, aggression, and bullying) and to examine (2) moderators and (3) mediators of its effects. Methods Schools are randomly assigned into four conditions: ‘Light’ (a core team of teachers is trained), ‘Standard’ (a core team of teachers and the whole school team is trained), ‘Plus’ (a core team of teachers, the whole school team is trained, and parents are involved), or ‘Control condition’ (Care As Usual). We aim to include 180 7th Grade students in each condition (N = 720) across all waves. A multi-informant (i.e., students, parents, and teachers) approach is used to assess the outcomes (socio-emotional adjustment and social safety), moderators (student, trainer, and parent characteristics) and mediators (self-control, self-reflection, self-esteem, and emotion regulation). Video-observations will be analyzed in a subsample to study the possible mediating effect of changes in deviant and prosocial communication among students on the effect on social safety. Discussion This project will provide information on the effectiveness of (different levels of school and parental involvement in) Rock and Water, which can be used by schools to decide upon the most efficient way to improve the care for the students. We will be able to shed more light on what works for whom and the working mechanisms of Rock and Water. Trial registration Dutch Trial Registration number 6554, registered on the 3rd of July 2017. The design of this study was approved by the Ethical Committee of the Faculty of Social and Behavioral Sciences of Utrecht University (FETC17–015). This study is financially supported by a grant from The Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development, grant number 531001106. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40359-018-0247-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C A Mertens
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, Utrecht, CS, Netherlands.
| | - M Deković
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, Utrecht, CS, Netherlands
| | - M van Londen
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, Utrecht, CS, Netherlands
| | - E Reitz
- Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584, Utrecht, CS, Netherlands
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Abstract
Multiple studies have shown that Multisystemic Therapy (MST) is, at group level, an effective treatment for adolescents showing serious externalizing problem behavior. The current study expands previous research on MST by, first, examining whether subgroups of participants who respond differently to treatment could be identified. Second, we investigated if the different trajectories of change during MST could be predicted by individual (hostile attributions) and contextual (parental sense of parenting competence and deviant and prosocial peer involvement) pre-treatment factors. Participants were 147 adolescents (mean age = 15.91 years, 104 (71%) boys) and their parents who received MST. Pre-treatment assessment of the predictors and 5 monthly assessments of externalizing behavior during treatment took place using both adolescent and parents’ self-reports. Six distinct subgroups, showing different trajectories of change in externalizing problem behavior during MST, were identified. Two of the 6 trajectories of change showed a poor treatment response, as one class did not change in externalizing problem behavior and the other class even increased. The remaining 4 trajectories displayed a positive effect of MST, by showing a decrease in externalizing behavior. Most of these trajectories could be predicted by parental sense of parenting competence. Additionally, lower involvement with prosocial peers was a predictor of the group that appeared to be resistant to MST. Adolescents do respond differently to MST, which indicates the importance of personalizing treatment. Protective factors, such as parental sense of parenting competence and prosocial peers, seem to require additional attention in the first phase of MST.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther C A Mertens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80140, 3508 TC, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica J Asscher
- Research Centre for Forensic Child and Youth Care Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Willeke A Manders
- Youth Spot, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Wibautstraat 5a, 1091 GH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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van Dijk R, Deković M, Bunte TL, Schoemaker K, Zondervan-Zwijnenburg M, Espy KA, Matthys W. Mother-Child Interactions and Externalizing Behavior Problems in Preschoolers over Time: Inhibitory Control as a Mediator. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2018; 45:1503-1517. [PMID: 28138808 PMCID: PMC5655588 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0258-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Previous research has shown links between parenting and externalizing behavior problems in young children over time. Associations between inhibitory control, one of the executive functions, and externalizing behavior problems are widely established as well. Yet, the role of inhibitory control in the maintenance and change of externalizing behavior problems over time remains unclear. We examined whether inhibitory control could explain the link between mother-child interactions measured on a moment-to-moment timescale and preschoolers’ externalizing behavior problems as reported by teachers. With a sample of 173 predominantly clinically referred preschoolers (76.9% boys) we tested a longitudinal model proposing that affective dyadic flexibility and maternal negative affect predict as well as interact in predicting hyperactive/impulsive behavior and aggressive behavior, with preschoolers’ inhibitory control as a mediator. Our results provide support for this model for preschoolers’ hyperactive/impulsive behavior, but not for aggressive behavior. Hence, inhibitory control is identified as a mechanism linking the content and structure of mother-child interactions to preschoolers’ hyperactivity and impulsivity over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rianne van Dijk
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80140, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80140, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa L. Bunte
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Kim Schoemaker
- Department of Clinical Child & Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Kimberly A. Espy
- Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA
- Department of Psychology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE USA
| | - Walter Matthys
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, P.O. Box 80140, Heidelberglaan 1, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 85500, Heidelberglaan 100, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Deutz MHF, Shi Q, Vossen HGM, Huijding J, Prinzie P, Deković M, van Baar AL, Woltering S. Evaluation of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Dysregulation Profile (SDQ-DP). Psychol Assess 2018; 30:1174-1185. [PMID: 29927304 DOI: 10.1037/pas0000564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The Dysregulation Profile (DP) has emerged as a measure of concurrent affective, behavioral and cognitive dysregulation, associated with severe psychopathology, and poor adjustment. While originally developed with the Child Behavior Checklist, more recently the DP has also been defined on the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ), mostly with a 5-item, but also a 15-item, SDQ-DP measure. This study evaluated the SDQ-DP by examining its factor structure, measurement invariance, and construct validity. Different SDQ-DP operationalizations were compared. In a United States longitudinal community sample (N = 768), a bifactor model consisting of a general Dysregulation factor and three specific factors of Emotional Symptoms, Conduct Problems, and Hyperactivity-Inattention fitted best, across three different developmental periods (early childhood, middle childhood, and adolescence) and across three different reporters (parents, teachers, and youth). Measurement invariance across reporter, gender, and developmental period was demonstrated. These findings indicate that the SDQ-DP, like the CBCL-DP, reflects a broad syndrome of dysregulation that exists in addition to specific syndromes of emotional symptoms, conduct problems, and hyperactivity-inattention. SDQ-DP bifactor scores were strongly related with scores on the 5- and 15-item SDQ-DP measures and similarly concurrently associated with two markers of self-regulation, ego-resiliency and effortful control, and longitudinally with antisocial behavior and disciplinary measures. As reliability, validity, and stability was weaker for the SDQ-DP 5-item measure, use of all 15 items is recommended. Advantages of using a bifactor approach are discussed as well as the potential of the SDQ-DP as an easy screening measure of children at risk for developing serious psychopathology. (PsycINFO Database Record
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te Brinke LW, Deković M, Stoltz SEMJ, Cillessen AHN. Bidirectional Effects between Parenting and Aggressive Child Behavior in the Context of a Preventive Intervention. J Abnorm Child Psychol 2018; 45:921-934. [PMID: 27787671 PMCID: PMC5487807 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0211-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Over time, developmental theories and empirical studies have gradually started to adopt a bidirectional viewpoint. The area of intervention research is, however, lagging behind in this respect. This longitudinal study examined whether bidirectional associations between (changes in) parenting and (changes in) aggressive child behavior over time differed in three conditions: a child intervention condition, a child + parent intervention condition and a control condition. Participants were 267 children (74 % boys, 26 % girls) with elevated levels of aggression, their mothers and their teachers. Reactive aggression, proactive aggression and perceived parenting were measured at four measurement times from pretest to one-year after intervention termination. Results showed that associations between aggressive child behavior and perceived parenting are different in an intervention context, compared to a general developmental context. Aggressive behavior and perceived parenting were unrelated over time for children who did not receive an intervention. In an intervention context, however, decreases in aggressive child behavior were related to increases in perceived positive parenting and decreases in perceived overreactivity. These findings underscore the importance of addressing child-driven processes in interventions aimed at children, but also in interventions aimed at both children and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysanne W. te Brinke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Maja Deković
- Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Meldrum RC, Verhoeven M, Junger M, van Aken MAG, Deković M. Parental Self-Control and the Development of Male Aggression in Early Childhood: A Longitudinal Test of Self-Control Theory. Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol 2018; 62:935-957. [PMID: 27511637 DOI: 10.1177/0306624x16662921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies have evaluated associations between parenting practices, adolescent self-control, and adolescent antisocial behavior. Yet, few studies have examined associations between these constructs in early childhood or examined the extent to which both maternal and paternal self-control shapes them. To address these gaps, the current study utilizes longitudinal data collected on a sample of 117 Dutch boys and their parents to investigate the across time interrelationships between parental self-control, ineffective parenting, child self-control, and child aggression. The results provide evidence of an indirect association between maternal self-control and early childhood self-control through maternal ineffective parenting, an indirect association between maternal ineffective parenting and early childhood aggression through early childhood self-control, and an indirect association between maternal self-control and early childhood aggression through both maternal ineffective parenting and early childhood self-control. In contrast, paternal self-control and paternal ineffective parenting were unrelated to child self-control and child aggression. The implications and limitations of the study are discussed.
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