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Kawarabayashi T, Nakamura T, Miyashita K, Segawa T, Fukamachi I, Sugawara T, Oka H, Ishizawa K, Amari M, Kasahara H, Makioka K, Ikeda Y, Takatama M, Shoji M. Clinical Evaluation of Cerebrospinal Fluid p217tau and Neurofilament Light Chain Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease or Other Neurological Diseases. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 96:1623-1638. [PMID: 38007650 PMCID: PMC10741340 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (p217tau) or 181 (p181tau), and neurofilament light chain (NfL) are definite biomarkers of tauopathy and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD). OBJECTIVE To validate their utility in excluding other neurological diseases and age-related changes in clinical settings. METHODS We developed monoclonal antibodies against p217tau and NfL, established novel ELISAs, and analyzed 170 CSF samples from patients with AD or other neurological diseases. RESULTS In AD, p217tau is a more specific and abundant CSF component than p181tau. However, CSF NfL levels increase age-dependently and to a greater extent in central and peripheral nervous diseases than in AD. CONCLUSIONS CSF p217tau correlates better with AD neurodegeneration than other tau-related biomarkers and the major phosphorylated tau species. The clinical usage of NfL as a neurodegeneration biomarker in AD requires exclusion of various central and peripheral neurological diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kawarabayashi
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takashi Sugawara
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hironori Oka
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Ishizawa
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroo Kasahara
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kouki Makioka
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
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Okamoto K, Amari M, Ikeda M, Fukuda T, Suzuki K, Takatama M. A comparison of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the cerebellum and CAA-positive occipital lobe of 60 brains from routine autopsies. Neuropathology 2022; 42:483-487. [PMID: 35747901 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We semiquantitatively compared the frequency and severity of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in the cerebellum and CAA-positive occipital lobe of 60 subjects from routine autopsies. In the 60 subjects with a CAA-positive occipital lobe, cerebellar CAA was observed in 29 subjects (48.3%), and the severity of cerebellar CAA was relatively mild compared with occipital lobe CAA. Capillary CAA was observed in the occipital lobe of 12 subjects and the cerebellum of three subjects. CAA-related vasculopathies were observed in the occipital lobe of 15 subjects and the cerebellum of two subjects. The severity of CAA-related vasculopathy was mild in both of these subjects. Amyloid-β plaques were observed in the occipital lobe of 54 subjects (90%) and the cerebellum of 16 subjects (26.7%). The severity of amyloid-β plaques in the cerebellum was mild compared with the occipital lobe. In summary, we confirmed that cerebellar CAA is frequently observed in the cerebellum but with a lower severity than CAA in the occipital lobe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan.,Division of General Education (Neurology), Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
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3
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Okamoto K, Amari M, Iwai T, Fukuda T, Suzuki K, Takatama M. An autopsy case of amyloid angiopathy-related cerebellar hemorrhage. Neuropathology 2022; 42:40-44. [PMID: 35001426 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An 80-year-old man with dementia demonstrated cerebellar hemorrhage. Autopsy revealed pathology compatible with Alzheimer's disease and cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). CAA was more prevalent in the occipital lobe than in the frontal, parietal, and temporal lobes; however, amyloid-β (Aβ)-containing senile plaques were less abundant in the occipital cortex than in the other cortices. In the cerebellum, abundant CAA-involved vessels were observed in the subarachnoid space and molecular layer and to a lesser extent in the Purkinje and granule layers. On consecutive sections, Aβ1-42 immunohistochemistry revealed senile plaques and CAA-involved vessels with strong immunoreactivity whereas Aβ1-40 immunohistochemistry identfied CAA-involved vessels with strong immunoreactivity and senile plaques with weak immunoreactivity in the cerebellar cortices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Iwai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
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4
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Nakahata N, Nakamura T, Kawarabayashi T, Seino Y, Ichii S, Ikeda Y, Amari M, Takatama M, Murashita K, Ihara K, Itoh K, Nakaji S, Shoji M. Age-Related Cognitive Decline and Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in the Iwaki Health Promotion Project. J Alzheimers Dis 2021; 84:1233-1245. [PMID: 34633321 DOI: 10.3233/jad-210699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Iwaki Health Promotion Project (IHPP) is a community-based study for the prevention of lifestyle-related diseases and improvement of quality of life. OBJECTIVE Between 2014 and 2017, a total of 4,442 Iwaki town residents from 19 to 93 years of age participated in annual surveys to clarify the natural course of age-related cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHODS Modified OLD and SED-11Q questionnaires, MMSE, Logical Memory II, educational history, and APOE genotypes were examined at the first screening. MCI and dementia were diagnosed at the second examination by detailed neurological examination, CDR, and MRI, and followed for 3 years. Spline regression analyses based on a linear mixed model was adopted for statistical analysis. RESULTS MMSE scores declined with age from 55 to 64 years. There was also interaction between levels of education and ages. At the second examination, 56 MCI and 5 dementia patients were identified. None of the MCI cases progressed to dementia during the 3 years. During follow-up examinations, 13 cases showed improved MMSE scores (0.95 point/year), 5 remained stable, and 7 deteriorated (-0.83 point/year). Five cases showed improved CDR-SOB scores (-0.28 point/year), 9 remained stable, and 6 deteriorated (0.3 point/year). CONCLUSION IHPP revealed that age- and education-related cognitive decline began and advanced from 55 years of age. The prevalence of MCI and dementia was estimated to be 5.9%in the Iwaki town cohort over 60 yeas of age. About 30%of MCI cases showed progression of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Nakahata
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Division of Speech-Language-Hearing Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University of Health and Welfare, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan.,Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawarabayashi
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Seino
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki National Hospital, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Sadanobu Ichii
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Koichi Murashita
- Center of Innovation Research Initiatives Organization, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazunari Ihara
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Nakaji
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Social Medicine, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Dementia Research Center, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
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5
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Urushida Y, Ishikawa D, Yanaizumi M, Nakamura T, Amari M, Kawarabayashi T, Tosaka M, Ikeda Y, Takatama M, Shoji M. IgG4-related hypothalamo-hypophysitis. eNeurologicalSci 2021; 24:100362. [PMID: 34466672 PMCID: PMC8385281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2021.100362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A patient exhibited IgG4-related hypothalamo-hypophysitis. Prominent high-signal areas of swelling were observed in the hypothalamus, tuber cinereum, infundibulum, and bilateral optic nerve systems. MRI T1WI with contrast media demonstrated enhanced neurohypophysis and cystic swelling, and compressed anterior pituitary. MRI findings improved rapidly after 4 days of steroid therapy.
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Key Words
- ACE, angiotensin converting enzyme
- ACTH, adrenocorticotropic hormone
- AQP4, aquaporin-4
- BP, blood pressure
- CT, computed tomography
- DDAVP, 1-desamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin
- FLAIR, fluid attenuated inversion recovery
- FSH, follicle stimulating hormone
- IgG4-related hypothalamo-hypophysitis
- LH, luteinizing hormone
- MPO-ANCA, myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
- MRI, magnetic resonance imaging
- Neurohypophysitis
- Optic tract edema
- PR3-ANCA, proteinase-3-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
- Rapid recovery
- T1WI, T1 weighted image
- T2WI, T2 weighted image
- sIL-2R, soluble interleukin 2 receptor
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Urushida
- Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Daisuke Ishikawa
- Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mayuri Yanaizumi
- Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakamura
- Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | | | - Masahiko Tosaka
- Neurosurgery, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | | | - Mikio Shoji
- Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
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6
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Ikeda M, Okamoto K, Suzuki K, Takai E, Kasahara H, Furuta N, Furuta M, Tashiro Y, Shimizu C, Takatama S, Naito I, Sato M, Sakai Y, Takahashi M, Amari M, Takatama M, Higuchi T, Tsushima Y, Yokoo H, Kurabayashi M, Ishibashi S, Ishii K, Ikeda Y. Recurrent Lobar Hemorrhages and Multiple Cortical Superficial Siderosis in a Patient of Alzheimer's Disease With Homozygous APOE ε2 Allele Presenting Hypobetalipoproteinemia and Pathological Findings of 18F-THK5351 Positron Emission Tomography: A Case Report. Front Neurol 2021; 12:645625. [PMID: 34305778 PMCID: PMC8294698 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.645625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In Alzheimer's disease, the apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) ε2 allele is a protective genetic factor, whereas the APOE ε4 allele is a genetic risk factor. However, both the APOE ε2 and the APOE ε4 alleles are genetic risk factors for lobar intracerebral hemorrhage. The reasons for the high prevalence of lobar intracerebral hemorrhage and the low prevalence of Alzheimer's disease with the APOE ε2 allele remains unknown. Here, we describe the case of a 79-year-old Japanese female with Alzheimer's disease, homozygous for the APOE ε2 allele. This patient presented with recurrent lobar hemorrhages and multiple cortical superficial siderosis. The findings on the 11C-labeled Pittsburgh Compound B-positron emission tomography (PET) were characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. 18F-THK5351 PET revealed that the accumulation of 18F-THK 5351 in the right pyramidal tract at the pontine level, the cerebral peduncle of the midbrain, and the internal capsule, reflecting the lesions of the previous lobar intracerebral hemorrhage in the right frontal lobe. Moreover, 18F-THK5351 accumulated in the bilateral globus pallidum, amygdala, caudate nuclei, and the substantia nigra of the midbrain, which were probably off-target reaction, by binding to monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B). 18F-THK5351 were also detected in the periphery of prior lobar hemorrhages and a cortical subarachnoid hemorrhage, as well as in some, but not all, areas affected by cortical siderosis. Besides, 18F-THK5351 retentions were observed in the bilateral medial temporal cortices and several cortical areas without cerebral amyloid angiopathy or prior hemorrhages, possibly where tau might accumulate. This is the first report of a patient with Alzheimer's disease, carrying homozygous APOE ε2 allele and presenting with recurrent lobar hemorrhages, multiple cortical superficial siderosis, and immunohistochemically vascular amyloid β. The 18F-THK5351 PET findings suggested MAO-B concentrated regions, astroglial activation, Waller degeneration of the pyramidal tract, neuroinflammation due to CAA related hemorrhages, and possible tau accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Division of General Education (Neurology), Faculty of Health & Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Eriko Takai
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroo Kasahara
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Natsumi Furuta
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Minori Furuta
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tashiro
- Department of Neurology, Mito Medical Center, Mito, Japan
| | - Chisato Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shin Takatama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Isao Naito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Mie Sato
- Department of Anesthesiology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Sakai
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Manabu Takahashi
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yokoo
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masahiko Kurabayashi
- Department of Pathology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shun Ishibashi
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishii
- Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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Urushida Y, Kikuchi Y, Shimizu C, Amari M, Kawarabayashi T, Nakamura T, Ikeda Y, Takatama M, Shoji M. Improved Neuroimaging Findings and Cognitive Function in a Case of High-altitude Cerebral Edema. Intern Med 2021; 60:1299-1302. [PMID: 33229804 PMCID: PMC8112975 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.5747-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a rare condition of acute mountain sickness that manifests as consciousness disturbance and truncal ataxia. Neuroimaging shows vasogenic edema with microbleeds in the white matter and the corpus callosum. We herein report a case of HACE in which the patient showed widespread hyperintense signals with extensive microbleeds in the white matter and corpus callosum on MRI, as well as cognitive dysfunction. Rehabilitation to improve the higher brain function facilitated the recovery of the patient's cognitive impairment and was accompanied by improved MRI findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Urushida
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
| | - Yutaro Kikuchi
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
| | - Chisato Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawarabayashi
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Japan
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8
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Ikeda M, Kodaira S, Kasahara H, Takai E, Nagashima K, Fujita Y, Makioka K, Hirayanagi K, Furuta N, Furuta M, Sanada E, Kobayashi A, Harigaya Y, Nagamine S, Hattori N, Tashiro Y, Kishi K, Shimada H, Suto T, Tanaka H, Sakai Y, Yamazaki T, Tanaka Y, Aihara Y, Amari M, Yamaguchi H, Okamoto K, Takatama M, Ishii K, Higuchi T, Tsushima Y, Ikeda Y. Cerebral Microbleeds, Cerebrospinal Fluid, and Neuroimaging Markers in Clinical Subtypes of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Neurol 2021; 12:543866. [PMID: 33889121 PMCID: PMC8056016 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.543866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lobar cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are associated with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) due to vascular amyloid beta (Aβ) deposits. However, the relationship between lobar CMBs and clinical subtypes of AD remains unknown. Here, we enrolled patients with early- and late-onset amnestic dominant AD, logopenic variant of primary progressive aphasia (lvPPA) and posterior cortical atrophy (PCA) who were compatible with the AD criteria. We then examined the levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers [Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-38, phosphorylated tau 181 (P-Tau), total tau (T-Tau), neurofilament light chain (NFL), and chitinase 3-like 1 protein (YKL-40)], analyzed the number and localization of CMBs, and measured the cerebral blood flow (CBF) volume by 99mTc-ethyl cysteinate dimer single photon emission computerized tomography (99mTc ECD-SPECT), as well as the mean cortical standard uptake value ratio by 11C-labeled Pittsburgh Compound B-positron emission tomography (11C PiB-PET). Lobar CMBs in lvPPA were distributed in the temporal, frontal, and parietal lobes with the left side predominance, while the CBF volume in lvPPA significantly decreased in the left temporal area, where the number of lobar CMBs and the CBF volumes showed a significant inversely correlation. The CSF levels of NFL in lvPPA were significantly higher compared to the other AD subtypes and non-demented subjects. The numbers of lobar CMBs significantly increased the CSF levels of NFL in the total AD patients, additionally, among AD subtypes, the CSF levels of NFL in lvPPA predominantly were higher by increasing number of lobar CMBs. On the other hand, the CSF levels of Aβ1-38, Aβ1-40, Aβ1-42, P-Tau, and T-Tau were lower by increasing number of lobar CMBs in the total AD patients. These findings may suggest that aberrant brain hypoperfusion in lvPPA was derived from the brain atrophy due to neurodegeneration, and possibly may involve the aberrant microcirculation causing by lobar CMBs and cerebrovascular injuries, with the left side dominance, consequently leading to a clinical phenotype of logopenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.,Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan.,Division of Common Education (Neurology), Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, Hidaka, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kodaira
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroo Kasahara
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Eriko Takai
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Nagashima
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yukio Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kouki Makioka
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kimitoshi Hirayanagi
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Natsumi Furuta
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Minori Furuta
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Etsuko Sanada
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Ayumi Kobayashi
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yasuo Harigaya
- Department of Neurology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Shun Nagamine
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Noriaki Hattori
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Jomo Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tashiro
- Department of Neurology, Mito Medical Center, Mito, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Kishi
- Department of Radiology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Shimada
- Department of Radiology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takayuki Suto
- Department of Radiology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hisashi Tanaka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Tanaka Hospital, Yoshioka, Japan
| | - Yasujiro Sakai
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Yamazaki
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yukiko Tanaka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Uchida Hospital, Numata, Japan
| | - Yuko Aihara
- Department of Neurology, Shinozuka Hospital, Fujioka, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan.,Tokyo Center for Dementia Research and Practices, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishii
- Team for Neuroimaging, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Higuchi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshito Tsushima
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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9
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Kikuchi Y, Miyamoto N, Urushida Y, Shimizu C, Amari M, Kawarabayashi T, Nakamura T, Takatama S, Naito I, Ikeda Y, Takatama M, Shoji M. Successful basilar artery dilatation in pure bilateral cerebral peduncular infarctions using balloon angioplasty. eNeurologicalSci 2020; 21:100282. [PMID: 33102821 PMCID: PMC7569187 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2020.100282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
An extremely rare case of bilateral cerebral peduncular infarctions (BCPI) is reported. The detection of the pure Mickey Mouse ears sign on MRI is an indicator of a need for reperfusion therapy. Severe stenosis of the basilar artery (BA) and a poor collateral supply from both posterior cerebral arteries were seen. Balloon angioplasty for the BA stenosis ameliorated the stenosis and produced a favorable outcome.
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Key Words
- BA, Basilar artery
- BCPI, Bilateral cerebral peduncular infarctions
- Balloon angioplasty
- Bilateral cerebral peduncular infarctions
- Collateral circulation
- DWI, Diffusion-weighted imaging
- FLAIR, Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery
- HbA1c, Glycated hemoglobin
- LDL, Low-density lipoprotein
- MRA, Magnetic resonance angiography
- MRI, Magnetic resonance imaging
- Mickey mouse ears sign
- PCA, Posterior cerebral artery
- PICA, Posterior inferior cerebellar artery
- PcomA, Posterior communicating artery
- SCA, Superior cerebellar artery
- Vertebrobasilar artery stenosis
- mRS, modified Rankin Scale
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaro Kikuchi
- Department of Neurology, Isesaki Municipal Hospital, 12-1 Tsunatorihonmachi, Isesaki, Gunma 372-0817, Japan
| | - Naoko Miyamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Yuki Urushida
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Chisato Shimizu
- Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Takasaki General Medical Center, 36 Takamatsu-cho,Takasaki, Gunma 370-0829, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawarabayashi
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Takumi Nakamura
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Shin Takatama
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Isao Naito
- Department of Neurosurgery, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, 3-26-8 Otomocho, Maebashi, Gunma 371-0847, Japan
- Corresponding author.
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10
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Okamoto K, Amari M, Fukuda T, Suzuki K, Takatama M. Amyloid-β plaques may be reduced in advanced stages of cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the elderly. Neuropathology 2020; 40:474-481. [PMID: 32557936 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We examined 29 cases in which cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) was detected among routine aged autopsies. Most cases with severe CAA had many amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques in the occipital cortex. Nonetheless, two cases had few Aβ plaques with many small vessels and capillaries with CAA. In the two cases, severe CAA was widely distributed, except in the frontal lobes. Aβ deposits in capillaries often showed the characteristic pattern of dysphoric amyloid angiopathy. A few naked plaques were present. Although Aβ plaques were sparse near small vessels with CAA, there were many Aβ plaques distant from small vessels with CAA. Some of the remaining plaques had a moth-eaten appearance. Based on Aβ-positive star-like appearance and results of double immunohistochemistry for glial fibrillary acidic protein and Aβ1-42 , some astrocytes appeared to contain Aβ. Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1)-positive microglia were scattered within the neuropil, with some present around small vessels with CAA. Iba1-positive microglia also seemed to phagocytose Aβ in several senile plaques by double immunostaining. Neurons and neurites identified with a monoclonal antibody against phosphorylated tau (clone AT8) were occasionally detected in sparse plaque areas, with AT8-identified dot-like structures present around capillaries with CAA. Accumulation of T lymphocytes was detected around vessels in the subarachnoid space in one case. The morphological changes detected in our two cases were similar to those of morphological markers of plaque clearance after Aβ immunotherapy. Nonetheless, our cases did not receive Aβ immunotherapy, but similar pathologies were observed. Overall, advanced CAA cases, including our two cases, may be examples of plaque clearance without Aβ immunotherapy. Further studies are needed to resolve the mechanism of Aβ plaque clearance using these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
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11
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Okamoto K, Amari M, Fukuda T, Suzuki K, Takatama M. Astrocytic tau pathologies in aged human brain. Neuropathology 2019; 39:187-193. [PMID: 30937988 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Argyrophilic and tau-positive abnormal structures in astrocytes are frequent in aged brains, with a new nomenclature of aging-related tau astrogliopathy (ARTAG) proposed. The two major cytomorphologies of ARTAG are thorn-shaped astrocytes (TSA) and granular or fuzzy tau immunoreactivity in processes of astrocytes (GFA). We selected 28 cases in which many AT8-identified astrocytic tauopathies were observed in the central nervous system from 330 routine aged autopsied cases, including Alzheimer's disease. AT8-identified and Gallyas silver staining-positive TSA were observed in subpial, subependymal, perivascular areas as well as white matter. These TSA were 4-repeat (4R) tau-positive. In contrast, 3-repeat (3R)-tau was negative in TSA, but positive in short thick cell processes, likely neuropil threads, in subpial and subependymal areas. The frequency of 3R-tau-positive processes was variable. Small dot-like AT8-identified astrocytic processes surrounding vessels in the neuropil were also positive for 4R-tau, but negative for 3R-tau. GFA in cerebral gray matter were AT8-identified and Gallyas-positive, and positive for 4R-tau but negative for 3R-tau. In this study, we did not identify 3R-tau+/4R-tau+ or 3R-tau+/4R-tau- astrocytes. Further studies are needed to clarify the nature and progression of glial tau-positive structures in ARTAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
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12
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Bayou-Khie N, Amari M, Fodili M, Grau S, Hoffmann P. A green and efficient method for the synthesis of homodimeric (β-dicarbonyl) arylmethanes and dihydropyridine from dimedone in water. J Fundam and Appl Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4314/jfas.v8i3.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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13
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Okamoto K, Amari M, Fukuda T, Suzuki K, Takatama M. Comparison of AT8 immunoreactivity in the locus ceruleus and hippocampus of 154 brains from routine autopsies. Neuropathology 2017; 37:306-310. [PMID: 28168741 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We compared semiquantitatively AT8 immunoreactivity in the locus ceruleus (LC) and hippocampus of 154 brains from routine autopsies to investigate the initial sites of phosphorylated tau (phospho-tau) development. The numbers of AT8-positive neurons and the severity of AT8-positive neuropil threads (NTs) in the LC were strongly associated: there were no cases with AT8-positive neurons that lacked NTs and 20 cases (13%) had only NTs in the LC. Phospho-tau pathologies in the LC were almost equally on both sides, although some cases (7.8%) showed unilateral predominance. The numbers of AT8-positive neurons in the LC and the numbers of AT8-positive neurons and NTs in the hippocampus were also strongly associated. There were only two cases with AT8-positive neurons in the LC that lacked phospho-tau pathology in the hippocampus, and 21 cases (13.6%) with phospho-tau pathology in the hippocampus that lacked AT8-positive neurons in the LC. The numbers of AT8-positive NTs in the LC and AT8-positive neurons and NTs in the hippocampus were also strongly associated. There were seven cases (4.5%) with AT8-positive NTs in the LC that lacked phospho-tau pathology in the hippocampus, and five cases (3.2 %) with phospho-tau pathologies in the hippocampus that lacked AT8-positive NTs in the LC. In this study, we could not confirm that phospho-tau pathologies begin in the LC. We suspect their simultaneous occurrences in both hippocampal regions and in LC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshio Fukuda
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Keiji Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masamitsu Takatama
- Department of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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14
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Ikeda M, Tashiro Y, Takai E, Kurose S, Fugami N, Tsuda K, Arisaka Y, Kodaira S, Fujita Y, Makioka K, Mizuno Y, Shimada H, Harigaya Y, Takatama M, Amari M, Yamazaki T, Yamaguchi H, Higuchi T, Okamoto K, Tsushima Y, Ikeda Y. CSF levels of Aβ1-38/Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 and (11)C PiB-PET studies in three clinical variants of primary progressive aphasia and Alzheimer's disease. Amyloid 2014; 21:238-45. [PMID: 25139672 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2014.949231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Primary progressive aphasia (PPA) is a cognitive syndrome characterized by progressive and isolated language impairments due to neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, an international group of experts published a Consensus Classification of the three PPA clinical variants (naPPA, svPPA and lvPPA). We analyzed 24 patients with PPA by cognitive functions, neuroimaging (MRI, (99 m)Tc ECD-SPECT, (11)C PiB-PET and FDG-PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis (ptau-181, Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-38), to elucidate relationships between neuroimaging studies and biochemical findings in the three PPA clinical variants. Cognitive and speech functions were measured by mini-mental state examination and standard language test of aphasia. The patients with lvPPA showed significant decreases in CSF Aβ1-42 and ratios of Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-38, and significant increases in CSF ptau-181 and ratios of ptau-181/Aβ1-42 and ptau-181/Aβ1-38; these findings were similar to those of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). We observed a higher frequency of the ApoE ε4 allele in the lvPPA patients relative to the two other PPA variants. In (11)C PiB-PET of lvPPA patients, PiB positive findings were detected in cortices of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes and the posterior cingulate, where massive Aβ may accumulate due to AD. Our results of AD-CSF markers including Aβ1-38 and (11)C PiB-PET in the lvPPA patients demonstrate a common pathological mechanism with the occurrence of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Departments of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine , Maebashi, Gunma , Japan
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15
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Miyashita A, Wen Y, Kitamura N, Matsubara E, Kawarabayashi T, Shoji M, Tomita N, Furukawa K, Arai H, Asada T, Harigaya Y, Ikeda M, Amari M, Hanyu H, Higuchi S, Nishizawa M, Suga M, Kawase Y, Akatsu H, Imagawa M, Hamaguchi T, Yamada M, Morihara T, Takeda M, Takao T, Nakata K, Sasaki K, Watanabe K, Nakashima K, Urakami K, Ooya T, Takahashi M, Yuzuriha T, Serikawa K, Yoshimoto S, Nakagawa R, Saito Y, Hatsuta H, Murayama S, Kakita A, Takahashi H, Yamaguchi H, Akazawa K, Kanazawa I, Ihara Y, Ikeuchi T, Kuwano R. Lack of Genetic Association Between TREM2 and Late-Onset Alzheimer's Disease in a Japanese Population. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 41:1031-8. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-140225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Miyashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Yanan Wen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Kitamura
- Department of Medical Informatics, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawarabayashi
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Tomita
- Department of Geriatric and Complementary Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Furukawa
- Department of Geriatric and Complementary Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Geriatric and Complementary Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Asada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Harigaya
- Department of Neurology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Haruo Hanyu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- Division of Clinical Research, Kurihama Alcoholism Center, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Masatoyo Nishizawa
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | - Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Morihara
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Katsuya Urakami
- Department of Biological Regulation, Section of Environment and Health Science, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuo Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takefumi Yuzuriha
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yuko Saito
- Department of Pathology, National Center Hospital of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hatsuta
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Kakita
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takahashi
- Department of Pathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | - Kohei Akazawa
- Department of Medical Informatics, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kanazawa
- National Center Hospital of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ihara
- Department of Neuropathology, Doshisha University, Kizugawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ryozo Kuwano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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16
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Okamoto K, Amari M, Fujita Y, Makioka K, Fukuda T, Suzuki K, Takatama M. Cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation in cells of the adrenal medulla in individuals with or without amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Neuropathology 2014; 34:535-40. [PMID: 25039310 DOI: 10.1111/neup.12139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/14/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The transactive response DNA-binding protein of 43 kDa (TDP-43) is normally located predominantly in the nucleus, whereas pathological TDP-43 is mostly found in the cytoplasm. Cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulation has not yet been reported in normal general organs. In our preliminary study, paraffin sections of the general organs of individuals with or without amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) were immunostained with antibodies against TDP-43 and phosphorylated TDP-43 (pTDP-43). Diffuse and granular immunostaining pattern of TDP-43 and pTDP-43 were observed frequently in the cytoplasm of renal tubular cells, and less frequently in the cells of several organs; however, the majority of these immunoreactivities were nonspecific biotin reactions. Conversely, many TDP-43-positive and pTDP-43-negative cytoplasmic accumulations were observed in the adrenal medulla in every individual (with or without ALS). Skein-like or round inclusions were not observed. The cells in the adrenal medulla were well preserved, and the cytoplasmic TDP-43 accumulations were frequent in the cells of all routine autopsy cases without loss of nuclear TDP-43 immunostaining; therefore, we considered that this was a physiological phenomenon. This is the first study that demonstrated the cytoplasmic accumulation of TDP-43 in routinely autopsied cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Okamoto
- Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
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17
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Ikeda M, Tashiro Y, Arai K, Kurose S, Takai E, Fugami N, Tsuda K, Shimada H, Amari M, Harigaya Y, Takatama M, Yamazaki T, Yamaguchi H, Okamoto K, Higuchi T, Tsushima Y, Ikeda Y. P2‐158: CLINICAL FEATURES OF POSTERIOR CORTICAL ATROPHY VERSUS ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | | | - Kunihiko Arai
- Sizuoka Institute of Epilepsy and Neurological DisordersShizuokaJapan
| | - Sachiko Kurose
- Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Eriko Takai
- Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Naoko Fugami
- Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yoshio Ikeda
- Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
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18
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Ikeda M, Tsuda K, Tashiro Y, Takai E, Kurose S, Fugami N, Amari M, Harigaya Y, Yamazaki T, Yamaguchi H, Takatama M, Okamoto K, Higuchi T, Tsushima Y. P4–364: Analysis of cognition, CSF and neuroimaging in cases of progressive aphasia. Alzheimers Dement 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2013.08.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Gunma University School of Medicine Maebashi Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Masakuni Amari
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital Maebashi Japan
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19
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Takagi K, Ishida T, Miki Y, Hirakawa H, Kakugawa Y, Amano G, Ebata A, Mori N, Nakamura Y, Watanabe M, Amari M, Ohuchi N, Sasano H, Suzuki T. Intratumoral concentration of estrogens and clinicopathological changes in ductal carcinoma in situ following aromatase inhibitor letrozole treatment. Br J Cancer 2013; 109:100-8. [PMID: 23756858 PMCID: PMC3708565 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2013.284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2013] [Revised: 05/12/2013] [Accepted: 05/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Estrogens have important roles in ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the breast. However, the significance of presurgical aromatase inhibitor treatment remains unclear. Therefore, we examined intratumoral concentration of estrogens and changes of clinicopathological factors in DCIS after letrozole treatment. Methods: Ten cases of postmenopausal oestrogen receptor (ER)-positive DCIS were examined. They received oral letrozole before the surgery, and the tumour size was evaluated by ultrasonography. Surgical specimens and corresponding biopsy samples were used for immunohistochemistry. Snap-frozen specimens were also available in a subset of cases, and used for hormone assays and microarray analysis. Results: Intratumoral oestrogen levels were significantly lower in DCIS treated with letrozole compared with that in those without the therapy. A great majority of oestrogen-induced genes showed low expression levels in DCIS treated with letrozole by microarray analysis. Moreover, letrozole treatment reduced the greatest dimension of DCIS, and significantly decreased Ki-67 and progesterone receptor immunoreactivity in DCIS tissues. Conclusion: These results suggest that estrogens are mainly produced by aromatase in DCIS tissues, and aromatase inhibitors potently inhibit oestrogen actions in postmenopausal ER-positive DCIS through rapid deprivation of intratumoral estrogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Takagi
- Department of Pathology and Histotechnology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, 980-8575 Sendai, Japan
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20
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Ikeda M, Yonemura K, Kakuda S, Tashiro Y, Fujita Y, Takai E, Hashimoto Y, Makioka K, Furuta N, Ishiguro K, Maruki R, Yoshida J, Miyaguchi O, Tsukie T, Kuwano R, Yamazaki T, Yamaguchi H, Amari M, Takatama M, Harigaya Y, Okamoto K. Cerebrospinal fluid levels of phosphorylated tau and Aβ1-38/Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42 in Alzheimer's disease with PS1 mutations. Amyloid 2013; 20:107-12. [PMID: 23638752 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2013.790810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We studied seven cases of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Six of the patients had presenilin 1 (PS1) mutations (PS1AD). Three novel PS1 mutations (T99A, H131R and L219R) and three other missense mutations (M233L, H163R and V272A) were found in the PS1AD group. We measured the levels of phosphorylated tau (ptau-181, ptau-199) and Aβ (Aβ1-42, Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-38) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of PS1AD patients, early-onset sporadic AD (EOSAD), late-onset sporadic AD (LOSAD) and non-demented subjects (ND). The CSF levels of Aβ1-42 in the three AD groups were significantly lower than those of the ND group (p < 0.0001). CSF levels of Aβ1-42 in the PS1AD group were significantly lower than those in the two sporadic AD groups. The Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-38 levels in the CSF of the PS1AD group were significantly lower than those of the three other groups (p < 0.0001, respectively). The levels of Aβ1-40, Aβ1-38 and Aβ1-42 in the CSF of the PS1AD group remained lower than those of the ND group for 4 years. Not only CSF Aβ1-42, but also Aβ1-40 and Aβ1-38 decreased in the advanced stages of PS1AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
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Miyashita A, Koike A, Jun G, Wang LS, Takahashi S, Matsubara E, Kawarabayashi T, Shoji M, Tomita N, Arai H, Asada T, Harigaya Y, Ikeda M, Amari M, Hanyu H, Higuchi S, Ikeuchi T, Nishizawa M, Suga M, Kawase Y, Akatsu H, Kosaka K, Yamamoto T, Imagawa M, Hamaguchi T, Yamada M, Moriaha T, Takeda M, Takao T, Nakata K, Fujisawa Y, Sasaki K, Watanabe K, Nakashima K, Urakami K, Ooya T, Takahashi M, Yuzuriha T, Serikawa K, Yoshimoto S, Nakagawa R, Kim JW, Ki CS, Won HH, Na DL, Seo SW, Mook-Jung I, St. George-Hyslop P, Mayeux R, Haines JL, Pericak-Vance MA, Yoshida M, Nishida N, Tokunaga K, Yamamoto K, Tsuji S, Kanazawa I, Ihara Y, Schellenberg GD, Farrer LA, Kuwano R. SORL1 is genetically associated with late-onset Alzheimer's disease in Japanese, Koreans and Caucasians. PLoS One 2013; 8:e58618. [PMID: 23565137 PMCID: PMC3614978 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To discover susceptibility genes of late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD), we conducted a 3-stage genome-wide association study (GWAS) using three populations: Japanese from the Japanese Genetic Consortium for Alzheimer Disease (JGSCAD), Koreans, and Caucasians from the Alzheimer Disease Genetic Consortium (ADGC). In Stage 1, we evaluated data for 5,877,918 genotyped and imputed SNPs in Japanese cases (n = 1,008) and controls (n = 1,016). Genome-wide significance was observed with 12 SNPs in the APOE region. Seven SNPs from other distinct regions with p-values <2×10(-5) were genotyped in a second Japanese sample (885 cases, 985 controls), and evidence of association was confirmed for one SORL1 SNP (rs3781834, P = 7.33×10(-7) in the combined sample). Subsequent analysis combining results for several SORL1 SNPs in the Japanese, Korean (339 cases, 1,129 controls) and Caucasians (11,840 AD cases, 10,931 controls) revealed genome wide significance with rs11218343 (P = 1.77×10(-9)) and rs3781834 (P = 1.04×10(-8)). SNPs in previously established AD loci in Caucasians showed strong evidence of association in Japanese including rs3851179 near PICALM (P = 1.71×10(-5)) and rs744373 near BIN1 (P = 1.39×10(-4)). The associated allele for each of these SNPs was the same as in Caucasians. These data demonstrate for the first time genome-wide significance of LOAD with SORL1 and confirm the role of other known loci for LOAD in Japanese. Our study highlights the importance of examining associations in multiple ethnic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Miyashita
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Asako Koike
- Central Research Laboratory, Hitachi Ltd, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Gyungah Jun
- Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Li-San Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | | | - Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kawarabayashi
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan
| | - Naoki Tomita
- Department of Geriatric and Complementary Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Arai
- Department of Geriatric and Complementary Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Takashi Asada
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Yasuo Harigaya
- Department of Neurology, Maebashi Red Cross Hospital, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Haruo Hanyu
- Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Susumu Higuchi
- Division of Clinical Research, Kurihama Alcoholism Center, Yokosuka, Japan
| | - Takeshi Ikeuchi
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masatoyo Nishizawa
- Department of Neurology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | | | | | - Hiroyasu Akatsu
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | - Kenji Kosaka
- Choju Medical Institute, Fukushimura Hospital, Toyohashi, Japan
| | | | | | - Tsuyoshi Hamaguchi
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Masahito Yamada
- Department of Neurology and Neurobiology of Aging, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Takashi Moriaha
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Takeda
- Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katsuya Urakami
- Department of Biological Regulation, Section of Environment and Health Science, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan
| | | | - Mitsuo Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takefumi Yuzuriha
- Department of Psychiatry, National Hospital Organization, Hizen Psychiatric Center, Saga, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Jong-Won Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chang-Seok Ki
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hong-Hee Won
- Department of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Duk L. Na
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Won Seo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry & Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Peter St. George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada, and the Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Mayeux
- Taub Institute on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan L. Haines
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Margaret A. Pericak-Vance
- The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Nao Nishida
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ken Yamamoto
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Shoji Tsuji
- Department of Neurology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ichiro Kanazawa
- National Center for Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan
| | - Yasuo Ihara
- Department of Neuropathology, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Gerard D. Schellenberg
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Lindsay A. Farrer
- Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Ophthalmology and Biostatistics, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Departments of Neurology, Ophthalmology, Genetics & Genomics, and Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail: (RK); (LAF)
| | - Ryozo Kuwano
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- * E-mail: (RK); (LAF)
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Ikeda M, Hirayanagi K, Arai M, Kakuda S, Makioka K, Furuta N, Takai E, Kasahara H, Tsukagoshi S, Fujita Y, Amari M, Takatama M, Nakazato Y, Okamoto K. Encephalopathy with amyloid angiopathy and numerous amyloid plaques with low levels of CSF Aβ1-40/Aβ1-42. Amyloid 2012; 19:186-90. [PMID: 22994303 DOI: 10.3109/13506129.2012.725113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A middle-aged male suffering from encephalopathy with cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) with amyloid beta (Aβ) presented with initial symptoms of transient consciousness disturbance and left visual field photophobia. Lesions with aberrantly high signal on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain appeared in the right temporal lobe posterior to the occipital lobe and spread to other areas. Brain biopsy revealed Aβ deposits in vascular walls and numerous diffuse plaques in parenchymal areas. Based on MRI findings, Initial corticosteroid therapy with beta methasone effectively improved the neurological symptoms of consciousness disturbance and motor deficits. After corticosteroid therapy was stopped at 4 weeks, recurrence occurred. Additional corticosteroids did not improve clinical symptoms and the patient progressed to a bed-ridden state with a severe consciousness disturbance. Notably, CSF Aβ1-42 and CSF Aβ1-40 decreased while the recurrent encephalopathy worsened. After intense deterioration, the patient became stable. CSF Aβ1-42 increased but remained at a very low level. This case of CAA encephalopathy with apolipoprotein E ϵ4/ϵ4 homozygosity showed Aβ deposits in vascular walls and numerous diffuse plaques in parenchymal areas. The clinical course suggests that reduction of CSF Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 might be related to clinical deterioration in cases of encephalopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
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Maki Y, Amari M, Yamaguchi T, Nakaaki S, Yamaguchi H. Anosognosia: patients' distress and self-awareness of deficits in Alzheimer's disease. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2012; 27:339-45. [PMID: 22815083 PMCID: PMC10845708 DOI: 10.1177/1533317512452039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2024]
Abstract
We aimed to study how patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) suffer from awareness of their deficits. Self-awareness was assessed using the Anosognosia Questionnaire for Dementia in 12 pairs of MCI outpatients and caregivers, 23 with mild AD, and 18 with moderate AD. The discrepancy between patient's and caregiver's evaluation (anosognosia) became greater as AD progressed. The predictors of patients' distress, shown by multiple linear regression analyses, were awareness of decline in intellectual or social functioning; self-awareness of deficits in remembering appointments in MCI; in remembering appointments, writing, mental calculation, and understanding the newspaper in mild AD; and in mental calculation and doing clerical work in moderate AD. Caregivers assumed the predictors of patients' distress differently: awareness of deterioration of memory in MCI and mild AD, and basic activities of daily living in moderate AD. Understanding patients' disability from patients' perspective is required for successful care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohko Maki
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Gunma University School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masakuni Amari
- Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Gunma University School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shutaro Nakaaki
- Laboratory of Aging, Behavior and Cognition, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Keio University School of Medicine
| | - Haruyasu Yamaguchi
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Gunma University School of Health Sciences, Gunma, Japan
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Hirayanagi K, Ikeda M, Arai M, Kakuda S, Makioka K, Furuta N, Kasahara H, Takatama M, Amari M, Nakzato Y, Okamoto K. P1‐061: Cerebral encephalopathy with cerebral amyloid angiopathy and numerous amyloid plaques presenting aberrant low levels of CSF Aβ 40/1–42. Alzheimers Dement 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2012.05.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Tamaki K, Ishida T, Miyashita M, Amari M, Ohuchi N, Kamada Y, Uehara K, Tamaki N, Sasano H. Breast Ultrasonographic and Histopathological Characteristics Without Any Mammographic Abnormalities. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2012; 42:168-74. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyr197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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26
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Yamaguchi H, Takahashi S, Kosaka K, Okamoto K, Yamazaki T, Ikeda M, Osawa M, Amari M, Harigaya Y, Awata S, Maki Y. Yamaguchi fox-pigeon imitation test (YFPIT) for dementia in clinical practice. Psychogeriatrics 2011; 11:221-6. [PMID: 22151241 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-8301.2011.00373.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In out-patient clinics, having simple procedures to check for signs of dementia is invaluable. In the present study, we evaluated the imitation of hand gestures to detect visuomotor deficits in dementia in clinical practice. METHODS In all, 1219 subjects were enrolled in the present study, including 497 with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 98 with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), 71 with other types of dementia diseases, 175 with a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 0.5, and 378 normal controls. All subjects were aged 65 years or older. Subjects were recruited from 10 clinics and two communities. Visuomotor function was evaluated by the Yamaguchi fox-pigeon imitation test (YFPIT), which consists of a simple one-handed sign for 'fox' and a complex two-handed sign for 'pigeon', a rapid, game-like test with low psychological burden. RESULTS The success rate (successful/total) for imitating the 'pigeon' hand gesture was reduced as the severity of the dementia increased: 85.7% in normal controls, 60.6% in CDR 0.5 (mild cognitive impairment), 39.2% in CDR 1 (mild dementia), 21.2% in CDR 2 (moderate dementia), and 5.7% in CDR 3 (severe dementia). The success rate for imitating the 'pigeon' hand gesture was higher in patients with DLB than AD within the CDR 1 group (51.2% vs 35.4%, respectively), but lower for patients with DLB than AD within the CDR 2 group (12.5% vs 24.4%, respectively). The success of imitating the hand gesture for 'fox' was similar for patients with AD and DLB. Of those subjects who failed to imitate the hand gesture for 'pigeon', 49.5% of those with AD showed the palm-palm pattern (both palms facing outward), suggesting deficits of perspective conversion from the first-person to the third-person. Conversely, 52.8% of patients with DLB showed a dorsum-dorsum pattern (both dorsa facing outwards), suggesting deterioration of visual attention and recognition. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the YFPIT is a useful test to detect visuomotor deficits in dementia that can differentiate between AD and DLB.
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Boufermel A, Joly N, Lotton P, Amari M, Gusev V. Velocity of Mass Transport to Model Acoustic Streaming: Numerical Application to Annular Resonators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.3813/aaa.918401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Miyashita M, Ishida T, Tamaki K, Amari M, Ohuchi N, Sasano H. Abstract P3-10-38: Histopathological Subclassification of Triple Negative Breast Carcinoma Using Prognostic Scoring System. Cancer Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs10-p3-10-38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: Triple negative breast carcinoma (TNBC) is currently being required to be classified pluralistically in order to provide the most appropriate therapy to the patients. We attempted to subclassify TNBC cases into subgroups based on clinical outcome or prognosis of the patients with TNBC using archival specimens. Materials and Methods: We analyzed 102 Japanese cases of invasive TNBC who underwent surgery between January 1998 and December 2007. The clinicopathological factors and clinical information of these patients were retrospectively retrieved from charts of the patients. Immunohistochemical staining was performed for estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), epidermal growth factor receptor 1 (EGFR1), CK5/6, Ki-67 and CD31 for microvessel density (MVD). Results: Median follow-up time of the patients was 68.5 months. Multivariable analysis demonstrated that the pathologic node status was the most significantly associated with relapse-free survival (RFS) and breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) of the patients. Pathological tumor size, basal-like type, Ki-67 labeling index (LI) and MVD were also independently associated with RFS and BCSS. Based on these results, we devised the Risk Score system reflecting Hazard ratios (HRs) of these prognostic factors above.
Multivariate analysis and the Risk Score for TNBC patients.
With this system, TNBC patients in this study were classified into three subgroups; patients with score 0-3 are in low risk group, score 4-7 in intermediate risk group and score 8- in high risk group. These three groups had statistically significant differences for risk of relapse and breast cancer-specific death, respectively.
Conclusions: We propose the Risk Score system, which incorporated pathologic nodal status, size of the primary tumor, the presence or absence of basal-like features, Ki67 LI and MVD of the patients in order to predict postoperative clinical course of the Japanese patients with TNBC. Such a classification which can be performed in diagnostic pathology laboratory can be useful as a decision-making tool for triple negative patients.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2010;70(24 Suppl):Abstract nr P3-10-38.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Miyashita
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - T Ishida
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - K Tamaki
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - M Amari
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - N Ohuchi
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - H. Sasano
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
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Ikeda M, Yonemura K, Kakuda S, Fujita Y, Hashimoto Y, Ishiguro K, Oriuchi N, Amari M, Harig Y, Okamo K. P4‐116: Temporal Kinetics of CSF Phosphorylated Tau (ptau‐181, Ptau‐199) in Novel PS1 Mutant FAD Cases. Alzheimers Dement 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2010.08.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Ikeda
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of NeurologyMaebashi Japan
| | - Kimie Yonemura
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorMaebashi Japan
| | - Satoko Kakuda
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of NeurologyMaebashi Japan
| | - Yukio Fujita
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of NeurologyMaebashi Japan
| | - Yukiko Hashimoto
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of NeurologyMaebashi Japan
| | - Koichi Ishiguro
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Psychiatry and Human BehaviorMaebashi Japan
| | - Noboru Oriuchi
- Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Nuclear MedicineMaebashi Japan
| | | | | | - Koichi Okamo
- Gunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashi Japan
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Tamaki K, Sasano H, Ishida T, Ishida K, Miyashita M, Takeda M, Amari M, Harada-Shoji N, Kawai M, Hayase T, Tamaki N, Ohuchi N. The Correlation Between Ultrasonographic Findings and Pathologic Features in Breast Disorders. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2010; 40:905-12. [DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyq070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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31
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Xu W, Kawarabayashi T, Matsubara E, Deguchi K, Murakami T, Harigaya Y, Ikeda M, Amari M, Kuwano R, Abe K, Shoji M. Plasma antibodies to Abeta40 and Abeta42 in patients with Alzheimer's disease and normal controls. Brain Res 2008; 1219:169-79. [PMID: 18534566 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2008.02.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2007] [Revised: 02/14/2008] [Accepted: 02/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies to amyloid beta protein (Abeta) are present naturally or after Abeta vaccine therapy in human plasma. To clarify their clinical role, we examined plasma samples from 113 patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 205 normal controls using the tissue amyloid plaque immunoreactivity (TAPIR) assay. A high positive rate of TAPIR was revealed in AD (45.1%) and age-matched controls (41.2%), however, no significance was observed. No significant difference was observed in the MMS score or disease duration between TAPIR-positive and negative samples. TAPIR-positive plasma reacted with the Abeta40 monomer and dimer, and the Abeta42 monomer weakly, but not with the Abeta42 dimer. TAPIR was even detected in samples from young normal subjects and young Tg2576 transgenic mice. Although the Abeta40 level and Abeta40/42 ratio increased, and Abeta42 was significantly decreased in plasma from AD groups when compared to controls, no significant correlations were revealed between plasma Abeta levels and TAPIR grading. Thus an immune response to Abeta40 and immune tolerance to Abeta42 occurred naturally in humans without a close relationship to the Abeta burden in the brain. Clarification of the mechanism of the immune response to Abeta42 is necessary for realization of an immunotherapy for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuhua Xu
- Department of Neurology, Neuroscience, Biophysiological Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacy, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan
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Hayashi S, Amari M, Takatama M, Okamoto K. Morphometric and topographical studies of small neurons in sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis spinal gray matter. Neuropathology 2007; 27:121-6. [PMID: 17494512 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2007.00754.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Little attention has been paid to the degeneration of small neurons in ALS spinal gray matter. The purpose of the present paper was to undertake morphometric and quantitative analysis of the spinal gray matter of 15 ALS patients and compare findings to those of five controls. A significant reduction of small neurons in the anteromedial and intermediate parts of the gray matter were detected in ALS spinal cords with diffuse myelin pallor in the ventral aspects of the anterolateral columns outside the corticospinal tracts, and the number of small neurons in these areas was decreased significantly depending on the intensity of the myelin pallor. There were no significant alterations in the number of small neurons in the corresponding areas of ALS spinal cords without diffuse myelin pallor or in those of controls. In the posterior parts of the gray matter, there were no significant differences in the number of small neurons among ALS patients and controls. These findings strongly suggest that diffuse myelin pallor in the ventral aspects of anterolateral columns in ALS spinal cords is derived from the degeneration of small neurons in the anteromedial and intermediate parts of the gray matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Hayashi
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
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Mizuno Y, Amari M, Takatama M, Aizawa H, Mihara B, Okamoto K. Transferrin localizes in Bunina bodies in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Acta Neuropathol 2006; 112:597-603. [PMID: 16896902 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-006-0122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2006] [Revised: 07/13/2006] [Accepted: 07/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Transferrin, an iron-binding protein, plays an important role in the transport and delivery of circulating ferric iron to the tissues. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the presence of Bunina bodies, skein-like inclusions, Lewy body-like inclusions/round inclusions, and basophilic inclusions in the remaining anterior horn cells in the spinal cord. We examined transverse paraffin sections of lumbar spinal cords from 12 ALS cases including two ALS with dementia and two ALS with basophilic inclusions, using antibodies to human transferrin. The results demonstrated that transferrin localized in Bunina bodies and some of the basophilic inclusions. In contrast, skein-like inclusions and Lewy body-like inclusions or round inclusions did not show obviously detectable transferrin immunoreactivities. Our findings suggest that although the mechanisms underlying transferrin accumulation in Bunina bodies and basophilic inclusions are unknown, transferrin could be involved in forming these inclusions. Furthermore, following cystatin C, transferrin is the second protein that localizes in the Bunina bodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-Machi, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
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Mizuno Y, Amari M, Takatama M, Aizawa H, Mihara B, Okamoto K. Immunoreactivities of p62, an ubiqutin-binding protein, in the spinal anterior horn cells of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2006; 249:13-8. [PMID: 16820172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.05.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2006] [Revised: 05/18/2006] [Accepted: 05/19/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An ubiquitin-binding protein, p62, is one of the components of the ubiquitin-containing inclusions in several human neurodegenerative diseases. Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the presence of skein-like inclusions, Lewy body-like inclusions, and basophilic inclusions in the remaining anterior horn cells, in which these inclusions contain ubiquitin, while the other characteristic inclusions of Bunina type are ubiquitin-negative. We examined the spinal cord from 28 ALS cases including two ALS with dementia and two ALS with basophilic inclusions, using antibody to p62. The results demonstrated that p62 localized in skein-like inclusions, Lewy body-like inclusions and basophilic inclusions. The number of p62-positive inclusions observed in the remaining anterior horn cells of each section was variable among the ALS cases. In contrast, Bunina bodies, that do not contain ubiquitin, were negative for p62. As far as we examined, the 11 non-ALS cases did not show any p62 immunoreactivities in the anterior horn cells. Our results suggested that p62 plays important roles in forming the inclusions and may be associated with the protection of the neurons from degenerative processes involving ubiquitin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
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Watanabe M, Jackson M, Ikeda M, Mizushima K, Amari M, Takatama M, Hirai S, Ikeda Y, Shizuka-Ikeda M, Okamoto K. Genetic analysis of the cystatin C gene in familial and sporadic ALS patients. Brain Res 2006; 1073-1074:20-4. [PMID: 16443201 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2005.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2005] [Revised: 11/26/2005] [Accepted: 12/11/2005] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Bunina bodies, small eosinophilic intraneuronal inclusions, stain positive for cystatin C and are the only specific pathological hallmark of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). We screened the cystatin C gene (CST3) for mutations in 57 sporadic ALS patients and 12 familial ALS cases that did not possess a SOD1 mutation. We detected the known polymorphism in exon 1, a G/A transition at +73, in both familial and sporadic ALS patients. However, the allelic and genotypic frequencies of the +73 G/A polymorphism did not differ between ALS patients and control samples. No other mutation was detected in the ALS patients. The results reported here indicate that there may not be a direct genetic link between cystatin C and ALS, and it may be that deficits occur in proteins that interact with cystatin C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsunori Watanabe
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
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Yamamoto N, Hirabayashi Y, Amari M, Yamaguchi H, Romanov G, Van Nostrand WE, Yanagisawa K. Assembly of hereditary amyloid beta-protein variants in the presence of favorable gangliosides. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:2185-90. [PMID: 15811339 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2005] [Revised: 03/06/2005] [Accepted: 03/07/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying regional amyloid beta-protein (Abeta) deposition in brain remain unclear. Here we show that assembly of hereditary variant Dutch- and Italian-type Abetas, and Flemish-type Abeta was accelerated by GM3 ganglioside, and GD3 ganglioside, respectively. Notably, cerebrovascular smooth muscle cells, which compose the cerebral vessel wall at which the Dutch- and Italian-type Abetas deposit, exclusively express GM3 whereas GD3 is upregulated in the co-culture of endothelial cells and astrocytes, which forms the cerebrovascular basement membrane, the site of Flemish-type Abeta deposition. Our results suggest that regional Abeta deposition is induced by the local gangliosides in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Yamamoto
- Department of Alzheimer's Disease Research, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 36-3 Gengo, Morioka, Obu 474-8522, Japan
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Yaguchi M, Fujita Y, Amari M, Takatama M, Al-Sarraj S, Leigh PN, Okamoto K. Morphological differences of intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive inclusions in the dentate gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus of motor neuron disease with dementia. Neuropathology 2005; 24:296-301. [PMID: 15641588 DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2004.00567.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Semiquantitative morphological analysis of cerebral intraneuronal ubiquitin-positive tau-negative inclusions, a pathologic marker for motor neuron disease with dementia (MND-D), was performed in the dentate gyrus and parahippocampal gyrus of 20 clinicopathologically confirmed patients with MND-D. The forms of the inclusions were tentatively classified into three types: (i) C-type, consisting of relatively large and intensely stained crescent or circular structures; (ii) L-type, showing fine linear structures around the nuclei; and (iii) G-type, showing faintly stained granular structures. The frequencies of the C-type, L-type and G-type was 0.5-9.3%,0.2-6.5% and 0-6.6% of dentate granule cells, respectively. In contrast to the dentate gyrus, almost all inclusions showed either the C-type or L-type form in the parahippocampal gyrus. A positive correlation was noted only between incidences of C-type inclusion of the dentate gyrus and that of the parahippocampal gyrus (r = 0.69, P < 0.05). The morphological differences of the inclusions probably reflect different stages of their formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masamitsu Yaguchi
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan.
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Matsubara E, Sekijima Y, Tokuda T, Urakami K, Amari M, Shizuka-Ikeda M, Tomidokoro Y, Ikeda M, Kawarabayashi T, Harigaya Y, Ikeda SI, Murakami T, Abe K, Otomo E, Hirai S, Frangione B, Ghiso J, Shoji M. Soluble Aβ homeostasis in AD and DS: impairment of anti-amyloidogenic protection by lipoproteins. Neurobiol Aging 2004; 25:833-41. [PMID: 15212837 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2003.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2003] [Revised: 09/23/2003] [Accepted: 10/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In order to assess whether lipoproteins are physiologically able to balance and modulate the sAbeta homeostasis in vivo, soluble Abeta levels in lipoprotein-depleted plasma were measured as a function of age in normal controls, Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, and Down's syndrome (DS) cases. The reshaping of sAbeta homeostasis, in particular the sAbeta42-lipoprotein interaction, takes place over normal-60's, whereas mild AD patients appear to have impaired this anti-amyloidogenic mechanism resulting in a significant increase of lipoprotein-free sAbeta42. Similar loss of function takes place in Down's syndrome patients. Lipoprotein-free sAbeta remains significantly elevated from the pre-symptomatic through the symptomatic stages of the disease, and declines with the progression of the AD-like pathology. The dissociation of sAbeta from lipoprotein-particles also occurs in brain parenchyma and the presence of soluble dimeric lipoprotein-free Abeta prior to its parenchymal deposition in AD brains would support the hypothesis that functionally declined lipoproteins may be major determinants in the production of metabolic conditions leading to higher levels of sAbeta species and cerebral amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etsuro Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Schikata-cho, Okayama, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
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Shoji M, Matsubara E, Murakami T, Manabe Y, Abe K, Kanai M, Ikeda M, Tomidokoro Y, Shizuka M, Watanabe M, Amari M, Ishiguro K, Kawarabayashi T, Harigaya Y, Okamoto K, Nishimura T, Nakamura Y, Takeda M, Urakami K, Adachi Y, Nakashima K, Arai H, Sasaki H, Kanemaru K, Yamanouchi H, Yoshida Y, Ichise K, Tanaka K, Hamamoto M, Yamamoto H, Matsubayashi T, Yoshida H, Toji H, Nakamura S, Hirai S. Cerebrospinal fluid tau in dementia disorders: a large scale multicenter study by a Japanese study group. Neurobiol Aging 2002; 23:363-70. [PMID: 11959397 DOI: 10.1016/s0197-4580(01)00309-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A large scale multicenter study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau levels was conducted to determine the cut-off value, sensitivity and specificity for clinical usage as a biomarker of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Its use for early and differential diagnosis and the factors that increase CSF tau levels were also examined. CSF samples from a total of 1,031 subjects including 366 patients with AD, 168 patients with non-Alzheimer type dementia (NA), 316 patients with non-dementia neurological diseases (ND) and 181 normal controls (NC) were measured using ELISA for tau. The cut-off value of tau, 375 pg/ml, showed 59.1% sensitivity and 89.5% specificity for diagnosis of AD compared with the other groups. The tau levels were increased from the early to late stages of AD. Elevation of CSF tau in the non-tauopathy and tauopathy dementia groups, chronic and acute damage to the cerebrum, and meningeal disturbance were other factors that required attention for clinical practice. Measurement of CSF tau was useful as a biomarker for early and differential diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikio Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Division of Neuroscience/Biophysical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, Japan.
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Hayashi S, Sakurai A, Amari M, Okamoto K. Pathological study of the diffuse myelin pallor in the anterolateral columns of the spinal cord in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2001; 188:3-7. [PMID: 11489277 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(01)00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
An immunohistochemical study using a monoclonal antibody against macrophage (Ki-M1p) was performed to examine which fiber tracts are affected in the spinal cords and brainstems of ALS patients. In 21 out of 30 ALS patients, various degrees of macrophage infiltration were observed diffusely in the anterolateral columns beyond the corticospinal tracts. On the other hand, a few macrophages were scattered in 20 non-ALS patients in the anterolateral columns outside the corticospinal tracts. In ALS brainstems, the macrophages were mainly localized in the corticospinal tracts. The result suggests that the diffuse myelin pallor in the anterolateral columns beyond the corticospinal tracts may be derived from intrinsic spinal cord lesions. Quantitative investigation using a monoclonal antibody against phosphorylated neurofilaments (SMI-31) revealed that the decrease in the numbers of small fibers would induce the diffuse myelin pallor in anterolateral columns of ALS patients. From these findings, we propose that the propriospinal bundles are candidates for the degenerating fibers in the anterolateral columns of ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hayashi
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University School of Medicine, 3-39-22, Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
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Amari M, Moriya T, Harada Y, Ishida T, Ohnuki K, Ohuchi N. Asynchronous LOH analysis of ductal carcinoma in situ from patients who subsequently developed invasive ductal carcinoma. Breast Cancer Res 2001. [PMCID: PMC3300538 DOI: 10.1186/bcr355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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42
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Li XK, Tamura A, Fujino M, Guo L, Kakefuda T, Funeshima N, Enosawa S, Amari M, Naoe S, Amemiya H, Suzuki S. Induction of lymphocyte apoptosis in rat liver allograft with ongoing rejection by FTY720. Clin Exp Immunol 2001; 123:331-9. [PMID: 11207666 PMCID: PMC1905974 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.2001.01434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The action mechanism of FTY720, a novel immunosuppressant, is completely different from conventional immunosuppressants. The drug, which triggers apoptosis in murine and human lymphocytes, has a potent immunosuppressive activity to prevent allograft rejection without any severe side-effect. The present study was designed to determine whether FTY720 induces apoptotic cell death in activated lymphocytes infiltrated into liver grafts with ongoing rejection. FTY720 was orally administered at 5 mg/kg to the recipients on day 3 and day 4 after grafting, when the graft rejection was histologically confirmed. The intragraft patterns of IL-2, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), perforin, and granzyme B gene expression were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction. The treatment reversed ongoing rejection and significantly prolonged recipient survival time compared with the control group. Light microscopic observation of the graft sections stained with the DNA nick-end labelling method showed that the apoptosis in the control allografts was mainly induced in hepatocytes, while that in the FTY720-treated allografts was in infiltrated lymphocytes. The rejection therapy with FTY720 did not alter the expression of IL-2, IFN-gamma, and perforin mRNAs, but slightly decreased granzyme B expression. Our results suggest that FTY720 does not alter the intrinsic lymphocyte function to produce the rejection-related cytokines, but strongly induces apoptotic cell death in the activated lymphocytes. Thus, FTY720 affords new insight into the mechanisms underlying improvements in immunosuppressive treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- X K Li
- Department of Experimental Surgery & Bioengineering, National Children's Medical Research Centre, Tokyo, Japan
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Matsubara E, Ghiso J, Frangione B, Amari M, Tomidokoro Y, Ikeda Y, Harigaya Y, Okamoto K, Shoji M. Lipoprotein-free amyloidogenic peptides in plasma are elevated in patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. Ann Neurol 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/1531-8249(199904)45:4<537::aid-ana20>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Shoji M, Harigaya Y, Sasaki A, Uéda K, Ishiguro K, Matsubara E, Watanabe M, Ikeda M, Kanai M, Tomidokoro Y, Shizuka M, Amari M, Kosaka K, Nakazato Y, Okamoto K, Hirai S. Accumulation of NACP/alpha-synuclein in lewy body disease and multiple system atrophy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2000; 68:605-8. [PMID: 10766891 PMCID: PMC1736929 DOI: 10.1136/jnnp.68.5.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES NACP/alpha-synuclein is an aetiological gene product in familial Parkinson's disease. To clarify the pathological role of NACP/alpha-synuclein in sporadic Parkinson's disease and other related disorders including diffuse Lewy body disease (DLBD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA), paraffin sections were examined immunocytochemically using anti-NACP/alpha-synuclein antibodies. METHODS A total of 58 necropsied brains, from seven patients with Parkinson's disease, five with DLBD, six with MSA, 12 with Alzheimer's disease, one with Down's syndrome, one with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), three with ALS and dementia, one with Huntington's disease, two with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), one with Pick's disease, one with myotonic dystrophy, and three with late cerebellar cortical atrophy (LCCA), and 15 elderly normal controls were examined. RESULTS In addition to immunoreactive Lewy bodies, widespread accumulation of NACP/alpha-synuclein was found in neurons and astrocytes from the brainstem and basal ganglia to the cerebral cortices in Parkinson's disease/DLBD. NACP/alpha-synuclein accumulates in oligodendrocytes from the spinal cord, the brain stem to the cerebellar white matter, and inferior olivary neurons in MSA. These widespread accumulations were not seen in other types of dementia or spinocerebellar ataxia. CONCLUSION Completely different types of NACP/alpha-synuclein accumulation in Parkinson's disease/DLBD and MSA suggest that accumulation is a major step in the pathological cascade of both diseases and provides novel strategies for the development of therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Shoji
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Amano G, Ohuchi N, Ishibashi T, Ishida T, Amari M, Satomi S. Correlation of three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging with precise histopathological map concerning carcinoma extension in the breast. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2000; 60:43-55. [PMID: 10845808 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006342711426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
This study was initiated to clarify the ability of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in defining breast carcinoma extension by comparing MRI to detailed histopathological analysis. Mastectomy (n = 14) or quadrantectomy (n = 44) specimens were sub-serially sectioned and mapped in detail in 58 breast cancer patients. Morphologically, we classified the lesions utilizing MRI into three patterns in relation to their histology. Numerically, we assessed the maximum distance of carcinoma extension using MRI, mammography, and ultrasonography (US). Linear regression was calculated for each of the three imaging measurements versus histopathological measurements. Three imaging patterns were observed by MRI, (1) localized (n = 30), (2) segmentally extended (n = 19), and (3) irregularly extended (n = 5). The localized pattern showed a distinct focal mass, but in 10 cases, microscopic ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), or invasive lobular carcinoma, which were not depicted by MRI, existed. The segmentally extended pattern showed diffuse enhancement along duct-lobular segments, forming a 'cone' shape. Histologically, pure (n = 4) or predominant (n = 10) DCIS was distributed segmentally. The irregularly extended pattern showed thick branches extending out from the index tumor which were histologically revealed to be stromal invasion of ductal carcinoma. From the results of linear regressions, MRI was the most accurate modality in histologically measuring the extent of the cancer. When cases were limited to patients who were classified into segmentally or irregularly extended pattern by MRI (n = 24), MRI was more accurate than mammography and US, even if they were combined (P < 0.05). MRI may provide additional information concerning carcinoma extension prior to surgery, especially in patients classified into 'extended patterns' by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Amano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
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Amari M, Suzuki A, Moriya T, Yoshinaga K, Amano G, Sasano H, Ohuchi N, Satomi S, Horii A. LOH analyses of premalignant and malignant lesions of human breast: frequent LOH in 8p, 16q, and 17q in atypical ductal hyperplasia. Oncol Rep 1999; 6:1277-80. [PMID: 10523696 DOI: 10.3892/or.6.6.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of breast cancer patients is increasing yearly, and it is important to establish effective methods for clinical management. We investigated loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in tumors derived from 23 patients that harbored synchronous lesions of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Fourteen selected microsatellite markers that were mapped to and/or very close to the tumor suppressor genes or regions with frequent LOH in breast cancer. Our results suggested that i) losses of chromosomal regions 8p, 16q, and 17q are early genetic changes, and ii) ADH is a premalignant lesion for the development of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Amari
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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47
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Fujimoto M, Ueda Y, Amari M, Moriyama H, Sakurai T, Okano H, Nagata M, Yokono K. [Long-time survival case of glucagonoma metastatic to the liver treated with TAE therapy]. Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 1999; 88:1329-31. [PMID: 10465984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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48
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Matsubara E, Ghiso J, Frangione B, Amari M, Tomidokoro Y, Ikeda Y, Harigaya Y, Okamoto K, Shoji M. Lipoprotein-free amyloidogenic peptides in plasma are elevated in patients with sporadic Alzheimer's disease and Down's syndrome. Ann Neurol 1999; 45:537-41. [PMID: 10211483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
About 90% of the soluble amyloid beta (sA beta) that circulates in normal human plasma is associated with lipoprotein particles. In sporadic Alzheimer's disease patients, free sA beta42 but not sA beta40 is increased approximately 2.3-fold compared with age-matched controls, although a more marked elevation (approximately 8-fold for free sA beta40 and about 20-fold for sA beta42) is found in Down's syndrome patients. The data suggest that lipoprotein-sA beta dissociation may contribute to the influx of sA beta into the brain as a result of decreased plasma clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Matsubara
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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49
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Fujita Y, Okamoto K, Sakurai A, Amari M, Nakazato Y, Gonatas NK. Fragmentation of the Golgi apparatus of Betz cells in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 1999; 163:81-5. [PMID: 10223416 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-510x(99)00014-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The Golgi apparatus (GA) of the large pyramidal motor neurons in the cerebral cortex (Betz cells), was examined in sixteen patients with sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), in one patient with familial ALS (FALS), and in ten non-ALS age matched controls including one patient with Huntington's disease and one patient with a brain infarct. The GA was immunostained with an antibody against the MG-160 protein, a conserved sialoglycoprotein of the medial cisternae of the organelle. In ALS, 13.2% of counted Betz cells had fragmented GA in contrast to 0.6% in the ten non-ALS controls. The fragmentation of the GA of Betz cells was identical to that previously reported in spinal cord motor neurons from patients with sporadic ALS and in transgenic mice expressing the G93A mutation of the gene encoding the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase. The striking morphological similarity between the fragmentation of the GA observed in Betz cells and in spinal cord motor neurons suggests that a similar pathogenic mechanism is responsible for both, and that the fragmentation of the GA of the spinal cord motor neurons is not a consequence of deafferentation due to the degeneration of the Betz cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Fujita
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
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50
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Kanai M, Matsubara E, Isoe K, Urakami K, Nakashima K, Arai H, Sasaki H, Abe K, Iwatsubo T, Kosaka T, Watanabe M, Tomidokoro Y, Shizuka M, Mizushima K, Nakamura T, Igeta Y, Ikeda Y, Amari M, Kawarabayashi T, Ishiguro K, Harigaya Y, Wakabayashi K, Okamoto K, Hirai S, Shoji M. Longitudinal study of cerebrospinal fluid levels of tau, A beta1-40, and A beta1-42(43) in Alzheimer's disease: a study in Japan. Ann Neurol 1998; 44:17-26. [PMID: 9667589 DOI: 10.1002/ana.410440108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
To clarify the alterations of tau, amyloid beta protein (A beta) 1-40 and A beta1-42(43) in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) that accompany normal aging and the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), CSF samples of 93 AD patients, 32 longitudinal subjects among these 93 AD patients, 33 patients with non-AD dementia, 56 with other neurological diseases, and 54 normal control subjects from three independent institutes were analyzed by sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Although the tau levels increased with aging, a significant elevation of tau and a correlation between the tau levels and the clinical progression were observed in the AD patients. A significant decrease of the A beta1-42(43) levels and a significant increase of the ratio of A beta1-40 to A beta1-42(43) were observed in the AD patients. The longitudinal AD study showed continuous low A beta1-42(43) levels and an increase of the ratio of A beta1-40 to A beta1-42(43) before the onset of AD. These findings suggest that CSF tau may increase with the clinical progression of dementia and that the alteration of the CSF level of A beta1-42(43) and the ratio of A beta1-40 to A beta1-42(43) may start at early stages in AD. The assays of CSF tau, A beta1-40, and A beta1-42(43) provided efficient diagnostic sensitivity (71%) and specificity (83%) by using the production of tau levels and the ratio of A beta1-40 to A beta1-42(43), and an improvement in sensitivity (to 91%) was obtained in the longitudinal evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kanai
- Department of Neurology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Japan
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