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Sakai S, Kamada Y, Takano H, Ichikawa M, Kurimoto M, Katsuyama HK, Nishihira J, Sasaki M. Continuous partially hydrolyzed guar gum intake reduces cold-like symptoms: a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blinded trial in healthy adults. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2022; 26:5154-5163. [PMID: 35916813 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202207_29304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), a water-soluble dietary fiber produced by the controlled partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum beans, has various physiological roles. PHGG is expected to influence the immune function and prevent infections. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of continuous ingestion of PHGG for 12 weeks on the development of cold-like symptoms. PATIENTS AND METHODS A placebo-controlled, double blind, randomized, parallel-group comparative study was conducted. 96 healthy Japanese adults received 5.2 g PHGG or placebo daily for 12 weeks. Cold-like symptoms were assessed based on patient diary, and the levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in stool and blood immune markers at baseline and at weeks 6 and 12. RESULTS The cumulative number of "no symptoms" days for all symptoms was significantly larger in the PHGG than in the placebo group. The result of the analysis by severity of cold-like symptoms also showed significant differences, with the PHGG group having a lower severity of cold-like symptoms. Propionic acid at weeks 6 and 12 and n-butyric acid and total SCFAs at week 12 were significantly higher in the PHGG than in the placebo group. The Interferon-γ level was significantly lower at week 6 in the PHGG than in the placebo group. CONCLUSIONS PHGG intake may affect immune function and suppress cold-like symptoms through the production of SCFAs in healthy adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sakai
- Nestlé Health Science Company, Nestlé Japan Ltd, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan.
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Kurimoto M, Yamamoto H. The left anterior temporal lobe is essential for retrieving people’s names: A case and a literature review on the contemporary models of language organization. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2021.101275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Nishihira J, Nishimura M, Kurimoto M, Kagami-Katsuyama H, Hattori H, Nakagawa T, Muro T, Kobori M. The effect of 24-week continuous intake of quercetin-rich onion on age-related cognitive decline in healthy elderly people: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative clinical trial. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 69:203-215. [PMID: 34616111 PMCID: PMC8482389 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.21-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a type of flavonoid, is believed to reduce age-related cognitive decline. To elucidate its potential function, we carried out a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group comparative clinical trial involving 24-week continuous intake of quercetin-rich onion compared to quercetin-free onion as a placebo. Seventy healthy Japanese individuals (aged 60 to 79 years old) were enrolled in this study. We examined the effect of quercetin-rich onion (the active test food) on cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination, Cognitive Assessment for Dementia iPad version, and Neuropsychiatric Inventory Nursing Home version. The Mini-Mental State Examination scores were significantly improved in the active test food group (daily quercetin intake, 50 mg as aglycone equivalent) compared to the placebo food group after 24 weeks. On the Cognitive Assessment for Dementia iPad version for emotional function evaluation, we found that the scores of the active test food group were significantly improved, suggesting that quercetin prevents cognitive decline by improving depressive symptoms and elevating motivation. On the Neuropsychiatric Inventory Nursing Home version, we found significant effects on reducing the burden on study partners. Taking all the data together, we concluded that 24-week continuous intake of quercetin-rich onion reduces age-related cognitive decline, possibly by improving emotional conditions. Clinical trial register and their clinical registration number: This study was registered with UMIN (approval number UMIN000036276, 5 April 2019).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Nishi-Nopporo 59-2, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8585, Japan
| | - Mie Nishimura
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Nishi-Nopporo 59-2, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8585, Japan
| | - Masanori Kurimoto
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Nishi-Nopporo 59-2, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Nishi-Nopporo 59-2, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroki Hattori
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Nishi-Nopporo 59-2, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakagawa
- Department of Neurobiology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1194, Japan
| | - Takato Muro
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Akahira 4, Shimokuriyagawa, Morioka, Iwate 020-0198, Japan
| | - Masuko Kobori
- Food Research Institute, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan
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Kurimoto M, Maruyama Y, Tsukada Y, Yamamoto H, Takagawa K. Cerebral radiation necrosis and brain abscess as delayed complications after carbon ion radiotherapy against nasal carcinoma. Interdisciplinary Neurosurgery 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2020.101061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Kurimoto M. Letter to the Editor. The COVID-19 crisis and return to the Hippocratic Corpus. J Neurosurg 2021; 134:1683-1684. [PMID: 33418532 DOI: 10.3171/2020.9.jns203484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Kurimoto M, Sekiguchi N, Kurihara Y, Ito K, Takezako N. Significance of Measurement of Serum Wilm’s Tumor 1 (WT1) Gene Level in Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS). Leuk Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s0145-2126(17)30335-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Kurosaki K, Miwa N, Yoshida Y, Kurokawa M, Kurimoto M, Endo S, Shiraki K. Therapeutic Basis of Vidarabine on Adenovirus-Induced Haemorrhagic Cystitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 15:281-5. [PMID: 15535050 DOI: 10.1177/095632020401500507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
When adenovirus causes haemorrhagic cystitis in immunocompromised patients, vidarabine is used for its treatment because therapeutic choice is limited. Although vidarabine has been reported to be effective for these patients, its therapeutic basis has not yet been established. Vidarabine dose-dependently inhibited viral replication as assessed by a yield reduction assay. Viral protein synthesis was dose-dependently inhibited by vidarabine but not at all by acyclovir, and the degree of inhibition by vidarabine was different for each of the viral proteins, ranging from 0–40% of the untreated control. These results indicated the specificity and mechanism of action of vidarabine against adenovirus. The concentration of vidarabine and its metabolite in the bladder is suggested to exhibit effective anti-adenoviral activity in suppressing the replication of adenovirus. Thus, our results support vidarabine therapy as a possible candidate for adenovirus-induced haemorrhagic cystitis in immunocompromised patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunikazu Kurosaki
- Department of Virology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan
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Kuramitsu S, Ohno M, Ohka F, Shiina S, Yamamichi A, Kato A, Tanahashi K, Motomura K, Kondo G, Kurimoto M, Senga T, Wakabayashi T, Natsume A. Lenalidomide enhances the function of chimeric antigen receptor T cells against the epidermal growth factor receptor variant III by enhancing immune synapses. Cancer Gene Ther 2015; 22:487-95. [DOI: 10.1038/cgt.2015.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Sugimori M, Hayakawa Y, Boman BM, Fields JZ, Awaji M, Kozano H, Tamura R, Yamamoto S, Ogata T, Yamada M, Endo S, Kurimoto M, Kuroda S. Discovery of Power-Law Growth in the Self-Renewal of Heterogeneous Glioma Stem Cell Populations. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0135760. [PMID: 26284929 PMCID: PMC4540573 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0135760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence indicates that cancer stem cells (CSCs) drive tumorigenesis. This suggests that CSCs should make ideal therapeutic targets. However, because CSC populations in tumors appear heterogeneous, it remains unclear how CSCs might be effectively targeted. To investigate the mechanisms by which CSC populations maintain heterogeneity during self-renewal, we established a glioma sphere (GS) forming model, to generate a population in which glioma stem cells (GSCs) become enriched. We hypothesized, based on the clonal evolution concept, that with each passage in culture, heterogeneous clonal sublines of GSs are generated that progressively show increased proliferative ability. Methodology/Principal Findings To test this hypothesis, we determined whether, with each passage, glioma neurosphere culture generated from four different glioma cell lines become progressively proliferative (i.e., enriched in large spheres). Rather than monitoring self-renewal, we measured heterogeneity based on neurosphere clone sizes (#cells/clone). Log-log plots of distributions of clone sizes yielded a good fit (r>0.90) to a straight line (log(% total clones) = k*log(#cells/clone)) indicating that the system follows a power-law (y = xk) with a specific degree exponent (k = −1.42). Repeated passaging of the total GS population showed that the same power-law was maintained over six passages (CV = −1.01 to −1.17). Surprisingly, passage of either isolated small or large subclones generated fully heterogeneous populations that retained the original power-law-dependent heterogeneity. The anti-GSC agent Temozolomide, which is well known as a standard therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), suppressed the self-renewal of clones, but it never disrupted the power-law behavior of a GS population. Conclusions/Significance Although the data above did not support the stated hypothesis, they did strongly suggest a novel mechanism that underlies CSC heterogeneity. They indicate that power-law growth governs the self-renewal of heterogeneous glioma stem cell populations. That the data always fit a power-law suggests that: (i) clone sizes follow continuous, non-random, and scale-free hierarchy; (ii) precise biologic rules that reflect self-organizing emergent behaviors govern the generation of neurospheres. That the power-law behavior and the original GS heterogeneity are maintained over multiple passages indicates that these rules are invariant. These self-organizing mechanisms very likely underlie tumor heterogeneity during tumor growth. Discovery of this power-law behavior provides a mechanism that could be targeted in the development of new, more effective, anti-cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiya Sugimori
- Department of Integrative Neuroscience, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Yumiko Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Bruce M. Boman
- Center for Translational Cancer Research, Departments of Biology and Mathematics, University of Delaware, Helen F Graham Cancer Center and Research Institute, Newark, DE 19711 United States of America
| | - Jeremy Z. Fields
- Biotechnical Research, CATX, Inc., Gladwyne, PA 19035 United States of America
| | - Miharu Awaji
- Department of Integrative Neuroscience, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kozano
- Department of Integrative Neuroscience, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Ryoi Tamura
- Department of Integrative Neuroscience, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Seiji Yamamoto
- Department of Pathology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Toru Ogata
- The Center of Sports Science and Health Promotion in the NRCD Hospital, National Rehabilitation Center for Persons with Disabilities, 4–1 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359–8555, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiko Yamada
- Department of Neuropsycopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, 4-1-1 Ogawahigashi, Kodaira, Tokyo 187–8553, Japan
| | - Shunro Endo
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Masanori Kurimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuroda
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama 930–0194, Japan
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Oishi A, Ogino K, Nakagawa S, Makiyama Y, Kurimoto M, Otani A, Yoshimura N. Longitudinal analysis of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer thinning in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Eye (Lond) 2013; 27:597-604. [PMID: 23519274 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2013.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate longitudinal changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). METHODS We re-examined 103 RP patients whose RNFL thickness was previously examined and reported. RNFL thickness was measured using Stratus optical coherence tomography and was compared with the previous measurements. The results were also compared with that of previously reported normal subjects. Association between the decrease rate and visual acuity, and visual field was also investigated. RESULTS The mean follow-up period was 56.9 months. After excluding the patients in whom RNFL images were of poor quality, 88 patients were eventually analyzed. The average RNFL thickness decreased from 105.8 to 98.2 μm during the period, with the average rate of decrease being 1.6 μm/year. The decrease in RNFL was more evident in superior and inferior sectors. Cross-sectional linear regression analysis also revealed an age-dependent decrease in RNFL, with the slower rate of decrease being 0.94 μm/year. The decrease in RNFL thickness was significantly faster than that reported in normal subjects. The decrease rate was not associated with visual functions. CONCLUSION Age-dependent RNFL thinning occurs at a faster rate in RP patients as compared with that in normal subjects. The result supports the notion that pathologic changes involve inner retina as well as outer retina in eyes with RP. Considering the discrepancy in the rate of RNFL thinning estimated from trend analysis and longitudinal measurement, care should be taken when interpreting the result of cross-sectional analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
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Hori S, Kurimoto M, Umemura K, Hamada H, Nagao S, Hayashi N, Kuwayama N, Endo S. Syringomyelia associated with Paget disease of the skull. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2013; 53:115-8. [PMID: 23438664 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.53.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 38-year-old man presented with a rare case of syringomyelia associated with Paget disease of the skull. Syringosubarachnoid (SS) shunting was performed. We speculate that deformation of the skull secondary to Paget disease caused narrowing of the foramen magnum with progressive impairment of the cerebrospinal fluid circulation, which led to syringomyelia and neurological symptoms. SS shunting is safe, effective, and technically simple, so may be a useful initial treatment for syringomyelia associated with Paget disease of the skull.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Imaoka N, Hiratsuka M, Osaki M, Kamitani H, Kambe A, Fukuoka J, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Okada F, Watanabe T, Ohama E, Kato S, Oshimura M. Prognostic significance of sirtuin 2 protein nuclear localization in glioma: an immunohistochemical study. Oncol Rep 2012; 28:923-30. [PMID: 22735931 DOI: 10.3892/or.2012.1872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2012] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin 2 (SIRT2) protein is a member of the sirtuin family and homologous to Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. To assess the pathobiological significance of SIRT2 protein expression and/or subcellular localization in human glioma, we examined SIRT2 protein expression in human gliomas using a polyclonal anti-SIRT2 antibody and immunohistochemistry. In this study, samples from 23 patients with glioblastoma (GB, grade IV), 8 patients with diffuse astrocytoma (DA, grade II) and 5 healthy individuals were examined. We established a SIRT2 labeling index (SIRT2-LI) that represents the percentage of cells with SIRT2 localized to the nucleus. The mean SIRT2-LI was 65.8±18.6 in GB samples, 41.2±22.8 in DA samples, and 28.6±12.3 in normal control samples. The SIRT2-LI of GB samples was significantly higher than that of normal control samples (P<0.01, Mann-Whitney's U-test) and that of DA samples (P<0.05). Moreover, the SIRT2-LI was positively correlated with malignant progression. Specifically, samples from patients with GB were divided into two groups, low SIRT2-LI (<60%) and high SIRT2-LI (≥60%), and the patients with low SIRT2-LI samples survived significantly longer than patients with high SIRT2-LI samples (P<0.05, Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test). In conclusion, SIRT2-LI was indicative of glioma malignancy, and it may be predictive of GB patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuko Imaoka
- Department of Biomedical Science, Institute of Regenerative Medicine and Biofunction, Graduate School of Medical Science, Tottori University, and Department of Surgical Pathology, Toyama University Hospital, Yonago, Tottori 683-8503, Japan
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Kurimoto M, Noguchi K, Nagai S, Asahi T, Kuwayama N, Hayashi N, Endo S. Thoracic vertebral cavernous hemangioma in a schizophrenic patient--case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2010; 50:485-7. [PMID: 20587975 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.50.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 55-year-old man presented with gait disturbance, incontinence, and back pain. He had a medical history of schizophrenia for the past 35 years. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging suggested thoracic vertebral hemangioma. Dynamic CT incidentally detected a hepatic hemangioma. Laminectomy of T3 and T4, resection of the epidural hemangioma, and rigid instrumentation between T1 and T6 using rod and hook systems were performed. Postoperatively, his symptoms completely disappeared and the histological diagnosis was capillary hemangioma. Schizophrenic patients have diminished sensitivity to pain or other symptoms, so neurological symptoms may become severe. However, early and appropriate treatment can result in satisfactory neurological outcome. The patient had a rare association of vertebral hemangioma and hepatic hemangioma, which may be a chance occurrence.
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Kurimoto M, Takaiwa A, Nagai S, Hayashi N, Endo S. Anomia for people's names after left anterior temporal lobe resection--case report. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2010; 50:36-40. [PMID: 20098023 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.50.36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 47-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with an intrinsic brain tumor in the left anterior temporal lobe. Preoperative sodium thiopental test demonstrated left hemispheric dominance. Awake craniotomy was performed for dominant-hemispheric tumor resection using language mapping to identify the stimulation-induced positive language area. The tasks of object naming and repetition were used, along with specific tests for famous people's names. The language area was detected on the superior temporal gyrus and preserved. Following surgery, this patient was unable to retrieve the names of famous individuals (i.e. anomia for people's name) despite preservation of semantic knowledge for those individuals. This anomia for people's names showed no improvement at all for a period of 15 months. This case report and other sporadic cases with this type of deficit reveal the left anterior temporal lobe is an important brain area for retrieving people's names.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masanori Kurimoto
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Hamada H, Tsuboi Y, Hayashi N, Kubota T, Endo S. Malignant transformation of supratentorial clear cell ependymoma. Neuropathology 2009; 29:299-302. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1789.2008.00951.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hamada H, Hayashi N, Kurosaki K, Kurimoto M, Endo S. Technical considerations of endoscopic septostomy using a biportal approach in a case of hydrocephalus associated with tuberous sclerosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 52:79-82. [PMID: 19452414 DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1192014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We report herein the technical considerations for endoscopic septostomy in a case of hydrocephalus associated with tuberous sclerosis. CASE REPORT A 17-year-old boy presented with visual and gait disturbances. Computed tomography revealed an intraventricular mass obstructing the foramen of Monro bilaterally and marked hydrocephalus. First, we planned a ventriculo-peritoneal shunt with endoscopic septostomy using a biportal approach to resolve the hydrocephalus. Guidance by a rigid endoscope inserted into the anterior horn of the left lateral ventricle allowed us to easily and safely perform septostomy using the fiberscope inserted into the anterior horn of the right lateral ventricle. CONCLUSION A biportal approach such as the dual endoscopic technique is useful in the treatment of complicated intraventricular lesions with loss of midline structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Nagai S, Kurimoto M, Ishizawa S, Hayashi N, Hamada H, Kamiyama H, Endo S. A rare astrocytic tumor with rhabdoid features. Brain Tumor Pathol 2009; 26:19-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s10014-008-0241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2008] [Accepted: 10/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Tsuboi Y, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Hayakawa Y, Kamiyama H, Hayashi N, Kitajima I, Endo S. Induction of autophagic cell death and radiosensitization by the pharmacological inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activation in human glioma cell lines. J Neurosurg 2009; 110:594-604. [PMID: 19046042 DOI: 10.3171/2008.8.jns17648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT The intrinsic radioresistance of certain cancer cells may be closely associated with the constitutive activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activity, which may lead to protection from apoptosis. Recently, nonapoptotic cell death, or autophagy, has been revealed as a novel response of cancer cells to ionizing radiation. In the present study, the authors analyzed the effect of pitavastatin as a potential inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation on the radiosensitivity of A172, U87, and U251 human glioma cell lines. METHODS The pharmacological inhibition of NF-kappaB activation was achieved using pitavastatin, an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Growth and radiosensitivity assays were performed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Hoechst 33258 staining, supravital acridine orange staining, and electron microscopy were performed utilizing 3 glioma cell lines with or without pitavastatin pretreatment to identify apoptosis or autophagy after irradiation. RESULTS The growth of these 3 glioma cell lines was not significantly inhibited by pitavastatin at a concentration of up to 1 microM. Treatment with 0.1 microM of pitavastatin enhanced radiation-induced cell death in all glioma cell lines, with different sensitivity. Apoptosis did not occur in any pretreated or untreated (no pitavastatin) cell line following irradiation. Instead, autophagic cell changes were observed regardless of the radiosensitivity of the cell line. An inhibitor of autophagy, 3-methyladenine suppressed the cytotoxic effect of irradiation with pitavastatin, indicating that autophagy is a result of an antitumor mechanism. Using the most radiosensitive A172 cell line, the intracellular localization of p50, a representative subunit of NF-kappaB, was evaluated through immunoblotting and immunofluorescence studies. The NF-kappaB of A172 cells was immediately activated and translocated from the cytosol to the nucleus in response to irradiation. Pitavastatin inhibited this activation and translocation of NF-kappaB. CONCLUSIONS Autophagic cell death rather than apoptosis is a possible mechanism of radiation-induced and pitavastatin-enhanced cell damage, and radiosensitization by the pharmacological inhibition of NF-kappaB activation may be a novel therapeutic strategy for malignant gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Tsuboi
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
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Hamada H, Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Umemura K, Nagai S, Kurosaki K, Kuwayama N, Endo S. Neuroendoscopic Removal of Intraventricular Hemorrhage Combined with Hydrocephalus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 51:345-9. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1085449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Sato H, Hori S, Endo S. Tentorial Incision in a Lateral-medial Direction with Minimal Retraction of the Temporal Lobe in the Subtemporal Transtentorial Approach to the Middle Tentorial Incisural Space. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 51:340-4. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1085452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Kubo M, Kuwayama N, Endo S. Importance of Understanding Drainage Patterns of the Cavernous Sinus for Venous Sampling in Patients with Cushing's Syndrome. Skull Base 2008. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1093124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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22
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Oishi A, Otani A, Sasahara M, Kojima H, Nakamura H, Kurimoto M, Yoshimura N. Photoreceptor integrity and visual acuity in cystoid macular oedema associated with retinitis pigmentosa. Eye (Lond) 2008; 23:1411-6. [PMID: 18724276 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2008.266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess the correlation between macular morphology and visual acuity in retinitis pigmentosa (RP) patients with cystoid macular oedema (CME). DESIGN Retrospective cross-sectional study. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-one eyes of 25 RP patients with CME. Patients underwent cross-sectional scans with optical coherence tomography (Stratus OCT). Age, total retinal thickness, photoreceptor thickness, and the transverse and vertical lengths of the cystoid space were measured. Correlation between visual acuity and each of the measurements were examined. Additionally, the status of the inner segment/outer segment junction (IS/OS) was classified as being absent, discontinuous, or distinct. Measurements were then compared among the three groups. RESULTS Total retinal thickness or photoreceptor thickness was not correlated with visual acuity. There was a correlation between the transverse length of the cystoid space and visual acuity, although the correlation coefficient was weak (r=0.30). The logMAR visual acuity in the IS/OS absent group (0.67+/-0.43) was worse than that seen in the IS/OS discontinuous (0.22+/-0.19) or IS/OS distinct groups (0.07+/-0.16) (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS When monitoring CME associated with RP, the status of IS/OS is the essential parameter that needs to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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23
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Umemura K, Hirashima Y, Kurimoto M, Kuwayama N, Kubo M, Origasa H, Doshi M, Endo S. Involvement of meteorological factors and sex in the occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage in Japan. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2008; 48:101-7. [PMID: 18362455 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.48.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The sex difference in the seasonal occurrence of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the association of meteorological factors in Japan were analyzed in 1006 consecutive patients with SAH in Toyama, Japan from 1996 to 2000. The study investigated whether these meteorological factors could explain the seasonality of the incidence of SAH in each sex. Seasonal variation of SAH occurrence peaked in spring in men, but peaked in spring and winter in women. The difference between maximum temperature and minimum temperature was the greatest on the day previous to SAH occurrence in multiple individuals in men, whereas mean humidity was the greatest on that day in women. Interestingly, the difference between maximum temperature and minimum temperature peaked in spring and mean humidity in winter from the meteorological data over the 5 years. The relationship between humidity and occurrence of SAH may explain the sex difference of the incidence of aneurysmal SAH. The humidity change may be a specific and additional meteorological factor for the incidence of SAH in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimiko Umemura
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Abstract
A 33-year-old woman presented with visual field defects. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a pituitary tumor with suprasellar extension. The tumor was partially removed by trans-sphenoidal surgery. Histologically, the tumor was composed of fascicles of spindle cells which were immunohistochemically positive for S-100 protein, Galectin-3, vimentin and EMA. Based on the morphology and immunostaining pattern, diagnosis of folliculostellate cell tumor in the pituitary gland was given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Hori
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama University Hospital, Japan
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Oishi A, Otani A, Sasahara M, Kurimoto M, Nakamura H, Kojima H, Yoshimura N. Retinal nerve fiber layer thickness in patients with retinitis pigmentosa. Eye (Lond) 2008; 23:561-6. [PMID: 18344951 DOI: 10.1038/eye.2008.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. METHODS One hundred and thirty-seven eyes of 137 patients with RP were examined. The effect of age, gender, laterality, inheritance trait, spherical equivalent refractive error, visual acuity, and the extent of visual field defect on RNFL thickness measured with optical coherence tomography were analyzed by a multiple linear regression model. RESULTS The average RNFL thickness was 104.1+/-21.7 microm. The multiple R(2) for the model was 0.349. Among the variables studied, ageing and being male were significant risk factors for thinner RNFL thickness. RNFL thickness was not correlated with inheritance trait, laterality, refractive error, visual acuity, or the extent of visual field defect. CONCLUSION RNFL thickness in RP patients was not correlated with visual function but ageing as in the normal subjects. Currently proposed therapies, including photoreceptor rescue/transplantation and visual prosthesis, are based on the premise that the inner retinal structures are relatively retained despite the profound loss of photoreceptors. The present result supports this notion.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Oishi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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26
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Hamada H, Kurimoto M, Hayashi N, Nagai S, Kurosaki K, Nomoto K, Kanegane H, Nomura K, Endo S. Pilomyxoid astrocytoma in a patient presenting with fatal hemorrhage. Case report. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2008; 1:244-6. [PMID: 18352771 DOI: 10.3171/ped/2008/1/3/244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The authors report on a rare case of pilomyxoid astrocytoma in a patient presenting with fatal hemorrhage. This 5-year-old boy presented to the outpatient clinic with headache and vomiting. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging studies revealed a mass lesion with partial hemorrhage in the suprasellar region extending into the third ventricle. Partial resection via a transcallosal approach was performed. Because the pathological diagnosis was pilomyxoid astrocytoma, chemotherapy was administered. However, 4 months after the first operation, during chemotherapy, the boy presented with massive intratumoral and intraventricular hemorrhage with hydrocephalus. Although emergent external ventricular drainage was performed, the patient died. In this report, the authors review the literature and discuss the clinical features and treatment of pilomyxoid astrocytoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Japan.
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Tsuboi Y, Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Sasahara M, Endo S. Malignant transformation of clival chordoma after gamma knife surgery - case report - . Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2008; 47:479-82. [PMID: 17965567 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.47.479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 54-year-old woman presented a midline clival tumor manifesting as right abducens palsy in May 1997. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed a midline clival tumor. She underwent surgery twice with the transsphenoidal approach and gamma knife surgery for residual tumor. The histological diagnosis was chordoma. MR imaging revealed that the tumor had extended to the right cerebellopontine angle, with spinal seeding in February 2002. She underwent partial removal of the right cerebellopontine angle tumor. The histological diagnosis was chordoma with slight nuclear atypism. She died 5 years and 5 months after the first gamma knife surgery. Autopsy revealed multiple areas of spinal seeding. Histological examination confirmed malignant transformation with unique epithelial characteristics, possibly caused by gamma knife surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Tsuboi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Japan
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Tsuboi Y, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Kamiyama H, Endo S. Malignant transformation of oligoastrocytoma: a case report. Brain Tumor Pathol 2007; 24:63-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s10014-007-0217-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2007] [Accepted: 04/24/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nasser K, Hayashi N, Kurosaki K, Hasegawa S, Kurimoto M, Mohammed A, Endo S. Intraosseous cavernous hemangioma of the frontal bone. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2007; 47:506-8. [PMID: 18037805 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.47.506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 32-year-old man presented with a primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma manifesting as a small painless swelling of the right forehead. Radiography revealed a radiolucent osteolytic lesion in the right frontal region. Bone window computed tomography demonstrated a 1.5 cm mass between the outer and inner tables just lateral to the right frontal sinus. The outer and inner tables were thin and partially defective, but without bone fracture. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed a small mass lesion with bone erosion of the posterior table of the frontal bone. Preoperative examination yielded no final diagnosis. En bloc resection was performed. The histological diagnosis was primary intraosseous cavernous hemangioma. Total resection is recommended for definitive diagnosis of intraosseous tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Nasser
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Hayakawa Y, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Kurosaki K, Tsuboi Y, Hamada H, Hayashi N, Endo S. Thrombin-induced cell proliferation and platelet-derived growth factor-AB release from A172 human glioblastoma cells. J Thromb Haemost 2007; 5:2219-26. [PMID: 17958740 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02739.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In a previous study, we found that thrombin induced proliferation of TM-1 and T98G human glioma cells and that the mitogenic effect was abolished by hirudin. OBJECTIVES We investigated thrombin's effects on the proliferation of A172 human glioblastoma cells and the induction of growth factors. Furthermore, we examined whether or not the expression of heparin cofactor II (HCII) in A172 cells using adenovirus vector could suppress thrombin's effects. METHODS The effect of thrombin on cell proliferation was assessed using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide assay. The amount of growth factors in the conditioned medium was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The level of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-B mRNA was assessed by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS Thrombin-induced proliferation of A172 cells primarily depended on the enhanced secretion of PDGF-AB by thrombin. The action of thrombin depended on its proteolytic activity. However, thrombin-induced PDGF-AB secretion was not abolished by anti-protease-activated receptor (PAR) antibody. The PAR-1 agonist peptide had no effect on cell growth and PDGF-AB levels. Thrombin did not increase PDGF-B gene expression. Expression of HCII effectively suppressed thrombin-induced PDGF-AB release. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that thrombin may play an important role in the proliferation of A172 cells by inducing PDGF-AB secretion and that thrombin's action is mediated by its proteolytic activity. Inhibition of thrombin's proteolytic activity may be a new therapeutic method for gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Kubo M, Kuwayama N, Kurosaki K, Nagai S, Endo S. The impact of cavernous sinus drainage pattern on the results of venous sampling in patients with suspected cushing syndrome. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2007; 29:69-72. [PMID: 17925372 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a0745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Selective venous sampling from the posterior portion of the cavernous sinus (CS) is recommended for the diagnosis of Cushing disease, because samples from the posterior portion yield higher adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels than those from the anterior and middle portions. We prospectively assessed this intracavernous gradient of ACTH level to determine which site in the CS yields adequate sampling. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 5 patients with Cushing syndrome, cavernous sinography was performed to assess drainage pattern of the CS. Sampling was performed from the anterior, middle, and posterior parts of the CS, inferior petrosal sinus (IPS), and the peripheral vein. The ratio of the concentration in CS and IPS to that in peripheral blood plasma (C/P ratio) was calculated. RESULTS Cavernous sinography showed that the main drainage route was the IPS in 6 sides and that the pterygoid plexus (PP) was developed to the same extent as the IPS in 3 sides. In 1 patient, the CS drained mainly to the PP. In 1 patient with an ectopic lesion, no increase in ACTH level was detected. In 3 of 4 patients with Cushing disease, the highest C/P ratio was obtained from the posterior portion. In 1 patient whose main drainage route was the PP, the highest C/P ratio was obtained from the anterior portion. In this case, sampling data from the posterior portion and the IPS yielded false-negative results. CONCLUSION Understanding the drainage patterns of the CS is essential for interpretation of sampling data from the CS and avoiding false-negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
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Tsubota M, Shojaku H, Hori E, Fujisaka M, Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Hatakeyama N, Yamazaki M, Nishijo H, Ono T, Yamamoto H, Watanabe Y. Effects of vestibular nerve section on sound-evoked myogenic potentials in the sternocleidomastoid muscle of monkeys. Clin Neurophysiol 2007; 118:1488-93. [PMID: 17475548 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2007.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2006] [Revised: 04/06/2007] [Accepted: 04/13/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to elucidate the neural pathway for sound-evoked myogenic potentials (SEMPs) in monkeys with characteristics similar to those of vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in humans. METHODS Six macaque monkeys were examined. The effects of total and selective vestibular nerve section on the SEMPs were evaluated in three monkeys. RESULTS After total vestibular nerve section, the SEMPs and caloric nystagmus were eliminated, and the auditory brainstem response remained. After selective superior vestibular nerve section, the SEMPs remained, but caloric nystagmus was eliminated. CONCLUSIONS The inferior vestibular nerve comprises a neural pathway for SEMPs in monkeys. SIGNIFICANCE SEMP in monkeys may provide a model of human VEMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masahito Tsubota
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan
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Hori E, Kurimoto M, Fukuda O, Takahashi C, Nagai S, Oya T, Endo S. Recurrent intracranial solitary fibrous tumor initially diagnosed as hemangiopericytoma. Brain Tumor Pathol 2007; 24:31-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s10014-006-0212-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2006] [Accepted: 12/15/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Abstract
A 66-year-old man presented with a parietal intradiploic encephalocele manifesting as dizziness in June 2001. Skull radiography showed lytic change involving the right parietal bone. Computed tomography with bone window showed bone destruction associated with the right frontal lesion. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a lesion in the parietal intradiploic space continuous with the right frontal lobe. The lesion was located near the central sulcus, so surgical biopsy carried the risk of motor dysfunction. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) showed the same pattern of cerebral blood flow as normal brain tissue, so the neuroimaging diagnosis was encephalocele. The present case indicates that surgery may not be necessary in the absence of symptoms and neurological deficits. SPECT is very useful to identify encephalocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Tsuboi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, Japan
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Hamada H, Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Endo S. Endoscopic aqueductal stenting via the fourth ventricle under navigating system guidance: technical note. Neurosurgery 2006; 56:E206; discussion E206. [PMID: 15799817 DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000144493.33345.9f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2003] [Accepted: 03/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We report three patients with symptomatic isolated fourth ventricle after ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement for hydrocephalus associated with ventricular hemorrhage. All three patients were treated successfully with our new method of endoscopic aqueductal stenting under navigating system guidance. METHODS A therapeutic rigid endoscope was inserted through the thin cerebellar hemisphere, and endoscopic aqueductal stenting was performed via the enlarged fourth ventricle under navigating system guidance. RESULTS All three patients underwent successful procedures with good outcomes. CONCLUSION Our method of aqueductal stenting is a reasonable choice for initial treatment of patients with isolated fourth ventricle, and it entails less invasive neurosurgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideo Hamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Japan.
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Hayashi N, Hamada H, Umemura K, Kurosaki K, Kurimoto M, Endo S. Transparent endoscopic sheath and rigid-rod endoscope used in endoscopic third ventriculostomy for hydrocephalus in the presence of deformed ventricular anatomy. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2006; 104:321-5. [PMID: 16848089 DOI: 10.3171/ped.2006.104.5.321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) has been widely performed for the treatment of noncommunicating hydrocephalus. In cases of hydrocephalus in conjunction with deformed and complex ventricular anatomy, it is preferable to use a rigid-rod endoscope for ETV, because the excellent visibility provided by this instrument yields a smooth and correct orientation in the ventricle. The authors report on ETV procedures in which they used a transparent endoscopic sheath that has a common channel in which a rigid-rod endoscope and an instrument can be inserted. METHODS In 15 cases of noncommunicating hydrocephalus, a transparent endoscopic sheath and a rigid endoscope were used for ETV. In 11 of the 15 patients, the diameter of the foramen of Monro and the width of the third ventricle were greater than 5 mm, and thus a transparent endoscopic sheath and a rigid endoscope could be smoothly introduced through the foramen of Monro and an ETV successfully performed. Four patients had congenital or acquired narrowing of the foramen of Monro and an anatomically deformed ventricular system. In three of the patients, opening of the narrowed foramen and an ETV were successfully performed using the transparent endoscopic sheath under direct visualization through the rigid-rod endoscope. CONCLUSIONS A transparent endoscopic sheath increases safety by offering a corridor to the third ventricle. It also provides excellent visibility without troublesome bleeding from tissues surrounding the foramen of Monro during endoscopic procedures in which a rigid endoscope is used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakamasa Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
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Hirashima Y, Kurimoto M, Nagai S, Hori E, Origasa H, Endo S. Effect of platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist, etizolam, on resolution of chronic subdural hematoma--a prospective study to investigate use as conservative therapy. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2006; 45:621-6; discussion 626. [PMID: 16377949 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.45.621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory reaction is very important for formation of the neomembrane of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH). The present study evaluated medical treatment with the platelet-activating factor receptor antagonist, etizolam, for the resolution of CSDH, and the factors indicating surgery or conservative therapy. Alternate patients were assigned to the etizolam group or control group without medical treatment. Patients in the etizolam group received 3.0 mg etizolam per day for 14 days. A total of 53 patients were followed up for at least 6 months. Univariate analysis of differences in demographic characteristics, clinical findings, and initial computed tomography (CT) findings, and multiple logistic regression analysis of the relationship between etizolam treatment and requirement for surgery using age, sex, low density of hematoma on CT, and paresis as confounders were performed. Etizolam treatment (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.156, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.024-0.999, p = 0.049) was negatively correlated with requirement for surgery. Low density of hematoma (adjusted OR 0.125, 95% CI 0.019-0.846, p = 0.033) was found to be an independent negative predictor, and paresis as an initial symptom (adjusted OR 6.35, 95% CI 1.04-38.7, p = 0.045) was an independent positive predictor of requirement for surgery. Etizolam administration can promote the resolution of CSDH, especially at the stage of hygroma appearing as low density on CT. Surgery is recommended if the patient presents with paresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Hirashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
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Kurimoto M, Asahi T, Shibata T, Takahashi C, Nagai S, Hayashi N, Matsui M, Endo S. Safe Removal of Glioblastoma Near the Angular Gyrus by Awake Surgery Preserving Calculation Ability-Case Report-. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2006; 46:46-50. [PMID: 16434827 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.46.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 67-year-old patient presented with progressive agraphia, alexia, and impaired ability to calculate persisting for 4 weeks. He showed preserved ability to do single-digit addition and subtraction. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated a tumor in the left parietal lobe. A malignant glioma was suspected, and awake craniotomy was performed to remove the tumor with functional cortical mapping to determine the cortices involved in calculation and language. His calculation ability was mapped on the angular gyrus, and partial resection of the tumor was achieved without deterioration of that ability. The histological diagnosis was glioblastoma multiforme. The patient's calculation ability improved dramatically after the operation.
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Hirashima Y, Kurimoto M, Hori E, Origasa H, Endo S. Lower Incidence of Symptomatic Vasospasm after Subarachnoid Hemorrhage owing to Ruptured Vertebrobasilar Aneurysms. Neurosurgery 2005; 57:1110-6; discussion 1110-6. [PMID: 16331158 DOI: 10.1227/01.neu.0000185632.69374.c9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
OBJECTIVE:
In this study, we evaluated the difference in incidence of symptomatic vasospasm between ruptured aneurysms in the anterior and posterior circulation using multiple logistic regression analysis.
METHODS:
A total of 145 consecutive patients who underwent surgery for aneurysms within 72 hours after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were studied.
RESULTS:
The ruptured aneurysm was in the anterior circulation in 128 patients (88.3%) and in the posterior circulation in 17 patients (11.7%). Forty patients (27.6%) had symptomatic vasospasm and 105 patients (72.4%) did not. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to assess relationships among various variables and the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm after SAH. Finally, Grade III to V (Hunt and Hess grade) and Group 3 (Fisher's classification) on admission were found to be independently positively associated with the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm while ruptured vertebrobasilar aneurysm were negatively associated.
CONCLUSION:
Although a poor clinical grade and a severe SAH classification on admission such as Hunt and Hess grade and Fisher's classification are established powerful predictors of symptomatic vasospasm, ruptured vertebrobasilar aneurysm are for the first time reported to be a predictor of symptomatic vasospasm based on results of a recent reliable statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Hirashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
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Maruyama H, Nishimaki A, Takuma Y, Kurimoto M, Suzuki T, Sakatoku Y, Ishikawa M, Ohta N. Successive changes in tissue migration capacity of developing larvae of an intestinal nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis. Parasitology 2005; 132:411-8. [PMID: 16280094 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182005009042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2005] [Revised: 09/06/2005] [Accepted: 09/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Infective larvae of an intestinal nematode, Strongyloides venezuelensis, enter rodent hosts percutaneously, and migrate through connective tissues and lungs. Then they arrive at the small intestine, where they reach maturity. It is not known how S. venezuelensis larvae develop during tissue migration. Here we demonstrate that tissue invasion ability of S. venezuelensis larvae changes drastically during tissue migration, and that the changes are associated with stage-specific protein expression. Infective larvae, connective tissue larvae, lung larvae, and mucosal larvae were used to infect mice by various infection methods, including percutaneous, subcutaneous, oral, and intraduodenal inoculation. Among different migration stages, only infective larvae penetrated mouse skin. Larvae, once inside the host, quickly lost skin penetration ability, which was associated with the disappearance of an infective larva-specific metalloprotease. Migrating larvae had connective tissue migration ability until in the lungs, where larvae became able to settle down in the intestinal mucosa. Lung larvae and mucosal larvae were capable of producing and secreting adhesion molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Maruyama
- Department of Molecular Parasitology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.
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41
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Chaen H, Nishimoto T, Nakada T, Fukuda S, Kurimoto M, Tsujisaka Y. Enzymatic synthesis of kojioligosaccharides using kojibiose phosphorylase. J Biosci Bioeng 2005; 92:177-82. [PMID: 16233080 DOI: 10.1263/jbb.92.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2001] [Accepted: 05/24/2001] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have attempted to synthesize kojioligosaccharides (oligosaccharides having the alpha-1,2 glycosidic linkage at the nonreducing end) using two methods. In the first, mixtures of various proportions of glucose and beta-D-glucose-1-phosphate (beta-G1P) were allowed to react in the presence of kojibiose phosphorylase (KPase). In the second, maltose was allowed to react with KPase and maltose phosphorylase (MPase) simultaneously. In the former method, kojioligosaccharides having only the alpha-1,2 glucosidic linkage were synthesized and the average degree of polymerization (D.P.) of oligosaccharides increased with decreasing proportions of glucose. In the second method, kojioligosaccharides were obtained at approximately 70% yields under optimum conditions. 4-alpha-D-Kojibiosyl-glucose, kojitriose and kojitetraose, the principal kojioligosaccharides synthesized, were not hydrolyzed by salivary amylase, artificial gastric juice, pancreatic amylase, or small intestinal enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chaen
- Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories Inc., 7-7 Amase-minami machi, Okayama 700-0834, Japan.
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42
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Nagai S, Kurimoto M, Washiyama K, Hirashima Y, Kumanishi T, Endo S. Inhibition of Cellular Proliferation and Induction of Apoptosis by Curcumin in Human Malignant Astrocytoma Cell Lines. J Neurooncol 2005; 74:105-11. [PMID: 16193380 DOI: 10.1007/s11060-004-5757-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB is known to control cellular proliferation and apoptosis. In malignant astrocytoma cells, it was reported that NF-kappaB was activated aberrantly and promoted their proliferation. Thus, inhibition of NF-kappaB activity is considered to be a promising therapeutic strategy for malignant astrocytoma. Recently, curcumin, the major constituent of turmeric, was reported to inhibit NF-kappaB activity. In this study, we investigated inhibitory effects of curcumin on NF-kappaB activity and cellular proliferation, and induction of apoptosis by curcumin in human malignant astrocytoma cell lines. Alteration of NF-kappaB activity in NP-2 human malignant astrocytoma cell line after treatment with curcumin was examined using electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Alterations of DNA synthesis and cellular growth in five human malignant astrocytoma cell lines after treatment with curcumin were examined using [(3)H]thymidine incorporation assay and the trypan blue dye exclusion method, respectively. Induction of apoptosis by curcumin in NP-2 and NP-3 human malignant astrocytoma cell lines was examined by DNA-fragmentation analysis and morphological observation. We found that the NF-kappaB activity in NP-2 was significantly reduced by curcumin. The DNA synthesis and the cellular growth were inhibited by curcumin in dose-dependent manner in all the five malignant astrocytoma cell lines. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation, and DNA fragmentation were observed in both NP-2 and NP-3 after the treatment with curcumin. These results indicate that curcumin inhibits the cellular proliferation and induces apoptosis in human malignant astrocytoma cell lines. These results are considered to be resulted from the inhibition of NF-kappaB activity by curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Nagai
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Neuro-endoscopy is playing a greater role in the diagnosis and treatment of several types of lesions, especially in the ventricular system. However, surgical planning and intraoperative orientation during endoscopic surgery are sometimes difficult. The efficacy of a neurosurgical navigation system using three-dimensional computer graphics of magnetic resonance (MR) images in neuro-endoscopic surgery was evaluated in this study. METHODS We have developed a navigational endoscopic system designed to monitor the tip and direction of the endoscope, with the mirror marker of the navigation connected to a rigid endoscope. Eight patients, 3 cases of aqueductal stenting for isolated fourth ventricle, 3 cases of cystostomy for ependymal cyst, 1 case of septostomy for isolated lateral ventricle, and 1 case of ventricular tap in narrow ventricles, underwent endoscopic surgery using the present system. RESULTS All patients underwent successful procedures with good outcomes. The present system was very useful in the cases of an accurate ventricular tap in narrow ventricles, identification of anatomic structures, and determining the appropriate route to the target point. CONCLUSIONS This navigational endoscopic system improved the safety and accuracy of neuro-endoscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Hamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan
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Kurosaki K, Hayashi N, Hamada H, Hori E, Kurimoto M, Endo S. Multiple epidermoid cysts located in the pineal and extracranial regions treated by neuroendoscopy. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2005; 45:216-9. [PMID: 15849462 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.45.216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A 22-year-old woman presented with a rare case of multiple epidermoid cysts located in the pineal and extracranial regions. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging showed a lesion in the pineal region as hypointense on the T(1)-weighted image and hyperintense on the T(2)-weighted image, without enhancement. Neuroendoscopic treatment was performed under a diagnosis of pineal cyst. However, the cyst wall was too thick to perforate, although third ventriculostomy was performed. Diffusion-weighted MR imaging demonstrated the lesions in the pineal and extracranial regions as marked hyperintensity. The diagnosis was epidermoid cyst. Subsequently, neuroendoscopic treatment of the pineal epidermoid cyst was performed. Careful preoperative diagnosis of epidermoid cysts based on diffusion-weighted MR imaging is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunikazu Kurosaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Hirashima Y, Hamada H, Kurimoto M, Origasa H, Endo S. Decrease in platelet count as an independent risk factor for symptomatic vasospasm following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2005; 102:882-7. [PMID: 15926714 DOI: 10.3171/jns.2005.102.5.0882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Object. Increased platelet consumption is expected in patients with cerebral vasospasm, according to data from clinical and experimental studies. The authors investigated sequential changes in platelet counts in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and the difference in platelet consumption between patients with and those without symptomatic vasospasm (SV). Variables related to platelet count as well as other clinical and radiological variables were analyzed as independent predictors of SV.
Methods. One hundred consecutive patients who had undergone surgery within 48 hours after SAH onset were entered in the study. Clinical and radiological variables and blood cell counts, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, after SAH were retrospectively examined. Twenty of these variables were entered into univariate and multivariate analyses to determine predictors for SV.
After SAH, the platelet count decreased to a minimum and then increased rapidly to levels greater than those recorded on admission. This change was specific to SAH, and platelet consumption was more severe in patients with SV than in those without. There were three independent predictors of SV: a ratio of the lowest platelet count and the admission count greater than 0.7 (odds ratio [OR] 0.322, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.124–0.834, p = 0.0196) and a history of hypertension (OR 0.338, 95% CI 0.126–0.906, p = 0.0311) were negatively significant (that is, decreases the occurrence of SV), and a Fisher Grade 3 (OR 4.42, 95% CI 1.48–13.2, p = 0.0077) was positively significant (that is, increases the occurrence of SV).
Conclusions. The association between a decrease in platelet count and the occurrence of SV indicates the important role of platelets in the pathophysiology of vasospasm following SAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Hirashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
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Hayashi N, Hamada H, Umemura K, Kurosaki K, Kurimoto M, Endo S. [Selection of surgical approach for quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst]. No Shinkei Geka 2005; 33:457-65. [PMID: 15912765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Preoperative magnetic resonance imaging of 4 cases of quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst were retrospectively reviewed and patterns of extension to surrounding cisterns from the quadrigeminal cistern were examined. Relationship between patterns of extension to surrounding cisterns and selected surgical approach were evaluated. In 2 cases, the cyst extended anteriorly and compressed the quadrigeminal plate. These two cases had hydrocephalus due to aqueductal stenosis. The anteroirly extending cyst was treated with endoscopic ventriculocystocisternostomy via the lateral and third ventricles. In one case, the cyst extended superiorly to the velum interpositum cistern, and was treated with endoscopic ventriculocystocisternostomy via the lateral ventricle. In one case, the cyst extended laterally to the ambient cistern and compressed the posterior horn of the lateral ventricle. This case had loculated hydrocephalus of the inferior horn. The laterally extending cyst was treated with resection of the wall of the arachnoid cyst via an infratentorial supracerebellar approach assisted by endoscope. All cysts were successfully treated. Injury of the foramen of Monro occurred during a procedure using a flexible endoscope in a case with an anterior extending cyst. Exact analysis of the preoperative imaging and selection of appropriate surgical approach are key factors for successful treatment of a quadrigeminal cistern arachnoid cyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nakamasa Hayashi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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Tsuboi Y, Hamada H, Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Hirashima Y, Endo S. Huge arachnoid cyst in the posterior fossa: controversial discussion for selection of the surgical approach. Childs Nerv Syst 2005; 21:259-61. [PMID: 15349742 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-004-1006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
CASE REPORT We report a case of a huge posterior fossa arachnoid cyst with hydrocephalus. This 15-month-old girl presented with macrocrania and psychomotor retardation. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging demonstrated ventriculomegaly and a huge cystic lesion in the posterior fossa. A membranectomy was performed microscopically and the patient had a good postoperative course. OUTCOME Magnetic resonance imaging 1 year after the operation revealed adequate reduction in the size of the ventricle and cyst. Progressive macrocrania discontinued and normal development was obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshifumi Tsuboi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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Hayakawa Y, Hirashima Y, Yamamoto H, Hayashi N, Kurimoto M, Kuwayama N, Endo S. Adenovirus-mediated expression of heparin cofactor II inhibits thrombin-induced cellular responses in fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells. Thromb Res 2005; 116:357-63. [PMID: 16038721 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2005.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2004] [Revised: 01/03/2005] [Accepted: 01/04/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Heparin cofactor II functions as a physiological inhibitor of thrombin activity. The rate of inactivation of thrombin by heparin cofactor II is increased in the presence of dermatan sulfate, which is produced by fibroblasts or smooth muscle cells. To elucidate the role of heparin cofactor II in the extravascular cells, we induced expression of heparin cofactor II in cultured human fibroblasts or vascular smooth muscle cells using adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. After infection of adenovirus vector, these cells secreted heparin cofactor II protein into culture medium. The expressed heparin cofactor II formed the complex with exogenous thrombin and inhibited the proteolytic activity of thrombin. Expression of heparin cofactor II by infection of adenovirus vector inhibited thrombin-induced tissue-type plasminogen activator and interleukin-6 releases from fibroblasts and thrombin-induced interleukin-6 release from vascular smooth muscle cells. These findings show that fibroblasts and vascular smooth muscle cells expressing heparin cofactor II are resistant to thrombin-induced cellular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumiko Hayakawa
- Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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Hirashima Y, Kurimoto M, Hayashi N, Umemura K, Hori E, Origasa H, Endo S. Duration of Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage for Prevention of Symptomatic Vasospasm and Late Hydrocephalus. Neurol Med Chir (Tokyo) 2005; 45:177-82; discussion 182-3. [PMID: 15849454 DOI: 10.2176/nmc.45.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The optimal duration of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage after acute aneurysm surgery is unclear. The association between the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm or late hydrocephalus and the duration of CSF drainage was investigated using multiple logistic analysis in 95 consecutive patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage who underwent surgery within 72 hours after onset. The duration of drainage was significantly related to the occurrence of symptomatic vasospasm and late hydrocephalus. The cut-off values of the duration of drainage for preventing symptomatic vasospasm and late hydrocephalus were 11 days (adjusted odds ratio 0.347, 95% confidence interval 0.135-0.889, p = 0.0274) and 6 days (adjusted odds ratio 4.86, 95% confidence interval 1.46-16.2, p = 0.0099), respectively. Prevention of both symptomatic vasospasm and late hydrocephalus is not possible without additional procedures such as cisternal irrigation using fibrinolytic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Hirashima
- Department of Neurosurgery, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630 Sugutani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
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50
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Kamiyama H, Kurosaki K, Kurimoto M, Katagiri T, Nakamura Y, Kurokawa M, Sato H, Endo S, Shiraki K. Herpes simplex virus-induced, death receptor-dependent apoptosis and regression of transplanted human cancers. Cancer Sci 2004; 95:990-8. [PMID: 15596049 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2004.tb03188.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Inoculation of a live attenuated herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector, betaH1, into human U87MG glioblastoma cells transplanted into athymic nude mice induced complete regression of tumors. The infected cells underwent histochemically confirmed apoptosis without lymphocyte infiltration after expressing CD30, CD30 ligand (CD30L), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF receptor 1 (TNF-R1), FAS, and FAS ligand (FAS-L) with activation of caspases 3 and 8. Induction of the transcripts of these receptors and ligands in inoculated tumors was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. To examine the specificity of apoptosis in the transplanted tumor, we inoculated betaH1 into transplanted human lung, breast, gastric, and colon cancer tumors, and similar tumor regression with apoptosis was observed in all tumors. We analyzed the roles of expression of CD30, CD30L, TNF-alpha, TNF-R1, FAS, and FAS-L in the tumors, and found that HSV-induced apoptosis was suppressed by the respective antibodies. These findings indicate that the CD30/CD30L, TNF-alpha/TNF-R1, and FAS/FAS-L interactions resulted in apoptosis and tumor regression in immunocompromised mice. In addition to the death receptor-dependent apoptosis induced by HSV, the expressed ligands and receptors might enhance the susceptibility of tumor cells to cell-mediated cyto-toxicity and augment the activation of tumor-killing lymphocytes in immunocompetent models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironaga Kamiyama
- Department of Virology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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