1
|
Sallam HS, Tuvdendorj DR, Jialal I, Chandalia M, Abate N. Therapeutic lifestyle change intervention improved metabolic syndrome criteria and is complementary to amlodipine/atorvastatin. J Diabetes Complications 2020; 34:107480. [PMID: 31902653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2019.107480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To examine whether addition of amlodipine (5 mg)/atorvastatin (10 mg) A/A to Therapeutic Lifestyle change intervention (TLC) would beneficially modulate Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) levels. METHODS Patients with MetS (n = 53) were randomized to TLC + placebo or TLC + A/A for 12 months. Anthropometric measurements, blood pressure (BP), lipid profile, plasma Ox-LDL, and area under the curve of free fatty acid (AUCFFA) during oral glucose tolerance test, a marker of adipose tissue health, were assessed before and after the intervention. RESULTS Twenty-six patients completed the study with an overall improvement of MetS (p = 0.02). TLC + placebo was beneficial in reversing MetS comparable to TLC + A/A (54% vs. 39%; p = 0.08). Both treatments decreased systolic BP (p ≤ 0.01). TLC + A/A also decreased diastolic BP and triglyceride levels. The changes in Ox-LDL levels directly correlated with changes in weight in the TLC-placebo group (r = 0.64; p = 0.04). AUCFFA determined the loss of fat mass (r = 0.472, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS 1) Addition of A/A has the advantage of improving the lipid profile and BP; but TLC alone was comparable to TLC + A/A in improving MetS; 2) weight change determines the TLC-associated change in Ox-LDL levels; and 3) AT metabolic health is a significant predictor of TLC-associated loss of body fat mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa S Sallam
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Demidmaa R Tuvdendorj
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ishwarlal Jialal
- California North-State University College of Medicine, Elk Grove, CA, USA
| | | | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA; Bay Area Metabolic Health, Baytown, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Clayton RP, Herndon DN, Abate N, Porter C. The Effect of Burn Trauma on Lipid and Glucose Metabolism: Implications for Insulin Sensitivity. J Burn Care Res 2020; 39:713-723. [PMID: 29931151 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irx047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Severe burns represent a unique form of trauma in terms of the magnitude and persistence of the stress response they incur. Given advances in acute burn care in the last quarter of a century and the resultant reduction in mortality rates, even for those with massive burns, greater emphasis is now placed on understanding the metabolic stress response to severe burn trauma in order to devise strategies that promote recovery and reduce morbidity. Derangements in metabolism including protein and lipid redistribution and altered glucose handling are hallmarks of the pathophysiological response to burn trauma. In this review article, we aim to distill and discuss the c urrent literature concerning the effect of burn trauma on lipid and glucose metabolism. Furthermore, we will discuss the implications of altered lipid metabolism with regards to insulin sensitivity and glucose control, while discussing the utility of agents and strategies aimed at restoring normal lipid and glucose metabolism in burned patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Clayton
- Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Galveston.,The Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - David N Herndon
- Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Galveston.,The Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.,Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Nicola Abate
- Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Galveston.,The Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.,Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Craig Porter
- Shriners Hospitals for Children®-Galveston.,The Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Krishnan B, Sallam HS, Tumurbataar B, Saieva S, Baymon D, Tuvdendorj D, Micci MA, Abate N, Taglialatela G. Amelioration of hippocampal dysfunction by adipose tissue-targeted stem cell transplantation in a mouse model of type 2 diabetes. J Neurochem 2020; 153:51-62. [PMID: 31730234 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is growing evidence that type 2 diabetes or insulin resistance is linked to cognitive impairment. We recently confirmed altered lipid composition, down-regulation of insulin receptor expression and impaired basal synaptic transmission in the hippocampus of our transgenic murine model of adipocyte insulin resistance (AtENPP1-Tg). Here we evaluated whether the correction of adipose tissue dysfunction [via the subcutaneous transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC)] can improve the hippocampal synaptic transmission in AtENPP1-Tg mice versus their wildtype littermates. Animals were simply randomized to receive MSC, then weighed weekly for 12 weeks. At euthanasia, we assessed leptin in the collected serum and hippocampal synaptic high-frequency stimulation long-term potentiation (HFS-LTP) using brain slices. MSC transplantation normalized AtENPP1-Tg body and epididymal fat weights and was associated with increased leptin levels, a sign of adipocyte maturation. More importantly, transplantation restored the deficiency observed in AtENPP1-Tg HFS-LTP, the cellular readout of memory. Our results further corroborate the role of adipocyte maturation arrest in adipose tissue and highlight a role for the adipose tissue in modulating hippocampal cellular mechanisms. Further studies are warranted to explore the mechanisms for the MSC-induced improvement of hippocampal HFS-LTP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Krishnan
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Hanaa S Sallam
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Batbayar Tumurbataar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Salvatore Saieva
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.,Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Da'Marcus Baymon
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Maria-Adelaide Micci
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Giulio Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Asghar R, Chondronikola M, Dillon EL, Durham WJ, Porter C, Wu Z, Camacho-Hughes M, Andersen CR, Spratt H, Volpi E, Sheffield-Moore M, Sidossis L, Wolfe RR, Abate N, Tuvdendorj DR. Quantification of muscle triglyceride synthesis rate requires an adjustment for total triglyceride content. J Lipid Res 2018; 59:2018-2024. [PMID: 30131344 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.d082321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intramyocellular triglyceride (imTG) in skeletal muscle plays a significant role in metabolic health, and an infusion of [13C16]palmitate can be used to quantitate the in vivo fractional synthesis rate (FSR) and absolute synthesis rate (ASR) of imTGs. However, the extramyocellular TG (emTG) pool, unless precisely excised, contaminates the imTG pool, diluting the imTG-bound tracer enrichment and leading to underestimation of FSR. Because of the difficulty of excising the emTGs precisely, it would be advantageous to be able to calculate the imTG synthesis rate without dissecting the emTGs from each sample. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the ASR of total TGs (tTGs), a combination of imTGs and emTGs, calculated as "FSR × tTG pool," reasonably represents the imTG synthesis. Muscle lipid parameters were measured in nine healthy women at 90 and 170 min after the start of [13C16]palmitate infusion. While the measurements of tTG content, enrichment, and FSR did not correlate (P > 0.05), those of the tTG ASR were significantly correlated (r = 0.947, P < 0.05). These results demonstrate that when imTGs and emTGs are pooled, the resulting underestimation of imTG FSR is balanced by the overestimation of the imTG content. We conclude that imTG metabolism is reflected by the measurement of the tTG ASR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Asghar
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Maria Chondronikola
- Departments of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.,Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX
| | - Edgar L Dillon
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - William J Durham
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Craig Porter
- Departments of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.,Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX
| | | | - Maria Camacho-Hughes
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Clark R Andersen
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Heidi Spratt
- Departments of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Elena Volpi
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | | | - Labros Sidossis
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.,Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX
| | - Robert R Wolfe
- Reynolds Institute on Aging, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR
| | - Nicola Abate
- Departments of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Iqbal F, Baker WS, Khan MI, Thukuntla S, McKinney KH, Abate N, Tuvdendorj D. Current and future therapies for addressing the effects of inflammation on HDL cholesterol metabolism. Br J Pharmacol 2017; 174:3986-4006. [PMID: 28326542 PMCID: PMC5660004 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Inflammatory processes arising from metabolic abnormalities are known to precipitate the development of CVD. Several metabolic and inflammatory markers have been proposed for predicting the progression of CVD, including high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). For ~50 years, HDL-C has been considered as the atheroprotective 'good' cholesterol because of its strong inverse association with the progression of CVD. Thus, interventions to increase the concentration of HDL-C have been successfully tested in animals; however, clinical trials were unable to confirm the cardiovascular benefits of pharmaceutical interventions aimed at increasing HDL-C levels. Based on these data, the significance of HDL-C in the prevention of CVD has been called into question. Fundamental in vitro and animal studies suggest that HDL-C functionality, rather than HDL-C concentration, is important for the CVD-preventive qualities of HDL-C. Our current review of the literature positively demonstrates the negative impact of systemic and tissue (i.e. adipose tissue) inflammation in the healthy metabolism and function of HDL-C. Our survey indicates that HDL-C may be a good marker of adipose tissue health, independently of its atheroprotective associations. We summarize the current findings on the use of anti-inflammatory drugs to either prevent HDL-C clearance or improve the function and production of HDL-C particles. It is evident that the therapeutic agents currently available may not provide the optimal strategy for altering HDL-C metabolism and function, and thus, further research is required to supplement this mechanistic approach for preventing the progression of CVD. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Targeting Inflammation to Reduce Cardiovascular Disease Risk. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v174.22/issuetoc and http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bcp.v82.4/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Iqbal
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Wendy S Baker
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Madiha I Khan
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Shwetha Thukuntla
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Kevin H McKinney
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTXUSA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Iqbal F, Durham WJ, Melhem A, Raslan S, Tran TT, Wright TJ, Asghar R, Fujise K, Volpi E, Sidossis L, Abate N, Sheffield-Moore M, Tuvdendorj D. Sex-dependent difference in the relationship between adipose-tissue cholesterol efflux and estradiol concentrations in young healthy humans. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 64:59-62. [PMID: 28709820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired adipose tissue function and lower levels of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) have been implicated in the development of vascular dementia, and metabolic diseases such as hypertension, atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes (T2D) and metabolic syndrome. Interestingly, both the substrate fluxes in adipose tissue and HDL-C concentration differ between men and women. Moreover, adipose tissue cholesterol efflux has been implicated in modulation of HDL-C levels. Thus, we aimed to determine if the association between serum estradiol levels and adipose tissue cholesterol efflux is sex-dependent. METHOD We evaluated the serum estradiol levels and adipose tissue cholesterol efflux in young healthy men (n=5) and women (n=3). Adipose tissue cholesterol efflux was determined using subcutaneous microdialysis probes. Linear regression analyses were used to determine the relationship between the parameters, p<0.05 was considered as statistically significant. RESULTS Our data demonstrated that serum estradiol levels directly associated with adipose tissue cholesterol efflux; however, the relationships may be sex-dependent. We discussed our results in the context of currently available data regarding sex-dependent variability in adipose tissue function and HDL-C metabolism as a potential contributor to higher rates of vascular dementia in men. Further research is required to understand the sex-dependent and -independent variabilities in adipose tissue metabolism to determine novel targets for interventions to prevent the development of vascular dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Iqbal
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - William J Durham
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Ayyash Melhem
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Saleem Raslan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Tony T Tran
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Traver J Wright
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Rabia Asghar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Ken Fujise
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Elena Volpi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Labros Sidossis
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Melinda Sheffield-Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abate N, Chandalia M. Risk of Obesity-Related Cardiometabolic Complications in Special Populations: A Crisis in Asians. Gastroenterology 2017; 152:1647-1655. [PMID: 28192110 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2017.01.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The prospect of a significant increase in global health-related costs associated with high cardiometabolic complications of obesity in Asians has encouraged more attention to be focused on the problem of growing obesity prevalence in these populations. Although these studies have shown that cardiometabolic complications occur more frequently and at a lower body mass index (BMI) in Asians than in European populations, the mechanisms involved have yet to be discovered. Ethnic/racial differences in body composition and fat distribution have been studied extensively. Although these studies have shown that increasing BMI is associated with larger increases in body fat content in Asians, growing evidence points to factors other than body fat content and fat distribution in determining a higher prevalence of cardiometabolic complications in these populations. Here, we provide support to our view that earlier onset of adipocyte maturation arrest/insulin resistance during weight gain could be a major factor in increasing the cardiometabolic risk of Asian populations at a lower BMI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston.
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kasper JM, Milton AJ, Smith AE, Laezza F, Taglialatela G, Hommel JD, Abate N. Cognitive deficits associated with a high-fat diet and insulin resistance are potentiated by overexpression of ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase-1. Int J Dev Neurosci 2017; 64:48-53. [PMID: 28373023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing evidence that over consumption of high-fat foods and insulin resistance may alter hippocampal-dependent cognitive function. To study the individual contributions of diet and peripheral insulin resistance to learning and memory, we used a transgenic mouse line that overexpresses ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase-1 in adipocytes, which inhibits the insulin receptor. Here, we demonstrate that a model of peripheral insulin resistance exacerbates high-fat diet induced deficits in performance on the Morris Water Maze task. This finding was then reviewed in the context of the greater literature to explore potential mechanisms including triglyceride storage, adiponectin, lipid composition, insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and hippocampal signaling. Together, these findings further our understanding of the complex relationship among peripheral insulin resistance, diet and memory.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Kasper
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States.
| | - A J Milton
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - A E Smith
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - F Laezza
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - G Taglialatela
- Mitchell Center for Neurodegenerative Disease, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - J D Hommel
- Center for Addiction Research, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - N Abate
- Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tumurbaatar B, Poole AT, Olson G, Makhlouf M, Sallam HS, Thukuntla S, Kankanala S, Ekhaese O, Gomez G, Chandalia M, Abate N. Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance in Gestational Diabetes. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2017; 15:86-92. [PMID: 28080219 DOI: 10.1089/met.2016.0124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and altered glucose-lipid metabolism. We propose that ectonucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase-1 (ENPP1), a protein known to induce adipocyte IR, is a determinant of GDM. Our objective was to study ENPP1 expression in adipose tissue (AT) of obese pregnant women with or without GDM, as well as glucose tolerance in pregnant transgenic (Tg) mice with AT-specific overexpression of human ENPP1. METHODS AT biopsies and blood were collected from body mass index-matched obese pregnant women non-GDM (n = 6), GDM (n = 7), and nonpregnant controls (n = 6) undergoing cesarian section or elective surgeries, respectively. We measured the following: (1) Expression of key molecules involved in insulin signaling and glucose-lipid metabolism in AT; (2) Plasma glucose and insulin levels and calculation of homeostasis model assessment of IR (HOMA-IR); (3) Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test in AtENPP1 Tg pregnant mice. RESULTS We found that: (1) Obese GDM patients have higher AT ENPP1 expression than obese non-GDM patients, or controls (P = 0.01-ANOVA). (2) ENPP1 expression level correlated negatively with glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and positively with insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) serine phosphorylation, and to other adipocyte functional proteins involved in glucose and lipid metabolism (P < 0.05 each), (3) AT ENPP1 expression levels were positively correlated with HOMA-IR (P = 0.01-ANOVA). (4) Pregnant AT ENPP1 Tg mice showed higher plasma glucose than wild type animals (P = 0.046-t test on area under curve [AUC]glucose). CONCLUSIONS Our results provide evidence of a causative link between ENPP1 and alterations in insulin signaling, glucose uptake, and lipid metabolism in subcutaneous abdominal AT of GDM, which may mediate IR and hyperglycemia in GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Batbayar Tumurbaatar
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Aaron T Poole
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Gayle Olson
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Michel Makhlouf
- 2 Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal and Fetal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Hanaa S Sallam
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Shwetha Thukuntla
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Sucharitha Kankanala
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Obos Ekhaese
- 3 Department of General Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Guillermo Gomez
- 3 Department of General Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | | | - Nicola Abate
- 1 Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chondronikola M, Asghar R, Zhang X, Dillon EL, Durham WJ, Wu Z, Porter C, Camacho-Hughes M, Zhao Y, Brasier AR, Volpi E, Sheffield-Moore M, Abate N, Sidossis L, Tuvdendorj D. Palmitoyl-carnitine production by blood cells associates with the concentration of circulating acyl-carnitines in healthy overweight women. Clin Nutr 2016; 36:1310-1319. [PMID: 27624997 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2016.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating acyl-carnitines (acyl-CNTs) are associated with insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in both rodents and humans. However, the mechanisms whereby circulating acyl-CNTs are increased in these conditions and their role in whole-body metabolism remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to determine if, in humans, blood cells contribute in production of circulating acyl-CNTs and associate with whole-body fat metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS Eight non-diabetic healthy women (age: 47 ± 19 y; BMI: 26 ± 1 kg·m-2) underwent stable isotope tracer infusion and hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp study to determine in vivo whole-body fatty acid flux and insulin sensitivity. Blood samples collected at baseline (0 min) and after 3 h of clamp were used to determine the synthesis rate of palmitoyl-carnitine (palmitoyl-CNT) in vitro. The fractional synthesis rate of palmitoyl-CNT was significantly higher during hyperinsulinemia (0.788 ± 0.084 vs. 0.318 ± 0.012%·hr-1, p = 0.001); however, the absolute synthesis rate (ASR) did not differ between the periods (p = 0.809) due to ∼30% decrease in blood palmitoyl-CNT concentration (p = 0.189) during hyperinsulinemia. The ASR of palmitoyl-CNT significantly correlated with the concentration of acyl-CNTs in basal (r = 0.992, p < 0.001) and insulin (r = 0.919, p = 0.001) periods; and the basal ASR significantly correlated with plasma palmitate oxidation (r = 0.764, p = 0.027). CONCLUSION In women, blood cells contribute to plasma acyl-CNT levels and the acyl-CNT production is linked to plasma palmitate oxidation, a marker of whole-body fat metabolism. Future studies are needed to confirm the role of blood cells in acyl-CNT and lipid metabolism under different physiological (i.e., in response to meal) and pathological (i.e., hyperlipidemia, IR and T2D) conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Chondronikola
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Rabia Asghar
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Edgar L Dillon
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - William J Durham
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Zhanpin Wu
- Zoex Corporation, Houston, TX 77034, USA
| | - Craig Porter
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Maria Camacho-Hughes
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Yingxin Zhao
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Allan R Brasier
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Elena Volpi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Melinda Sheffield-Moore
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Labros Sidossis
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA; Metabolism Unit, Shriners Hospitals for Children, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abate N, Chandalia M. SGLT2 Inhibitors and Ketoacidosis: Cause for Concern? Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2016; 14:1-2. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.29002.aba] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chandalia M, Mohan V, Adams-Huet B, Deepa R, Abate N. Ethnic Difference in Sex Gap in High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Between Asian Indians and Whites. J Investig Med 2016; 56:574-80. [DOI: 10.2310/jim.0b013e31816716fd] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
ObjectiveTo study whether low plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) reported in Asian Indians is common in both men and women when compared with whites and whether it is related to increased body mass index (BMI) and plasma triglyceride concentration.DesignWe evaluated the lipid profile and prevalence of low HDL-C (<40 mg/dL in men and <50 mg/dL in women) in the following cohorts of normoglycemic 1404 men and 1817 women: Asian Indians living in rural India; urban Chennai, India; and Dallas, TX; and whites living in Dallas, TX.ResultsAfter adjustment for age, BMI, and smoking, HDL-C was not significantly different in Asian Indian men compared with whites. However, Asian Indian women had lower HDL-C compared with white women, and rural Asian Indian women had the lowest HDL-C even in the absence of high triglycerides. Lean Asian Indian women with BMI of less than 23 kg/m2 had higher frequency of low HDL-C compared with lean white women with BMI of less than 25 kg/m2 (72%, 56%, 48%, and 25% in rural, urban, and Dallas Asian Indian and white women, respectively) and lean men (52%, 42%, 28%, and 35% in rural, urban, and Dallas Asian Indian and white men, respectively). Sex differences in HDL-C was estimated as 6.6 ± 0.5 mg/dL for Asian Indians and 15.3 ± 1.1 mg/dL for whites (P < 0.0001 for sex difference in the 2 ethnic groups).ConclusionsIncreased prevalence of low HDL-C independently of obesity or hypertriglyceridemia is observed in women but not in men of Asian Indian origin. The sex gap in HDL-C is significantly smaller in Asian Indians compared with whites independent of geographical location.
Collapse
|
13
|
Jialal I, Abate N. Ezetimibe-Statin Combination to Reduce Cardiovascular Events: The Evidence Base. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2015; 13:327-8. [PMID: 26177147 DOI: 10.1089/met.2015.29000.jia] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ishwarlal Jialal
- 1 Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California Davis Medical Center , Sacramento, California
| | - Nicola Abate
- 2 Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sallam HS, Tumurbaatar B, Zhang WR, Tuvdendorj D, Chandalia M, Tempia F, Laezza F, Taglialatela G, Abate N. Peripheral adipose tissue insulin resistance alters lipid composition and function of hippocampal synapses. J Neurochem 2015; 133:125-33. [PMID: 25640170 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.13043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Compelling evidence indicates that type 2 diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance (IR), and metabolic syndrome are often accompanied by cognitive impairment. However, the mechanistic link between these metabolic abnormalities and CNS dysfunction requires further investigations. Here, we evaluated whether adipose tissue IR and related metabolic alterations resulted in CNS changes by studying synapse lipid composition and function in the adipocyte-specific ecto-nucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase over-expressing transgenic (AtENPP1-Tg) mouse, a model characterized by white adipocyte IR, systemic IR, and ectopic fat deposition. When fed a high-fat diet, AtENPP1-Tg mice recapitulate essential features of the human metabolic syndrome, making them an ideal model to characterize peripherally induced CNS deficits. Using a combination of gas chromatography and western blot analysis, we found evidence of altered lipid composition, including decreased phospholipids and increased triglycerides (TG) and free fatty acid in hippocampal synaptosomes isolated from high-fat diet-fed AtENPP1-Tg mice. These changes were associated with impaired basal synaptic transmission at the Schaffer collaterals to hippocampal cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) synapses, decreased phosphorylation of the GluN1 glutamate receptor subunit, down-regulation of insulin receptor expression, and up-regulation of the free fatty acid receptor 1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa S Sallam
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rizzo M, Abate N, Chandalia M, Rizvi AA, Giglio RV, Nikolic D, Marino Gammazza A, Barbagallo I, Isenovic ER, Banach M, Montalto G, Li Volti G. Liraglutide reduces oxidative stress and restores heme oxygenase-1 and ghrelin levels in patients with type 2 diabetes: a prospective pilot study. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:603-6. [PMID: 25393640 PMCID: PMC4318909 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Liraglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog and glucose-lowering agent whose effects on cardiovascular risk markers have not been fully elucidated. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the effect of liraglutide on markers of oxidative stress, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and plasma ghrelin levels in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). DESIGN AND SETTING A prospective pilot study of 2 months' duration has been performed at the Unit of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Prevention at University of Palermo, Italy. Patients and Intervention(s): Twenty subjects with T2DM (10 men and 10 women; mean age: 57 ± 13 y) were treated with liraglutide sc (0.6 mg/d for 2 wk, followed by 1.2 mg/d) in addition to metformin (1500 mg/d orally) for 2 months. Patients with liver disorders or renal failure were excluded. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Plasma ghrelin concentrations, oxidative stress markers, and heat-shock proteins, including HO-1 were assessed. RESULTS The addition of liraglutide resulted in a significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) (8.5 ± 0.4 vs 7.5 ± 0.4%, P < .0001). In addition, plasma ghrelin and glutathione concentrations increased (8.2 ± 4.1 vs 13.6 ± 7.3 pg/ml, P = .0007 and 0.36 ± 0.06 vs 0.44 ± 0.07 nmol/ml, P = .0002, respectively), whereas serum lipid hydroperoxides and HO-1 decreased (0.11 ± 0.05 vs 0.04 ± 0.07 pg/ml, P = .0487 and 7.7 ± 7.7 vs 3.6 ± 1.8 pg/ml, P = .0445, respectively). These changes were not correlated with changes in fasting glycemia or HbA1c. CONCLUSIONS In a 2-months prospective pilot study, the addition of liraglutide to metformin resulted in improvement in oxidative stress as well as plasma ghrelin and HO-1 concentrations in patients with T2DM. These findings seemed to be independent of the known effects of liraglutide on glucose metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties (M.R., R.V.G., D.N., G.M.), University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy; Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (M.R., A.M.G., I.B., G.L.V.), Palermo 90139, Italy; Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism (M.R., A.A.R.), University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina 29203; Division of Endocrinology (N.A., M.C.), The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555; Department of Experimental Biomedicine and Clinical Neurosciences (A.M.G.), University of Palermo, Palermo 90127, Italy; Department of Drug Sciences (I.B.), University of Catania, Catania 90125, Italy; Laboratory for Molecular Genetics and Radiobiology (E.R.I.), Vinca Institute, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia; Department of Hypertension (M.B.), Medical University of Lodz, Lodz 90-549, Poland; and Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences (G.L.V.), University of Catania, Catania 90125, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Poole A, Tuvdendorj D, Olson G, Tumurbaatar B, Abate N. 276: A distinct fatty acid profile in obese patients with gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.10.322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
17
|
Poole A, Tumurbaatar B, Olson G, Tuvdendorj D, Abate N. 435: Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase diesterase 1 (ENPP1) expression in adipose tissue of women with gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2014.10.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
18
|
Jin ES, Szuszkiewicz-Garcia M, Browning JD, Baxter JD, Abate N, Malloy CR. Influence of liver triglycerides on suppression of glucose production by insulin in men. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2015; 100:235-43. [PMID: 25250633 PMCID: PMC4283006 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2014-2404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The ability of insulin to suppress hepatic glucose production is impaired among subjects with increased intrahepatic triglycerides (IHTG). However, little is known about the roles of insulin on the supporting fluxes of glucose production among patients with fatty liver. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of insulin on fluxes through the three potential sources of plasma glucose (glycerol, the citric acid cycle, and glycogen) among patients with fatty liver. Design, Settings, Participants, and Intervention: Nineteen men with a range of IHTG (∼0.5% to 23%) were studied after an overnight fast and during hyperinsulinemia using magnetic resonance spectroscopy and stable isotope tracers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES IHTG, gluconeogenesis from glycerol, gluconeogenesis from the citric acid cycle, glycogenolysis, and (13)C-labeled glucose produced from the citric acid cycle during hyperinsulinemia were measured. RESULTS Men with high IHTG had higher fluxes through all pathways contributing to glucose production during hyperinsulinemia, compared to men with low IHTG, but they had similar fluxes after the fast. Consequently, men with fatty liver had impaired insulin efficiency in suppressing total glucose production as well as fluxes through all three biochemical pathways contributing to glucose. The detection of glucose isotopomers with (13)C arising from [U-(13)C3]propionate ingested during hyperinsulinemia demonstrated continuous gluconeogenesis from the citric acid cycle in all subjects. CONCLUSIONS These findings challenge the concept that individual glucose production pathways are selectively dysregulated during hepatic insulin resistance. Overproduction of glucose during hyperinsulinemia in men with fatty liver results from inadequate suppression of all the supporting fluxes of glucose production in response to insulin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunsook S Jin
- Advanced Imaging Research Center (E.S.J., J.D.Br., J.D.Ba., C.R.M.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390-8568; Department of Internal Medicine (E.S.J., M.S.-G., J.D.B., C.R.M.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; Department of Medicine (N.A.), Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas 77555; Department of Radiology (C.R.M.), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75390; and VA North Texas Health Care System (C.R.M.), Dallas, Texas 75216
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Patel P, Sallam HS, Ali A, Chandalia M, Suman O, Finnerty CC, Herndon DN, Abate N. Changes in fat distribution in children following severe burn injury. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2014; 12:523-6. [PMID: 25211297 DOI: 10.1089/met.2014.0098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children with severe cutaneous burn injury show persistent metabolic abnormalities, including inflammation and insulin resistance. Such abnormalities could potentially increase their future risk for developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This could be related to changes in body composition and fat distribution. METHODS We studied body composition, fat distribution, and inflammatory cytokines changes in children with severe burn injury up to 6 months from discharge. Sixty-two boys and 35 girls (burn ≥30% of total body surface area) were included. RESULTS We found a decrease in total body fat and subcutaneous peripheral fat at 6 months (6% and 2%, respectively; P<0.05 each). An inverse correlation between the decrease in peripheral fat content at 6 months and the extent of burn injury (r=-041, P=0.02) was also observed. In addition, there was a 12% increase in serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) (P=0.01 vs. discharge) and 9% decrease in serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) (P<0.0001 vs. discharge) over 6 months after burn. CONCLUSION Severe burn injury in children is associated with changes in body fat content and distribution up to 6 months from hospital discharge. These changes, accompanied by persisting systemic inflammation, could possibly mediate the observed persistence of insulin resistance, predisposing burn patients to the development of T2DM and CVD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavankumar Patel
- 1 Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Abate N, Sallam H, Rizzo M, Nikolic D, Obradovic M, Bjelogrlic P, Isenovic E. Resistin: An Inflammatory Cytokine. Role in Cardiovascular Diseases, Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome. Curr Pharm Des 2014; 20:4961-9. [DOI: 10.2174/1381612819666131206103102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
21
|
Yin J, Kuang J, Chandalia M, Tuvdendorj D, Tumurbaatar B, Abate N, Chen JDZ. Hypoglycemic effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture on insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2014; 307:R332-9. [PMID: 24848362 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00465.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate effects and mechanisms of electroacupuncture (EA) on blood glucose and insulin sensitivity in mice fed a high-fat diet. Both wild-type (WT) and adipose ectonucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase (ENPP1) transgenic (TG) mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 wk; for each mouse, an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed with or without EA at abdomen or auricular areas. A high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in both WT and TG mice. In the WT mice, EA at 3 Hz and 15 Hz, but not at 1 Hz or 100 Hz, via CV4+CV12 significantly reduced postprandial glucose levels; EA at 3 Hz was most potent. The glucose level was reduced by 61.7% at 60 min and 74.5% at 120 min with EA at 3 Hz (all P < 0.001 vs. control). Similar hypoglycemic effect was noted in the TG mice. On the contrary, EA at auricular points increased postprandial glucose level (P < 0.03). 4). EA at 3 Hz via CV4+CV12 significantly enhanced the decrease of blood glucose after insulin injection, suggesting improvement of insulin sensitivity. Plasma free fatty acid was significantly suppressed by 42.5% at 15 min and 50.8% at 30 min with EA (P < 0.01) in both WT and TG mice. EA improves glucose tolerance in both WT and TG mice fed a high-fat diet, and the effect is associated with stimulation parameters and acupoints and is probably attributed to the reduction of free fatty acid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jieyun Yin
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jian Kuang
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Division of Endocrinology, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China; and
| | - Manisha Chandalia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Batbayar Tumurbaatar
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Jiande D Z Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine. University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas; Ningbo Pace Translational Medical Research Center, Ningbo, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ramos JM, Abate N, Reyes F, Belate W, Mohammed F, Gorgolas M. Thyroid surgery in a district hospital in Southern Ethiopia: experience from a rural center. World J Surg 2014; 37:1571-3. [PMID: 23564217 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-013-2029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diseases of the thyroid are not uncommon, particularly in the highlands of Ethiopia. The aim of the present study was to describe the experience of thyroid surgery in a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia. METHODS The present study was based on review of surgical cases of thyroid diseases operated in a rural hospital in Southern Ethiopia during the period 2009-2010. RESULTS During the study period, 211 patients underwent surgery for goiter. The mean age was 31.9 years (range: 14-80 years). The sex ratio, M:F, was 1:9. A total of 103 patients had unilateral nodules, and in 108 patients the nodules were located bilaterally. The mean duration of symptoms was 5.7 years (range: 0.7-25 years). In total, 161 (76.7 %) subtotal thyroidectomy operations, and 50 (23.3 %) hemi-thyroidectomy operations were performed. Histological examination revealed multinodular goiters in 203 (96.2 %) cases. Papillary and follicular cancers were found in 7 (3.3 %) and 1 (0.5 %) cases, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Thyroid surgery is feasible in a small rural Ethiopian District Hospital. The provision of surgical services in rural areas of low income and middle income countries is extremely important and delivers more health opportunities to the local people.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M Ramos
- Department of Surgery and Medicine, Gambo General Rural Hospital, Shashemane, Ethiopia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Rizzo M, Chandalia M, Patti AM, Di Bartolo V, Rizvi AA, Montalto G, Abate N. Liraglutide decreases carotid intima-media thickness in patients with type 2 diabetes: 8-month prospective pilot study. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:49. [PMID: 24559258 PMCID: PMC3948058 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liraglutide, a long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analog, has several non- glycemic properties, but its effect on carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), a recognized marker of subclinical atherosclerosis, is still unknown. METHODS A prospective study of 8 months duration in 64 patients with type-2 diabetes and no prior history of coronary artery disease evaluated whether adding liraglutide to metformin affects carotid IMT, measured by color doppler ultrasound. RESULTS After 8 months, fasting glucose decreased by 2.1 mmol/l and HbA1c by 1.9% (p < 0.01 for all). Liraglutide reduced total-cholesterol and triglycerides by 10%, and LDL-cholesterol by 19%, whereas HDL-cholesterol increased by 18% (p < 0.01 for all lipid changes). Carotid IMT decreased from 1.19 ± 0.47 to 0.94 ± 0.21 mm (p < 0.01). Yet, changes in carotid IMT did not correlate with changes in any other variable studied. CONCLUSIONS Liraglutide decreases carotid IMT after 8 months treatment independently of its effect on plasma glucose and lipids concentrations. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01715428.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manfredi Rizzo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Manisha Chandalia
- Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 8.138 Medical Research Building, 301 University Boulevard, 77555-1060 Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Angelo Maria Patti
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Vittoria Di Bartolo
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Ali A Rizvi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina, USA
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, The University of Texas Medical Branch, 8.138 Medical Research Building, 301 University Boulevard, 77555-1060 Galveston, TX, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Rizvi AA, Nikolic D, Sallam HS, Montalto G, Rizzo M, Abate N. Adipokines and Lipoproteins: Modulation by Antihyperglycemic and Hypolipidemic Agents. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2014; 12:1-10. [DOI: 10.1089/met.2013.0090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ali A. Rizvi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
| | - Dragana Nikolic
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Hanaa S. Sallam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Giuseppe Montalto
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Manfredi Rizzo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
- Biomedical Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology, Palermo, Italy
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Poole A, Tumurbaatar B, Bytautiene E, Vincent K, Tuvdendorj D, Jiang Y, Vargas G, Chandalia M, Motamedi M, Olson G, Abate N. 353: Adipocyte tissue structure and function in patients with gestational diabetes. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.10.386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
26
|
Prudente S, Copetti M, Morini E, Mendonca C, Andreozzi F, Chandalia M, Baratta R, Pellegrini F, Mercuri L, Bailetti D, Abate N, Frittitta L, Sesti G, Florez JC, Doria A, Trischitta V. The SH2B1 obesity locus and abnormal glucose homeostasis: lack of evidence for association from a meta-analysis in individuals of European ancestry. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2013; 23:1043-1049. [PMID: 24103803 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2013.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2013] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is influenced both by environmental and by genetic determinants. Obesity is an important risk factor for T2D, mostly mediated by obesity-related insulin resistance. Obesity and insulin resistance are also modulated by the genetic milieu; thus, genes affecting risk of obesity and insulin resistance might also modulate risk of T2D. Recently, 32 loci have been associated with body mass index (BMI) by genome-wide studies, including one locus on chromosome 16p11 containing the SH2B1 gene. Animal studies have suggested that SH2B1 is a physiological enhancer of the insulin receptor and humans with rare deletions or mutations at SH2B1 are obese with a disproportionately high insulin resistance. Thus, the role of SH2B1 in both obesity and insulin resistance makes it a strong candidate for T2D. However, published data on the role of SH2B1 variability on the risk for T2D are conflicting, ranging from no effect at all to a robust association. METHODS The SH2B1 tag SNP rs4788102 (SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism) was genotyped in 6978 individuals from six studies for abnormal glucose homeostasis (AGH), including impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance or T2D, from the GENetics of Type 2 Diabetes in Italy and the United States (GENIUS T2D) consortium. Data from these studies were then meta-analyzed, in a Bayesian fashion, with those from DIAGRAM+ (n = 47,117) and four other published studies (n = 39,448). RESULTS Variability at the SH2B1 obesity locus was not associated with AGH either in the GENIUS consortium (overall odds ratio (OR) = 0.96; 0.89-1.04) or in the meta-analysis (OR = 1.01; 0.98-1.05). CONCLUSION Our data exclude a role for the SH2B1 obesity locus in the modulation of AGH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Prudente
- IRCSS Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza-Mendel Laboratory, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tuvdendorj D, Chandalia M, Batbayar T, Saraf M, Beysen C, Murphy EJ, Abate N. Altered subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue lipid synthesis in obese, insulin-resistant humans. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2013; 305:E999-E1006. [PMID: 23982159 PMCID: PMC3798696 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00194.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the variability of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (AT) dynamics in obese subjects with a wide range of insulin sensitivity (IS) and the correlation between these two metabolic measures. Ten obese (BMI 30-40 kg/m²) nondiabetic subjects with (n = 6) and without (n = 4) the metabolic syndrome were studied following a 12-wk ²H₂O labeling period. Subcutaneous abdominal AT biopsies were collected. Deuterium incorporation into triglyceride (TG)-glycerol and TG-palmitate were measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry for the calculation of fractional TG synthesis (fTG) and fractional de novo lipogenesis (fDNL). Muscle IS and insulin-mediated nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) suppression (a measure for adipose IS) indexes were derived from the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The ability of subcutaneous abdominal AT to synthesize lipids varied significantly in obese subjects (fTG range 7-28%, fDNL range 1.1-4.6%) with significantly lower values (>35% reduction) for both parameters in obese with the metabolic syndrome. fTG correlated positively with muscle IS (r = 0.64, P = 0.04) and inversely with NEFA suppression during the OGTT (r = -0.69, P = 0.03). These results demonstrate a large variability in subcutaneous abdominal AT lipid turnover in obesity. Moreover, a reduced capacity for subcutaneous abdominal AT fat storage is associated with muscle and adipose tissue insulin resistance as well as with the metabolic syndrome, thus identifying a form of obesity at heightened risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Demidmaa Tuvdendorj
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Institute for Translational Science; University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Obesity is thought to be the driving force for activation of adipose tissue (AT) collagen production and inflammation as well as systemic insulin resistance. The objective of this study was to determine whether these AT abnormalities can be found independent of obesity in the presence of systemic insulin resistance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Thirty-eight normoglycemic men (14 Asian Indians and 24 white) were enrolled in the study and matched for age, body mass index, and total body fat. Subjects underwent anthropometric measurement, total body fat determination by underwater weighing, euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps, and abdominal sc AT biopsy for mRNA extraction and gene expression determination. Fasting blood was collected for adipokine measurements. RESULTS Both groups were matched for age, body mass index, and percentage of total body fat. Subcutaneous abdominal AT mRNA expression was significantly higher for Col6a3 as well as genes associated with inflammation, CD68, MAC1, and MCP1 in Asian Indians compared with whites. Asian Indian men had significantly lower rates of glucose disposal and lower plasma adiponectin concentration. Plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels showed a trend towards higher levels in Asian Indian men. CONCLUSIONS Increased col6a3 and macrophage infiltration in AT along with increased systemic insulin resistance is present independent of body fat content in young Asian Indian men, thus suggesting that AT dysfunction associates with systemic insulin resistance regardless of AT mass.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Munoz
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-1060, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Prudente S, Morini E, Marselli L, Baratta R, Copetti M, Mendonca C, Andreozzi F, Chandalia M, Pellegrini F, Bailetti D, Alberico F, Shah H, Abate N, Sesti G, Frittitta L, Marchetti P, Doria A, Trischitta V. Joint effect of insulin signaling genes on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:E1143-7. [PMID: 23633196 PMCID: PMC6618023 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Reduced insulin signaling in insulin secreting β-cells causes defective insulin secretion and hyperglycemia in mice. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether functional polymorphisms affecting insulin signaling (ie, ENPP1 K121Q, rs1044498; IRS1 G972R, rs1801278; and TRIB3 Q84R, rs2295490) exert a joint effect on insulin secretion and abnormal glucose homeostasis (AGH). DESIGN Insulin secretion was evaluated by 1) the disposition index (DI) from an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in 829 individuals; 2) insulin secretion stimulation index (SI) in islets from nondiabetic donors after glucose (n = 92) or glibenclamide (n = 89) stimulation. AGH (including impaired fasting glucose and/or impaired glucose tolerance or type 2 diabetes; T2D) was evaluated in case-control studies from the GENetics of Type 2 Diabetes in Italy and the United States (GENIUS T2D) Consortium (n = 6607). RESULTS Genotype risk score, obtained by totaling individual weighted risk allele effects, was associated with the following: 1) DI (P = .005); 2) glucose and glibenclamide SI (P = .046 and P = .009); or 3) AGH (odds ratio 1.08, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.13; P = .001). We observed an inverse relationship between genetic effect and age at AGH onset, as indicated by a linear correlation between AGH-genotype risk score odds ratios and age-at-diagnosis cutoffs (R(2) = 0.80, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Functional polymorphisms affecting insulin signaling exert a joint effect on both in vivo and in vitro insulin secretion as well as on early-onset AGH. Our data provide further evidence that abnormal insulin signaling reduces β-cell function and impairs glucose homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Prudente
- Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza-Mendel Laboratory, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Bays HE, Toth PP, Kris-Etherton PM, Abate N, Aronne LJ, Brown WV, Gonzalez-Campoy JM, Jones SR, Kumar R, La Forge R, Samuel VT. Obesity, adiposity, and dyslipidemia: a consensus statement from the National Lipid Association. J Clin Lipidol 2013; 7:304-83. [PMID: 23890517 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacl.2013.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 271] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Revised: 04/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The term "fat" may refer to lipids as well as the cells and tissue that store lipid (ie, adipocytes and adipose tissue). "Lipid" is derived from "lipos," which refers to animal fat or vegetable oil. Adiposity refers to body fat and is derived from "adipo," referring to fat. Adipocytes and adipose tissue store the greatest amount of body lipids, including triglycerides and free cholesterol. Adipocytes and adipose tissue are active from an endocrine and immune standpoint. Adipocyte hypertrophy and excessive adipose tissue accumulation can promote pathogenic adipocyte and adipose tissue effects (adiposopathy), resulting in abnormal levels of circulating lipids, with dyslipidemia being a major atherosclerotic coronary heart disease risk factor. It is therefore incumbent upon lipidologists to be among the most knowledgeable in the understanding of the relationship between excessive body fat and dyslipidemia. On September 16, 2012, the National Lipid Association held a Consensus Conference with the goal of better defining the effect of adiposity on lipoproteins, how the pathos of excessive body fat (adiposopathy) contributes to dyslipidemia, and how therapies such as appropriate nutrition, increased physical activity, weight-management drugs, and bariatric surgery might be expected to impact dyslipidemia. It is hoped that the information derived from these proceedings will promote a greater appreciation among clinicians of the impact of excess adiposity and its treatment on dyslipidemia and prompt more research on the effects of interventions for improving dyslipidemia and reducing cardiovascular disease risk in overweight and obese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harold E Bays
- Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, 3288 Illinois Avenue, Louisville, KY 40213, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Vargas G, Chandalia M, Jiang Y, Davila H, Motamedi M, Abate N. Heterogeneity in subcutaneous adipose tissue morphology and metabolic complications in overweight and obese women. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2013; 11:276-82. [PMID: 23621112 DOI: 10.1089/met.2013.0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess morphological features of intact adipose tissue (AT) ex vivo from both subcutaneous (s.c.) abdominal and gluteal areas using a novel approach of multiphoton autofluorescence microscopy (MPAM) combined with second harmonic generation microscopy (SHGM), and to assess the relationship between morphological features in the two AT sites and insulin resistance to peripheral glucose disposal. METHOD This study was a cross-sectional evaluation of AT morphology feature and peripheral insulin resistance. SUBJECTS Fourteen overweight/obese premenopausal women underwent body composition studies, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, and needle biopsy of both the s.c. abdominal and gluteal AT areas. MPAM combined with SHGM was used to measure adipocyte maximal diameter and collagen fiber bundle thickness within a sampled image volume after three-dimensional visualization. RESULTS Higher body mass index (BMI) was associated with larger adipocyte diameter in s.c. abdominal, but not gluteal, AT. Higher adipocyte diameter was associated with higher pericellular collagen thickness. Adipocyte diameter in s.c. abdominal, but not gluteal, AT was associated positively with leptin and negatively with adiponectin plasma levels and peripheral glucose disposal rate. The latter correlation was no longer significant after adjustment for collagen thickness. CONCLUSION In overweight/obese premenopausal women, larger adipocyte diameter in s.c. abdominal, but not gluteal, AT associates with low plasma adiponectin and systemic insulin resistance, and suggests that increased collagen thickness (obesity-related scarring) could contribute to these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gracie Vargas
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Saraf MK, Choudhary S, Chandalia M, Abate N. Effect of ER stress in Collagen 6A3 and ATF3 expression in adipocytes. FASEB J 2013. [DOI: 10.1096/fasebj.27.1_supplement.1169.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Saraf
- Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX
- Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX
| | | | | | - Nicola Abate
- Internal MedicineUniversity of Texas Medical BranchGalvestonTX
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kalanderian A, Abate N, Patrikeev I, Wei J, Vincent KL, Motamedi M, Saade GR, Bytautiene E. Pioglitazone therapy in mouse offspring exposed to maternal obesity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 208:308.e1-7. [PMID: 23313309 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 01/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Pioglitazone (PIO), an antidiabetic drug of the thiazolidinedione family, improves glucose and lipid metabolism in muscle, adipose, and liver tissues via peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation. We hypothesize that PIO therapy will improve the metabolic status of offspring exposed to maternal obesity in a mouse model developmentally programmed for metabolic syndrome. STUDY DESIGN CD-1 female mice were fed a high-fat diet for 3 months prior to breeding and throughout pregnancy and lactation. The pups were weaned to a standard-fat diet. Offspring were randomly assigned to receive 40 mg/kg of PIO in 0.5% of methyl cellulose or 0.5% methyl cellulose by daily oral gavage for 2 weeks. The pre- and posttreatment total body weights of the pups were recorded. Visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue were evaluated using microcomputed tomography. Serum analytes were measured. After treatment, minimally invasive microendoscopic fluorescence confocal imaging and intraperitoneal glucose tolerance tests were performed. The data were analyzed using appropriate statistical tests (significance, P < .05). RESULTS PIO therapy resulted in lower total body weight and lower visceral adipose tissue gain and increased subcutaneous adipose tissue. PIO significantly lowered triglycerides, insulin levels, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in males and fasting glucose in females. There was a trend toward larger adipocyte size. CONCLUSION Short-term PIO therapy in the offspring of obese mothers attenuates metabolic changes associated with the developmental programming of metabolic syndrome. These novel data suggest a potential role for drugs that activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma receptors to prevent metabolic syndrome in the adult offspring at risk to develop metabolic alterations.
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
Burden of obesity has increased significantly in the United States over last few decades. Association of obesity with insulin resistance and related cardiometabolic problems is well established. Traditionally, adipose tissue in visceral fat depot has been considered a major culprit in development of insulin resistance. However, growing body of the literature has suggested that adipose tissue in subcutaneous fat depot, not only due to larger volume but also due to inherent functional characteristics, can have significant impact on development of insulin resistance. There are significant differences in functional characteristics of subcutaneous abdominal/truncal versus gluteofemoral depots. Decreased capacity for adipocyte differentiation and angiogenesis along with adipocyte hypertrophy can trigger vicious cycle of inflammation in subcutaneous adipose tissue and subsequent ectopic fat deposition. It is important to shift focus from fat content to functional heterogeneity in adipose tissue depots to better understand the relative role of subcutaneous adipose tissue in metabolic complications of obesity. Therapeutic lifestyle change continues to be the most important intervention in clinical practice at any level of increased adiposity. Future pharmaceutical interventions aimed at improving adipose tissue function in various subcutaneous depots have potential to help maintain adequate insulin sensitivity and reduce risk for development of insulin resistance complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavankumar Patel
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Institute for Translational Science (ITS), University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-1060, USA
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Institute for Translational Science (ITS), University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555-1060, USA
- *Nicola Abate:
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Abate
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1060, USA
- *Nicola Abate:
| | - Anne E. Sumner
- Clinical Endocrinology Branch, National Institute of Diabetes, Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1612, USA
| | - Manisha S. Chandalia
- University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555-1060, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Chandalia M, Davila H, Pan W, Szuszkiewicz M, Tuvdendorj D, Livingston EH, Abate N. Adipose tissue dysfunction in humans: a potential role for the transmembrane protein ENPP1. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2012; 97:4663-72. [PMID: 23012391 PMCID: PMC3513530 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adipose tissue (AT) helps to regulate body fat partitioning and systemic lipid/glucose metabolism. We have recently reported lipid/glucose metabolism abnormalities and increased liver triglyceride content in an AT-selective transgenic model overexpressing ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 (ENPP1), the AdiposeENPP1-Tg mouse. OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to test the translational hypothesis that AT-ENPP1 overexpression associates with AT dysfunction (changes in AT gene expression, plasma fatty acid, and adipokine levels), increased liver triglyceride deposition, and systemic insulin resistance in humans. DESIGN/SETTING/PARTICIPANTS A total of 134 young normoglycemic men and women were subjected to body composition studies, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps, and AT needle biopsy. Twenty men also had liver/muscle nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Predetermined measures included AT expression of ENPP1 and other lipid metabolism/inflammation genes, plasma adipokines, and nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) levels, liver/muscle triglyceride content, and the systemic glucose disposal rate. RESULTS After statistical adjustment for body fat content, increasing AT-ENPP1 was associated with up-regulation of genes involved in NEFA metabolism and inflammation, increased postabsorptive NEFA levels, decreased plasma adiponectin, increased liver triglyceride content, and systemic insulin resistance in men. In women, there were no changes in plasma adiponectin, NEFAs, or glucose disposal rate associated with increasing AT-ENPP1, despite increased expression of lipid metabolism and inflammation genes in AT. CONCLUSIONS Increased AT-ENPP1 is associated with AT dysfunction, increased liver triglyceride deposition, and systemic insulin resistance in young normoglycemic men. These findings are concordant with the AdiposeENPP1-Tg phenotype and identify a potential target of therapy for health complications of AT dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Chandalia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas 77555-1060, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Abstract
Adiposopathy is defined as pathological adipose tissue function that may be promoted and exacerbated by fat accumulation (adiposity) and sedentary lifestyle in genetically susceptible patients. Adiposopathy is a root cause of some of the most common metabolic diseases observed in clinical practice, including Type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia. The most common term for the metabolic consequences of adiposopathy is currently 'the metabolic syndrome'. Drug usage to treat the metabolic syndrome has focused on the safety and efficacy of treatments directed towards individual components of the metabolic syndrome, and not so much upon adiposopathy itself. However, enough is known about the pathophysiology of adiposopathy to propose diagnostic criteria. Regulatory issues are important obstacles to the research and development of new drug treatments for the metabolic syndrome. It is hoped that these obstacles can, to some extent, be addressed and overcome by clearly defining and increasing our understanding of adiposopathy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Harold Bays
- L-MARC Research Center , Louisville KY, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
|
39
|
Szuszkiewicz-Garcia M, Li R, Grundy SM, Abate N, Chandalia M. Fat distribution and insulin resistance in young adult nonobese Asian Indian women. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2012; 10:326-30. [PMID: 22746275 DOI: 10.1089/met.2012.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although Asian Indian (people of Indian subcontinent descent) men are shown to have higher total and truncal body fat as well as greater insulin resistance compared to white men matched for total body fat and age, data in women are not conclusive. The objective of this study was to compare total and regional fat distribution and insulin sensitivity between healthy young premenopausal Asian Indian and white women of similar body mass index (BMI). Twenty Asian Indian women (65% immigrants and 35% first generation living in Dallas) and 31 white women of similar age and BMI [age 24±3 vs. 25±4; BMI 22±4 vs. 23±5; mean±standard deviation (SD) in Asian Indian and white, respectively] without diabetes were evaluated with anthropometric measurements, underwater weighing for percentage of total body fat mass, magnetic resonance imaging of whole abdomen for measurement of abdominal subcutaneous and intraperitoneal fat mass, and euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp study for measurement of insulin sensitivity. There were no differences in waist or hip circumference, total body subcutaneous abdominal or intraperitoneal fat mass, fasting plasma glucose, and insulin levels between Asian Indian women and white women. The peripheral glucose disposal rate (Rd) during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was found to be almost identical in the two study groups (median value of 6.9 and 6.8 mg/min per kg of body weight, for Asian Indians and whites, respectively). For similar total or regional fat content, the glucose disposal rate was comparable in the two study groups. In conclusion, we demonstrate that young Asian Indian women do not have excess abdominal or intraperitoneal fat or insulin resistance for similar BMI compared to white women of European descent.
Collapse
|
40
|
|
41
|
Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stark Diabetes Center, Institute for Translational Science (ITS), The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Manisha Chandalia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stark Diabetes Center, Institute for Translational Science (ITS), The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicola Abate
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Stark Diabetes Center, Institute for Translational Science (ITS), The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Texas, USA
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Bytautiene E, Banerjee D, Kechichian T, Yin H, Sbrana E, Tamayo E, Abate N, Saade GR. 192: Adipose tissue dysfunction in a model of developmental programming of metabolic syndrome. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.10.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
43
|
Kalanderian A, Abate N, Patrikeev I, Longo M, Motamedi M, Saade GR, Bytautiene E. 71: Pioglitazone therapy in offspring exposed to maternal obesity. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.10.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
|
44
|
Abstract
Ectonucleotide pyrophosphate phosphodiesterase (ENPP1) has been shown to negatively modulate insulin receptor and to induce cellular insulin resistance when overexpressed in various cell types. Systemic insulin resistance has also been observed when ENPP1 is overexpressed in multiple tissues of transgenic models and attributed largely to tissue insulin resistance induced in skeletal muscle and liver. Another key tissue in regulating glucose and lipid metabolism is adipose tissue (AT). Interestingly, obese patients with insulin resistance have been reported to have increased AT ENPP1 expression. However, the specific effects of ENPP1 in AT have not been studied. To better understand the specific role of AT ENPP1 on systemic metabolism, we have created a transgenic mouse model (C57/Bl6 background) with targeted overexpression of human ENPP1 in adipocytes, using aP2 promoter in the transgene construct (AdiposeENPP1-TG). Using either regular chow or pair-feeding protocol with 60% fat diet, we compared body fat content and distribution and insulin signaling in adipose, muscle, and liver tissues of AdiposeENPP1-TG and wild-type (WT) siblings. We also compared response to intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT). Our results show no changes in Adipose ENPP1-TG mice fed a regular chow diet. After high-fat diet with pair-feeding protocol, AdiposeENPP1-TG and WT mice had similar weights. However, AdiposeENPP1-TG mice developed fatty liver in association with changes in AT characterized by smaller adipocyte size and decreased phosphorylation of insulin receptor Tyr(1361) and Akt Ser(473). These changes in AT function and fat distribution were associated with systemic abnormalities of lipid and glucose metabolism, including increased plasma concentrations of fatty acid, triglyceride, plasma glucose, and insulin during IPGTT and decreased glucose suppression during ITT. Thus, our results show that, in the presence of a high-fat diet, ENPP1 overexpression in adipocytes induces fatty liver, hyperlipidemia, and dysglycemia, thus recapitulating key manifestations of the metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wentong Pan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-1060, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Szuszkiewicz M, Bell J, Vazquez M, Adams-Huet B, Grundy SM, Chandalia M, Abate N. ENPP1/PC-1 K121Q and other predictors of posttransplant diabetes. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 9:25-9. [PMID: 20958205 DOI: 10.1089/met.2010.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among transplanted patients. This study evaluated the role of the ENPP1 K121Q polymorphism and other variables known to affect diabetes risk in 115 nondiabetic and unrelated patients who underwent kidney transplant at our institution and had consented for use of genetic material (30% whites, 48% blacks, and 22% Hispanics). Thirty-six of these patients (30%) developed posttransplant diabetes mellitus (PTDM) within 1 year of observation from transplant. Black race, ENPP1 K121Q polymorphism, age, body mass index (BMI), and immunosuppressive medications were found to have the strongest associations with PTDM in the logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analysis. However, because ENPP1 K121Q is more common in Hispanics and in blacks, who also have higher PTDM prevalence, the studied genetic polymorphism did not exert independent predictive effect, whereas ethnicity, specifically black versus non-black, was the most robust predictor of PTDM. The model with the largest ROC area under the curve (AUC) of 0.80 was comprised of black/non-black, age, BMI, and tacrolimus treatment as significant predictors. A reduced model containing only ethnicity (black/non-black) and age as predictors yielded similar results (ROC AUC 0.78). We conclude that black race and age are major and not modifiable risk factors for PTDM. The specific role of ENPP1 K121Q on ethnic susceptibility to PTDM deserves further investigation in larger cohorts of transplanted patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalene Szuszkiewicz
- The Center for Human Nutrition, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Abate
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| | - Manisha Chandalia
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Polis AB, Abate N, Catapano AL, Ballantyne CM, Davidson MH, Smugar SS, Tershakovec AM. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol reduction and goal achievement with ezetimibe/simvastatin versus atorvastatin or rosuvastatin in patients with diabetes, metabolic syndrome, or neither disease, stratified by National Cholesterol Education Program risk category. Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2010; 7:601-10. [PMID: 19929597 DOI: 10.1089/met.2009.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and metabolic syndrome are at increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). Studies have shown differential statin efficacy on low-density lipid cholesterol (LDL-C) by CHD risk strata. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the consistency of effect with ezetimibe/simvastatin (E/S) combination therapy, atorvastatin, or rosuvastatin in patients with DM, metabolic syndrome, or neither condition (No DM/metabolic syndrome), stratified by the National Cholesterol Education Panel Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) CHD risk group. METHODS Post hoc analyses of 2 multicenter, double-blind, randomized, 6-week studies comparing E/S 10/10, 10/20, 10/40, or 10/80 mg with either atorvastatin 10, 20, 40, or 80 mg, or rosuvastatin 10, 20, or 40 mg. Treatments were compared by pooling across all doses for LDL-C reduction and NCEP LDL-C goal attainment in patients with DM, metabolic syndrome without DM, or No DM/metabolic syndrome across NCEP CHD risk strata. RESULTS NCEP LDL-C goal attainment was lowest in the high-risk group with atherosclerotic vascular disease (12-64%) and greatest in the moderate and low-risk groups (84-100%). In contrast, LDL-C reduction was generally similar irrespective of disease or risk subgroup. All treatments were generally well tolerated, with overall similar safety regardless of disease and risk level. CONCLUSIONS In these studies, CHD risk strata were inversely related to the likelihood of attaining NCEP LDL-C goals, but did not appear to affect the percentage LDL-C change from baseline. This demonstrates the need for especially aggressive cholesterol lowering necessary to reach the lower LDL-C goal for high-risk patients.
Collapse
|
48
|
Di Paola R, Wojcik J, Succurro E, Marucci A, Chandalia M, Padovano L, Powers C, Merla G, Abate N, Sesti G, Doria A, Trischitta V. GRB10 gene and type 2 diabetes in Whites. J Intern Med 2010; 267:132-3. [PMID: 19818100 PMCID: PMC2952355 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2796.2009.02089.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Paola
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Correspondence to: Rosa Di Paola, Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Poliambulatorio Giovanni Paolo II, Viale Padre Pio, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. Telephone: +39 0882 416276, Fax: + 39 0882 416266. , or Vincenzo Trischitta, Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Poliambulatorio Giovanni Paolo II, Viale Padre Pio, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| | - Joanna Wojcik
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Elena Succurro
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonella Marucci
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Manisha Chandalia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Libera Padovano
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | | | - Giuseppe Merla
- Medical Genetics Unit, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Nicola Abate
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston
| | - Giorgio Sesti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alessandro Doria
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Boston, MA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Vincenzo Trischitta
- Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
- Department of Medical Pathophysiology, “Sapienza” University, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS CSS-Mendel, Rome, Italy
- Correspondence to: Rosa Di Paola, Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Poliambulatorio Giovanni Paolo II, Viale Padre Pio, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. Telephone: +39 0882 416276, Fax: + 39 0882 416266. , or Vincenzo Trischitta, Research Unit of Diabetes and Endocrine Diseases, Scientific Institute “Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza”, Poliambulatorio Giovanni Paolo II, Viale Padre Pio, 71013 San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Morini E, Prudente S, Succurro E, Chandalia M, Zhang YY, Mammarella S, Pellegrini F, Powers C, Proto V, Dallapiccola B, Cama A, Sesti G, Abate N, Doria A, Trischitta V. IRS1 G972R polymorphism and type 2 diabetes: a paradigm for the difficult ascertainment of the contribution to disease susceptibility of 'low-frequency-low-risk' variants. Diabetologia 2009; 52:1852-7. [PMID: 19557384 PMCID: PMC2782547 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1426-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Accepted: 05/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The aim of the study was to determine the association between IRS1 G972R polymorphism and type 2 diabetes; published data concerning this association have been conflicting. To obtain further insight into this topic, we performed a meta-analysis of all available case-control studies. METHODS We performed a meta-analysis of 32 studies (12,076 cases and 11,285 controls). RESULTS The relatively infrequent R972 variant was not significantly associated with type 2 diabetes (OR 1.09, 95% CI 0.96-1.23, p = 0.184 under a dominant model). Some evidence of heterogeneity was observed across studies (p = 0.1). In the 14 studies (9,713 individuals) in which the mean age at type 2 diabetes diagnosis was available, this variable explained 52% of the heterogeneity (p = 0.03). When these studies were subdivided into tertiles of mean age at diagnosis, the OR for diabetes was 1.48 (95% CI 1.17-1.87), 1.22 (95% CI 0.97-1.53) and 0.88 (95% CI 0.68-1.13) in the youngest, intermediate and oldest tertile, respectively (p = 0.0022 for trend of ORs). CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Our findings illustrate the difficulties of ascertaining the contribution of 'low-frequency-low-risk' variants to type 2 diabetes susceptibility. In the specific context of the R972 variant, approximately 200,000 study individuals would be needed to have 80% power to identify a 9% increase in diabetes risk at a genome-wide significance level. Under these circumstances, a strategy aimed at improving outcome definition and decreasing its heterogeneity may critically enhance our ability to detect genetic effects, thereby decreasing the required sample size. Our data suggest that focusing on early-onset diabetes, which is characterised by a stronger genetic background, may be part of such a strategy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Morini
- IRCCS, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza-Mendel Institute, Viale Regina Margherita 261, Postal Code 00198, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chandalia M, Abate N. The challenge of coronary heart disease in South Asians who have migrated to Europe and the United States. Curr Cardio Risk Rep 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s12170-009-0027-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|