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Abstract
SummaryA non-homogeneous Markov chain model is proposed for diseases involving several pathological states. An estimator of the probability of being in a given state at a given time is presented together with an estimator of its variance. A method combining the Mantel-Haenszel and the sum of χ2 procedures enables us to test-whether two groups can be described by the same non-homogeneous Markov chain. Failure time data can be described by a system with two states, one being absorbing. In this case the proposed estimator reduces itself to the actuarial estimator and the test method to the logrank test. Applied to epilepsy this method is a useful tool for analysing the history of children suffering from typical absences (TA) and who can experience other forms of the disease such as grand mal (GM) and remission of TA or GM.
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Cerebral and Functional Aging: First Results on Prevalence and Incidence of the Paquid Cohort. Methods Inf Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1634916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Abstract:Paquid is an interdisciplinary study designed to investigate cerebral and functional aging. A cohort of 3,777 community residents living in two administrative areas of South-Western France was selected. A standardized questionnaire was administered at home by trained psychologists. The same procedure was applied one and three years after the baseline data collection. The identification of demented subjects was made with a two-step procedure. The first step is a systematic screening by the psychologists using the DSM-III criteria for dementia. Subjects who fulfilled the DSM-III criteria were examined by a neurologist. Diagnosis of dementia is confirmed according to the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. The Paquid cohort is complemented by a random sample of 357 institutionalized subjects. First results of prevalence and incidence rates show an exponential increase of dementia with age.
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Multidisciplinary care management has a positive effect on paediatric obesity and social and individual factors are associated with better outcomes. Acta Paediatr 2016; 105:e536-e542. [PMID: 27564716 DOI: 10.1111/apa.13560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The RePPOP Aquitaine network, which was established in south-west France to prevent and treat paediatric obesity, has developed a multidisciplinary approach based on multicomponent lifestyle interventions and family-based actions. This study assessed the impact of its care management programme and investigated the factors associated with better outcomes. METHODS The impact of the RePPOP care management programme was assessed by changes in the body mass index (BMI) Z score, between baseline and the end-of-care management. We focused on 982 overweight or obese children (59.9% girls) with a mean age of 10.64 years and a range of 2.4-17.9 years. A multivariate analysis examined the independent factors associated with better outcomes. RESULTS At the end-of-care management programme, 75.5% of children had decreased their BMI Z score. Initial characteristics significantly associated with better outcomes were as follows: the age at baseline between five years and 15 years of age, playing sport at a club, being followed up by RePPOP for longer than 10 months, no parental obesity and no academic difficulties. CONCLUSION This study confirmed that multidisciplinary treatment had a significant positive effect on paediatric obesity and that social and individual factors affected the efficiency of the care management.
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Is skin autofluorescence a marker of metabolic memory in pregnant women with diabetes? Diabet Med 2015; 32:1575-9. [PMID: 25981634 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To determine whether skin autofluorescence can help to detect those who have previously had abnormal glucose levels among women referred for diabetes during pregnancy. METHODS Using an advanced glycation end product reader (AGE Reader(tm) (;) DiagnOptics BV, Groningen, the Netherlands), we measured forearm skin autofluorescence at 24-30 weeks of gestation in all women who were referred to our Nutrition Diabetology unit for diabetes during pregnancy. RESULTS The study included 230 women (200 with gestational diabetes and 30 with pre-gestational diabetes, of whom 21 had Type 1 and nine had Type 2 diabetes) and a reference group of 22 normoglycaemic non-pregnant women. Skin autofluorescence was significantly higher in women with pre-gestational diabetes (1.97 ± 0.44 arbitary units) compared with gestational diabetes (1.77 ± 0.32 arbitary units; P = 0.003) and lower in the reference group (1.60 ± 0.32 arbitary units; P = 0.009 vs all pregnant women). Among women with gestational diabetes, 71 had a history of hyperglycaemia (i.e. gestational diabetes or macrosomia in a previous pregnancy or discovery of diabetes before 24th gestational week in the present pregnancy). These women had higher levels of skin autofluorescence (1.83 ± 0.35 arbitary units) than women with gestational diabetes without previous history of hyperglycaemia (1.73 ± 0.30 arbitary units; P = 0.04, non-significant, adjusted for age). Skin autofluorescence increased with the number of criteria present for previous hyperglycaemia (P for trend = 0.008) and was significantly associated with having two or three criteria for hyperglycaemia after adjusting for age (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Skin autofluorescence could reflect previous long-term hyperglycaemia in pregnant women, and could therefore be a marker of metabolic memory.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Biomarkers/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/metabolism
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/blood
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism
- Diabetes, Gestational/blood
- Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology
- Diabetes, Gestational/metabolism
- Female
- Fluorescence
- Forearm
- France/epidemiology
- Fructosamine/blood
- Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis
- Glycation End Products, Advanced/metabolism
- Humans
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Trimester, Second
- Pregnancy Trimester, Third
- Pregnancy in Diabetics/blood
- Pregnancy in Diabetics/metabolism
- Recurrence
- Risk
- Skin/metabolism
- Spectrometry, Fluorescence
- Up-Regulation
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Poor nutritional status is associated with a higher risk of falling and fracture in elderly people living at home in France: the Three-City cohort study. Osteoporos Int 2015; 26:2157-64. [PMID: 25862356 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-015-3121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2014] [Accepted: 03/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Falling and fractures are a public health problem in elderly people. The aim of our study was to investigate whether nutritional status is associated with the risk of falling or fracture in community-dwelling elderly. Poor nutritional status was significantly associated with a higher risk of both falling and fractures. INTRODUCTION Nutrition could play a role to prevent falls and fractures. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether a poor nutritional status is associated with the risk of falling and of fracture in community dwelling elderly. METHODS Baseline nutritional status of participants was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). After a follow-up of 12 years, 6040 individuals with available data for falls and 6839 for fracture were included. People who presented the outcomes at baseline were excluded. Cox models were used to evaluate the associations between nutritional status and the risks of fall or fracture. RESULTS The frequency of poor nutritional status (MNA ≤ 23.5), at baseline, was respectively 12.0% in the "fall study sample" and 12.8% in the "fracture study sample." Incident fall and fracture over 12 years were reported in 55.8 and 18.5% of the respective samples, respectively. In multivariate models controlled for sociodemographic data and several baseline health indicators, poor nutritional status was significantly associated with a higher risk of falling (hazard ratio (HR) = 1.66, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.35-2.04 in men and HR = 1.20, 95% CI 1.07-1.34 in women) and with a higher risk of fracture (HR = 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.49). CONCLUSION Poor nutritional status was associated with a higher risk of both falling and fractures in French elderly community-dwellers. Early screening and management of the nutritional status may be useful to reduce the frequency of these events in older people.
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P-490 – Prise en charge obésité pédiatrique et facteurs prédictifs de succès. Arch Pediatr 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0929-693x(15)30666-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Association of advanced glycation end products and chronic kidney disease with macroangiopathy in type 2 diabetes. J Diabetes Complications 2015; 29:270-4. [PMID: 25468311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2014] [Revised: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), may explain the major contribution of chronic kidney disease (CKD) to cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) related to their impaired renal function. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with AGE assessed by skin autofluorescence and their association with macroangiopathy in T2D. METHODS We measured skin autofluorescence in patients hospitalized for T2D. Glomerular filtration rates were estimated (eGFR) by the EPI-CKD formula. Associations between skin autofluorescence, renal function and macroangiopathy were explored by multivariate analyses adjusting for diabetes duration and control. RESULTS The 418 patients had T2D since 13.3 (SD 9.8) years on average, high mean HbA1C: 8.9%, (SD 1.8), (74 mmol/mol, (SD 15)) and often renal complications (49.4% with CKD). Their mean skin autofluorescence was 2.53 (SD 0.62) A.U. In multivariate linear regression, skin autofluorescence was significantly associated with age (+0.20 for ten more years, p<0.0001), renal insufficiency (-0.07 for less 10 mL/min/1.73 m² eGFR, p<0.0001) and smoking (+0.21, p=0.0004). Autofluorescence (p=0.01), but not CKD, was associated with macroangiopathy independent of diabetes duration and control. CONCLUSIONS Accumulation of AGEs is independently associated with renal insufficiency and macroangiopathy in patients with T2D.
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O34: Profils alimentaires identifiés par une méthode en cluster associés au statut nutritionnel. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of the change in practice of leisure and social activities with dementia risk taking into account the evolution of cognitive performances. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS From the PAQUID prospective cohort re-examined every 2 years until the 20-year follow-up since 1988, 1461 subjects were seen at 10th year of follow-up. Engagement in 10 leisure and social activities was collected at baseline and at the 10-year follow-up visit for 805 subjects. Four categories of change in activity engagement were considered: subjects who remained active; remained inactive; became inactive and became active. Adjustment on confounders (age, gender, educational level, diabetes, stroke and depression) and rate of evolution of cognitive performances was made with the multivariate Cox proportional hazards model. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Time to incident cases of dementia occurring between the 10th and the 20th year of follow-up. RESULTS A total of 258 incident dementia cases were documented. The risk of dementia was lower for subjects remaining or becoming active (cumulative risk of dementia: 30%) compared to those remaining or becoming inactive (52% and 42%, respectively) (p<0.0001). Multivariate adjustment including rate of cognitive decline during the first decade of FU did not change these relationships. CONCLUSION This prospective cohort study suggests a significant association between change in leisure and social activities during old age and risk of dementia.
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P234: L’autofluorescence cutanée des produits de glycation avancés : marqueur de mémoire métabolique chez les personnes âgées. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70876-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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P232: Statut nutritionnel et incidence des incapacités des sujets âgés vivant à domicile : étude des 3 Cités. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70874-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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O4.23: Nutritional status and incidence of fall and fracture in elderly people living at home in France: the 3C cohort study. Eur Geriatr Med 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-7649(14)70176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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PP217-SUN: Unhealthy Dietary Patterns are Associated with Poor Nutritional Status: A Population-Based Study. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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PP220-SUN: Low AU to the Mediterranean Diet and Poor Nutritional Status: A Population-Based Study. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50262-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Nutrition and brain aging: how can we move ahead? Eur J Clin Nutr 2014; 68:1245-9. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2014.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Vitamin K Antagonists and Cognitive Impairment: Results From a Cross-Sectional Pilot Study Among Geriatric Patients. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2014; 70:97-101. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glu133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe the sequence of basic activities of daily living (ADL) loss to determine whether there is a hierarchical structure of ADL in dementia in two epidemiological prospective studies: the Paquid study and the Three City Study (3C). DESIGN Two prospective population-based cohort studies: Paquid (over 22 years of follow-up) and 3C (over 10 years of follow-up). SETTING Paquid Study, Gironde, Dordogne, France; The Three Cities Study, Bordeaux, Montpellier, Dijon, France. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES We analyzed four ADL of the Katz scale: bathing, dressing, transferring and feeding. The a priori hierarchical relationship of the 4 activities tested was 1) no ADL-disability at all four activities; 2) moderate ADL-disability, or disability at bathing and/or dressing (and no disability in transferring nor feeding); and 3) severe ADL-disability, or disability in bathing and/or dressing and transferring and/or feeding. We performed a Guttman scale analysis to establish the hierarchical properties scale. RESULTS In total, 845 incident cases of dementia were included, among which 838 cases (99.2%) were without any missing data for ADL. Upon diagnosis of dementia, 564 subjects (67.3%) had no ADL-disability, 236 (26.2%) had moderate ADL-disability, and 38 subjects (4.5%) had severe disability. The a priori hierarchy was respected with non-discordance. CONCLUSION We defined 3 simple relevant stages of ADL functional decline in dementia that would be easy to collect in clinical practice: stage 1, subjects with no major ADL disabilities; stage 2, subjects with complete disability in bathing and/or dressing; and stage 3, subjects with complete disability in all 4 tasks.
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Factors associated with poor nutritional status among community dwelling Lebanese elderly subjects living in rural areas: results of the AMEL study. J Nutr Health Aging 2014; 18:487-94. [PMID: 24886735 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to assess the nutritional status, measured by MNA, and its association with socio-demographic indicators and health related characteristics of a representative sample of community dwelling elderly subjects. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community dwelling elderly individuals living in rural communities in Lebanon. PARTICIPANTS 1200 elderly individuals aged 65 years or more. MEASUREMENTS Socio-demographic indicators and health related characteristics were recorded during a standardized interview. Nutritional status was assessed through Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA). The 5-item GDS score and the WHO-5-A score were used to assess mood, whereas Mini Mental Status (MMS) was applied to evaluate cognitive status. RESULTS The prevalence of malnutrition and risk of malnutrition was 8.0% respective 29.1% of the study sample. Malnutrition was significantly more frequent in elderly subjects aged more than 85 years, in females, widowed and illiterate people. Moreover, participants who reported lower financial status were more often malnourished or at risk of malnutrition. Regarding health status, poor nutritional status was more common among those reporting more than three chronic diseases, taking more than three drugs daily, suffering from chronic pain and those who had worse oral health status. Also, depressive disorders and cognitive dysfunction were significantly related to malnutrition. After multivariate analysis following variables remained independently associated to malnutrition: living in the governorate of Nabatieh (ORa 2.30, 95% CI 1.35 -3.93), reporting higher income (ORa 0.77, 95% CI 0.61-0.97), higher number of comorbidities (ORa 1.22, 95% CI 1.12-1.32), chronic pain (ORa 1.72, 95% CI 1.24-2.39), and depressive disorders (ORa 1.66, 95% CI 1.47-1.88). On the other hand, better cognitive functioning was strongly associated with decreased nutritional risk (ORa 0.27, 95%CI 0.17-0.43). CONCLUSION Our results highlighted the close relationship between health status and malnutrition. The identification of potential predictive factors may allow better prevention and management of malnutrition in elderly people.
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Erratum to: Dyspnea: A Strong Independent Factor for Long-Term Mortality in the Elderly. J Nutr Health Aging 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s12603-014-0024-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Adherence to a Mediterranean diet and risk of fractures in French older persons. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:3031-41. [PMID: 23783645 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-013-2421-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Accepted: 06/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Prevention of fractures is a considerable public health challenge. In a population-based cohort of French elderly people, a diet closer to a Mediterranean type had a borderline significant deleterious effect on the risk of fractures, in part linked to a low consumption of dairy products and a high consumption of fruits. INTRODUCTION Higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) is linked to a lower risk of several chronic diseases, but its association with the risk of fractures is unclear. Our aim was to investigate the association between MeDi adherence and the risk of fractures in older persons. METHODS The sample consisted of 1,482 individuals aged 67 years or older, from Bordeaux, France, included in the Three-City Study in 2001-2002. Occurrences of hip, vertebral and wrist fractures were self-reported every 2 years over 8 years, and 155 incident fractures were recorded. Adherence to the MeDi was evaluated at baseline by a MeDi score, on a 10-point scale based on a food frequency questionnaire and a 24-h recall. Multivariate Cox regression tests were performed to estimate the risk of fractures according to MeDi adherence. RESULTS Higher MeDi adherence was associated with a non-significant increased risk of fractures at any site (hazard ratio [HR] per 1-point increase of MeDi score = 1.10, P = 0.08) in fully adjusted model. Among MeDi components, higher fruits consumption (>2 servings/day) was significantly associated with an increased risk of hip fractures (HR = 1.95, P = 0.04), while low intake of dairy products was associated with a doubled risk of wrist fractures (HR = 2.03, P = 0.007). An inverse U-shaped association between alcohol intake and risk of total fracture was observed (HR high vs. moderate = 0.61, P for trend = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Greater MeDi adherence was not associated with a decreased risk of fractures in French older persons. The widely recognized beneficial effects of the MeDi do not seem to apply to bone health in these people.
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Meta-analysis of 74,046 individuals identifies 11 new susceptibility loci for Alzheimer's disease. Nat Genet 2013; 45:1452-8. [PMID: 24162737 PMCID: PMC3896259 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2947] [Impact Index Per Article: 267.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 09/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Eleven susceptibility loci for late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) were identified by previous studies; however, a large portion of the genetic risk for this disease remains unexplained. We conducted a large, two-stage meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in individuals of European ancestry. In stage 1, we used genotyped and imputed data (7,055,881 SNPs) to perform meta-analysis on 4 previously published GWAS data sets consisting of 17,008 Alzheimer's disease cases and 37,154 controls. In stage 2, 11,632 SNPs were genotyped and tested for association in an independent set of 8,572 Alzheimer's disease cases and 11,312 controls. In addition to the APOE locus (encoding apolipoprotein E), 19 loci reached genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10(-8)) in the combined stage 1 and stage 2 analysis, of which 11 are newly associated with Alzheimer's disease.
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P083 Autofluorescence cutanée : un marqueur de la mémoire métabolique chez les patientes enceintes diabétiques. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70415-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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P086 Étude des facteurs prédictifs de l’évolution de l’autofluorescence cutanée chez l’enfant diabétique de type 1. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70418-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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P188 Statut nutritionnel et incidence de la démence chez des sujets âgés vivant à domicile. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70519-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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P191 Acides gras plasmatiques et évolution de la vitesse de marche des sujets âgés : résultats de l’étude 3-Cités, Bordeaux. NUTR CLIN METAB 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(13)70522-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Acides gras plasmatiques et vitesse de marche des sujets âgés : résultats de l’étude Trois-Cités, Bordeaux, France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Devenir nonagénaire : facteurs associés à la survie jusqu’à l’âge de 90ans chez des septuagénaires de la cohorte prospective PAQUID. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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Régime méditerranéen et risque de fractures chez les sujets âgés : résultats de l’étude trois-Cités, Bordeaux, France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Stabilisation du surpoids et amélioration des habitudes alimentaires chez les enfants de sept à dix ans, Aquitaine, France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
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Impact d’un projet d’amélioration de l’offre alimentaire dans des collèges et lycées, Aquitaine, France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Hypercholestérolémie et atrophie du lobe médio-temporal à l’imagerie par résonance magnétique chez le sujet âgé. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2013.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
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OP033 NUTRITIONAL STATUS AND INCIDENCE OF DEMENTIA IN ELDERLY PEOPLE LIVING AT HOME IN FRANCE: THE 3C COHORT STUDY. Clin Nutr 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(13)60035-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Skin autofluorescence is associated with past glycaemic control and complications in type 1 diabetes mellitus. DIABETES & METABOLISM 2013; 39:349-54. [PMID: 23643347 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2013.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2012] [Revised: 03/01/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
As skin autofluorescence (AF) can assess subcutaneous accumulation of fluorescent advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), this study aimed to investigate whether it was linked to glycaemic control and complications in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Using the AGE Reader™, AF was measured in T1DM patients referred to Haut-Levêque Hospital (Bordeaux, France); data on their HbA1c levels measured every 6months as far back as the last 5years were also collected. The association of AF with the patients' past glucose control, based on their latest HbA1c values, and the means of the last five and 10 HbA1c values, and with diabetic complications was also examined by linear regression analysis. The sample included 300 patients: 58% were male; the mean age was 49 (SD 17) years and the mean diabetes duration was 21 (SD 13) years. The median skin AF measurement was 2.0 [25th-75th percentiles: 1.7-2.4] arbitrary units (AU), and this was associated with age (β=0.15 per 10years, P<0.001) and diabetes duration (β=0.17 per 10years, P<0.001). After adjusting for age and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), the skin AF measurement was also related to the means of the last five and 10 HbA1c values (β=0.10 per 1% of HbA1c, P=0.005, and β=0.13 per 1% of HbA1c, P=0.001, respectively). In addition, the skin AF was associated with retinopathy (P<0.001), albuminuria (P<0.001) and decreased eGFR (P<0.001). In conclusion, the skin AF is related to the long-term glucose control and diabetic complications.
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Nutrient patterns and risk of fracture in older subjects: results from the Three-City Study. Osteoporos Int 2013; 24:1295-305. [PMID: 22976577 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-012-2132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 08/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED We investigated the association between nutrient patterns and risk of fractures in 1,482 older subjects. Patterns associated with higher intakes of Ca, P, vitamin B12, proteins and unsaturated fats, and moderate alcohol intake, provided by diets rich in dairies and charcuteries, were related to a lower risk of wrist and hip fractures. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between patterns of nutrient intake and the risk of fractures in older subjects. METHODS Among 1,482 participants from the Bordeaux sample of the Three-City (3C) Study who completed a 24-h dietary recall and a food frequency questionnaire, we examined the association between patterns of nutrient intake derived from principal component analysis and 8-year incidence of self-reported fractures of the hip, the wrist, and the vertebrae. RESULTS A "nutrient-dense" pattern rich in Ca and P, iron, vitamins B including B12, vitamins C and E, alcohol, proteins, and unsaturated fats, and characterized by a higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, meats and fish, cheese and milk, charcuteries, cereals, rice, pasta, and potatoes, was associated with a 19% (95% CI 2-34%, P=0.03) lower risk of wrist fractures. The same pattern was associated with a 14% (95% CI 2-25%) lower risk of fractures at any site. A "south-western French" pattern rich in Ca, P, vitamins D and B12, retinol, alcohol, proteins, and fats-including unsaturated fats; poor in vitamins C, E, and K, carotenes, folates, and fibers; and related to a higher consumption of cheese, milk, and charcuterie and a lower consumption of fruits and vegetables was related to a 33% lower risk of hip fractures (95% CI 3-39%, P=0.03). CONCLUSIONS Higher intakes of Ca, P, vitamin B12, proteins, and unsaturated fats and moderate alcohol, provided by dietary patterns rich in cheese, milk, and charcuteries, were related to a lower risk of wrist and hip fractures in our cohort.
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A simple score to predict survival with dementia in the general population. Neuroepidemiology 2013; 41:20-8. [PMID: 23548733 DOI: 10.1159/000346497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS This study was designed to develop a practical risk score for predicting 5-year survival after the diagnosis of dementia. METHODS Using the Paquid Study (prospective, population-based, long-term cohort study), we created a prognosis score with incident cases of dementia and validated it in another prospective, population-based, long-term cohort study, the Three City Study. - RESULTS Among the 3,777 subjects enrolled in the Paquid Study, 454 incident cases of dementia were included in this study. After a 5-year follow-up period, 319 (70.3%) were deceased. The score was constructed from three independent prognostic variables (gender, age at diagnosis and number of ADL restricted). The discriminant ability of the score was good with a c index of 0.754. Sensitivity was 64.7% and specificity 76.3%. In the validation cohort, the discriminant ability of the prognostic score with c statistics was 0.700. Sensitivity was 26.3% and specificity 95.4%. CONCLUSIONS The prognostic factors selected in the predictive model are easily assessable, so this simple score could provide helpful information for the management of dementia, particularly to identify patients with duration of the disease greater than 5 years.
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Évolution de l’offre alimentaire hors restauration scolaire entre 2004–2005 et 2009–2010 dans les établissements du second degré d’Aquitaine. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2013; 61:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Becoming a nonagenarian: factors associated with survival up to 90 years old in 70+ men and women. Results from the PAQUID longitudinal cohort. J Nutr Health Aging 2013; 17:881-92. [PMID: 24257572 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-013-0041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify factors associated with survival to the age of 90 years old in 70+ elderly people. DESIGN The PAQUID prospective cohort on brain and functional ageing. SETTING 75 randomly selected administrative communities in Gironde and Dordogne (France). PARTICIPANTS A sub-sample of 2,578 community dwellers aged 70 years and over at baseline in 1988 and followed-up over 20 years, all participants of the PAQUID study. MEASUREMENTS Data on socio-material environments, lifestyle, health, perceived health, and family background were collected at home every 2-3 years over 20 years, with a prospective update of vital status. Participants were compared according to their survival status (subjects who reached 90 compared to those who did not). The factors associated with survival were investigated separately for men and women by Cox regression with, as much as possible, time-dependent variables. RESULTS Some factors associated with survival were common to both genders, whereas some others appeared gender specific. For men, tenant status (HR=1.46), former or current smoking (HR=1.17), disability (respective HR of 1.50, 1.78 and 2.81 for mild, moderate and severe level), dementia (HR=1.51), a recent hospitalisation (HR=1.32), dyspnoea (HR=1.32), and cardiovascular symptoms (HR=1.15) were associated with lower chance of becoming nonagenarian. Conversely, regular physical activity (HR=0.74) was associated with higher chance of survival. For women, the presence of a professional help (HR=1.19), living arrangements (HR=1.29 and HR=1.33), disability (respective HR of 1.55, 1.95 and 2.70 for mild, moderate and severe disability), dementia (HR=1.54), a recent hospitalisation (HR=1.19), diabetes (HR=1.49), and dyspnoea (HR=1.20) were associated with lower chance of becoming nonagenarian. Conversely, satisfaction of level income (HR=0.87), comfortable housing (HR=0.81), length of living in the dwelling (HR=0.80 upper to 6 years), regular physical activity (HR=0.89) and a medium (HR=0.79) or good (HR=0.68) subjective health, were associated with higher chance of becoming nonagenarian. CONCLUSION Our findings confirm that survival up to 90 is a multifactorial phenomenon with similarities and specificities by gender. Consequently, primary prevention and global consideration of ageing (social, material, financial, psychological) are necessary to promote not only longevity but also successful ageing in order to face the future societal challenges due to demographic ageing.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the association between dyspnea at entry into the PAQUID cohort and 13-year mortality, taking into consideration BMI and other mortality-related factors. METHODS DESIGN Longitudinal study. SETTING In Dordogne and Gironde, South Western France. SUBJECTS A total of 3646 French community dwellers aged 65 years old and over from the PAQUID study were included. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES dyspnea measured on 5-grades scale, mortality measured over 13 years of follow-up. Adjustment variables: age, gender, BMI (kg/m²), antecedent of ischemic heart disease, antecedent of stroke, hypertension, smoking history and diabetes. RESULTS The study sample included 3646 subjects out of whom 54.11% died at 13 years of follow-up, 57.3% of participants were women and mean age was 75.3 (SD 6.8) years. Univariate analysis showed that dyspnea was associated with 13-year mortality. Death occurred in 45.6% of non-dyspneic subjects , 51.8% in those with level 1 of dyspnea, 65.6% in level 2 and 80.6% in level 3 and 4 (P<10⁻⁴). The median survival was at 13.26 (SD 0.20) years for level-0 of dyspnea, 12.33 (SD 0.31) years for level-1 of dyspnea, 9.28 (SD 0.44) years for level-2 and 6.43 (SD 0.45) years for level-3 and 4 (P=10⁻³). In the multivariate analysis, the risk of mortality for level1 compared to level-0 was HR=1.13 (CI95%=[1.01-1.26]); this risk increases to HR=1.42 (CI95%=[1.25-1.63]) for level-2 and to HR=1.90 (CI95%=[1.61-2.25]) for level-3 and 4. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the relationship between long-term mortality and dyspnea is strong, consistent and independent of other covariates in the elderly.
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Acides gras oméga-3 plasmatiques et risque de dégénérescence maculaire liée à l’âge : étude Aliénor. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.06.258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Dietary omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and Alzheimer's disease: interaction with apolipoprotein E genotype. Curr Alzheimer Res 2011; 8:479-91. [PMID: 21605054 DOI: 10.2174/156720511796391926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest a protective role of omega-3 poly-unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) against Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, most intervention studies of supplementation with n-3 PUFA have yielded disappointing results. One reason for such discordant results may result from inadequate targeting of individuals who might benefit from the supplementation, in particular because of their genetic susceptibility to AD. The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene (ApoE) is a genetic risk factor for late-onset AD. ApoE plays a key role in the transport of cholesterol and other lipids involved in brain composition and functioning. The action of n-3 PUFA on the aging brain might therefore differ according to ApoE polymorphism. The aim of this review is to examine the interaction between dietary fatty acids and ApoE genotype on the risk for AD. Carriers of the ε4 allele tend to be the most responsive to changes in dietary fat and cholesterol. Conversely, several epidemiological studies suggest a protective effect of long-chain n-3 PUFA on cognitive decline only in those who do not carry ε4 but with inconsistent results. An intervention study showed that only non-carriers had increased concentrations of long-chain n-3 PUFA in response to supplementation. The mechanisms underlying this gene-by-diet interaction on AD risk may involve impaired fatty acids and cholesterol transport, altered metabolism of n-3 PUFA, glucose or ketones, or modification of other risk factors of AD in ε4 carriers. Further research is needed to explain the differential effect of n-3 PUFA on AD according to ApoE genotype.
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P005 Associations entre concentrations plasmatiques en lutéine et zéaxanthine et consommations de légumes verts et d’aliments jaune orange : l’étude PIMAVOSA. NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(11)70073-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Oral health condition of French elderly and risk of dementia: a longitudinal cohort study. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2011; 40:230-8. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2011.00650.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Olive oil consumption, plasma oleic acid, and stroke incidence: The Three-City Study. Neurology 2011; 77:418-25. [DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318220abeb] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine associations between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its individual components with risk of cognitive decline on specific cognitive functions. METHODS Participants were 4,323 women and 2,764 men aged 65 and over enrolled in the longitudinal Three-City Study. Cognitive decline, defined as being in the worst quintile of the distribution of the difference between baseline score and either 2- or 4-year follow-up, was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE, global cognitive function), the Isaacs Set Test (IST, verbal fluency), and the Benton Visual Retention Test (BVRT, visual working memory). MetS was defined by National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria (at least 3 of 5 cardio-metabolic abnormalities: hypertension, high waist circumference, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol, hyperglycemia). Proportional hazards models were adjusted for age, gender, educational level, center, baseline cognitive score, APOE4 genotype, and other potential confounders. RESULTS MetS at baseline was associated with an increased risk of cognitive decline on MMSE (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.22 [1.08-1.37]; p = 0.001) and BVRT (HR = 1.13 [1.01-1.26]; p = 0.03) but not on IST (HR = 1.11 [0.95-1.29]; p = 0.18). Among MetS components, hypertriglyceridemia and low HDL cholesterol were significantly associated with higher decline on MMSE; diabetes, but not elevated fasting glycemia, was significantly associated with higher decline on BVRT and IST. CONCLUSIONS MetS as a whole and several of its components had a negative impact on global cognitive decline and specific cognitive functions in older persons.
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Nutrition and age-related eye diseases: the Alienor (Antioxydants, Lipides Essentiels, Nutrition et maladies OculaiRes) Study. J Nutr Health Aging 2010; 14:854-61. [PMID: 21125205 PMCID: PMC3081304 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-010-0131-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Worldwide, degenerative eye diseases (age-related maculopathy (ARM), cataract, glaucoma) are the main causes of visual impairment and blindness, which contribute to disability in the elderly. Mainly three types of nutritional factors are investigated for their potential protection against eye ageing: antioxidants; lutein and zeaxanthin (carotenoids which accumulate specifically in the eye); omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids. Few epidemiological studies have been conducted in this field, particularly in Europe. OBJECTIVE The Alienor (Antioxydants, Lipides Essentiels, Nutrition et maladies OculaiRes) Study aims at assessing the associations of eye diseases with nutritional factors, determined from plasma measurements and estimation of dietary intakes. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Subjects were recruited in Bordeaux (France) from the ongoing population-based 3C study. In 2006-2008, 963 subjects from the 3C Study, aged 73 years or more, had an eye examination and will have follow-up eye examinations every 2 years. MEASUREMENTS Vascular, genetic and nutritional factors were assessed at baseline (1999-2001) and follow-up examinations of the 3C Study. Eye diseases were classified according to international classifications. RESULTS Nutritional status and vascular disease and risk factors were similar between participants and non participants, except for a slight difference in plasma triglycerides and HDL-cholesterol. As expected, the prevalence of eye diseases was high: early and late ARM (28.4 % and 5.6 %, respectively), open-angle glaucoma and treated ocular hypertension (4.8 % and 10.0 %, respectively), cataract extraction (45.2 %), retinopathy (8.4 %), retinal vein occlusion (1.1 %), epiretinal membrane (3.9 %), current use of artificial tears (17.3 %). CONCLUSIONS This study confirms the high prevalence of eye diseases in the elderly. Its main strength is the combination of nutritional, vascular and genetic information, collected over a 7 year period of time before the first eye examination. It may help design future interventional studies, which might be common with other age-related disorders, because of common nutritional factors.
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Do lipids and apolipoproteins predict coronary heart disease under statin and fibrate therapy in the primary prevention setting in community-dwelling elderly subjects? The 3C Study. Atherosclerosis 2010; 214:426-31. [PMID: 21129746 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2010.10.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2010] [Revised: 10/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate associations of standard lipids and apolipoproteins with incident coronary heart disease (CHD) in older adults according to lipid-lowering treatment (LLT) in the primary prevention setting. METHODS Within the 3C Study of men and women aged ≥ 65 years, standard lipids, apolipoproteins A-1 and B100 and hs-CRP were measured in baseline blood samples from 199 participants who developed a first CHD event over 4 years of follow-up and from 1081 subjects randomly selected from the initial cohort (case cohort study). Standardized hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by the Cox proportional hazard model. RESULTS In the random sample, 75.3% were free of LLT (non-users), 11.5% received statins and 13.4% fibrates. Among the non-users, all lipid parameters were significantly associated with future CHD (n = 145) after adjustment for age, gender, study center and educational level, and their HRs were comparable. For instance, the HR for LDL-cholesterol was 1.38 (95% CI: 1.13-1.69). These associations also existed and were stronger among statin users (n = 27 CHD), as shown by an HR for LDL-cholesterol of 2.20 (95% CI: 1.27-3.81). Additional adjustment for traditional risk factors and hs-CRP marginally modified HR estimates in those receiving or not receiving statins. Among fibrate users (n = 27 CHD), significant associations were observed for triglycerides only (1.68; 95% CI = 1.04-2.72) in fully adjusted analyses. CONCLUSION In older adults, standard lipids and apolipoproteins are stronger predictors of CHD in those receiving statins than in those who are not in the primary prevention setting. Under fibrate treatment, only triglycerides were independent predictors of CHD.
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P5a-35 Acides gras oméga-3 à longue chaîne, dépression et déclin cognitif chez des sujets âgés. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(09)72716-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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P5a-33 Plainte mnésique chez les femmes, restriction aux IA DL chez les hommes : Signaux d’alarme utiles pour le risque de démence. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(09)72714-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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O4-1 Adhérence au Régime Méditerranéen, déclin cognitif et risque de démence dans une population âgée française : Etude des Trois-Cités. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s0035-3787(09)72602-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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