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Castets S, Albarel F, Bachelot A, Brun G, Bouligand J, Briet C, Bui Quoc E, Cazabat C, Chabbert-Buffet C, Christin-Maitre S, Courtillot C, Cuny T, De Filippo G, Donadille B, Illouz F, Pellegrini I, Reznik Y, Saveanu A, Teissier N, Touraine P, Vantyghem MC, Vergier J, Léger J, Brue T, Reynaud R. Position statement on the diagnosis and management of congenital pituitary deficiency in adults: the French National Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol (NDTP). Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2024:S0003-4266(24)00035-0. [PMID: 38452869 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Pituitary deficiency, or hypopituitarism, is a rare chronic disease. It is defined by insufficient synthesis of one or more pituitary hormones (growth hormone, TSH, ACTH, LH-FSH, prolactin), whether or not associated with arginine vasopressin deficiency (formerly known as diabetes insipidus). In adult patients, it is usually acquired (notably during childhood), but can also be congenital, due to abnormal pituitary development. The present study focuses on congenital pituitary deficiency in adults, from diagnosis to follow-up, including special situations such as pregnancy or the elderly. The clinical presentation is highly variable, ranging from isolated deficit to multiple deficits, which may be part of a syndromic form or not. Diagnosis is based on a combination of clinical, biological (assessment of all hormonal axes), radiological (brain and hypothalamic-pituitary MRI) and genetic factors. Treatment consists in hormonal replacement therapy, adapted according to the period of life and the deficits, which may be progressive. Comorbidities, risk of complications and acute decompensation, and the impact on fertility and quality of life all require adaptative multidisciplinary care and long-term monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Castets
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France.
| | - F Albarel
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service d'Endocrinologie, Hôpital de la Conception, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - A Bachelot
- AP-HP, IE3M, hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, department of endocrinology and reproductive medicine and Centre de référence des maladies endocriniennes rares de la croissance, center de référence des pathologies gynécologiques Rares, ICAN, Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - G Brun
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - J Bouligand
- Molecular Genetic, Pharmacogenetic and Hormonology, Paris-Saclay University, Kremlin Bicetre Hospital APHP, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France
| | - C Briet
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital de Bicêtre, Service d'Endocrinologie et des Maladies de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'Hypophyse, F-94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France; Institut MITOVASC, INSERM U1083, Université d'Angers, Département d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire d'Angers, F-49933 Angers, France
| | - E Bui Quoc
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Robert Debré University Hospital, Ophthalmology Department, Paris, France
| | - C Cazabat
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - C Chabbert-Buffet
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - S Christin-Maitre
- Sorbonne University, Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Centre de référence des maladies endocriniennes rares de la croissance et du développement (CMERC) Centre de compétence HYPO 184 rue du faubourg St Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - C Courtillot
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - T Cuny
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - G De Filippo
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Université Paris Cité, Hôpital universitaire Robert Debré, Service d'Endocrinologie et Diabétologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes de la Croissance et du Développement, Paris, France
| | - B Donadille
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - F Illouz
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - I Pellegrini
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Y Reznik
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - A Saveanu
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - N Teissier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - P Touraine
- Service d'endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, Sorbonne Université Médecine-Hôpital Pitié Salpêtrière; Centre de maladies endocrinennes rares de la croissance et du développement, Paris, France
| | - M C Vantyghem
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - J Vergier
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - J Léger
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - T Brue
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Laboratory of Molecular Biology Hospital La Conception, Marseille, France
| | - R Reynaud
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Service de Pédiatrie multidisciplinaire, Hôpital de la Timone Enfants, Centre de Référence des Maladies Rares de l'hypophyse HYPO, 13005 Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, MMG, Laboratory of Molecular Biology Hospital La Conception, Marseille, France
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Nordenström A, Ahmed SF, van den Akker E, Blair J, Bonomi M, Brachet C, Broersen LHA, Claahsen-van der Grinten HL, Dessens AB, Gawlik A, Gravholt CH, Juul A, Krausz C, Raivio T, Smyth A, Touraine P, Vitali D, Dekkers OM. Pubertal induction and transition to adult sex hormone replacement in patients with congenital pituitary or gonadal reproductive hormone deficiency: an Endo-ERN clinical practice guideline. Eur J Endocrinol 2022; 186:G9-G49. [PMID: 35353710 PMCID: PMC9066594 DOI: 10.1530/eje-22-0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An Endo-European Reference Network guideline initiative was launched including 16 clinicians experienced in endocrinology, pediatric and adult and 2 patient representatives. The guideline was endorsed by the European Society for Pediatric Endocrinology, the European Society for Endocrinology and the European Academy of Andrology. The aim was to create practice guidelines for clinical assessment and puberty induction in individuals with congenital pituitary or gonadal hormone deficiency. A systematic literature search was conducted, and the evidence was graded according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. If the evidence was insufficient or lacking, then the conclusions were based on expert opinion. The guideline includes recommendations for puberty induction with oestrogen or testosterone. Publications on the induction of puberty with follicle-stimulation hormone and human chorionic gonadotrophin in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism are reviewed. Specific issues in individuals with Klinefelter syndrome or androgen insensitivity syndrome are considered. The expert panel recommends that pubertal induction or sex hormone replacement to sustain puberty should be cared for by a multidisciplinary team. Children with a known condition should be followed from the age of 8 years for girls and 9 years for boys. Puberty induction should be individualised but considered at 11 years in girls and 12 years in boys. Psychological aspects of puberty and fertility issues are especially important to address in individuals with sex development disorders or congenital pituitary deficiencies. The transition of these young adults highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, to discuss both medical issues and social and psychological issues that arise in the context of these chronic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nordenström
- Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health Karolinska Institutet, and Department of Pediatric Endocrinology and Inborn Errors of Metabolism, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
- Correspondence should be addressed to A Nordenström;
| | - S F Ahmed
- Developmental Endocrinology Research Group, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Nursing, University of Glasgow, Royal Hospital for Children, Glasgow, UK
| | - E van den Akker
- Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Obesity Center CGG, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC Sophia Children’s Hospital, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - J Blair
- Department of Endocrinology, Alder Hey Children’s Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Bonomi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - C Brachet
- Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants HUDERF, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - L H A Broersen
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - H L Claahsen-van der Grinten
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Amalia Childrens Hospital, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - A B Dessens
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Sophia Children’s Hospital Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - A Gawlik
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Endocrinology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - C H Gravholt
- Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - A Juul
- Department of Growth and Reproduction, Copenhagen University Hospital – Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- International Research and Research Training Centre for Endocrine Disruption in Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC) and Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - C Krausz
- Department of Biochemical, Experimental and Clinical Sciences ‘Mario Serio’, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - T Raivio
- New Children’s Hospital, Pediatric Research Center, Helsinki University Hospital, and Research Program Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - A Smyth
- Turner Syndrome Support Society in the UK, ePAG ENDO-ERN, UK
| | - P Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Pitié Salpêtriere Hospital, Paris, France
- Sorbonne Université Médecine and Center for Endocrine Rare Disorders of Growth and Development and Center for Rare Gynecological Disorders, Paris, France
| | - D Vitali
- SOD ITALIA APS – Italian Patient Organization for Septo Optic Dysplasia and Other Neuroendocrine Disorders – ePAG ENDO-ERN, Rome, Italy
| | - O M Dekkers
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, LUMC Leiden, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Poirot C, Fortin A, Lacorte JM, Akakpo JP, Genestie C, Vernant JP, Brice P, Morice P, Leblanc T, Gabarre J, Delmer A, Badachi Y, Drouineaud V, Gouy S, Chalas C, Egels S, Dhédin N, Touraine P, Dommergues M, Lebègue G, Wolf JP, Capron F, Lefebvre G, Boissel N. Impact of cancer chemotherapy before ovarian cortex cryopreservation on ovarian tissue transplantation. Hum Reprod 2020; 34:1083-1094. [PMID: 31116405 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dez047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION How efficacious is transplantation of ovarian cortex previously exposed to chemotherapy? SUMMARY ANSWER Prior exposure to chemotherapy did not disrupt the function of cryopreserved ovarian tissue after transplantation. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Ovarian tissue cryopreservation (OTC) followed by ovarian tissue transplantation (OTT) is an efficacious technique for restoration of female fertility. At least 130 children have been born following this procedure. To date, little is known about the efficacy of OTT in patients exposed to cancer chemotherapy prior to OTC. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study evaluates the recovery of ovarian function and fertility in 31 consecutive patients who had received OTT, between 2005 and 2015. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Thirty one patients, wanting children, were transplanted with autologous ovarian cortex, among which 22 patients (71%) had been exposed to chemotherapy before OTC. Recovery of ovarian function was considered total once menstruation occurred. Ovarian function recovery (OFR), ovarian graft survival, and incidence of pregnancy were related to previous chemotherapy exposure, type of chemotherapy and graft characteristics (number of grafted fragments and follicular density). MAIN RESULTS AND ROLE OF CHANCE The amount of ovarian tissue collected was the only parameter to show any significant change between patients with versus without previous chemotherapy. At 1 year after OTT, the cumulative incidence of OFR was 83% (93% in patients exposed to chemotherapy and 67% in others (P = 0.14)). A low follicular density (<0.3 foll/mm2) in the transplant and a low number of grafted fragments (<16) were significantly associated with a delayed OFR. Graft survival at 2 years after OTT was 77%. It was significantly lower in patients exposed to bifunctional alkylating agents before ovarian cryopreservation and in patients with a low follicular density. The proportion of women who succeeded in having at least one live birth was 23% in the total population, 0% (0/9) in the group 'no previous chemotherapy', and 32% (7/22) in the group 'previous chemotherapy'. The cumulative incidence of pregnancy (Kaplan-Meier) at 3 years after OTT was 36% overall and 49% in case of previous chemotherapy, with no difference related to previous chemotherapy exposure. In total there were 13 pregnancies and 8 births in 7 patients. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The pathology in the two groups of patients was not comparable. In the group of patients who had chemotherapy before OTC, there were 95% of hematological malignancies. In the group of patients who did not have chemotherapy before OTC only 1 out of 9 patients had a malignant hematological disease while 44% had some pathology affecting the ovaries. Few women are available for study and only large changes are likely to have statistical significance. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS These results suggest that prior cancer chemotherapy should no longer be considered a limitation to cryopreservation of ovarian tissue and current recommendations in this regard should be revised. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was supported by the Agence de la Biomédecine (France's biomedical office). There are no competing interests to report. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT02184806.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Poirot
- Department of Hematology, Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Fertility Preservation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - A Fortin
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J M Lacorte
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Hormonal Biochemistry, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J P Akakpo
- Department of Radiology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - C Genestie
- Department of Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - J P Vernant
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Hematology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Brice
- Department of Hematology/Oncology, AP-HP Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Morice
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.,Paris-Sud XI University, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - T Leblanc
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, AP-HP Robert Debré University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J Gabarre
- Department of Hematology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - A Delmer
- Department of Clinical Hematology, Robert Debré Hospital, Reims, France.,Reims Champagne-Ardenne University, Reims, France
| | - Y Badachi
- Department of Radiology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - V Drouineaud
- Department of Reproductive Biology, AP-HP Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Gouy
- Department of Oncological Surgery, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - C Chalas
- Department of Reproductive Biology, AP-HP Cochin Hospital, Paris, France
| | - S Egels
- Department of Radiology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - N Dhédin
- Department of Hematology, Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Fertility Preservation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - P Touraine
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Endocrinology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M Dommergues
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - G Lebègue
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - J P Wolf
- Department of Reproductive Biology, AP-HP Cochin Hospital, Paris, France.,Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - F Capron
- Médecine Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Pathology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - G Lefebvre
- Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, AP-HP Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - N Boissel
- Department of Hematology, Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Fertility Preservation, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) Saint Louis Hospital, Paris, France.,Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
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Mariko ML, Sow DS, Koné A, Traoré M, Sidibé AT, Touraine P. [Syndrome Of 46, XX Male With Sex-Determining Region Of Y (SRY) Chromosome Missing, Bilateral Gynecomastia And Complete Virilization: About A Case]. Mali Med 2020; 35:54-56. [PMID: 37978739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Absent SRY gonadal dysgenesis (negative) is the set of clinical and biological manifestations linked to the lack of development of the testes in humans. Authors report the first case of gonadal dysgenesis SRY-negative 46, XX male with gynecomastia documented in Mali. CASE OBSERVATION This is a 15 years old boy of a deaf-mute brother, no family consanguinity. He was referred to the hospital because of severe bilateral gynecomastia. Hypergonado-tropic hypogonadism condition was investigated by hormonal laboratory assessment and the result of cytogenetic analysis carried out in France revealed a karyotype SRY-negative 46, XX isch Yp11, 3. The patient received psychological assistance and substitutive treatment based on testosterone. Reconstructive surgery was also conducted to correct urogenital malformations. CONCLUSION Diagnosis of 46, XX male syndrome is rare and need cytogenetic analysis. In Mali, cost and availability of this technique make diagnosis difficult and care inadequate for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Mariko
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, Hôpital du Mali, Bamako, Mali
- Unité Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, service de médecine, Hôpital de Sikasso, Mali
| | - D S Sow
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, Hôpital du Mali, Bamako, Mali
| | - A Koné
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, Hôpital du Mali, Bamako, Mali
| | - M Traoré
- Service de cytogénétique et de biologie de la reproduction, INRSP, Bamako, Mali
| | - A T Sidibé
- Service Endocrinologie-Diabétologie, Hôpital du Mali, Bamako, Mali
| | - P Touraine
- Service Endocrinologie de la reproduction et des Pathologies gynécologiques Rares, Pitié Salpêtrière, IE3M, Paris, France
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5
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Eroukhmanoff J, Tejedor I, Potorac I, Cuny T, Bonneville JF, Dufour H, Weryha G, Beckers A, Touraine P, Brue T, Castinetti F. MRI follow-up is unnecessary in patients with macroprolactinomas and long-term normal prolactin levels on dopamine agonist treatment. Eur J Endocrinol 2017; 176:323-328. [PMID: 28073906 DOI: 10.1530/eje-16-0897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Both antitumor and antisecretory efficacies of dopamine agonists (DA) make them the first-line treatment of macroprolactinomas. However, there is no guideline for MRI follow-up once prolactin is controlled. The aim of our study was to determine whether a regular MRI follow-up was necessary in patients with long-term normal prolactin levels under DA. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective multicenter study (Marseille, Paris La Pitie Salpetriere and Nancy, France; Liege, Belgium) including patients with macroprolactinomas (largest diameter: >10 mm and baseline prolactin level: >100 ng/mL) treated by dopamine agonists, and regularly followed (pituitary MRI and prolactin levels) during at least 48 months once normal prolactin level was obtained. RESULTS In total, 115 patients were included (63 men and 52 women; mean age at diagnosis: 36.3 years). Mean baseline prolactin level was 2224 ± 6839 ng/mL. No significant increase of tumor volume was observed during the follow-up. Of the 21 patients (18%) who presented asymptomatic hemorrhagic changes of the macroprolactinoma on MRI, 2 had a tumor increase (2 and 7 mm in the largest size). Both were treated by cabergoline (1 mg/week) with normal prolactin levels obtained for 6 and 24 months. For both patients, no further growth was observed on MRI during follow-up at the same dose of cabergoline. CONCLUSION No significant increase of tumor size was observed in our patients with controlled prolactin levels on DA. MRI follow-up thus appears unnecessary in patients with biologically controlled macroprolactinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Eroukhmanoff
- Aix Marseille UniversityAssistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - I Tejedor
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Service d'Endocrinologie & Médecine de la ReproductionParis, France
| | - I Potorac
- Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman CHU de Liège Service d'EndocrinologieLiege, Belgium
| | - T Cuny
- CHU de Nancy - Hôpital de Brabois Clinique Médicale et EndocrinologiqueNancy, France
| | - J F Bonneville
- Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman CHU de Liège Service d'EndocrinologieLiege, Belgium
| | - H Dufour
- Service de NeurochirurgieHôpital de la Timone, Marseille, France
| | - G Weryha
- CHU de Nancy - Hôpital de Brabois Clinique Médicale et EndocrinologiqueNancy, France
| | - A Beckers
- Domaine Universitaire du Sart Tilman CHU de Liège Service d'EndocrinologieLiege, Belgium
| | - P Touraine
- Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Service d'Endocrinologie & Médecine de la ReproductionParis, France
| | - T Brue
- Aix Marseille UniversityAssistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - F Castinetti
- Aix Marseille UniversityAssistance Publique Hopitaux de Marseille, La Conception Hospital, Marseille, France
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6
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Preumont V, Feincoeur C, Lascols O, Courtillot C, Touraine P, Maiter D, Vigouroux C. Hypoglycaemia revealing heterozygous insulin receptor mutations. Diabetes Metab 2016; 43:95-96. [PMID: 27474196 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabet.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V Preumont
- Department of endocrinology and nutrition, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - C Feincoeur
- Department of endocrinology and nutrition, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - O Lascols
- AP-HP, Saint-Antoine hospital, department of molecular biology and genetics, 75012 Paris, France; Inserm UMR_S938, Saint-Antoine research centre, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 6, institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France
| | - C Courtillot
- Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 6, institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France; AP-HP, IE3M, La Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, department of endocrinology and reproductive medicine, reference center for rare gynecological diseases, 75013 Paris, France
| | - P Touraine
- Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 6, institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France; AP-HP, IE3M, La Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, department of endocrinology and reproductive medicine, reference center for rare gynecological diseases, 75013 Paris, France
| | - D Maiter
- Department of endocrinology and nutrition, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - C Vigouroux
- AP-HP, Saint-Antoine hospital, department of molecular biology and genetics, 75012 Paris, France; Inserm UMR_S938, Saint-Antoine research centre, 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne universités, UPMC université Paris 6, institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Paris, France.
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Hyon C, Mansour-Hendili L, Chantot-Bastaraud S, Donadille B, Kerlan V, Dodé C, Jonard S, Delemer B, Gompel A, Reznik Y, Touraine P, Siffroi JP, Christin-Maitre S. Deletion of CPEB1 Gene: A Rare but Recurrent Cause of Premature Ovarian Insufficiency. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:2099-104. [PMID: 27003306 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-1291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) may be secondary to chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or environmental factors. Genetic causes are identified in 20-25% of cases, but most POI cases remain idiopathic. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to identify new genes involved in POI and to characterize the implication of CPEB1 gene in POI. DESIGN AND SETTING This was a case report and cohort study replicate conducted in academic medical centers. PATIENTS AND METHODS A deletion including CPEB1 gene was first identified in a patient with primary amenorrhea. Secondly, 191 sporadic POI cases and 68 familial POI cases were included. For each patient, karyotype was normal and FMR1 premutation was excluded. Search for CPEB1 deletions was performed by quantitative multiplex PCR of short fluorescent fragments or DNA microarray analysis. Gene sequencing of CPEB1 was performed for 95 patients. RESULTS We identified three patients carrying a microdeletion in band 15q25.2. The proximal breakpoint, for the three patients, falls within a low-copy repeat region disrupting the CPEB1 gene, which represents a strong candidate gene for POI as it is known to be implicated in oocyte meiosis. No mutation was identified by sequencing CPEB1 gene. Therefore, heterozygous deletion of CPEB1 gene leading to haploinsufficiency could be responsible for POI in humans. CONCLUSION Microdeletions of CPEB1 were identified in 1.3% of patients with POI, whereas no mutation was identified. This microdeletion is rare but recurrent as it is mediated by nonallelic homologous recombination due to the existence of low-copy repeats in the region. This result demonstrates the importance of DNA microarray analysis in etiological evaluation and counseling of patients with POI.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Hyon
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - L Mansour-Hendili
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - S Chantot-Bastaraud
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - B Donadille
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - V Kerlan
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - C Dodé
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - S Jonard
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - B Delemer
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - A Gompel
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Y Reznik
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - P Touraine
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - J P Siffroi
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
| | - S Christin-Maitre
- Département de Génétique Médicale (C.H., L.M.H., S.C.B., J.P.S.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012, Paris, France; Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), UMRS 933, Physiopathologie des Maladies Génétiques d'Expression Pédiatrique (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Hôpital Armand Trousseau, 75012 Paris, France; Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris VI (C.H., J.P.S., S.C.M.), Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (B.D., S.C.M.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire de l'Est Parisien-Hôpital St-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Maladies Métaboliques (V.K.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Brest, La Cavale Blanche, 29200, Brest, France; Département de Génétique et Développement (C.D.), Institut Cochin, INSERM U1016, Université Paris-Descartes, Paris, France; Service de Gynécologie Endocrinienne et Médecine de la Reproduction (S.J.), Hôpital Jeanne-de-Flandre, 59037 Lille, France; Service d'Endocrinologie-Diabète-Nutrition (B.D.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) de Reims-Hôpital Robert-Debré, 51092 Reims, France; Unité de Gynécologie Endocrinienne (A.G.), Université Paris Descartes, Hôpital Port Royal, Paris, France; Service d'Endocrinologie (Y.R.), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Côte de Nacre, 14000 Caen, France; and Service Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction-CRMERC (P.T.), AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013, Paris, France
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Courtillot C, Laugier Robiolle S, Cohen Aubart F, Leban M, Renard-Penna R, Drier A, Charlotte F, Amoura Z, Touraine P, Haroche J. Endocrine Manifestations in a Monocentric Cohort of 64 Patients With Erdheim-Chester Disease. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2016; 101:305-13. [PMID: 26565949 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2015-3357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Erdheim-Chester disease (ECD) is a rare non-Langerhans cell histiocytosis, characterized by infiltration of foamy histiocytes in multiple organs. Endocrine involvement has mostly been described in case reports. OBJECTIVE We performed systematic endocrine evaluation in a large cohort of patients with ECD. DESIGN This was a single-center observational study conducted between October 2007 and May 2013. SETTING The evaluation was conducted in Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital (Paris, France), a tertiary care hospital. PATIENTS Sixty-four consecutive patients with ECD (sex ratio, 3.6; mean age, 57.6 years [range, 20-80 years]). Thirty-six patients had follow-up assessments. INTERVENTIONS There were no interventions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical, biological, and morphological evaluations of pituitary, gonadal, adrenal, and thyroid functions, as well as metabolic evaluation, were performed. RESULTS Diabetes insipidus was found in 33.3% of patients, frequently as the first manifestation of ECD. Anterior pituitary dysfunction was found in 91.3% of patients with full anterior pituitary evaluation, including somatotropic deficiency (78.6%), hyperprolactinemia (44.1%), gonadotropic deficiency (22.2%), thyrotropic deficiency (9.5%), and corticotropic deficiency (3.1%). Thirty-five patients (54.7%) had ≥2 anterior pituitary dysfunctional axes, rising to 69.6% (16 of 23) when only patients with complete evaluations were considered. Two patients had panhypopituitarism. Infiltration of the pituitary and stalk was found with magnetic resonance imaging in 24.4% of patients. Testicular insufficiency was found in 53.1% of patients, with sonographic testicular infiltration in 29% of men, mostly bilateral. Computed tomography adrenal infiltration was found in 39.1% of patients, and 1 case of adrenal insufficiency was observed. No patient was free of endocrine hormonal or morphological involvement. Endocrine dysfunctions were most often permanent, and new deficits appeared during follow-up. CONCLUSION Endocrine involvement is very frequent in ECD and should be evaluated carefully at diagnosis and during follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Courtillot
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - S Laugier Robiolle
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - F Cohen Aubart
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - M Leban
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - R Renard-Penna
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - A Drier
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - F Charlotte
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - Z Amoura
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - P Touraine
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
| | - J Haroche
- Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes Rares de la Croissance (C.C., P.T.), Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques (S.L.R.), Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto Immunes et Systémiques Rares, Lupus et Syndrome des Anticorps Antiphospholipides (F.C.A., Z.A., J.H.), Biochimie Hormonale (M.L.), Radiologie (R.R.-P.), Neuroradiologie (A.D.), and Anatomie Pathologique (F.C.), Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpitaux Universitaires La Pitié-Salpêtrière-Charles Foix, 75013 Paris, France; and Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Poitiers (S.L.R.), 86021 Poitiers, France
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Elowe-Gruau E, Beltrand J, Brauner R, Pinto G, Samara-Boustani D, Thalassinos C, Busiah K, Laborde K, Boddaert N, Zerah M, Alapetite C, Grill J, Touraine P, Sainte-Rose C, Polak M, Puget S. Childhood craniopharyngioma: hypothalamus-sparing surgery decreases the risk of obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013; 98:2376-82. [PMID: 23633208 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2012-3928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Craniopharyngioma is a brain tumor whose high local recurrence rate has for a long time led to a preference for extensive surgery. Limited surgery minimizing hypothalamic damage may decrease the severe obesity rate at the expense of the need for radiotherapy to complete the treatment. OBJECTIVE We compared weight gain and local recurrence rates after extensive resection surgery (ERS) and hypothalamus-sparing surgery (HSS). DESIGN Our observational study compared a historical cohort managed with ERS between 1985 and 2002 to a prospective cohort managed with HSS between 2002 and 2010. SETTING The patients were treated in a pediatric teaching hospital in Paris, France. PATIENTS Thirty-seven boys and 23 girls were managed with ERS (median age, 8 years); 38 boys and 27 girls were managed with HSS (median age, 9.3 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data were collected before and 6 months to 7 years after surgery. Body mass index (BMI) Z-score was used to assess obesity and the number of surgical procedures to assess local recurrence rate. RESULTS Mean BMI Z-score before surgery was comparable in the 2 cohorts (0.756 after ERS vs 0.747 after HSS; P = .528). At any time after surgery, mean BMI Z-score was significantly lower after HSS (eg, 1.889 SD vs 2.915 SD, P = .004 at 1 year). At last follow-up, the HSS cohort had a significantly lower prevalence of severe obesity (28% vs 54%, P < .05) and higher prevalence of normal BMI (38% vs 17%, P < .01). Mean number of surgical procedures was not significantly different in the 2 cohorts. CONCLUSIONS Hypothalamus-sparing surgery decreases the occurrence of severe obesity without increasing the local recurrence rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Elowe-Gruau
- Pediatric Endocrinology Gynecology and Diabetology Unit, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, 75015 Paris, France
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Faust M, Åkerblad AC, Buchfelder M, Johannsson G, Jonsson P, Kann P, Touraine P, Koltowska Häggström M. Growth hormone replacement in adults with severe growth hormone deficiency is effective even if baseline IGF-1 levels are in the normal range. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1330089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hervé D, Touraine P, Verloes A, Miskinyte S, Krivosic V, Logeart D, Alili N, Laredo JD, Gaudric A, Houdart E, Metzger JP, Tournier-Lasserve E, Woimant F. A hereditary moyamoya syndrome with multisystemic manifestations. Neurology 2010; 75:259-64. [PMID: 20644152 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e8ee3f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We report a detailed description of a family affected by a hereditary multisystem disorder associated with moyamoya syndrome. METHODS In this family case report, we evaluated 9 members of the same family originating from Algeria. Investigations included neuroimaging, cardiologic and ophthalmologic evaluation, hormonal testing, hemoglobin electrophoresis, chromosomal karyotyping, muscle biopsy for morphology, immunohistochemistry and enzyme assays, mtDNA mutation screening, and haplotype analysis of 2 loci previously linked to moyamoya, on chromosomes 10 (ACTA2) and 17. RESULTS Five males related through a maternal lineage were affected, suggesting an X-linked inheritance. Four of them had symptomatic moyamoya syndrome with an onset of acute neurologic manifestations between 4 and 32 years. Hypergonadotropic hypogonadism, azoospermia, short stature of postnatal onset (-2 to -4 SD in adulthood), premature graying of hair, and dysmorphism were present in all patients. The other features of the disease included early cataract in 4, dilated cardiomyopathy in 3, and partial growth hormone deficiency in 2 members. Muscle biopsy data did not reveal signs of a mitochondrial disorder. All conditions known to be associated with moyamoya syndrome such as Down syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and sickle cell disease were excluded. We also excluded linkage to the 2 loci previously reported to be involved in autosomal dominant syndromic and nonsyndromic moyamoya. Carrier females had normal phenotype and clinical history. CONCLUSIONS These data strongly suggest that this family is affected by a hereditary moyamoya multisystem disorder with X-linked recessive pattern of inheritance.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Hervé
- Service de Neurologie, AP-HP, Hôpital Robert Debré, Université Paris 7 Denis Diderot, Paris, France.
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Abstract
The involvement of prolactin in human tumourogenesis has been long debated. The reason is that the evidence supporting the role of circulating prolactin in promoting breast cancer was mainly obtained using rodent models, whereas most of the studies performed in human species in the 1980s have remained inconclusive. Things have now started to change because two alternative mechanisms of prolactin actions in tumour growth have emerged since the beginning of the 21st Century. The first involves locally-produced prolactin, which acts by an autocrine/paracrine mechanism. Genetically-modified mouse models have demonstrated the tumourigenic potential of local prolactin on the prostate and the mammary gland, and arguments are now emerging in humans also. The second mechanism involves genetic variants of the receptor. Although no genetic disorder has been reported for prolactin or its receptor, a variant of the prolactin receptor exhibiting constitutive activity has been recently identified in patients presenting with breast tumours, suggesting that sustained prolactin signalling may participate in breast tumourogenesis. Recent data regarding these two nonclassical mechanisms of prolactin action are discussed. Finally, we address the question of their inhibition in future cancer therapy, both in light of other findings that have revealed novel actions of prolactin in breast cancer cells, and with respect to the compounds currently available to target prolactin receptor signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Fernandez
- Inserm, Unit 845, Research Center Growth and Signalling, University Paris Descartes, Faculty of Medicine, Necker site, Paris, France
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13
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Touraine P. [Phenotype-genotype correlation in mutations of the gonadotrophin receptor gene in women]. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2010; 71:203-5. [PMID: 20362971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2010.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 02/16/2010] [Accepted: 02/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Different mutations have been described in LH and FSH genes as well as in their receptors. These mutations are either activating (gain of function), or inhibiting (loss of function). Activating mutations are expressed as a dominant trait, thus in the heterozygous state, whereas inhibiting mutations are only expressed when both alleles bear the mutation. Inactivating mutations of FSH receptor gene, in women, are associated with primary ovarian insufficiency. Inactivating mutations of LH receptor gene have also been described, most often in XX patients whose families also include cases of male pseudohermaphrodism. Clinically, these women suffer from primary amenorrhea but with normal development of breasts and the hair system. Infertility is constant. LH blood levels are increased, estradiol blood levels are those encountered at the beginning of the follicular phase (50-70 pg/ml). The discovery of these mutations allows a better understanding of some genotypes and is helpful in advancing our knowledge of these receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Département d'endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75651 Paris cedex 13, France.
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Roze C, Touraine P, Leger J, de Roux N. [Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism]. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2009; 70:2-13. [PMID: 19200533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2008.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Accepted: 06/09/2008] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is defined by reduced steroid hormone synthesis and secretion due to low LH and FSH secretion. It is a rare disease with an unknown prevalence (about 1/5000). It results from a fetal defect in GnRH neuron migration, a defect of pituitary development or from a functional defect of the hypothalamopituitary axis between GnRH neurons and gonadotropic cells. The diagnosis should be considered at birth in males with micropenis, during adolescence in case of delayed puberty or absent puberty, and during adulthood in case of infertility. It may be restricted to the gonadotropic axis, combined with other endocrine system defects or be part of a complex syndrome. Several gene defects have now been described. Molecular studies should be performed to confirm the diagnosis and to help provide appropriate genetic counseling. Treatment to induce puberty should be provided at adolescence, followed by hormonal substitution treatment during adulthood. Specific infertility treatment may also be proposed but patients with the dominant form of gonadotropic deficiency should be informed of the risk of transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Roze
- Inserm U690, hôpital Robert-Debré, 75019 Paris, France
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Courtillot C, Touraine P. [Management of families at high risk for hereditary breast-ovarian cancers: the endocrinologist's point of view]. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2008; 69:193-200. [PMID: 18294609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2007.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2007] [Revised: 08/17/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Most cancers have a sporadic physiopathology, but approximately 5 to 10% of breast cancers and 10% of ovarian cancers involve a genetic predisposition. Sometimes, the gene involved in these hereditary cancers can be identified (usually BRCA1 or 2), but most of the time it remains unknown. However, all women considered at high risk, because of their familial history, must be identified so they can be provided with the most adequate care, since the probability is very high that they develop such a cancer in the future. Fortunately, effective strategies have been developed to reduce this risk. Early detection of breast cancer is possible and prophylactic treatments (chemoprevention and prophylactic surgery) exist for both breast and ovarian cancers. Another reason why it is essential that these high risk women are identified is that treatment for hereditary cancers differs in some ways from that of sporadic cancers. It is best that counseling be given in an interdisciplinary cancer genetic clinic, where all practionners are aware of the latest data and guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Courtillot
- Service d'endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
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Massin N, Méduri G, Bachelot A, Misrahi M, Kuttenn F, Touraine P. Evaluation of different markers of the ovarian reserve in patients presenting with premature ovarian failure. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2008; 282:95-100. [PMID: 18191888 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2007.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure (POF) is a heterogeneous syndrome, possibly due to mutations of genes involved in the normal development of the ovary and/or the follicles. Based essentially on animal models, these mutations are associated with various ovarian histological phenotypes, from a complete absence of to a partial follicular maturation. The aims of our work were in one hand to determine if ovarian histology, compared to pelvic ultrasonography, would be helpful either in identifying which patients display an impaired follicular growth or in the orientation of the POF etiology; on the other hand, since developing follicles up to the antral stage are reported in POF and that Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) might be a good indicator of follicular presence, we decided to determine whether AMH should be a better marker to determine the presence of an ovarian reserve in POF patients. To try to answer to the first question, we studied first 166 patients suffering from POF with a normal karyotype. Vaginal ultrasonography (US) was performed in 134 patients and an ovarian biopsy was obtained in 67 women. The presence of follicles suggested at US was confirmed at histology in only 56% of the patients. Ovarian histology led to the distinction of two phenotypes (a) small-sized ovaries, deprived of follicles, and (b) normal-sized ovaries with partial follicular maturation. To confirm the value of ovarian biopsies, samples from 20 normal women have been studied, confirming that ovarian biopsy at random allow reliable assessment of follicular activity. To try to answer to the second question of our work, a cross sectional study analyzing serum AMH, ovarian histology and AMH immunoexpression in 48 POF patients, was performed. Serum AMH was significantly higher in women with more than 5 follicles at ovarian histology. Ovarian AMH immunostaining revealed a normal AMH expression in POF preantral follicles but a decrease expression at the early antral stages. In conclusion, ovarian histology appears to be a reliable tool to appreciate the follicular reserve, and helpful and complementary to clinical and hormonal phenotyping in order to orient the search for various genetic causes of POF syndrome. Finally, AMH levels in POF patients could identify women with persistent follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Massin
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière 47-83, Boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France
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Meduri G, Bachelot A, Cocca MP, Vasseur C, Rodien P, Kuttenn F, Touraine P, Misrahi M. Molecular pathology of the FSH receptor: new insights into FSH physiology. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2008; 282:130-42. [PMID: 18248882 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2007.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Manipulations of mouse genome have helped to elucidate gonadotrophin function but important differences subsist between rodent and human reproduction. Studies of patients with mutations of gonadotrophins or gonadotrophin receptors genes allow understanding their physiological effects in humans. The correlation of the clinical phenotypes of patients with in vitro studies of the mutated receptor residual function and histological and immunohistological studies of the ovarian biopsies permits to understand which stages of follicular development are under FSH control. Total FSH receptor (FSHR) inactivation causes infertility with an early block of follicular maturation remarkably associated with abundant small follicles as in prepubertal ovaries and demonstrates the absolute requirement of FSH for follicular development starting from the primary stage. Partial FSHR inactivation, characterized by normal-sized ovaries, can sustain follicular development up to the early antral stages but incremental levels of FSH stimulation seem to be required for antral follicular growth before selection. These findings contrast with the traditional view of an initial gonadotrophin-independent follicular growth prior to the preantral-early antral stages. The presence of numerous reserve follicles in the ovaries of these patients may permit a future treatment of their infertility. The study of reduced FSHbeta or FSHR activity in genetically modified male mice models and in men suggests a minor impact of the FSHR on masculine fertility. Further studies on patients with a demonstrated total FSHbeta or FSHR inactivation are required to elucidate reported differences in spermatogenesis impairment. Finally, the studies of mutations of gonadotrophins and their receptors demonstrate differences in gonadotrophin function between genetically modified rodents and humans which suggest prudence in extrapolating observations in rodents to human reproduction. Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) can infrequently arise spontaneously during pregnancy, but most often it is an iatrogenic complication of ovarian stimulation treatments with ovulation drugs for in vitro fertilization. The first genetic cause of familial recurrent spontaneous OHSS was identified as a broadening specificity of the FSHR for hCG due to naturally occurring heterozygous mutations located unexpectedly in the transmembrane domain of the FSHR. Broadening specificity of a G protein-coupled receptor is extremely rare. These observations led to the identification of the etiology of this previously unexplained syndrome and permitted to conceive novel models of FSHR activation. Susceptibility to iatrogenic OHSS or its clinical severity may be associated with FSHR polymorphisms with slightly different activities in vivo as suggested by several studies. The study of larger cohorts is needed to evaluate the clinical impact of these observations in the management of patients undergoing IVF protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Meduri
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Pharmacology and Hormonology, AP-HP, University Paris Sud 11, Le Kremlin Bicêtre F-94275, France
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Bachelot A, Chakhtoura Z, Rouxel A, Dulon J, Touraine P. Hormonal treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency. Annales d'Endocrinologie 2007; 68:274-80. [PMID: 17689481 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2007.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
During childhood, the main aims of the medical treatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) secondary to 21-hydroxylase deficiency, are to prevent salt loss and virilization and to achieve normal stature and normal puberty. As such, there is a narrow therapeutic window through which the intended results can be achieved. In adulthood, the clinical management has received little attention, but recent studies have shown the relevance of long-term follow-up of these patients. Indeed, long-term evaluation of adult CAH patients enables the identification of multiple clinical, hormonal and metabolic abnormalities as bone mineral density alteration, overweight and disturbed reproductive functions. In women with classic CAH, low fertility rate is reported, and is probably the consequence of multiple factors, including neuroendocrine and hormonal factors, feminizing surgery, and psychological factors. Men with CAH may present hypogonadism either through the effect of adrenal rests or from suppression of gonadotropins resulting in infertility. These patients should therefore be carefully followed-up, from childhood through to adulthood, to avoid these complications and to ensure treatment compliance and tight control of the adrenal androgens, by multidisciplinary teams who have knowledge of CAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bachelot
- Department of endocrinology and reproductive medicine (Centre de référence des maladies endocriniennes rares de la croissance), groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75013 Paris, France
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Bachelot A, Laborde K, Bresson JL, Plu-Bureau G, Raynaud A, Bertagna X, Mogenet A, Mansour M, Lucas-Jouy V, Gayno JP, Reznik Y, Kuhn JM, Billaud L, Vacher-Lavenu MC, Putterman M, Mowszowicz I, Touraine P, Kuttenn F. Luteinizing hormone pulsatility in patients with major ovarian hyperandrogenism. J Endocrinol Invest 2007; 30:636-46. [PMID: 17923794 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hyperandrogenism and ovulatory dysfunction are common in women with either polycystic ovary (PCOS) or ovarian virilizing tumor. However, contrasting with the numerous studies that have extensively described gonadotropin secretory abnormalities, principally increased LH pulse amplitude and frequency, few studies have concerned gonadotropin secretion in patients with ovarian virilizing tumors; low gonadotropin levels have occasionally been reported, but never extensively studied. The goal of the present study was to further evaluate the pulsatility of LH secretion in women with ovarian virilizing tumor compared with that of PCOS patients. Eighteen women with major hyperandrogenism (plasma testosterone level >1.2 ng/ml) were studied (5 women with ovarian virilizing tumor, 13 women with PCOS, and 10 control women). Mean plasma LH level, LH pulse number and amplitude were dramatically low in patients with ovarian tumors when compared to both PCOS (p<0.001) and controls (p<0.001). In case of major hyperandrogenism, LH pulse pattern differs markedly between women with ovarian virilizing tumor or PCOS, suggesting different mechanisms of hypothalamic or pituitary feedback.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bachelot
- Endocrinology, Pitié-Salpétrière Hospital, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013, Paris, France
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Christin-Maître S, Delemer B, Touraine P, Young J. Prolactinoma and estrogens: pregnancy, contraception and hormonal replacement therapy. Ann Endocrinol (Paris) 2007; 68:106-12. [PMID: 17540335 DOI: 10.1016/j.ando.2007.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2006] [Revised: 12/05/2006] [Accepted: 03/20/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The stimulatory role of estrogen on prolactin secretion and on proliferation of lactotropic cells is well established in terms of physiology but could this phenomenon be extended to include harmful effects of estrogens on prolactinoma? The aim of this review is to provide an up-to-date assessment of this subject with regard to pregnancy, use of contraceptive pills and postmenopausal hormone replacement therapy. Dopamine agonists allow women presenting prolactinoma to recover their ovulation cycles and become pregnant. There is no adverse data concerning the safety of dopamine agonists such as bromocriptine, if the woman is treated during the first trimester of pregnancy but there is little information regarding the most recent treatments such as cabergoline or quinagolide. In women with microadenomas, pregnancy generally has little impact on their adenoma, delivery is normal and breast-feeding is allowed. Concerning macroprolactinomas, tumor progression during pregnancy is possible and endocrine follow-up remains necessary. Contraceptive pills containing estrogen and progestins are currently the best-tolerated and the most effective contraception. This type of contraceptive has long been avoided in patients presenting prolactinoma. While the literature has little to say on this subject and provides no adverse information, professional experience suggests that this attitude should be amended and that women presenting microprolactinoma should be allowed to use current contraceptive pills (containing 30 microg or less of ethinyl estradiol). The most important problem to overcome with this type of prescription, which masks the clinical consequences of hyperprolactinemia, is the possibility of overlooking hypophyseal disease that could result from this approach. The problem of macroprolactinoma is different; the possibility of prescribing contraceptive pills must be evaluated on a case-by-case basis and the impact of the drug on the adenoma must be very closely monitored. Estrogen replacement therapy in patients presenting hypogonadism should be attempted in patients with a history of prolactinoma and standard-monitoring precautions should be taken. In menopausal women, when replacement therapy is desirable, the presence of a microprolactinoma should not by itself avoid this prescription.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Christin-Maître
- Service d'endocrinologie, hôpital Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris cedex 12, France
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21
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Abstract
Until recently, hypopituitarism was not considered as a potential consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) since only few case reports were described. However, since 2000, preliminary studies have underlined such an association. Hypopituitarism may occur during the acute phase of TBI, months after or even many years later. Among the multiple deficiencies, GH deficiency appears to be the most frequently observed. However multiple bias are described in such studies, especially the small number of patients analyzed and the diagnosis relying on baseline values. Most recently, some studies analyzed 50 to 100 patients confirming that up to 50% of patients may be affected by such an association and underlined the necessity to propose a prospective evaluation since the evolution of hypopituitarism is highly variable during follow-up. It also appears necessary to describe this association to allow when necessary to secondarily propose hormonal substitutive treatment which might be discussed in such a context.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Delemer
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Unités 62, CHU de Reims Hôpital Robert Debré, Avenue du Général Koenig, 51092 Reims Cedex
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Méduri G, Massin N, Guibourdenche J, Bachelot A, Fiori O, Kuttenn F, Misrahi M, Touraine P. Serum anti-Müllerian hormone expression in women with premature ovarian failure. Hum Reprod 2006; 22:117-23. [PMID: 16954410 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/del346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) is generally irreversible. However, developing follicles up to the antral stage are reported in POF and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) might be a good indicator of follicular presence. This study analysed serum AMH, ovarian histology and AMH immunoexpression in POF patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study of 48 POF patients in an Endocrinology Department setting. Patients had an ovarian biopsy simultaneously with serum AMH sampling and/or ovarian AMH immunostaining. RESULTS Mean serum AMH was 1.04 +/- 1.66 ng/ml. Serum AMH was significantly higher in women with 15 or more follicles at ovarian histology (P = 0.001). Comparison of ovarian AMH immunostaining from POF patients and 10 normal controls revealed a normal AMH expression in POF pre-antral follicles, but a decreased expression at the early antral stages. Serum AMH was undetectable in 77% of the patients with 0-5 AMH immunopositive follicles and detectable in 100% of the patients with more than 15 AMH immunopositive follicles. CONCLUSIONS AMH levels in POF patients could identify women with persistent follicles. The decrease of AMH immunoexpression in POF antral follicles could suggest a defect of antral development.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Méduri
- INSERM U693 Medical Faculty, Bicêtre Hospital, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Brue T, Borson-Chazot F, Delemer B, Schlienger JL, Chachuat A, Pion I, Touraine P. Étude observationnelle KIMS du traitement par GH des patients adultes ayant un déficit somatotrope: analyse à 12 mois des données françaises. Annales d'Endocrinologie 2006; 67:331-7. [PMID: 17072238 DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4266(06)72607-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
KIMS study is an international, observational study initiated in 1994 in which France has been involved since 2003. Its aim is to collect on a widespread basis long-term data from GH-deficient adults treated or not treated with growth hormone in daily practice. Among 330 patients already enrolled by 128 centers in France at the data lock point for this first interim analysis, 122 patients were followed up for at least 12 months and their results are presented herein. After one year of treatment, IGF-1 level adjusted for age and sex was normalized for 77% of patients naive of GH-treatment, 71% of semi-naive patients and 85% of non naive patients. Lean mass increase was 5.1% and fat mass decrease 5.7%. Quality of life assessed through QoL-AGHDA questionnaire was improved with a median score decrease from 10 to 6. These are the first results available from French patients and suggest that growth hormone is an appropriate indication for adults with severe GH deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Brue
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabète et Maladies Métaboliques, Hôpital de la Timone, 264 rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 05
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Massin N, Czernichow C, Thibaud E, Kuttenn F, Polak M, Touraine P. Idiopathic Premature Ovarian Failure in 63 Young Women. Horm Res Paediatr 2006; 65:89-95. [PMID: 16439854 DOI: 10.1159/000091177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Accepted: 12/13/2005] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Premature ovarian failure (POF) in adolescents is defined as primary or secondary amenorrhea associated with high follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels. In normal 46,XX patients, its etiology is most often unknown. We have evaluated the clinical, hormonal and ovarian phenotypes in patients with a normal karyotype who were diagnosed with POF before the age of 18. METHODS Sixty-three patients were included in this retrospective study. RESULTS The mean patient age was 20.4 years. The patients presented with three clinical patterns: lack of pubertal development (n = 23), primary amenorrhea with interrupted puberty (n = 18), and secondary amenorrhea with normal puberty (n = 22). Ten patients had a familial history of POF and 6 presented with hypothyroidism. The FSH, estradiol and inhibin B levels were not statistically different in the three clinical groups. Fifty percent of the patients presented small ovaries (length <2 cm) at ultrasonography. The presence of follicles was found at histology in only 7 of the 27 patients who underwent an ovarian biopsy. CONCLUSION 46,XX patients presenting with early POF rarely presented a specific, identifiable disorder. We discuss the clinical management and different diagnosis strategies to improve our current knowledge of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Massin
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Paris V University, Paris, France
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25
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Touraine F, Moldovan D, Touraine P, Chenot P, Bonnaud F. Aspirin and non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs hypersensitivity review (2002-2004). Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 37:279-82. [PMID: 16285234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
According to physician, Aspirin and NSAIDS hypersensitivity are causing three major problems: how to make the diagnosis? Which treatment are to he given to these patients? What kind of anti-inflammatory drugs are to be prescribed? For these last three years, several articles regarding these matters were being published.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Touraine
- Service de Pathologie Respiratoire et d'Allergologie, CHU Limoges
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26
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Touraine P, Youssef N, Alyanakian MA, Lechat X, Balleyguier C, Duflos C, Dib A, May A, Carel JC, Laborde K, Sigal-Zafrani B, Goffin V, Eymard B, Boitard C, Brousse N, Kuttenn F. Breast inflammatory gigantomastia in a context of immune-mediated diseases. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2005; 90:5287-94. [PMID: 15972574 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2005-0642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Localized breast lesions have been described in lupic or diabetic patients. However, the description of breast gigantomastia in women presenting with autoimmune diseases has not been reported. SETTING The study took place within the Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Necker Hospital, Paris, France. PATIENTS We describe eight patients with inflammatory gigantomastia, occurring in a context of immune-mediated diseases: myasthenia, chronic arthritis, or thyroiditis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Together with hormonal, immunological, and breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation, breast histology enabled us to perform immunocytochemical and indirect immunofluorescence studies. Control sera were obtained from patients with (n = 10) and without (n = 7) antinuclear antibodies. RESULTS Six of the eight patients developed gigantomastia either at puberty or during pregnancy. Neither a hormonal oversecretion nor a specific immunological pattern was observed. All patients except one presented antinuclear antibodies. Histological study revealed a diffuse, stromal hyperplasia and a severe atrophy of the lobules. A rarefaction of adipocytes was also noted, as previously suggested on MRI. There was a perilobular lymphocytic infiltrate made of CD3+ lymphocytes. Study of sera from five of six cases of gigantomastia showed a nuclear immunofluorescence pattern in normal mammary ductal and lobular glandular epithelium, as well as in kidney and intestine epithelial cells. In control sera, a nuclear signal was observed only when antinuclear antibodies were present. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that breast tissue may be a target tissue in autoimmune diseases, this process being favored by the hormonal milieu. However, the precise mechanism of such association is not individualized. The fact that stromal hyperplasia is the main histological feature justifies the search for the involvement of growth factors in such a process.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Necker, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75743 Paris Cedex 15, France.
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Skurnik G, Touraine P. [Should hormone replacement therapy for menopause be continued in diabetic women?]. Journ Annu Diabetol Hotel Dieu 2004:151-60. [PMID: 15259313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- G Skurnik
- Service d'Endocrinologie et Médecine de la Reproduction, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris
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29
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Meduri G, Touraine P, Beau I, Lahuna O, Desroches A, Vacher-Lavenu MC, Kuttenn F, Misrahi M. Delayed puberty and primary amenorrhea associated with a novel mutation of the human follicle-stimulating hormone receptor: clinical, histological, and molecular studies. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2003; 88:3491-8. [PMID: 12915623 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2003-030217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Inactivating mutations of the FSH receptor have been described in rare cases of premature ovarian failure. Only one mutation was associated with a complete phenotype, including delayed puberty, primary amenorrhea, and small ovaries. We describe here a new patient presenting a similar complete phenotype of premature ovarian failure, with high plasma FSH levels associated with very low estrogen and inhibin B levels. No biological response to high doses of recombinant FSH was detected. A novel homozygous Pro(519)Thr mutation was found in this patient. This mutation is located in the second extracellular loop of the FSH receptor, within a motif highly conserved in gonadotropin and TSH receptors. The mutation totally impairs adenylate cyclase stimulation in vitro. FSH binding experiments and confocal microscopy showed that this mutation alters the cell surface targeting of the mutated receptor, which remains trapped intracellularly. Histological studies of the ovaries of the patient showed an increase in the density of small follicles compared with age-matched normal women. A complete block in follicular maturation after the primary stage was also observed. Immunocytochemical studies allowed detection of the expression of c-Kit and proliferation cellular nuclear antigen, whereas no apoptosis was shown by the 3'-end-labeling method. This observation supports the concept that in humans FSH seems mandatory for the initiation of follicular growth only after the primary stage. In our patient complete FSH resistance yields infertility, which is remarkably associated with the persistence of a high number of small follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Meduri
- INSERM E120, Hôpital Bicêtre, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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Touraine P, Plu-Bureau G, Beressi N, Decq P, Thalabard JC, Kuttenn F. Resumption of luteinizing hormone pulsatility and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism after endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy in a hydrocephalic patient. Fertil Steril 2001; 76:390-3. [PMID: 11476794 DOI: 10.1016/s0015-0282(01)01877-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study gonadotropin pulsatility before and after surgical cure of hydrocephalus. DESIGN Case report. SETTING Department of Endocrinology and Centre d'Investigations Cliniques, Necker Hospital, Paris, France. PATIENT(S) A 29-year-old woman who presented with secondary amenorrhea. INTERVENTION(S) The patient underwent an endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy that led to restoration of normal menses and resolution of hypogonadism. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) A gonadotropin pulse study was performed before and 2 and 5 months after surgery. RESULT(S) No LH pulse was observed before surgery. Emergence of pulsatility was observed 2 months after surgery, and pulses became clearly individualized after 5 months. CONCLUSION(S) This observation strongly suggests that amenorrhea, in case of chronic hydrocephalus, is indeed due to a hypothalamic dysfunction of the GnRH pulse generator.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Necker, and INSERM-AP-HP, Paris Cedex 15, 75743, France.
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De Baere E, Dixon MJ, Small KW, Jabs EW, Leroy BP, Devriendt K, Gillerot Y, Mortier G, Meire F, Van Maldergem L, Courtens W, Hjalgrim H, Huang S, Liebaers I, Van Regemorter N, Touraine P, Praphanphoj V, Verloes A, Udar N, Yellore V, Chalukya M, Yelchits S, De Paepe A, Kuttenn F, Fellous M, Veitia R, Messiaen L. Spectrum of FOXL2 gene mutations in blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus (BPES) families demonstrates a genotype--phenotype correlation. Hum Mol Genet 2001; 10:1591-600. [PMID: 11468277 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/10.15.1591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in FOXL2, a forkhead transcription factor gene, have recently been shown to cause blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) types I and II, a rare genetic disorder. In BPES type I a complex eyelid malformation is associated with premature ovarian failure (POF), whereas in BPES type II the eyelid defect occurs as an isolated entity. In this study, we describe the identification of novel mutations in the FOXL2 gene in BPES types I and II families, in sporadic BPES patients, and in BPES families where the type could not be established. In 67% of the patients studied, we identified a mutation in the FOXL2 gene. In total, 21 mutations (17 of which are novel) and one microdeletion were identified. Thirteen of these FOXL2 mutations are unique. In this study, we demonstrate that there is a genotype--phenotype correlation for either types of BPES by the finding that mutations predicted to result in a truncated protein either lacking or containing the forkhead domain lead to BPES type I. In contrast, duplications within or downstream of the forkhead domain, and a frameshift downstream of them, all predicted to result in an extended protein, cause BPES type II. In addition, in 30 unrelated patients with isolated POF no causal mutations were identified in FOXL2. Our study provides further evidence that FOXL2 haploinsufficiency may cause BPES types I and II by the effect of a null allele and a hypomorphic allele, respectively. Furthermore, we propose that in a fraction of the BPES patients the genetic defect does not reside within the coding region of the FOXL2 gene and may be caused by a position effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- E De Baere
- Department of Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Abstract
BACKGROUND We wanted to evaluate the very long-term effects of bromocriptine on prolactin (PRL) levels and pituitary tumor size in a large cohort of hyperprolactinemic patients. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study in the Department of Endocrinology from Necker Hospital in Paris, France. Two hundred and forty-six patients consulted primarily for menstrual disorders, with diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia. Patients were followed-up for 99.9+/-3.6 months. One hundred and ninety-one were treated with bromocriptine, 32 underwent surgery, and 23 received no treatment. RESULTS The mean initial plasma PRL level was 135.0+/-20.2 ng/ml. Presence of an adenoma was detected in 60% of our patients and comprised a microadenoma in 64% of cases. Compared to oligomenorrheic women, amenorrheic patients had significantly higher levels of PRL and larger pituitary tumor size. In the bromocriptine group, PRL levels decreased from 99.6+/-7.9 to 20.0+/-1.5 ng/ml (p=0.00001). The medical treatment was associated with disappearance of the adenoma in 45% of the women and with stabilization of pituitary tumor size in 40% of patients. Surgery led to disappearance of the adenoma in almost all cases, but failed to definitively cure hyperprolactinemia. CONCLUSION In this large-scale retrospective study, the medical treatment of mild hyperprolactinemia was shown to be effective and sufficient after 9 years of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, H pital Necker, Paris, France
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Vigouroux C, Magré J, Vantyghem MC, Bourut C, Lascols O, Shackleton S, Lloyd DJ, Guerci B, Padova G, Valensi P, Grimaldi A, Piquemal R, Touraine P, Trembath RC, Capeau J. Lamin A/C gene: sex-determined expression of mutations in Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy and absence of coding mutations in congenital and acquired generalized lipoatrophy. Diabetes 2000; 49:1958-62. [PMID: 11078466 DOI: 10.2337/diabetes.49.11.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Missense mutations of the lamin A/C gene, LMNA, have been recently identified in Dunnigan-type familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD), which belongs to a heterogeneous group of rare disorders affecting adipose tissue distribution and metabolism. In this study, we sequenced the LMNA coding region from patients presenting with FPLD or other forms of lipodystrophy. We identified two heterozygous mutations in exon 8, R482W and R482Q, in FPLD patients (six families and one individual) with various clinical presentations. In addition, we found a novel heterozygous mutation (R584H) in exon 11, encoding specifically the lamin A isoform, in a patient with typical FPLD. Clinical and biochemical investigations in FPLD patients revealed that the expression and the severity of the phenotype were markedly dependent on sex, with female patients being more markedly affected. In subjects with generalized lipoatrophy, either congenital (13 case subjects) or acquired (14 case subjects), or Barraquer-Simon syndrome (2 case subjects), the entire LMNA coding sequence was normal. Although FPLD mutations are predominantly localized in exon 8 of LMNA, the finding of a novel mutation at codon 584, together with the R582H heterozygous substitution recently described, confirms that the C-terminal region specific to the lamin A isoform is a second susceptibility region for mutations in FPLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Vigouroux
- INSERM U402, Faculté de Médecine Saint-Antoine, Fédération de Biochimie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
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34
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Llovera M, Pichard C, Bernichtein S, Jeay S, Touraine P, Kelly PA, Goffin V. Human prolactin (hPRL) antagonists inhibit hPRL-activated signaling pathways involved in breast cancer cell proliferation. Oncogene 2000; 19:4695-705. [PMID: 11032019 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1203846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The involvement of human prolactin (hPRL) in breast cancer has been recently reconsidered based on its autocrine/paracrine proliferative effect described in human mammary tumor epithelial cells. Therefore, there is growing interest in the development of potent hPRL antagonists that may inhibit this effect. We previously designed hPRL analogs displaying antagonistic properties in a human transcriptional bioassay. We now report that the most potent of those analogs, G129R-hPRL, antagonizes all hPRL-induced effects analysed in various breast cancer cell lines, including cell proliferation. The analog per se lacks intrinsic agonistic activity on PRL receptor-activated signaling cascades, cell proliferation and apoptosis, indicating that its mode of action only occurs through competitive inhibition of hPRL. We provide some molecular basis of this antagonistic effect by demonstrating that G129R-hPRL competitively inhibits hPRL-activation of the JAK-STAT and MAPK pathways, two signaling cascades involved in the mitogenic effect of hPRL in mammary epithelial cells. This competitive inhibition persists for at least 48 h, as evidenced by long term analysis of STAT5b activation or of progression through cell cycle. These results are the first demonstration at the molecular level that hPRL antagonists interfering with receptor dimerization disrupt signaling events in breast cancer cells, which prevents hPRL-induced cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Llovera
- INSERM Unit 344, Molecular Endocrinology, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France
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35
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Abstract
The mammary gland is the major target tissue of prolactin (PRL) in mammals. Although this pituitary hormone has been long suspected to be involved in the progression of human breast cancer, the failure of clinical improvement by treatment with dopamine agonists (which lower circulating levels of PRL) rapidly reduced the interest of oncologists concerning a potential role of PRL in the development of breast cancer. Within the last few years, however, several studies reported first, that PRL is also synthesized by mammary epithelial cells, and second that it may exert a proliferative action in an autocrine/paracrine manner. In agreement with a recent epidemiological study, these observations have led to a reconsideration of the role of PRL as an active participant in breast cancer, and are an impetus to redefine the molecular targets of anti-prolactin strategies since dopamine analogs are assumed to be inefficient on extrapituitary PRL synthesis. In this review, we briefly summarize the current knowledge of PRL effects on both normal and tumor mammary cells, and we discuss the most relevant articles supporting the autocrine-paracrine action of PRL in the breast. With the aim of defining putative new molecular targets, we propose an overview of the main PRL receptor signaling cascades known to be triggered by PRL in mammary epithelial cells or, when not available, in other cell types. Finally, because proteolytic fragments of rat PRL have been shown to inhibit the angiogenic process, which may be relevant for preventing the progression of solid tumors such as breast tumors, we discuss the hypothesis that the enzymatic cleavage of human PRL could also represent a new molecular target in the search for alternative strategies in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Llovera
- INSERM Unit 344-Molecular Endocrinology, Faculté de Médecine Necker, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75730, Paris, France
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36
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Goffin V, Binart N, Clément-Lacroix P, Bouchard B, Bole-Feysot C, Edery M, Lucas BK, Touraine P, Pezet A, Maaskant R, Pichard C, Helloco C, Baran N, Favre H, Bernichtein S, Allamando A, Ormandy C, Kelly PA. From the molecular biology of prolactin and its receptor to the lessons learned from knockout mice models. Genet Anal 1999; 15:189-201. [PMID: 10596761 DOI: 10.1016/s1050-3862(99)00025-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL), a polypeptide hormone secreted mainly by the pituitary and, to a lesser extent, by peripheral tissues, affects more physiological processes than all other pituitary hormones combined since it is involved in > 300 separate functions in vertebrates. Its main actions are related to lactation and reproduction. The initial step of PRL action is the binding to a specific membrane receptor, the PRLR, which belongs to the class 1 cytokine receptor superfamily. PRL-binding sites have been identified in a number of tissues and cell types in adult animals. Signal transduction by this receptor is mediated, at least in part, by two families of signaling molecules: Janus tyrosine kinases and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). Disruption of the PRLR gene has provided a new mouse model with which to identify actions directly associated with PRL or any other PRLR ligands, such as placental lactogens. To date, several different phenotypes have been analyzed and are briefly described in this review. Coupled with the SAGE technique, this PRLR knockout model is being used to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the expression pattern of hepatic genes in two physiological situations: transcriptomes corresponding to livers from both wild type and PRLR KO mice are being compared, and following statistical analyses, candidate genes presenting a differential profile will be further characterized. Such a new approach will undoubtedly open future avenues of research for PRL targets. To date, no pathology linked to any mutation in the genes encoding PRL or its receptor have been identified. The development of genetic models provides new opportunities to understand how PRL can participate to the development of pathologies throughout life, as for example the initiation and progression of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goffin
- INSERM Unité 344-Endocrinologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France.
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37
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Touraine P, Beau I, Gougeon A, Meduri G, Desroches A, Pichard C, Detoeuf M, Paniel B, Prieur M, Zorn JR, Milgrom E, Kuttenn F, Misrahi M. New natural inactivating mutations of the follicle-stimulating hormone receptor: correlations between receptor function and phenotype. Mol Endocrinol 1999; 13:1844-54. [PMID: 10551778 DOI: 10.1210/mend.13.11.0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Premature ovarian failure occurs in almost 1% of women under age 40. Molecular alterations of the FSH receptor (FSHR) have recently been described. A first homozygous mutation of the FSHR was identified in Finland. More recently, we described two new mutations of the FSHR in a woman presenting a partial FSH-resistance syndrome (patient 1). We now report new molecular alterations of the FSHR in another woman (patient 2) who presented at the age of 19 with primary amenorrhea contrasting with normal pubertal development. She had high plasma FSH, and numerous ovarian follicles up to 3 mm in size were evidenced by ultrasonography. Histological and immunohistochemical examination of ovarian biopsies revealed the presence of a normal follicular development up to the antral stage and disruption at further stages. DNA sequencing showed two heterozygous mutations: Asp224Val in the extracellular domain and Leu601Val in the third extracellular loop of FSHR. Cells transfected with expression vectors encoding the wild type or the mutated Leu601Val receptors bound hormone with similar affinity, whereas binding was barely detectable with the Asp224Val mutant. Confocal microscopy showed the latter to have an impaired targeting to the cell membrane. This was confirmed by its accumulation as a mannose-rich precursor. Adenylate cyclase stimulation by FSH of the Leu601Val mutant receptor showed a 12+/-3% residual activity, whereas in patient 1 a 24+/-4% residual activity was detected for the Arg573Cys mutant receptor. These results are in keeping with the fact that estradiol and inhibin B levels were higher in patient 1 and that stimulation with recombinant FSH did not increase follicular size, estradiol, or inhibin B levels in patient 2 in contrast to what was observed for patient 1. Thus, differences in the residual activity of mutated FSHR led to differences in the clinical, biological, and histological phenotypes of the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Necker, Institut Fédératif de Recherche (IFR-NEM), Paris, France
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38
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Abstract
Although prolactin (PRL) has been long suspected to be involved in the progression of human breast cancer, the failure of clinical improvement by treatment with dopamine agonists, which lower circulating levels of PRL, rapidly reduced the interest of oncologists concerning a potential role of this pituitary hormone in the development of breast cancer. Within the last few years, however, several studies reported first, that PRL is also synthesized in the mammary gland, and second that it exerts its proliferative action in an autocrine/paracrine manner. These observations have led to a reconsideration of the role of PRL as an active participant in breast cancer and are an impetus to search for alternative strategies aimed at inhibiting the proliferative effects of PRL on tumor mammary cells. In this report, we discuss the three possible levels that can be targeted for this purpose: the mammary synthesis of PRL, the interaction of the hormone with its receptor at the surface of mammary cells, and the intracellular signaling cascades triggered by the activated receptor. For each of these steps, we discuss the molecular event(s) that can be targeted, our understanding of the mechanisms involving these putative targets as well as the tools currently available for their inhibition. Besides its proliferative effect, PRL is also involved in the control of angiogenesis through one of its cleaved fragments, named PRL 16K, which has been shown to inhibit the angiogenic process. In view of this biological activity, we discuss first the cleavage of PRL with respect to the human mammary gland and, second, the hypothesis speculating that a balance between the proliferative effect of intact PRL and the anti-angiogenic activity of its 16K-like fragments might be physiologically relevant in the evolution of mammary tumors. If true, our hypothesis would suggest that the enzymatic cleavage of PRL could represent a new molecular target in the search for alternative strategies in the treatment of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goffin
- INSERM Unité 344-Endocrinologie Moléculaire, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France.
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39
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Deneux C, Touraine P, Kuttenn F. [Physiopathology of gonadotropic control of gametogenesis]. Ann Biol Clin (Paris) 1999; 57:318-21. [PMID: 10377482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Deneux
- Service d'endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, Hôpital Necker, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France
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40
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Bry-Gauillard H, Touraine P, Mamzer-Bruneel MF, Simoes-Vaz A, Kuttenn F, Legendre C. Complete regression of a major hyperprolactinaemia after renal transplantation. Nephrol Dial Transplant 1999; 14:466-8. [PMID: 10069216 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/14.2.466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H Bry-Gauillard
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hopital Necker, Paris, France
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41
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Misrahi M, Beau I, Méduri G, Touraine P, Bouvattier C, Bougnères P, Kuttenn F, Milgrom E. Maladies génétiques associées aux mutations inactivatrices des récepteurs des gonadotrophines. Med Sci (Paris) 1999. [DOI: 10.4267/10608/1314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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42
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Touraine P, Deneux C, Plu-Bureau G, Mauvais-Jarvis P, Kuttenn F. Hormonal replacement therapy in menopausal women with a history of hyperprolactinemia. J Endocrinol Invest 1998; 21:732-6. [PMID: 9972671 DOI: 10.1007/bf03348037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Hyperprolactinemia is involved in almost 30% of infertility problems. At the onset of menopause, prolactin levels often decrease; however, no data are available regarding the course of hyperprolactinemia after menopause with hormonal replacement therapy (HRT). A retrospective study was undertaken in our department to evaluate the potential role of estrogens in women with a history of hyperprolactinemia. Twenty-two patients, with hyperprolactinemia before menopause, were followed-up. Group I included 11 patients who withdrew bromocriptine treatment when menopause was confirmed. These patients were placed on HRT with no other medication administered. HRT was a combination of percutaneous estradiol gel and an oral progestin. Group II included 7 women treated by bromocriptine before menopause and after menopause concomitantly with HRT. Group III included 4 patients who did not receive HRT or other treatments once menopause was diagnosed. The mean serum prolactin level was unchanged in Group I (22.8+/-21.7 before and 22.8+/-16.1 ng/ml after HRT) while it increased but not significantly from 8.1+/-5.2 to 16.0+/-11.7 ng/ml in Group II. The mean duration of HRT was 42.8+/-23.8 (7-81) and 37.3+/-31.0 (6-99) months in Group I and II respectively. In Group III patients, PRL levels decreased spontaneously from 61.2+/-39.8 to 33.0+/-34.7 ng/ml. In conclusion, in this population of menopausal patients with a history of moderate hyperprolactinemia, HRT did not seem to affect plasma prolactin levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Department of Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
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43
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Beau I, Touraine P, Meduri G, Gougeon A, Desroches A, Matuchansky C, Milgrom E, Kuttenn F, Misrahi M. A novel phenotype related to partial loss of function mutations of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor. J Clin Invest 1998; 102:1352-9. [PMID: 9769327 PMCID: PMC508982 DOI: 10.1172/jci3795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
A single natural loss of function mutation of the follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) has been described to date. Present in the Finnish population it markedly impairs receptor function, blocking follicle development at the primary stage and presenting as primary amenorrhea with atrophic ovaries. When Western European women with this phenotype were examined for FSHR mutations the result was negative, suggesting that other etiologies corresponding to this clinical pattern are markedly more frequent. We now describe a novel phenotype related to mutations provoking a partial loss of function of the FSHR. A woman with secondary amenorrhea had very high plasma gonadotropin concentrations (especially FSH), contrasting with normal sized ovaries and antral follicles up to 5 mm at ultrasonography. Histological and immunohistochemical examination of the ovaries showed normal follicular development up to the small antral stage and a disruption at further stages. The patient was found to carry compound heterozygotic mutations of the FSHR gene: Ile160Thr and Arg573Cys substitutions located, respectively, in the extracellular domain and in the third intracellular loop of the receptor. The mutated receptors, when expressed in COS-7 cells, showed partial functional impairment, consistent with the clinical and histological observations: the first mutation impaired cell surface expression and the second altered signal transduction of the receptor. This observation suggests that a limited FSH effect is sufficient to promote follicular growth up to the small antral stage. Further development necessitates strong FSH stimulation. The contrast between very high FSH levels and normal sized ovaries with antral follicles may thus be characteristic of such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Beau
- INSERM U. 135 Hormones Gènes et Reproduction and Laboratoire d'Hormonologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, et Institut Fédératif de Recherche IFR 21, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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44
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Christin-Maitre S, Rongières-Bertrand C, Kottler ML, Lahlou N, Frydman R, Touraine P, Bouchard P. A spontaneous and severe hyperstimulation of the ovaries revealing a gonadotroph adenoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83:3450-3. [PMID: 9768644 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.83.10.5182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We report an unusual case of a gonadotroph adenoma in a 34-yr-old woman, revealed by a dramatic rise in the plasma estradiol (E2) concentration (26,800 pmol/L; normal, <370), with nonsuppressed FSH and LH levels (4.9 and 2.4 mIU/mL, respectively). The PRL level was 503 ng/mL. The testosterone and progesterone levels were 7 and 17 nmol/L, respectively. The levels of inhibin alpha, inhibin A, and inhibin B were increased compared to normal values in both the follicular (fp) and luteal (lp) phases of the menstrual cycle [inhibin alpha, 1986 IU/L (fp normal, <700; lp normal, <1650); inhibin A, 254 pg/mL (fp normal, <20; lp normal, <120); inhibin B, 246 pg/mL (fp normal, <150; lp normal, <30 lp)]. Pituitary magnetic resonance imaging revealed a huge pituitary adenoma. After transphenoidal surgery, the patient presented with pituitary insufficiency and diabetes insipidus. RT-PCR of the tumor tissue was positive for LHbeta, FSHbeta, alpha-subunit, and PRL. This case is of particular interest because 1) although the E2 level was extremely high, the patient did not present with ascitis, suggesting that chronic elevated E2 does not play a crucial role in the hyperstimulation symptoms; 2) the extreme rise in E2 was related to the cosecretion of FSH and LH, confirming the two-cell two-gonadotropin theory; and 3) the rise in inhibin B is associated with FSH secretion, whereas the rise in inhibin A is probably due to luteinization.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Christin-Maitre
- Service d'Endocrinologie, Hopital Saint-Antoine, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, France
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45
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Goffin V, Bouchard B, Ormandy CJ, Weimann E, Ferrag F, Touraine P, Bole-Feysot C, Maaskant RA, Clement-Lacroix P, Edery M, Binart N, Kelly PA. Prolactin: a hormone at the crossroads of neuroimmunoendocrinology. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1998; 840:498-509. [PMID: 9629276 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09588.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Prolactin (PRL), secreted by the pituitary, decidua, and lymphoid cells, has been shown to have a regulatory role in reproduction, immune function, and cell growth in mammals. The effects of PRL are mediated by a membrane-bound receptor that is a member of the superfamily of cytokine receptors. Formation of a trimer, consisting of one molecule of ligand and two molecules of receptor, appears to be a necessary prerequisite for biological activity. The function of these receptors is mediated, at least in part, by two families of signaling molecules: Janus tyrosine kinases (JAKs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs). To study these receptors, we have used two approaches: mutational analysis of their cytoplasmic domains coupled with functional tests and inactivation (knockout) of the receptor gene by homologous recombination in mice. We have produced mice by gene targeting in embryonic stem cells carrying a germline null mutation of the prolactin receptor gene. Heterozygous (+/-) females show almost complete failure to lactate, following their first, but not subsequent pregnancies. Homozygous (-/-) females are infertile as a result of multiple reproductive abnormalities, including ovulation of premiotic oocytes, reduced fertilization of oocytes, reduced preimplantation oocyte development, lack of embryo implantation, and the absence of pseudopregnancy. Half of the homozygous males are infertile or show reduced fertility. In view of the wide-spread distribution of PRL receptors, other phenotypes including those on the immune system, are currently being evaluated in -/- animals. This study establishes the prolactin receptor as a key regulator of mammalian reproduction and provides the first total ablation model to further study the role of the prolactin receptor and its ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Goffin
- INSERM Unit 344, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France
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46
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Touraine P, Martini JF, Zafrani B, Durand JC, Labaille F, Malet C, Nicolas A, Trivin C, Postel-Vinay MC, Kuttenn F, Kelly PA. Increased expression of prolactin receptor gene assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction in human breast tumors versus normal breast tissues. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 1998; 83:667-74. [PMID: 9467590 DOI: 10.1210/jcem.83.2.4564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The role of PRL in human breast tumorigenesis is not well understood. One of the limitations is the difficulty of accurately measuring PRL receptors (PRLR) in human tissues. We established a quantitative PCR method (Q-PCR) in T-47D human breast cancer cells and applied it to 29 patients, 25 of whom presented with either cancer or fibroadenoma. Four patients underwent a mammoplasty, and normal epithelial cells were cultured before Q-PCR. In T-47D cells, 31 x 10(6) messenger RNA molecules were detected per microgram of total RNA. In all patients, expression of the PRLR gene was detected, varying from 1500 to 1 x 10(6) molecules/microgram of RNA in normal tissues and from 4500 to 34.7 x 10(6) molecules/microgram of RNA in tumors. PRLR expression was always greater in tumor than in normal contiguous tissue and similar in cultured mammary epithelial cells and normal breast tissues. Estradiol and progesterone receptor-negative tumors expressed low levels of PRLR transcripts, similar to normal breast tissue from menopausal women. Immunocytochemical analysis of PRLR confirmed stronger staining in almost all tumor samples compared with normal tissues. A messenger RNA encoding locally produced human PRL was also identified by RT-PCR in every sample tested. Our results confirm PRLR gene expression in all tissues studied, and moreover, indicate that this expression is increased in human breast tumors vs. normal contiguous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- INSERM Unité 344, Faculté Medecine Necker, Paris, France
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47
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Touraine P, Kuttenn F. [Secondary amenorrhea. Diagnostic orientation]. Rev Prat 1997; 47:2055-60. [PMID: 9501625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Touraine
- Département d'endocrinologie et médecine de la reproduction, hôpital Necker, Paris
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48
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Dollfus H, Gomberg S, Touraine P, Orssaud C, Hamdani M, Derome P, Kuttenn F, Dufier JL. Unusual scotomas after transsphenoidal surgery of a pituitary macroadenoma. J Neuroophthalmol 1997; 17:204-6. [PMID: 9304537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The case of a woman presenting unusual bilateral campimetric defects following transphenoidal surgery is presented. The defects, consisting of a necklace of small round scotomas, disappeared after a corticosteroid treatment. A postoperative inflammatory mechanism may explain these unusual visual field abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dollfus
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Université Paris V, France
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49
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Belin X, Sauval P, Tranbaloc P, Millet P, Kinkel K, Touraine P, Chabriais J, Moreau JF. [Ultrasound-guided biopsies for breast nodules: value of automatic biopsy needle]. Contracept Fertil Sex 1996; 24:399-406. [PMID: 8704820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Within 18 month, 83 solid breast nodules were biopsied with a long throw biopsy gun with 18 gauge needle (Monopty, Bard Urological, Covington) and a 13 Mhz real time AU 530 (Easote Biomedica, Italy) for the ultrasound guidance. The biopsy procedure was well tolerated with no serious complications, and with no insufficient material. US guided biopsy detected 9 cancers, 47 specific benign lesions (39 fibroadenomas, 1 lipofibroadenoma, 4 sclerosing adenoses, 1 fibromatosis, 1 cyst, 1 lymphadenopathy) and 27 non specific benign fibrocystic dystrophy. In 14 out of the 15 nodules surgically removed, the histological diagnoses were identical. In the one remaining case a fibroadenomas was assessed. In the 36 other cases no evolution occurred. US guided core biopsy with automatic device is probably a very useful approach of uncertain pathological diagnoses in mastology.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Belin
- Service de Radiologie (Pr Moreau), Hôpital Necker, Paris
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Leite-de-Moraes MC, Touraine P, Kelly PA, Kuttenn F, Dardenne M. Prolactin receptor expression in lymphocytes from patients with hyperprolactinemia or acromegaly. J Endocrinol 1995; 147:353-9. [PMID: 7490565 DOI: 10.1677/joe.0.1470353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Previous reports demonstrated that prolactin receptors (PRL-R) are widely expressed on cells of the immune system. We analyzed a possible regulation of PRL-R expression on human mononucleated blood cells by prolactin (PRL) itself. PRL-R expression was analyzed by immunofluorescence on T and B lymphocytes and monocytes from peripheral blood mononucleated cells (PBMC) of patients with hyperprolactinemia or acromegaly compared with sex- and age-matched control subjects. The frequency of PRL-R positive cells and the intensity of PRL-R expression was only modified among the CD8+ T cell population of hyperprolactinemic patients with macroadenoma. No correlation was reported between PRL-R expression and circulating PRL levels. The percentage of PRL-R+ cells on B or T lymphocytes and monocytes as well as the capacity of PBMC to proliferate in response to T cell mitogens were not significantly different in bromocriptine-treated compared with untreated patients. These findings suggest that factors other than pituitary PRL play the major role in regulating PRL-R expression on cells of the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Leite-de-Moraes
- Université René Descartes, Paris V, CNRS URA 1461, Hôpital Necker, Paris, France
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