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Tao Q, Lu Y, Liu Q, Chen R, Xu Y, Li G, Hu X, Ye C, Peng L, Fang R. Antibacterial activity of the antimicrobial peptide PMAP-36 in combination with tetracycline against porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli in vitro and in vivo. Vet Res 2024; 55:35. [PMID: 38520031 PMCID: PMC10960472 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-024-01295-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The increase in the emergence of antimicrobial resistance has led to great challenges in controlling porcine extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) infections. Combinations of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and antibiotics can synergistically improve antimicrobial efficacy and reduce bacterial resistance. In this study, we investigated the antibacterial activity of porcine myeloid antimicrobial peptide 36 (PMAP-36) in combination with tetracycline against porcine ExPEC PCN033 both in vitro and in vivo. The minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBCs) of AMPs (PMAP-36 and PR-39) against the ExPEC strains PCN033 and RS218 were 10 μM and 5 μM, respectively. Results of the checkerboard assay and the time-kill assay showed that PMAP-36 and antibiotics (tetracycline and gentamicin) had synergistic bactericidal effects against PCN033. PMAP-36 and tetracycline in combination led to PCN033 cell wall shrinkage, as was shown by scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, PMAP-36 delayed the emergence of PCN033 resistance to tetracycline by inhibiting the expression of the tetracycline resistance gene tetB. In a mouse model of systemic infection of PCN033, treatment with PMAP-36 combined with tetracycline significantly increased the survival rate, reduced the bacterial load and dampened the inflammatory response in mice. In addition, detection of immune cells in the peritoneal lavage fluid using flow cytometry revealed that the combination of PMAP-36 and tetracycline promoted the migration of monocytes/macrophages to the infection site. Our results suggest that AMPs in combination with antibiotics may provide more therapeutic options against multidrug-resistant porcine ExPEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Runqiu Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yating Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Fang R, Zhang RS, Wang XT, Ye SB, Xia QY, Rao Q. [Clinicopathological and molecular genetic characteristics of 10 cases of epithelioid sarcoma]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2024; 53:293-295. [PMID: 38433059 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112151-20231016-00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- R Fang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - R S Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - X T Wang
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - S B Ye
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Y Xia
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Q Rao
- Department of Pathology, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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deBoer RJ, Febbraro M, Bardayan DW, Boomershine C, Brandenburg K, Brune C, Coil S, Couder M, Derkin J, Dede S, Fang R, Fritsch A, Gula A, Gyürky G, Hackett B, Hamad G, Jones-Alberty Y, Kelmar R, Manukyan K, Matney M, McDonaugh J, Meisel Z, Moylan S, Nattress J, Odell D, O'Malley P, Paris MW, Robertson D, Shahina, Singh N, Smith K, Smith MS, Stech E, Tan W, Wiescher M. Measurement of the ^{13}C(α, n_{0})^{16}O Differential Cross Section from 0.8 to 6.5 MeV. Phys Rev Lett 2024; 132:062702. [PMID: 38394565 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.062702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
The cross section of the ^{13}C(α,n)^{16}O reaction is needed for nuclear astrophysics and applications to a precision of 10% or better, yet inconsistencies among 50 years of experimental studies currently lead to an uncertainty of ≈15%. Using a state-of-the-art neutron detection array, we have performed a high resolution differential cross section study covering a broad energy range. These measurements result in a dramatic improvement in the extrapolation of the cross section to stellar energies potentially reducing the uncertainty to ≈5% and resolving long standing discrepancies in higher energy data.
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Affiliation(s)
- R J deBoer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Febbraro
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D W Bardayan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - C Boomershine
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Brandenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Brune
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Coil
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Couder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Derkin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Dede
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - R Fang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - A Fritsch
- Department of Physics, Gonzaga University, Spokane, Washington 99258, USA
| | - A Gula
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Gy Gyürky
- Institute for Nuclear Research (Atomki), P.O.B 51, H-4001 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - B Hackett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Y Jones-Alberty
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Kelmar
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - K Manukyan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Matney
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J McDonaugh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Z Meisel
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Moylan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - J Nattress
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - D Odell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - P O'Malley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M W Paris
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Robertson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - Shahina
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - N Singh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Smith
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M S Smith
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stech
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - W Tan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
| | - M Wiescher
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, USA
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Zhu Z, Hu Z, Li S, Fang R, Ono HK, Hu DL. Molecular Characteristics and Pathogenicity of Staphylococcus aureus Exotoxins. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:395. [PMID: 38203566 PMCID: PMC10778951 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus stands as one of the most pervasive pathogens given its morbidity and mortality worldwide due to its roles as an infectious agent that causes a wide variety of diseases ranging from moderately severe skin infections to fatal pneumonia and sepsis. S. aureus produces a variety of exotoxins that serve as important virulence factors in S. aureus-related infectious diseases and food poisoning in both humans and animals. For example, staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) produced by S. aureus induce staphylococcal foodborne poisoning; toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), as a typical superantigen, induces toxic shock syndrome; hemolysins induce cell damage in erythrocytes and leukocytes; and exfoliative toxin induces staphylococcal skin scalded syndrome. Recently, Panton-Valentine leucocidin, a cytotoxin produced by community-associated methicillin-resistant S. aureus (CA-MRSA), has been reported, and new types of SEs and staphylococcal enterotoxin-like toxins (SEls) were discovered and reported successively. This review addresses the progress of and novel insights into the molecular structure, biological activities, and pathogenicity of both the classic and the newly identified exotoxins produced by S. aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihao Zhu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada 034-8628, Japan; (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.K.O.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Zuo Hu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada 034-8628, Japan; (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.K.O.)
| | - Shaowen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China;
| | - Hisaya K. Ono
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada 034-8628, Japan; (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.K.O.)
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada 034-8628, Japan; (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (H.K.O.)
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Ran J, Yin H, Xu Y, Wang Y, Li G, Wu X, Peng L, Peng Y, Fang R. RACK1 mediates NLRP3 inflammasome activation during Pasteurella multocida infection. Vet Res 2023; 54:73. [PMID: 37684678 PMCID: PMC10492393 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01195-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative bacterium that causes serious diseases in a wide range of animal species. Inflammasomes are intracellular multimolecular protein complexes that play a critical role in host defence against microbial infection. Our previous study showed that bovine P. multocida type A (PmCQ2) infection induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, the exact mechanism underlying PmCQ2-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation is not clear. Here, we show that NLRP3 inflammasome activation is positively regulated by a scaffold protein called receptor for activated C kinase 1 (RACK1). This study shows that RACK1 expression was downregulated by PmCQ2 infection in primary mouse peritoneal macrophages and mouse tissues, and overexpression of RACK1 prevented PmCQ2-induced cell death and reduced the numbers of adherent and invasive PmCQ2, indicating a modulatory role of RACK1 in the cell death that is induced by P. multocida infection. Next, RACK1 knockdown by siRNA significantly attenuated PmCQ2-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which was accompanied by a reduction in the protein expression of interleukin (IL)-1β, pro-IL-1β, caspase-1 and NLRP3 as well as the formation of ASC specks, while RACK1 overexpression by pcDNA3.1-RACK1 plasmid transfection significantly promoted PmCQ2-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation; these results showed that RACK1 is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, RACK1 knockdown decreased PmCQ2-induced NF-κB activation, but RACK1 overexpression had the opposite effect. In addition, the immunofluorescence staining and immunoprecipitation results showed that RACK1 colocalized with NLRP3 and that NEK7 and interacted with these proteins. However, inhibition of potassium efflux significantly attenuated the RACK1-NLRP3-NEK7 interaction. Our study demonstrated that RACK1 plays an important role in promoting NLRP3 inflammasome activation by regulating NF-κB and promoting NLRP3 inflammasome assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Ran
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yating Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xingping Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Lu Y, Xiang F, Xu L, Tian H, Tao Q, Jia K, Yin H, Ye C, Fang R, Peng L. The protective role of chicken cathelicidin-1 against Streptococcus suis serotype 2 in vitro and in vivo. Vet Res 2023; 54:65. [PMID: 37605242 PMCID: PMC10463303 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-023-01199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus suis serotype 2 (SS2) is an important zoonotic pathogen with the characteristics of high mortality and morbidity, which brings great challenges to prevent and control epidemic disease in the swine industry. Cathelicidins (CATH) are antimicrobial peptides with antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. In this study, bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effects of chicken cathelicidin-1 (CATH-1) were investigated in vitro and in vivo against SS2 infection. The results show that CATH-1 exhibited a better bactericidal effect compared to other species' cathelicidins including chickens (CATH-2, -3, and -B1), mice (CRAMP) and pigs (PMAP-36 and PR-39), which rapidly killed bacteria in 20 min by a time-killing curve assay. Furthermore, CATH-1 destroyed the bacterial morphology and affected bacterial ultrastructure as observed under electron microscopy. Moreover, CATH-1 antibacterial activity in vivo shows that CATH-1 increased survival rate of SS2-infected mice by 60% and significantly reduced the bacterial load in the lungs, liver, spleen, blood, and peritoneal lavage as well as the release of SS2-induced inflammatory cytokines including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-12, and IL-18. Importantly, CATH-1 did not show severe histopathological changes in mice. Further studies on the mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity show that CATH-1 not only reduced the inflammatory response through direct neutralization, but also by regulating the TLR2/4/NF-κB/ERK pathway. This study provides a scientific basis for the research and development of antimicrobial peptides as new antimicrobial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fa Xiang
- WestChina-Frontier PharmaTech Co., Ltd, Chengdu, China
| | - Liuyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Ye C, Wan C, Chen J, Li G, Li Y, Wang Y, Tao Q, Peng L, Fang R. Cathelicidin CATH-B1 Inhibits Pseudorabies Virus Infection via Direct Interaction and TLR4/JNK/IRF3-Mediated Interferon Activation. J Virol 2023:e0070623. [PMID: 37314341 PMCID: PMC10373553 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00706-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), the causative pathogen of Aujeszky's disease, is one of the most important pathogens threatening the global pig industry. Although vaccination has been used to prevent PRV infection, the virus cannot be eliminated in pigs. Thus, novel antiviral agents as complementary to vaccination are urgently needed. Cathelicidins (CATHs) are host defense peptides that play an important role in the host immune response against microbial infections. In the study, we found that the chemical synthesized chicken cathelicidin B1 (CATH-B1) could inhibit PRV regardless of whether CATH-B1 was added pre-, co-, or post-PRV infection in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, coincubation of CATH-B1 with PRV directly inactivated virus infection by disrupting the virion structure of PRV and mainly inhibited virus binding and entry. Importantly, pretreatment of CATH-B1 markedly strengthened the host antiviral immunity, as indicated by the increased expression of basal interferon-β (IFN-β) and several IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Subsequently, we investigated the signaling pathway responsible for CATH-B1-induced IFN-β production. Our results showed that CATH-B1 induced phosphorylation of interferon regulatory transcription factor 3 (IRF3) and further led to production of IFN-β and reduction of PRV infection. Mechanistic studies revealed that the activation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), endosome acidification, and the following c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) was responsible for CATH-B1-induced IRF3/IFN-β pathway activation. Collectively, CATH-B1 could markedly inhibit PRV infection via inhibiting virus binding and entry, direct inactivation, and regulating host antiviral response, which provided an important theoretical basis for the development of antimicrobial peptide drugs against PRV infection. IMPORTANCE Although the antiviral activity of cathelicidins could be explained by direct interfering with the viral infection and regulating host antiviral response, the specific mechanism of cathelicidins regulating host antiviral response and interfering with pseudorabies virus (PRV) infection remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the multiple roles of cathelicidin CATH-B1 against PRV infection. Our study showed that CATH-B1 could suppress the binding and entry stages of PRV infection and direct disrupt PRV virions. Remarkably, CATH-B1 significantly increased basal interferon-β (IFN-β) and IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression levels. Furthermore, TLR4/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling was activated and involved in IRF3/IFN-β activation in response to CATH-B1. In conclusion, we elucidate the mechanisms by which the cathelicidin peptide direct inactivates PRV infection and regulates host antiviral IFN-β signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yixuan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Pigs, Chongqing, China
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Chen J, Liu M, Li Y, Yang L, Tang Y, Dan R, Xie M, Fang R, Li N, Ye C, Peng Y. Emergence and genomic analysis of a novel sublineage of bovine ephemeral fever virus in Southwest China. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1161287. [PMID: 37032890 PMCID: PMC10073494 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1161287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Bovine ephemeral fever virus (BEFV), belonging to the genus Ephemerovirus under the family Rhabdoviridae, is the etiological cause for the bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) in cattle and water buffalo. Methods In this study, we report recent BEF outbreaks in Southwest China and sequence the complete genome sequence of one BEFV isolate BEFV/CQ1/2022. Results and Discussion Comparative genomic analyses between BEFV/CQ1/2022 and isolates available in GenBank revealed remarkable inter-isolate divergence. Meanwhile, the sequence divergence was related to the evolutionary relationships and geographical distribution of the isolates. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that the global BEFV isolates can be divided into 4 distinct lineages. The East Asia lineage was the most diverse and could be subdivided into 4 sublineages. Notably, BEFV/CQ1/2022 and other 10 recent isolates from Mainland China were found to be clustered in sublineage 2. Additionally, recombination analysis provided evidence of BEFV recombination among East Asian isolates for the first time. Taken together, a novel sublineage of the East Asian BEFV emerged in Southwest China, and large divergence and potential recombination among BEFV strains were investigated in this study, which may improve understanding of BEFV epidemiology and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chao Ye
- *Correspondence: Yuanyi Peng, ; Chao Ye,
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Wu X, Zeng Z, Tian H, Peng L, Xu D, Wang Y, Ye C, Peng Y, Fang R. The important role of NLRP6 inflammasome in Pasteurella multocida infection. Vet Res 2022; 53:81. [PMID: 36224650 PMCID: PMC9558406 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida) can cause severe respiratory disease in cattle, resulting in high mortality and morbidity. Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes in the cytoplasm that recognize pathogens and play an important role in the host defense against microbial infection. In this study, the mechanism of P. multocida-induced NLRP6 inflammasome activation was investigated in vitro and in vivo. Firstly, P. multocida induced severe inflammation with a large number of inflammatory cells infiltrating the lungs of WT and Nlrp6−/− mice. Nlrp6−/− mice were more susceptible to P. multocida infection and they had more bacterial burden in the lungs. Then, the recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils in the lungs was investigated and the results show that the number of immune cells was significantly decreased in Nlrp6−/− mice. Subsequently, NLRP6 was shown to regulate P. multocida-induced inflammatory cytokine secretion including IL-1β and IL-6 both in vivo and in vitro while TNF-α secretion was not altered. Moreover, NLRP6 was found to mediate caspase-1 activation and ASC oligomerization, resulting in IL-1β secretion. Furthermore, NLRP6 inflammasome mediated the gene expression of chemokines including CXCL1, CXCL2 and CXCR2 which drive the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes. Finally, NLRP3 protein expression was detected to be abrogated in P. multocida-infected Nlrp6−/− macrophages, indicating the synergic effect of NLRP6 and NLRP3. Our study demonstrates that NLRP6 inflammasome plays an important role in the host against P. multocida infection and contributes to the development of immune therapeutics against P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingping Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Chongqing Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China. .,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China. .,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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10
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Peng L, Tian H, Lu Y, Jia K, Ran J, Tao Q, Li G, Wan C, Ye C, Veldhuizen EJA, Chen H, Fang R. Chicken cathelicidin-2 promotes NLRP3 inflammasome activation in macrophages. Vet Res 2022; 53:69. [PMID: 36064470 PMCID: PMC9446576 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-022-01083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken cathelicidin-2 (CATH-2) as a host defense peptide has been identified to have potent antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Here, we reported the mechanism by which CATH-2 modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Our results show that CATH-2 and ATP as a positive control induced secretion of IL-1β and IL-1α in LPS-primed macrophages but did not affect secretion of IL-6, IL-12 and TNF-α. Furthermore, CATH-2 induced caspase-1 activation and oligomerization of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a carboxy- terminal caspase recruitment domain (ASC), which is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation. However, CATH-2 failed to induce IL-1β secretion in Nlrp3-/-, Asc-/- and Casp1-/- macrophages. Notably, IL-1β and NLRP3 mRNA expression were not affected by CATH-2. In addition, CATH-2-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation was mediated by K+ efflux but independent of the P2X7 receptor that is required for ATP-mediated K+ efflux. Gene interference of NEK7 kinase which has been identified to directly interact with NLRP3, significantly reduced IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 activation induced by CATH-2. Furthermore, confocal microscopy shows that CATH-2 significantly induced lysosomal leakage with the diffusion of dextran fluorescent signal. Cathepsin B inhibitors completely abrogated IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 activation as well as attenuating the formation of ASC specks induced by CATH-2. These results all indicate that CATH-2-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is mediated by K+ efflux, and involves the NEK7 protein and cathepsin B. In conclusion, our study shows that CATH-2 acts as a second signal to activate NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study provides new insight into CATH-2 modulating immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jinrong Ran
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China. .,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Medical Research, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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11
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Gong T, Lu T, Mi JX, Fang R, Shan C. [Research progress on the mechanisms of cryotherapy and its application in laryngopharyngeal diseases]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2022; 57:1023-1027. [PMID: 36058675 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn115330-20211221-00811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Gong
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - T Lu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - J X Mi
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - R Fang
- the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Eye, Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China
| | - Chunlei Shan
- School of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China Center of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai 201203, China
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12
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Lu Y, Tian H, Chen R, Liu Q, Jia K, Hu DL, Chen H, Ye C, Peng L, Fang R. Synergistic Antimicrobial Effect of Antimicrobial Peptides CATH-1, CATH-3, and PMAP-36 With Erythromycin Against Bacterial Pathogens. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:953720. [PMID: 35910608 PMCID: PMC9335283 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.953720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
With the increasing bacterial resistance to traditional antibiotics, there is an urgent need for the development of alternative drugs or adjuvants of antibiotics to enhance antibacterial efficiency. The combination of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and traditional antibiotics is a potential alternative to enhance antibacterial efficiency. In this study, we investigated the synergistic bactericidal effect of AMPs, including chicken (CATH-1,−2,−3, and -B1), mice (CRAMP), and porcine (PMAP-36 and PR-39) in combination with conventional antibiotics containing ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamicin, and erythromycin against Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella enteritidis, and Escherichia coli. The results showed that the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of CATH-1,−3 and PMAP-36 was lower than 10 μM, indicating that these three AMPs had good bacterial activity against S. aureus, S. enteritidis, and E. coli. Then, the synergistic antibacterial activity of AMPs and antibiotics combination was determined by the fractional bactericidal concentration index (FBCI). The results showed that the FBCI of AMPs (CATH-1,−3 and PMAP-36) and erythromycin was lower than 0.5 against bacterial pathogens, demonstrating that they had a synergistic bactericidal effect. Furthermore, the time-killing kinetics of AMPs (CATH-1,−3 and PMAP-36) in combination with erythromycin showed that they had a continuous killing effect on bacteria within 3 h. Notably, the combination showed lower hemolytic activity and cytotoxicity to mammal cells compared to erythromycin and peptide alone treatment. In addition, the antibacterial mechanism of CATH-1 and erythromycin combination against E. coli was studied. The results of the scanning electron microscope showed that CATH-1 enhanced the antibacterial activity of erythromycin by increasing the permeability of bacterial cell membrane. Moreover, the results of bacterial migration movement showed that the combination of CATH-1 and erythromycin significantly inhibits the migration of E. coli. Finally, drug resistance analysis was performed and the results showed that CATH-1 delayed the emergence of E. coli resistance to erythromycin. In conclusion, the combination of CATH-1 and erythromycin has synergistic antibacterial activity and reduces the emergence of bacterial drug resistance. Our study provides valuable information to develop AMPs as potential substitutes or adjuvants for traditional antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runqiu Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada, Aomori, Japan
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Lianci Peng
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Rendong Fang
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He F, Qiu Y, Wu X, Xia Y, Yang L, Wu C, Li P, Zhang R, Fang R, Li N, Peng Y. Slc6a13 Deficiency Attenuates Pasteurella multocida Infection-Induced Inflammation via Glycine-Inflammasome Signaling. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:107-121. [PMID: 35797984 PMCID: PMC10643921 DOI: 10.1159/000525089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that Slc6a13-deficient (Slc6a13-/-; KO) mice are resistant to P. multocida infection, which might be in connection with macrophage-mediated inflammation; however, the specific metabolic mechanism is still enigmatic. Here we reproduce the less sensitive to P. multocida infection in overall survival assays as well as reduced bacterial loads, tissue lesions, and inflammation of lungs in KO mice. The transcriptome sequencing analysis of wild-type (WT) and KO mice shows a large number of differentially expressed genes that are enriched in amino acid metabolism by functional analysis. Of note, glycine levels are substantially increased in the lungs of KO mice with or without P. multocida infection in comparison to the WT controls. Interestingly, exogenous glycine supplementation alleviates P. multocida infection-induced inflammation. Mechanistically, glycine reduces the production of inflammatory cytokines in macrophages by blocking the activation of inflammasome (NALP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and Caspase-1). Together, Slc6a13 deficiency attenuates P. multocida infection through lessening the excessive inflammatory responses of macrophages involving glycine-inflammasome signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangyang Qiu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yaoyao Xia
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chenlu Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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14
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Peng L, Lu Y, Tian H, Jia K, Tao Q, Li G, Wan C, Ye C, Veldhuizen EJA, Chen H, Fang R. Chicken cathelicidin-2 promotes IL-1β secretion via the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and serine proteases activity in LPS-primed murine neutrophils. Dev Comp Immunol 2022; 131:104377. [PMID: 35189160 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cathelicidins have antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities. Previous studies have shown that chicken cathelicidin-2 (CATH-2) exerts strong anti-inflammatory activity through LPS neutralization. However, it is still unclear whether other intracellular signaling pathways are involved in CATH-2 immunomodulation. Therefore, the CATH-2-meadiated immune response was investigated in LPS-primed neutrophils. Firstly, inflammatory cytokines release was determined in LPS-primed neutrophils. The results showed that CATH-2 significantly promoted secretion of IL-1β and IL-1α while IL-6 and TNF-α were not affected. IL-1β is the key indicator of inflammasome activation. Next, NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway was explored using neutrophils of Nlrp3-/-, Asc-/- and Casp1-/- mice and the results showed that the CATH-2-enhanced IL-1β release was completely abrogated, indicating it is NLRP3-dependent. Moreover, CATH-2 significantly induced activation of caspase-1 and gasdermin D (GSDMD) but did not affect LPS-induced mRNA expression of IL-1β and NLRP3, demonstrating that CATH-2 serves as the second signal activating the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, CATH-2-mediated IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 activation is dependent on potassium efflux but independent of P2X7R. In addition, other signaling pathways including JNK, ERK and SyK were investigated using different inhibitors and the results showed that these signaling pathway inhibitors partially attenuated CATH-2-enhanced IL-1β secretion, especially the JNK inhibitor. Finally, the role of serine protease in CATH-2-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome activation was investigated in neutrophils and the results showed that serine protease activity is involved in CATH-2-enhanced IL-1β secretion and caspase-1 activation. In conclusion, after LPS priming in neutrophils, CATH-2 can be an agonist of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Our study increases the understanding on immunomodulatory effects of chicken cathelicidins and provides new insight on chicken cathelicidins-mediated immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Hongliang Tian
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Wan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Edwin J A Veldhuizen
- Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Division Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Section Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Immunology Research Center, Institute of Medical Research, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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15
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Tao Q, Xu D, Jia K, Cao X, Ye C, Xie S, Hu DL, Peng L, Fang R. NLRP6 Serves as a Negative Regulator of Neutrophil Recruitment and Function During Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:898559. [PMID: 35694317 PMCID: PMC9174927 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.898559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an invasive pathogen with high morbidity and mortality in the immunocompromised children and elderly. NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 6 (NLRP6) plays an important role in the host innate immune response against pathogen infections. Our previous studies have shown that NLRP6 plays a negative regulatory role in host defense against S. pneumoniae, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The further negative regulatory role of NLRP6 in the host was investigated in this study. Our results showed that NLRP6−/− mice in the lung had lower bacterial burdens after S. pneumoniae infection and expressed higher level of tight junction (TJ) protein occludin compared to WT mice, indicating the detrimental role of NLRP6 in the host defense against S. pneumoniae infection. Transcriptome analysis showed that genes related to leukocytes migration and recruitment were differentially expressed between wild-type (WT) and NLRP6 knockout (NLRP6−/−) mice during S. pneumoniae infection. Also, NLRP6−/− mice showed higher expression of chemokines including C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1 (CXCL1) and 2 (CXCL2) and lower gene expression of complement C3a receptor 1 (C3aR1) and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) which are the factors that inhibit the recruitment of neutrophils. Furthermore, NLRP6−/− neutrophils showed increased intracellular bactericidal ability and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) during S. pneumoniae infection. Taken together, our study suggests that NLRP6 is a negative regulator of neutrophil recruitment and function during S. pneumoniae infection. Our study provides a new insight to develop novel strategies to treat invasive pneumococcal infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention at University of Groningen/University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Kaixiang Jia
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinrui Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Sanlei Xie
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada, Japan
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Lianci Peng,
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Rendong Fang,
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16
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Wang Y, Zeng Z, Ran J, Peng L, Wu X, Ye C, Dong C, Peng Y, Fang R. The Critical Role of Potassium Efflux and Nek7 in Pasteurella multocida-Induced NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:849482. [PMID: 35350616 PMCID: PMC8957907 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.849482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a zoonotic pathogen causing respiratory infection in different animal species such as cattle, sheep, pigs, chickens and humans. Inflammasome is a complex assembled by multiple proteins in the cytoplasm and plays an important role in the host defense against microbial infection. Bovine Pasteurella multocida type A (PmCQ2) infection induces NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1β secretion, but the mechanism of PmCQ2-induced activation of NLRP3 inflammasome is still unknown. Therefore, the underlying mechanism was investigated in this study. The results showed that potassium efflux mediated PmCQ2-induced IL-1β secretion and blocking potassium efflux attenuated PmCQ2-induced caspase-1 activation and ASC oligomerization. Furthermore, NIMA-related kinase 7 (Nek7) was also involved in PmCQ2-induced caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion. In addition, PmCQ2 infection promoted Nek7-NLRP3 interaction, which is dependent on potassium efflux. In conclusion, our results indicate the critical role of potassium efflux and Nek7 in Pasteurella multocida-induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation, which provides useful information about Pasteurella multocida-induced host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinrong Ran
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingping Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chunxia Dong
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Herbivore Science, Chongqing, China
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17
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Ye C, Huang Q, Jiang J, Li G, Xu D, Zeng Z, Peng L, Peng Y, Fang R. ATP-dependent activation of NLRP3 inflammasome in primary murine macrophages infected by pseudorabies virus. Vet Microbiol 2021; 259:109130. [PMID: 34052623 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), an alphaherpesvirus, causes respiratory and reproductive diseases in pigs and severe nervous symptom in other susceptible hosts. Previous studies showed that PRV infection induced a systemic inflammatory response in mice, indicating that pro-inflammatory cytokines participated in viral neuropathy in mice. The pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β is a key mediator of the inflammatory response and plays an important role in host-response to pathogens. However, the secretion of IL-1β and its relationship with inflammasome activation during PRV infection remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that PRV infection caused significant secretion of several pro-inflammatory cytokines in macrophages and promoted IL-1β secretion in an ATP-dependent manner. Furthermore, the expression of IL-1β can be induced by only PRV infection and depended on NF-κB pathway activation, while the subsequent secretion of IL-1β was mediated by ATP-induced P2 × 7R activation, loss of intracellular K+, and the subsequent NLRP3 inflammasome activation. By using a mouse infection model, we also found that ATP exacerbated clinical signs and death of mice infected by PRV in a NLRP3-dependent manner. These results indicate that ATP facilitates activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and enhances the pathogenicity of PRV in mice during its acute infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Gang Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China; Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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18
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Abstract
AbstractStaphylococcal superantigen (SAg) toxins are the most notable virulence factors associated with Staphylococcus aureus, which is a pathogen associated with serious community and hospital acquired infections in humans and various diseases in animals. Recently, SAg toxins have become a superfamily with 29 types, including staphylococcal enterotoxins (SEs) with emetic activity, SE-like toxins (SEls) that do not induce emesis in primate models or have yet not been tested, and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1). SEs and SEls can be subdivided into classical types (SEA to SEE) and novel types (SEG to SElY, SE01, SE02, SEl26 and SEl27). The genes of SAg toxins are located in diverse accessory genetic elements and share certain structural and biological properties. SAg toxins are heat-stable proteins that exhibit pyrogenicity, superantigenicity and capacity to induce lethal hypersensitivity to endotoxin in humans and animals. They have multiple pathogenicities that can interfere with normal immune function of host, increase the chances of survival and transmission of pathogenic bacteria in host, consequently contribute to the occurrence and development of various infections, persistent infections or food poisoning. This review focuses on the following aspects of SAg toxins: (1) superfamily members of classic and novelty discovered staphylococcal SAgs; (2) diversity of gene locations and molecular structural characteristics; (3) biological characteristics and activities; (4) multi-pathogenicity of SAgs in animal and human diseases, including bovine mastitis, swine sepsis, abscesses and skin edema in pig, arthritis and septicemia in poultry, and nosocomial infections and food-borne diseases in humans.
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Hou F, Peng L, Jiang J, Chen T, Xu D, Huang Q, Ye C, Peng Y, Hu DL, Fang R. ATP Facilitates Staphylococcal Enterotoxin O Induced Neutrophil IL-1β Secretion via NLRP3 Inflammasome Dependent Pathways. Front Immunol 2021; 12:649235. [PMID: 34017331 PMCID: PMC8129502 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.649235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is an important zoonotic food-borne pathogen causing severe invasive infections, such as sepsis, pneumonia, food poisoning, toxic shock syndrome and autoimmune diseases. Staphylococcal enterotoxin O (SEO) is a new type of enterotoxins of S. aureus with superantigenic and emetic activity. However, it is still unclear about SEO-induced host inflammatory response. Therefore, the mechanism of SEO-induced interleukin-1β (IL-1β) secretion in mouse neutrophils was investigated in this study. Our results showed that recombinant SEO had superantigenic activity with high level of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) production in mouse spleen cells and induced inflammatory cytokines expression including IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α in neutrophils under the action of ATP. In addition, SEO-induced IL-1β secretion was dependent on activation of Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathways. However, SEO-induced IL-1β secretion was abolished in the neutrophils of NLRP3-/- mice compared with those of wild type mice, indicating that activation of NLRP3 inflammasome mediated IL-1β secretion during neutrophils stimulation with SEO under the action of ATP. Moreover, this process of SEO+ATP-induced IL-1β secretion was dependent on potassium (K+) efflux. Taken together, our study suggests that activation of TLR4/JNK/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling pathway mediate maturation and secretion of IL-1β and provides a new insight on S. aureus virulence factor-induced host immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengqing Hou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Zoonoses, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Japan
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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20
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Xu D, Wu X, Peng L, Chen T, Huang Q, Wang Y, Ye C, Peng Y, Hu D, Fang R. The Critical Role of NLRP6 Inflammasome in Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection In Vitro and In Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083876. [PMID: 33918100 PMCID: PMC8069100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) causes severe pulmonary diseases, leading to high morbidity and mortality. It has been reported that inflammasomes such as NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) play an important role in the host defense against S. pneumoniae infection. However, the role of NLRP6 in vivo and in vitro against S. pneumoniae remains unclear. Therefore, we investigated the role of NLRP6 in regulating the S. pneumoniae-induced inflammatory signaling pathway in vitro and the role of NLRP6 in the host defense against S. pneumoniae in vivo by using NLRP6−/− mice. The results showed that the NLRP6 inflammasome regulated the maturation and secretion of IL-1β, but it did not affect the induction of IL-1β transcription in S. pneumoniae-infected macrophages. Furthermore, the activation of caspase-1, caspase-11, and gasdermin D (GSDMD) as well as the oligomerization of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC) were also mediated by NLRP6 in S. pneumoniae-infected macrophages. However, the activation of NLRP6 reduced the expression of NF-κB and ERK signaling pathways in S. pneumoniae-infected macrophages. In vivo study showed that NLRP6−/− mice had a higher survival rate, lower number of bacteria, and milder inflammatory response in the lung compared with wild-type (WT) mice during S. pneumoniae infection, indicating that NLRP6 plays a negative role in the host defense against S. pneumoniae. Furthermore, increased bacterial clearance in NLRP6 deficient mice was modulated by the recruitment of macrophages and neutrophils. Our study provides a new insight on S. pneumoniae-induced activation of NLRP6 and suggests that blocking NLRP6 could be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy to treat S. pneumoniae infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Xingping Wu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Lianci Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Tingting Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Yu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
| | - Dongliang Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
- Department of Zoonoses, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada 034-8628, Japan
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (D.X.); (X.W.); (L.P.); (T.C.); (Q.H.); (Y.W.); (C.Y.); (Y.P.); (D.H.)
- Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing 402460, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +86-23-68251196
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21
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He F, Zhao Z, Wu X, Duan L, Li N, Fang R, Li P, Peng Y. Transcriptomic Analysis of High- and Low-Virulence Bovine Pasteurella multocida in vitro and in vivo. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:616774. [PMID: 33644147 PMCID: PMC7902865 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.616774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is a gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that causes various diseases in poultry, livestock, and humans, resulting in huge economic losses. Pasteurella multocida serotype A CQ6 (PmCQ6) is a naturally occurring attenuated strain, while P. multocida serotype A strain CQ2 (PmCQ2) is a highly virulent strain isolated from calves. Compared with PmCQ2, it was found that bacterial loads and tissue lesions of lung tissue significantly decreased and survival rates significantly improved in mice infected with PmCQ6 by intranasal infection. However, comparative genome analysis showed that the similarity between the two strains is more than 99%. To further explore the virulence difference mechanism of PmCQ2 and PmCQ6, transcriptome sequencing analysis of the two strains was performed. The RNA sequencing analysis of PmCQ2 and PmCQ6 showed a large number of virulence-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in vivo and in vitro. Among them, 38 virulence-related DGEs were significantly up-regulated due to PmCQ6 infection, while the number of PmCQ2 infection was 46, much more than PmCQ6. In addition, 18 virulence-related DEGs (capsule, iron utilization, lipopolysaccharide, and outer membrane protein-related genes) were up-regulated in PmCQ2 infection compared to PmCQ6 infection, exhibiting a higher intensive expression level in vivo. Our findings indicate that these virulence-related DEGs (especially capsule) might be responsible for the virulence of PmCQ2 and PmCQ6, providing prospective candidates for further studies on pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zongling Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industry, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijie Duan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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22
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Ye C, Xu D, Chen J, Hou F, Wang Y, Xu Y, Zeng Z, Peng Y, Hu DL, Fang R. Antimicrobial Resistance and Molecular Characterization of Class 1 Integron in Salmonella Isolates Recovered from Pig Farms in Chongqing, China. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2021; 18:712-717. [PMID: 33493405 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2020.2881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella is considered one of the leading causes for foodborne diseases in humans. Pork and its products contaminated with Salmonella are increasingly recognized as an important source of human salmonellosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial resistance and prevalence of integrons in Salmonella isolates from pig farms. In total, 92 of 724 (12.7%) samples were Salmonella-positive, including 64 (15.0%) from fecal samples, 27 (12.6%) from floor samples, 1 (4.5%) from water samples, and 0 from feed and air samples. These isolates showed the highest resistance to tetracycline (85.9%), followed by trimethoprim (67.4%), ampicillin (60.9%), and chloramphenicol (51.1%). In addition, 51 isolates carried the complete class 1 integron, most of which (42/51) harbored antibiotic resistance cassettes. A total of six gene cassettes including orfF, est-X, dfrA1+aadA1, aadA1, dfrA12+aadA2, and sat were identified, in which the most prevalent one was orfF (29.4%). Furthermore, all 19 class 1 integron-positive isolates harboring dfr genes showed resistance to trimethoprim (SXT), suggesting that the trimethoprim resistance gene (dfr) may contribute to the emergence of SXT resistance phenotype. Therefore, considering the significance of integrons and related resistance genes for public health, special measures should be taken to control Salmonella spp. on the pig farms and to prevent spread of integrons and associated resistance genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengqing Hou
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuwei Xu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada, Japan
| | - Rendong Fang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Animal Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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23
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He F, Qin X, Xu N, Li P, Wu X, Duan L, Du Y, Fang R, Hardwidge PR, Li N, Peng Y. Pasteurella multocida Pm0442 Affects Virulence Gene Expression and Targets TLR2 to Induce Inflammatory Responses. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1972. [PMID: 32922380 PMCID: PMC7456837 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an important pathogenic bacterium of domestic animals. However, the mechanisms of infection are still poorly understood. Here, we found that Pm0442 was dramatically up-regulated in infected mice among 67 predicted lipoproteins of P. multocida serotype A CQ2 strain (PmCQ2). To explore the role of Pm0442 in virulence and the potential of the mutant as a vaccine, Pm0442 mutant of PmCQ2 was successfully constructed. Then, the virulence characteristics, immune/inflammatory responses, and the survival rates of challenged mice were determined. As a result, it was found that the Pm0442 deletion of PmCQ2 significantly decreased bacterial loads and inflammatory responses of lung tissue in mice, resulting in improved survival. Mechanically, Pm0442 affects PmCQ2 capsular and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) synthesis and iron utilization-related genes expression affecting adhesion and phagocytosis. Furthermore, PM0442 bound directly to Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) to mediate the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-12p40) in macrophages via activation of the NF-κB, ERK1/2 and p38 signaling pathways. Notably, PmCQ2Δ0442 could provide 70-80% protection to mice challenged with 3.08 × 107 CFU of PmCQ2. Our findings demonstrate that Pm0442 is a virulence-related gene of PmCQ2, which provides new guidance for the prevention and control of Pasteurellosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaobin Qin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Na Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijie Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiyang Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Philip R. Hardwidge
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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24
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Robledo EA, Schutzman R, Fang R, Fernandez C, Kwasinski R, Leiva K, Perez-Clavijo F, Godavarty A. Physiological wound assessment from coregistered and segmented tissue hemoglobin maps. J Opt Soc Am A Opt Image Sci Vis 2020; 37:1249-1256. [PMID: 32749259 DOI: 10.1364/josaa.394985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A handheld near-infrared optical scanner (NIROS) was recently developed to map for effective changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin concentration in diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) across weeks of treatment. Herein, a coregistration and image segmentation approach was implemented to overlay hemoglobin maps onto the white light images of ulcers. Validation studies demonstrated over 97% accuracy in coregistration. Coregistration was further applied to a healing DFU across weeks of healing. The potential to predict changes in wound healing was observed when comparing the coregistered and segmented hemoglobin concentration area maps to the visual area of the wound.
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25
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Xia NB, Lu Y, Zhao PF, Wang CF, Li YY, Tan L, Fang R, Zhou YQ, Shen B, Zhao JL. Genotyping and characterization of Toxoplasma gondii strain isolated from pigs in Hubei province, central China. Trop Biomed 2020; 37:489-498. [PMID: 33612818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Toxoplasma gondii, a ubiquitous pathogen that infects nearly all warm-blooded animals and humans, can cause severe complications to the infected people and animals as well as serious economic losses and social problems. Here, one local strain (TgPIG-WH1) was isolated from an aborted pig fetus, and the genotype of this strain was identified as ToxoDB #3 by the PCR RFLP typing method using 10 molecular markers (SAG1, SAG2, alternative SAG2, SAG3, BTUB, GRA6, L358, PK1, C22-8, C29-2 and Apico). A comparison of the virulence of this isolate with other strains in both mice and piglets showed that TgPIG-WH1 was less virulent than type 1 strain RH and type 2 strain ME49 in mice, and caused similar symptoms to those of ME49 such as fever in piglets. Additionally, in piglet infection with both strains, the TgPIG-WH1 caused a higher IgG response and more severe pathological damages than ME49. Furthermore, TgPIG-WH1 caused one death in the 5 infected piglets, whereas ME49 did not, suggesting the higher virulence of TgPIG-WH1 than ME49 during piglet infection. Experimental infections indicate that the virulence of TgPIG-WH1 relative to ME49 is weaker in mice, but higher in pigs. This is probably the first report regarding a ToxoDB #3 strain from pigs in Hubei, China. These data will facilitate the understanding of genetic diversity of Toxoplasma strains in China as well as the prevention and control of porcine toxoplasmosis in the local region.
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Affiliation(s)
- N B Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Y Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - P F Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - C F Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Y Y Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - L Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - Y Q Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - B Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
| | - J L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine in Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei Province, PR China
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26
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Chiu WC, Powers DB, Hirshon JM, Shackelford SA, Hu PF, Chen SY, Chen HH, Mackenzie CF, Miller CH, DuBose JJ, Carroll C, Fang R, Scalea TM. Impact of trauma centre capacity and volume on the mortality risk of incoming new admissions. BMJ Mil Health 2020; 168:212-217. [PMID: 32474436 DOI: 10.1136/bmjmilitary-2020-001483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Trauma centre capacity and surge volume may affect decisions on where to transport a critically injured patient and whether to bypass the closest facility. Our hypothesis was that overcrowding and high patient acuity would contribute to increase the mortality risk for incoming admissions. METHODS For a 6-year period, we merged and cross-correlated our institutional trauma registry with a database on Trauma Resuscitation Unit (TRU) patient admissions, movement and discharges, with average capacity of 12 trauma bays. The outcomes of overall hospital and 24 hours mortality for new trauma admissions (NEW) were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS There were 42 003 (mean=7000/year) admissions having complete data sets, with 36 354 (87%) patients who were primary trauma admissions, age ≥18 and survival ≥15 min. In the logistic regression model for the entire cohort, NEW admission hospital mortality was only associated with NEW admission age and prehospital Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and Shock Index (SI) (all p<0.05). When TRU occupancy reached ≥16 patients, the factors associated with increased NEW admission hospital mortality were existing patients (TRU >1 hour) with SI ≥0.9, recent admissions (TRU ≤1 hour) with age ≥65, NEW admission age and prehospital GCS and SI (all p<0.05). CONCLUSION The mortality of incoming patients is not impacted by routine trauma centre overcapacity. In conditions of severe overcrowding, the number of admitted patients with shock physiology and a recent surge of elderly/debilitated patients may influence the mortality risk of a new trauma admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- William C Chiu
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - D B Powers
- Director, Craniomaxillofacial Trauma Program, Duke University Hospital, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - J M Hirshon
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - P F Hu
- University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Y Chen
- National Yunlin University of Science and Technology, Douliou, Taiwan
| | - H H Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C F Mackenzie
- Shock Trauma and Anesthesiology Research - Organized Research Center (STAR-ORC), University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - C H Miller
- US Air Force Materiel Command, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio, USA
| | - J J DuBose
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Center for Sustainment of Trauma and Readiness Skills - Baltimore, US Air Force Medical Service, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - R Fang
- Surgery, Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - T M Scalea
- R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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27
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Zhang H, Tang K, Fang R, Sun Q. What dermatologists could do to cope with the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2): a dermatologist's perspective from China. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:e211-e212. [PMID: 32220020 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - K Tang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Q Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China
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28
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Wang Y, Zhang H, Fang R, Tang K, Sun Q. The top 100 most cited articles in rosacea: a bibliometric analysis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020; 34:2177-2182. [PMID: 32078196 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.16305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Wang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
- Eight‐year MD Program Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - H. Zhang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
- Eight‐year MD Program Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - R. Fang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
| | - K. Tang
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
- Eight‐year MD Program Peking Union Medical College Beijing China
| | - Q. Sun
- Department of Dermatology Peking Union Medical College Hospital Beijing China
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29
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Chen T, Jiang J, Ye C, Xie J, Chen X, Xu D, Zeng Z, Peng Y, Hu DL, Fang R. Genotypic characterization and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella isolated from chicken, pork and the environment at abattoirs and supermarkets in Chongqing, China. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:456. [PMID: 31852466 PMCID: PMC6921453 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2202-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Salmonella is one of the most important foodborne pathogens, causing outbreaks of human salmonellosis worldwide. Owing to large scales of consumption markets, pork and poultry that contaminated by Salmonella could pose a tremendous threat to public health. The aim of this study was to investigate the contamination of Salmonella from chicken, pork and the environment in slaughtering and retail processes in Chongqing, China. Results A total of 115 Salmonella isolates were recovered from 1112 samples collected from pork, chicken and the environment. Compared with the isolation rate of samples from chicken (9.50%) and the environment (6.23%), samples from pork had a significant higher isolation rate (44.00%). The isolation rates in slaughterhouses (10.76%) and in supermarkets (10.07%) showed no statistical difference. Thirty different serotypes were identified among all the isolates. S. Derby (n = 26), S. London (n = 16) and S. Rissen (n = 12) were the dominant serotypes. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing revealed that 73.04% isolates were resistant to tetracycline, followed by 66.96% to ampicillin and 59.13% to doxycycline. More than half (50.43%) of the isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR), and most of the MDR isolates were from supermarkets. Multilocus sequence typing results showed 24 out of 115 isolates were ST40, which was the most prevalent. Furthermore, isolates from supermarkets had 20 different sequence types while isolates from slaughterhouses only had 8 different sequence types. Conclusion Our study highlighted that Salmonella was more frequently isolated in pork production chain than that in chicken. Compared with isolates from slaughterhouses, isolates from supermarkets had more MDR profiles and represented a wider range of serotypes and sequence types, indicating that the retail process had more diverse sources of Salmonella contamination than that of slaughtering process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Xia Chen
- Animal Husbandry and Aquatic Products Station of Yubei District, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center; Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing, 401120, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Towada, 034-8628, Japan
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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30
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Fang R, Zhao NN, Zeng KX, Wen Q, Xiao P, Luo X, Liu XW, Wang YL. MicroRNA-544 inhibits inflammatory response and cell apoptosis after cerebral ischemia reperfusion by targeting IRAK4. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 22:5605-5613. [PMID: 30229835 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201809_15825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Stroke remains the most common malignant cerebrovascular event in the world. The correlation between the expression of miR-544 and the degree of cerebral ischemia reperfusion (CIR) injury has not been well recognized in recent years. This study focuses on the effect of miR-544 on inflammation and apoptosis after CIR. PATIENTS AND METHODS Plasma expression of miR-544 in ischemic stroke (IS) patients and healthy controls was determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effects of miR-544 on cerebral infarction and neurological deficits were verified in vitro by tail vein injection of Ago-miR-544. Western blotting was utilized to examine protein expressions of key proteins involving in inflammation and apoptosis in mouse brain. Western blotting, immunofluorescence staining and luciferase assays were used to demonstrate whether miR-544 influences the expression of interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 4 (IRAK4), downstream inflammatory and apoptosis-related proteins. RESULTS MiR-544 was found decreased in peripheral blood of IS patients compared with healthy controls. MiR-544 has been shown to relieve neurological deficits and reduce the volume of cerebral infarction in mice. Overexpression of miR-544 ameliorated the inflammation and apoptotic responses in brain tissue after ischemia reperfusion by down-regulating the expression of IRAK4, whereas the low expression was opposite in vivo and in vitro. CONCLUSIONS We found that miR-544 may participate in controlling inflammation and apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion by targeting IRAK4, providing possible diagnostic indicators and therapeutic targets for IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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31
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Xiao P, Liu XW, Zhao NN, Fang R, Wen Q, Zeng KX, Wang YL. Correlations of neuronal apoptosis with expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun in rats with post-ischemic reconditioning damage. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 22:2832-2838. [PMID: 29771436 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201805_14984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Transcription factors (c-Fos and c-Jun) have been considered to play roles in the initiation of programmed nerve cell death. However, the roles of c-Fos and c-Jun protein expressions in neuronal apoptosis of rats with post-ischemic reconditioning damage were not clarified. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the correlations of protein expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun with neuronal apoptosis of rats with post-ischemic reconditioning damage. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rat models of post-ischemic reconditioning were established firstly. Then, apoptosis was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, and the gene expression levels of apoptosis-related proteins [cytochrome c (Cyt c), B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax)] were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Lastly, Western blotting was used to determine the protein expression levels of c-Fos and c-Jun, and the expressions of c-Fos and c-Jun in brain tissues of models were measured by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Treatment group had significantly increased malonaldehyde (MDA) level and significantly decreased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in rat cortex compared with those in control group (p<0.05). The number of TUNEL positive cells in the right cortex of rats in the treatment group was clearly higher than that in control group. Among them, post-ischemic reperfusion group had reduced level of Bax in the cytoplasm, but increased Bax level in the mitochondrion, and lowered expression level of Bcl-2 in both mitochondrion and cytoplasm in comparison with control group. Dynamic detection results of c-Jun were in synchronization with those of apoptosis proteins, and maximum expression occurred at 24 h after treatment. CONCLUSIONS c-Jun may play a role in the initiation of apoptotic cell death in these neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Shenzhen Dapeng New District Nan'ao People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
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32
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Ye C, Wu X, Chen T, Huang Q, Fang R, An T. The updated analysis of African swine fever virus genomes: Two novel genotypes are identified. J Infect 2019; 80:232-254. [PMID: 31669379 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2019.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Xingping Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Tongqing An
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Harbin 150069, China.
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33
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Zhou Z, Li H, Tian S, Yi W, Zhou Y, Yang H, Li X, Wu B, Li X, Wu J, Wang Z, Hu S, Fang R. Critical roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in IL-1β secretion induced by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis in vitro. Mol Immunol 2019; 116:11-17. [PMID: 31563023 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2019.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis is a prominent human and animal pathogen causing chronic inflammatory diseases. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is involved in the response to such pathogenic infections. However, the mechanism by which IL-1β is secreted during C. pseudotuberculosis infection remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the mechanism underlying IL-1β secretion by macrophages infected with C. pseudotuberculosis. Herein, we firstly revealed that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and caspase-1 (Casp1) play critical roles in IL-1β secretion rather than IL-1β precursor (pro-IL-1β) expression in C. pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages. Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) is partially involved in IL-1β secretion, while absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) is not involved in IL-1β secretion by C. pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages. In addition, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases (p38 MAPK) inhibitors almost attenuated IL-1β secretion, implying that NF-κB and p38MAPK pathway are involved in IL-1β secretion in C. pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages. Furthermore, C. pseudotuberculosis were significantly more numerous in Nlrp3-/-, Asc-/-, and Casp-1-/- macrophages than in WT macrophages at 24 h after infection (P < 0.05), indicating that NLRP3 inflammasome components limit C. pseudotuberculosis replication in macrophages. Together, these data provide novel insights into the mechanisms underlying IL-1β secretion in C. pseudotuberculosis-infected macrophages and further the current understanding of the host pro-inflammatory immune response against this pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoyong Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China; Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center of Chongqing, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Hexian Li
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Shangquan Tian
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Wenyi Yi
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Yang Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China; Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center of Chongqing, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Haoyue Yang
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Bi Wu
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Li
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Junjun Wu
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Zhiying Wang
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China; Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center of Chongqing, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Shijun Hu
- College of Animal Science, Rongchang Campus of Southwest University, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China; Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center of Chongqing, No. 160 Xueyuan Road, Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Fang R, Uchiyama R, Sakai S, Hara H, Tsutsui H, Suda T, Mitsuyama M, Kawamura I, Tsuchiya K. ASC and NLRP3 maintain innate immune homeostasis in the airway through an inflammasome-independent mechanism. Mucosal Immunol 2019; 12:1092-1103. [PMID: 31278375 DOI: 10.1038/s41385-019-0181-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2018] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
It is widely accepted that inflammasomes protect the host from microbial pathogens by inducing inflammatory responses through caspase-1 activation. Here, we show that the inflammasome components ASC and NLRP3 are required for resistance to pneumococcal pneumonia, whereas caspase-1 and caspase-11 are dispensable. In the lung of S. pneumoniae-infected mice, ASC and NLRP3, but not caspase-1/11, were required for optimal expression of several mucosal innate immune proteins. Among them, TFF2 and intelectin-1 appeared to be protective against pneumococcal pneumonia. During infection, ASC and NLRP3 maintained the expression of the transcription factor SPDEF, which can facilitate the expression of the mucosal defense factor genes. Moreover, activation of STAT6, a key regulator of Spdef expression, depended on ASC and NLRP3. Overexpression of these inflammasome proteins sustained STAT6 phosphorylation induced by type 2 cytokines. Collectively, this study suggests that ASC and NLRP3 promote airway mucosal innate immunity by an inflammasome-independent mechanism involving the STAT6-SPDEF pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.,Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Uchiyama
- Department of Microbiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan.,School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya, 663-8179, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sakai
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,T Lymphocyte Biology Unit, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Hideki Hara
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Hiroko Tsutsui
- Department of Microbiology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, 663-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Suda
- Division of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
| | - Masao Mitsuyama
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan.,Hakubi Center, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ikuo Kawamura
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Kohsuke Tsuchiya
- Department of Microbiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan. .,Division of Immunology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan. .,Institute for Frontier Science Initiative (InFiniti), Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan.
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Feng S, Chen T, Lei G, Hou F, Jiang J, Huang Q, Peng Y, Ye C, Hu DL, Fang R. Absent in melanoma 2 inflammasome is required for host defence against Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. Innate Immun 2019; 25:412-419. [PMID: 31266383 PMCID: PMC6900643 DOI: 10.1177/1753425919860252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae, a leading cause of invasive
pneumococcal disease, is responsible for high mortality and morbidity worldwide.
A previous study showed that the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)
and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes are essential for caspase-1
activation and IL-1β production in the host response to S.
pneumoniae infection. The function of NLRP3 in host innate immunity
to S. pneumoniae was studied in vivo and
in vitro. However, the role of AIM2 in host defence against
S. pneumoniae remains unclear. Here, we show that
AIM2-deficient (AIM2–/–) mice display increased susceptibility to
intra-nasal infection with S. pneumoniae in comparison to wild
type mice and that this susceptibility was associated with defective IL-1β
production. Macrophages from AIM2–/– mice infected with S.
pneumoniae showed impaired secretion of IL-1β as well as activation
of the inflammasome, as determined by the oligomerisation of
apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and caspase-1
activation. Taken together, these results indicate that the AIM2 inflammasome is
essential for caspase-1-dependent cytokine IL-1β production and eventual
protection from pneumococcal infection in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Feng
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Tingting Chen
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Guihua Lei
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Fengqing Hou
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Chao Ye
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
| | - Dong-Liang Hu
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China.,2 Department of Zoonoses, Kitasato University School of Veterinary Medicine, Japan
| | - Rendong Fang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, PR China
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Tang Q, Zhang M, Hong Z, Chen Y, Wang P, Wang J, Wang Z, Fang R, Jin M. Effects of astragalus injection on different stages of early hepatocarcinogenesis in a two-stage hepatocarcinogenesis model using rats. J Toxicol Pathol 2019; 32:155-164. [PMID: 31402807 PMCID: PMC6682553 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2019-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To clarify the suppressive effects of astragalus injection (AI) on different stages of
early hepatocarcinogenesis induced by weak promotion, SD rats initiated with a single
intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of N-diethylnitrosamine (DEN) at 200
mg/kg body weight and promoted with 0.5% piperonyl butoxide (PBO) in diet were repeatedly
administered AI at 5 ml/kg body weight/day in the early postinitiation (EPI) or late
postinitiation (LPI) period for 2 or 8 weeks, respectively. The number and area of
glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-P)-immunoreactive
(+) foci tended to increase in the DEN+PBO group compared with the DEN-alone
group. Among the PBO-promoted groups, number and area of GST-P+ foci did not
visibly change in the DEN+PBO+AI-EPI group compared with the DEN+PBO group. In contrast,
number and area of GST-P+ foci tended to decrease in the DEN+PBO+AI-LPI group
compared with the DEN+PBO group. Number of Ki67+ cells was increased in the
DEN+PBO group compared with the DEN-alone group and was decreased in both AI-administered
groups compared with the DEN+PBO group. Gene expression analysis revealed that the
DEN+PBO+AI-LPI group showed increased transcript levels of Ccne1,
Cdkn1b, Rb1, Bax,
Bcl2, Casp3, and Casp9 compared with
the DEN+PBO group; however, the DEN+PBO+AI-EPI group did not show changes in the
transcript levels of any genes examined compared with the DEN+PBO. These results suggest
that AI administration during the LPI period caused weak suppression of
hepatocarcinogenesis under weak promotion with a low PBO dose by the mechanism involving
facilitation of cell cycle suppression causing G1/S arrest and apoptosis via the
mitochondrial pathway. In addition, the results suggest that AI administration during the
EPI period has no effect on weakly promoted hepatocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Tang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Zexuan Hong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Yao Chen
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Pan Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Zili Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Rendong Fang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
| | - Meilan Jin
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, 1-13-4 Hongyuhuayuan, No. 196 Beinan Road, BeiBei District, Chongqing 400700, P.R. China
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Fang R, Du H, Lei G, Liu Y, Feng S, Ye C, Li N, Peng Y. NLRP3 inflammasome plays an important role in caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion in macrophages infected with Pasteurella multocida. Vet Microbiol 2019; 231:207-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2019.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ye C, Huang Q, Chen T, Jiang J, Hou F, Xu D, Peng Y, Fang R, Chen J. First detection and genotypic analysis of goat enzootic nasal tumor virus 2 in Chongqing, China. Arch Virol 2019; 164:1647-1650. [PMID: 30877451 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-019-04211-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma (ENA) of goats, characterized by transformation of epithelial cells of the ethmoid turbinates, is caused by enzootic nasal tumor virus 2 (ENTV-2). ENTV-2 belongs to the genus Betaretrovirus and has extended its distribution globally with a high prevalence; however, the genetic diversity and genotypic distribution for ENTV-2 have not been analyzed systematically due to the limited availability of sequence data. In this study, an infection by ENTV-2 was detected by RT-PCR in Chongqing in July 2018, and the complete sequence of one strain (CQ1) was determined. Phylogenetic analysis indicated a high degree of genetic heterogeneity among ENTV-2 sequences, with the existence of two main lineages. Lineage 1 and 2 were composed of ENTV-2 from China and the UK, respectively. Although CQ1 was closely related to recent ENTV-2 strains collected in the neighboring provinces of Chongqing (Shaanxi and Sichuan), it formed a separate sublineage of lineage 1 (sublineage 1.3). This report will enhance our understanding of the epidemiology of ENTV-2 in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Fengqing Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Dongyi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, No. 2 Tiansheng Road, Beibei District, Chongqing, 400715, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, No. 238 Renmin Road, Yuzhong district, Chongqing, 402460, China.
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Huang Q, Ye C, Chen T, Jiang J, Peng Y, Chen J, Fang R. EvaGreen-based real-time PCR assay for sensitive detection of enzootic nasal tumor virus 2. Mol Cell Probes 2019; 44:51-56. [PMID: 30771482 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2019.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Enzootic nasal tumor virus 2 (ENTV-2), the aetiological agent of enzootic nasal adenocarcinoma in goats, is prevalent in China; resulting in substantial economic losses to the goat-breeding industry. Therefore, it is necessary to establish an efficient detection method for the diagnosis and prevention of ENTV-2 infection. More recently, EvaGreen is emerging as a novel alternative fluorescent dye for quantitative real-time PCR because of its low cost, specific amplification and high resolution. In this study, we developed a specific, sensitive, and cost-effective detection method-an EvaGreen-based real-time PCR assay for the detection of ENTV-2. This assay exhibited high specificity and sensitivity and was able to detect ENTV-2 at concentrations as low as 3.0 × 101 copies, which was more sensitive than the conventional PCR method (detection limit, 3.0 × 102 copies). In addition, the reproducibility test indicated that EvaGreen dye in our assay had a good reproducibility. In conclusion, we report that a highly sensitive, specific, and cost-effective EvaGreen-based real-time PCR assay is successful for the rapid detection of ENTV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, 402460, China.
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Fang R, Jiang B, Xie J, Wang Z, Liang W, Yang Z, Lin LU, Peng Y, Nie K, Zeng Z, Huang B. An Optimized Multilocus Variable-Number Tandem Repeat Analysis Typing Scheme for Listeria monocytogenes from Three Western Provinces in China. J Food Prot 2018; 81:1956-1962. [PMID: 30457387 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-18-064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Listeria monocytogenes is a foodborne pathogen worldwide. Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) has been used for listeriosis surveillance and outbreak investigations. MLVA typing schemes have been proposed, but their usefulness for typing isolates from the People's Republic of China has not been assessed. To this aim, all L. monocytogenes strains (79) isolated from 1,445 raw meat and abattoir environmental samples of three western provinces in China were characterized with PCR serogrouping, multilocus sequence typing, and MLVA. The isolates were typed into the four PCR serogroups IIb (38.0%), IIc (26.6%), IIa (24.0%), and IVb (11.4%), with a Simpson's index (SI) of 0.7235. With multilocus sequence typing, they were typed into 18 sequence types (STs), including two new STs, ST1029 and ST1011, with an SI of 0.8880. With the 14 MLVA loci from the previous five schemes, the isolates were typed into 39 MLVA genotypes, with an SI of 0.9656. The typing data indicated that MLVA had the highest typing capability among the three methods. A subsequent optimization analysis identified an optimal combination of eight loci (LMV2, LMV9, LMV1, Lm10, Lm11, Lm15, Lm23, and LMTR6) producing the same SI as that of the 14 loci. The present optimized combination shared only six loci with the optimal nine-loci combination proposed in Australia, verifying for the first time that the optimal combinations varied with the isolates' sets. The current optimal typing scheme was ideal for L. monocytogenes isolates from western China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rendong Fang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Jiang
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhua Xie
- 2 Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing Research Center for Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases, and Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zichun Wang
- 2 Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing Research Center for Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases, and Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Wangwang Liang
- 2 Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing Research Center for Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases, and Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Zelin Yang
- 2 Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing Research Center for Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases, and Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - L U Lin
- 2 Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing Research Center for Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases, and Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Kui Nie
- 1 College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Zeng
- 2 Chongqing Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center, Chongqing Research Center for Prevention and Control of Swine Infectious Diseases, and Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards, Ministry of Agriculture, Chongqing 401120, People's Republic of China
| | - Bixing Huang
- 3 Public Health Virology, Queensland Health Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, 39 Kessels Road, Coopers Plains, Queensland 4108, Australia (ORCID: http://orcid/org/0000-0002-7025-2292 )
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Feng S, Huang Q, Ye C, Wu R, Lei G, Jiang J, Chen T, Peng Y, Fang R. Syk and JNK signaling pathways are involved in inflammasome activation in macrophages infected with Streptococcus pneumoniae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 507:217-222. [PMID: 30446225 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a pathogen of significant clinical importance worldwide that can cause severe invasive diseases, such as pneumonia, otitis media and meningitis. Inflammsomes has been reported to participate in host defense against S. pneumoniae infection. S. pneumoniae could induce the assembly of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasome, which mediates the activation of caspase-1 and the subsequent maturation of Interleukin-1β (IL-1β). However, the precise signals that activate inflammasomes during pneumococcal infection remain to be fully elucidated. In the present study, primary mouse macrophages were selected as a cell model, and the effects of kinases on inflammasome activity induced by S. pneumoniae infection were examined by ELISA and western blotting after pretreatment with a kinase inhibitor. Here, we show that Syk and JNK signaling are required for S. pneumoniae-induced activation of the inflammasome. Inhibitors of Syk and JNK almost abolished the oligomerization of apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase-activating and recruitment domain (ASC) and subsequent caspase-1 activation and IL-1β secretion. Moreover, pneumolysin (PLY) participated in this process and was critical for Syk/JNK activation. These results suggested that the Syk/JNK signaling pathway may play a vital role in the inflammasome activation and modulate host immune responses against S. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siwei Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Qingyuan Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Chao Ye
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Guihua Lei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Jiali Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Tingting Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, China.
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Li H, Sun J, Du J, Wang F, Fang R, Yu C, Xiong J, Chen W, Lu Z, Liu J. Clostridium butyricum exerts a neuroprotective effect in a mouse model of traumatic brain injury via the gut-brain axis. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2018; 30:e13260. [PMID: 29193450 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.13260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common occurrence following gastrointestinal dysfunction. Recently, more and more attentions are being focused on gut microbiota in brain and behavior. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is considered as a mediator that links the gut-brain axis. The aim of this study was to explore the neuroprotective effects of Clostridium butyricum (Cb) on brain damage in a mouse model of TBI. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to a model of TBI-induced by weight-drop impact head injury and were treated intragastrically with Cb. The cognitive deficits, brain water content, neuronal death, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability were evaluated. The expression of tight junction (TJ) proteins, Bcl-2, Bax, GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R), and phosphorylation of Akt (p-Akt) in the brain were also measured. Moreover, the intestinal barrier permeability, the expression of TJ protein and GLP-1, and IL-6 level in the intestine were detected. RESULTS Cb treatment significantly improved neurological dysfunction, brain edema, neurodegeneration, and BBB impairment. Meanwhile, Cb treatment also significantly increased the expression of TJ proteins (occludin and zonula occluden-1), p-Akt and Bcl-2, but decreased expression of Bax. Moreover, Cb treatment exhibited more prominent effects on decreasing the levels of plasma d-lactate and colonic IL-6, upregulating expression of Occludin, and protecting intestinal barrier integrity. Furthermore, Cb-treated mice showed increased the secretion of intestinal GLP-1 and upregulated expression of cerebral GLP-1R. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrated the neuroprotective effect of Cb in TBI mice and the involved mechanisms were partially attributed to the elevating GLP-1 secretion through the gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Sun
- Department of Neurology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Du
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - F Wang
- Departments of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - C Yu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Xiong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - W Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Z Lu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Amico AL, Fang R, Raoul A, Wroblewski K, Nielsen S, Weipert C, Abe H, Sheth D, Romero I, Kulkarni K, Schacht D, Patrick-Miller L, Verp M, Bradbury AR, Hlubocky F, Olopade OI. Abstract P5-19-04: Psychosocial impact of a multi-modality surveillance program for women at high-risk for breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-19-04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose: To evaluate the psychosocial impact of semi-annual dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) screening in women at high-risk for breast cancer.
Background: For women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations and/or a personal or family history of breast cancer, annual breast MRI has shown improved sensitivity and cancer detection compared to mammography. However, MRI's heightened sensitivity may lead to increased: false positives requiring additional follow-up biopsy/imaging; iatrogenic risk; and psychosocial distress, which all may negatively impact women's overall health-related quality of life.
Methods: Between 2004 and 2016, we assembled a prospective cohort of high-risk women undergoing semi-annual DCE-MRI and annual mammography. We reviewed a subset of this group. Participants completed psychosocial assessments at baseline and 6-month visits using the following measures: coping (MBSS); state/trait anxiety (STAI-S/T); depression (BDI-II); risk perception; and mental health (SF-36). Participants were classified according to Monitor or Blunter coping style. Mixed-effects logistic regressions models examined effects of demographics on psychosocial changes over time.
Results: 295 women were recruited to the study; 44% of the study participants had pathogenic mutations in BRCA1 or BRCA2 genes. 232 of 295 enrolled participants (78.6%) completed psychosocial assessments. For the total population: median age 44y (range: 21-73), 71% ≥college/post-graduate education; 84% Caucasian; 8% African American; 2% Latino; 99% with health insurance; 72% annual income of >$60,000. One third of women had a personal cancer history. Participants were evenly split between baseline Monitoring and Blunting coping style (49% and 51%, respectively). No significant differences were found between demographics (age, race, income, mutation, cancer type, cancer history) or psychosocial factors (baseline trait anxiety (p =0.64), depression (p =0.65), SF36 global health (p=0.66). After adjusting for education, race, cancer history and coping, women with ≥$60,000 income had lower trait anxiety (p<0.000) and greater mental health (p<0.001) than those with <$60,000 income. Over time, change in trait anxiety varied by coping (p=0.0006): Blunters did not experience significant changes in trait anxiety (p=0.072) while Monitors had significant diminished trait anxiety over time (p<0.001). For depression, women with ≥$60,000 income and college educated had lower BDI-II depression (p<0.000). Yet, women with a cancer history had significantly greater BDH-II depression (p= 0.048). Mental health over time varied by race as non-whites had greater gains in mental health (p=0.001) over time than whites (p=0.03).
Conclusion: Semi-annual DCE-MRI did not cause a significantly elevated state anxiety or depression, nor was there a significant decline in mental health over time for groups regardless of cancer history and genetic mutation status. Coping style may have an impact on psychosocial outcomes for those undergoing heightened surveillance over time.
Citation Format: Amico AL, Fang R, Raoul A, Wroblewski K, Nielsen S, Weipert C, Abe H, Sheth D, Romero I, Kulkarni K, Schacht D, Patrick-Miller L, Verp M, Bradbury AR, Hlubocky F, Olopade OI. Psychosocial impact of a multi-modality surveillance program for women at high-risk for breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-19-04.
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Affiliation(s)
- AL Amico
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - R Fang
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - A Raoul
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - K Wroblewski
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - S Nielsen
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - C Weipert
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - H Abe
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - D Sheth
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - I Romero
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - K Kulkarni
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - D Schacht
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - L Patrick-Miller
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - M Verp
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - AR Bradbury
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - F Hlubocky
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
| | - OI Olopade
- The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL; University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA; Independent Contractor
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Liyi C, Lu S, Fang R, Zhao X. Noninvasive chromosome screening improves the clinical outcomes in frozen-thawed single blastocyst transfer cycles. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Du H, Wu C, Li C, Fang R, Ma J, Ji J, Li Z, Li N, Peng Y, Zhou Z. Two novel cross‑protective antigens for bovine Pasteurella multocida. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:4627-4633. [PMID: 28791368 PMCID: PMC5647017 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pasteurella multocida is an important pathogen that leads to a range of diseases that have severe economic consequences on cattle production. In order to develop an effective cross-protective component vaccine, an immunoproteomics approach was used to analyze outer membrane proteins (OMPs) of the P. multocida serotype A, B and F strains. Candidate antigen molecules from the whole genome were screened via linear trap quadrupole mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis, and the reactogenicity of the candidate antigen molecules was analyzed via cloning, expression, and ELISA or protein immunoblotting, and the vaccine efficacy of the candidate molecules was determined in infective animal models and cross-protective antigens may be obtained. rPmCQ2_2g0128, rPmCQ2_1g0327 and rPmCQ2_1g0020 proteins were selected. Their protective rates were 40/30/20% (rPmCQ2_2g0128), 50/40/0% (rPmCQ2_1g0327) and 0/40/30% (rPmCQ2_1g0020) against ten-fold median lethal dose (10LD50) of the P. multocida serotypes A, B and F in a mouse model, respectively. The results suggested that the two proteins rPmCQ2_2g0128 and rPmCQ2_1g0327 may be used as vaccine candidates against bovine P. multocida serotypes A, B. To the best of our knowledge, the present study was the first to identify cross-protective antigens, extracted OMPs from bovine P. multocida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Chenlu Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Chunming Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Rendong Fang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Jianwei Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Jiale Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Nengzhang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyi Peng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
| | - Zeyang Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400716, P.R. China
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
| | - C Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
| | - R Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - Z Xun
- Department of Cardiology, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - X Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, People’s Hospital of Weifang, Weifang, China
| | - R Fang
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Linyi, Yishui, China
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47
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Fang R, Wang XT, Xia QY, Zhou XJ, Rao Q. [Immunohistochemistry provides genetic information on tumors]. Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2017; 46:356-361. [PMID: 28468051 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0529-5807.2017.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
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48
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Go J, Sy J, Santos A, Soll B, Davis J, Fang R. P194 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hospitalizations and emergency department visits among queen Emma clinic patients: a quality improvement initiative. Chest 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chest.2017.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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49
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Rui W, Nie K, Fang R. [Research progress in pneumolysin]. Wei Sheng Wu Xue Bao 2017; 57:333-340. [PMID: 29756432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pneumolysin is a multifunctional virulence factor expressed by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pneumolysin includes 4 domains and is a member of cholesterol-dependent cytolysins. Pneumolysin has extensive cytotoxicity to a range of host cells. Furthermore, pneumolysin can activate complement classical pathway, and induce macrophages and monocytes to produce proinflammatory cytokines, mediate host immune responses. Consequently, pneumolysin is a potential candidate target for research and development of vaccines and drugs. In this review, the latest research progresses on the structure and function of pneumolysin, and related vaccines are discussed.
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Yang X, Qi MW, Zhang ZZ, Gao C, Wang CQ, Lei WQ, Tan L, Zhao JL, Fang R, Hu M. Development and Evaluation of a Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (Lamp) Assay for the Detection of Haemonchus contortus in Goat Fecal Samples. J Parasitol 2017; 103:161-167. [PMID: 28098507 DOI: 10.1645/16-157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemonchus contortus is one of the most significant strongylid nematodes infecting small ruminants, and it causes great economic losses to the livestock industry worldwide. Accurate diagnosis of H. contortus is crucial to control strategies. Traditional microscopic examinations are the most common methods for the diagnosis of H. contortus , but they are time-consuming and inaccurate. Molecular methods based on PCR are more accurate, but need expensive machines usually only used in the laboratory. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a rapid, simple, specific, and sensitive method that has been widely used to detect viruses, bacteria, and parasites. In the present study, a LAMP method targeting ribosomal ITS-2 gene for detection of the H. contortus in goat fecal samples has been established. The established LAMP method was H. contortus specific, and the sensitivity of LAMP was the same as that of the H. contortus species-specific PCR, with the lowest DNA level detected as being 1 pg. Examination of the clinical samples indicated that the positive rate of LAMP was higher than that of PCR, but no statistical difference was observed between LAMP and PCR (χ2 = 17.991, P = 0.053). In conclusion, a LAMP assay with a high specificity and a good sensitivity has been developed to detect H. contortus infection in goats. The established LAMP assay is useful for clinical diagnosis of H. contortus .
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Affiliation(s)
- X Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - M W Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - Z Z Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - C Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - C Q Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - W Q Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - L Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - J L Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - R Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
| | - M Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, PR China
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