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Plasma neurological biomarkers as a measure of neurotoxicity in pediatric dental general anesthesia: a prospective observational feasibility study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:267-275. [PMID: 38649631 PMCID: PMC11058848 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-024-00884-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neurotoxicity concerns have been raised over general anesthesia and sedation medication use in children. Such concerns are largely based on animal studies, historical anesthetic agents, and assessment tools, thus warranting further investigations. Blood biomarkers in detecting neuronal inflammation and apoptosis are novel methods for detecting neuronal damage. Therefore, the aim of this feasibility study was to assess the usefulness of the levels of four plasma biomarkers in dental general anesthesia (DGA) as surrogate markers of neurotoxicity in children. The secondary aim was to compare changes in motor manipulative skills pre- and post-anesthetic exposure. METHODS This single-center prospective observational study included 22 healthy children aged between 3 and 6 years old who underwent DGA. Subclinical neurotoxicity was measured with a panel of four plasma biomarkers: Caspase-3, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), neurofilament light chain, and S100B at three time points (1; at start, 2; end and 3; on recovery from DGA). The Skillings-Mack test was used to identify the difference in the biomarker levels at three time points. Motor manipulative score assessment, prior and two weeks after DGA was also performed. RESULTS A total of 22 study participants (mean age = 5 ± 1 years) were included with a median DGA duration of 106 ± 28 min. A reduction in Caspase-3 levels was recorded, with pairwise comparison over three time points, reporting a statistical significance between time point 2 vs. 1 and time point 3 vs. 1. Although fluctuations in NSE levels were recorded, no significant changes were found following pairwise comparison analysis. Among other biomarkers, no significant changes over the three periods were recorded. Furthermore, no significant changes in manipulative motor scores were reported. CONCLUSION Caspase-3 reduced significantly in the short time frames during day-care DGA; this might be due to the relatively short anesthesia duration associated with dental treatment as compared with more extensive medical-related treatments. Therefore, further studies on Caspase-3 as a potential biomarker in pediatric DGA neurotoxicity are required to further ascertain results of this study.
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Prevalence of anxiety, sleep bruxism and temporomandibular disorders during COVID-19 in Qatari children and adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2023; 24:787-795. [PMID: 37848680 PMCID: PMC10657298 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00847-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Understanding the impact of coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic social restrictions on the lives of children and adolescents is of utmost importance to enable timely diagnosis and treatment. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of anxiety, sleep bruxism, temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and change in dietary and brushing habits and their association with COVID-19 social restrictions. METHODS Parents of fit and healthy Qatari children and adolescents were recruited and interviewed by the research team, whereby validated questioners were used to assess the prevalence of children's/adolescents' anxiety, sleep bruxism and TMD. Furthermore, changes in dietary and brushing habits were also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 199 parents of children and adolescents (mean age = 9.3 ± 3.2 years old) were included. Overall anxiety symptoms, sleep bruxism and TMD were evident in 29.6%, 5.7% and 23.1%, respectively. An increased consumption of food, sweets and worsening of brushing habits were evident in 51.8%, 62.8% and 31.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of this study, pandemic-related social restrictions could result in elevated levels of anxiety, specifically, social phobia, amongst children and adolescents, which could inevitably lead to unwanted dental consequences.
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Deep Learning Segmentation of the Nucleus Basalis of Meynert on 3T MRI. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2023; 44:1020-1025. [PMID: 37562826 PMCID: PMC10494939 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a7950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The nucleus basalis of Meynert is a key subcortical structure that is important in arousal and cognition and has been explored as a deep brain stimulation target but is difficult to study due to its small size, variability among patients, and lack of contrast on 3T MR imaging. Thus, our goal was to establish and evaluate a deep learning network for automatic, accurate, and patient-specific segmentations with 3T MR imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient-specific segmentations can be produced manually; however, the nucleus basalis of Meynert is difficult to accurately segment on 3T MR imaging, with 7T being preferred. Thus, paired 3T and 7T MR imaging data sets of 21 healthy subjects were obtained. A test data set of 6 subjects was completely withheld. The nucleus was expertly segmented on 7T, providing accurate labels for the paired 3T MR imaging. An external data set of 14 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy was used to test the model on brains with neurologic disorders. A 3D-Unet convolutional neural network was constructed, and a 5-fold cross-validation was performed. RESULTS The novel segmentation model demonstrated significantly improved Dice coefficients over the standard probabilistic atlas for both healthy subjects (mean, 0.68 [SD, 0.10] versus 0.45 [SD, 0.11], P = .002, t test) and patients (0.64 [SD, 0.10] versus 0.37 [SD, 0.22], P < .001). Additionally, the model demonstrated significantly decreased centroid distance in patients (1.18 [SD, 0.43] mm, 3.09 [SD, 2.56] mm, P = .007). CONCLUSIONS We developed the first model, to our knowledge, for automatic and accurate patient-specific segmentation of the nucleus basalis of Meynert. This model may enable further study into the nucleus, impacting new treatments such as deep brain stimulation.
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P024“Doulas do need to be there to support if they choose to have an abortion”: Family planning attitudes and stigma among doulas in georgia. Contraception 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2022.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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POSTER ABSTRACTS. Contraception 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2021.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Nosocomial COVID-19: experience from a large acute NHS Trust in South-West London. J Hosp Infect 2020; 106:621-625. [PMID: 32841703 PMCID: PMC7443059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Transmission of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in healthcare settings has significant implications for patients and healthcare workers, may amplify local outbreaks, and may place additional burden on already stretched resources. Risk of missed or late diagnosis of COVID-19 was high during the UK's initial 'containment phase', because of strict criteria for testing. The risk remains due to asymptomatic/pre-symptomatic transmission, complicated by challenges faced with laboratory testing. We present a case study of potential nosocomial transmission associated with the first case of COVID-19 at a large acute NHS Trust in South-West London, and we describe the prevailing burden of nosocomial infections.
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P6 A comparison of arguments, strategies, and evidence used by supporters and opponents of “heartbeat” abortion bans across seven southern states. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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P15 “Georgia has a compelling interest to protect the most vulnerable”: A comparison of arguments and rhetoric used by supporters and opponents of a ‘fetal heartbeat’ ban in Georgia, US. Contraception 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.contraception.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Pattern analysis of FDG pet in atypical parkinsonism - An innovative approach. J Neurol Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2019.10.382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Effect of Cultural Variations of Spices and Herbs on Improving Meal Pleasure and Increasing Food Intake in Skilled Nursing Facility Residents. J Acad Nutr Diet 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.06.316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Adoption of direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Intern Med J 2017; 46:792-7. [PMID: 27040617 DOI: 10.1111/imj.13088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct oral anticoagulants (DOAC) are being increasingly utilised for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (AF) and atrial flutter. AIMS To analyse the adoption and application of these drugs in a regional hospital inpatient cohort and compare with national prescribing data. METHODS Digital medical records identified prescribed anticoagulants for patients admitted with AF and atrial flutter during 2013-2014. Analysis of patient demographics and stroke risk identified trends in prescribing DOAC versus warfarin. For broader comparison, data from the Pharmaceuticals Benefits Scheme were sourced to determine the nation-wide adoption of DOAC. RESULT Of the 615 patients identified, 505 (255 in 2013, 250 in 2014) had sufficient records to include in the study. From 2013 to 2014, DOAC prescriptions increased from 9 to 28% (P < 0.001), warfarin and aspirin remained comparatively stable (38-34%, 22-20%), and those prescribed no medication declined (17-8%, P < 0.001). DOAC were prescribed to patients with lower CHA2 DS2 VASc scores than warfarin (3.6 vs 4.4; P = 0.005), lower HAS-BLED scores (1.7 vs 2.3; P < 0.01), higher glomerular filtration rates; 70 vs 63 ml/min; P = 0.002) and younger age (74 vs 77 years; P = 0.006). Nationally, warfarin prescriptions are higher in total numbers but increasing at a slower rate than DOAC, which increased 10-fold (101 158 in 2013, 1 095 985 in 2014). CONCLUSION DOAC prescribing grew rapidly from 2013 to 2014, regionally and nationally. Warfarin prescriptions have remained stable, indicating that more patients are being appropriately anticoagulated for AF who previously were not. DOAC were found to be prescribed to patients with lower CHA2 DS2 VASc and HAS-BLED scores, younger age and higher glomerular filtration rates. Aspirin therapy remains over utilised in AF.
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Sense and Simplicity in HADDOCK Scoring: Lessons from CASP-CAPRI (page 418). Proteins 2017; 85:1589-1590. [PMID: 28730688 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Crystal structures of ( E)-4-[1-(2-carbamo-thio-yl-hydrazinyl-idene)eth-yl]phenyl acetate and ( E)-4-[1-(2-carbamo-thio-ylhydrazinyl-idene)eth-yl]phenyl benzoate. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:20-23. [PMID: 28083126 PMCID: PMC5209762 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989016018983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compounds, C11H13N3O2S, (I), and C16H15N3O2S, (II), the thio-semicarbazone group adopts an extended conformation. The acetate ester (I) crystallizes with two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit. In the benzoate ester (II), the planes of the two aryl rings are inclined to one another by 46.70 (7)°. In both compounds, there is a short intra-molecular N-H⋯N contact present, forming an S(5) ring motif. In the crystals of both compounds, mol-ecules are linked via pairs of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, forming dimers with R22(8) ring motifs. The dimers are linked by N-H⋯S and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to (01-1). In (I), there are N-H⋯π and C-H⋯π inter-actions present within the slabs, while in (II), there are only N-H⋯π inter-actions present.
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Sense and simplicity in HADDOCK scoring: Lessons from CASP-CAPRI round 1. Proteins 2016; 85:417-423. [PMID: 27802573 PMCID: PMC5324763 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Our information-driven docking approach HADDOCK is a consistent top predictor and scorer since the start of its participation in the CAPRI community-wide experiment. This sustained performance is due, in part, to its ability to integrate experimental data and/or bioinformatics information into the modelling process, and also to the overall robustness of the scoring function used to assess and rank the predictions. In the CASP-CAPRI Round 1 scoring experiment we successfully selected acceptable/medium quality models for 18/14 of the 25 targets - a top-ranking performance among all scorers. Considering that for only 20 targets acceptable models were generated by the community, our effective success rate reaches as high as 90% (18/20). This was achieved using the standard HADDOCK scoring function, which, thirteen years after its original publication, still consists of a simple linear combination of intermolecular van der Waals and Coulomb electrostatics energies and an empirically derived desolvation energy term. Despite its simplicity, this scoring function makes sense from a physico-chemical perspective, encoding key aspects of biomolecular recognition. In addition to its success in the scoring experiment, the HADDOCK server takes the first place in the server prediction category, with 16 successful predictions. Much like our scoring protocol, because of the limited time per target, the predictions relied mainly on either an ab initio center-of-mass and symmetry restrained protocol, or on a template-based approach whenever applicable. These results underline the success of our simple but sensible prediction and scoring scheme. Proteins 2017; 85:417-423. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Characterising Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction and its Management in Regional New South Wales. Heart Lung Circ 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2016.06.242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rapid rule out of myocardial infarction with the use of copeptin as a biomarker for cardiac injury. Intern Med J 2015; 44:921-4. [PMID: 25201424 DOI: 10.1111/imj.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Copeptin is a non-specific marker of an endogenous stress response. A dual biomarker marker approach involving the simultaneous use of troponin and copeptin assays may assist early exclusion of acute coronary syndrome in Australian emergency departments. The utility and limitations of this approach are discussed.
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The adoption of direct oral anticoagulants for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Heart Lung Circ 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Crystal structure of (E)-4-{1-[2-(car-bamo-thio-yl)hydrazin-1-yl-idene]ethyl}phenyl 4-methyl-benzoate. ACTA CRYSTALLOGRAPHICA SECTION E-CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS 2015; 71:o43-4. [PMID: 25705498 PMCID: PMC4331904 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989014026942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C17H17N3O2S, consists of two independent molecules, A and B, with different conformations: in molecule A, the dihedral angles between the central benzene ring and the pendant tolyl and carbamothioylhydrazono groups are 71.12 (9) and 5.95 (8)°, respectively. The corresponding angles in molecule B are 50.56 (12) and 26.43 (11)°, respectively. Both molecules feature an intramolecular N—H⋯N hydrogen bond, which closes an S(5) ring. In the crystal, molecules are linked by N—H⋯O, N—H⋯S and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, generating a three-dimensional network.
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Implementation Success Rates and Effectiveness of Oral Liquid Nutrition Supplementation in Maintaining Body Weight in Skilled Nursing Facility Residents. J Acad Nutr Diet 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2014.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Crystal structure of 4-acetyl-phenyl 3-methyl-benzoate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2014; 70:o1060. [PMID: 25309225 PMCID: PMC4186166 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536814018923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The planes of the aromatic rings of the title compound, C16H14O3, make a dihedral angle of 82.52 (8)°. The acetyl group and the phenyl ring make a dihedral angle of 1.65 (1)°. In the crystal, the molecules are linked by C-H⋯O interactions, generating C(7) chains along the a-axis direction.
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Anti-nociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities ofAzadirachta indicafruit skin extract and its isolated constituent azadiradione. Nat Prod Res 2013; 27:1463-7. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2012.717288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4-Bromo-2-(diethoxymethyl)phenyl benzoate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o553. [PMID: 23634092 PMCID: PMC3629605 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813006351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C18H19BrO4, the aromatic rings enclose a dihedral angle of 81.9 (7)°. There are no short directional contacts in the crystal structure.
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Diethyl 2,6-dimethyl-4-[4-(3-phenyl-acrylo-yloxy)phen-yl]-1,4-dihydro-pyridine-3,5-dicarboxyl-ate hemihydrate. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2013; 69:o389. [PMID: 23476574 PMCID: PMC3588479 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536813004108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
In the title ester derivative, C28H29NO6·0.5H2O, the 1,4-dihydro-pyridine ring has a flattened boat conformation. The mean plane is almost perpendicular to the attached benzene ring, making a dihedral angle of 86.87 (9)°. The terminal phenyl ring is inclined to the central benzene ring by 67.56 (12)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are bridged via O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds involving the partially occupied water mol-ecule, and this arrangement is strengthened by a pair of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and C-H⋯O inter-actions. The ethyl atoms of one of the ethyl ester groups are disordered over two sites with an occupancy ratio of 0.716 (5):0.284 (5).
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Feasibility and effectiveness of an electronic hand hygiene feedback device targeted to improve rates of hand hygiene. J Hosp Infect 2012; 82:271-3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2012.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Interaction between polymorphisms in serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) and serotonin receptor 2A (HTR2A) genes predict treatment response to venlafaxine XR in generalized anxiety disorder. THE PHARMACOGENOMICS JOURNAL 2012; 13:464-9. [DOI: 10.1038/tpj.2012.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Fine and coarse stereopsis follow different developmental trajectories in children. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Sparing of coarse stereopsis in children with amblyopia. J Vis 2012. [DOI: 10.1167/12.9.1364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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AN NMR AND LC-MS BASED MIXTURE ANALYSIS APPROACH FOR STRUCTURAL ELUCIDATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL DERIVATIVES OF CALOPHYLLOLIDE. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2011.621155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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The Effect of Dot Speed and Density on the Maturation of Global Motion Perception. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.15.53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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3-Bromo-5- tert-butyl-2-hydroxybenzaldehyde. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o3375. [PMID: 22199867 PMCID: PMC3239019 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811048847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2011] [Accepted: 11/16/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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2-Bromo-4- tert-butyl-6-[(pyridin-2-ylimino)methyl]phenol. Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2011; 67:o3483. [PMID: 22199955 PMCID: PMC3239107 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536811050148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 11/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In the title compound, C16H17BrN2O, the pyridine and benzene rings are almost coplanar [dihedral angle = 1.3 (2)°]. An intramolecular O—H⋯Br interaction forms an S(5) ring motif.
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Evalution of anti-ulcer activity of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites in experimental animals. Indian J Pharmacol 2011; 40:126-8. [PMID: 20040940 PMCID: PMC2792604 DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.42306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2007] [Revised: 01/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the anti-ulcer activity of ethanol extract of leaves of Polyalthia longifolia (Sonn.) Thwaites. Materials and Methods: The ethanol extract of Polyalthia longifolia was investigated for its anti-ulcer activity against aspirin plus pylorous ligation induced gastric ulcer in rats, HCl -Ethanol induced ulcer in mice and water immersion stress induced ulcer in rats at 300 mg/kg body weight.p.o. Results: A significant (P < 0.01, P < 0.001) anti ulcer activity was observed in all the models. Pylorous ligation showed significant (P< 0.01) reduction in gastric volume, free acidity and ulcer index as compared to control. It also showed 89.71% ulcer inhibition in HCl- Ethanol induced ulcer and 95.3% ulcer protection index in stress induced ulcer. Conclusion: This present study indicates that P. longifolia leaves extract have potential anti ulcer activity in the three models tested.
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Ultra-low-power and robust digital-signal-processing hardware for implantable neural interface microsystems. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON BIOMEDICAL CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 2011; 5:169-178. [PMID: 23851205 DOI: 10.1109/tbcas.2010.2076281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Implantable microsystems for monitoring or manipulating brain activity typically require on-chip real-time processing of multichannel neural data using ultra low-power, miniaturized electronics. In this paper, we propose an integrated-circuit/architecture-level hardware design framework for neural signal processing that exploits the nature of the signal-processing algorithm. First, we consider different power reduction techniques and compare the energy efficiency between the ultra-low frequency subthreshold and conventional superthreshold design. We show that the superthreshold design operating at a much higher frequency can achieve comparable energy dissipation by taking advantage of extensive power gating. It also provides significantly higher robustness of operation and yield under large process variations. Next, we propose an architecture level preferential design approach for further energy reduction by isolating the critical computation blocks (with respect to the quality of the output signal) and assigning them higher delay margins compared to the noncritical ones. Possible delay failures under parameter variations are confined to the noncritical components, allowing graceful degradation in quality under voltage scaling. Simulation results using prerecorded neural data from the sea-slug (Aplysia californica) show that the application of the proposed design approach can lead to significant improvement in total energy, without compromising the output signal quality under process variations, compared to conventional design approaches.
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Coronary artery surgery for multivessel coronary artery disease reduces 10-year risk of myocardial infarction compared with medical treatment or percutaneous coronary intervention. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 16:50-1. [DOI: 10.1136/ebm1162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Multivariable optimization studies of cathode catalyst layer of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell. Chem Eng Res Des 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2010.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Synthesis of cytotoxic and antioxidant Schiff's base analogs of aloin. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2010; 12:360-370. [PMID: 20496193 DOI: 10.1080/10286021003775327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Aloin (10-glucopyranosyl-1,8-dihydroxy-3-hydroxymethyl-9(10H)-anthracenone), a bioactive compound in Aloe vera, although known to have an anticancer effect, has not been used in current drug research. Optimization of the lead structure could enhance the utility of this compound. Hence, aloin was modified using natural amino acids to produce Schiff's base, a potential pharmacophore, and its corresponding aglycones. The synthetic derivatives exhibited significant enhancement in their efficacy toward antioxidant (DPPH radical scavenging) and cytotoxic activities than those of the parent compound, aloin showing promise for application in cancer treatment.
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5-Meth-oxy-2,2-dimethyl-6-[(2E)-2-methyl-but-2-eno-yl]-10-phenyl-2H,8H-pyrano[2,3-f]chromen-8-one (calophyllolide). Acta Crystallogr Sect E Struct Rep Online 2010; 66:o1115. [PMID: 21579166 PMCID: PMC2979159 DOI: 10.1107/s1600536810013577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Accepted: 04/13/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C26H24O5, was isolated from calophyllum inophyllum seeds. In the molecule, the phenyl and 2-methylbut-2-enoyl groups are almost orthogonal to the chromene fragment [C—C—C—C torsion angles = 81.4 (3) and −90.1 (2)°, respectively]. In the crystal packing, centrosymmetrically related molecules are linked by C—H⋯O contacts into dimers, which are connected via further C—H⋯O interactions into a double chain along [010].
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The temporal dynamics of visual sensory memory while tracking multiple moving dots. J Vis 2010. [DOI: 10.1167/7.9.690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Diverse roles for protein kinase C delta and protein kinase C epsilon in the generation of high-fat-diet-induced glucose intolerance in mice: regulation of lipogenesis by protein kinase C delta. Diabetologia 2009; 52:2616-20. [PMID: 19809797 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-009-1543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2009] [Accepted: 09/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS This study aimed to determine whether protein kinase C (PKC) delta plays a role in the glucose intolerance caused by a high-fat diet, and whether it could compensate for loss of PKCepsilon in the generation of insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. METHODS Prkcd (-/-), Prkce (-/-) and wild-type mice were fed high-fat diets and subjected to glucose tolerance tests. Blood glucose levels and insulin responses were determined during the tests. Insulin signalling in liver and muscle was assessed after acute in vivo insulin stimulation by immunoblotting with phospho-specific antibodies. Activation of PKC isoforms in muscle from Prkce (-/-) mice was assessed by determining intracellular distribution. Tissues and plasma were assayed for triacylglycerol accumulation, and hepatic production of lipogenic enzymes was determined by immunoblotting. RESULTS Both Prkcd (-/-) and Prkce (-/-) mice were protected against high-fat-diet-induced glucose intolerance. In Prkce (-/-) mice this was mediated through enhanced insulin availability, while in Prkcd (-/-) mice the reversal occurred in the absence of elevated insulin. Neither the high-fat diet nor Prkcd deletion affected maximal insulin signalling. The activation of PKCdelta in muscle from fat-fed mice was enhanced by Prkce deletion. PKCdelta-deficient mice exhibited reduced liver triacylglycerol accumulation and diminished production of lipogenic enzymes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION Deletion of genes encoding isoforms of PKC can improve glucose intolerance, either by enhancing insulin availability in the case of Prkce, or by reducing lipid accumulation in the case of Prkcd. The absence of PKCepsilon in muscle may be compensated by increased activation of PKCdelta in fat-fed mice, suggesting that an additional role for PKCepsilon in this tissue is masked.
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A simple and rapid method of estimation of nimbolide, an anticancer constituent in neem leaves. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2008. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.21.2008.4.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Anti-ulcer activity of crude alcoholic extract of Toona ciliata Roemer (heart wood). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2007; 110:348-51. [PMID: 17134860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2006] [Revised: 08/22/2006] [Accepted: 10/12/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The ethanol extract of Toona ciliata Roemer (heart wood) was evaluated for its anti-ulcer activity against aspirin plus pylorous ligation induced gastric ulcer (antisecretory), HCl-ethanol induced ulcer (cytoprotective) and water immersion stress induced ulcer in rats. We found that Toona ciliata extract at a dose of 300mg/kg p.o. markedly decrease the incidence of ulcers in all the three models. Ethanol extract of Toona ciliata showed significant reduction in gastric volume, free acidity, total acidity and ulcer index. The plant extract also showed gastro protective activity (52.94%), whereas standard drug sucralfate showed 94.85%. Toona ciliata extract showed protection index 43.0% in water immersion stress induced ulcer, whereas standard drug omeprazole showed protection index 100%.
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Semi-synthetic modification of nimbolide to 6-homodesacetylnimbin and 6-desacetylnimbin and their cytotoxic studies. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2007; 9:73-8. [PMID: 17365193 DOI: 10.1080/10286020500383742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A new C-seco tetranortriterpenoid named as 6-homodesacetylnimbin 2, has been synthesised for the first time through semi-synthetic modification of nimbolide 1, a potent molecule with anticancer activity. Attempts were made to transesterify the -COOMe moiety in nimbolide using titanium (IV) isopropoxide and ethanol so as to obtain a molecule with -COOEt moiety. However, a novel product was envisaged during the course of the reaction, which was identified as 6-homodesacetylnimbin, a higher homologue of 6-desacetylnimbin 3 through spectroscopic and crystallographic methods. Also, 6-desacetylnimbin has been synthesised through acid hydrolysis of nimbolide. The compounds were screened for their cytotoxic properties through brine shrimp lethality bioassay method using Artemia salina.
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An Integrated Qualitative–Quantitative Hypothesis Driven Approach for Comprehensive Fault Diagnosis. Chem Eng Res Des 2007. [DOI: 10.1205/cherd07016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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MICROWAVE ASSISTED ENANTIOSELECTIVE MICHAEL ADDITION REACTION USING BINOL–Al–Li CATALYST. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/scc-120015397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Abstract
AIM Careful monitoring of amiodarone is recommended because it produces a range of potentially severe adverse effects. The aim of this study was to compare existing practice at our hospitals with the current international guidelines for the use of this drug. METHODS A retrospective audit was carried out on all patients aged 15 years or older, with a primary discharge diagnosis of tachyarrhythmia and who were commenced and discharged alive on amiodarone between 1 January 2000 and 30 June 2002 from Wellington and Kenepuru Hospitals, Capital and Coast District Health Board, Wellington, New Zealand. The medical records were examined for baseline measurements of renal, liver, thyroid and pulmonary function, the electrocardiogram and chest X-ray. Follow-up arrangements were sought postdischarge. A questionnaire was sent to the general practitioner requesting information on follow-up testing. RESULTS During the trial period, 743 patients were admitted with a primary diagnosis of tachyarrhythmia. Eighty-six patients satisfied the entry criteria, and of these 58 were followed for at least 1 year postdischarge. Baseline testing of the electrocardiogram, full blood count and renal function testing was excellent (95-100%). Chest X-rays were carried out in 80% of patients. Baseline testing of thyroid (61%) and liver (44%) function was suboptimal. Two percent of patients had pulmonary function testing and no patient had a formal eye examination. At 6 months, only 32% had thyroid function tests and 41% had liver function tests. At 1 year, of those still on treatment, 35% had both liver and thyroid function tests. CONCLUSION Monitoring of thyroid, liver and pulmonary function tests in patients on amiodarone is less than ideal. This is probably because of lack of awareness of current guidelines.
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Analgesic activity of some Indian medicinal plants. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2006; 106:425-8. [PMID: 16647234 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2006.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2005] [Revised: 02/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/09/2006] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present study of some of the Indian medicinal plants Sida acuta whole plant (Malvaeae), Stylosanthes fruticosa (whole plant) (Papilionaceae), Toona ciliata (heart wood) (Meliaceao), Bougainvilla spectabilis (leaves) (Nyctaginaceae), Ficus glomerata (bark, leaves) (Moraceae) and Polyalthia longifolia (leaves) (Annonaceae). The different plants were used in folklore medicine in the treatment of toothache and strengthening of gums, anthelmintic, kidney diseases, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective, antihyperglycaemic, antihyperglycaemic and anticancer. The extract was prepared using powdered material with ethanol, concentrated under vacuo and were evaluated for analgesic activity by analgesiometer at three dose level (100, 300 and 500mg/kg). Analgesic activity was significant with Toona ciliata (heart wood) ethanolic extract when compared with other extracts and its activity was confirmed by tail immersion method.
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