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Schraen-Maschke S, Duhamel A, Vidal JS, Ramdane N, Vaudran L, Dussart C, Buée L, Sablonnière B, Delaby C, Allinquant B, Gabelle A, Bombois S, Lehmann S, Hanon O. The free plasma amyloid Aβ 1-42/Aβ 1-40 ratio predicts conversion to dementia for subjects with mild cognitive impairment with performance equivalent to that of the total plasma Aβ 1-42/Aβ 1-40 ratio. The BALTAZAR study. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 193:106459. [PMID: 38423192 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Blood-based biomarkers are a non-invasive solution to predict the risk of conversion of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia. The utility of free plasma amyloid peptides (not bound to plasma proteins and/or cells) as an early indicator of conversion to dementia is still debated, as the results of studies have been contradictory. In this context, we investigated whether plasma levels of the free amyloid peptides Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 and the free plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio are associated with the conversion of MCI to dementia, in particular AD, over three years of follow-up in a subgroup of the BALTAZAR cohort. We also compared their predictive value to that of total plasma Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 levels and the total plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio. METHODS The plasma Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 peptide assay was performed using the INNO-BIA kit (Fujirebio Europe). Free amyloid levels (defined by the amyloid fraction directly accessible to antibodies of the assay) were obtained with the undiluted plasma, whereas total amyloid levels were obtained after the dilution of plasma (1/3) with a denaturing buffer. Free and total Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 levels were measured at inclusion for a subgroup of participants (N = 106) with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from the BALTAZAR study (a large-scale longitudinal multicenter cohort with a three-year follow-up). Associations between conversion and the free/total plasma Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-40 levels and Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio were analyzed using logistic and Cox Proportional Hazards models. Demographic, clinical, cognitive (MMSE, ADL and IADL), APOE, and MRI characteristics (relative hippocampal volume) were compared using non-parametric (Mann-Whitney) or parametric (Student) tests for quantitative variables and Chi-square or Fisher exact tests for qualitative variables. RESULTS The risk of conversion to dementia was lower for patients in the highest quartile of free plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 (≥ 25.8%) than those in the three lower quartiles: hazard ratio = 0.36 (95% confidence interval [0.15-0.87]), after adjustment for age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 (p-value = 0.022). This was comparable to the risk of conversion in the highest quartile of total plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40: hazard ratio = 0.37 (95% confidence interval [0.16-0.89], p-value = 0.027). However, while patients in the highest quartile of total plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 showed higher MMSE scores and a higher hippocampal volume than patients in the three lowest quartiles of total plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40, as well as normal CSF biomarker levels, the patients in the highest quartile of free plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 did not show any significant differences in MMSE scores, hippocampal volume, or CSF biomarker levels relative to the three lowest quartiles of free plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40. CONCLUSION The free plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio is associated with a risk of conversion from MCI to dementia within three years, with performance comparable to that of the total plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio. Threshold levels of the free and total plasma Aβ1-42/Aβ1-40 ratio could be determined, with a 60% lower risk of conversion for patients above the threshold than those below.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schraen-Maschke
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France.
| | - A Duhamel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, Lille, France
| | - J S Vidal
- Université de Paris, EA 4468 and APHP, Hôpital Broca, Memory Resource and Research Centre of de Paris-Broca-Ile de France, Paris, France
| | - N Ramdane
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694-METRICS: Évaluation des Technologies de Santé et des Pratiques Médicales, Lille, France
| | - L Vaudran
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - C Dussart
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - L Buée
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - B Sablonnière
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France
| | - C Delaby
- LBPC-PPC, Université de Montpellier, INM INSERM, IRMB CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - B Allinquant
- UMR-S1266, Université Paris Cité, Institute of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Inserm, Paris, France
| | - A Gabelle
- CMRR, Université de Montpellier, INM INSERM, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - S Bombois
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, UMR-S1172, LiCEND, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France; Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Département de Neurologie, Centre des Maladies Cognitives et Comportementales, GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France
| | - S Lehmann
- LBPC-PPC, Université de Montpellier, INM INSERM, IRMB CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - O Hanon
- Université de Paris, EA 4468 and APHP, Hôpital Broca, Memory Resource and Research Centre of de Paris-Broca-Ile de France, Paris, France.
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Ungerer JH, Pally A, Kononov A, Lehmann S, Ridderbos J, Potts PP, Thelander C, Dick KA, Maisi VF, Scarlino P, Baumgartner A, Schönenberger C. Strong coupling between a microwave photon and a singlet-triplet qubit. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1068. [PMID: 38316779 PMCID: PMC10844229 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45235-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Combining superconducting resonators and quantum dots has triggered tremendous progress in quantum information, however, attempts at coupling a resonator to even charge parity spin qubits have resulted only in weak spin-photon coupling. Here, we integrate a zincblende InAs nanowire double quantum dot with strong spin-orbit interaction in a magnetic-field resilient, high-quality resonator. The quantum confinement in the nanowire is achieved using deterministically grown wurtzite tunnel barriers. Our experiments on even charge parity states and at large magnetic fields, allow us to identify the relevant spin states and to measure the spin decoherence rates and spin-photon coupling strengths. We find an anti-crossing between the resonator mode in the single photon limit and a singlet-triplet qubit with a spin-photon coupling strength of g/2π = 139 ± 4 MHz. This coherent coupling exceeds the resonator decay rate κ/2π = 19.8 ± 0.2 MHz and the qubit dephasing rate γ/2π = 116 ± 7 MHz, putting our system in the strong coupling regime.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Ungerer
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - A Pally
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - A Kononov
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - S Lehmann
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, S-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - J Ridderbos
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - P P Potts
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Thelander
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, S-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - K A Dick
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, Box 124, S-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - V F Maisi
- Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, Box 118, S-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | - P Scarlino
- Institute of Physics and Center for Quantum Science and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - A Baumgartner
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - C Schönenberger
- Department of Physics, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Swiss Nanoscience Institute, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 82, CH-4056, Basel, Switzerland
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3
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Clua Provost C, Auboyer L, Rovelet-Lecrux A, Monzo C, Schob E, Andreux F, Quittet C, Lehmann S, Wallon D, Crozet C. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cell lines IRMBi003-A and IRMBi003-B from a healthy donor to model Alzheimer's disease. Stem Cell Res 2023; 73:103250. [PMID: 37979430 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) lines derived from healthy individuals are helpful and essential tools for disease modelling. Here, we described the reprogramming of skin fibroblasts obtained from a healthy 59-year-old individual without Alzheimer's disease. The generated iPSC lines have a normal karyotype, expressed pluripotency markers, and demonstrated the ability to differentiate into the three germ layers. The iPSC lines will be used as controls to study Alzheimer's disease mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Clua Provost
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France
| | - L Auboyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Rovelet-Lecrux
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - C Monzo
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France
| | - E Schob
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France
| | - F Andreux
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France
| | - C Quittet
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France
| | - S Lehmann
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France
| | - D Wallon
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - C Crozet
- Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, Univ Montpellier, INSERM U1298, Montpellier, France.
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Provost CC, Auboyer L, Rovelet-Lecrux A, Monzo C, Schob E, Lehmann S, Wallon D, Crozet C. Establishment of induced pluripotent stem cells IRMBi005-A from a patient with sporadic Alzheimer's disease. Stem Cell Res 2023; 72:103216. [PMID: 37783001 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2023.103216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurological disorder and the most common form of dementia worldwide. Sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD) cases are the main forms, over 95% of AD cases, but still poorly understood. Thereby there is a crucial need to develop in vitro models for studying this multifactorial disorder. Here, we report the reprogramming of skin fibroblasts from a 57-years-old male donor. The new generated iPSC cell line has a normal karyotype and, is pluripotent since it demonstrates the ability to differentiate in vitro into the three germ layers. This iPSC line will be used to understand pathological mechanisms of sAD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - L Auboyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - A Rovelet-Lecrux
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - C Monzo
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - Eliot Schob
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - S Lehmann
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France
| | - D Wallon
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, INSERM U1245, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - C Crozet
- INM, Univ Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France; Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Univ Montpellier, INSERM, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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Kvestad I, Bøe T, Sayyad N, Skogen JC, Randal S, Lehmann S. Potential traumatic events and symptoms of post-traumatic stress in unaccompanied refugee minors-a comparison with youth in foster care. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 32:439-449. [PMID: 34537879 PMCID: PMC10038941 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01876-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Building knowledge on how child welfare services (CWS) should tailor services for unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) is important. URMs and youth in foster care are high-risk groups taken care of by the CWS in Norway. Little is known on whether knowledge gained from youth in foster care can inform services for URMs, and if these groups are comparable in terms of experiences of potential traumatic events (PTEs) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom load. Eighty-one URMs reported PTEs and PTSD-symptoms using an adapted version of the Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen (CATS). Responses were described and compared with a sample of 303 youth in foster care in linear regression models. We present relative risks (RR) and standardized mean differences (SMD) for the PTEs and the PTSD subscale and total score between the groups in forest plots. URMs had experienced a mean (standard deviation) of 6.4 (3.4) PTEs and 43.9% reported to have PTSD-symptoms at or above the clinical cut off. Compared to the foster youth, URMs reported more exposures of interpersonal violence outside of the family (RRs ranging from 66.4 [95%CI 18.1; 243.5) to 1.3 (1.0, 1.5)], and more PTSD-symptoms in the re-experiencing subscale [SMD = 0.3 (95% CI 0.1, 0.6)]. The frequency and types of PTEs and the PTSD-symptom load and profile among URMs and youth in foster care differed. Findings underscore the importance of qualified and targeted care for URMs, and that this care should differ to that of other high-risk groups in the CWS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kvestad
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Nawar Sayyad
- Child Welfare Services for Unaccompanied Refugee Minors, Bergen Municipality, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Sølve Randal
- Child Welfare Services for Unaccompanied Refugee Minors, Bergen Municipality, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Health Promotion and development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Delaby C, Hirtz C, Lehmann S. Overview of the blood biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease: Promises and challenges. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2023; 179:161-172. [PMID: 36371265 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurol.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The increasing number of people with advanced Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents a significant psychological and financial cost to the world population. Accurate detection of the earliest phase of preclinical AD is of major importance for the success of preventive and therapeutic strategies (Cullen et al., 2021). Advances in analytical techniques have been essential for the development of sensitive, specific and reliable diagnostic tests for AD biomarkers in biological fluids (cerebrospinal fluid and blood). Blood biomarkers hold promising potential for early and minimally invasive detection of AD, but also for differential diagnosis of dementia and for monitoring the course of the disease. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of current blood biomarkers of AD, from tau proteins and amyloid peptides to biomarkers of neuronal degeneration and inflammation, reactive and metabolic factors. We thus discuss the informative value of currently candidate blood biomarkers and their potential to be integrated into clinical practice for the management of AD in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delaby
- LBPC-PPC, Université Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM Inserm, Montpellier, France; Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Hirtz
- LBPC-PPC, Université Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM Inserm, Montpellier, France
| | - S Lehmann
- LBPC-PPC, Université Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, INM Inserm, Montpellier, France.
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Hiller RM, Lehmann S, Lewis SJ, Minnis H, Shelton KH, Tarren-Sweeney M, Taussig HN. Accommodating Complexity: The Need for Evidence-Informed Mental Health Assessments for Children in Out-of-Home Care. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2023; 62:12-18. [PMID: 35987299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2022.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M Hiller
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, United Kingdom; Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families, London, United Kingdom.
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway; Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stephanie J Lewis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, United Kingdom; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Minnis
- School of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Heather N Taussig
- Graduate School of Social Work, University of Denver, Colorado; Kempe Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado
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8
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Bjørknes R, Skogen JC, Nærde A, Sandal GM, Haug E, Mæland S, Fadnes LT, Lehmann S. Parental stress during the COVID-19 pandemic: A one-year follow-up. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0276190. [PMID: 36472999 PMCID: PMC9725124 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0276190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This two-wave longitudinal study aimed at increasing knowledge about levels of parental stressors and rewards among mothers and fathers of children aged 1-18 during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic in Norway. BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic and infection-control measures have caused changes to family life. Managing homeschooling or caring for younger children while working from home may have posed significant strain on parental stress, negatively impacting the quality of parent-child relationships and parents' sensitivity to their children's needs. METHOD We employed data collected in April 2020 and April 2021 from the longitudinal population-based survey in Bergen/Norway (Bergen in ChangE-study). 7424 parents participated (58.6% mothers and 41.5% fathers). RESULTS The overall levels of parental stressors and rewards did not change significantly. Over the two time points, the factors associated with decreased parental stressors were being male, aged 40-49 years, having a relatively high income, and reporting initial difficulties with closed kindergartens or schools. For parents aged 18-29 years, the level of parental stressors increased. CONCLUSION The study suggests that the overall levels of parental stress remained unchanged during the first year of the pandemic. Even so, the study also uncovered that younger parents represented a vulnerable subgroup. IMPLICATIONS To prevent detrimental consequences in the wake of the pandemic, it could be important to increase awareness and competence among professional staff in kindergartens, primary schools, and child health clinics targeting young parents and their children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol & Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ane Nærde
- The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice in Bergen, The Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Chen L, Eriksson A, Weström S, Pandzic T, Lehmann S, Cavelier L, Landegren U. 210P Ultra-sensitive monitoring of leukemia patients using superRCA mutation detection assays. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.10.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
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Chen L, Weström S, Eriksson A, Pandzic T, Lehmann S, Cavelier L, Landegren U. 107P Ultra-sensitive monitoring mutations in cancer patients using superRCA mutation detection assays. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.09.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Butz M, Lehmann S, Pliske J, Pfeifer A, Scharf FMT, Schon G, Renger F, Gulasova M, Mackova Z, Bundzelova K, Vladarova M, Olah M, Kozon V, Luliak M, Kmit I, Krcmery V, Gottschalk R, Altrad A, Mrazova M, Kalawski E, Claudi C, Hardy M, Gaul C, Grauss P, Muller A, Grossmann K. Physiotherapy & Psychosocial Rehabilitation in Postcovid & Postconflict Era: New Roles with same Staff? (dispatch). CSWHI 2022. [DOI: 10.22359/cswhi_13_5_09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Waves of COVID-19 have been managed successfully within US, EU, Southeast Asia and Latin America, however, South Asia and Sub-saharan Africa still suffer new variants and EU fights with UK and United States of ,,new waves of old disease“, postcovide or long covide syndrome. The aim of this communication and research is to prepare our auditors for the size and extent of postcovid systems and the importance of non-doctors and non-medicine experts in management of its consequences.
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Chen L, Eriksson A, Weström S, Pandzic T, Lehmann S, Cavelier L, Landegren U. 629P Ultra-sensitive monitoring of leukemia patients using superRCA mutation detection assays. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.07.755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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13
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Lehmann S, Haug E, Bjørknes R, Mjeldheim Sandal G, T. Fadnes L, Skogen JC. Quality of life among young people in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic. A longitudinal study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 32:1061-1071. [PMID: 35732752 PMCID: PMC9216295 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02023-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to examine health-related quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic among a general sample of young people in Norway aged 11-19 years. More specifically, we examine: (1) Change over 2 time-points in five health-related quality of life dimensions, (2) Whether sociodemographic- and COVID-19-related factors contributed to change in these five dimensions, (3) Whether parental stress and socioeconomic status at T1 interacted with change in health-related quality of life across T1 and T2. Data collection lasted from April 27th to May 11th, 2020 (T1), and from December 16th, 2020, to January 10th, 2021 (T2). Youth aged 11-19 years (N = 2997) completed the KIDSCREEN-27, COVID-19 related and sociodemographic items. Parents (N = 744) of youth aged 15 years and younger completed the parental stress scale and sociodemographic items. Physical and psychological wellbeing declined significantly from March to December 2020. Subscale scores for social support and peers increased. Controlling for a broad number of sociodemographic and COVID-19-related factors did not make an overall impact on the estimates. Those worried about infection, older aged, girls, and youth born outside Norway had a steeper decline in health-related quality of life subdimensions from T1 to T2. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, we warrant special attention to the recovery of youth's physical and psychological wellbeing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Ellen Haug
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020 Bergen, Norway ,grid.458561.b0000 0004 0611 5642NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bjørknes
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020 Bergen, Norway ,grid.5510.10000 0004 1936 8921The Norwegian Center for Child Behavioral Development, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen Norway, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars T. Fadnes
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412008.f0000 0000 9753 1393Department of Addiction Medicine, Bergen Addiction Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412835.90000 0004 0627 2891Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway ,grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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14
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Bjørknes R, Sandal GM, Mæland S, Haug E, Lehmann S. 'We are unlikely to return to the same world, and I do not want it to destroy my future.' Young people's worries through the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic. Child Fam Soc Work 2022; 27:246-253. [PMID: 34899030 PMCID: PMC8653047 DOI: 10.1111/cfs.12878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to explore what worries youth were having during the seventh to ninth week of the COVID-19 lockdown. Our findings build on the responses to an open-ended survey question from 1314 youths. The worries covered three main themes: 'That my mom dies, then I am left all alone': worries related to COVID-19 virus infection; 'To me, this is lost youth': worries about the consequences of measures for the present life and near future; and 'I will face a very difficult life in the future': worries about the consequences of measures for the outlook on life. Young people worried that the measures would have a huge impact on their present life and outlook on life. The costs of restriction measures were unevenly distributed and indicated that the measures affected their mental health. Listening to youth voices during the pandemic is important for practitioners, educators and policymakers. The results indicate that the threshold for closing schools also including the provision of distance learning should be kept high. Social and health services for youth should offer early intervention and be prepared for an escalation in mental health problems in the imminent future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of PsychologyThe University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of PsychologyThe University of BergenBergenNorway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of MedicineThe University of BergenBergenNorway
- Research Unit for General Practice in BergenThe Norwegian Research Center, NORCEBergenNorway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of PsychologyThe University of BergenBergenNorway
- Department of EducationNLA University CollegeBergenNorway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of PsychologyThe University of BergenBergenNorway
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15
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Haug E, Mæland S, Lehmann S, Bjørknes R, Fadnes LT, Sandal GM, Skogen JC. Increased Gaming During COVID-19 Predicts Physical Inactivity Among Youth in Norway—A Two-Wave Longitudinal Cohort Study. Front Public Health 2022; 10:812932. [PMID: 35237551 PMCID: PMC8884262 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.812932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A concern for the COVID-19 measures and the potential long-term consequences the measures may have on physical inactivity and gaming among youth. Objectives Examine the stability and change in internet and offline gaming and the association with physical inactivity among adolescents in Norway during the pandemic. Methods A total of 2940 youth (58% girls) aged 12–19 years participated in an online longitudinal two-wave survey during the first Norwegian national lockdown in April 2020 (t1) and in December 2020 (t2). Gaming behavior and physical activity status were assessed at both time points. Age, gender, and socioeconomic status were included as covariates. Results Among boys, 41% reported gaming a lot more and 35% a little more at t1 compared to before the national lockdown. The corresponding numbers for girls were 14 and 23%, respectively. In fully adjusted analysis, a pattern of increased gaming at t1 followed by an additional increase in gaming reported at t2 was associated with physical inactivity at t1 (OR = 2.10, p < 0.01) and t2 (OR = 2.45, p < 0.001). Participants gaming more at t1 followed by a reduction at t2 had higher odds of inactivity at t1 (OR = 1.88, p < 0.01). Youth reporting no gaming at t1 had lower odds for inactivity at this time point (OR = 0.67, p < 0.05). Conclusions Increased gaming among many youths and a relationship with physical inactivity was observed during the first phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. To counteract the negative long-term impacts of COVID-19 restrictions, public health initiatives should emphasize the facilitation of physical activity in youth and develop effective strategies to prevent problematic gaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
- *Correspondence: Ellen Haug
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Mæland S, Bjørknes R, Lehmann S, Sandal GM, Hazell W, Rabben ÅK, Vedaa Ø, Skogen JC, Fadnes LT. How the Norwegian population was affected by non-pharmaceutical interventions during the first six weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. Scand J Public Health 2022; 50:94-101. [PMID: 34250865 PMCID: PMC8808225 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211027817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to examine how the Norwegian general adult population was affected by non-pharmaceutical interventions during the first six weeks of the COVID-19 lockdown. We assessed quarantine, symptoms, social distancing, home office/school, work status, social contact and health-care contact through digital access and knowledge. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was performed of 29,535 adults (aged 18-99) in Norway after six weeks of non-pharmaceutical interventions in March/April 2020. RESULTS Most participants found the non-pharmaceutical interventions to be manageable, with 20% of all adults and 30% of those aged <30 regarding them as acceptable only to some or a limited degree. Sixteen per cent had been quarantined, 6% had experienced symptoms that could be linked to COVID-19 and 84% practiced social distancing. Eleven per cent reported changes in the use of health and social services. Three-quarters (75%) of those who had mental health or physiotherapy sessions at least monthly before the pandemic reported a reduction in their use of these services. A substantial reduction was also seen for home nursing, hospital services and dentists compared to usage before the non-pharmaceutical interventions. Immigrants were more likely to experience a reduction in follow-up from psychologists and physiotherapy. With regard to the use of general practitioners, the proportions reporting an increase and a reduction were relatively equal. CONCLUSIONS The non-pharmaceutical interventions were perceived as manageable by the majority of the adult general population in Norway at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. A substantial proportion of adults <30 years old experienced difficulties with social distancing, and those >70 years old lacked the digital tools and knowledge. Further, immigrant access to health services needs monitoring and future attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
- Research Unit for General Practice in Bergen, The Norwegian Research Centre, NORCE, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of health promotion and development, Faculty of psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of health promotion and development, Faculty of psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Gro Mjeldheim Sandal
- Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of psychology, University of Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Øystein Vedaa
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
- Department of Mental Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
- Department of Research and Development, St Olav’s University Hospital, Norway
- Voss District Psychiatric Hospital, NKS Bjørkeli, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Norway
- Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway
- Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of medicine, University of Bergen, Norway
- Bergen Addiction Research, Department of Addiction Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Norway
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17
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Lehmann S, Skogen JC, Sandal GM, Haug E, Bjørknes R. Emerging mental health problems during the COVID-19 pandemic among presumably resilient youth -a 9-month follow-up. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:67. [PMID: 35086520 PMCID: PMC8793097 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03650-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic may have multifarious adverse effects on the mental health of some youth. To our knowledge, no study has followed young people beyond the first 6 months of the pandemic outbreak. The aim of this study was to examine 1) Change in internalizing, externalizing, and total mental health problems over two time-points with a nine-month interval during the COVID-19 outbreak and 2) Whether contextual and COVID-19-related factors contribute to change in mental health problems. METHODS Youth within the municipality of Bergen aged 11-19 years were invited via SMS to participate in an online survey in April and again in December 2020. A total of 2997 (40% response rate) youth participated at baseline in the present study, and 1598 (53.3%) completed the second survey. At baseline, the mean age was 16.0 (standard deviations 1.7) years, about 60% were girls, and 93% were born in Norway. Comparison across time was approached using inferential statistics and mixed linear models with maximum likelihood estimation and mixed-effects logistic regression models. RESULTS There was an overall increase in total mental health problems from the first weeks into lockdown to 9 months after the pandemic outbreak. The overall increase seems to be exclusively driven by internalizing difficulties, i.e., increases in emotional problems and peer problems. The level of externalizing difficulties, i.e., conduct problems and hyperactivity/inattention remained stable between the two time-points. CONCLUSIONS Our results imply that in the wake of the pandemic, one should be aware of emerging mental health problems among presumably resilient youth, in addition to the more expected and pronounced mental health needs of vulnerable groups. Efforts to reach out to the general youth population with preventive measures in schools may be important actions to normalize the situation for young people, and to identify those in need of more targeted mental health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- grid.418193.60000 0001 1541 4204Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway ,grid.412835.90000 0004 0627 2891Alcohol & Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Stavanger, Norway ,grid.18883.3a0000 0001 2299 9255Department of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Gro M. Sandal
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020 Bergen, Norway ,grid.458561.b0000 0004 0611 5642Department of Teacher Education, NLA University College, Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bjørknes
- grid.7914.b0000 0004 1936 7443Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Postboks 7807, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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18
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Moussavi Y, Wergeland GJ, Bøe T, Haugland BSM, Larsen M, Lehmann S. Internalizing Symptoms Among Youth in Foster Care: Prevalence and Associations with Exposure to Maltreatment. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2022; 53:375-388. [PMID: 33575864 PMCID: PMC8924138 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01118-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Among youth in foster care (N = 303, aged 11-17 years), we investigated prevalence of internalizing symptoms; associations between symptom level and maltreatment types and numbers; and the interaction between gender and maltreatment, on internalizing symptoms. Youth completed Spence Children Anxiety Scale, Short Mood Feelings Questionnaire, and Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen. Compared to community samples, symptom levels above clinical cut-off was more frequent, with social- and generalized anxiety (ES = 0.78-0.88) being most prevalent among youth in foster care. Girls reported more internalizing symptoms (ES = 0.59-0.93). Sexual abuse and neglect were associated with a broader range of internalizing symptoms (ES = 0.35-0.64). Increased incidence of maltreatment was associated with increased levels of symptoms (ES = 0.21-0.22). Associations between maltreatment and symptom level were stronger for girls. This study stresses the importance of broad screening of maltreatment and internalizing symptoms to meet the needs of youth in foster care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Moussavi
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, P.O.B 22 Nygårdstangen, 5838, Bergen, Norway. .,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Gro Janne Wergeland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway ,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, P.O.B 22 Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway ,Department of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Marit Larsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, P.O.B 22 Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway ,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare - West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, P.O.B 22 Nygårdstangen, 5838 Bergen, Norway ,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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19
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Sarfi M, Eikemo M, Welle-Strand GK, Muller AE, Lehmann S. Mental health and use of health care services in opioid-exposed school-aged children compared to foster children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022; 31:495-509. [PMID: 33590310 PMCID: PMC8940845 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-021-01728-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Given the concerns raised regarding the effects of prenatal exposure to methadone and buprenorphine on the developmental outcomes of the children, this study assessed mental health and use of services in a national sample of school-aged children (N = 78) born to women enrolled in opioid maintenance treatment during pregnancy, compared with a group of foster children (N = 140). The majority of the opioid-exposed children lived with their birth parent(s) at the time of assessment (N = 62), while 16 lived in foster homes. Caregivers completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Reactive Attachment Disorder scale. Teachers completed the SDQ. Three kinds of services were included in measuring service use: school-based education services, child mental health services, and hospital-based habilitation services. The main finding of the study is that children prenatally exposed to methadone or buprenorphine living with their family of origin had significantly better mental health status than their foster-placed counterparts and that of the comparison group of foster children. In addition, the exposed children living at home had less child welfare involvement, and only half of them were using any of the three services measured. The odds for using services increased significantly in accordance with increasing mental health problems, independent of group affiliation, indicating a need-based access to services. In line with other studies, we found that the odds for using one or more services was 2.3 times greater for boys than for girls. Our results contribute to a more-nuanced understanding of the developmental outcomes of prenatal exposure to methadone and buprenorphine, and factors associated with increased service use in groups of at-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Sarfi
- SERAF-Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Blindern, Box 1039, 0315, Oslo, Norway. .,Vestre Viken Hospital Trust, Drammen, Norway.
| | - Marie Eikemo
- Department of Psychology, The Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gabrielle K. Welle-Strand
- SERAF-Norwegian Centre for Addiction Research, University of Oslo, Blindern, Box 1039, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and development, The Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway ,Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare-West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
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20
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Kvestad I, Randal SB, Sayyad N, Lehmann S, Bøe T. Study design: Pathways to Independence - A study of unaccompanied minor refugees settled in a Norwegian city municipality. Scand J Public Health 2021:14034948211025446. [PMID: 34213364 DOI: 10.1177/14034948211025446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the 'Pathways to Independence' study was to gain knowledge of how to facilitate a healthy development for unaccompanied refugee minors (URMs) after settling in Norwegian municipalities. METHODS The project is located in the URM child welfare services (URM CWS) of the Bergen municipality. We invited 101 URMs older than 15 years connected to the URM CWS to participate in a comprehensive survey. Of the invited, 81 consented to participate. The survey included questions on the user's experiences and satisfaction with the URM CWS, and questions related to schooling, social support and activities after settlement. We also included standardized and validated questionnaires on potential traumatic events, mental and somatic health, protective factors and quality of life. These questionnaires have previously been used in two Norwegian epidemiological studies, the 'Youth@Hordaland' and 'Young in Foster care', facilitating comparison of the results with other youth populations in Norway. CONCLUSION Results from the project will be valuable in the process of reaching knowledge-based recommendations for successful settlement of URMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Kvestad
- Regional Centre for Child Mental Health and Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway
| | - Sølve Bjørn Randal
- Child Welfare Services for Unaccompanied Refugee Minors, Bergen Municipality, Norway
| | - Nawar Sayyad
- Child Welfare Services for Unaccompanied Refugee Minors, Bergen Municipality, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child Mental Health and Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Tormod Bøe
- Regional Centre for Child Mental Health and Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Norway.,Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Norway
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21
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Maris I, Dölle‐Bierke S, Renaudin J, Lange L, Koehli A, Spindler T, Hourihane J, Scherer K, Nemat K, Kemen C, Neustädter I, Vogelberg C, Reese T, Yildiz I, Szepfalusi Z, Ott H, Straube H, Papadopoulos NG, Hämmerling S, Staden U, Polz M, Mustakov T, Cichocka‐Jarosz E, Cocco R, Fiocchi AG, Fernandez‐Rivas M, Worm M, Grünhagen J, Wittenberg M, Beyer K, Henschel A, Küper S, Möser A, Fuchs T, Ruëff F, Wedi B, Hansen G, Buck T, Büsselberg J, Drägerdt R, Pfeffer L, Dickel H, Körner‐Rettberg C, Merk H, Lehmann S, Bauer A, Nordwig A, Zeil S, Hannapp C, Wagner N, Rietschel E, Hunzelmann N, Huseynow I, Treudler R, Aurich S, Prenzel F, Klimek L, Pfaar O, Reider N, Aberer W, Varga E, Bogatu B, Schmid‐Grendelmeier P, Guggenheim R, Riffelmann F, Kreft B, Kinaciyan K, Hartl L, Ebner C, Horak F, Brehler R, Witte J, Buss M, Hompes S, Bieber T, Gernert S, Bücheler M, Rabe U, Brosi W, Nestoris S, Hawranek T, Lang R, Bruns R, Pföhler C, Eng P, Schweitzer‐Krantz S, Meller S, Rebmann H, Fischer J, Stichtenoth G, Thies S, Gerstlauer M, Utz P, Neustädter I, Klinge J, Volkmuth S, Plank‐Habibi S, Schilling B, Kleinheinz A, Brückner A, Schäkel K, Manolaraki I, Kowalski M, Solarewicz‐Madajek K, Tscheiller S, Seidenberg J, Cardona V, Garcia B, Bilo M, Cabañes Higuero N, Vega Castro A, Poziomkowska‐Gęsicka I, Büsing S, Virchow C, Christoff G, Jappe U, Müller S, Knöpfel F, Correard A, Rogala B, Montoro A, Brandes A, Muraro A, Zimmermann N, Hernandez D, Minale P, Niederwimmer J, Zahel B, Dahdah L, Arasi S, Reissig A, Eitelberger F, Asero R, Hermann F, Zeidler S, Pistauer S, Geißler M, Ensina L, Plaza Martin A, Meister J, Stieglitz S, Hamelmann E. Peanut-induced anaphylaxis in children and adolescents: Data from the European Anaphylaxis Registry. Allergy 2021; 76:1517-1527. [PMID: 33274436 DOI: 10.1111/all.14683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peanut allergy has a rising prevalence in high-income countries, affecting 0.5%-1.4% of children. This study aimed to better understand peanut anaphylaxis in comparison to anaphylaxis to other food triggers in European children and adolescents. METHODS Data was sourced from the European Anaphylaxis Registry via an online questionnaire, after in-depth review of food-induced anaphylaxis cases in a tertiary paediatric allergy centre. RESULTS 3514 cases of food anaphylaxis were reported between July 2007 - March 2018, 56% in patients younger than 18 years. Peanut anaphylaxis was recorded in 459 children and adolescents (85% of all peanut anaphylaxis cases). Previous reactions (42% vs. 38%; p = .001), asthma comorbidity (47% vs. 35%; p < .001), relevant cofactors (29% vs. 22%; p = .004) and biphasic reactions (10% vs. 4%; p = .001) were more commonly reported in peanut anaphylaxis. Most cases were labelled as severe anaphylaxis (Ring&Messmer grade III 65% vs. 56% and grade IV 1.1% vs. 0.9%; p = .001). Self-administration of intramuscular adrenaline was low (17% vs. 15%), professional adrenaline administration was higher in non-peanut food anaphylaxis (34% vs. 26%; p = .003). Hospitalization was higher for peanut anaphylaxis (67% vs. 54%; p = .004). CONCLUSIONS The European Anaphylaxis Registry data confirmed peanut as one of the major causes of severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reactions in European children, with some characteristic features e.g., presence of asthma comorbidity and increased rate of biphasic reactions. Usage of intramuscular adrenaline as first-line treatment is low and needs to be improved. The Registry, designed as the largest database on anaphylaxis, allows continuous assessment of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioana Maris
- Bon Secours Hospital Cork/Paediatrics and Child HealthUniversity College Cork Cork Ireland
| | - Sabine Dölle‐Bierke
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
| | | | - Lars Lange
- Department of Paediatrics St. Marien‐Hospital Bonn Germany
| | - Alice Koehli
- Division of Allergology University Children’s Hospital Zurich Zürich Switzerland
| | - Thomas Spindler
- Department of Paediatrics Medical Campus Hochgebirgsklinik Davos Davos Switzerland
| | - Jonathan Hourihane
- Paediatrics and Child Health Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland Dublin Ireland
- Children’s Health Ireland Dublin Ireland
| | | | - Katja Nemat
- Practice for paediatric pneumology and allergology Kinderzentrum Dresden‐Friedrichstadt Dresden Germany
| | - C. Kemen
- Department of Paediatrics Children’s Hospital WILHELMSTIFT Hamburg Germany
| | - Irena Neustädter
- Department of Paediatrics Hallerwiese Cnopfsche Kinderklinik Nuremberg Germany
| | - Christian Vogelberg
- Department of Paediatrics Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav CarusTechnical University Dresden Germany
| | - Thomas Reese
- Department of Paediatrics Mathias‐Spital Rheine Rheine Germany
| | - Ismail Yildiz
- Department of Paediatrics Friedrich‐Ebert‐Krankenhaus Neumuenster Germany
| | - Zsolt Szepfalusi
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology, Allergology and Endocrinology Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine Competence Center Paediatrics Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
| | - Hagen Ott
- Division of Paediatric Dermatology and Allergology Epidermolysis bullosa‐Centre HannoverChildren’s Hospital AUF DER BULT Hanover Germany
| | - Helen Straube
- Division of Allergology Darmstädter Kinderkliniken Prinzessin Margaret Darmstadt Germany
| | - Nikolaos G. Papadopoulos
- Allergy Department 2nd Paediatric Clinic National and Kapodistrian University of Athens Athens Greece
- Division of Infection Immunity& Respiratory Medicine University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Susanne Hämmerling
- Division of Paediatric Pulmonology and Allergology University Children`s Hospital Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany
| | - Ute Staden
- Paediatric Pneumology & Allergology Medical practice Klettke/Staden Berlin Germany
| | - Michael Polz
- Department of Paediatrics GPR Klinikum Rüsselsheim Germany
| | - Tihomir Mustakov
- Chair of Allergy University Hospital Alexandrovska Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Ewa Cichocka‐Jarosz
- Department of Paediatrics Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow Poland
| | - Renata Cocco
- Division of Allergy Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Department of Paediatrics Federal University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
| | | | | | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergy and Immunology Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt‐Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Berlin Germany
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Barrat A, Cattuto C, Kivelä M, Lehmann S, Saramäki J. Effect of manual and digital contact tracing on COVID-19 outbreaks: a study on empirical contact data. J R Soc Interface 2021. [PMID: 33947224 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.24.20159947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions are crucial to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic and contain re-emergence phenomena. Targeted measures such as case isolation and contact tracing can alleviate the societal cost of lock-downs by containing the spread where and when it occurs. To assess the relative and combined impact of manual contact tracing (MCT) and digital (app-based) contact tracing, we feed a compartmental model for COVID-19 with high-resolution datasets describing contacts between individuals in several contexts. We show that the benefit (epidemic size reduction) is generically linear in the fraction of contacts recalled during MCT and quadratic in the app adoption, with no threshold effect. The cost (number of quarantines) versus benefit curve has a characteristic parabolic shape, independent of the type of tracing, with a potentially high benefit and low cost if app adoption and MCT efficiency are high enough. Benefits are higher and the cost lower if the epidemic reproductive number is lower, showing the importance of combining tracing with additional mitigation measures. The observed phenomenology is qualitatively robust across datasets and parameters. We moreover obtain analytically similar results on simplified models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barrat
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CPT, Turing Center for Living Systems, Université de Toulon, Marseille, France
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Cattuto
- Computer Science Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - M Kivelä
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
| | - S Lehmann
- Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Saramäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
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23
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Barrat A, Cattuto C, Kivelä M, Lehmann S, Saramäki J. Effect of manual and digital contact tracing on COVID-19 outbreaks: a study on empirical contact data. J R Soc Interface 2021; 18:20201000. [PMID: 33947224 PMCID: PMC8097511 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.1000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions are crucial to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic and contain re-emergence phenomena. Targeted measures such as case isolation and contact tracing can alleviate the societal cost of lock-downs by containing the spread where and when it occurs. To assess the relative and combined impact of manual contact tracing (MCT) and digital (app-based) contact tracing, we feed a compartmental model for COVID-19 with high-resolution datasets describing contacts between individuals in several contexts. We show that the benefit (epidemic size reduction) is generically linear in the fraction of contacts recalled during MCT and quadratic in the app adoption, with no threshold effect. The cost (number of quarantines) versus benefit curve has a characteristic parabolic shape, independent of the type of tracing, with a potentially high benefit and low cost if app adoption and MCT efficiency are high enough. Benefits are higher and the cost lower if the epidemic reproductive number is lower, showing the importance of combining tracing with additional mitigation measures. The observed phenomenology is qualitatively robust across datasets and parameters. We moreover obtain analytically similar results on simplified models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Barrat
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CPT, Turing Center for Living Systems, Université de Toulon, Marseille, France
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C. Cattuto
- Computer Science Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - M. Kivelä
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
| | - S. Lehmann
- Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J. Saramäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
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24
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Barrat A, Cattuto C, Kivelä M, Lehmann S, Saramäki J. Effect of manual and digital contact tracing on COVID-19 outbreaks: a study on empirical contact data. J R Soc Interface 2021. [PMID: 33947224 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.24.20159947v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-pharmaceutical interventions are crucial to mitigate the COVID-19 pandemic and contain re-emergence phenomena. Targeted measures such as case isolation and contact tracing can alleviate the societal cost of lock-downs by containing the spread where and when it occurs. To assess the relative and combined impact of manual contact tracing (MCT) and digital (app-based) contact tracing, we feed a compartmental model for COVID-19 with high-resolution datasets describing contacts between individuals in several contexts. We show that the benefit (epidemic size reduction) is generically linear in the fraction of contacts recalled during MCT and quadratic in the app adoption, with no threshold effect. The cost (number of quarantines) versus benefit curve has a characteristic parabolic shape, independent of the type of tracing, with a potentially high benefit and low cost if app adoption and MCT efficiency are high enough. Benefits are higher and the cost lower if the epidemic reproductive number is lower, showing the importance of combining tracing with additional mitigation measures. The observed phenomenology is qualitatively robust across datasets and parameters. We moreover obtain analytically similar results on simplified models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Barrat
- Aix Marseille Univ., CNRS, CPT, Turing Center for Living Systems, Université de Toulon, Marseille, France
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Cattuto
- Computer Science Department, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - M Kivelä
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
| | - S Lehmann
- Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Saramäki
- Department of Computer Science, Aalto University, Aalto, Finland
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25
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Cencetti G, Santin G, Longa A, Pigani E, Barrat A, Cattuto C, Lehmann S, Salathé M, Lepri B. Digital proximity tracing on empirical contact networks for pandemic control. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1655. [PMID: 33712583 PMCID: PMC7955065 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-21809-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Digital contact tracing is a relevant tool to control infectious disease outbreaks, including the COVID-19 epidemic. Early work evaluating digital contact tracing omitted important features and heterogeneities of real-world contact patterns influencing contagion dynamics. We fill this gap with a modeling framework informed by empirical high-resolution contact data to analyze the impact of digital contact tracing in the COVID-19 pandemic. We investigate how well contact tracing apps, coupled with the quarantine of identified contacts, can mitigate the spread in real environments. We find that restrictive policies are more effective in containing the epidemic but come at the cost of unnecessary large-scale quarantines. Policy evaluation through their efficiency and cost results in optimized solutions which only consider contacts longer than 15-20 minutes and closer than 2-3 meters to be at risk. Our results show that isolation and tracing can help control re-emerging outbreaks when some conditions are met: (i) a reduction of the reproductive number through masks and physical distance; (ii) a low-delay isolation of infected individuals; (iii) a high compliance. Finally, we observe the inefficacy of a less privacy-preserving tracing involving second order contacts. Our results may inform digital contact tracing efforts currently being implemented across several countries worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - G Santin
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - A Longa
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
- University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - E Pigani
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
- University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - A Barrat
- Aix Marseille Univ, Université de Toulon, CNRS, CPT, Turing Center for Living Systems, Marseille, France
- Tokyo Tech World Research Hub Initiative (WRHI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Cattuto
- University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- ISI Foundation, Turin, Italy
| | - S Lehmann
- Technical University of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M Salathé
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - B Lepri
- Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy.
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26
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Lehmann S, Skogen JC, Haug E, Mæland S, Fadnes LT, Sandal GM, Hysing M, Bjørknes R. Perceived consequences and worries among youth in Norway during the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown. Scand J Public Health 2021; 49:755-765. [PMID: 33645323 PMCID: PMC8521367 DOI: 10.1177/1403494821993714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Aims: To examine perceived consequences for everyday life, learning outcomes, family relations, sleep problems and worries for infection, for friends and their future, among youth aged 12–19 years during weeks 7 to 9 of the COVID-19 lockdown in Norway. We examine variations by age, gender, socioeconomic status and country of birth. Methods: Youth within the municipality of Bergen were invited via SMS to participate in a 15-minute online survey. A total of 2997 (40%) youths participated. The mean age was 17 years (standard deviation 1.7). Results: Overall, 28% reported feeling somewhat to a lot impacted by schools closing, 63% reported learning less. In total, 62% reported improvement of everyday life. The youth’s situation in their family was worse for 13%. Regarding sleep problems, 19% reported difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep, 12% had more nightmares, while 90% reported later bedtime and rise time. Seven per cent worried about getting infected, while 53% worried about infection among family members. A total of 19% worried that the outbreak would lead to a more difficult future, and 32%worried that friends were facing a difficult situation at home. Perceived consequences and worries related to the lockdown varied across sociodemographic groups. Conclusions: The perceived consequences and degree of worries varied by age, gender, socioeconomic status and to a certain degree country of birth. Girls, older youth, youth with lower socioeconomic status and with a migrant background from developing countries seemed to experience the lockdown as more difficult, and thereby possibly accentuating the need for services in these groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Jens Christoffer Skogen
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.,Alcohol and Drug Research Western Norway, Stavanger University Hospital, Norway.,Department of Public Health, University of Stavanger, Norway
| | - Ellen Haug
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Norway.,NLA University College, Bergen, Norway, 6Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Silje Mæland
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway.,Research Unit for General Practice in Bergen, Norwegian Research Center NORCE, Norway
| | - Lars Thore Fadnes
- Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Norway.,Bergen Addiction Research, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Mari Hysing
- Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Norway
| | - Ragnhild Bjørknes
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, University of Bergen, Norway
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27
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Zephyr L, Cyr C, Monette S, Archambault M, Lehmann S, Minnis H. Meta-Analyses of the Associations Between Disinhibited Social Engagement Behaviors and Child Attachment Insecurity or Disorganization. Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol 2021; 49:949-962. [PMID: 33616810 DOI: 10.1007/s10802-021-00777-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Children with disinhibited social engagement disorder show reduced reticence with strangers, do not check back with their caregiver after venturing away, and may willingly leave with an unfamiliar adult. The recent DSM-5 has moved away from an attachment framework to understand disinhibited social engagement behavior (DSEB) due to studies indicating its presence in previously institutionalized children even after these children are adopted and show a selective, more secure attachment with their substitute caregiver (e.g. Chisholm et al., 1998). This meta-analysis aims to clarify the size of the associations between DSEB and attachment insecurity or disorganization. It also examines whether studies effect sizes differ according to various moderators (e.g., child age, type of attachment and DSEB measures). The results (k = 24) showed that the associations between DSEB and attachment insecurity (d = 0.48) or attachment disorganization (d = 0.47) were of small magnitude. There were no publication biases. As for moderator analyses on both attachment insecurity and disorganization, the effect sizes in studies using DSEB observational measures (respectively d = 0.63 and 0.57) were of moderate magnitude and stronger than those in studies not using an observational component (respectively d = 0.28 and 0.32). Given these small-to-moderate associations, attachment can be considered a relationship process associated with DSEB, and attachment-informed interventions could be potential tools to reduce DSEB in children. Nevertheless, given the sizable unshared portion of variance between DSEB and child attachment, future studies should examine other variables related to caregiving and noncaregiving contexts to further understand DSEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lory Zephyr
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Psychology, Quebec, Canada
| | - Chantal Cyr
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Psychology, Quebec, Canada. .,Institut-Universitaire Jeunes en Difficulté, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Canada.
| | - Sébastien Monette
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Psychology, Quebec, Canada.,Institut-Universitaire Jeunes en Difficulté, CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l'Île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Maude Archambault
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Department of Psychology, Quebec, Canada
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Helen Minnis
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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28
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Moussavi Y, Breivik K, Wergeland GJ, Haugland BSM, Larsen M, Lehmann S. Internalizing Symptom Profiles Among Youth in Foster Care: A Comparison Study. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:711626. [PMID: 34489762 PMCID: PMC8418133 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.711626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: A high prevalence of anxiety and depression is found among youth in foster care. There is limited knowledge on the anxiety and depression symptom profiles of youth in foster care. We examined latent profiles of anxiety and depression symptoms across three unique youth samples and whether youth in foster care were more or less likely to belong to specific symptom profiles than their peers recruited from clinical or general youth populations. We also investigated if these profiles were predicted by sex and age. Methods: Self-reported anxiety and depression symptoms were assessed by Spence Children's Anxiety Scale and Short Mood and Feelings Questionnaire. Data were pooled from three youth samples (N = 2,005; mean age = 13.9 years, range = 11-18 years) comprising youth in foster care (n = 245), a clinical youth sample (n = 107), and a general population youth sample (n = 1,653). Symptom profiles were identified using latent profile analyses. Multinominal logistic regression was used to predict the latent profile membership. Results: Three profiles that differed both in symptom level and shape were identified and labeled as low, medium, and high symptom profile. Compared to the general population youth sample, youth in foster care had a higher likelihood of belonging to the high symptom profile, but not the medium symptom profile. Youth from the clinical sample had an increased risk of belonging to the medium and high symptom profiles compared to the youth in foster care and general population youth samples. Across samples, girls yielded a higher likelihood of having a medium or high symptom profile. Increasing age was associated with a higher likelihood of being in the high symptom profile. Conclusion: Compared to their counterparts in the general population, youth in foster care are at risk of belonging to a class of youth with high symptom levels across subtypes of internalizing symptoms, indicating the importance of systematic and broad assessment of internalizing symptoms among these youth. Knowledge on the symptom profiles of anxiety subtypes and depression increases our understanding of the treatment needs of youth in foster care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Moussavi
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare-West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare-West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Gro Janne Wergeland
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Division of Psychiatry, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Marit Larsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare-West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare-West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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29
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Gluschke JG, Seidl J, Lyttleton RW, Nguyen K, Lagier M, Meyer F, Krogstrup P, Nygård J, Lehmann S, Mostert AB, Meredith P, Micolich AP. Integrated bioelectronic proton-gated logic elements utilizing nanoscale patterned Nafion. Mater Horiz 2021; 8:224-233. [PMID: 34821301 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01070g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A central endeavour in bioelectronics is the development of logic elements to transduce and process ionic to electronic signals. Motivated by this challenge, we report fully monolithic, nanoscale logic elements featuring n- and p-type nanowires as electronic channels that are proton-gated by electron-beam patterned Nafion. We demonstrate inverter circuits with state-of-the-art ion-to-electron transduction performance giving DC gain exceeding 5 and frequency response up to 2 kHz. A key innovation facilitating the logic integration is a new electron-beam process for patterning Nafion with linewidths down to 125 nm. This process delivers feature sizes compatible with low voltage, fast switching elements. This expands the scope for Nafion as a versatile patternable high-proton-conductivity element for bioelectronics and other applications requiring nanoengineered protonic membranes and electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Gluschke
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
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Monette S, Cyr C, Terradas MM, Couture S, Minnis H, Lehmann S. Development and Validation of a Measure of Attachment Disorders Based on DSM-5 Criteria: The Early TRAuma-Related Disorders Questionnaire (ETRADQ). Assessment 2020; 29:556-571. [PMID: 33380162 DOI: 10.1177/1073191120981763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A review of the scientific literature showed few valid tools for assessing reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED), two diagnostic entities traditionally grouped under "attachment disorders." The Early TRAuma-related Disorders Questionnaire (ETRADQ), a caregiver report, was developed to assess attachment disorders in school-age children based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth edition criteria. This study sought to validate this instrument. METHOD Caregivers of school-age children from the community (n = 578) and caregivers of at-risk children adopted or in out-of-home care (n = 245) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, the ETRADQ, the Relationship Problem Questionnaire, the RADA (RAD and DSED Assessment) interview, and the Barkley Functional Impairment Scale for Children and Adolescents. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis of the ETRADQ items supported the expected organization of the measure, that is, two second-order factors and five subfactors: (1) RAD scale (three subscales: Low selective attachment, Low social and emotional responsiveness, Emotional unpredictability) and (2) DSED scale (two subscales: Interactions with unfamiliar adults, Social disinhibition). All scales showed excellent internal consistency, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and known-group validity. CONCLUSIONS Results support the reliability and validity of the ETRADQ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Monette
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Cyr
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Miguel M Terradas
- CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Université de Sherbrooke, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | - Sophie Couture
- CIUSSS Centre-Sud-de-l'île-de-Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Université de Montréal, Montreal, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Stine Lehmann
- Norce Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway.,University of Bergen, Bergen, Hordaland, Norway
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Lehmann S, Herrmann F, Kleemann K, Spiegler V, Liebau E, Hensel A. Extract and the quassinoid ailanthone from Ailanthus altissima inhibit nematode reproduction by damaging germ cells and rachis in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans. Fitoterapia 2020; 146:104651. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Revised: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Larsen M, Goemans A, Baste V, Wilderjans TF, Lehmann S. Predictors of quality of life among youths in foster care-a 5-year prospective follow-up study. Qual Life Res 2020; 30:543-554. [PMID: 32974880 PMCID: PMC7886817 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-020-02641-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Few studies have investigated possible predictors of positive outcomes for youths in foster care. The aim of this prospective follow-up study was to examine quality of life (QoL) among youths in foster care and to assess whether contextual and child factors predicted QoL. METHODS Online questionnaires were completed by carers in Norway in 2012 (T1, n = 236, child age 6-12 years) and by youths and carers in 2017 (T2, n = 405, youth age 11-18 years). We received responses on 116 of the youths at both T1 and T2, and our final sample consisted of 525 youths with responses from T1 and/or T2. Child welfare caseworkers reported preplacement maltreatment and service use at T1. We assessed mental health and prosocial behavior at T1 by having carers complete the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire and QoL at T2 with youth-reported KIDSCREEN-27. We analyzed the data using descriptive statistics, t-tests and multiple linear regressions, and we used multiple imputation to handle missing data. RESULTS Youths in foster care had lower QoL across all dimensions compared to a Swedish general youth sample. QoL scores among our sample were similar to Norwegian youths with ill or substance abusing parents and to European norm data. Youths reported the highest QoL scores on the parent relations and autonomy dimension. Male gender, younger age, kinship care and prosocial behavior five years earlier predicted higher QoL. CONCLUSION Similar to other at-risk youths, youths in foster care seem to have lower QoL than the general Scandinavian population. Despite early adversities, they had good relations with their current carers. Adolescent girls seem especially vulnerable to low QoL and might need extra support to have good lives in foster care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marit Larsen
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdstangen, Postbox 22, 5838, Bergen, Norway.
| | - Anouk Goemans
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tom F Wilderjans
- Methodology and Statistics Research Unit, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court Building, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Research Group of Quantitative Psychology and Individual Differences, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, KU Leuven, Tiensestraat 102, Box 3713, 3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition (LIBC), Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum (LUMC), 2300 RC, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Nygårdstangen, Postbox 22, 5838, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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Delaby C, Alcolea D, Carmona-Iragui M, Illán-Gala I, Morenas-Rodríguez E, Barroeta I, Altuna M, Estellés T, Santos-Santos M, Turon-Sans J, Muñoz L, Ribosa-Nogué R, Sala-Matavera I, Sánchez-Saudinos B, Subirana A, Videla L, Benejam B, Sirisi S, Lehmann S, Belbin O, Clarimon J, Blesa R, Pagonabarraga J, Rojas-Garcia R, Fortea J, Lleó A. Differential levels of Neurofilament Light protein in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with a wide range of neurodegenerative disorders. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9161. [PMID: 32514050 PMCID: PMC7280194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66090-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are useful in the diagnosis and the prediction of progression of several neurodegenerative diseases. Among them, CSF neurofilament light (NfL) protein has particular interest, as its levels reflect neuroaxonal degeneration, a common feature in various neurodegenerative diseases. In the present study, we analyzed NfL levels in the CSF of 535 participants of the SPIN (Sant Pau Initiative on Neurodegeneration) cohort including cognitively normal participants, patients with Alzheimer disease (AD), Down syndrome (DS), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). We evaluated the differences in CSF NfL accross groups and its association with other CSF biomarkers and with cognitive scales. All neurogenerative diseases showed increased levels of CSF NfL, with the highest levels in patients with ALS, FTD, CBS and PSP. Furthermore, we found an association of CSF NfL levels with cognitive impairment in patients within the AD and FTD spectrum and with AD pathology in DLB and DS patients. These results have implications for the use of NfL as a marker in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delaby
- Université de Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, Laboratoire de Biochimie-Protéomique clinique, INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France.,Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D Alcolea
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - M Carmona-Iragui
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain.,Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
| | - I Illán-Gala
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - E Morenas-Rodríguez
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - I Barroeta
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - M Altuna
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - T Estellés
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - M Santos-Santos
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - J Turon-Sans
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, MND Clinic, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, Ciberer, Spain
| | - L Muñoz
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - R Ribosa-Nogué
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - I Sala-Matavera
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - B Sánchez-Saudinos
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - A Subirana
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - L Videla
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain.,Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Benejam
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain.,Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
| | - S Sirisi
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - S Lehmann
- Université de Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, Laboratoire de Biochimie-Protéomique clinique, INSERM U1183, Montpellier, France
| | - O Belbin
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - J Clarimon
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - R Blesa
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain
| | - J Pagonabarraga
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain.,Department of Neurology, Movement Disorders Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Rojas-Garcia
- Department of Neurology, Neuromuscular Diseases Unit, MND Clinic, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Raras, Ciberer, Spain
| | - J Fortea
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain.,Barcelona Down Medical Center, Fundació Catalana Síndrome de Down, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Lleó
- Department of Neurology, Sant Pau Memory Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - IIB Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Ciberned, Spain.
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Lehmann S, Monette S, Egger H, Breivik K, Young D, Davidson C, Minnis H. Development and Examination of the Reactive Attachment Disorder and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder Assessment Interview. Assessment 2020; 27:749-765. [PMID: 30175603 PMCID: PMC7227130 DOI: 10.1177/1073191118797422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM) categorizes reactive attachment disorder (RAD) and disinhibited social engagement disorder (DSED) as two separate disorders, and their criteria are revised. For DSED, the core symptoms focus on abnormal social disinhibition, and symptoms regarding lack of selective attachment have been removed. The core symptoms of RAD are the absence of attachment behaviors and emotional dysregulation. In this study, an international team of researchers modified the Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment for RAD to update it from DSM-IV to DSM-5 criteria for RAD and DSED. We renamed the interview the reactive attachment disorder and disinhibited social engagement disorder assessment (RADA). Foster parents of 320 young people aged 11 to 17 years completed the RADA online. Confirmatory factor analysis of RADA items identified good fit for a three-factor model, with one factor comprising DSED items (indiscriminate behaviors with strangers) and two factors comprising RAD items (RAD1: failure to seek/accept comfort, and RAD2: withdrawal/hypervigilance). The three factors showed differential associations with clinical symptoms of emotional and social impairment. Time in foster care was not associated with scores on RAD1, RAD2, or DSED. Higher age was associated with lower scores on DSED, and higher scores on RAD1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -West, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Quebec, Canada
| | - Helen Egger
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, NY, USA
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -West, Uni Research Health, Bergen, Norway
| | - David Young
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, NHS, Greater Glasgow and Clyde, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Claire Davidson
- Adverse Childhood Experiences Clinical and Research Centre, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
| | - Helen Minnis
- Adverse Childhood Experiences Clinical and Research Centre, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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Lehmann S, Breivik K, Monette S, Minnis H. Potentially traumatic events in foster youth, and association with DSM-5 trauma- and stressor related symptoms. Child Abuse Negl 2020; 101:104374. [PMID: 31982843 DOI: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2020.104374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In DSM 5, three disorders are related to trauma and/or maltreatment: Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), Reactive Attachment Disorder (RAD) and Disinhibited Social Engagement Disorder (DSED) but how these disorders relate to each other and to traumatic events is unknown. OBJECTIVE We examined 1. Prevalence of Potentially Traumatic Events (PTEs) and poly-victimization for youths in foster care. 2. Associations between single/multiple PTEs and PTSD, DSED, and the two symptom-clusters that constitute RAD: Failure to seek/accept comfort (RAD A), and Low social-emotional responsiveness/ emotion dysregulation (RAD B). PARTICIPANTS, SETTING AND METHODS Foster youth 11-17 years (N = 303) in Norway completed The Child and Adolescent Trauma Screen. Foster parents completed the RAD and DSED Assessment interview. RESULTS Foster youth reported experiencing, on average, 3.44 PTEs each (range 0-15, SD 3.33), and 52.9 % reported PTSD symptoms at or above clinical cut off. The PTE sum score was associated with the latent factors PTSD (r = .66, p < 0.001), RAD cluster B symptoms (Low social-emotional responsiveness / emotion dysregulation, r = .28, p < 0.001) and DSED (r = .11, p = 0.046), but not with RAD cluster A symptoms (Failure to seek/accept comfort). CONCLUSIONS These findings raise new questions about the nature, mechanisms and timing of development of RAD and DSED. Maltreatment assessment needs to encompass a wide range of PTEs, and consider poly-victimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Lehmann
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway; Department of Health Promotion and Development, Faculty of Psychology, The University of Bergen, Norway.
| | - Kyrre Breivik
- Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare -West, NORCE Norwegian Research Centre, Bergen, Norway
| | - Sebastien Monette
- Department of Psychology, Université Du Québec à Montréal (UQAM), Canada
| | - Helen Minnis
- Adverse Childhood Experiences Clinical and Research Centre, Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
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Vogeler E, Dieterlen MT, Garbade J, Lehmann S, Julia F, Jawad K, Alaeldin A, Borger M, Meyer A. Telemedicine-Managed Anticoagulation Is Not Superior to Self-Management in LVAD Patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Potts H, Chen IJ, Tsintzis A, Nilsson M, Lehmann S, Dick KA, Leijnse M, Thelander C. Electrical control of spins and giant g-factors in ring-like coupled quantum dots. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5740. [PMID: 31844044 PMCID: PMC6915759 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13583-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging theoretical concepts for quantum technologies have driven a continuous search for structures where a quantum state, such as spin, can be manipulated efficiently. Central to many concepts is the ability to control a system by electric and magnetic fields, relying on strong spin-orbit interaction and a large g-factor. Here, we present a mechanism for spin and orbital manipulation using small electric and magnetic fields. By hybridizing specific quantum dot states at two points inside InAs nanowires, nearly perfect quantum rings form. Large and highly anisotropic effective g-factors are observed, explained by a strong orbital contribution. Importantly, we find that the orbital contributions can be efficiently quenched by simply detuning the individual quantum dot levels with an electric field. In this way, we demonstrate not only control of the effective g-factor from 80 to almost 0 for the same charge state, but also electrostatic change of the ground state spin.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Potts
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - I-J Chen
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - A Tsintzis
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Nilsson
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - S Lehmann
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - K A Dick
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Leijnse
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - C Thelander
- Division of Solid State Physics and NanoLund, Lund University, SE-221 00, Lund, Sweden.
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Lundetræ R, Saxvig I, Lehmann S, Bjorvatn B. Effect of treatment with continuous positive airway pressure on anxiety and depression in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. Sleep Med 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2019.11.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Thouvenot E, Demattei C, Lehmann S, Maceski‐Maleska A, Hirtz C, Juntas‐Morales R, Pageot N, Esselin F, Alphandéry S, Vincent T, Camu W. Serum neurofilament light chain at time of diagnosis is an independent prognostic factor of survival in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Eur J Neurol 2019; 27:251-257. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.14063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E. Thouvenot
- Service de Neurologie CHU Nîmes CNRS INSERM Univ Montpellier Nîmes France
| | - C. Demattei
- Département d'Information Médicale CHU Nîmes Univ Montpellier Nîmes France
| | - S. Lehmann
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Plateforme de Protéomique Clinique CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - A. Maceski‐Maleska
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Plateforme de Protéomique Clinique CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - C. Hirtz
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Plateforme de Protéomique Clinique CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - R. Juntas‐Morales
- Centre de référence SLA CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - N. Pageot
- Centre de référence SLA CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - F. Esselin
- Centre de référence SLA CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - S. Alphandéry
- Centre de référence SLA CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - T. Vincent
- Laboratoire d'Immunologie CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - W. Camu
- Centre de référence SLA CHU Montpellier INSERM Univ Montpellier Montpellier France
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Menon P, Zakhary W, Noack T, Lehmann S, Borger M, Ender J, Forner AF. Outcomes following veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for post-cardiotomy cardiogenic shock in adult cardiac surgical patients with a normal preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019. [DOI: 10.1053/j.jvca.2019.07.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Hawro T, Lehmann S, Deuring E, Weller K, Altrichter S, Church M, Maurer M, Metz M. Comparison of pruritus and sensory qualities induced by capsaicin, histamine and cowhage. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019; 33:1755-1761. [DOI: 10.1111/jdv.15743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Hawro
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - S. Lehmann
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - E. Deuring
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - K. Weller
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - S. Altrichter
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - M.K. Church
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - M. Maurer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - M. Metz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany
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Quaglia M, Cano S, Delatour V, Divieto C, Fillmer A, Goeschel L, Lehmann S, Melin J, Pang S, Verona G. Innovative measurements for improved diagnosis and management of neurodegenerative diseases. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rucheton B, Quadrio I, Schraen S, Amar E, Oudart J, Chevalier S, Bigot-Corbel E, Bousiges O, Maceski AM, Malaplate C, Dufour D, Coart E, Lehmann S, Lamari F, Perret-Liaudet A. Equivalence between Innotest® and Lumipulse®G assays for CSF biomarker-based risk profiling in Alzheimer's disease: A multicenter study. Clin Chim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.03.1292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Lehmann S, Paquet C, Malaplate-Armand C, Magnin E, Schraen S, Quillard-Muraine M, Bousiges O, Delaby C, Dumurgier J, Hugon J, Sablonnière B, Blanc F, Wallon D, Gabelle A, Laplanche JL, Bouaziz-Amar E, Peoc'h K. Diagnosis associated with Tau higher than 1200 pg/mL: Insights from the clinical and laboratory practice. Clin Chim Acta 2019; 495:451-456. [PMID: 31051163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2019.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers are valuable tools for the diagnosis of neurological diseases. We aimed to investigate within a retrospective multicentric study the final diagnosis associated with very high CSF Tau levels and to identify patterns of biomarkers that would differentiate them in clinical practice, to help clinical biologists into physicians' counseling. PATIENTS AND METHODS Within the national multicentric network ePLM, we included 1743 patients from January 1, 2008, to December 31, 2013, with CSF biomarkers assayed by the same Innotest assays (protein Tau, phospho-Tau [pTau], and Aβ 1-42). We identified 205 patients with protein Tau concentration higher than 1200 pg/mL and final diagnosis. RESULTS Among those patients, 105 (51.2%) were suffering from Alzheimer's disease, 37 (18%) from sporadic Creuztfeldt-Jakob disease, and 63 (30.7%) from other neurological diseases including paraneoplastic/ central nervous system tumor, frontotemporal dementia, other diagnoses, amyloid angiopathy, Lewy body dementia, and infections of the central nervous system. Phospho-Tau, Aβ1-42 and Aβ1-42/pTau values differed significantly between the three groups of patients (p < .001). An Aβ1-42/pTau ratio between 4.7 and 9.7 was suggestive of other neurological diseases (threshold in AD: 8.3). CSF 14-3-3 was useful to discriminate Alzheimer's disease from Creuztfeldt-Jakob disease in case of Aβ1-42 concentrations <550 pg/mL or pTau>60 pg/mL. CONCLUSION This work emphasizes the interest of a well-thought-out interpretation of CSF biomarkers in neurological diseases, particularly in the case of high Tau protein concentrations in the CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Lehmann
- CHU de Montpellier and Université de Montpellier, IRMB, CRB, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Protéomique Clinique, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - C Paquet
- Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisière Fernand-Widal APHP, INSERM U942, Université Paris Diderot, France
| | - C Malaplate-Armand
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, UF Oncologie - Endocrinologie - Neurobiologie, Hôpital Central, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Nancy, France
| | - E Magnin
- Centre Mémoire Ressources Recherche Besançon Franche-Comté, Departement of Neurology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - S Schraen
- Univ.Lille, Inserm, CHU-Lille, UMR-S1172 and Neurobiology Unit, Centre de Biologie-Pathologie, Lille, France
| | | | - O Bousiges
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France; Laboratoire de Neurosciences cognitives et Adaptatives (LNCA), UMR7364 Unistra/CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - C Delaby
- CHU de Montpellier and Université de Montpellier, IRMB, CRB, Laboratoire de Biochimie et Protéomique Clinique, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - J Dumurgier
- Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisière Fernand-Widal APHP, INSERM U942, Université Paris Diderot, France
| | - J Hugon
- Centre de Neurologie Cognitive, Groupe Hospitalier Saint-Louis Lariboisière Fernand-Widal APHP, INSERM U942, Université Paris Diderot, France
| | - B Sablonnière
- Centre Mémoire Ressources Recherche Besançon Franche-Comté, Departement of Neurology, CHU Besançon, Besançon, France
| | - F Blanc
- 2ICube laboratory and FMTS (Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg), team IMIS-Neurocrypto, University of Strasbourg and CNRS, Strasbourg, France
| | - D Wallon
- Inserm U1079, University of Rouen, Department of Neurology, France
| | - A Gabelle
- Centre Mémoire Ressources Recherche, CHU de Montpellier, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier, Université Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - J L Laplanche
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, APHP, Paris, France
| | - E Bouaziz-Amar
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, APHP, Paris, France
| | - K Peoc'h
- Service de Biochimie et Biologie moléculaire, GH Saint-Louis-Lariboisière-Fernand Widal, APHP, Paris, France; APHP, HUPNVS, Hôpital Beaujon, Biochimie clinique, Clichy, France; Université Paris Diderot, France.
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Auboyer L, Monzo C, Wallon D, Rovelet-Lecrux A, Gabelle A, Gazagne I, Cacheux V, Lehmann S, Crozet C. Generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) IRMBi002-A from an Alzheimer's disease patient carrying a D694N mutation in the APP gene. Stem Cell Res 2019; 37:101438. [PMID: 31004935 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2019.101438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) were generated from skin fibroblasts obtained from a 58 year-old woman suffering from Alzheimer's disease and carrying a D694N mutation on Amyloid precursor protein (APP). Fibroblasts were reprogrammed into iPSC using the integration-free Sendai Virus which allows the expression of the Yamanaka factors. Verification of their pluripotency was achieved by demonstrating the expression of pluripotency markers and their differentiation potential into the three primary germ layers. The cells have the corresponding mutation and present a normal karyotype. The reported APP-D694N iPSC line may be used to model and study human AD pathology in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Auboyer
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Montpellier, France
| | - C Monzo
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Montpellier, France
| | - D Wallon
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Neurology and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Rovelet-Lecrux
- Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, Inserm U1245, Rouen University Hospital, Department of Genetics and CNR-MAJ, Normandy Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, F 76000 Rouen, France
| | - A Gabelle
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Montpellier, France; Hopital St Eloi, CHU Montpellier, 80 rue augustin Fliche, 30295 Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UM, 163 Rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - I Gazagne
- Hopital St Eloi, CHU Montpellier, 80 rue augustin Fliche, 30295 Montpellier, France
| | - V Cacheux
- Hopital St Eloi, CHU Montpellier, 80 rue augustin Fliche, 30295 Montpellier, France
| | - S Lehmann
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Montpellier, France; Hopital St Eloi, CHU Montpellier, 80 rue augustin Fliche, 30295 Montpellier, France; Université de Montpellier, UM, 163 Rue Auguste Broussonnet, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - C Crozet
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine and Biotherapy (IRMB), Montpellier, France; Hopital St Eloi, CHU Montpellier, 80 rue augustin Fliche, 30295 Montpellier, France.
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Lehmann S, Womelsdorf T, Corneil B. cTBS increases the frequency of narrow-band gamma bursts in the contralateral pre-frontal cortex in a primate model of rTMS. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Lipps DB, Leonardis JM, Lehmann S, Dess RT, McGinnis G, Strauss JB, Hayman JA, Pierce LJ, Jagsi R. Abstract P1-12-18: Mechanical properties of the shoulder and pectoralis major in women undergoing breast conserving therapy with axillary dissection and regional nodal radiotherapy versus sentinel node biopsy and radiotherapy to the breast alone. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-p1-12-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Breast conserving surgery (BCS) and radiotherapy (RT) reduce the risk of breast cancer recurrence, but can cause various functional deficits in breast cancer survivors. Side effects to the shoulder can include pain, stiffness, and restricted mobility, which are difficult to objectively assess in the clinic.
Methods: The mechanical integrity of the shoulder and the pectoralis major (PM) was assessed in patients at least 1 year post-treatment with BCS and RT. Nine patients with node-negative breast cancer were treated with 2 RT fields to the breast alone after BCS and sentinel node biopsy (Group 1). Nine patients with node-positive breast cancer were treated with ≥3 RT fields to the breast and draining lymphatics after BCS and axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) (Group 2). Nodal RT was delivered to the supraclavicular and infraclavicular (level III axillary) nodes in 9/9 patients, the internal mammary nodes in 6/9 patients, and the full axilla (levels I, II, and III) in 1/9 patient. Nine age-matched healthy controls (mean age 54) with no history of breast cancer or shoulder injury were also examined. The mechanical integrity of the shoulder was objectively quantified using robot-assisted biomechanical measures of shoulder stiffness. The shear elastic modulus, or 'stiffness', of the clavicular and sternocostal fiber regions of PM was assessed using ultrasound shear wave elastography. Participants were examined while they were relaxed or actively contracting force with their shoulder muscles. Linear mixed effect models with Bonferroni-corrected multiple comparisons were used to determine if shoulder stiffness or PM shear elastic modulus differed between the two breast cancer groups and controls.
Results: Patients in Groups 1 (mean age 54) and 2 (mean age 57) were an average (SD) 754(111) and 988(163) days since initiating RT (p=0.003). Shoulder stiffness did not differ between the 2 groups and healthy controls (F2,27=0.76, p=0.48), There was a significant group difference in PM shear elastic modulus (F2,27=8.33, p=0.0015), with Group 2 patients exhibiting an average greater stiffness of 14-21% in the sternocostal and 12-28% in the clavicular regions of the PM versus Group 1 patients (p<0.001) and healthy controls (p =0.021). There was no difference between patients treated with Group 1 and controls (p=0.29).
Conclusions: Although power is limited due to small sample size, this study provides the first evidence that the mechanical integrity of the shoulder remains intact in patients who receive ALND combined with a supraclavicular field (generally without full axillary radiotherapy). The observation of altered PM function without subsequent changes to shoulder stiffness in patients treated with ALND and ≥3 RT fields suggests these patients likely develop new neuromuscular strategies to stabilize the shoulder joint to compensate for the PM. Future work is needed to appreciate whether certain muscle strategies are associated with poorer quality of life in breast cancer survivors, and to prospectively monitor the impact of breast cancer treatments on PM mechanical properties.
Citation Format: Lipps DB, Leonardis JM, Lehmann S, Dess RT, McGinnis G, Strauss JB, Hayman JA, Pierce LJ, Jagsi R. Mechanical properties of the shoulder and pectoralis major in women undergoing breast conserving therapy with axillary dissection and regional nodal radiotherapy versus sentinel node biopsy and radiotherapy to the breast alone [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-12-18.
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Affiliation(s)
- DB Lipps
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - JM Leonardis
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - S Lehmann
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - RT Dess
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - G McGinnis
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - JB Strauss
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - JA Hayman
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - LJ Pierce
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
| | - R Jagsi
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI; Northwestern University, Chicago, IL; Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR
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Gluschke JG, Seidl J, Burke AM, Lyttleton RW, Carrad DJ, Ullah AR, Fahlvik S, Lehmann S, Linke H, Micolich AP. Achieving short high-quality gate-all-around structures for horizontal nanowire field-effect transistors. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:064001. [PMID: 30523834 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaf1e5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a fabrication method for gate-all-around nanowire field-effect transistors. Single nanowires were aligned perpendicular to underlying bottom gates using a resist-trench alignment technique. Top gates were then defined aligned to the bottom gates to form gate-all-around structures. This approach overcomes significant limitations in minimal obtainable gate length and gate-length control in previous horizontal wrap-gated nanowire transistors that arise because the gate is defined by wet-etching. In the method presented here gate-length control is limited by the resolution of the electron-beam-lithography process. We demonstrate the versatility of our approach by fabricating a device with an independent bottom gate, top gate, and gate-all-around structure as well as a device with three independent gate-all-around structures with 300, 200, and 150 nm gate length. Our method enables us to achieve subthreshold swings as low as 38 mV dec-1 at 77 K for a 150 nm gate length.
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Affiliation(s)
- J G Gluschke
- School of Physics, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
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Lehmann S, Jawad K, Hoyer A, Dieterlen T, Funkat K, Meyer A, Garbade J, Davierwala P, Borger M. Is Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation an Option in Patients with Refractory Postcardiotomy Cardiogenic Shock? Long-Term Follow-up Over 1,500 Consecutive Adult Patients. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1678800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Lehmann
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K. Jawad
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A. Hoyer
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - T. Dieterlen
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K. Funkat
- Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A. Meyer
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J. Garbade
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P. Davierwala
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M.A. Borger
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Lehmann S, Dieterlen MT, Garbade J, Meyer A, Funkat K, Hoyer A, Jawad K, Leontyev S, Davierwala P, Borger M. Impact of ABO Blood Group on Survival after Isolated Xenograft Aortic Valve Replacement. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1678811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Lehmann
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M.-T. Dieterlen
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - J. Garbade
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A. Meyer
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K. Funkat
- Leipzig Heart Institute, Leipzig, Germany
| | - A. Hoyer
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - K. Jawad
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - S. Leontyev
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - P. Davierwala
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - M.A. Borger
- Universitätsklinik für Herzchirurgie, Herzzentrum Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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