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Nahar A, Hasan SK, Haq AI, Dowllah E, Al-Amin M, Sayeed SJ, Sikder MH, Rahman MM, Akhtaruzzaman M, Hoque MT. Dysfunction of Thyroid Hormones Following Acute Coronary Syndrome in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:486-491. [PMID: 38557530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
In cardiovascular homeostasis thyroid hormone plays an important role. We planned to study the changes in thyroid hormone profile in acute coronary syndrome patients admitted in the coronary care unit and compare them between two groups: unstable angina/non-ST elevated Myocardial infarction (UA/NSTEMI) and ST elevated Myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study was a hospital based descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted from 01 March 2018 to 01 February 2019 in Coronary Care Unit of Bangladesh Medical College Hospital and laboratory tests were done in Microbiology Department of Bangladesh Medical College, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Eighty three cases of acute coronary syndromes were taken for the study. Troponin-I was measured as cardiac marker, Electrocardiogram, Complete blood count, blood glucose level, Blood urea, serum creatinine, serum electrolytes, Fasting lipid profile, Thyroid profile, Echocardiography 2D were done. Most of the respondents were distributed in age group 46-60 years where 34(64.15%) male and 19(35.85%) female. Out of 83 Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients, 27(32.53%) hypertensive, 22(26.50%) diabetic and 16(19.27%) were Chronic kidney disease (CKD). Abnormal lipid profile was present in 30(43.47%) patients. Among total 52 male and 31 female 9(17.30%) male and 6(19.35%) female had abnormal thyroid function. We further elaborated abnormal thyroid function tests in STEMI group and UA/Non STEMI group of ACS patients. We found 10 patients in STEMI group and 5 patients in UA/Non STEMI group with abnormal thyroid function 29.41% and 10.20% respectively which was not statistically significant (p=0.025). This study depicts abnormality in thyroid hormone profile in 18.07% patients of ACS. Abnormal thyroid function increases risk of coronary artery disease. TSH level of ACS patients on hospital admission could be helpful to evaluate further prognosis of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Nahar
- Dr Azizun Nahar, Associate Professor of Microbiology, Bangladesh Medical College (BMC), Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Hasan SK, Nahar A, Ahmed SR, Sayeed SJ, Hasnat S, Rashid KY, Diba F, Hasan MM, Chowdhury RA. Wound Infection in Surgical Ward of a Tertiary Care Hospital in Dhaka City: The Identification of Organisms and Their Sensitivity Pattern. Mymensingh Med J 2024; 33:125-132. [PMID: 38163783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Wound infection is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The aim of this study was to identify the organisms and their sensitivity pattern from wound infection patients attending in a tertiary care hospital in Dhaka city. This cross-sectional study was carried out in a total of 240 aseptically collected wound swab samples from wound infection suspected patients visiting Bangladesh Medical College Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh were analyzed from July 2017 to June 2019. Bacteriological culture of the samples, colony morphology, Gram's staining, and biochemical tests were done following standard microbiological techniques. The antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion technique following clinical and laboratory standards institute guidelines. Out of 240 wound swab samples from suspected patients of wound infection, 126(52.5%) showed bacterial growth whereas 114(47.5%) were culture negative. No sample yielded more than one organism. Among 126 culture positive cases 75(59.52%) were male and 51(40.48%) were female. The higher rate of bacterial infections 26.19% was noted in the age group of 21-30 years, followed by the age group of 31-40 years, 41-50 years, 51-60 years. Among 126 culture positive cases, 74.6% were Gram negative and 25.4% were Gram positive bacteria. Out of total 126 isolates, E. coli was the most prevalent pathogen 31(24.60%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus 29(23.01%); Pseudomonas 27(21.43%); Klebsiella 18(14.29%); Enterobacter 12(9.52%); Acinetobacter 4(3.17%), while Coagulase negative Staphylococcus 3(2.38%) and Proteus 2(1.59%) were least detected isolates in wound swab. Highly effective antibiotics against Staph aureus were vancomycin 100.0%; imipenem 100.0%; linezolid 100.0% and meropenem 89.65%. Amikacin; gentamicin; netilmicin; imipenem and meropenem showed higher sensitivity in E coli, Klebsiella and Enterobacter species. Colistin was 88.88% effective against Pseudominas spp. followed by imipenem 81.48%, piperacillin-tazobactam 77.78%, meropenem 70.37% and amikacin 51.85%. Acinetobacter spp. showed 75.0% and 50.0% sensitivity to netilmicin and colistin respectively. Injectable and reserve drugs were sensitive to bacterial populations among patients of wound infections in our hospital. It is a wake-up call for clinician to treat wound infections. To prevent the increase resistance to antibiotics, it is necessary to avoid the administration of uncontrolled and unnecessary antibiotics available.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Hasan
- Dr Syed Khalid Hasan, Associate Professor, Department of Surgery, Bangladesh Medical College & Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh; E-mail:
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Kumar Gupta S, Gohil D, Dutta D, Panigrahi GC, Gupta P, Dalvi K, Khanka T, Yadav S, Kumar Kaushal R, Chichra A, Punatar S, Gokarn A, Mirgh S, Jindal N, Nayak L, Tembhare PR, Khizer Hasan S, Kumar Sandur S, Hingorani L, Khattry N, Gota V. Withaferin-A alleviates acute graft versus host disease without compromising graft versus leukemia effect. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110437. [PMID: 37311352 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Acute graft versus host disease (aGvHD) contributes to a significant proportion of non-relapse mortality and morbidity in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT). Withaferin-A (WA), a phytomolecule obtained from Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), is known to have anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative and immunomodulatory properties. The efficacy of WA for the prevention and treatment of aGvHD was evaluated using a murine model of alloHSCT. Prophylactic administration of WA to mice mitigated the clinical symptoms of aGvHD and improved survival significantly compared to the GvHD control [HR = 0.07 (0.01-0.35); P < 0.001]. Furthermore, WA group had better overall survival compared to standard prophylactic regimen of CSA + MTX [HR = 0.19 (0.03-1.1), P < 0.05]. At the same time, WA did not compromise the beneficial GvL effect. In addition, WA administered to animals after the onset of aGvHD could reverse the clinical severity and improved survival, thus establishing its therapeutic potential. Our findings suggest that WA reduced the systemic levels of Th1, Th2 and Th17 inflammatory cytokine and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 levels significantly (P < 0.05). WA also inhibited lymphocytes migration to gut, liver, skin and lung and protected these organs from damage. Ex-vivo, WA inhibited proliferation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (hPBMCs), modulated immune cell phenotype and decreased cytokine release. In addition, WA inhibited pJAK2 and pSTAT3 protein levels in mouse splenocytes and hPBMCs. In conclusion, our study demonstrates the utility of WA for the prevention and treatment of aGvHD, which should be further evaluated in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dievya Gohil
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Deepshikha Dutta
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Girish Ch Panigrahi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Puja Gupta
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kajal Dalvi
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Twinkle Khanka
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India
| | - Subhash Yadav
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajiv Kumar Kaushal
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai 400012, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Akanksha Chichra
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sachin Punatar
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anant Gokarn
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sumeet Mirgh
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Nishant Jindal
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lingaraj Nayak
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prashant R Tembhare
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Syed Khizer Hasan
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Sandur
- Radiation Biology and Health Science Division, Bio-science Group, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400094, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Lal Hingorani
- Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd., Anand 388435, Gujarat, India
| | - Navin Khattry
- Department of Medical Oncology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India
| | - Vikram Gota
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410210, Maharashtra, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, BARC Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, Maharashtra, India.
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Dutta RP, Kumar R, Tembhare PR, Bagal B, Swain RK, Hasan SK. Targeting transcriptional kinase of CDK7 halts proliferation of multiple myeloma cells by modulating the function of canonical NF-kB pathway and cell cycle regulatory proteins. Transl Oncol 2023; 35:101729. [PMID: 37369156 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an incurable plasma cell neoplasm. Despite several effective frontline therapeutic regimens, including Bortezomib (BTZ), relapse is almost inevitable; therefore, better therapeutic modalities to improve the outcomes are needed. Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are an essential constituent of the cellular transcriptional machinery and tumors including MM are critically dependent on transcription to maintain their oncogenic state. In the present study, we explored the efficacy of THZ1, a covalent CDK7 inhibitor in MM treatment using Bortezomib resistant (H929BTZR) cells and zebrafish xenografts. THZ1 showed anti-myeloma activity in the models of MM but had no effect on healthy CD34+ cells. THZ1 suppresses phosphorylation of carboxy-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II and downregulates the transcription of BCL2 family of proteins both in H929BTZS and H929BTZR cells leading to G1/S arrest and apoptosis. THZ1 mediates inhibition of bone marrow stromal cells-induced proliferation and activation of NF-kB signaling. The data derived from zebrafish xenografts of MM demonstrate that THZ1 combined with BTZ synergistically reduces tumor growth in zebrafish embryos. Collectively, our results reveal that THZ1 alone as well as in combination with BTZ has effective anti-myeloma activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rudra Prasad Dutta
- Hasan Lab, ACTREC-Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Hematology and Medical Oncology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rohit Kumar
- Hasan Lab, ACTREC-Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Bhausaheb Bagal
- Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Rajeeb Kumar Swain
- Developmental Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Syed Khizer Hasan
- Hasan Lab, ACTREC-Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India.
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Sriram H, Kunjachan F, Khanka T, Gawai S, Ghogale S, Deshpande N, Girase K, Patil J, Chatterjee G, Rajpal S, Patkar NV, Bagal B, Jain H, Sengar M, Hasan SK, Khattry N, Subramanian PG, Gujral S, Tembhare PR. Expression levels and patterns of B-cell maturation antigen in newly diagnosed and relapsed multiple myeloma patients from Indian subcontinent. Cytometry B Clin Cytom 2022; 102:462-470. [PMID: 36346307 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many novel therapies are being evaluated for the treatment of Multiple myeloma (MM). The cell-surface protein B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA, CD269) has recently emerged as a promising target for CAR-T cell and monoclonal-antibody therapies in MM. However, the knowledge of the BCMA expression-pattern in myeloma patients from the Indian subcontinent is still not available. We present an in-depth study of BCMA expression-pattern on abnormal plasma cells (aPC) in Indian MM patients. METHODS We studied BM samples from 217 MM patients (211-new and 6-relapsed) with a median age of 56 years (range, 30-78 years & M:F-2.29) and 20 control samples. Expression levels/patterns of CD269 (clone-19f2) were evaluated in aPCs from MM patients and in normal PCs (nPC) from uninvolved staging bone marrow samples (controls) using multicolor flow cytometry (MFC). Expression-level of CD269 was determined as a ratio of mean fluorescent intensity (MFI-R) of CD269 in PCs to that of non-B-lymphocytes and expression-pattern (homogenous/heterogeneous) as coefficient-of-variation of immunofluorescence (CVIF). RESULTS Median (range) percentage of CD269-positive abnormal-PCs in total PCs was 71.6% (0.49-99.29%). The MFI-R (median, range) of CD269 was significantly higher in aPCs (4.13, 1.12-26.88) than nPCs (3.33, 1.23-12.87), p < .0001. Median (range) MFI of CD269 at diagnosis and relapse were 2.39 (0.77-9.57) and 2.66 (2.15-3.23) respectively. CD269 levels were similar at diagnosis and relapse, p = .5529. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that BCMA/CD269 is highly expressed in aPCs from a majority of MM patients, both at diagnosis and relapse. Thus, BCMA is a valuable target for therapy for Indian MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshini Sriram
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Florence Kunjachan
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Twinkle Khanka
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sangamitra Gawai
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sitaram Ghogale
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Nilesh Deshpande
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Karishma Girase
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Jagruti Patil
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Gaurav Chatterjee
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sweta Rajpal
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Nikhil V Patkar
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Bhausaheb Bagal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Hasmukh Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Manju Sengar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Syed Khizer Hasan
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Navin Khattry
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Papagudi G Subramanian
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Sumeet Gujral
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Prashant R Tembhare
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
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Hasan SK. Radial basis function‐based exoskeleton robot controller development. IET Cyber-Syst and Robotics 2022. [DOI: 10.1049/csy2.12057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- SK Hasan
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering Miami University Oxford Ohio USA
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Hasan SK, Patkar NV, Rajamanickam D, Gokarn A, Lucena-Araujo AR, Tembhare P, Bagal B, Kadam Amare P, Jain H, Gujral S, Sengar M, Subramanian PG, Khattry N. Over expression of brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic and ETS-related gene is associated with poor outcome in acute myeloid leukemia. Hematol Oncol 2020; 38:808-816. [PMID: 32893896 DOI: 10.1002/hon.2800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The high expression of brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic (BAALC) and ETS-related gene (ERG) has been reported to influence the outcome in acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but due to limited prospective studies, their role as prognostic factors is unclear. At diagnosis, the prognostic value of BAALC and ERG expression with respect to other cytogenetic and molecular markers was analyzed in 149 AML patients. Patients were divided into quartiles which resulted in the formation of four groups (G1-G4) based on expression values of BAALC and ERG and clinical response defined across groups. Groups with similar survival probabilities were merged together and categorized subsequently as high versus low expressers. Patients with high BAALC and ERG expression had significantly lower overall survival (OS; BAALC: p = 0.001 at 5 years 29.4% vs. 69.8%; ERG: p < 0.0001 at 5 years 4% vs. 50.4%) and disease-free survival (BAALC: p = 0.001 at 5 years 19.5% vs. 69.8%; ERG: p < 0.0001 at 5 years 4.2% vs. 47%). Patients were further stratified combining BAALC and ERG expression in an integrative prognostic risk score (IPRS). After a median follow-up of 54 months (95% CI 45-63 months) among survivors, IPRS for high versus low expressers was a significant predictor for OS (BAALC + ERG: 4% vs. 71.6%, p < 0.0001) and DFS (BAALC + ERG: 4.5% vs. 74.1%, p < 0.0001). In a multivariate model, IPRS of BAALC + ERG expression retained prognostic significance for OS (hazard ratio [HR] 2.96, 95%CI 1.91-4.59, p < 0.001) and DFS (HR 3.61, 95%CI 2.26-5.76, p < 0.001).
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khizer Hasan
- Cell and Tumor Biology Group, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India.,Homi Bhabha National Institute (HBNI), Mumbai, India
| | - Nikhil V Patkar
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Deepan Rajamanickam
- Department of Medical Oncology, Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Anant Gokarn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Prashant Tembhare
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Bhausaheb Bagal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Hasmukh Jain
- Department of Medical Oncology, Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sumeet Gujral
- Hematopathology Laboratory, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Navi Mumbai, India
| | - Manju Sengar
- Department of Medical Oncology, Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Navin Khattry
- Department of Medical Oncology, Adult Hematolymphoid Disease Management Group, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
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Alfonso V, Iaccarino L, Ottone T, Cicconi L, Lavorgna S, Divona M, Cairoli R, Cristiano A, Ciardi C, Travaglini S, Falconi G, Hasan SK, Venditti A, Arcese W, Voso MT, Lo-Coco F. Early and sensitive detection of PML-A216V mutation by droplet digital PCR in ATO-resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia. Leukemia 2019; 33:1527-1530. [PMID: 30651632 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-018-0298-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Alfonso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - L Iaccarino
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - T Ottone
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Neuroimmunology and Flow Cytometry Units, Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S, Rome, Italy
| | - L Cicconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - S Lavorgna
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.,Neuroimmunology and Flow Cytometry Units, Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S, Rome, Italy
| | - M Divona
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - R Cairoli
- Division of Hematology, Niguarda Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - A Cristiano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - C Ciardi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - S Travaglini
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - G Falconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - S K Hasan
- CRI Lab 2, ACTREC, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - A Venditti
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - W Arcese
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - M T Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - F Lo-Coco
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. .,Neuroimmunology and Flow Cytometry Units, Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S, Rome, Italy.
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Ottone T, Alfonso V, Iaccarino L, Hasan SK, Mancini M, Divona M, Lavorgna S, Cicconi L, Panetta P, Maurillo L, Del Principe MI, Irno Consalvo M, Franceschini L, Angelini DF, Battistini L, Guerrera G, De Bardi M, Fabiani E, Falconi G, Arcese W, Amadori S, Buccisano F, Venditti A, Voso MT, Lo-Coco F. Longitudinal detection of DNMT3A R882H transcripts in patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Am J Hematol 2018; 93:E120-E123. [PMID: 29417611 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.25061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ottone
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Oncoematologia; , Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S.; Rome Italy
| | - Valentina Alfonso
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Licia Iaccarino
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | | | - Melissa Mancini
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | | | - Serena Lavorgna
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Laura Cicconi
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Paola Panetta
- Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, Policlinico Tor Vergata; Roma Italy
| | - Luca Maurillo
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | | | | | - Luca Franceschini
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Daniela F. Angelini
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Immunologia e Citofluorimetria; Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S.; Rome Italy
| | - Luca Battistini
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Immunologia e Citofluorimetria; Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S.; Rome Italy
| | - Gisella Guerrera
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Immunologia e Citofluorimetria; Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S.; Rome Italy
| | - Marco De Bardi
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Immunologia e Citofluorimetria; Fondazione Santa Lucia-I.R.C.C.S.; Rome Italy
| | - Emiliano Fabiani
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Giulia Falconi
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - William Arcese
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Sergio Amadori
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Buccisano
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Adriano Venditti
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione; Università degli studi Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Oncoematologia; , Fondazione Santa Lucia I.R.C.C.S.; Rome Italy
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Barnwal P, Vafa A, Afzal SM, Shahid A, Hasan SK, Alpashree, Sultana S. Benzo(a)pyrene induces lung toxicity and inflammation in mice: prevention by carvacrol. Hum Exp Toxicol 2017; 37:752-761. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327117735572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) is an environmental pollutant which causes various lung toxicities. The present study was designed to evaluate the protective effects of carvacrol, a monoterpenic phenol against B(a)P-induced lung toxicity. In this study, Swiss albino mice were pretreated with carvacrol (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg) orally for 7 consecutive days before administering oral B(a)P (125 mg/kg). Preventive efficacy of carvacrol was assessed in terms of membrane oxidation, antioxidant enzyme activities, histopathological changes, and inflammatory (iNOS, NF-κB, and COX-2) markers. Carvacrol pretreatment in the two doses restored B(a)P-induced lipid peroxidation and increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes. Protein expressions of iNOS, NF-κB, and COX-2 in the lung tissue were found to be upregulated by B(a)P. Carvacrol treatment, however, downregulated their expressions by decreasing the marker of positive stained cells and restored the histopathological architecture of lung tissue. Our results suggest that carvacrol can be used as a protective agent against B(a)P-induced lung toxicity and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Barnwal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - A Vafa
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - SM Afzal
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - A Shahid
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - SK Hasan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - Alpashree
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
| | - S Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, India
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Iaccarino L, Ottone T, Hasan SK, Divona M, Cicconi L, Lavorgna S, Alfonso V, Basso G, Barragán E, Bocchia M, Rego EM, Grimwade D, Voso MT, Lo-Coco F. Comparative genomic analysis of PML and RARA breakpoints in paired diagnosis/relapse samples of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia treated with all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy. Leuk Lymphoma 2017; 59:1268-1270. [PMID: 28838264 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2017.1369067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Licia Iaccarino
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Tiziana Ottone
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Syed Khizer Hasan
- b Department of Medical Oncology ACTREC , Tata Memorial Centre , Navi Mumbai , India
| | - Mariadomenica Divona
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Laura Cicconi
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Serena Lavorgna
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Valentina Alfonso
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- c Department of Women's and Children's Health , University of Padova , Padova , Italy
| | - Eva Barragán
- d Department of Clinical Chemistry, Laboratory of Molecular Biology , Hospital Universitario La Fe , Valencia , Spain
| | - Monica Bocchia
- e Department of Medicine and Immunological Sciences, Division of Hematology and Transplants , University of Siena , Siena , Italy
| | - Eduardo Magalhaes Rego
- f Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School of Ribeirao Preto and Center for Cell Based Therapy , University of São Paulo , Ribeirao Preto , Brazil
| | - David Grimwade
- g Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics , King's College London School of Medicine , London , UK
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- a Department of Biomedicine and Prevention , Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" , Rome , Italy
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Ali R, Shahid A, Ali N, Hasan SK, Majed F, Sultana S. Amelioration of Benzo[a]pyrene-induced oxidative stress and pulmonary toxicity by Naringenin in Wistar rats: A plausible role of COX-2 and NF-κB. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:349-364. [PMID: 27206700 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116650009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Naringenin is a naturally occurring flavanones and has been found to exhibit free radical scavenging, enzyme inhibition, antioxidants, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Present study was designed to evaluate the protective role of naringenin against benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced oxidative stress and pulmonary toxicity. Rats were treated with naringenin at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight (b. wt.), by oral gavage. B[a]P in a single dose of 50 mg/kg b. wt. was given intraperitoneally. Total protein, total cell counts, lactate dehydrogenase, lipid peroxidation, reduced glutathione, antioxidant enzymes activities, lung histology and expression of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), and cyclo-oxygenase-2 (COX-2) was assessed to evaluate protective effects of naringenin. Histopathological and immunohistochemical studies were also carried out to observe lung toxicity and inflammation. B[a]P administration enhanced the levels of lung injury markers and reduced antioxidant enzymes activities. Naringenin treatment attenuated the levels of oxidative stress by restoring antioxidant enzymes, further improved lung histological damage and significant decrease in inflammatory responses. Naringenin also effectively decreased the expression of NF-κB, and COX-2 induced by B[a]P. These findings suggest that naringenin supplementation is beneficial in maintaining the integrity of alveoli and the epithelium that may be used as a protective agent in B[a]P-induced oxidative stress and lung damage. However, further studies are warranted to elucidate the potential mechanism of action of naringenin.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Ali
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - A Shahid
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - N Ali
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Hasan
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - F Majed
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sultana
- Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Mancini M, Hasan SK, Ottone T, Lavorgna S, Ciardi C, Angelini DF, Agostini F, Venditti A, Lo-Coco F. Two Novel Methods for Rapid Detection and Quantification of DNMT3A R882 Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. J Mol Diagn 2015; 17:179-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Hasan SK, Khan R, Ali N, Khan AQ, Rehman MU, Tahir M, Lateef A, Nafees S, Mehdi SJ, Rashid S, Shahid A, Sultana S. 18-β Glycyrrhetinic acid alleviates 2-acetylaminofluorene-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2014; 34:628-41. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327114554045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
2-Acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF) is a known hepatic carcinogen which leads to tumour formation in rodents. 18-β Glycyrrhetinic acid (18 β-GA) derived from liquorice plant has various pharmacological properties such as anti-ulcer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, hepatoprotective and antioxidant. This study is designed to elucidate the chemopreventive properties of 18 β-GA against 2-AAF-induced liver toxicity in Wistar rats and evaluated its effect on inflammatory and tumour promotion marker and activities of different oxidative stress enzymes. Administration of 2-AAF at the dose of (50 mg/kg body weight (b.w.) intraperitoneally (i.p.)) for five consecutive days induces hepatic toxicity, inflammation, oxidative stress and hyperproliferation. Pretreatment with 18 β-GA at two different doses (45 and 75 mg kg−1 b.w.) significantly ameliorates 2-AAF-induced increased lipid peroxidation, alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase, xanthine oxidase activities and activities of phase-II detoxifying enzymes along with the levels of glutathione content. Administration of 18 β-GA also significantly restored the expressions of proliferating cell nuclear antigen, cyclooxygenase 2, inducible nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor κB. Furthermore, histological observations also support the preventive effects of 18 β-GA. Our findings suggest that pretreatment with 18 β-GA showed potential hepatoprotective effects via attenuation of oxidative stress, inflammation and hyperproliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- SK Hasan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - R Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - N Ali
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - AQ Khan
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - MU Rehman
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - M Tahir
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - A Lateef
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - S Nafees
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - SJ Mehdi
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - S Rashid
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - A Shahid
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
| | - S Sultana
- Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Chemoprevention, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, India
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Ottone T, Hasan SK, Voso MT, Ledda A, Montefusco E, Fenu S, Pagoni M, Hubmann M, Lunghi M, Platzbecker U, Lo-Coco F. Genomic analysis of therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemias arising after malignant and non-malignant disorders. Am J Hematol 2014; 89:346-7. [PMID: 24375429 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.23646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biopathology; University of Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Oncoematologia; Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - Syed Khizer Hasan
- Department of Biopathology; University of Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Oncoematologia; Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Istituto di Ematologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Rome Italy
| | - Antonio Ledda
- Ematologia/Centro Trapianti Midollo Osseo; Ospedale R. Binaghi Cagliari Italy
| | | | - Susanna Fenu
- Department of Hematology; Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni-Addolorata; Roma Italy
| | - Maria Pagoni
- Department of Hematology and Lymphoma; Evangelismos Hospital; Athens Greece
| | - Maximillian Hubmann
- Ludwig-Maximillians University Munich; Grosshadern Internal Medicine Munich Germany
| | - Monia Lunghi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine; Università del Piemonte; Orientale Amedeo Avogadro Novara Italy
| | - Uwe Platzbecker
- Universitätsklinikum Department of Medicine, Carl Gustav Carus; Dresden Germany
| | - Francesco Lo-Coco
- Department of Biopathology; University of Tor Vergata; Rome Italy
- Laboratorio di Neuro-Oncoematologia; Fondazione Santa Lucia; Rome Italy
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Hasan SK, Barba G, Metzler M, Divona M, Ottone T, Cicconi L, Falini B, Mecucci C, Lo-Coco F. Clustering of genomic breakpoints at the MLL locus in therapy-related acute leukemia with t(4;11)(q21;q23). Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2013; 53:248-54. [PMID: 24310817 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Genomic characterization of translocation breakpoints is relevant to identify possible mechanisms underlying their origin. The consistent association of anthracylines (e.g., epirubicin and idarubicin) in inducing therapy-related acute leukemias (t-AL) with mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearrangement suggests that MLL translocations are causative events for t-AL. Using asymmetric multiplex PCR strategy followed by direct DNA sequencing, we characterized the genomic breakpoints of the MLL and AFF1 genes in two patients who developed t-AL with t(4;11)(q21;q23). Chemotherapeutic treatment of the primary disease in both patients included topoisomerase II (topo II) targeting agents. In one case, the MLL breakpoint was located in intron 9 at nucleotide position chr11:118354284 while the AFF1 breakpoint was in intron 3 at nucleotide position chr4:87992070. The breakpoint junction sequences revealed an insertion of two nucleotides at the MLL-AFF1 junction. In the other patient, the MLL breakpoint was located in intron 11 at nucleotide position chr11:118359130-32 and the AFF1 break was in intron 3 at nucleotide position chr4:87996215-17. The MLL breakpoint found in the latter patient was identical to that of two previously reported cases, strongly suggesting the presence of a preferential site of DNA cleavage in the presence of topo II inhibitor. In addition, microhomologies at the breakpoint junctions were indicative of DNA repair by the non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway. This study further supports the evidence that MLL breakpoints in therapy-related acute leukemia with MLL-AFF1 are clustered in the telomeric half of the breakpoint cluster region that contains topo II recognition sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khizer Hasan
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Laboratorio di Neuro-Oncoematologia, Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy
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Ottone T, Zaza S, Divona M, Hasan SK, Lavorgna S, Laterza S, Cicconi L, Panetta P, Di Giandomenico J, Cittadini M, Ciardi C, Montefusco E, Franchi A, Annino L, Venditti A, Amadori S, Lo-Coco F. Identification of emerging FLT3 ITD-positive clones during clinical remission and kinetics of disease relapse in acute myeloid leukaemia with mutated nucleophosmin. Br J Haematol 2013; 161:533-40. [PMID: 23480665 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.12288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2012] [Accepted: 01/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations are frequently detected at diagnosis in cytogenetically normal acute myeloid leukaemia (CN-AML) and predict unfavourable outcome. FLT3 ITD is an unstable aberration and may be lost or acquired at relapse. Recent whole genome sequencing studies have suggested that FLT3 ITD(+)ve AML relapse may evolve from small subclones undetectable at diagnosis by routine polymerase chain reaction (PCR). We developed a patient-specific real-time quantitative-PCR (RQ-PCR) to implement FLT3 ITD detection in six AML patients whose blasts carried wild-type FLT3 at diagnosis and who relapsed with FLT3 ITD by routine PCR. Patient-specific forward primers were designed after cloning and sequencing the FLT3 ITD in each case. The assay allowed retrospective detection of FLT3 ITD in diagnostic samples of 4/6 cases and to establish the kinetics of clonal evolution preceding relapse. After conventional chemotherapy, all patients had early relapse despite having been classified as NPM1(+)ve/FLT3 ITD(-)ve at presentation, with shorter remissions being observed in four patients re-classified as FLT3 ITD(+)ve by the new assay. Notably, FLT3 ITD clone became detectable by conventional PCR in three patients tested during remission after initial treatment. Our data underscore the need of identifying low FLT3 ITD levels, which are probably associated with relapse in otherwise good prognosis CN-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiziana Ottone
- Department of Biopathology, University of Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
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Hasan SK, Buttari F, Ottone T, Voso MT, Hohaus S, Marasco E, Mantovani V, Garagnani P, Sanz MA, Cicconi L, Bernardi G, Centonze D, Lo-Coco F. Risk of acute promyelocytic leukemia in multiple sclerosis: coding variants of DNA repair genes. Neurology 2011; 76:1059-65. [PMID: 21346221 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e318211c3c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in double-strand break repair genes may alter DNA repair capacity and, in turn, confer predisposition to leukemia. We analyzed polymorphic variants of DNA repair and detoxification genes in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) who developed secondary acute promyelocytic leukemia (sAPL), in most cases after treatment with mitoxantrone (MTZ). METHODS Using MassARRAY high-throughput DNA analysis with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we genotyped patients with sAPL (n=20) developed after treatment of MS (18 out 20 treated with MTZ) for the presence of 210 SNPs of 22 genes mostly involved in DNA repair and drug detoxification. Patients with MS who did not develop sAPL including 41 treated with MTZ (n=253 and 41, respectively) and healthy blood donors (n=310) were also genotyped as controls. RESULTS We observed risk allele frequency between MS and sAPL for BRCA2 (rs1801406): 6% and 26%, p=0.007; XRCC5 (rs207906): 2.5% and 15%, p=0.016; CYP3A4 (rs2740574): 4.5% and 25%, p=0.0035. The association of homozygous variants of BRCA2 and XRCC5 yielded higher risk of sAPL (MS vs sAPL: 0.4% and 18%, p=0.001). We also observed a significant association between a SNP in the promoter region (rs2740574) of CYP3A4, an enzyme involved in the metabolism of chemotherapeutic agents and development of sAPL. CONCLUSIONS Increased susceptibility to develop sAPL in patients with MS receiving MTZ may be linked to genetic variants in DNA repair and drug-metabolizing enzymes that result in impaired detoxification of chemotherapy or inefficient repair of drug-induced genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Hasan
- Department of Biopathology, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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Ammatuna E, Montesinos P, Hasan SK, Ramadan SM, Esteve J, Hubmann M, Pagoni M, Grimwade D, Sanz MA, Lo-Coco F. Presenting features and treatment outcome of acute promyelocytic leukemia arising after multiple sclerosis. Haematologica 2010; 96:621-5. [PMID: 21193421 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2010.036657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the clinical features and treatment outcome of 33 patients with multiple sclerosis who developed acute promyelocytic leukemia. Thirty patients were previously exposed to mitoxantrone. The median latency period between treatment initiation and acute promyelocytic leukemia diagnosis was 32 months. The PML-RARA bcr1 iso-form was identified in 87% of cases. Twenty-nine (90%) patients achieved hematologic remission after all-trans retinoic acid and chemotherapy (n = 31) or arsenic trioxide and all-trans retinoic acid. Consolidation included modified chemotherapy or arsenic trioxide. At a median follow up of 26 months, 23 patients are in complete remission, 4 relapsed and one developed secondary leukemia. The 5-year cumulative incidence of relapse and overall survival were 23% and 68%, respectively. Although treatment heterogeneity and suboptimal post-remission therapy must be taken into account, overall results and development of secondary leukemia in one patient suggest that effective and less toxic agents like arsenic trioxide warrants further investigation in this context.
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Hasan SK, Lo-Coco F. Utilization of molecular phenotypes to detect relapse and optimize the management of acute promyelocytic leukemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2010; 10 Suppl 3:S139-S143. [PMID: 21115433 DOI: 10.3816/clml.2010.s.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is characterized by a unique genetic aberration, the t(15;17) chromosome translocation. Translocation breakpoints are located within the promyelocytic leukemia (PML) locus on chromosome 15 and the retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) locus on chromosome 17. In the past 2 decades, critical advances have been made in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of APL. APL represents a paradigm for molecularly targeted therapy in cancer and an extraordinary model for translational research in medicine. In fact, the release of differentiation block upon treatment of APL with all-trans-retinoic acid (ATRA) has represented the first example of targeted therapy in human cancer. More recently, the advent of arsenic trioxide (ATO) has allowed further progress in the management of this disease through improved outcomes in patients receiving this agent in combination with ATRA. Finally, optimization of therapy and minimization of toxicity is feasible in this disease through careful monitoring of residual disease using polymerase chain reaction-based approaches targeting the PML-RARA fusion gene.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/genetics
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing/metabolism
- Arsenic Trioxide
- Arsenicals/metabolism
- Arsenicals/therapeutic use
- Humans
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/diagnosis
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute/metabolism
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Oxides/metabolism
- Oxides/therapeutic use
- Phenotype
- Prognosis
- Recurrence
- Translocation, Genetic/genetics
- Tretinoin/metabolism
- Tretinoin/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khizer Hasan
- Department of Biopathology, University Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, Rome, Italy
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22
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Hasan SK, Ottone T, Schlenk RF, Xiao Y, Wiemels JL, Mitra ME, Bernasconi P, Di Raimondo F, Stanghellini MTL, Marco P, Mays AN, Döhner H, Sanz MA, Amadori S, Grimwade D, Lo-Coco F. Analysis of t(15;17) chromosomal breakpoint sequences in therapy-related versus de novo acute promyelocytic leukemia: association of DNA breaks with specific DNA motifs at PML and RARA loci. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2010; 49:726-32. [PMID: 20544846 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We compared genomic breakpoints at the PML and RARA loci in 23 patients with therapy-related acute promyelocytic leukemia (t-APL) and 25 de novo APL cases.Eighteen of 23 t-APL cases received the topoisomerase II poison mitoxantrone for their primary disorder. DNA breaks were clustered in a previously reported 8 bp "hot spot" region of PML corresponding to a preferred site of mitoxantrone-induced DNA topoisomerase II-mediated cleavage in 39% of t-APL occurring in patients exposed to this agent and in none of the cases arising de novo (P = 0.007). As to RARA breakpoints, clustering in a 3' region of intron 2 (region B) was found in 65% of t-APL and 28% of de novo APL patients, respectively. Scan statistics revealed significant clustering of RARA breakpoints in region B in t-APL cases (P = 0.001) as compared to de novo APL (P = 1). Furthermore, approximately 300 bp downstream of RARA region B contained a sequence highly homologous to a topoisomerase II consensus sequence. Biased distribution of DNA breakpoints at both PML and RARA loci suggest the existence of different pathogenetic mechanisms in t-APL as compared with de novo APL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Khizer Hasan
- Department of Biopathology, University of 'Rome Tor Vergata', Rome, Italy.
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23
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Ottone T, Hasan SK, Montefusco E, Curzi P, Mays AN, Chessa L, Ferrari A, Conte E, Noguera NI, Lavorgna S, Ammatuna E, Divona M, Bovetti K, Amadori S, Grimwade D, Lo-Coco F. Identification of a potential “hotspot” DNA region in theRUNX1gene targeted by mitoxantrone in therapy-related acute myeloid leukemia with t(16;21) translocation. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2009; 48:213-21. [DOI: 10.1002/gcc.20633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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24
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Sazawal S, Kumar B, Hasan SK, Dutta P, Kumar R, Chaubey R, Mir R, Saxena R. Haematological & molecular profile of acute myelogenous leukaemia in India. Indian J Med Res 2009; 129:256-261. [PMID: 19491417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Recurrent balanced translocations are generally recognized to be a major parameter for prognostication in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The chromosomal translocation t(15;17) results in PML/RARalpha fusion gene, t(8;21) results in AML1/ETO fusion gene and Inv 16 generates CBFbeta/MYH11 fusion gene. Patients with these mutations have a good prognosis unlike abnormalities in chromosome 5 or 7 or FLT3 genes. Therefore, we screened the AmL patients for known specific genetic abnormalities that could lead to more definitive prognoses. METHODS A total of 113 AML patients were evaluated at diagnosis based on routine morphology and cytochemistry and classified according to the WHO criteria. The distribution of AML subtypes was M1(1), M2(32), M3(57), M4(14), M5(1), M6(1) and seven cases where morphological subtype could not be classified. RT-PCR was performed to identify PML/RARalpha, AML1/ETO, CBFbeta/MYH11 and FLT3 nternal tandem duplication (ITD). RESULTS Of the 57 patients with M3 subtype, 55 had the PML-RARalpha fusion transcript. The prevalence of bcr3 (short isoform) was higher (62%) than that of bcr1 (long isoform) (38%) and no correlation was found with age, sex or white blood cell count. FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutations were more frequent in patients with APL than in other AML subtypes (17.5 vs. 8.9%), the frequency greater in patients with bcr3 isoform (70%) than in those with in bcr1 isoform (30%). Patients with FLT3/ ITD mutations had a significantly higher median white cell count than those without these mutations (55 x 10(9)/l vs. 6.3 x 10(9)/l P<0.001). More patients with FLT3/ITD mutations died early (53%) than those without these mutations (16%) (P<0.01). AML1-ETO fusion transcript was detected in 16 of 56 patients with no correlation with clinical or haematological parameters. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION The results of the present study showed presence of bcr3 (short isoform) higher than bcr1 (long isoform). FLT3 internal tandem duplication (ITD) mutation was predominant in acute promyelocytic leukaemia patients with bcr3 isoform. Thus, patients with APL who have FLT3 mutation appear to have a poorer prognosis. Therefore, rapid identification of specific translocations at diagnosis is important for prognostic purposes and their detection should be incorporated into routine assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Sazawal
- Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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25
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Sazawal S, Hasan SK, Kumar B, Kumar R, Kumar L, Saxena R. Timing of allogeneic BMT for CML patients in India: does it affect response? Am J Hematol 2007; 82:329. [PMID: 16947319 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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26
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Hasan SK, Sazawal S, Kumar B, Chaubey R, Mishra P, Mir R, Chaudhry VP, Saxena R. Childhood CML in India: b2a2 transcript is more common than b3a2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 169:76-7. [PMID: 16875942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2006.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 01/31/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Sazawal S, Hasan SK, Dutta P, Kumar B, Kumar R, Kumar L, Choudhry VP, Saxena R. Over-representation of bcr3 subtype of PML/RARalpha fusion gene in APL in Indian patients. Ann Hematol 2005; 84:781-4. [PMID: 16132910 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-005-1095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2005] [Accepted: 07/20/2005] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Thirty six patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia were studied by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real-time PCR. There was concordance between the results achieved by both the methods except in one case, which was negative by RT-PCR but positive by real-time PCR. The prevalence of bcr3 (short isoform) was found to be significantly higher than that of bcr1 (long isoform) (64 vs. 36%, P=0.03). No correlation was found between age, sex, and white blood cell (WBC) count at diagnosis. Molecular remission was achieved in 66.6% of patients with bcr3 isoform. Median WBC count at presentation was found to be higher than that in the West.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudha Sazawal
- Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110 029, India
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28
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Joshi S, Husain MM, Chandra R, Hasan SK, Srivastava RC. Hydroxyl radical formation resulting from the interaction of nickel complexes of L-histidine, glutathione or L-cysteine and hydrogen peroxide. Hum Exp Toxicol 2005; 24:13-7. [PMID: 15727051 DOI: 10.1191/0960327105ht493oa] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
L-histidine, L-cysteine, reduced glutathione (GSH) and other bioligands, which are ubiquitously present in biological systems, are recognized as antioxidants. Studies have shown that nickel (II) complexed with these ligands catalyzes the disproportionation of H2O2, leading to the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH radical). However, none of the studies could provide information regarding effective concentrations at which these ligands act either as pro-oxidant or antioxidant. Therefore, the observed paradoxical behaviour of biological antioxidants in nickel-induced oxidative response was evaluated. Benzoic acid (BA) is hydroxylated by OH radical to form highly fluorescent dihydroxy benzoate (OH-BA). We used this model to study the effect of nickel complexes of L-histidine, GSH or L-cysteine on the hydroxylation of BA. The concentration-dependent effect of L-histidine, GSH and L-cysteine, or nickel on the hydroxylation of BA was studied. The hydroxylation of BA was significantly enhanced up to 1:0.5 molar ratio (Ni:hist or GSH). However, beyond 1:0.5 molar ratios, histidine/GSH inhibited the hydroxylation and complete inhibition was observed at 1:1 molar ratios. Sorbitol and caffeic acid, considered as scavengers of hydroxyl radicals, inhibited nickel-induced hydroxylation of BA. The present study demonstrates paradoxical behaviour of these bioligands. They act as pro-oxidant at lower ligand ratios and as antioxidant at higher ligand ratios. The redox properties of nickel complexes with histidine, GSH or cysteine reported here may be crucial for the toxicity of nickel.
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29
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Joshi S, Hasan SK, Chandra R, Husain MM, Srivastava RC. Scavenging action of zinc and green tea polyphenol on cisplatin and nickel induced nitric oxide generation and lipid peroxidation in rats. Biomed Environ Sci 2004; 17:402-409. [PMID: 15745244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Toxic metal ions have been implicated in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO). Metallothionines (MT) and plant flavonoids have been reported in the intervention against oxidative damage. We investigated the effect of zinc induced MT and green tea polyphenol (GTP) in reducing the oxidative responses induced by nickel and platinum. METHODS Zinc (10 mg/kg b. wt, sc) was administered to rats twice at a gap of 24 hrs and GTP (10 mg/100 mL in drinking water) was fed ad libitum for 8 days. Nickel chloride (150 umol/kgb.wt, ip) and cisplatin (50 mumol/kg b.wt, sc) was administered to rats 24 h after Zn or GTP pre-treatment. Animals of all the groups were sacrificed 16 hrs after treatment and biochemical markers for toxicity were monitored. RESULTS Zinc or GTP pre-treatment caused significant protection against nickel or cisplatin enhanced mortality in rats, and reduction in lipid peroxidation and NO. CONCLUSION It is proposed that inhibition of ROS and NO by GTP and zinc may prove useful as a selective pharmacological agent in the amelioration of metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Joshi
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, P O. Box. 80, M. G. Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
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30
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Target-controlled infusions of anaesthetic agents have become increasingly available. They can involve the use of propofol in combination with an opioid or a benzodiazepine. The effect site concentration of propofol infusions has been advocated as a method of estimating drug distribution. We investigated the influence of co-induction with remifentanil and midazolam on effect site propofol requirements at induction of anaesthesia using target-controlled infusions. METHODS Sixty-six consenting adult patients were randomly allocated to three treatment groups. Each group received induction of anaesthesia with a different total intravenous technique. One group was induced with target-controlled propofol alone; another received target-controlled propofol and target-controlled remifentanil (3 ng mL-1); and the last received midazolam (0.03 mg kg-1), target-controlled remifentanil (3 ng mL-1) and target-controlled propofol. Computer simulation was used to calculate effect site concentrations. We recorded propofol dose and effect site concentration at loss of verbal response. RESULTS The effect site concentration (Ce50) of propofol alone was 2.19 micrograms mL-1. This was reduced to 1.55 micrograms mL-1 during co-induction with remifentanil and further reduced to 0.64 microgram mL-1 with midazolam premedication (P < 0.001; ANOVA). CONCLUSIONS We conclude that co-induction with remifentanil alone or with midazolam can be used to reduce propofol doses at induction of anaesthesia using target-controlled infusions. We believe that using effect site concentration may prove a useful tool in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Conway
- Manchester Royal Infirmary, Department of Anaesthesia, Manchester, M13 9WL, UK.
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31
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Abstract
Trigonella foenum-graecum (Fenugreek) (Leguminosae) is employed as a herbal medicine. Its seeds are known for their carminative, tonic and antidiabetic effects. A curative dose of Trigonella foenum-graecum also produces antiulcer action. In this study we have investigated the hypoglycaemic activities of the aqueous extract of the seeds Trigonella foenum-graecum in normal mice using oral route of adminstration. The methanolic extract administered through the same route produced hypoglycaemic effect only at the dose of 1 g/kg body weight. The aqueous extract is under further investigation to determine the chemical structure of the active component. The presence of hypoglycaemic activity in aqueous and methanolic extract indicates that the active compounds are polar in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, 75270, Karachi, Pakistan
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33
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Srivastava RC, Husain MM, Hasan SK, Athar M. Green tea polyphenols and tannic acid act as potent inhibitors of phorbol ester-induced nitric oxide generation in rat hepatocytes independent of their antioxidant properties. Cancer Lett 2000; 153:1-5. [PMID: 10779623 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-3835(99)00400-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The deleterious effects of excessive release of nitric oxide (NO) have been implicated in the tissue damage and inflammation. In this study, the effect of various flavonoids and other oxidant scavenging chemical agents have been studied for their ability to inhibit 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA)-induced NO generation in rat hepatocyte. Hepatocytes activated with TPA (25-200 nM) released NO in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Green tea polyphenols (GTP) and tannic acid (TA) were most effective in inhibiting TPA-induced NO generation (90%). These agents were also effective in inhibiting NO formation when added 2 h following TPA addition. The other oxidant scavengers, such as L-histidine, sodium azide, vitamin E and sodium benzoate, were not found to be effective even up to 1.0 mM concentration. These results suggest that TA and GTP are potent inhibitors of NOS activity and the inhibition of TPA-induced NO generation by these polyphenols is independent of their antioxidant activity. It is tempting to speculate that these agents could be utilized in the pharmacological manipulations of NO-dependent pathophysiological responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Srivastava
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, P.O. Box 80, M.G. Marg, Lucknow, India
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34
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Lúdvíksson BR, Strober W, Nishikomori R, Hasan SK, Ehrhardt RO. Administration of mAb against alpha E beta 7 prevents and ameliorates immunization-induced colitis in IL-2-/- mice. J Immunol 1999; 162:4975-82. [PMID: 10202045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP)-OVA immunization leads to a transmural colitis in the IL-2-/- mouse that is caused by IL-12-driven CD4+ Th1 T cells and resembles human Crohn's disease. The integrin alpha E beta 7 is highly expressed on colonic intraepithelial lymphocytes and has been suggested to function as a homing or retention molecule for intraepithelial lymphocytes. To evaluate the role of alpha E beta 7 in colitis, we administered a mAb against alpha E beta 7 to IL-2-/- mice that were immunized at the same time with TNP-OVA in CFA. To our surprise, this treatment resulted in a significantly reduced colitis severity score, 0-2 vs 3-4, that was associated with a significant reduction in CD4+ lamina propria lymphocyte subpopulation (p < 0.01). In contrast, the total number of splenic CD4+ T cells of treated animals was significantly elevated compared with that of untreated animals (3.2 +/- 0.6 x 107 vs 1.2 +/- 0.2 x 107; p < 0.05). Similarly, functional studies revealed that IFN-gamma production by lamina propria lymphocytes isolated from IL-2-/- TNP-OVA-immunized mice treated with anti-alpha E beta 7 was significantly lower than in untreated IL-2-/- TNP-OVA-immunized mice. In contrast, IFN-gamma production by splenic cells isolated from treated IL-2-/- TNP-OVA-immunized mice was significantly higher than in untreated mice. Finally, TNP-OVA-immunized IL-2-/- mice that were treated after the colitis had been established also showed a significant decrease in mucosal inflammation after alpha E beta 7 mAb administration. Thus, the above findings demonstrate that the onset and maintenance of inflammatory bowel disease depends on the colonic localization of lamina propria CD4+ lymphocytes expressing alpha E beta 7.
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Affiliation(s)
- B R Lúdvíksson
- Mucosal Immunity Section, Laboratory of Clinical Investigation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
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35
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Srivastava RC, Farookh A, Ahmad N, Misra M, Hasan SK, Husain MM. Evidence for the involvement of nitric oxide in cisplatin-induced toxicity in rats. Biometals 1996; 9:139-42. [PMID: 8744896 DOI: 10.1007/bf00144618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin treatment of rats results into a significant increase in the activity of Ca(2+)-independent nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in kidneys and liver. Significant enhancement of lipid peroxidation in gastric mucosa, kidneys and liver was also observed. The administration of NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NOS, markedly reduced renal and gastrointestinal toxicity, and also decreased the content of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, and incidence of diarrhoea along with a significant inhibition in lipid peroxidation in the target organs. The present report, while demonstrating the beneficial effect of the blockade of NO pathways during cisplatin chemotherapy, may be helpful in developing strategies for combating some of the toxic side-effects of the drug.
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Srivastava RC, Gupta S, Ahmad N, Hasan SK, Farookh A, Husain MM. Comparative evaluation of chelating agents on the mobilization of cadmium: a mechanistic approach. J Toxicol Environ Health 1996; 47:173-82. [PMID: 8598573 DOI: 10.1080/009841096161870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A comparative evaluation of chelating agents, namely, diethyl dithiocarbamate (DDC), dimethyl dithiocarbamate (DMDC), 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (CYCLAM), 1,4,8,12-tetraazacyclopentadecane (TACPD), 2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA), and 2,3-dimercapto-1-propane sulfonate (DMPS) was conducted to assess their efficacy against acute cadmium (Cd) toxicity. DMSA and DMPS appeared to be most effective in reducing mortality as well as Cd burden of liver, kidneys, and brain in cadmium intoxicated mice. DMDC reduced Cd levels only in liver and kidneys, while DDC significantly enhanced its level in brain. CYCLAM and TACPD significantly increased the Cd level in liver and kidneys and were ineffective in brain. The therapeutic index as well as therapeutic efficacy was highest for DMSA followed by DMPS and DMDC. A fair degree of correlation was found to exist between (1) stability constant of Cd chelates and percent survival (r = .438, (2) stability constant and percent transport (r = .479), and (3) percent survival and percent transport (r =.447). However, the lipophilicity did not show any appreciable correlation with percent survival and stability constant of Cd chelates.
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Srivastava RC, Farookh A, Ahmad N, Misra M, Hasan SK, Husain MM. Reduction of cis-platinum induced nephrotoxicity by zinc histidine complex : the possible implication of nitric oxide. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1995; 36:855-862. [PMID: 8528148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a prominent member of the effective broad spectrum antitumor drugs. The clinical usage of cisplatin is, however, restricted due to some adverse side effects including renal toxicity. The present study demonstrates the protective effect of a Zinc-chelate of histidine, [Zn-Hist], against cisplatin induced nephrotoxicity and gastrointestinal toxicity as shown by decreases in BUN, creatinine and lower incidence of diarrhoea. The observed inhibition in cisplatin induced renal and hepatic lipid peroxidation by [Zn-Hist] pretreatment, suggests an importance for Zn in stabilisation of membrane integrity probably through the displacement of the redox-active metals that may be responsible for inducing peroxidative damage at target sites. The findings also suggest that cisplatin may play biochemical role in arginine-metabolism including nitric oxide (NO) production.
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38
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Srivastava RC, Husain MM, Srivastava SK, Hasan SK, Lal A. Effect of pre-exposure to cadmium and silver on nickel induced toxic manifestations in mice: possible role of ceruloplasmin and metallothionein. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 1995; 54:751-759. [PMID: 7780220 DOI: 10.1007/bf00206109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R C Srivastava
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Mahatma Gandhi Marg, Lucknow, India
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39
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Husain MM, Ahmad N, Gupta S, Behari JR, Hasan SK, Srivastava SK, Srivastava RC. Exacerbation of nickel induced oxidative response by vitamin E. Ind Health 1995; 33:143-152. [PMID: 8543477 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.33.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol), a well known naturally occurring chain breaking antioxidant and a free radical scavenger was found to exacerbate nickel (Ni) toxicity in mice. Vitamin E (Vit. E) mediated enhancement of nickel toxicity was demonstrated by (i) enhanced mortality in mice treated with Ni and Vit. E (ii) increased hepatic lipid peroxidation, (iii) increased rate of benzoate hydroxylation, and (iv) liposomal membrane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Husain
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Mahatma Gandhi Marg Lucknow, India
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40
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Srivastava RC, Hasan SK, Gupta J, Gupta S. Protective role of metallothionein in nickel induced oxidative damage. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1993; 30:261-70. [PMID: 8364408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have focussed on the role of thiol rich proteins especially metallothionein (MT) in the therapeutic interventions against oxidative damage. In our previous communication we showed that reactive oxygen species arising via Fenton's reactions are the proximal lipid oxidant during nickel-toxicity. The purpose of the present communication is to evaluate the role of zinc, cadmium or silver-metallothioneins on the protection against nickel-induced peroxidative damage. Our results demonstrate that Zn-MT provided maximum protection against nickel-induced mortality in mice and also served as an efficient antagonist in inhibiting nickel-mediated lipid peroxidation compared to Cd-MT or Ag-MT. Zn-MT also provided protection against iron (II)-ascorbate induced microsomal lipid peroxidation and reversed nickel-mediated inhibition of calcium sequenstration. We conclude that Zn-MT could serve as an excellent physiological antioxidant against nickel-mediated oxidative.
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Abstract
The effect of 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane (Cyclam), triethylenetetramine (TETA), reduced glutathione (GSH), ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), cyclohexanediamine tetraacetic acid (CDTA), diethylene triamine pentaacetic acid (DTPA), and hydroxyethylenediamine triacetic acid (HEDTA) on the alleviation of nickel-induced biochemical and trace-metal alterations in serum, liver, and kidney of nickel-treated rats was studied. The lipophilic chelating agents Cyclam and TETA exhibited a higher order of effectiveness in alleviating nickel-induced alterations compared to EDTA, CDTA, DTPA, and HEDTA, the hydrophilic chelating agents. The higher efficacy of lipophilic agents may be due to their ability to bind to nickel present in extracellular fluid as well as in intracellular fluid, while the hydrophilic agents may bind only to nickel present in extracellular fluid. Our data also suggest that the efficacy of Cyclam to ameliorate nickel-induced alterations is exceptionally high.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Misra
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India
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Srivastava RC, Gupta BN, Athar M, Behari JR, Dwivedi RS, Hasan SK, Bharti RS, Singh A, Misra M, Ray PK. Effect of exposure to toxic gas on the population of Bhopal: Part III--Assessment of toxic manifestations in humans--haematological and biochemical studies. Indian J Exp Biol 1988; 26:165-72. [PMID: 3397119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Athar M, Hasan SK, Srivastava RC. Evidence for the involvement of hydroxyl radicals in nickel mediated enhancement of lipid peroxidation: implications for nickel carcinogenesis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1987; 147:1276-81. [PMID: 3663217 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(87)80208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The administration of nickel to rats resulted in enhanced hepatic lipid peroxidation, levels of glutathione and iron with a concomitant decrease in glutathione peroxidase activity. These effects were dose dependent. Enhanced lipid peroxidation was found to be inhibited by the exogenous addition of ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), benzoate and ethanol while catalase and superoxide dismutase were ineffective in this regard. Our data strongly suggest the involvement of hydroxyl radicals in the nickel mediated enhancement of lipid peroxidation which may have their implications in the carcinogenicity of nickel compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Athar
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India
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Athar M, Hasan SK, Srivastava RC. Role of glutathione metabolizing enzymes in nickel mediated induction of hepatic glutathione. Res Commun Chem Pathol Pharmacol 1987; 57:421-4. [PMID: 2890191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The administration of nickel to rats resulted in a dose-dependent increase in the level of hepatic glutathione and in the activities of glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase with a concomitant decrease in the activities of glutathione peroxidase and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase. The increase in hepatic glutathione may be due to the decrease in the activities of glutathione utilizing enzymes and increase in the activity of glutathione reductase leading to the increased turnover of glutathione.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Athar
- Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, India
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Abstract
The effect of single dose of NTA on the removal of radio-manganese in various organs and in plasma has been studied in rats which received single i.v. injection of 54Mn(II). The lowered value of radio-manganese in NTA treated rats as compared to control animal indicates that NTA binds rapidly and forms stable and diffusible complex resulting in the fast excretion of the injected 54Mn(II).
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Abstract
The distribution of 54Mn in various organs of pregnant rats and of their 19-day-old fetuses and in non-pregnant female rats of various ages has been studied 18 h after an i.v. injection of 54MnCl2. The results indicate that early neonates are more susceptible to manganese (Mn) than the growing rats. The localization of 54Mn in liver and brain of the embryo was highly significant.
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Abstract
The production of single strand cleavage in covalently-closed circular-DNA by the antitumour agent streptonigrin (reduced in situ by NADH) is demonstrated using the ethidium bromide fluorescence assay described previously. The degradation dependent on oxygen is completely inhibited by superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) suggesting the intermediacy of the superoxide radical anion in the degradation. However similar complete inhibition of DNA strand breakage by catalase (EC 1.11.1.6) indicates that the hydroxyl radical (formed by interaction of superoxide with hydrogen peroxide) is the primary reactive species. Cupric ion stimulates the cleavage reaction and cobaltous ion has no effect in keeping with model studies using quinolinequinones.
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