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Rehan M, Iqbal T, Khan M, Tariq M, Khokhar O, Ain Q, Waheed U. Burns During Covid-19 Pandemic: Demographics, Etiological and Clinical Trends in 2021 at the National Burn Care Centre in Islamabad, Pakistan. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2024; 37:28-34. [PMID: 38680832 PMCID: PMC11042046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The scarcity of data on burn-related injuries in Pakistan prompted this study. The study is specifically aimed at assessing the burn patients who were admitted to a national burn care center (BCC) in Pakistan. This single-center retrospective analysis was conducted for 12 months from January to December 2021. During this time period, 14,069 patients visited BCC with burn injuries of diverse natures while 613 of them were admitted. The patients' information was abstracted from the hospital database. This information included age, sex, diagnosis, burn depth/degree, time of arrival, circumstances of burn injury, TBSA (total burn surface area), complications, outcome, and management plan. This information was shifted to Microsoft Office Excel Worksheet 2015 and then coded into the IBM Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 24.0. Armonk, NY: IBM Corp. Of 14,069 patients, 613 were admitted to the burn care center, indicating an admission rate of 4.35%. Among these 613 patients, there was a high proportion of males (58.89%) and a mean age of 20.2±12.5 years. Most patients (40.4%) visited within the first hour after being burnt and flame burns were the most common (41.10%). Most patients were burnt due to accidents (97.7%). The mean length of hospital stay was 15.5 days. Flames were the main cause of burns among our cohort of patients. Most patients had a TBSA of >10% and generally had a second-degree burn, mostly in the pediatric population. An urgent appraisal of burn policies and related legislation is needed to halt the burn burden in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rehan
- Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, National Burn Care Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Nadeem A, Hussain S, Fareed A, Fahim M, Iqbal T, Ahmad Z, Saeedullah, Karim R, Akbar A. Genetic variations among the isolates of Bipolaris Maydis based on phenotypic and molecular markers. BRAZ J BIOL 2024. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.253147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Maydis leaf blight, caused by Bipolaris maydis, is an important disease of maize crop in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Pakistan. Fifteen isolates of the pathogen, collected across KP, were studied for variability based on phenotypic and molecular markers. Significant variability among the isolates was observed when assessed using phenotypic traits such as radial growth, spore concentration, fungicide sensitivity and virulence. The isolates were classified into six culture groups based on colour, texture and margins of the colony. Conidial morphology was also variable. These were either straight or slightly curved and light to dark brown in colour. Fungicide test showed significant variation in the degree of sensitivity against Carbendazim. Isolate Bm8 exhibited maximum radial growth on carbendazim spiked plates. Conversely, isolate Bm15 showed the lowest radial growth. Variations in virulence pattern of the isolates were evident when a susceptible maize variety Azam was inoculated with spores of B. maydis. Genetic variability amongst the isolates was also estimated by RAPD as well as sequencing of ITS region. The RAPD dendrogram grouped all the isolates into two major clusters. Average genetic distance ranged from 0.6% to 100%, indicating a diverse genetic gap among the isolates. Maximum genetic distance was found between isolates Bm9 and Bm10 as well as Bm2 and Bm8. Conversely, isolates Bm13 and Bm15 were at minimum genetic distance. Phylogenetic dendrogram based on sequencing of ITS region grouped all the isolates into a single major cluster. The clusters in both the dendrogram neither correlate to the geographical distribution nor to the morphological characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Nadeem
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - S. Hussain
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A. Fareed
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - M. Fahim
- dIslamia College University, Pakistan
| | - T. Iqbal
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Z. Ahmad
- Adaptive Research Program, Pakistan
| | - Saeedullah
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - R. Karim
- The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - A. Akbar
- National Agricultural Research Centre, Pakistan
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Rehan M, Iqbal T, Sarwar M, Khan M, Tariq M, Waheed U. Analysis of Factors Affecting Burns Mortality: A National Burn Centre Experience From Pakistan 2007-2021. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2023; 36:286-292. [PMID: 38680245 PMCID: PMC11041946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Burns are a public health concern burdening the healthcare delivery system across the globe. Mortality rates are significant outcome parameters after a burn injury. The objective of the current study was to analyze the characteristics of the patients admitted to our burn care center and identify the factors related to mortality in the burn patients. This was a cross-sectional single-center study involving a retrospective analysis of mortality rates in burn patients over a period of 15 years from July 2007 to December 2021. During the study period, 7,866 burn patients were admitted to the ICU of the burn care center. Patients who died [Group 1] were compared to the group of survivors (control cases [Group 2]) to ascertain the contributing factors that might forecast a high risk for mortality. The mortality rate was calculated as 23.16% (1,822/7,866). The majority of the patients (both groups) had a total body surface area (TBSA) of >50% (p 0.001). The average duration of stay at the burn care center was 15.5 days for the survivors' group (Group 2) while it was 11.4 days for the patients who died (Group 1) during the course of their treatment. About 23.16% of all admitted patients died mostly from flame burns, and sepsis was the commonest cause of death. Patients with risk factors should be classified as high risk for mortality at the time of ICU admission. It is necessary to initiate educational and awareness programs for sensitization related to the prevention of burn injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rehan
- Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, Burn Care Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Rehan M, Iqbal T, Sarwar M, Khan M, Tariq M, Ain Q, Waheed U. Pattern of Acute Adverse Transfusion Reactions in Patients With Burn Injuries: A Novel Initiative Towards Haemovigilance at the National Burn Centre of Pakistan. Ann Burns Fire Disasters 2023; 36:261-265. [PMID: 38680442 PMCID: PMC11042048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The transfusion of blood and blood components is a life-saving medical procedure, however, it is linked with adverse reactions to transfusions. Information about different types of adverse transfusion reactions (ATRs) will assist in their early identification and subsequent management, as well as in devising strategies to minimize the occurrence of adverse reactions related to blood component transfusion. The current study was therefore executed to analyze the pattern of ATRs in patients with burn injuries at a national burn center. This was a cross-sectional, prospective study involving an analysis of immediate ATRs from January 2020 to June 2021 (18 months). ATRs observed during the study period were documented and analyzed. During the study period, 2,220 units of blood and blood components were transfused to 1,075 burn patients (2.06 transfusions per patient). A total of 27 ATRs were recorded (1.21%). Allergic reactions were the commonest (55.55%) followed by febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reaction (37.03%). The mean volume of blood unit transfused, when the reactions were noted, was approximately 75 ml (range: 15-230 ml). The mean time at which transfusion reactions were noted was 17 min (range: 5-220 minutes). The ATRs were more common in patients with multiple transfusions compared to those receiving a single transfusion. The common adverse reactions were allergic and febrile non-haemolytic transfusion reactions. It is vital to report all transfusion reactions to the attached blood center and hospital transfusion committee (HTC) on standardized reporting forms. Continuous medical education through seminars and sensitization workshops will support consolidating haemovigilance systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Rehan
- Department of Burn and Reconstructive Surgery, National Burn Care Centre, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Javaid A, Hussain M, Aftab K, Malik MF, Umar M, Iqbal T. Isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with silkworm gut under antibiotic-treated larval feeding. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 84:e249664. [PMID: 34787236 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.249664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of antibiotics on growth, cocoon production was assessed in addition to isolation and characterization of bacteria associated with silkworm gut of infected larvae. Larval rearing was maintained at recommended conditions of temperature and humidity. Silkworm larvae showing abnormal symptoms were collected from the control group and dissected for gut collection. Bacteria were isolated from the gut content by spreading on agar plates and incubated at 37 °C for 48 hrs. Bacterial identification and phylogenetic analysis were carried out by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolated bacteria were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility test (disc diffusion methods) by using Penicillin (10 µg/mL), Tetracycline (30 µg/mL), Amoxicillin (25 µg/mL), Ampicillin (10 µg/mL), and Erythromycin (15 µg/mL). All isolated strains showed positive results for the catalase test. We isolated and identified bacterial strains (n = 06) from the gut of healthy and diseased silkworm larvae. Based on the 16S rRNA gene sequence, isolated bacteria showed close relation with Serratia, Bacillus, and Pseudomonas spp. Notably, 83.3% of strains were resistant to Penicillin, Tetracycline, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, and Erythromycin but 16.6% showed antibiotic susceptibility to the above-mentioned commonly used antibiotics. Silkworm larvae fed on penicillin-treated leaves showed significant improvement in larval weight, larval length, and cocoon production. Significantly higher larval weight (6.88g), larval length (5.84cm), and cocoon weight (1.33g) were recorded for larvae fed on leaves treated with penicillin as compared to other antibiotics. Isolated bacterial strains showed close relation with Serratia spp., Bacillus spp. and Pseudomonas spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Javaid
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Hussain
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - K Aftab
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M F Malik
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - M Umar
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - T Iqbal
- University of Gujrat, Department of Zoology, Punjab, Pakistan
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Iqbal T, Jahan S, Ain QU, Ullah H, Li C, Chen L, Zhou X. Ameliorative effects of morel mushroom (Morchella esculenta) against Cadmium-induced reproductive toxicity in adult male rats. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 82:e250865. [PMID: 34378681 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.250865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the major toxicants, which affects human health through occupational and environmental exposure. In the current study, we evaluated the protective effects of morel mushrooms against Cd-induced reproductive damages in rats. For this purpose, 30 male rats were divided into 6 groups (n=5/group), the first group served as the control group, second group was treated with an intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of 1 mg/kg/day of Cd. Third and fourth groups were co-treated with 1 mg/kg/day of Cd (i.p) and 10 and 20 mg/kg/day of morel mushroom extract (orally) respectively. The final 2 groups received oral gavage of 10 and 20 mg/kg/day of morel mushroom extract alone. After treatment for 17 days, the animals were euthanized, and testes and epididymis were dissected out. One testis and epididymis of each animal were processed for histology, while the other testis and epididymis were used for daily sperm production (DSP) and comet assay. Our results showed that Cd and morel mushrooms have no effect on animal weight, but Cd significantly decreases the DSP count and damages the heritable DNA which is reversed in co-treatment groups. Similarly, the histopathological results of testes and epididymis show that morel mushrooms control the damage to these tissues. Whereas the morel mushroom extract alone could enhance the production of testosterone. These results conclude that morel mushrooms not only control the damage done by Cd, but it could also be used as a protection mechanism for heritable DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iqbal
- Jilin University, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Changchun, China.,Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Animal Sciences, Reproductive Physiology Lab, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - S Jahan
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Animal Sciences, Reproductive Physiology Lab, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Q Ul Ain
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Animal Sciences, Reproductive Physiology Lab, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - H Ullah
- Quaid-i-Azam University, Department of Animal Sciences, Reproductive Physiology Lab, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - C Li
- Jilin University, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Changchun, China
| | - L Chen
- Jilin University, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Changchun, China
| | - X Zhou
- Jilin University, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Lab of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Changchun, China
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Raza A, Asghar MA, Hussain S, Bin C, Shafiq I, Ahmad I, Ghafoor A, Karim H, Iqbal T, Yang W, Weiguo L. Optimal NH 4 + /NO 3 - ratios enhance the shade tolerance of soybean seedlings under low light conditions. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2021; 23:464-472. [PMID: 33215799 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the maize-soybean intercropping system, shade is the major chronic restraint that affects normal growth of soybean. Different spatial patterns of this system affect the microclimate of soybean through shading from maize plants. However, the negative impacts of shading stress can be mitigated by providing optimal ratios of different fertilizers. Therefore, to test this hypothesis, soybean plants were grown under different light conditions (normal light or shade) to evaluate the response to varying NH4 + /NO3 - ratios. Seeds of soybean (Glycine max L. cv. Nan-99-6) were grown in nutrient solution with a total concentration of 5 mM N using different NH4 + /NO3 - ratios (T0 = 0:0, T1 = 0:100, T2 = 25:75, T3 = 50:50 and T4 = 75:25) for 40 days in a greenhouse at PPFD 320.95 μmol m-2 s-1 (low light) or 967.53 μmol m-2 s-1 (normal light). Under low light, growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings significantly decreased as compared to normal light conditions. However, the optimal ratios of NH4 + / NO3 - improved growth and photosynthesis of soybean seedlings under both light conditions. Our results indicated that soybean seedlings supplied with optimal NH4 + /NO3 - ratios (25:75 and 50:50) have maximum biomass yield, chlorophyll pigments, leaf gas exchange, photochemical activity and root growth as compared to low and high NH4 + /NO3 - ratios (T1 and T4 ). High ratios of NH4 + /NO3 - (T4 ) resulted in reduced plant growth due to nutrient accumulation in plant tissues; therefore, we suggest that optimal ratios of NH4 + /NO3 - (T2 and T3 ) can enhance the shade tolerance of soybean seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Raza
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - M A Asghar
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhou, 610000, China
| | - S Hussain
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - C Bin
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - I Shafiq
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - I Ahmad
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - A Ghafoor
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - H Karim
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - T Iqbal
- Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture P.R. China, Wenjiang, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - W Yang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - L Weiguo
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Institute of Ecological Agriculture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
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Siau K, Chapman W, Sharma N, Tripathi D, Iqbal T, Bhala N. Management of acute upper gastrointestinal bleeding: an update for the general physician. J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2019; 47:218-230. [PMID: 29465096 DOI: 10.4997/jrcpe.2017.303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute upper gastrointestinal bleed (AUGIB) is one of the most common medical emergencies in the UK, with roughly one presentation every 6 min. Despite advances in therapeutics and endoscopy provision, mortality following AUGIB over the last two decades has remained high, with over 9,000 deaths annually in the UK; consequently, several national bodies have published UK-relevant guidelines. Despite this, the 2015 UK National Confidential Enquiry into Patient Outcome and Death in AUGIB highlighted variations in practice, raised concerns regarding suboptimal patient care and released a series of recommendations. This review paper incorporates the latest available evidence and UK-relevant guidelines to summarise the optimal pre-endoscopic, endoscopic, and post-endoscopic approach to and management of non-variceal and variceal AUGIB that will be of practical value to both general physicians and gastroenterologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Siau
- N Bhala, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
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Biggs M, Iqbal T, Holden E, Clewer V, Garvey M. Effect of using fidaxomicin on recurrent Clostridium difficile infection. J Hosp Infect 2019; 102:165-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2018.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Keeler BD, Dickson EA, Simpson JA, Ng O, Padmanabhan H, Brookes MJ, Acheson AG, Banerjea A, Walter C, Maxwell‐Armstrong C, Williams J, Scholefield J, Robinson M, Vitish‐Sharma P, Bhandal N, Gornall C, Petsas A, Ward K, Pyke S, Johnson P, Cripps H, Williams G, Green M, Rankin J, Pinkney T, Iqbal T, Ward D, Tselepis C, Narewal M, Futaba K, Ghods‐Ghorbani M, Lund J, Theophilidou E, Peacock O, Longman R, Francis N, Spurdle K, Miskovic D, Moriarty C. The impact of pre‐operative intravenous iron on quality of life after colorectal cancer surgery: outcomes from the intravenous iron in colorectal cancer‐associated anaemia (IVICA) trial. Anaesthesia 2019; 74:714-725. [DOI: 10.1111/anae.14659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. D. Keeler
- Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust Eaglestone UK
| | - E. A. Dickson
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham UK
| | - J. A. Simpson
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK
| | - O. Ng
- NIHR Biomedical Research Unit in Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust and the University of Nottingham UK
| | - H. Padmanabhan
- New Cross Hospital Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust Wolverhampton UK
| | - M. J. Brookes
- New Cross Hospital Royal Wolverhampton NHS Trust Wolverhampton UK
- University of Wolverhampton UK
| | - A. G. Acheson
- Department of Colorectal Surgery Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust Nottingham UK
- University of Nottingham UK
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Trivedi PJ, Reece J, Laing RW, Slaney E, Cooney R, Gunson BK, Kamarajah SK, Pinkney T, Thompson F, Muiesan P, Schlegel A, Hirschfield GM, Iqbal T, Ferguson J. The impact of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis on graft survival following liver transplantation for primary sclerosing cholangitis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2018; 48:322-332. [PMID: 29882252 DOI: 10.1111/apt.14828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver transplantation is the only life-extending intervention for primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). Given the co-existence with colitis, patients may also require colectomy; a factor potentially conferring improved post-transplant outcomes. AIM To determine the impact of restorative surgery via ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) vs retaining an end ileostomy on liver-related outcomes post-transplantation. METHODS Graft survival was evaluated across a prospectively accrued transplant database, stratified according to colectomy status and type. RESULTS Between 1990 and 2016, 240 individuals with PSC/colitis underwent transplantation (cumulative 1870 patient-years until first graft loss or last follow-up date), of whom 75 also required colectomy. A heightened incidence of graft loss was observed for the IPAA group vs those retaining an end ileostomy (2.8 vs 0.4 per 100 patient-years, log-rank P = 0.005), whereas rates between IPAA vs no colectomy groups were not significantly different (2.8 vs 1.7, P = 0.1). In addition, the ileostomy group experienced significantly lower graft loss rates vs. patients retaining an intact colon (P = 0.044). The risks conferred by IPAA persisted when taking into account timing of colectomy as related to liver transplantation via time-dependent Cox regression analysis. Hepatic artery thrombosis and biliary strictures were the principal aetiologies of graft loss overall. Incidence rates for both were not significantly different between IPAA and no colectomy groups (P = 0.092 and P = 0.358); however, end ileostomy appeared protective (P = 0.007 and 0.031, respectively). CONCLUSION In PSC, liver transplantation, colectomy + IPAA is associated with similar incidence rates of hepatic artery thrombosis, recurrent biliary strictures and re-transplantation compared with no colectomy. Colectomy + end ileostomy confers more favourable graft outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Trivedi
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Rare Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Reece
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - R W Laing
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - E Slaney
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - R Cooney
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - B K Gunson
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - S K Kamarajah
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Pinkney
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - F Thompson
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Rare Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Muiesan
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - A Schlegel
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Swiss HPB and Transplantation Center, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G M Hirschfield
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Birmingham Biomedical Research Centre (BRC), Institute of Immunology and Immunotherapy, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.,Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Rare Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - T Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK
| | - J Ferguson
- Liver Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.,Centre for Rare Diseases, Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Bhala N, Cooney R, Critchlow T, Ghosh S, Glynn P, Iacucci M, Iqbal T, Pathmakanthan S, Sharma N, Shivaji U. 4.10-P14A 10-year review of abdominal tuberculosis in a single multi-ethnic secondary care population in the UK. Eur J Public Health 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/cky048.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N Bhala
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - R Cooney
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - T Critchlow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Ghosh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - P Glynn
- Respiratory Medicine, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - M Iacucci
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - T Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - S Pathmakanthan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - N Sharma
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Division of Gastroenterology, Heartlands Hospital, United Kingdom
| | - U Shivaji
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Quraishi MN, Critchlow T, Bhala N, Sharma N, Iqbal T. Faecal transplantation for IBD management-pitfalls and promises. Br Med Bull 2017; 124:181-190. [PMID: 29140453 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldx040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Faecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a potential treatment for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an area of active current research, having been stimulated by the remarkable efficacy of FMT in treatment of Clostridium difficile-associated colitis. SOURCES OF DATA This review is based on data from numerous case series on FMT in IBD since 1989 and results of four RCTs in ulcerative colitis (UC); three fully published. AREAS OF AGREEMENT Early signals of short to medium-term efficacy of FMT for UC are promising. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY Methodology, underlying mechanisms and questions regarding safety of FMT remain controversial. GROWING POINTS Many trials of FMT in adults and children are currently recruiting. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH Future trials of FMT will likely revisit Crohn's disease and patients undergoing pouch surgery. Advances in microbial culture complementing genetic sequencing and investigations into the virome and mycobiome in IBD will be of great future interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Quraishi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - T Critchlow
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - N Bhala
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - N Sharma
- Department of Gastroenterology, Heart of England NHS Foundation Trust, Bordesley Green East, Birmingham B9 5SS, UK
| | - T Iqbal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
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Tahir MB, Nabi G, Hassan A, Iqbal T, Kiran H, Majid A. Morphology Tailored Synthesis of C-WO3 nanostructures and its Photocatalytic Application. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-017-0720-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Tahir IM, Iqbal T, Jamil A, Saqib M. Association of BCL-2 with oxidative stress and total antioxidant status in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2017; 31:1023-1027. [PMID: 29254309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
B-Cell Lymphoma protein-2 (BCL-2) is one of the most studied proteins with substantial regulatory potential for both apoptosis and autophagy. BCL-2 confer chemoresistance through influencing cancer pathophysiology. Serum level of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) predicts increased anaerobic glycolysis and is associated with metabolic modulation in cancer cells. In the present research, the interplay of BCL-2, total oxidative status (TOS) and LDH was investigated in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The studied parameters, BCL-2 protein (p less than 0.001), TOS (p less than 0.001) and LDH (p less than 0.001) were significantly elevated in the ALL group compared to the normal group (N-group). However, the total antioxidant status (TAS) was reduced significantly (p less than 0.01) in ALL patients. In the ALL group, the TOS had significant negative correlation with TAS (p less than 0.01). Furthermore, non-significant positive correlations were found between BCL-2 and LDH, BCL-2 and TAS and LDH and TAS (each with; p>0.05). However, a negative non-significant correlation was observed between BCL-2 and TOS and LDH and TOS (each with; p>0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Tahir
- Pharmaceutical Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - T Iqbal
- Pharmaceutical Research Lab, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - A Jamil
- Molecular Biochemistry Lab, Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan
| | - M Saqib
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-Pakistan
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Nepogodiev D, Howard R, Pathmakanthan S, Iqbal T, Singh B, Oo Y, Mathers J, McMullan C, Sahamai S, Gath J, Magill L, Handley K, Deeks J, Bemelman W, Morton D, Pinkney T. The ACCURE-UK trial: The effect of appendectomy on the clinical course of ulcerative colitis – A feasibility study. Int J Surg 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2016.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Tahir IM, Iqbal T, Saleem S, Mehboob H, Akhter N, Riaz M. Effect of acetaminophen on sulfamethazine acetylation in male volunteers. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2015; 29:17-22. [PMID: 26519524 DOI: 10.1177/0394632015593238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The effect of acetaminophen on sulfamethazine N-acetylation by human N-acetyltrasferase-2 (NAT2) was studied in 19 (n=19) healthy male volunteers in two different phases. In the first phase of the study the volunteers were given an oral dose of sulfamethazine 500 mg alone and blood and urine samples were collected. After the 10-day washout period the same selected volunteers were again administered sulfamethazine 500 mg along with 1000 mg acetaminophen. The acetylation of sulfamethazine by human NAT2 in both phases with and without acetaminophen was determined by HPLC to establish their respective phenotypes. In conclusion obtained statistics of present study revealed that acetaminophen significantly (P<0.0001) decreased sulfamethazine acetylation in plasma of both slow and fast acetylator male volunteers. A highly significant (P<0.0001) decrease in plasma-free and total sulfamethazine concentration was also observed when acetaminophen was co-administered. Urine acetylation status in both phases of the study was found not to be in complete concordance with that of plasma. Acetaminophen significantly (P<0.0001) increased the acetyl, free and total sulfamethazine concentration in urine of both slow and fast acetylators. Urine acetylation analysis has not been found to be a suitable approach for phenotypic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- I M Tahir
- College of Allied Health Professionals, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - T Iqbal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - S Saleem
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - H Mehboob
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - N Akhter
- College of Allied Health Professionals, Directorate of Medical Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - M Riaz
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Keeler BD, Simpson JA, Ng S, Tselepis C, Iqbal T, Brookes MJ, Acheson AG. The feasibility and clinical efficacy of intravenous iron administration for preoperative anaemia in patients with colorectal cancer. Colorectal Dis 2014; 16:794-800. [PMID: 24916374 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study aimed to analyse the feasibility and efficacy of administration of a single intravenous iron infusion (IVI) in the preoperative optimization of colorectal cancer patients with anaemia. METHOD Twenty patients were recruited at least 14 days before the planned date of surgery. A single 1000 mg dose of ferric carboxymaltose (Ferinject) was administered as an outpatient procedure. Blood samples were taken at recruitment prior to drug administration (REC), on the day of surgery prior to any intervention (DOS) and on the first postoperative day. Allogeneic red blood cell transfusions (ARBT) and outcomes were recorded from recruitment throughout the study period. RESULTS There was a significant median rise in haemoglobin levels (Hb) from REC to DOS of 1.8 g/dl [interquartile range (IQR) 0.75-2.45, P < 0.001] for the entire cohort. Two patients received ARBT preoperatively, and for those not transfused preoperatively (n = 18), this incremental Hb rise remained significant (P < 0.001, median 1.65 g/dl, IQR 0.5-2.3). Of these patients, those who responded to IVI had higher erythropoietin (EPO) levels at recruitment (P < 0.01) and lower recruitment Hb values, transferrin-saturation (TSAT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels (P < 0.05). REC Hb (Rs = -0.62, P < 0.01), REC TSAT levels (Rs = -0.67, P < 0.01) and REC EPO (Rs = 0.69, P < 0.01) correlated with the magnitude of treatment change in Hb levels. Five patients received ARBT until the fourth postoperative day, which was significantly fewer than predicted (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION IVI can be administered preoperatively in the outpatient clinic to colorectal cancer patients with anaemia, with associated reduction in ARBT use and increase in Hb levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- B D Keeler
- Division of GI Surgery, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK; Department of Colorectal Surgery, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
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Iqbal T, Briscoe BJ, Yasin S, Luckham PF. Nanosurface Mechanical Properties of Polymers Based on Continuous Stiffness Indentation. J MACROMOL SCI B 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2014.943629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ford SJ, Bedford MR, Pang W, Wood A, Iqbal T, Tselepis C, Tucker O. A comparative study of the iron status of patients with oesophageal adenocarcinoma to determine suitability for a clinical trial of iron chelation therapy. Ann R Coll Surg Engl 2014; 96:275-8. [PMID: 24780018 DOI: 10.1308/003588414x13946184900282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is rising dramatically and overall survival remains extremely poor. Iron has been shown to potentiate tumourigenesis in OAC, and iron chelation therapy demonstrates promise in vivo as an adjunct to neoadjuvant and palliative chemotherapy. OAC, however, has traditionally been associated with iron deficiency anaemia. The aim of this study was therefore to formally quantify the iron status of OAC patients in order to guide the design of future clinical trials involving iron chelation therapy. METHODS Demographic and cancer specific data were collected prospectively from all patients presenting with OAC and gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC). Patients had haemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin and serum transferrin receptor (sTfR) levels measured to assess systemic iron status. In addition, the sTfR/log ferritin (sTfR-F) index was calculated. RESULTS Average haemoglobin, serum iron, serum ferritin, sTfR and sTfR-F index values for all patients presenting with OAC were within normal sex specific reference ranges. No statistical difference in iron status was observed between OAC patients presenting with resectable and advanced OAC. Patients with OAC are relatively iron replete compared with those presenting with GAC. Iron parameters were not significantly altered by standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Patients presenting with resectable or advanced OAC could be considered as candidates for a clinical trial of iron chelation therapy as an addition to standard neoadjuvant or palliative treatments.
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Yasin S, Luckham PF, Iqbal T, Feroz N. Interaction Forces Between Graphitic Carbon Black Surfaces Coated with Polymers Using Atomic Force Microscopy. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2012.695964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ward ST, Li KK, Trivedi PJ, Hejmadi RK, Suggett N, Iqbal T, Ismail T. Patients newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis receive earlier treatment in surgical clinics. Colorectal Dis 2013; 15:836-41. [PMID: 23691950 DOI: 10.1111/codi.12142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Accepted: 10/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM The diagnosis and treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC) is traditionally the realm of gastroenterologists. However, the symptoms of UC overlap with those of bowel cancer and patients may be initially referred to colorectal surgery clinics. The aims of this study were to define which specialty most frequently diagnoses UC and to determine if there were differences in management between the two specialities. METHOD The demographics, presenting symptoms and clinical management of patients with newly diagnosed UC were determined and compared by speciality clinic of initial referral. Histopathology reports and clinic letters were reviewed to identify patients newly diagnosed with UC at a large university teaching hospital from January 2007 to January 2012. RESULTS Patients were more commonly referred to colorectal surgeons (74 vs 41 patients) than gastroenterologists. Patients referred to gastroenterology were younger (36.0 vs 59.6 years, P < 0.01) but there were no significant differences in gender, presenting symptoms or disease extent. Rigid sigmoidoscopy ± biopsy was more commonly performed in colorectal clinic (93.2 vs 31.7%, P < 0.01). There was a significantly shorter delay in starting disease-specific treatment for those patients referred initially to colorectal surgery (13.8 vs 33.6 days, P = 0.01). Performing rigid sigmoidoscopy in clinic was associated with starting disease-specific treatment at this visit. CONCLUSION Patients with first presentation UC are more commonly seen in colorectal surgery clinics where rigid sigmoidoscopy is more frequently undertaken, allowing earlier commencement of UC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Ward
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
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Yasin S, Luckham PF, Iqbal T, Zafar M, Ramzan N. Adsorption and Rheology of Graphitic Carbon Black Nonaqueous Dispersions Prepared Using Nonionic Surfactants. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2012.683978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Salem KA, Qureshi MA, Sydorenko V, Parekh K, Jayaprakash P, Iqbal T, Singh J, Oz M, Adrian TE, Howarth FC. Effects of exercise training on excitation-contraction coupling and related mRNA expression in hearts of Goto-Kakizaki type 2 diabetic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2013; 380:83-96. [PMID: 23620341 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1662-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Although, several novel forms of intervention aiming at newly identified therapeutic targets are currently being developed for diabetes mellitus (DM), it is well established that physical exercise continues to be one of the most valuable forms of non-pharmacological therapy. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of exercise training on excitation-contraction coupling and related gene expression in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) type 2 diabetic rat heart and whether exercise is able to reverse diabetes-induced changes in excitation-contraction coupling and gene expression. Experiments were performed in GK and control rats aged 10-11 months following 2-3 months of treadmill exercise training. Shortening, [Ca(2+)]i and L-type Ca(2+) current were measured in ventricular myocytes with video edge detection, fluorescence photometry and whole cell patch clamp techniques, respectively. Expression of mRNA was assessed in ventricular muscle with real-time RT-PCR. Amplitude of shortening, Ca(2+) transients and L-type Ca(2+) current were not significantly altered in ventricular myocytes from GK sedentary compared to control sedentary rats or by exercise training. Expression of mRNA encoding Tpm2, Gja4, Atp1b1, Cacna1g, Cacnb2, Hcn2, Kcna3 and Kcne1 were up-regulated and Gja1, Kcnj2 and Kcnk3 were down-regulated in hearts of sedentary GK rats compared to sedentary controls. Gja1, Cav3 and Kcnk3 were up-regulated and Hcn2 was down-regulated in hearts of exercise trained GK compared to sedentary GK controls. Ventricular myocyte shortening and Ca(2+) transport were generally well preserved despite alterations in the profile of expression of mRNA encoding a variety of cardiac muscle proteins in the adult exercise trained GK diabetic rat heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- K A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, UAE
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Yasin S, Luckham PF, Iqbal T, Zafar M. Scaling in Electrical Conductivity Measurements and Rheological Measurements of Monarch 700 Dispersions Stabilized by Polymers. J DISPER SCI TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/01932691.2011.635525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Gracias NG, Cummins TR, Kelley MR, Basile DP, Iqbal T, Vasko MR. Vasodilatation in the rat dorsal hindpaw induced by activation of sensory neurons is reduced by paclitaxel. Neurotoxicology 2010; 32:140-9. [PMID: 20932997 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2010.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2010] [Revised: 09/28/2010] [Accepted: 09/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathy is a major side effect following treatment with the cancer chemotherapeutic drug paclitaxel. Whether paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy is secondary to altered function of small diameter sensory neurons remains controversial. To ascertain whether the function of the small diameter sensory neurons was altered following systemic administration of paclitaxel, we injected male Sprague Dawley rats with 1mg/kg paclitaxel every other day for a total of four doses and examined vasodilatation in the hindpaw at day 14 as an indirect measure of calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) release. In paclitaxel-treated rats, the vasodilatation induced by either intradermal injection of capsaicin into the hindpaw or electrical stimulation of the sciatic nerve was significantly attenuated in comparison to vehicle-injected animals. Paclitaxel treatment, however, did not affect direct vasodilatation induced by intradermal injection of methacholine or CGRP, demonstrating that the blood vessels' ability to dilate was intact. Paclitaxel treatment did not alter the compound action potentials or conduction velocity of C-fibers. The stimulated release of CGRP from the central terminals in the spinal cord was not altered in paclitaxel-injected animals. These results suggest that paclitaxel affects the peripheral endings of sensory neurons to alter transmitter release, and this may contribute to the symptoms seen in neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N G Gracias
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Dr., A401, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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Simpson JAD, Tselepis C, Iqbal T, Acheson AG, Brookes MJ. Letter 2: Randomized clinical trial of preoperative intravenous iron sucrose to reduce blood transfusion in anaemic patients after colorectal cancer surgery (Br J Surg 2009; 96: 1122-1128). Br J Surg 2010; 97:298-9; author reply 299. [PMID: 20069594 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.6981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abid N, Islam OU, Bosan A, Iqbal T, Darwish A, Bile KM. Pakistan's fight against poliomyelitis: introducing innovative strategies to address challenges and attain the goal of eradication. East Mediterr Health J 2010; 16 Suppl:S5-S14. [PMID: 21495583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Pakistan, with Nigeria, India and Afghanistan, is one of the four remaining polio endemic countries in the world. Since the start of polio eradication initiative in 1994, the country has succeeded in reducing the number of polio cases from an estimated 20,000 annually to 89 in 2009. Furthermore, persistent transmission is largely localized to three transmission zones in which ten of the fifteen highest risk areas are situated. Insecurity, operational issues, governance lapses, low routineimmunization coverage, inadequate trickle-down of the political commitment existing at the national level to sub-national level and extensive population movement are the main barriers to the process. A robust strategic plan was developed for 2010-2012 encompassing district-specific plans and focused strategy on securitycompromised areas, performance-based payment, independent monitoring, attention to migratory populations, social mobilization, and strategic cooperation with Afghanistan. This will provide Pakistan a strong and imminent opportunity to interrupt polio virus circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Abid
- World Health Organization Country Office, Islamabad, Pakistan.
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Iqbal T, Karovitch A, Veinot J, Saginur R, Beauchesne L. Whipple's disease with constrictive pericarditis: a rare disease with a rare presentation. Can J Cardiol 2009; 25:e89-91. [PMID: 19279994 DOI: 10.1016/s0828-282x(09)70051-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Whipple's disease is a multisystem disease that can affect the heart with predominantly endocardial and pericardial involvement and, less often, myocardial inflammation. Previously diagnosed at autopsy, cardiac involvement in Whipple's disease is being recognized clinically more often. A 58-year-old man with Whipple's-related constrictive pericarditis, arthralgias and lymphadenopathy is described. He underwent antibiotic treatment and pericardiectomy with improvement in his clinical state.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Iqbal
- Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Canada.
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Iqbal T, Rodrigues F, Mahajan P, Kerry J, Gil L, Manso M, Cunha L. Effect of Minimal Processing Conditions on Respiration Rate of Carrots. J Food Sci 2008; 73:E396-402. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2008.00923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Labonte L, Iqbal T, Zaidi M, McDiarmid S, Huebsch L, Tay J, Allan D. 18: Utility of Co-Morbidity Assessment in Predicting Transplant-Related Toxicity Following Autologous Hematopoietic Transplantation for Multiple Myeloma. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Abstract
There is an emerging body of evidence implicating iron in carcinogenesis and in particular colorectal cancer, but whether this involves Wnt signalling, a major oncogenic signalling pathway has not been studied. We aimed to determine the effect of iron loading on Wnt signalling using mutant APC (Caco-2 and SW480) and wild-type APC (HEK-293 and human primary fibroblasts) containing cell lines. Elevating cellular iron levels in Caco-2 and SW480 cells caused increased Wnt signalling as indicated by increased TOPFLASH reporter activity, increased mRNA expression of two known targets, c-myc and Nkd1, and increased cellular proliferation. In contrast wild-type APC and beta-catenin-containing lines, HEK 293 and human primary fibroblasts were not responsive to iron loading. This was verified in SW480 cells that no longer induced iron-mediated Wnt signalling when transfected with wild-type APC. The cell line LS174T, wild type for APC but mutant for beta-catenin, was also responsive suggesting that the role of iron is to regulate beta-catenin. Furthermore, we show that E-cadherin status has no influence on iron-mediated Wnt signalling. We thus speculate that excess iron could exacerbate tumorigenesis in the background of APC loss, a common finding in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Brookes
- CRUK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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Goel S, Bauer RJ, Desai K, Bulgaru A, Iqbal T, Strachan BK, Kim G, Kaubisch A, Vanhove GF, Goldberg G, Mani S. Pharmacokinetic and safety study of subcutaneously administered weekly ING-1, a human engineere monoclonal antibody targeting human EpCAM, in patients with advanced solid tumors. Ann Oncol 2007; 18:1704-7. [PMID: 17693421 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND ING-1 is a high-affinity, human engineeredtrade mark monoclonal antibody that recognizes a 40 kilodalton epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM) glycoprotein that is expressed in high levels on most adenocarcinomas and is an attractive target for immunotherapy. METHODS ING-1 was administered subcutaneously weekly at doses between 0.1 and 2 mg/kg/week. Pharmacokinetic samples were drawn during weeks 1 and 6. RESULTS Fourteen patients with advanced refractory cancer received a median of 6 (range 1-9) doses of ING-1. At 1 mg/kg, a 62-year-old man with colon cancer developed reversible grade 3 pancreatitis after the third dose. His plasma ING-1 levels were similar to the other two patients dosed at 1 mg/kg. Two patients dosed at 0.6 mg/kg experienced stable disease at 6 weeks. Peak drug levels increased with dose and time, suggesting drug accumulation with repeated dosing. Low human anti-human antibody response was noted in three of the 13 patients assessed and was directed towards the variable region of ING-1. CONCLUSIONS Weekly ING-1 administered subcutaneously was well tolerated at 0.6 mg/kg/week and further experience at this dose is warranted to demonstrate safety. The risk of pancreatitis and the marginal anti-tumor effect may preclude further monotherapy studies; however, combination studies with chemotherapy are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Goel
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
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Fitzpatrick J, Barry K, Cerqueira P, Iqbal T, O’Neill J, Roos Y. Effect of composition and storage conditions on the flowability of dairy powders. Int Dairy J 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.idairyj.2006.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Brookes MJ, Hughes S, Turner FE, Reynolds G, Sharma N, Ismail T, Berx G, McKie AT, Hotchin N, Anderson GJ, Iqbal T, Tselepis C. Modulation of iron transport proteins in human colorectal carcinogenesis. Gut 2006; 55:1449-60. [PMID: 16641131 PMCID: PMC1856421 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2006.094060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Total body iron and high dietary iron intake are risk factors for colorectal cancer. To date there is no comprehensive characterisation of iron transport proteins in progression to colorectal carcinoma. In this study, we examined expression of iron import (duodenal cytochrome b (DCYTB), divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1), and transferrin receptor 1 (TfR1)) and export (hephaestin (HEPH) and ferroportin (FPN)) proteins in colorectal carcinoma. METHODS Perl's staining was used to examine colonocyte iron content. Real time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and western blotting were used to examine mRNA and protein levels of the molecules of interest in 11 human colorectal cancers. Semiquantitative immunohistochemistry was used to verify protein levels and information on cellular localisation. The effect of iron loading on E-cadherin expression in SW480 and Caco-2 cell lines was examined by promoter assays, real time PCR and western blotting. RESULTS Perl's staining showed increased iron in colorectal cancers, and there was a corresponding overexpression of components of the intracellular iron import machinery (DCYTB, DMT1, and TfR1). The iron exporter FPN was also overexpressed, but its intracellular location, combined with reduced HEPH levels, suggests reduced iron efflux in the majority of colorectal cancers examined. Loss of HEPH and FPN expression was associated with more advanced disease. Iron loading Caco-2 and SW480 cells caused cellular proliferation and E-cadherin repression. CONCLUSIONS Progression to colorectal cancer is associated with increased expression in iron import proteins and a block in iron export due to decreased expression and aberrant localisation of HEPH and FPN, respectively. This results in increased intracellular iron which may induce proliferation and repress cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Brookes
- Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Vincent Drive, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
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Iqbal T, Oliveira F, Mahajan P, Kerry J, Gil L, Manso M, Cunha L. MODELLING THE INFLUENCE OF STORAGE TIME ON THE RESPIRATION RATE OF SHREDDED CARROTS AT DIFFERENT TEMPERATURES UNDER AMBIENT ATMOSPHERE. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.17660/actahortic.2005.674.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Fitzpatrick J, Iqbal T, Delaney C, Twomey T, Keogh M. Effect of powder properties and storage conditions on the flowability of milk powders with different fat contents. J FOOD ENG 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2003.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Goel S, Mani S, Iqbal T, Desai K, Parise RA, Afroze R, Egorin MJ, Zamboni WC. The effect of food on the oral absorption of 9-nitrocamptothecin (9NC) in patients with relapsed solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.2106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. Goel
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - S. Mani
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - T. Iqbal
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - K. Desai
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - R. A. Parise
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - R. Afroze
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - M. J. Egorin
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - W. C. Zamboni
- Albert Einstein Cancer Center, Bronx, NY; University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, PA
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Fitzpatrick J, Barringer S, Iqbal T. Flow property measurement of food powders and sensitivity of Jenike’s hopper design methodology to the measured values. J FOOD ENG 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0260-8774(03)00147-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Mudher A, Chapman S, Richardson J, Asuni A, Gibb G, Pollard C, Killick R, Iqbal T, Raymond L, Varndell I, Sheppard P, Makoff A, Gower E, Soden PE, Lewis P, Murphy M, Golde TE, Rupniak HT, Anderton BH, Lovestone S. Dishevelled regulates the metabolism of amyloid precursor protein via protein kinase C/mitogen-activated protein kinase and c-Jun terminal kinase. J Neurosci 2001; 21:4987-95. [PMID: 11438574 PMCID: PMC6762860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a disorder of two pathologies: amyloid plaques, the core of which is a peptide derived from the amyloid precursor protein (APP), and neurofibrillary tangles composed of highly phosphorylated tau. Protein kinase C (PKC) is known to increase non-amyloidogenic alpha-secretase cleavage of APP, producing secreted APP (sAPPalpha), and glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3beta is known to increase tau phosphorylation. Both PKC and GSK-3beta are components of the wnt signaling cascade. Here we demonstrate that overexpression of another member of this pathway, dishevelled (dvl-1), increases sAPPalpha production. The dishevelled action on APP is mediated via both c-jun terminal kinase (JNK) and protein kinase C (PKC)/mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase but not via p38 MAP kinase. These data position dvl-1 upstream of both PKC and JNK, thereby explaining the previously observed dual signaling action of dvl-1. Furthermore, we show that human dvl-1 and wnt-1 also reduce the phosphorylation of tau by GSK-3beta. Therefore, both APP metabolism and tau phosphorylation are potentially linked through wnt signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Mudher
- Departments of Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom
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Qureshi A, Khattak N, Sardar M, Tufail M, Akram M, Iqbal T, Khan H. Determination of uranium contents in rock samples from Kakul phosphate deposit, Abbotabad (Pakistan), using fission-track technique. RADIAT MEAS 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s1350-4487(01)00185-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Qureshi Z, Qureshi I, Ahmed R, Sabir O, Ali M, Iqbal T. Complications of thyroidectomy for benign disease. J Ayub Med Coll Abbottabad 2001; 13:17-8. [PMID: 11706632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Goitre is a common ailment seen in mountainous regions, like the periphery of Abbottabad. Thyroidectomies are very common in our center. METHODS This study was done to find out the complication rate of thyroidectomies. RESULTS 189 cases were operated in Ayub Hospital Complex, Abbottabad during July 96 and Dec. 99. All patients were with benign disease and any case found to have malignancy were excluded from the study. The overall complication rate for all the categories was 15%. In total 5 patients died within one month of surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Qureshi
- Department of Surgery, Ayub Teaching Hospital, Abbottabad
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Affiliation(s)
- A Francis
- Dept. of Surgery, Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, United Kingdom
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Iqbal T, Shahriari MR, Hajcak P, Sigel GH, Copeland LR, Reed WA. Optical properties of AlF(3)-based glasses doped with Pr(3+), Yb(3+) and Lu(3+). Appl Opt 1994; 33:965-968. [PMID: 20862098 DOI: 10.1364/ao.33.000965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Rare-earth ions can easily be incorporated into fluoride glasses in moderate to large concentrations. Because these glasses possess low fundamental frequencies, they appear to have many advantages over oxide glasses as hosts for rare-earth ions used in optical amplifiers and lasers. We have investigated the optical properties (fluorescence, absorption, and excited-state lifetimes) of AlF(3)-based glass doped with Pr(3+), Yb(3+) and Lu(3+). The effects of different dopant levels on the optical properties of this glass system have also been investigated. These results are compared to those obtained for the same ions in other glass hosts.
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