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Nishitani S, Tran T, Puglise A, Yang S, Landry MP. Engineered Glucose Oxidase-Carbon Nanotube Conjugates for Tissue-Translatable Glucose Nanosensors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311476. [PMID: 37990059 PMCID: PMC11003487 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Continuous and non-invasive glucose monitoring and imaging is important for disease diagnosis, treatment, and management. However, glucose monitoring remains a technical challenge owing to the dearth of tissue-transparent glucose sensors. In this study, we present the development of near-infrared fluorescent single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) based nanosensors directly functionalized with glucose oxidase (GOx) capable of immediate and reversible glucose imaging in biological fluids and tissues. We prepared GOx-SWCNT nanosensors by facile sonication of SWCNT with GOx in a manner that-surprisingly-does not compromise the ability of GOx to detect glucose. Importantly, we find by using denatured GOx that the fluorescence modulation of GOx-SWCNT is not associated with the catalytic oxidation of glucose but rather triggered by glucose-GOx binding. Leveraging the unique response mechanism of GOx-SWCNT nanosensors, we developed catalytically inactive apo-GOx-SWCNT that enables both sensitive and reversible glucose imaging, exhibiting a ΔF/F0 of up to 40 % within 1 s of exposure to glucose without consuming the glucose analyte. We finally demonstrate the potential applicability of apo-GOx-SWCNT in biomedical applications by glucose quantification in human plasma and glucose imaging in mouse brain slices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoichi Nishitani
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Puglise
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Sounghyun Yang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Markita P Landry
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Innovative Genomics Institute (IGI), 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
- California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, QB3, University of California, 94720, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Chan-Zuckerberg Biohub, 94158, San Francisco, CA, USA
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2
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Hagopian G, Jiang X, Grant C, Brazel D, Kumar P, Yamamoto M, Jakowatz J, Chow W, Tran T, Shen W, Moyers J. Survival impact of post-operative immunotherapy in resected stage III cutaneous melanomas in the checkpoint era. ESMO Open 2024; 9:102193. [PMID: 38271786 PMCID: PMC10937207 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.102193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Checkpoint inhibitors have shown improvement in recurrence-free survival in the post-operative setting for node-positive melanoma and were first approved in late 2015. However, single-agent checkpoint therapies have yet to show benefit to overall survival (OS) for lower-risk stage III cancers. We evaluated the OS benefit of post-operative immunotherapy in the National Cancer Database (NCDB). PATIENTS AND METHODS Patient cases were selected from the NCDB 2020 Participant Use File. Patients diagnosed with stage III cutaneous melanoma between 2016 and 2019 who underwent definitive resection for their melanoma were included. OS between those who received post-operative immunotherapy within 84 days of surgery and those who did not was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Demographic and clinical characteristics between the two groups were compared via Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS 14 978 patients with stage III melanoma were included. Of those, 34.9% (n = 5234) received post-operative immunotherapy and 65.1% (n = 9744) did not. Using the American Joint Committee on Cancer version 8 (AJCCv8) staging, 36-month survival was significantly higher in patients who received post-operative immunotherapy compared to no post-operative systemic therapy in those diagnosed with stage IIIB (88.0% versus 84.7%, P = 0.011), IIIC (75.6% versus 68.1%, P < 0.001), or IIID (59.2% versus 48.4%, P = 0.002). No significant improvement in 36-month survival was seen in patients who received post-operative immunotherapy in patients with stage IIIA disease (93.0% versus 92.2%, P = 0.218). CONCLUSIONS Post-operative immunotherapy had an OS benefit in patients with AJCCv8 stage IIIB, IIIC, and IIID disease, but had no significant survival benefit for patients with stage IIIA melanomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Hagopian
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - X Jiang
- Department of Statistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - C Grant
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - D Brazel
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - P Kumar
- Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - M Yamamoto
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - J Jakowatz
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - W Chow
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - T Tran
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange
| | - W Shen
- Department of Statistics, University of California Irvine, Irvine
| | - J Moyers
- The Angeles Clinic & Research Institute, A Cedars-Sinai Affiliate, Los Angeles, USA.
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Kim JK, Tam M, Karp JM, Oh C, Kim G, Solomon E, Concert CM, Vaezi AE, Li Z, Tran T, Zan E, Corby P, Feron-Rigodon M, Del Vecchio Fitz C, Goldberg JD, Hochman T, Givi B, Jacobson A, Persky M, Hu KS. A Phase II Trial Evaluating Rapid Mid-Treatment Nodal Shrinkage to Select for Adaptive Deescalation in p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Definitive Chemoradiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S68-S69. [PMID: 37784553 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) The purpose of this study is to determine if rapid mid-treatment nodal shrinkage (RMNS) can identify patients with p16+ oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) who can be safely deescalated with reduced dose chemoradiation therapy (CRT). The primary endpoint was 2-year progression free survival (PFS). MATERIALS/METHODS Inclusion criteria were as follows: T1-3, N1, M0 (AJCC 8th edition) p16+ OPC with <10 pack-year smoking history. All patients were initially planned for standard dose CRT (70 Gy) and weekly cisplatin. Patients were evaluated with a CT scan at week 4 for RMNS, defined as >40% nodal volumetric reduction from baseline. If RMNS was achieved, they proceeded to deescalated CRT (60 Gy). If not, they received standard CRT. Biomarker correlates were collected at baseline and week 4 of CRT including plasma TTMV (tumor tissue modified viral) HPV DNA and MRI diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Univariate logistic regression analyses (UVA) were performed to evaluate predictors of RMNS. Odds ratios with 95% CI are reported, using a p<0.05 for statistical significance with a two-sided test. Wilcoxon rank sum tests were used to evaluate differences between the two groups using p < 0.05, 2-sided) for statistical significance. All statistical procedures were performed using R () with no adjustments for multiple testing. RESULTS Thirty-six patients were enrolled: median age: 60 years; 81% male; primary site: 36% base of tongue, 53% tonsil, 11% both; T-stage: 39% T1, 50% T2, 11% T3; N-stage: 100% N1; any smoking history: 58% yes, 42% no; 67% (n = 24) had RMNS and received deescalated CRT while the remaining proceeded to standard CRT. At a median follow-up of 32.4 months, 2-year PFS between the standard and deescalated groups were 91.7% vs 90.9%, respectively (p = 0.97). All patients with recurrence underwent successful salvage treatment with 2-year OS 100% for all patients. On UVA, rapid TTMV HPV DNA clearance (baseline to week 4) (OR 12.0 [1.65-250], p = 0.034), lower MRI diffusivity (ADC) at baseline (OR 0.79 [0.61-0.97], p = 0.042) and week 4 (OR 0.76 [0.60-0.91], p = 0.009), and higher MRI diffusional kurtosis at baseline (OR 1.09 [1.01-1.21], p = 0.051) and week 4 (OR 1.24 [1.09-1.52], p = 0.009) were significantly associated with RMNS. When comparing the deescalated and standard cohorts, the mean baseline and week 4 MRI ADC were significantly lower and week 4 MRI diffusional kurtosis was significantly higher in the deescalated group. CONCLUSION In this phase II study, rapid mid-treatment nodal shrinkage appeared to select favorable risk p16+ oropharynx cancer patients for treatment de-escalation. Rapid clearance of TTMV HPV DNA at week 4 as well as MRI DWI biomarkers of low ADC and high diffusional kurtosis values were correlated with RMNS. A larger study is planned to incorporate RMNS and biomarkers for further treatment de-escalation. Additional trial information is available at ClinicalTrials.gov (Identifier: NCT03215719).
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - M Tam
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - J M Karp
- NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, New York City, NY
| | - C Oh
- Biostatistics, Department of Population Health, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - G Kim
- NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - E Solomon
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - C M Concert
- Department of Radiation Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - A E Vaezi
- Perlmutter Cancer Center NYU Langone Long Island, Mineola, NY
| | - Z Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - T Tran
- Department of Otolaryngology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - E Zan
- NYU School of Medicine and Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - P Corby
- University of Pennsylvania, School of Dental Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | | | | | - J D Goldberg
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY
| | - T Hochman
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - B Givi
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - A Jacobson
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - M Persky
- Department of Otolaryngology, NYU Langone Health, New York, NY
| | - K S Hu
- NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY
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Vo T, Tran T, Ho T, Le C, Pham H, Tran H, Ho N, Cao T, Vo B. Clinical evaluation of hysterectomy for the treatment of invasive mole in Southern Vietnam. Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2023; 27:7720-7727. [PMID: 37667950 DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202308_33426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the rate of salvage chemotherapy and review associated factors in invasive mole patients treated by primary or delayed hysterectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS This study was carried out at the Tu Du Hospital, where a total of 189 patients were diagnosed with invasive mole based on histologic examination by hysterectomy between 01/2016 to 12/2020. We used the life table method to estimate the cumulative rate. We applied the Cox proportional hazard model to determine the factors associated with the need for salvage chemotherapy. RESULTS At 12-month follow-up, 47 patients had required salvage chemotherapy. The incidence was 24.87% (95% CI: 18.88-31.66). Applying the multivariate model, prophylactic chemotherapy (HR = 2.75, 95% Cl: 1.20-6.30) and two weeks postoperative hCG value greater than 1,900 mIU/mL (HR = 4.30, 95% Cl: 2.08-8.87) increased the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy. Postoperative chemotherapy decreased the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy (HR = 0.43, 95% Cl: 0.22-0.83). CONCLUSIONS Hysterectomy can be considered safe and effective in treating invasive mole patients. Although patients were treated by hysterectomy, 24.87% of patients needed salvage chemotherapy to achieve remission. This study affirms the malignant nature of invasive mole, a subtype of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN). It is not purely a local invasion of molar villi. Postoperative chemotherapy plays an essential role in reducing the risk of requiring salvage chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vo
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
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Walker J, Tran T, Lappe B, Gastanaduy P, Paul P, Kracalik IT, Fields VL, Lopez A, Schwartz A, Lewis NM, Tate JE, Kirking HL, Hall AJ, Pevzner E, Khong H, Smithee M, Lowry J, Dunn A, Kiphibane T, Tran CH. Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 transmission and superspreading in Salt Lake County, Utah, March-May 2020. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0275125. [PMID: 37352280 PMCID: PMC10289415 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the drivers of SARS-CoV-2 transmission can inform the development of interventions. We evaluated transmission identified by contact tracing investigations between March-May 2020 in Salt Lake County, Utah, to quantify the impact of this intervention and identify risk factors for transmission. METHODS RT-PCR positive and untested symptomatic contacts were classified as confirmed and probable secondary case-patients, respectively. We compared the number of case-patients and close contacts generated by different groups, and used logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with transmission. RESULTS Data were collected on 184 index case-patients and up to six generations of contacts. Of 1,499 close contacts, 374 (25%) were classified as secondary case-patients. Decreased transmission odds were observed for contacts aged <18 years (OR = 0.55 [95% CI: 0.38-0.79]), versus 18-44 years, and for workplace (OR = 0.36 [95% CI: 0.23-0.55]) and social (OR = 0.44 [95% CI: 0.28-0.66]) contacts, versus household contacts. Higher transmission odds were observed for case-patient's spouses than other household contacts (OR = 2.25 [95% CI: 1.52-3.35]). Compared to index case-patients identified in the community, secondary case-patients identified through contract-tracing generated significantly fewer close contacts and secondary case-patients of their own. Transmission was heterogeneous, with 41% of index case-patients generating 81% of directly-linked secondary case-patients. CONCLUSIONS Given sufficient resources and complementary public health measures, contact tracing can contain known chains of SARS-CoV-2 transmission. Transmission is associated with age and exposure setting, and can be highly variable, with a few infections generating a disproportionately high share of onward transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Walker
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Tran
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Brooke Lappe
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Paul Gastanaduy
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Prabasaj Paul
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ian T. Kracalik
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Victoria L. Fields
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Adriana Lopez
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Amy Schwartz
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Nathaniel M. Lewis
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jacqueline E. Tate
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hannah L. Kirking
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Aron J. Hall
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Eric Pevzner
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Ha Khong
- Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Maureen Smithee
- Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Jason Lowry
- Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Angela Dunn
- Utah Department of Health, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Tair Kiphibane
- Salt Lake County Health Department, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Cuc H. Tran
- COVID-19 Response Team, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
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Liu Q, Cole D, Tran T, Quinn M, McCauley E, Diamond G, Garber J. Intraindividual phenotyping of depression in high-risk youth: An application of a multilevel hidden Markov model. Dev Psychopathol 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37218034 PMCID: PMC10665546 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579423000500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditionally, depression phenotypes have been defined based on interindividual differences that distinguish between subgroups of individuals expressing distinct depressive symptoms often from cross-sectional data. Alternatively, depression phenotypes can be defined based on intraindividual differences, differentiating between transitory states of distinct symptoms profiles that a person transitions into or out of over time. Such within-person phenotypic states are less examined, despite their potential significance for understanding and treating depression. METHODS The current study used intensive longitudinal data of youths (N = 120) at risk for depression. Clinical interviews (at baseline, 4, 10, 16, and 22 months) yielded 90 weekly assessments. We applied a multilevel hidden Markov model to identify intraindividual phenotypes of weekly depressive symptoms for at-risk youth. RESULTS Three intraindividual phenotypes emerged: a low-depression state, an elevated-depression state, and a cognitive-physical-symptom state. Youth had a high probability of remaining in the same state over time. Furthermore, probabilities of transitioning from one state to another did not differ by age or ethnoracial minority status; girls were more likely than boys to transition from a low-depression state to either the elevated-depression state or the cognitive-physical symptom state. Finally, these intraindividual phenotypes and their dynamics were associated with comorbid externalizing symptoms. CONCLUSION Identifying these states as well as the transitions between them characterizes how symptoms of depression change over time and provide potential directions for intervention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - David Cole
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, USA
| | - Meghan Quinn
- Department of Psychological Sciences, College of William & Mary, USA
| | | | - Guy Diamond
- Counseling and Family Therapy, Drexel University, USA
| | - Judy Garber
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, USA
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Tran T, Peterson S, Gubbels A. Impact of pelvic pain diagnosis and age of hysterectomy. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2022.12.169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
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Tran T, Liu Q, Cole DA. Prospective and Contemporaneous Relations of Self-Esteem and Depressed Affect in the Context of Parent-Child Closeness during Adolescence: A Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model. J Youth Adolesc 2023; 52:506-518. [PMID: 36401708 DOI: 10.1007/s10964-022-01705-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Adolescent self-esteem and depression are influenced by important psychosocial factors such as parental relationships, yet it is unclear how these within-person relations present over time. The current study investigates the longitudinal relations between self-esteem, depressed affect, and parent-adolescent closeness during middle adolescence. Adolescents (n = 562; mean age = 14.73, SD = 0.82; 52% female; 72% White, 28% Racial Minority) were surveyed annually over four years (1988-1991). A random-intercept cross-lagged panel model was applied to disaggregate between- and within-person associations. Consistent with the scar model, adolescents experiencing heightened depressed affect were likely to have lower self-esteem. Furthermore, perceived mother-adolescent, but not father-adolescent, closeness positively predicted adolescent self-esteem. The results highlight the importance of considering interpersonal relationships and age in developmental models of self-esteem and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Tran
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Pl #5721, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Pl #5721, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA
| | - David A Cole
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Pl #5721, Nashville, TN, 37203, USA.
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Shepard CA, Rufino KA, Lee J, Tran T, Paddock K, Wu C, Oldham JM, Mathew SJ, Patriquin MA. Nighttime Sleep Quality and Daytime Sleepiness Predicts Suicide Risk in Adults Admitted to an Inpatient Psychiatric Hospital. Behav Sleep Med 2023; 21:129-141. [PMID: 35296204 DOI: 10.1080/15402002.2022.2050724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
As sleep problems have been identified as an important, yet understudied, predictor of suicide risk, the present study analyzed the relationship between daytime sleepiness and nighttime sleep disturbance in a high-risk population of adults admitted to an inpatient psychiatric hospital. Objectives were to (1) examine the time course of subjective daytime sleepiness, nighttime sleep disturbance, and suicide risk throughout inpatient psychiatric treatment, (2) examine pre- to post-treatment changes in sleep disturbance with treatment as usual in an inpatient psychiatric setting, and (3) investigate whether daytime sleepiness and nighttime sleep disturbance predicted suicide risk above and beyond anxiety and depression. Participants were 500 consecutively admitted adults admitted to an intermediate length of stay (4-6 weeks) inpatient psychiatric hospital (47% female; 18-87 years of age). Measures of sleep, suicide risk, depression, and anxiety were completed at admission, weeks 1 through 4, and at discharge. Latent growth curve modeling (LGM) and hierarchal linear modeling (HLM) were conducted. The LGM analysis demonstrated that daytime sleepiness, nighttime sleep disturbance, and suicide risk all improved throughout inpatient treatment. Further, HLM showed that daytime sleepiness predicted suicide risk above and beyond symptoms of anxiety, depression, major sleep medications, and prior suicidal ideation and attempts, while nighttime sleep disturbance predicted suicide risk above and beyond symptoms of anxiety, major sleep medications, and prior suicidal ideation and attempts. Findings indicate the need to reevaluate safety protocols that may impact sleep, particularly that may increase daytime sleepiness, and to develop evidence-based sleep interventions for individuals admitted to inpatient psychiatric hospitals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katrina A Rufino
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,University of Houston-Downtown, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jaehoon Lee
- Department of Educational Psychology & Leadership, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Chester Wu
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - John M Oldham
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sanjay J Mathew
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Michael E. Debakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michelle A Patriquin
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA.,Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Michael E. Debakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Liu Q, Joiner RJ, Trichtinger LA, Tran T, Cole DA. Dissecting the depressed mood criterion in adult depression: The heterogeneity of mood disturbances in major depressive episodes. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:392-399. [PMID: 36455714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mood disturbances have historically remained a core criterion in diagnosing major depressive episode. DSMs have illustrated this criterion with depressed, hopeless, discouraged, cheerless, and irritable mood, suggesting interchangeability. Extant research has examined individual forms of mood disturbance to depression severity. Less examined is the heterogeneity in mood disturbances and its implication to their association to depression presentations and outcomes. METHOD The current study used a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults with unipolar major depressive disorder to study the association between specific forms of mood disturbances to depression severity, chronicity, or symptoms, above and beyond other forms, as well as their relations to functional impairment, suicidal outcomes, and psychiatric comorbidity via generalized linear models. RESULTS Cheerless and hopeless mood were associated with depression severity. Hopeless and irritable mood were associated with depression chronicity. Different forms of mood disturbance showed differential relations to depressive symptoms. Cheerless, hopeless, and irritable mood were associated with depression-specific functional interference, incremental to depression severity. Cheerless, hopeless, and discouraged mood were associated with passive suicidal ideation. Hopeless mood was associated with active suicidal ideation. Hopeless and irritable mood were associated with both suicide plan and suicide attempt. Different forms of mood disturbance demonstrated differential associations to comorbid psychiatric conditions. DISCUSSION The relations between different forms of mood disturbances and various aspects of depression are nuanced. Theoretically, these relations highlight the potential utility in acknowledging the complexity and heterogeneity in mood disturbances. Clinically, our results suggest potential utility in routinely monitoring mood disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America.
| | - Raquael J Joiner
- Department of Psychology, Unviersity of California, Los Angeles, United States of America
| | - Lauren A Trichtinger
- Department of Mathematics, Computing, and Statistics, Simmons University, United States of America
| | - Tiffany Tran
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America
| | - David A Cole
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, United States of America
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Tran T, Niu X, Wu J, Lu D, Leon RL, Minassian B, Mirpuri J. Maternal high fat diet exposure results in differential inflammatory gene expression, diminished hippocampal neurons and reduced sensitivity to stimuli in offspring, dependent on the maternal microbiome. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00517-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Kim J, Tam M, Oh C, Feron-Rigodon M, Joseph B, Vaezi A, Li Z, Tran T, Kim G, Zan E, Corby P, Vecchio Fitz CD, Goldberg J, Hochman T, Givi B, Jacobson A, Persky M, Persky M, Hu K. Circulating Tumor HPV-DNA Kinetics in p16+ Oropharyngeal Cancer Patients Undergoing Adaptive Radiation De-Escalation Based on Mid-Treatment Nodal Response. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2022.07.1385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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13
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Saini K, Tran T, Khosravi M, Krishnan J, Tower DE, Shih CD. Toenail Dust as a Potential Occupational Hazard in Podiatric Medicine: A Comprehensive Literature Review. J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2022; 112:20-197. [PMID: 36251593 DOI: 10.7547/20-197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Debridement of toenails is a common procedure that leads to the production of nail dust aerosols in the work environment. Previous studies indicate that inhaled nail dust can cause respiratory distress and eye irritation. This comprehensive review aimed to assess the available literature on the effect of nail dust exposure and to evaluate nail dust as a potential occupational hazard for podiatric physicians. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was conducted via PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Risks of bias of the collected studies were evaluated using various assessment tools to match the type of study design. A qualitative analysis of the included studies was performed, from which primary and secondary outcome measures were extracted: prevalence of symptoms and specific microorganisms in nail dust. RESULTS Of 403 articles screened, eight met the inclusion criteria. The primary outcome measure resulted in a pooled prevalence of eye-related symptoms being the most consistent symptom reported (41%-48%). The secondary outcome measure resulted in a pooled prevalence of Trichophyton rubrum (9.52%-38%) and Aspergillus (11.11%-35.48%) as the most common microorganisms present in nail dust. CONCLUSIONS From the included eight articles, we found that nail dust is a potential occupational hazard, especially for those exposed more often. Aspergillus and T rubrum are most commonly associated with nail dust leading to development of respiratory illness. It is important to take preventive measures in podiatric medical clinics by using improved and efficient personal protective equipment for workers exposed to nail dust. Detailed health safety guidelines can be developed to decrease respiratory symptoms and diseases from nail dust exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Saini
- *California School of Podiatric Medicine at Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- *California School of Podiatric Medicine at Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA
| | - Melody Khosravi
- *California School of Podiatric Medicine at Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA
| | - Jannani Krishnan
- *California School of Podiatric Medicine at Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA
| | - Dyane E Tower
- †Clinical Affairs, American Podiatric Medical Association, Bethesda, MD
| | - Chia-Ding Shih
- *California School of Podiatric Medicine at Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA
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Nestor BA, Liu Q, Tran T, Cole DA. The cross-sectional, longitudinal, and transitional associations between perceived support and suicidal ideation and behavior in late adolescence and emerging adulthood: Adjacent-category logit models. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2022; 52:908-917. [PMID: 35695122 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.12888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Suicidal ideation (SI) and attempts (SA) are prevalent in late adolescence and emerging adulthood. Prior research has identified perceived support as a correlate of SI and SA. Less is known, though, about the role of perceived support in differentiating among suicidal outcomes and between the incremental escalation of suicidal outcomes from SI to SA to serious suicide attempts (SSA). METHOD Using ordinal regression, we used Wave 1 and 2 data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (N = 4500; 53% female; Mage = 16.6; 12% Hispanic) to examine cross-sectional, longitudinal, and transitional models of perceived support and suicidality. RESULTS Cross-sectional results indicated that youths with higher perceived support were less likely to have suicidal ideation. Longitudinal results showed that youths with higher perceived support at Wave 1 were less likely to have suicidal ideation or serious suicide attempts at Wave 2. Transitional model results revealed that higher perceived support at Wave 1 was negatively associated with escalation in suicidal outcomes from Wave 1 to 2. CONCLUSION We discuss findings in the context of theories of suicide and discuss implications for suicide risk identification, intervention, and prevention efforts in late adolescence and emerging adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bridget A Nestor
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Qimin Liu
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - David A Cole
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Tran T, Dym A, Rosania A, Nelson L, Ramdin C, Santos C. 91 The Promising Use of an Emergency Department Observation Unit to Manage Patients With Opioid Use Disorder. Ann Emerg Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2022.08.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Soldatos N, Pham H, Fakhouri WD, Ngo B, Lampropoulos P, Tran T, Weltman R. Temperature Changes during Implant Osteotomy Preparations in Human Cadaver Tibiae Comparing MIS ® Straight Drills with Densah ® Burs. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1716. [PMID: 36292601 PMCID: PMC9601368 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Several studies showed a sustained temperature of 47 °C or 50 °C for one minute resulted in vascular stasis and bone resorption with only limited bone regrowth over a 3-4-week healing period. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the temperature changes (ΔΤ) that occur during the preparation of dental implant osteotomies using MIS® straight drills versus Densah® burs in a clockwise (cutting) drilling protocol. (2) Methods: Two hundred forty (240) osteotomies of two different systems' drills were prepared at 6 mm depth at 800, 1000, and 1200 revolutions per minute (RPM), in fresh, unembalmed tibiae, obtained by a female cadaver. ΔΤ was calculated by subtracting the baseline temperature on the tibial surface, from the maximum temperature-inside the osteotomy (ΔT = Tmax - Tbase). The variables were evaluated both for their individual and for their synergistic effect on ΔΤ with the use of one-, two-, three- and four-way interactions; (3) Results: An independent and a three-way interaction (drill design, drill width, and RPM) was found in all three RPM for the Densah® burs and at 1000 RPM for the MIS® straight drills. As Densah® burs diameter increased, ΔΤ decreased. The aforementioned pattern was seen only at 1000 RPM for the MIS® straight drills. The usage of drills 20 times more than the implant manufacturers' recommendation did not significantly affect the ΔΤ. A stereoscopic examination of the specimens confirmed the findings. (4) Conclusions: The independent and synergistic effect of drills' diameter, design and RPM had a significant effect on ΔΤ in human tibiae, which never exceeded the critical threshold of 47 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Soldatos
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health Science University (OHSU), 2730 SW Moody Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Huy Pham
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Walid D. Fakhouri
- Department of Diagnostic and Biomedical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Binh Ngo
- School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
| | - Panagiotis Lampropoulos
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 2 Thivon St., Goudi, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Tiffany Tran
- California School of Podiatric Medicine, Samuel Merritt University, Oakland, CA 94609, USA
| | - Robin Weltman
- Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston, 7500 Cambridge St., Houston, TX 77054, USA
- Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Nevada Las Vegas (UNLV), Las Vegas, NV 89106, USA
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Tran T, Qin M, Agak G, Teles R, Baugh A, To T, Kim J. 569 The role of siglecs in acne pathogenesis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES Most Vietnamese immigrants in the U.S. today arrived as political refugees due to the Vietnam War in the late 20th century. Refugees are disproportionally affected by health and mental health disparities as a result of experiencing distress and potentially traumatic experiences before, during, and after their migration processes. This study involved Vietnamese families facing dementia and used a qualitative approach to investigate participants' experiences before, during, and right after their resettlement in the U.S. METHODS In-person interviews were conducted with 11 Vietnamese adults who cared for their family member with dementia. A descriptive analysis approach was used. RESULTS Five major themes emerged from the interviews:1) immigrating separately from family members, 2) difficult and unsafe journeys, 3) experiences of loss, 4) lack of support systems in the U.S., and 5) feelings of unhappiness, sadness, or signs of depression. CONCLUSIONS This study provides a close examination of Vietnamese refugees' unique backgrounds and how individuals with dementia and their caregivers from this population may be disproportionally impacted by stress. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS To reduce health disparities, we recommend that providers and policymakers allocate more resources for culturally appropriate routine assessment, treatment, and referrals of those with dementia and their caregivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Sun
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Duyen Tran
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Anna Bach
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Uyen Ngo
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Thuy Do
- Asian Resources Inc., Sacramento, CA 95824, USA
| | - Oanh L. Meyer
- University of California, Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
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Arnaldo P, Mabunda N, Young PW, Tran T, Sitoe N, Chelene I, Nhanombe A, Isamael N, Júnior A, Cubula B, Inlamea OF, Gudo E, Jani IV. Prevalence of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Antibodies in the Mozambican Population: A Cross-Sectional Serologic Study in 3 Cities, July-August 2020. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:S285-S293. [PMID: 35748663 PMCID: PMC9278262 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The extent of population exposure to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) was uncertain in many African countries during the onset of the pandemic. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study and randomly selected and surveyed general population and occupational groups from 6 July to 24 August 2020, in 3 cities in Mozambique. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies were measured using a point-of-care rapid test. The prevalence was weighted for population (by age, sex, and city) and adjusted for test sensitivity and specificity. RESULTS A total of 21 183 participants, including 11 143 from the general population and 10 040 from occupational groups, were included across all 3 cities. General population seropositivity (IgM or IgG) prevalence was 3.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0%-6.6%) in Pemba, 2.1% (95% CI, 1.2%-3.3%) in Maputo City, and 0.9% (95% CI, .1%-1.9%) in Quelimane. The prevalence in occupational groups ranged from 2.8% (95% CI, 1.3%-5.2%) to 5.9% (95% CI, 4.3%-8.0%) in Pemba, 0.3% (95% CI, .0%-2.2%) to 4.0% (95% CI, 2.6%-5.7%) in Maputo City, and 0.0% (95% CI, .0%-.7%) to 6.6% (95% CI, 3.8%-10.5%) in Quelimane, and showed variations between the groups tested. CONCLUSIONS In the first representative COVID-19 serosurveys in Mozambique, in mid-2020, weighted and assay-adjusted seroprevalence in 3 provincial capitals of anti-SARS-CoV-2 ranged from 0.9% to 3.0%, whereas adjusted prevalence in occupational groups ranged from 0.0% to 6.6% with variation between groups. Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 was extensive during the first pandemic wave, and transmission may have been more intense among occupational groups. These data have been of utmost importance to inform public health intervention to control and respond to the pandemic in Mozambique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Arnaldo
- Corresponding author contact information Paulo Arnaldo INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE SAÚDE (INS) EN1, Bairro da Vila - Parcela n°3943 Distrito de Marracuene Província de Maputo-Moçambique E-mail:
| | - Nédio Mabunda
- Departamento de Regulação e Promoção da Investigação em Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Peter Wesley Young
- Division of Global HIV & Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Tiffany Tran
- Division of Global HIV & Tuberculosis, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Nádia Sitoe
- Departamento de Plataformas Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Imelda Chelene
- Departamento de Plataformas Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | | | - Nália Isamael
- Departamento de Plataformas Tecnológicas, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - António Júnior
- Departamento de Gestão e Coordenação da Investigação em Saúde, Instituto Nacional de Saúde, Maputo, Mozambique
| | - Basílio Cubula
- Departamento de Métodos, Instituto Nacional de Estatística, Maputo, Mozambique
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Tay S, Bowen AC, Blyth CC, Clifford P, Clack R, Ford T, Herbert H, Kuthubutheen J, Mascaro F, O'Mahoney A, Rodrigues S, Tran T, Campbell AJ. A quality improvement study: Optimizing pneumococcal vaccination rates in children with cochlear implants. Vaccine 2022; 40:4531-4537. [PMID: 35718588 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Children with cochlear implants are at increased risk of invasive pneumococcal disease, with national and international guidelines recommending additional pneumococcal vaccines for these children. This study aimed to examine the pneumococcal immunization status and rate of invasive pneumococcal disease in children with cochlear implants at a tertiary paediatric hospital over a 12-year period. Additionally, the impacts of vaccination reminders and a dedicated immunization clinic on pneumococcal vaccination rates were assessed. This quality improvement study included 200 children who had received a cochlear implant through the Children's Hearing Implant Program at a tertiary paediatric hospital servicing the state of Western Australia. The majority of children (88%) were not up to date with additionally recommended pneumococcal vaccinations. Over the 12-year study period, 2% of children developed invasive pneumococcal disease associated with cochlear implant infections. Generic and personalized electronic immunization reminders improved pneumococcal vaccine up-take in this paediatric cochlear implant setting from 12% (19/153) at baseline to 49% (75/153, p < 0.0001) post implementation. The value of a nurse-led dedicated immunization clinic was also demonstrated with all children (42/42, 100%) up to date with Prevenar13 and the majority (34/42, 81%) up to date with Pneumovax23 post initiation of this referral pathway. These data support the expansion of this model to other medically-at-risk paediatric groups that have been highlighted consistently to be under-vaccinated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Tay
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia.
| | - A C Bowen
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia; Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - C C Blyth
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia; Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - P Clifford
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - R Clack
- Children's Hearing Implant Program, Ear Nose and Throat Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - T Ford
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia; Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia
| | - H Herbert
- Children's Hearing Implant Program, Ear Nose and Throat Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - J Kuthubutheen
- Children's Hearing Implant Program, Ear Nose and Throat Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia; Division of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
| | - F Mascaro
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A O'Mahoney
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - S Rodrigues
- Children's Hearing Implant Program, Ear Nose and Throat Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - T Tran
- Children's Hearing Implant Program, Ear Nose and Throat Department, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia
| | - A J Campbell
- Immunisation Service, Department of Infectious Diseases, Perth Children's Hospital, Western Australia, Australia; Wesfarmers Centre for Vaccines and Infectious Diseases, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Western Australia, Australia
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Vu A, Ngo V, Bui T, Tran T. POS-013 THROMBOTIC MICROANGIOPATHY AFTER COVID-19: LACK OF EVIDENCE OF COMPLEMENT ACTIVATION? A CASE REPORT. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [PMCID: PMC9213007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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22
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Tran T, Huang R, Shen C. P-98 Diabetes promotes the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via the interaction between transforming acinar cells and cancer cells through AKT/CEBPβ/LCN2 pathway. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.04.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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23
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Harms HJ, Bravo PE, Bajaj NS, Zhou W, Gupta A, Tran T, Taqueti VR, Hainer J, Bibbo C, Dorbala S, Blankstein R, Mehra M, Sörensen J, Givertz MM, Di Carli MF. Cardiopulmonary transit time: A novel PET imaging biomarker of in vivo physiology for risk stratification of heart transplant recipients. J Nucl Cardiol 2022; 29:1234-1244. [PMID: 33398793 PMCID: PMC8254830 DOI: 10.1007/s12350-020-02465-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial blood flow (MBF) can be quantified using dynamic PET studies. These studies also inherently contain tomographic images of early bolus displacement, which can provide cardiopulmonary transit times (CPTT) as measure of cardiopulmonary physiology. The aim of this study was to assess the incremental prognostic value of CPTT in heart transplant (OHT) recipients. METHODS 94 patients (age 56 ± 16 years, 78% male) undergoing dynamic 13N-ammonia stress/rest studies were included, of which 68 underwent right-heart catherization. A recently validated cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) score based on PET measures of regional perfusion, peak MBF and left-ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (LVEF) was used to identify patients with no, mild or moderate-severe CAV. Time-activity curves of the LV and right ventricular (RV) cavities were obtained and used to calculate the difference between the LV and RV bolus midpoint times, which represents the CPTT and is expressed in heartbeats. Patients were followed for a median of 2.5 years for the occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including cardiovascular death, hospitalization for heart failure or acute coronary syndrome, or re-transplantation. RESULTS CPTT was significantly correlated with cardiac filling pressures (r = .434, P = .0002 and r = .439, P = .0002 for right atrial and pulmonary wedge pressure), cardiac output (r = - .315, P = .01) and LVEF (r = - .513, P < .0001). CPTT was prolonged in patients with MACE (19.4 ± 6.0 vs 14.5 ± 3.0 heartbeats, P < .001, N = 15) with CPTT ≥ 17.75 beats showing optimal discriminatory value in ROC analysis. CPTT ≥ 17.75 heartbeats was associated with a 10.1-fold increased risk (P < .001) of MACE and a 7.3-fold increased risk (P < .001) after adjusting for PET-CAV, age, sex and time since transplant. CONCLUSION Measurements of cardiopulmonary transit time provide incremental risk stratification in OHT recipients and enhance the value of multiparametric dynamic PET imaging, particularly in identifying high-risk patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Harms
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - P E Bravo
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine; and Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - N S Bajaj
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W Zhou
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - A Gupta
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Tran
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - V R Taqueti
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Hainer
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Bibbo
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S Dorbala
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - R Blankstein
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M Mehra
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - J Sörensen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - M M Givertz
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M F Di Carli
- Cardiovascular Imaging Program, Departments of Radiology and Medicine; Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA, USA.
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Reich J, Tran T, Kashem M, Kehara H, Sunagawa G, Leotta E, Yanagida R, Mangukia C, Shigemura N, Toyoda Y. Lung Transplantation in the Elderly: How Old is Too Old? J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Tran T, Reich J, Kashem M, Kehara H, Leotta E, Yanagida R, Mangukia C, Shigemura N, Toyoda Y. Prior and Perioperative Revascularization Impact on Survival in Lung Transplant Patients. J Heart Lung Transplant 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2022.01.659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Khan A, Phares CR, Phuong HL, Trinh DTK, Phan H, Merrifield C, Le PTH, Lien QTK, Lan SN, Thoa PTK, Thu LTM, Tran T, Tran C, Platt L, Maloney SA, Nhung NV, Nahid P, Oeltmann JE. Overseas Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in US–Bound Immigrants. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:582-590. [PMID: 35195518 PMCID: PMC8888219 DOI: 10.3201/eid2803.212131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Seventy percent of tuberculosis (TB) cases in the United States occur among non–US-born persons; cases usually result from reactivation of latent TB infection (LTBI) likely acquired before the person’s US arrival. We conducted a prospective study among US immigrant visa applicants undergoing the required overseas medical examination in Vietnam. Consenting applicants >15 years of age were offered an interferon-γ release assay (IGRA); those 12–14 years of age received an IGRA as part of the required examination. Eligible participants were offered LTBI treatment with 12 doses of weekly isoniazid and rifapentine. Of 5,311 immigrant visa applicants recruited, 2,438 (46%) consented to participate; 2,276 had an IGRA processed, and 484 (21%) tested positive. Among 452 participants eligible for treatment, 304 (67%) initiated treatment, and 268 (88%) completed treatment. We demonstrated that using the overseas medical examination to provide voluntary LTBI testing and treatment should be considered to advance US TB elimination efforts.
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Soosapilla K, Akrawi D, Tran T, Huang J, Premawardhana U, Kadappu K. The Novel Use of Salbutamol and Hyoscine in Managing Third-Degree Atrioventricular Block. Heart Lung Circ 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2022.06.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ojukwu K, Miranda-Taylor M, Tran T, Ji P. Knowledge is Power: Pathology Activity Booths in Community Health Fairs. Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Our pilot project “Pathology Activity Booths” is an innovative approach to investigating whether pathology activity exhibits at health fairs could increase access and promote learning and understanding of health topics and pathology of diseases. Health fairs are an effective form of community-based health promotion conducted in many underserved communities.
Methods/Case Report
Booth #1 (Colorectal Cancer Awareness Fair): Microscopes with histology slides of colon biopsies, with enlarged corresponding colonoscopy images, were displayed showing the histology of normal colon, abnormal colon and cancer (colon adenocarcinoma).
Booth #2 (Children’s Back-To-School Fair): Microscopes with histology slides of normal skin, lung, kidney, liver, intestine, and brain tissue were shown.
Post participation surveys assessed whether participants knew anyone with the diseases presented, had previous experience with microscopes, and/or felt they understood and learned from their experience at the booth.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
There were 71 total participants. At Booth #1, 100% (42/42) of participants stated they understood what they saw under the microscope and 95% (40/42) felt they learned something new. At Booth #2, 86% (25/29) of participants stated they understood what they saw under the microscope and 76% (22/29) stated they learned something new. One participant exclaimed she would now make her husband get the colonoscopy he had been avoiding.
Conclusion
The overwhelmingly positive responses indicate that pathology booths could be promising in promoting health knowledge in our patient population. Greater understanding of health topics may lead to increased use of screening tests that can ultimately improve health outcomes. Pathologists are well suited to be direct resources of accurate information for patients. As physicians who closely evaluate human disease, we can effectively provide access to a new, different and engaging perspective to community health education. Pathology activity booths may be a valuable resource for patients, an innovative method of teaching the community and a creative tool to enhance trainees’ experience and teaching ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ojukwu
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - M Miranda-Taylor
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - T Tran
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - P Ji
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
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Chiu R, Tran T, Miranda-Taylor M, Bamdad S, Jia Y, Crabtree M, Cornford M, Yap C, Peng S. Biphasic Sarcomatoid Sweat Gland Carcinoma With Ductal Epithelial And Spindled Myoepithelial Cell Components (Malignant Mixed Tumor Of Skin). Am J Clin Pathol 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/ajcp/aqab191.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction/Objective
Sweat gland carcinomas are a group of malignant skin adnexal tumors that are difficult to diagnose due to their rarity, wide morphologic variation, and limited literature on diagnosis and classification. These tumors may appear bland and morphologically resemble benign skin adnexal tumors, or may appear poorly differentiated and mimic metastatic carcinoma especially from a breast primary. Biphasic sweat gland carcinomas are an even rarer entity, with only few cases reported in literature, and have been described to consist of a well- differentiated ductal epithelial component and a poorly differentiated, sarcomatoid, spindle cell component.
Methods/Case Report
Our case report describes a 53 year old female referred to our institution for diagnosis of an excised skin lesion of the right upper arm, which had been slowly growing for 8 years. The histology revealed a biphasic malignant neoplasm involving the dermis and subcutis. The tumor consisted of an epithelial cell component with glandular and squamoid morphology and positive for CK5/6, CK7, and CAM5.2, and a spindled myoepithelial cell component with sarcomatoid morphology and positive for S100, vimentin, and p63. Stains for CK20, ER, PR, PAX8, CEA, and TTF1 were negative. The histological and clinical findings favored a primary skin adnexal tumor, rather than a metastatic lesion.
The patient underwent wide local excision of the lesion given that margins of the original excision were indeterminate. The histology of this re-excision demonstrated the same biphasic tumor with ductal epithelial and sarcomatoid myoepithelial cell components positive for the same stains. Although margins were negative in this re-excision, 3-4 months later, the patient developed dyspnea with multiple new pulmonary and hilar masses discovered on imaging, and new-onset headache with a frontal lobe mass discovered on brain imaging. These masses were biopsied/resected, and revealed to be metastases of the original cutaneous tumor positive for the same markers.
Results (if a Case Study enter NA)
NA
Conclusion
This case report describes a rare, diagnostically challenging case of a biphasic sweat gland carcinoma with ductal epithelial and sarcomatoid myoepithelial cell components, which demonstrated aggressive behavior with distant metastasis. These tumors are a clinicopathological quandary given their rarity and the paucity of literature on their characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Chiu
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - T Tran
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - M Miranda-Taylor
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - S Bamdad
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - Y Jia
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - M Crabtree
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - M Cornford
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - C Yap
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
| | - S Peng
- Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, UNITED STATES
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Fields VL, Kracalik IT, Carthel C, Lopez A, Schwartz A, Lewis NM, Bray M, Claflin C, Jorgensen K, Khong H, Richards W, Risk I, Smithee M, Clawson M, Booth LC, Scribellito T, Lowry J, Huynh J, Davis L, Birch H, Tran T, Walker J, Fry A, Hall A, Baker J, Pevzner E, Dunn AC, Tate JE, Kirking HL, Kiphibane T, Tran CH. Coronavirus Disease Contact Tracing Outcomes and Cost, Salt Lake County, Utah, USA, March-May 2020. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:2999-3008. [PMID: 34698628 PMCID: PMC8632199 DOI: 10.3201/eid2712.210505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Outcomes and costs of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) contact tracing are limited. During March–May 2020, we constructed transmission chains from 184 index cases and 1,499 contacts in Salt Lake County, Utah, USA, to assess outcomes and estimate staff time and salaries. We estimated 1,102 staff hours and $29,234 spent investigating index cases and contacts. Among contacts, 374 (25%) had COVID-19; secondary case detection rate was ≈31% among first-generation contacts, ≈16% among second- and third-generation contacts, and ≈12% among fourth-, fifth-, and sixth-generation contacts. At initial interview, 51% (187/370) of contacts were COVID-19–positive; 35% (98/277) became positive during 14-day quarantine. Median time from symptom onset to investigation was 7 days for index cases and 4 days for first-generation contacts. Contact tracing reduced the number of cases between contact generations and time between symptom onset and investigation but required substantial resources. Our findings can help jurisdictions allocate resources for contact tracing.
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Si L, Eisman JA, Winzenberg T, Sanders KM, Center JR, Nguyen TV, Tran T, Palmer AJ. Development and validation of the risk engine for an Australian Health Economics Model of Osteoporosis. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:2073-2081. [PMID: 33856500 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-05955-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The Australian Health Economics Model of Osteoporosis (AusHEMO) has shown good face, internal and cross validities, and can be used to assist healthcare decision-making in Australia. PURPOSE This study aimed to document and validate the risk engine of the Australian Health Economics Model of Osteoporosis (AusHEMO). METHODS AusHEMO is a state-transition microsimulation model. The fracture risks were simulated using fracture incidence rates from the Dubbo Osteoporosis Epidemiology Study. The AusHEMO was validated regarding its face, internal and cross validities. Goodness-of-fit analysis was conducted and Lin's coefficient of agreement and mean absolute difference with 95% limits of agreement were reported. RESULTS The development of AusHEMO followed general and osteoporosis-specific health economics guidelines. AusHEMO showed good face validity regarding the model's structure, evidence, problem formulation and results. In addition, the model has been proven good internal and cross validities in goodness-of-fit test. Lin's coefficient was 0.99, 1 and 0.94 for validation against the fracture incidence rates, Australian life expectancies and residual lifetime fracture risks, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the development of the risk engine of AusHEMO followed the best practice for osteoporosis disease modelling and the model has been shown to have good face, internal and cross validities. The AusHEMO can be confidently used to predict long-term fracture-related outcomes and health economic evaluations when costs data are included. Health policy-makers in Australia can use the AusHEMO to select which osteoporosis interventions such as medications and public health interventions represent good value for money.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Si
- The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW Sydney, Kensington, Australia.
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
- School of Health Policy & Management, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - J A Eisman
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- School of Medicine Sydney, University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T Winzenberg
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia
| | - K M Sanders
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - J R Center
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - T V Nguyen
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
- St Vincent's Hospital, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - T Tran
- Bone Biology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, Australia
| | - A J Palmer
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
- Centre for Health Policy, School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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Tran H, Nguyen S, Nguyen K, Pham D, Le A, Nguyen G, Tran D, Shu X, Osarogiagbon R, Tran T. OA18.01 Lung Cancer in Vietnam. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2021.08.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Wette M, Steinmeier T, Lin Y, Journy N, Tran T, Jackson A, Bolle S, Fresneau B, Lassen-Ramshad Y, Tram Henriksen L, Haustermans K, Brualla L, Bäumer C, Demoor-Goldschmidt C, Thariat J, Thierry-Chef I, Timmermann B. PO-1437 Endocrine Late- Effects after Childhood and Adolescent Cancer - The Pan-European Registry HARMONIC. Radiother Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)07888-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mutyala S, Tran T, Kashem M, Zhao H, Shigemura N, Toyoda Y. Single Lung Transplantation in Patients under 50: Single Center and UNOS Analysis. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Robertson E, Samant P, Wang S, Tran T, Ji X, Xiang L. X-Ray-Induced Acoustic Computed Tomography (XACT): Initial Experiment on Bone Sample. IEEE Trans Ultrason Ferroelectr Freq Control 2021; 68:1073-1080. [PMID: 33085608 PMCID: PMC8274389 DOI: 10.1109/tuffc.2020.3032779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
X-ray-induced acoustic computed tomography (XACT) is a unique hybrid imaging modality that combines high X-ray absorption contrast with high ultrasonic resolution. X-ray radiography and computerized tomography (CT) are currently the gold standards for 2-D and 3-D imaging of skeletal tissues though there are important properties of bone, such as elasticity and speed of sound (SOS), that these techniques cannot measure. Ultrasound is capable of measuring such properties though current clinical ultrasound scanners cannot be used to image the interior morphology of bones because they fail to address the complicated physics involved for exact image reconstruction; bone is heterogeneous and composed of layers of both cortical and trabecular bone, which violates assumptions in conventional ultrasound imaging of uniform SOS. XACT, in conjunction with the time-reversal algorithm, is capable of generating precise reconstructions, and by combining elements of both X-ray and ultrasound imaging, XACT is potentially capable of obtaining more information than any single of these techniques at low radiation dose. This article highlights X-ray-induced acoustic detection through linear scanning of an ultrasound transducer and the time-reversal algorithm to produce the first-ever XACT image of a bone sample. The results of this study should prove to enhance the potential of XACT imaging in the evaluation of bone diseases for future clinical use.
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Montgomery K, Ander E, Tran T, Rakita V, Brann S, Toyoda Y, Hamad E. Survival Outcomes with Regards to Implant Strategies in Heart Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Kashem M, Tran T, Suryapalam M, Rakita V, Hamad E, Minakata K, Toyoda Y. Impact of Ventricular Assist Devices on Cardiac Transplant Recipient Survival Outcomes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Tran T, Kashem M, Kanaparthi J, Zhao H, Brann S, Leotta E, Minakata K, Yanagida R, Sunagawa G, Shigemura N, Toyoda Y. Lung Transplant Survival Regarding Past and Concomitant Cardiac Revascularization. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Abstract
Gut dysbiosis in diabetes mellitus is associated with decreased short-chain fatty acids and epithelial barrier disruption. Microbial-derived toxins move across the "leaky gut" and incur systemic inflammation and insulin resistance. In children, gut dysbiosis has been associated with risk of developing type 1 diabetes mellitus. In animal models, the obesity phenotype is transferable via microbiota transplantation. Plant-based low protein diets and certain anti-diabetic drugs have been associated with positive microbiome effects. Clinical trials with prebiotics and probiotics have yielded mixed results. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the gut microbiome as a potential therapeutic target for diabetes prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ling Lau
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA.
| | - Tiffany Tran
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA
| | - Connie M Rhee
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA
| | - Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh
- Harold Simmons Center for Kidney Disease Research and Epidemiology, Division of Nephrology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA
| | - Nosratola D Vaziri
- Division of Nephrology, University of California, Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA
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Owen AJ, Tran T, Hammarberg K, Kirkman M, Fisher JRW. Poor appetite and overeating reported by adults in Australia during the coronavirus-19 disease pandemic: a population-based study. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:275-281. [PMID: 32972479 PMCID: PMC7556905 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020003833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE As a result of the coronavirus-19 disease (COVID-19) pandemic, Australia adopted emergency measures on 22 March 2020. This study reports the effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on appetite and overeating in Australian adults during the first month of emergency measures. DESIGN This study reports analysis of data from the population-based, self-completed survey. The main outcome measure was an item from the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 asking: 'Over the past 2 weeks, how often have you been bothered by poor appetite or overeating?'. Data on sociodemographic factors, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and the impact of COVID-19 and lockdown were also collected. Multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations with poor appetite or overeating. SETTING An anonymous online survey available from 3 April to 2 May 2020. PARTICIPANTS A total of 13 829 Australian residents aged 18 years or over. RESULTS The weighted prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating in the past 2 weeks was 53·6 %, with 11·6 % (95 % CI 10·6, 12·6) of the cohort reporting poor appetite or overeating nearly every day. High levels of anxiety, concern about contracting COVID-19, being in lockdown with children and reporting a severe impact of the lockdown were associated with increased odds of poor appetite or overeating. CONCLUSIONS Given the widespread prevalence of being bothered by poor appetite or overeating, universal public health interventions to address emotion-focused or situational eating during periods of lockdown may be appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- AJ Owen
- Centre of Cardiovascular Research and Education in Therapeutics, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, Victoria3004, Australia
| | - T Tran
- Global and Women’s Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - K Hammarberg
- Global and Women’s Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - M Kirkman
- Global and Women’s Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - JRW Fisher
- Global and Women’s Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Tran T, Le N, Lo S, Rajaratnam R, Juergens C, Premawardhana U, Shalaby G, Dang V, Vijayarajan V, Al-Falahi Z, Burns A, Johnson R, Hu Q, Sechi R, Narayanan SS. Cardi Bot: A Natural Language Application That Answers Your Cardiology Questions. Heart Lung Circ 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2021.06.427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Oh H, Gosnell S, Nguyen T, Tran T, Kosten TR, Salas R. Cingulate Cortex Structural Alterations in Substance Use Disorder Psychiatric Inpatients. Am J Addict 2020; 30:72-79. [PMID: 33232571 DOI: 10.1111/ajad.13093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Substance use disorder (SUD) includes maladaptive patterns of substance use despite negative consequences. Previous structural neuroimaging studies showed some structural alterations in SUD, but it remains unknown whether these alterations are specifically associated with SUD or common comorbidities. This study attempts to validate the findings of structural differences between SUD, healthy controls (HC), and psychiatric controls (PC). METHODS We used HC (N = 86) matched for demographics, and PC (N = 86) matched for demographics and psychiatric diagnoses to a group of SUD patients (N = 86). We assessed the group differences of subcortical volumes, cortical volumes, thickness, and surface areas between SUD and HC. We then analyzed the group differences between SUD and PC within regions showing differences between SUD and HC. RESULTS SUD had smaller left nucleus accumbens, right thalamus, right hippocampus, left caudal anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) volume, and larger right caudal ACC volume, and right caudal ACC, right caudal middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) surface than HC. Increased right caudal ACC volume and right PCC surface in SUD were the only findings when compared with PC. Several areas showed thickness alterations between SUD and HC, but none survived multiple comparisons vs PC. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that cingulate structures may be altered in SUD compared with both HC and PC. SCIENTIFIC SIGNIFICANCE These results are among the first to indicate that some structural alterations may be SUD-specific, and highlight a cautionary note about using HC in psychiatric biomarker research. (Am J Addict 2021;30:72-79).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyuntaek Oh
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,The Menninger Clinic, Houston, Texas
| | - Savannah Gosnell
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | | | | | - Thomas R Kosten
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Ramiro Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,The Menninger Clinic, Houston, Texas.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.,Rice University, Houston, Texas.,Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, Texas
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gilteritinib is a multitargeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with a FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3) mutation. The pharmacokinetics of gilteritinib in the setting of severe renal impairment (creatinine clearance [CrCl] 15-29 mL/min utilizing Cockcroft-Gault method) and end-stage renal disease are unknown. Gilteritinib is primarily metabolized by the liver through the CYP3A4 enzyme and is eliminated in both the feces and urine. Its excretion is primarily through the fecal route, accounting for 64.5% of the recovered dose. Only about 16.4% of the recovered dose has been detected in the urine of human subjects. CASE REPORT We describe our patient case documenting the administration of gilteritinib in the setting of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and hemodialysis (HD).Management and Outcomes: Our patient was initiated on single agent gilteritinib 120 mg by mouth once daily for relapse FLT3-TDK positive AML. Treatment course was complicated by pancytopenia, neutropenic fever, and staphylococcus lugdunensis bacteremia requiring temporary interruption of therapy. DISCUSSION Given that gilteritinib is metabolized by the liver and eliminated primarily in the feces, one does not expect an increase in toxicity related to impaired renal function. Although this report describes the successful utilization of gilteritinib, caution should be exercised when administering in patient populations with end organ disease, and patient comorbidities should be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eris Tollkuci
- College of Pharmacy, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA.,Division of Pharmacy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Tiffany Tran
- College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rebecca Myers
- Division of Pharmacy, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Son J, Tran T, Yao M, Michener C. Factors associated with successful same-day discharge in patients undergoing minimally invasive hysterectomy for endometrial cancer and atypical complex hyperplasia. Gynecol Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.05.547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tran T, Obando M, Franke E, Chu F, Marra E, Slesinger T. 412 A Survey of the Perception of Emergency Medicine Residents and Attending Physicians on the Effect of Sign-Out on Safety and Efficiency. Ann Emerg Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2020.09.428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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McGill JB, Peters A, Buse JB, Steiner S, Tran T, Pompilio FM, Kendall DM. Comprehensive Pulmonary Safety Review of Inhaled Technosphere® Insulin in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus. Clin Drug Investig 2020; 40:973-983. [PMID: 32720187 PMCID: PMC7511468 DOI: 10.1007/s40261-020-00958-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective Technosphere® Insulin (TI), a human insulin powder for inhalation (Afrezza®; MannKind Corporation, Westlake Village, CA, USA), is an ultra-rapid-acting inhaled insulin indicated to improve postprandial glycemic control in patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T1DM or T2DM). Because TI is absorbed across the alveolar membrane, the objective of this analysis was to characterize its pulmonary safety. Methods Pooled data from 13 phase 2/3 clinical studies in 5505 patients with T1DM or T2DM treated with TI, Technosphere inhalation powder without insulin (TP; placebo), or active-comparator treatment were analyzed for incidences of respiratory treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), changes in pulmonary function, and lung malignancies. Radiographic changes in the lungs were monitored in a subset of 229 patients. Results Among 3017 patients receiving TI, the median duration of TI exposure was 168 days; median active-comparator and TP exposure durations were 363 and 149 days for 2198 and 290 patients, respectively. Respiratory TEAEs were comparable across treatments, except for a higher incidence of mild cough with TI in active-comparator studies (28.0% vs. 5.2%). Slight reversible declines in pulmonary function from baseline were observed for TI versus TP and active-comparator treatments, including in a subpopulation of patients with retrospectively identified lung dysfunction. Lung malignancies were reported in two patients on active TI therapy with a smoking history. No clinically significant changes from baseline were observed in radiographic images. Conclusions Pulmonary safety assessment of the TI inhalation system did not identify any safety issues in individuals with either T1DM or T2DM. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40261-020-00958-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet B McGill
- Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anne Peters
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John B Buse
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | | | - Frank M Pompilio
- MannKind Corporation, Westlake Village, CA, USA
- Arcutis Biotherapeutics, Inc, Westlake Village, CA, USA
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Basile K, Rahman H, Carter I, Donovan L, Kumar S, Tran T, Ko D, Alderson S, Sivaruban T, Eden JS, Rockett R, O'Sullivan MV, Sintchenko V, Chen SCA, Maddocks S, Dwyer DE, Kok J. Response. J Clin Virol 2020; 130:104484. [PMID: 32777760 PMCID: PMC7273136 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Basile
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia.
| | - H Rahman
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - I Carter
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - L Donovan
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - S Kumar
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - T Tran
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - D Ko
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - S Alderson
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - T Sivaruban
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - J-S Eden
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - R Rockett
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - M V O'Sullivan
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - V Sintchenko
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - S C-A Chen
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - S Maddocks
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - D E Dwyer
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
| | - J Kok
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, NSW Health Pathology-Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, The University of Sydney Westmead Hospital, Westmead NSW 2145 Australia
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Castor KJ, Shenoi S, Edminster SP, Tran T, King KS, Chui H, Pogoda JM, Fonteh AN, Harrington MG. Urine dicarboxylic acids change in pre-symptomatic Alzheimer's disease and reflect loss of energy capacity and hippocampal volume. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231765. [PMID: 32298384 PMCID: PMC7162508 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive biomarkers will enable widespread screening and early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We hypothesized that the considerable loss of brain tissue in AD will result in detection of brain lipid components in urine, and that these will change in concert with CSF and brain biomarkers of AD. We examined urine dicarboxylic acids (DCA) of carbon length 3–10 to reflect products of oxidative damage and energy generation or balance that may account for changes in brain function in AD. Mean C4-C5 DCAs were lower and mean C7-C10 DCAs were higher in the urine from AD compared to cognitively healthy (CH) individuals. Moreover, mean C4-C5 DCAs were lower and mean C7-C9 were higher in urine from CH individuals with abnormal compared to normal CSF amyloid and Tau levels; i.e., the apparent urine changes in AD also appeared to be present in CH individuals that have CSF risk factors of early AD pathology. In examining the relationship between urine DCAs and AD biomarkers, we found short chain DCAs positively correlated with CSF Aβ42, while C7-C10 DCAs negatively correlated with CSF Aβ42 and positively correlated with CSF Tau levels. Furthermore, we found a negative correlation of C7-C10 DCAs with hippocampal volume (p < 0.01), which was not found in the occipital volume. Urine measures of DCAs have an 82% ability to predict cognitively healthy participants with normal CSF amyloid/Tau. These data suggest that urine measures of increased lipoxidation and dysfunctional energy balance reflect early AD pathology from brain and CSF biomarkers. Measures of urine DCAs may contribute to personalized healthcare by indicating AD pathology and may be utilized to explore population wellness or monitor the efficacy of therapies in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. J. Castor
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - S. Shenoi
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - S. P. Edminster
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - T. Tran
- Clinical MR Unit, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - K. S. King
- Clinical MR Unit, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
| | - H. Chui
- Department of Neurology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States of America
| | - J. M. Pogoda
- Cipher Biostatistics & Reporting, Reno, NV, United States of America
| | - A. N. Fonteh
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ANF); (MGH)
| | - M. G. Harrington
- Neurosciences, Huntington Medical Research Institutes, Pasadena, CA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (ANF); (MGH)
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Buchanan C, Tran T, Riordan M, Coe G, Byrd J, Ambardekar A, Pal J, Cornwell W. Determinants of Oxygen Uptake (VO2) among Patients with CF-LVADs. J Heart Lung Transplant 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2020.01.1109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Yan S, Mojica J, Barbee D, Harrison L, Gamez M, Tam M, Concert C, Li Z, Culliney B, Jacobson A, Persky M, DeLacure M, Persky M, Tran T, Givi B, Hu K. De-escalation with Definitive Unilateral Neck Radiation for T3 or N2b/N3 p16+ Tonsil Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using Prospectively Defined Criteria. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.11.350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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