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Czerwińska ME, Bobińska A, Cichocka K, Buchholz T, Woliński K, Melzig MF. Cornus mas and Cornus officinalis-A Comparison of Antioxidant and Immunomodulatory Activities of Standardized Fruit Extracts in Human Neutrophils and Caco-2 Models. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10112347. [PMID: 34834710 PMCID: PMC8618406 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fruits of Cornus mas and Cornus officinalis are representative plant materials traditionally used in Europe and Asia, respectively, in the treatment of diabetes and diabetes-related complications, which are often mediated by pathogenic inflammatory agents. Additionally, due to the fact of mutual infiltration of Asian and European medicines, the differentiation as well as standardization of traditional prescriptions seem to be crucial for ensuring the quality of traditional products. The objective of this study was a comparison of biological activity of extracts from fruits of C. mas and C. officinalis by an assessment of their effect on reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in human neutrophils as well as cytokines secretion both in neutrophils (tumor necrosis factor α, TNF- α; interleukin 8, IL-8; interleukin 1β, IL-1β) and in human colon adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2 (IL-8). To evaluate the phytochemical differences between the studied extracts as well as to provide a method for standardization procedures, a quantitative analysis of iridoids, such as loganin, sweroside, and loganic acid, found in extracts of Cornus fruits was performed with HPLC-DAD. All standardized extracts significantly inhibited ROS production, whereas the aqueous-alcoholic extracts were particularly active inhibitors of IL-8 secretion by neutrophils. The aqueous-methanolic extract of C. officinalis fruit, decreased IL-8 secretion by neutrophils to 54.64 ± 7.67%, 49.68 ± 6.55%, 50.29 ± 5.87% at concentrations of 5, 50, and 100 µg/mL, respectively, compared to LPS-stimulated control (100%). The aqueous extract of C. officinalis fruit significantly inhibited TNF-α release by neutrophils at concentrations of 50 and 100 µg/mL. On the other hand, the aqueous-ethanolic extract of C. mas fruit showed the propensity to increase TNF-α and IL-1β secretion. The modulatory activity of the Cornus extracts was noted in the case of secretion of IL-8 in Caco-2 cells. The effect was comparable with dexamethasone. The content of loganin in aqueous and aqueous-methanolic extract of C. officinalis fruit was higher than in the aqueous-ethanolic extract of C. mas fruit, which was characterized by a significant quantity of loganic acid. In conclusion, the immunomodulatory effect observed in vitro may partially confirm the traditional use of Cornus fruits through alleviation of the development of diabetes-derived inflammatory complications. Loganin and loganic acid are significant markers for standardization of C. mas and C. officinalis fruit extracts, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Centre for Preclinical Research, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1B, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-221-166-185
| | - Agata Bobińska
- Student Scientific Association “Farmakon”, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (K.C.)
| | - Katarzyna Cichocka
- Student Scientific Association “Farmakon”, Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacogenomics, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.); (K.C.)
| | - Tina Buchholz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Konrad Woliński
- Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden, Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, Prawdziwka 2, 02-973 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Matthias F. Melzig
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (M.F.M.)
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Greyling A, Vlachou C, Ailoaei S, Buchholz T, Toth B, Ernst S. Catheter mapping and ablation during pregnancy. Herzschrittmacherther Elektrophysiol 2021; 32:164-173. [PMID: 33782753 DOI: 10.1007/s00399-021-00756-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A substantial number of pregnant women at some point experience cardiac arrhythmia, which is mostly treated by antiarrhythmic medication. In some instances, arrhythmias can be drug-resistant and pose a relevant risk to both mother and unborn child as they can result in hemodynamic compromise. In recent years, invasive electrophysiology procedures have been carried out with ever reducing exposure to ionising radiation, and multiple techniques have been established to achieve ZERO exposure. Of course, these techniques should all be applied when contemplating an invasive mapping and ablation procedure during pregnancy. The role of the cardio-obstetrics team in planning and performing such procedures is paramount. Careful assessment of the pregnant mother and her unborn child is mandatory. Only with good preparation is a complete understanding of both cardiac anatomy and physiology achievable, which is a pre-requisite of a successful ablation outcome. Various aspects of the ablation procedure itself are discussed and evaluated from the perspective of all team members involved, including the obstetrician, the anaesthetist and the electrophysiologist. This review aims to inform the reader about the techniques available and reports on the published outcomes for ablations during pregnancy in the last decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adele Greyling
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Sydney Street, SW3 6NP, London, UK
- Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Caterina Vlachou
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Stefan Ailoaei
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Sydney Street, SW3 6NP, London, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
| | | | - Bettina Toth
- Universitätsklinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, Department Frauenheilkunde, Medizinische Universitaet Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sabine Ernst
- Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospital, Sydney Street, SW3 6NP, London, UK.
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK.
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Siegień J, Buchholz T, Popowski D, Granica S, Osińska E, Melzig MF, Czerwińska ME. Pancreatic lipase and α-amylase inhibitory activity of extracts from selected plant materials after gastrointestinal digestion in vitro. Food Chem 2021; 355:129414. [PMID: 33773461 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A screening of inhibitory activity of α-amylase, as well as pancreatic lipase (PL), under the influence of aqueous and ethanolic preparations from 12 plant materials was performed. The most active aqueous extracts from the fruits of Chaenomeles japonica (CJ) and Hippophaë rhamnoides (HR) were selected for artificial gastrointestinal digestion (GID). The aim of this study was to evaluate the inhibitory effect of the fractions obtained after GID on PL and α-amylase activities using a fluorescence assay. The changes in the composition of crude extracts in GID aliquots were followed by analysis with HPLC-DAD-MSn method in order to indicate active constituents. The main constituents of CJ and HR extracts were procyanidins and isorhamnetin derivatives, respectively. The most abundant compounds of extracts were found in all compartments of the digestion model correlated with relevant lipase/α-amylase inhibitory activity. What is more, the gastric and intestinal fractions inhibited enzymatic activity by at least 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Siegień
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tina Buchholz
- Institute of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 2+4 Koenigin-Luise street, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Popowski
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Sebastian Granica
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Osińska
- Department of Vegetable and Medicinal Plants, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, 159 Nowoursynowska street, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthias F Melzig
- Institute of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 2+4 Koenigin-Luise street, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Monika E Czerwińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Centre for Preclinical Studies, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland.
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Franik S, Bauersachs R, Beyer-Westendorf J, Buchholz T, Bühling K, Diener HC, Erath A, Fischer R, Förderreuther S, Franz HBG, Hach-Wunderle V, Hadji P, Harlfinger W, Jaursch-Hancke C, König K, Krämer G, Naumann G, Neulen J, Oppelt PG, Pliefke J, Rimbach S, Rott H, Schroll E, Schumann C, Segerer S, Seyler H, Tempfer C, Thonke I, Toth B, Wildt L, Zotz R, Stute P, Kiesel L. Hormonal Contraception. Guideline of the DGGG, OEGGG and SGGG (S3 Level, AWMF Registry Number 015/015, January 2020). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2021; 81:152-182. [PMID: 33623171 DOI: 10.1055/a-1259-1609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims This is an official interdisciplinary guideline published and coordinated by the German Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (DGGG), the Austrian Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (OEGGG) and the Swiss Society for Gynecology and Obstetrics (SGGG). The guideline was developed for use in German-speaking regions and is backed by numerous professional societies and organizations. The aim of this guideline is to provide an evidence- and consensus-based overview of the diagnostic approach and the management of hormonal contraception based on a systematic evaluation of the relevant literature. Methods To compile this S3-guideline, a systematic search for evidence was carried out in PubMed and the Cochrane Library to adapt existing guidelines and identify relevant reviews and meta-analyses. A structured evaluation of the evidence was subsequently carried out on behalf of the Guidelines Commission of the DGGG, and a structured consensus was achieved based on consensus conferences attended by representative members from the different specialist societies and professions. Recommendations Evidence-based recommendations about the advice given to women requesting contraception were compiled. The guideline particularly focuses on prescribing contraceptives which are appropriate to women's individual needs, take account of her personal circumstances, and have few or no side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Franik
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
| | | | - Jan Beyer-Westendorf
- Medizinische Klinik 1, Bereich Hämatologie und Hämostaseologie, Universitätsklinikum Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Kai Bühling
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Gynäkologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Anke Erath
- Abteilung für Sexualaufklärung und Familienplanung, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Köln, Germany
| | - Ronald Fischer
- Innere Medizin, Hämostaseologie, Interdisziplinärer Schwerpunkt für Hämostaseologie, Universitätsklinikum Gießen, Gießen, Germany
| | - Stefanie Förderreuther
- Neurologische Klinik der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, LMU Klinikum, München, Germany
| | - Heiko B G Franz
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Klinikum Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Viola Hach-Wunderle
- Gefäßzentrum - Sektion Angiologie, Krankenhaus Nordwest, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Peymann Hadji
- Frankfurter Hormon- und Osteoporosezentrum, Frankfurt am Main & Philipps-Universität Marburg, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | | | - Klaus König
- Frauenärztliche Gemeinschaftspraxis Steinbach, Steinbach, Germany
| | | | - Gert Naumann
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Helios Klinik Erfurt, Erfurt, Germany
| | - Joseph Neulen
- Klinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie und Reproduktionsmedizin, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Patricia G Oppelt
- Frauenklinik der Universität Erlangen, Universität Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jutta Pliefke
- pro familia - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Familienplanung, Sexualpädagogik und Sexualberatung e. V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Rimbach
- Gynäkologie und Geburtshilfe, Krankenhaus Agatharied GmbH, Hausham, Germany
| | | | - Eckhard Schroll
- Abteilung für Sexualaufklärung und Familienplanung, Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA), Köln, Germany
| | | | - Sabine Segerer
- Facharzt-Zentrum für Kinderwunsch, Pränatale Medizin, Endokrinologie und Osteologie, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helga Seyler
- Familienplanungszentrum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Clemens Tempfer
- Universitäts-Frauenklinik der Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Marien Hospital Herne, Herne, Germany
| | - Ines Thonke
- pro familia - Deutsche Gesellschaft für Familienplanung, Sexualpädagogik und Sexualberatung e. V., Berlin, Germany
| | - Bettina Toth
- Universitätsklinik für Gynäkologische Endokrinologie u. Reproduktionsmedizin, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ludwig Wildt
- Klinik für Kardiologie und Angiologie, Marienhaus Klinikum Eifel, Klinikstandort Bitburg, Bitburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Zotz
- Institut für Laboratoriumsmedizin, Blutgerinnungsstörungen und Transfusionsmedizin (LBT), Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Petra Stute
- Universitätsklinik für Frauenheilkunde, Inselspital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ludwig Kiesel
- Klinik für Frauenheilkunde und Geburtshilfe, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster, Germany
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Truba J, Stanisławska I, Walasek M, Wieczorkowska W, Woliński K, Buchholz T, Melzig MF, Czerwińska ME. Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Fruits of Cornus alba, Cornus sanguinea subsp. hungarica and Cornus florida-A Comparative Study. Plants (Basel) 2020; 9:plants9010122. [PMID: 31963673 PMCID: PMC7020211 DOI: 10.3390/plants9010122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The fruits of some Cornus species (dogwoods) are used in traditional medicine and considered potential anti-diabetic and hypolipemic agents. The aim of the study was to determine the ability of extracts from Cornus alba (CA), Cornus florida (CF), and Cornus sanguinea (CS) to inhibit digestive enzymes namely α-amylase, pancreatic lipase, and α-glucosidase, as well as isolation of compounds from plant material with the strongest effect. In addition, the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of extracts from three dogwoods were compared with HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and DPPH scavenging assay, respectively. Among the aqueous-ethanolic extracts, the activity of α-amylase was the most strongly inhibited by the fruit extract of CA (IC50 = 115.20 ± 14.31 μg/mL) and the activity of α-glucosidase by the fruit of CF (IC50 = 38.87 ± 2.65 μg/mL). Some constituents of CA fruit extract, such as coumaroylquinic acid, kaempferol, and hydroxytyrosol derivatives, were isolated. Among the three species of dogwood studied, the greatest biological potential was demonstrated by CA extracts, which are sources of phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds. In contrast, iridoid compounds or flavonoid glycosides found in fruits of CF or CS extracts do not play a significant role in inhibiting digestive enzymes but exert antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Truba
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (J.T.); (M.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Iwona Stanisławska
- Department of Bromatology, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marta Walasek
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (J.T.); (M.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Wioleta Wieczorkowska
- Student Scientific Association, Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (J.T.); (M.W.); (W.W.)
| | - Konrad Woliński
- Polish Academy of Sciences Botanical Garden, Center for Biological Diversity Conservation in Powsin, 2 Prawdziwka Street, 02-973 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Tina Buchholz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 2 + 4 Koenigin-Luise street, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Matthias F. Melzig
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 2 + 4 Koenigin-Luise street, D-14195 Berlin, Germany; (T.B.); (M.F.M.)
| | - Monika E. Czerwińska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Molecular Basis of Phytotherapy, Medical University of Warsaw, 1 Banacha Street, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Mozola MA, Peng X, Wendorf M, Alles S, Artiga L, Buchholz T, Camacho A, Charveron N, Clayborn J, Decker C, Deibel C, Donohue T, Draughon A, Ewings J, Feldworth M, Gane P, Goodwin J, Gunter T, Gutierrez M, Hovland R, Jechorek R, Jones W, Keskinen L, Lamproe B, Larson E, Manwarren H, Merkling A, Osing C, Pangloli P, Remes A, Richter E, Rogers A, Rose B, Ryser E, Secraw S, Slupik M, Wessinger A, Westmoreland R, Yan Z, Zahoor T, Zhang L. Evaluation of the GeneQuence® DNA Hybridization Method in Conjunction with 24-Hour Enrichment Protocols for Detection of Salmonella spp. in Select Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/90.3.738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare performance of the GeneQuence® DNA hybridization (DNAH) method incorporating new 24 h enrichment protocols and reference culture procedures for detection of Salmonella spp. in select foods. Six food types (raw ground turkey, raw ground beef, dried whole egg, milk chocolate, walnuts, and dry pet food) were tested by the DNAH method and by the culture methods of either the U.S. Department of Agriculture-Food Safety and Inspection Service (USDA-FSIS) or the U.S. Food and Drug Administration's Bacteriological Analytical Manual (FDA/BAM). Fifteen laboratories participated in the study. Four of the foods tested (raw ground turkey, dried whole egg, milk chocolate, and dry pet food), showed no statistically significant differences in performance between the DNAH method and the reference procedure as determined by Chi square analysis. Sensitivity rates for the DNAH method ranged from 92 to 100. The DNAH method, with the specific enrichment protocol evaluated, was found to be ineffective for detection of Salmonella spp. in walnuts. For raw ground beef, results from one trial showed a statistically significant difference in performance, with more positives obtained by the reference method. However, evidence suggests that the difference in the number of positives was likely due to lack of homogeneity of the test samples rather than to DNAH method performance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuan Peng
- Neogen Corp., 620 Lesher Pl, Lansing, MI 48912
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Buchholz T. Abstract ES7-3: Indications for radiation treatments after neoadjuvant chemotherapy while awaiting the results of clinical trials. Cancer Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs18-es7-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Using systemic therapy prior to surgery has become an accepted standard for patients with lymph node-positive disease at presentation. Studies demonstrate that this approach can eradicate the disease in lymph nodes prior to local-regional interventions. This occurs particularly frequently for patients with HER2/neu-positive disease and to a relevant degree for those with triple negative disease. Patients with an excellent pathological response to treatment have improved outcomes compared to those with extensive residual disease. However, it is less clear whether local-regional therapies can be diminished or omitted in patients with an excellent pathological response. Accordingly, such questions are currently being investigated in phase III clinical trials.
Unfortunately, local-regional therapeutic trials require long-term outcome data, particularly for the endpoints of distant disease control and overall survival. Therefore, the ongoing studies addressing whether regional lymph node radiation can be omitted in selected patients after neoadjuvant chemotherapy will not provide clinically useful information in the near term. This is unfortunate because such questions arise with a high degree of frequency in oncology practices. This topic has also become increasingly important because completed clinical trials indicate that regional lymph node radiation combined with treatment of the chest wall/breast improves the outcome of patients with pathologically positive lymph node(s) and who are treated with surgery first followed by adjuvant systemic therapy.
While the sequencing of chemotherapy and surgery does not affect the risk of local-regional recurrence for populations of patients, it does affect an individual patient's risk. For example, patients with clinically stage II, lymph node-positive disease (who do not receive radiation) will have lower risk of local-regional recurrence if they achieve a pathological complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy compared to those with residual positive lymph nodes. This is also true for patients with clinical stage III disease, although patients with locally advance breast cancer have a high enough risk for local recurrence even with a complete pathological response to warrant adjuvant radiation.
Based on the data outlined above, the current standard outside the setting of clinical protocols is to recommend regional lymph node radiation with chest wall/breast radiation for all patients with residual positive lymph nodes after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and all patients who present with clinically stage III disease.
For patients with stage II disease who achieve a pathological complete response, the available evidence suggests that their predicted local regional recurrence risk without regional or postmastectomy radiation is 10% or less. Therefore the benefit from radiation is likely low and it is reasonable weigh out these small potential benefits in the context of associated treatment morbidities and costs. It is also important to further consider additional local-regional risk factors such as patient age, tumor biology, plans for prolonged systemic therapies, and other pathological factors at presentation in making radiation treatment decisions for such patients.
Citation Format: Buchholz T. Indications for radiation treatments after neoadjuvant chemotherapy while awaiting the results of clinical trials [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2018 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2018 Dec 4-8; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2019;79(4 Suppl):Abstract nr ES7-3.
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Świerczewska A, Buchholz T, Melzig MF, Czerwińska ME. In vitro α-amylase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity of Cornus mas L. and Cornus alba L. fruit extracts. J Food Drug Anal 2019; 27:249-258. [PMID: 30648578 PMCID: PMC9298612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Less-common fruits from Cornus spp. (Cornaceae), also named dogwoods, have shown antidiabetic, antibacterial and anti-allergic properties and are thus considered a source of phytochemicals that are beneficial to human health. The study aimed to compare the chemical compositions of the aqueous and ethanolic extracts of lyophilized fresh-picked and commercially available dried fruits of Cornus mas (Cm, cornelian cherry) and Cornus alba (Ca) fruits using HPLC-DAD-MS/MS method. Simultaneously, the a-amylase and pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitory activities of the prepared extracts were compared by in vitro fluorescence assay based on the kinetic hydrolysis of starch or oleate ester of 4-methylumbelliferone (MUO), respectively. Additionally, a bio-assay guided identification of compounds potentially responsible for the inhibition of pancreatic enzymes was performed. Iridoids (loganic acid, cornuside) and anthocyanins (pelargonidin 3-O-galactoside) were identified in the Cmfruit extracts. Flavonoids, such as quercetin and kaempferol derivatives, were detected in the Ca fruit extracts. The chromatographic separation of the constituents of Ca fruit provided a fraction containing phenolic acids derivatives, which inhibited PL activity by 69.9 ± 4.5% at a concentration of 7.5 μg·mL−1. The IC50 of hydroxytyrosol glucoside, isolated from the most active Ca fraction, was 0.99 ± 0.10 mg·mL−1 indicating other constituents responsible for the fraction activity. The most active subfraction from Cm fruit (7.5 μg·mL−1), which inhibited PL activity by 28.3 ± 1.5%, contained pelargonidin 3-O-galactoside. Loganic acid and cornuside in highly pure form did not inhibit lipase activity. The phytochemical constituents of Cm, and particularly of Ca fruit extracts, can inhibit pancreatic enzymes and thus might be considered effective preparations in the prevention and control of hyperlipidemia related diseases.
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Buchholz T, Görick C, Wolber G, Melzig MF. Pancreatic Lipase Inhibitors from Roselle – Natural Obesity Treatment. Am J Transl Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1608159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Buchholz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - C Görick
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - G Wolber
- Department of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - MF Melzig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universitaet Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Aierken A, Buchholz T, Chen C, Zhang X, Melzig MF. Hypoglycemic effect of hawthorn in type II diabetes mellitus rat model. J Sci Food Agric 2017; 97:4557-4561. [PMID: 28337770 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hawthorn is a popular herb in many different traditional medicine systems, including traditional Chinese medicine, where it has long been used for the treatment of hyperglycemia. However, most of its varied biological activities remain unexplored. This study investigated the hypoglycemic effect of hawthorn extracts in type II diabetic (T2DM) rat model. A total of 54 rats were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group; type II diabetic model group (T2DM; these rats were induced by high-fat diet and streptozotocin); high, middle and low concentrations of hawthorn treatment (HTH , HTM and HTL T2DM rats were given hawthorn extract at a dose of 50, 100 and 200 mg kg-1 body weight, respectively); and positive control group (orlistat 40 mg kg-1 body weight). RESULTS Triglyceride and total cholesterol serum levels were lower in the hawthorn extract-treated groups than in the T2DM control group (P < 0.01). Furthermore, hawthorn extracts decreased blood glucose level and increased plasma insulin release from pancreas. CONCLUSION Positive effects of hawthorn against streptozotocin-induced T2DM were demonstrated. This study suggests that hawthorn extract represents a useful agent for the prevention or treatment of T2DM. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Aierken
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development CIC, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Tina Buchholz
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development CIC, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Chen Chen
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development CIC, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development CIC, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Matthias F Melzig
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, Qinling-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development CIC, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Buchholz T, Melzig MF. Medicinal Plants Traditionally Used for Treatment of Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus - Screening for Pancreatic Lipase and α-Amylase Inhibition. Phytother Res 2015; 30:260-6. [PMID: 26632284 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/05/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to find new pancreatic lipase (PL) and α-amylase inhibitors from natural sources for the treatment of obesity and related diseases as diabetes mellitus II, 23 medicinal plants with weight-reducing, serum glucose-reducing or related potential were investigated. Methanolic and water extracts of the plants were evaluated by using two in vitro test systems. Our findings have shown that the methanolic extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa L. (Malvaceae) showed high inhibitory activities to PL (IC50 : 35.8 ± 0.8 µg/mL) and α-amylase (IC50 : 29.3 ± 0.5 µg/mL). Furthermore, the methanolic extract of Tamarindus indica L. (Leguminosae) showed a high anti-lipase (IC50 : 152.0 ± 7.0 µg/mL) and the aqueous extract a high anti-amylase (IC50 : 139.4 ± 9.0 µg/mL) activity. This work provides a priority list of interesting plants for further study with respect to the treatment of obesity and associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Buchholz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Abstract
Obesity and its associated diseases such as diabetes mellitus and coronary heart diseases are a major challenge for our society. An important target for the treatment of obesity includes the development of inhibitors of nutrient digestion and absorption. Inhibition of pancreatic lipase and the associated reduction of lipid absorption is an attractive approach for the discovery of potent agents. Currently, the only clinically approved pharmacologic agent as pancreatic lipase inhibitor is Orlistat. However, its usage is compromised by unpleasant gastrointestinal adverse reactions (oily stools, oily spotting, flatulence). The use of botanical materials as a potential source of new drugs is of increasing importance and application. Natural products that are interesting for obesity treatment are generally considered to have less toxic and side effects than totally synthetic drugs. One of the most important sources of potential pancreatic lipase inhibitors represents the class of polyphenols. This article summarizes most studied subclasses of polyphenols including flavonoids, hydroxycinnamic acids, hydroxybenzoic acids and lignans with pancreatic lipase inhibitory effects. A structural comparison of potent inhibitors shows an increased inhibitory effect depending on number and position of phenolic hydroxyl groups, degree of polymerization and elimination of glycosylation during digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Buchholz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Lin S, Zhang N, Godby J, Wang J, Marsh G, Liao Z, Komaki R, Ho L, Hofstetter W, Swisher S, Mehran R, Buchholz T, Elting L, Giordano S. OC-0124: IMRT or 3DCRT and cardiopulmonary mortality risk in the elderly with Eeophageal cancer. Radiother Oncol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(15)40122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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14
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Kentenich H, Dorn C, Buchholz T, Hilland U, Diedrich K. Umsetzung der PID-Verordnung in Deutschland. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10304-015-0695-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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15
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Heiliger KJ, Gutknecht D, Adelfalk C, Eder A, Bals-Pratsch M, Buchholz T. Increased enquiries for preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD). Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd 2014. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1388023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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16
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Dawood S, Lei X, Dent R, Gupta S, Sirohi B, Cortes J, Cristofanilli M, Buchholz T, Gonzalez-Angulo AM. Survival of women with inflammatory breast cancer: a large population-based study. Ann Oncol 2014; 25:1143-51. [PMID: 24669011 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdu121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our group has previously reported that women with inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) continue to have worse outcome compared with those with non-IBC. We undertook this population-based study to see if there have been improvements in survival among women with stage III IBC, over time. PATIENT AND METHODS We searched the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Registry to identify female patients diagnosed with stage III IBC between 1990 and 2010. Patients were divided into four groups according to year of diagnosis: 1990-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010. Breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared across groups using the log-rank test. Cox models were then fit to determine the association of year of diagnosis and BCSS after adjusting for patient and tumor characteristics. RESULTS A total of 7679 patients with IBC were identified of whom 1084 patients (14.1%) were diagnosed between 1990 and 1995, 1614 patients (21.0%) between 1996 and 2000, 2683 patients (34.9%) between 2001 and 2005, and 2298 patients (29.9%) between 2006 and 2010. The 2-year BCSS for the whole cohort was 71%. Two-year BCSS were 62%, 67%, 72%, and 76% for patients diagnosed between 1990-1995, 1996-2000, 2001-2005, and 2006-2010, respectively (P < 0.0001). In the multivariable analysis, increasing year of diagnosis (modeled as a continuous variable) was associated with decreasing risks of death from breast cancer (HR = 0.98, 95% confidence interval 0.97-0.99, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION There has been a significant improvement in survival of patients diagnosed with IBC over a two-decade time span in this large population-based study. This suggests that therapeutic strategies researched and evolved in the context of non-IBC have also had a positive impact in women with IBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dawood
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dubai Hospital, Dubai, UAE
| | - X Lei
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - R Dent
- Department of Medical Oncology, Singapore
| | - S Gupta
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - B Sirohi
- Department of Breast Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - J Cortes
- Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Cristofanilli
- Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia
| | | | - A M Gonzalez-Angulo
- Breast Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
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Reddy J, Dawood S, Mitchell M, Debeb B, Gonzalez-Angulo A, Sulman E, Buchholz T, Woodward W. Antiepileptic Drug Use Improves Overall Survival in Breast Cancer Patients With Brain Metastases in the Setting of Whole Brain Radiation Therapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2013.06.635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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18
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Buchholz T. Genetische Ursachen habitueller Aborte. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10304-012-0518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Heiliger KJ, Gutknecht D, Adelfalk C, Bals-Pratsch M, Buchholz T. P56 Array-based Preimplantation Genetic Diagnosis (PGD): first experiences. Reprod Biomed Online 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(12)60273-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Kim M, Dawood S, Allen P, Sahin A, Woodward W, Strom E, Hunt K, Meric-Bernstam F, Gonzalez-Angulo A, Buchholz T. Effect of Trastuzumab on Locoregional Recurrence in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer According to ER/PR Status. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2011.06.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Wang X, Zhang X, Amos R, Salehpour M, Zhang S, Sun T, Strom E, Buchholz T, Hoffman K, Woodward W. SU-E-T-776: External Beam Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Using Intensity Modulated Proton Therapy (IMPT). Med Phys 2011. [DOI: 10.1118/1.3612740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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22
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Woodward W, Truong P, Yu T, Tereffe W, Oh J, Perkins G, Strom E, Meric-Bernstam F, Gonzalez-Angulo A, Ragaz J, Buchholz T. Clinical Data Do Not Support the Hypothesis That Irradiation Promotes Biologically Aggressive Local Recurrences through Stromal Activation. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-4101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objective: Recent data in select pre-clinical models suggest that radiation can activate normal stroma to promote tumor metastases and aggressiveness. We hypothesized that if these were occurring clinically, there would be a lower survival after locoregional recurrence (LRR) in patients after post-mastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) compared to mastectomy (Mx) alone. This study used two independent datasets to compare survival after LRR in women treated with versus without PMRT.Methods: Data from 229 of 1,505 patients who experienced LRR after treatment on sequential non-randomized institutional prospective trials at the MD Anderson Cancer Center (MDA) and 66 of 318 patients enrolled in the British Columbia (BC) PMRT randomized trial who experienced LRR were analyzed. All patients underwent Mx and level I/II axillary dissection. In both data sets analysis was based on treatment received. Patients from MDA received doxorubicin based chemotherapy +/- PMRT, with 45 LRR after PMRT and 184 LRR after Mx alone). Patients treated on the BC trial received CMF chemotherapy +/- PMRT, with LRR in 14/160 after PMRT versus 52/158 after Mx alone. Survival was calculated from time of LRR to death using Kaplan-Meier and log rank statistics.Results:MDA Data: Median follow up of living patients was 192 months. Analyzing data from all patients with LRR regardless of distant metastasis (DM), patients with LRR after PMRT were younger (47 vs. 51 y, p = 0.033) and had shorter time to first LRR (40mo vs. 51 mo, p = 0.018). 5-yr/10-yr OS were 31%/16% without PMRT and 20%/7% after PMRT (p = 0.008). However, PMRT-treated patients had increased risk factors for DM (advanced T and N stage) and more PMRT-treated patients developed DM prior to LRR (58% vs. 36% p = 0.009). Analyzing only patients without DM there was no difference in OS between groups (p = 0.67), and a separate analysis of all patients who developed metastatic disease (N = 385 no PMRT, 233 after PMRT) revealed no difference in 5 or 10-yr OS after DR (15%/4% without PMRT vs. 13%/6% after PMRT, p = 0.5).BC Data: Median follow up of living patients was 235 months. The distributions of age, T stage, N stage, grade, LVI, ER status, excised nodes and nodal ratio were similar between patients with LRR after Mx alone vs. Mx plus PMRT. (all p > 0.05). The mean time to first LRR was 39 mo in patients treated with Mx alone and 57 mo in patients treated with PMRT, p= 0.27). The rate of DM was similar in patients with LRR after Mx with vs without PMRT (93% vs. 96%, p=0.60). Distant relapse free survival after LRR was similar in Mx alone vs. PMRT-treated patients (log rank p=0.75). Overall survival was also similar in the two groups (5-yr/10-yr OS 21%/8% without PMRT vs. 23%/12% with PMRT, log rank p=0.93).Conclusions: Decades of randomized data have demonstrated that PMRT reduces LRR and improves overall survival. In the non-randomized dataset, removing the competing risk of DM which is higher in patients selected for PMRT by studying patients with isolated LRR, we find no difference in survival after LRR in the PMRT setting. Analysis of the randomized PMRT trial dataset confirmed the finding of similar survival among women with LRR irrespective of PMRT use.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 4101.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Woodward
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - P. Truong
- 2British Columbia Cancer Agency, BC, Canada
| | - T. Yu
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - W. Tereffe
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - J. Oh
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - G. Perkins
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - E. Strom
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | | | | | - J. Ragaz
- 3McGill University Health Centre, QC, Canada
| | - T. Buchholz
- 1The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
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Dawood S, Ueno N, Valero V, Andreopoulou E, Hsu L, Lara J, Woodward W, Buchholz T, Hortobagyi G, Cristofanilli M. Brain Metastases in Women with Inflammatory Breast Cancer (IBC): Incidence, Treatment and Outcome. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Brain metastases are an uncommon metastatic recurrence site in breast cancer with a median incidence of approximately 6% in unselected populations. Inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is an aggressive disease associated with dismal outcome. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of and survival following brain metastases among women with IBC.Material and Methods: Two hundred and six women with newly diagnosed stage III or IV IBC diagnosed between the period of between 2003 and 2008 were identified in a prospectively maintained IBC database at the MD Anderson Cancer Center. Cumulative incidence of brain metastases was computed. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to explore factors that predict for the development of brain metastases. Survival was computed using the Kaplan-Meier product limit method.Results: Median follow-up was 20 months. Eighty three (40.3%) women had de-novo stage IV disease and 123 (59.7%) had stage III disease at diagnosis. Thirty-three (16%) patients developed brain metastases with a cumulative incidence at 1 and 3 years of 2.7% and 22% respectively. Eleven (5.3%) patients developed brain metastases as the first site of recurrence with cumulative incidence at 1 and 3 years of 1.6% and 6.7% respectively. In the multivariable model, no specific factor was observed to be significantly associated with time to brain metastases, including HER-2 status. Median overall survival for the whole cohort was not reached. 3-year overall survival for the whole cohort was 78% (95% CI 69%-86%). Median survival following a diagnosis of brain metastases for all women who developed brain metastases or those who developed brain metastases as the first site of recurrence was 6 months.Conclusion: In this single-institutional study, women with IBC demonstrated a high early incidence of brain metastases associated with poor survival. As such IBC may be an ideal cohort to target screening procedures for brain metastases and/or enrollment of these women in clinical trials evaluating additional adjuvant preventive strategies.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(24 Suppl):Abstract nr 2102.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dawood
- 1Dubai Hospital, United Arab Emirates
| | - N. Ueno
- 2UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - V. Valero
- 2UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | | | - L. Hsu
- 2UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
| | - J. Lara
- 2UT M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, TX,
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Dawood S, Gonzalez-Angulo AM, Woodward W, Meric-Bernstam F, Hunt K, Buzdar A, Hortobagyi G, Buchholz T. Value of adjuvant radiation therapy in breast cancer patients with one to three positive lymph nodes undergoing a modified radical mastectomy and systemic therapy. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
507 Background: Whether adjuvant radiation therapy should be utilized for patients (pts) with early stage breast cancer with up to 3 positive axillary lymph nodes treated with mastectomy and systemic therapy is controversial. This retrospective study was performed to determine if adjuvant radiation therapy had an impact on survival for this cohort of pts. Methods: 4240 pts with T1–2N0–1 breast cancers, diagnosed between 1980–2007, who underwent either mastectomy without adjuvant radiation therapy or segmental mastectomy with adjuvant radiation therapy were identified. All pts received systemic treatment. Women with >3 positive axillary lymph nodes were excluded. Overall (OS) and distant disease free survival (DDFS) were estimated using the Kaplan-Meir product method. Cox proportional hazards were used to determine associations between OS/DDFS and type of surgery after controlling for pt and disease characteristics. Results: 1336 (18.8%) had T1N0 disease, 1114 (26.27%) had T2N0 disease, 989 (23.33%) had T1N1 disease and 801 (18.89%) had T2N1 disease. Median follow-up was 54 months.5- year DDFS among women who underwent mastectomy and segmental mastectomy was 81% (95% 78%-83%) and 86% (95% CI 84%-87%), respectively (p < 0.0001). In the Cox analysis, pts who had mastectomy without radiation had a significantly increased risk of distant recurrence (HR= 1.39, 95% CI 1.14–1.70, p= 0.0013) than pts treated with segmental mastectomy and radiation. When looking at subgroups, no significant difference in DDFS was observed between the two groups in pts with lymph node negative disease. However, for pts with 1–3 positive lymph nodes, pts treated with mastectomy without radiation had significantly increased risk of distant recurrence compared to pts treated with segmental mastectomy with radiation (HR=1.614, 95% CI 1.198–2.177, p= 0.002). This difference was most pronounce in the subset of patients with T2N1 disease (HR= 1.794, 95% CI 1.220–2.637, p=0.003). Similar trends were observed for OS. Conclusions: This study provides provocative evidence for benefit of radiation therapy among pts with 1–3 positive axillary lymph nodes who are treated with surgery and systemic therapy. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Dawood
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - A. M. Gonzalez-Angulo
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - W. Woodward
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - F. Meric-Bernstam
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - K. Hunt
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - A. Buzdar
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - G. Hortobagyi
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - T. Buchholz
- University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX; Dubai Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Nagar H, Mittendorf EA, Strom EA, Perkins G, Oh JL, Tereffe W, Woodward W, Gonzalez-Angulo A, Hunt K, Buchholz T, Yu T. Local-regional recurrence with and without radiation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy for T3N0 breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2009. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Abstract #74
Purpose: The goal of this study was to compare the local-regional recurrence (LRR) risk in patients with clinical T3N0 breast cancer who were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NeoChemo) and mastectomy (Mastx) according to the use of adjuvant radiation (RT).
 Methods: Clinicopathologic data from 164 patients with clinical T3N0 breast cancer who received NeoChemo and Mastx from 1985 to 2004 were retrospectively reviewed. In this cohort, 121 (74%) patients received adjuvant radiation (RT) while 43 (26%) patients did not. The median number of axillary lymph nodes (LN) dissected was 15. After NeoChemo, 54% of patients (n=89) had no pathologically involved lymph nodes at the time of surgery (ypLN-) while 46% (n=75) had at least 1 lymph node pathologically positive (ypLN+). Actuarial rates were calculated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and compared using log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards models were fit to determine the association of RT with the risk of LRR after adjustment for other patient and disease characteristics.
 Results: At a median follow-up of 77 months, 17 of the 164 patients had a LRR. For all patients, the 5-year local-regional control rates (5-yr LRC) were 90%. The 5-yr LRC for those who received RT (n=121) was 95% and for those who did not received RT (n=43) was 76% (p = 0.002), with a higher proportion of the patients who received RT having pathologically involved LN (+RT 53% vs –RT 23%, p=0.002).
 Among the entire cohort, the 5-yr LRC was 85% for patients with ypLN+ disease and 94% for patients with ypLN- disease (p=0.093). In patients with ypLN+, the 5-yr LRC with no RT (n=11) was 47% and with RT (n=64) was 92% (p<0.001). In patients with ypLN-, the 5-yr LRC with no RT (n=32) was 86% and with RT (n=57) was 98% (p=0.063). Patients who had tumors with high nuclear grade had worse 5-yr LRC (Grade low 100%, intermediate 97%, high 81%, p=0.023). The presence of lymphovascular invasion, close/positive margin, or estrogen receptor status did not statistically correlate with LRC. In a Cox regression model, patients with tumor exhibiting high nuclear grade (Hazard Ratio (HR) 5.0, 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.6-15.4), ypLN+ (HR 6.6, 95% CI 2.0-22.1) and no adjuvant RT (HR 7.6, 95% CI 2.4-24.0) had increased risk of LRR.
 Conclusions: Post mastectomy adjuvant RT appears to improve LRC in clinical T3N0 breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy.
Citation Information: Cancer Res 2009;69(2 Suppl):Abstract nr 74.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nagar
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - EA Mittendorf
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - EA Strom
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - G Perkins
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - JL Oh
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - W Tereffe
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - W Woodward
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - A Gonzalez-Angulo
- 3 Department of Breast Medical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - K Hunt
- 2 Department of Surgical Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - T Buchholz
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - T Yu
- 1 Department of Radiation Oncology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Wang X, Yu T, Salehpour M, Zhang S, Liang T, Buchholz T. Breast Cancer Regional Radiation Fields for Supraclavicular (SC) and Axillary (AX) Lymph Nodes Treatment: Is a Posterior Axillary Boost Field Technique Optimal? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2008.06.1500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Klehr-Martinelli M, Seifert B, Bals-Pratsch M, Buchholz T. 4.004 New approaches in polar body analysis. Reprod Biomed Online 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1472-6483(10)61387-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Pinder MC, Chang H, Broglio KR, Michaud LB, Theriault RL, Sahin A, Buchholz T, Hortobagyi GN, Esteva FJ. Trastuzumab treatment and the risk of central nervous system (CNS) metastases. J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1018 Background: In the era of trastuzumab, HER2-positive breast cancer confers an increased risk of central nervous system (CNS) metastases. While several studies have examined CNS metastases in trastuzumab-treated patients, data are sparse regarding CNS metastases in trastuzumab-naïve HER2-positive patients. We evaluated time to CNS metastasis, death, and death subsequent to brain metastasis in relation to trastuzumab treatment. Methods: The study population included 750 patients diagnosed with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (HER2+ MBC) between June 1977 and January 2006. The association between trastuzumab treatment and the outcomes of time to CNS metastasis and time to death following CNS metastasis were determined using Cox proportional hazards models that included trastuzumab treatment as a time-dependent covariate. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models were fit to determine the association between trastuzumab treatment and outcomes after adjustment for known prognostic factors. Patients with HER2+ MBC treated at our institution before trastuzumab was available served as our control group. Results: Of the 750 patients included, 689 patients received trastuzumab during the follow-up period while 61 patients were not treated with trastuzumab. Median follow-up was 32 months. A total of 251 patients developed CNS metastases. After adjusting for other prognostic variables including age, ER status, PR status, pathological stage, and site of initial metastasis, patients who received trastuzumab had 2.84 times the risk of CNS metastases (95 % CI = 1.87, 4.30, p < 0.0001) compared to patients who did not receive trastuzumab. Time to death following brain metastasis did not differ significantly between trastuzumab- treated and -untreated patients. Conclusions: In our large series, patients with HER2+ MBC treated with trastuzumab were at significantly increased risk of developing CNS metastases compared to patients who did not receive trastuzumab. This finding warrants further investigation into biological mechanisms that may account for this difference. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. C. Pinder
- Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - H. Chang
- Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | - A. Sahin
- Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - T. Buchholz
- Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | | | - F. J. Esteva
- Univ of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
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Khakpour N, Lucci A, Yi M, Meric-Bernstam F, Kuerer HM, Babiera GV, Ross MI, Buchholz T, Garg A, Hunt KK. Sentinel lymph node dissection provides similar local-regional control compared to axillary dissection in patients with node negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 2005. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2005.23.16_suppl.588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- N. Khakpour
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - A. Lucci
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - M. Yi
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | | | - H. M. Kuerer
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - G. V. Babiera
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - M. I. Ross
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - T. Buchholz
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - A. Garg
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
| | - K. K. Hunt
- Univ of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Ctr, Houston, TX
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Homann K, Gates B, Salehpour M, Followill D, Kirsner S, Buchholz T, White R, Prado K. SU-FF-T-196: Evaluation of the Dose Within the Abutment Region Between Tangential and Supraclavicular Fields for Various Breast Irradiation Techniques. Med Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1118/1.1997924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Rogenhofer N, Buchholz T, Toth B, Thaler CJ. Rezidivierende Spontanaborte (RSA) bei hereditärer Thrombophilie. Gynäkologische Endokrinologie 2005. [DOI: 10.1007/s10304-004-0098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Buchholz T, Lohse P, Kosian E, Thaler CJ. Vasoconstrictively acting AT1R A1166C and NOS3 4/5 polymorphisms in recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Am J Reprod Immunol 2004; 51:323-8. [PMID: 15212666 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0897.2004.00163.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Inadequate uteroplacental perfusion is one of the main reasons for recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Coagulation, fibrinolysis, and vasoconstriction affect tissue perfusion. These systems are regulated by different gene products. Polymorphisms can modulate the expression levels of the respective genes and can thereby affect perfusion. Vasoconstriction is influenced by the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and of the angiotensinogen II type 1 receptor (AT1R). METHOD The aim of our study was to investigate, whether two polymorphisms in the AT1R and NOS3 genes shown to result in maternal vasoconstriction are associated with an increased risk for RSA. RESULTS Our data indicate that the vasoconstrictively acting genotypes AT1R C/C and NOS3 4/4 are of similar prevalence in RSA patients and in controls. CONCLUSION Results do not show any influence of the polymorphisms studied on early pregnancy development. This is in concordance with the concept of an independent regulation of placental perfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Buchholz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Grosshadern, Klinikum der Universität München, Germany
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Buzdar AU, Hunt K, Smith T, Francis D, Ewer M, Booser D, Singletary E, Buchholz T, Sahin A, Hortobagyi GN. Significantly higher pathological complete remission (PCR) rate following neoadjuvant therapy with trastuzumab (H), paclitaxel (P), and anthracycline-containing chemotherapy (CT): Initial results of a randomized trial in operable breast cancer (BC) with HER/2 positive disease. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - K. Hunt
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - T. Smith
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - D. Francis
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - M. Ewer
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - D. Booser
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | | | | | - A. Sahin
- M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
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Buchholz T, Lohse P, Rogenhofer N, Kosian E, Pihusch R, Thaler CJ. Polymorphisms in the ACE and PAI-1 genes are associated with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages. Hum Reprod 2004; 18:2473-7. [PMID: 14585904 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deg474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Successful pregnancies require fine tuning of fibrinolytic activities in order to secure fibrin polymerization and stabilization of the placental basal plate as well as to prevent excess fibrin deposition in placental vessels and intervillous spaces. Fibrinolysis is tightly regulated by plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). Endothelial PAI-1 synthesis is induced by angiotensin II, which is generated by angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE). METHODS We studied the ACE deletion (D)/insertion (I) polymorphism and the PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism in women with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages (RM). Both polymorphisms have been shown to be associated with ACE and PAI-1 expression levels respectively. A study group of 184 patients with a history of two or more consecutive unexplained spontaneous miscarriages was compared with a control group of 127 patients with uneventful term deliveries and no history of miscarriages. RESULTS Our findings show: (i) homozygosity for the D allele of the ACE gene, which results in elevated PAI-1 concentrations and hypofibrinolysis, is associated with an elevated risk of RM; (ii) the combination of the D/D genotype with two 4G alleles of the PAI-1 promoter, which further increases PAI-1 plasma levels, is significantly more frequent in RM patients compared with controls. CONCLUSIONS Based on these results, we recommend the incorporation of these two polymorphisms into the spectrum of thrombophilic mutations which should be analysed in individuals with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages. Patients homozygous for both the ACE D and PAI-1 4G alleles may benefit from the application of low molecular weight heparin as early as possible in the pregnancy in order to prevent uteroplacental microthromboses.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Buchholz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grosshadern Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
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Shen J, Valero V, Buchholz T, Singletary SE, Hunt K, Ross M, Cristofanilli M, Babiera GV, Meric-Bernstam F, Kuerer HM. Breast conservation therapy in T4 locally advanced breast cancer: Effective local control with long-term survival. Ann Surg Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02524049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Huang E, Tucker S, Strom E, McNeese M, Kuerer H, Hortobagyi G, Buzdar A, Valero V, Perkins G, Hunt K, Sahin A, Buchholz T. Radiation treatment improves local-regional control and survival in patients with locally advanced breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy and mastectomy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(03)01064-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Stevens C, Ismail S, Prithivirajsingh S, Buchholz T, Story M. Radiosensitivity can be predicted by DNA-end binding complex analysis. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(03)01010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
The development of thrombotic disorders is a major threat for young women during pregnancy. It is one of the main causes of pregnancy-related disorders, which may also result in harm for the conceptus. Successful pregnancies require an even balance of coagulation and fibrinolysis, in order to secure stabilization of the basal plate as well as adequate placental perfusion. Thrombophilia is a laboratory definition for pre-disposing factors of thrombosis, which can be inherited or acquired. Many individuals, who carry a thrombotic defect remain asymptomatic, at least until additional boosting factors arise. The documentation of thrombophilic causes of recurrent miscarriage or pregnancy-related disorders is important, because of availability of effective early treatment. There is a rapidly growing awareness on the relationship of genetic factors influencing hemostasis and pregnancy-related disorders. The aim of our review is to summarize this knowledge, focusing on common genetic variations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Buchholz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, LMU University Hospital München-Grosshadern, Munich, Germany
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Woodward W, Katz A, Buchholz T, McNeese M, Perkins G, Jhingran A, Strom E. Patterns and predictors of locoregional recurrence in 469 patients treated with post-mastecomy radiation. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0360-3016(02)03214-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Clement-Sengewald A, Buchholz T, Schütze K, Berg U, Berg ED. Noncontact, laser-mediated extraction of polar bodies for prefertilization genetic diagnosis. J Assist Reprod Genet 2002; 19:183-94. [PMID: 12036086 PMCID: PMC3455650 DOI: 10.1023/a:1014894029099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested an entirely noncontact polar body-extraction method using an ultraviolet laser beam for laser zona drilling and a near infrared laser beam for polar body (PB) trapping and extraction. METHODS A hole was drilled into the zona pellucida of an oocyte. Then, the PB was trapped with optical tweezers and dragged through the drilled hole. RESULTS Bovine first PBs could be extracted in 49 out of 63 oocytes (78%) using this method. In human oocytes, PB extraction was successfully demonstrated, which however was more time consuming. A number of extracted PBs were dried on a special membrane, circumcised with the laser microbeam, and successfully catapulted into the lid of a microfuge tube (laser pressure catapulting). CONCLUSIONS This solely laser-mediated extraction method allows convenient procurement of PBs without the danger of contamination and is a promising approach that might replace standard micromanipulation methods in the future.
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Pihusch R, Buchholz T, Lohse P, Rübsamen H, Rogenhofer N, Hasbargen U, Hiller E, Thaler CJ. Thrombophilic gene mutations and recurrent spontaneous abortion: prothrombin mutation increases the risk in the first trimester. Am J Reprod Immunol 2001; 46:124-31. [PMID: 11506076 DOI: 10.1111/j.8755-8920.2001.460202.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Thrombophilic predisposition may be one of the underlying causes of recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). We studied the prevalence of five thrombophilic gene mutations in patients with RSA. METHOD OF STUDY 102 patients with two or more consecutive abortions and 128 women without miscarriage were analyzed for factor V Leiden mutation (FVL), prothrombin G20210A mutation (PTM), C677T mutation in the 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, glycoprotein IIIa (GPIIIa) C1565T polymorphism, and beta-fibrinogen G-455A polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques. RESULTS No differences in the prevalence of FVL, MTHFR T/T, GPIIIa and 1-fibrinogen polymorphism were detected. Heterozygous PTM occurred more often in patients with RSA. This effect was significant in a subgroup with abortions exclusively in the first trimester (6.7%, vs. 0.8%, P = 0.027, OR 8.5). CONCLUSIONS In contrast to the other mutations and polymorphisms, heterozygous PTM is more common in patients with abortions in the first trimester. This might reflect an influence of PTM on pathogenesis of early pregnancy loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Pihusch
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Klinikum der Universität München-Gosshadern, Munich, Germany
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Abstract
The genetic status of oocytes can be determined by polar body (PB) analysis. Following PB extraction, a genetic evaluation is performed. As each PB contains the complementary genetic material of the oocyte, PB analysis reveals information about its genetic status. Genetically altered oocytes may then be excluded from in vitro fertilization. The aim of our study was to evaluate laser microdissection as a tool for PB extraction purposes. Compared to the PB extraction with a sharp-ending pipette only, we could show that laser microdissection of the zona pellucida (laser zona drilling) with a UV-A laser and subsequent extraction with a blunt-ending pipette decreases the degeneration rate of oocytes. It is shown that laser pressure catapulting of extracted PB enables their contact-free transfer into tubes, thus decreasing the risk of contamination for further analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Clement-Sengewald
- I. Frauenklinik der Universität, Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.
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Runte M, Färber C, Lich C, Zeschnigk M, Buchholz T, Smith A, Van Maldergem L, Bürger J, Muscatelli F, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Horsthemke B, Buiting K. Comprehensive methylation analysis in typical and atypical PWS and AS patients with normal biparental chromosomes 15. Eur J Hum Genet 2001; 9:519-26. [PMID: 11464243 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ejhg.5200661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2001] [Revised: 03/30/2001] [Accepted: 04/02/2001] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Imprinting defects in 15q11-q13 are a rare but significant cause of Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS). Patients with an imprinting defect have apparently normal chromosomes 15 of biparental origin, but are recognised by @parental DNA methylation at D15S63 (PW71) or SNURF-SNRPN exon 1. We have investigated the methylation status of five additional loci in 12 such patients with or without a deletion in the imprinting centre. In each patient, the imprinting defect affected all loci tested. During routine diagnostic testing we identified four patients who had a normal methylation pattern at SNURF-SNRPN exon 1, but an abnormal pattern at D15S63. In two of these patients, who were suspected of having PWS, this change was restricted to D15S63. In two patients suspected of having AS, several but not all loci were affected. Using a newly developed methylation-specific PCR test for D15S63 we found that these methylation changes are rare in patients suspected of having AS. Although we can not prove that the methylation changes in the four patients are causally related to their disease, our findings demonstrate that spatially restricted changes in methylation can occur. In some cases, these changes may reflect incomplete imprint spreading.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Runte
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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Buchholz T, Molitor G, Lukong KE, Praun M, Genzel-Boroviczény O, Freund M, Pshezhetsky AV, Schulze A. Clinical presentation of congenital sialidosis in a patient with a neuraminidase gene frameshift mutation. Eur J Pediatr 2001; 160:26-30. [PMID: 11195014 DOI: 10.1007/pl00008412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Congenital sialidosis is a rare lysosomal storage disease caused by a primary neuraminidase deficiency which results from defects in the neuraminidase gene on chromosome 6p. The inheritance is autosomal recessive. Patients exhibit excessive urinary excretion of bound sialic acid and decreased or undetectable amounts of neuraminidase activity in various tissues. The clinical expression is variable, but ascites and hepatosplenomegaly are hallmarks of the disease. Skeletal abnormalities, facial dysmorphism and inguinal herniae have been described in most of the few reported cases. We describe a baby girl with biochemically proven sialidosis, who in addition to the above clinical features, had severely dilated coronary arteries, excessive retinal vascular tortuosity and an erythematous, macular rash. Homozygosity for a frameshift mutation at residue 623 of the neuraminidase cDNA was found. We speculate that the additional features found in our patient might be associated with the here described genotype of congenital sialidosis. CONCLUSION Severely dilated coronary arteries, excessive retinal vascular tortuosity and an erythematous macular rash might be associated features of congenital sialidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Buchholz
- Klinikum Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximulian-University, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, München, Germany.
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Newman LA, Hunt KK, Buchholz T, Kuerer HM, Vlastos G, Mirza N, Ames FC, Ross MI, Singletary SE. Presentation, management and outcome of axillary recurrence from breast cancer. Am J Surg 2000; 180:252-6. [PMID: 11113430 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9610(00)00456-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The impact of axillary node dissection on breast cancer survival is unclear. Limited axillary surgery has been proposed but may increase regional recurrence rates. Optimal management for axillary recurrence is poorly understood. METHODS Axillary recurrences were initial treatment failure sites in 44 of 4,255 breast cancer patients (1%) seen at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1982 to 1992. RESULTS Twenty-one patients (48%) had early stage disease (0, I, II) at diagnosis. With 70.8 months median follow-up, complete control of axillary recurrence was achieved in 31 patients (71%). Distant metastases developed in 50% and were more likely with uncontrolled axillary recurrences. Failure to receive multimodality therapy and failure to undergo surgery for the recurrence correlated with resistant axillary disease. CONCLUSIONS Axillary recurrence from breast cancer is uncommon but may follow any stage of disease. One half of affected patients develop distant metastases. Durable disease control is best achieved with multimodality therapy including a surgery component.
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Affiliation(s)
- L A Newman
- Department of Surgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
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46
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Lukong KE, Elsliger MA, Chang Y, Richard C, Thomas G, Carey W, Tylki-Szymanska A, Czartoryska B, Buchholz T, Criado GR, Palmeri S, Pshezhetsky AV. Characterization of the sialidase molecular defects in sialidosis patients suggests the structural organization of the lysosomal multienzyme complex. Hum Mol Genet 2000; 9:1075-85. [PMID: 10767332 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/9.7.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialidosis is an autosomal recessive disease caused by the genetic deficiency of lysosomal sialidase, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of sialoglycoconjugates. The disease is associated with progressive impaired vision, macular cherry-red spots and myoclonus (sialidosis type I) or with skeletal dysplasia, Hurler-like phenotype, dysostosis multiplex, mental retardation and hepatosplenomegaly (sialidosis type II). We have analyzed the genomic DNA from nine sialidosis patients of multiple ethnic origin in order to find mutations responsible for the enzyme deficiency. The activity of the identified variants was studied by transgenic expression. One patient had a frameshift mutation (G623delG deletion), which introduced a stop codon, truncating 113 amino acids. All others had missense mutations: G679G-->A (Gly227Arg), C893C-->T (Ala298Val), G203G-->T (Gly68Val), A544A-->G (Ser182Gly) C808C-->T (Leu270Phe) and G982G-->A (Gly328Ser). We have modeled the three-dimensional structure of sialidase based on the atomic coordinates of the homologous bacterial sialidases, located the positions of mutations and estimated their potential effect. This analysis showed that five mutations are clustered in one region on the surface of the sialidase molecule. These mutations dramatically reduce the enzyme activity and cause a rapid intralysosomal degradation of the expressed protein. We hypothesize that this region may be involved in the interface of sialidase binding with lysosomal cathepsin A and/or beta-galactosidase in their high-molecular-weight complex required for the expression of sialidase activity in the lysosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- K E Lukong
- Service de Génétique Médicale, Hôpital Sainte-Justine, 3175 Côte Ste-Catherine and Département de Pédiatrie, Faculté de Médicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec H3T 1C5, Canada
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47
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Clement-Sengewald A, Schutze K, Buchholz T, Berg U, Berg F. R-165. Laser-assisted, non-contact extraction of polar bodies for preimplantation diagnosis. Hum Reprod 1999. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/14.suppl_3.352-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Buchholz T, Jackson J, Robson L, Smith A. Evaluation of methylation analysis for diagnostic testing in 258 referrals suspected of Prader-Willi or Angelman syndromes. Hum Genet 1998; 103:535-9. [PMID: 9860294 DOI: 10.1007/s004390050866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and Angelman syndrome (AS) are distinct neurodevelopmental disorders with interrelated genetic mechanisms because genomic imprinting within the chromosome 15q11-13 region affects both the PWS and the AS locus. Methylation analysis is one method of distinguishing between the maternally and paternally inherited chromosome 15. Here we present clinical and molecular data on a large series of 258 referred patients, evaluated with methylation analysis: 115 with suspected PWS and 143 with suspected AS. In these patients, the clinical phenotype was graded into three groups: classical (group 1); not classical but possible (group 2); not classical and unlikely (group 3). For PWS, a fourth group consisted of hypotonic babies. DNA methylation analysis confirmed the diagnosis of PWS in 30 patients (26%) and AS in 28 patients (20%). For 21 PWS patients the mechanism was established: 15 had deletions, 4 had uniparental disomy (UPD) and 2 a presumed imprinting defect. Clinically all those with an abnormal methylation pattern had the classical phenotype and none of those with a normal methylation pattern had classical PWS. For 23 AS patients in whom a mechanism was established, 17 had a deletion, 3 had UPD and 3 had a presumed imprinting defect. There was greater clinical overlap in AS, with 26 classical AS patients having a normal methylation pattern while an abnormal methylation pattern was seen in one patient from group 2. In addition, there were a further 40 patients with a normal methylation pattern in whom AS was still a possible diagnosis. Our conclusion is that methylation analysis provides an excellent screening test for both syndromes, providing approximately 99% diagnosis for PWS and for AS, a 75% diagnostic rate, supplemented for the remaining 25% with an essential basic starting point to further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Buchholz
- Department of Cytogenetics, Royal Alexandra Hospital for Children, Parramatta, NSW, Australia
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Abstract
Rett syndrome and Angelman syndrome are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by severe intellectual disability, microcephaly, speech disturbance, movement disorders with gait and/or truncal ataxia, and occasionally a similar facial appearance. Both conditions can be difficult to diagnose in girls early in their clinical course and can be difficult to distinguish from each other. Genomic imprinting is a known association in Angelman syndrome and previously has been suggested in Rett syndrome. Our aim was to evaluate the methylation status in a cohort of classical patients with Rett syndrome, using a methylation system for chromosome 15q11-13. Methylation analysis of chromosome 15 has not been previously reported in Rett syndrome. Furthermore, we document the clinical features of 31 girls with classical Rett syndrome and confirm the phenotypic similarities between Rett syndrome and Angelman syndrome. The methylation studies in these girls with Rett syndrome were normal. This excludes an imprinting error of the Angelman syndrome critical region on chromosome 15 (15q11-13) as an association with Rett syndrome, and indicates that methylation studies may be useful in distinguishing Rett syndrome from Angelman syndrome in young patients with an overlapping clinical phenotype. A normal methylation pattern, however, does not exclude the diagnosis of Angelman syndrome and clear distinction between the two syndromes will evolve over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ellaway
- Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Buiting K, Dittrich B, Gross S, Lich C, Färber C, Buchholz T, Smith E, Reis A, Bürger J, Nöthen MM, Barth-Witte U, Janssen B, Abeliovich D, Lerer I, van den Ouweland AM, Halley DJ, Schrander-Stumpel C, Smeets H, Meinecke P, Malcolm S, Gardner A, Lalande M, Nicholls RD, Friend K, Schulze A, Matthijs G, Kokkonen H, Hilbert P, Van Maldergem L, Glover G, Carbonell P, Willems P, Gillessen-Kaesbach G, Horsthemke B. Sporadic imprinting defects in Prader-Willi syndrome and Angelman syndrome: implications for imprint-switch models, genetic counseling, and prenatal diagnosis. Am J Hum Genet 1998; 63:170-80. [PMID: 9634532 PMCID: PMC1377255 DOI: 10.1086/301935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) and the Angelman syndrome (AS) are caused by the loss of function of imprinted genes in proximal 15q. In approximately 2%-4% of patients, this loss of function is due to an imprinting defect. In some cases, the imprinting defect is the result of a parental imprint-switch failure caused by a microdeletion of the imprinting center (IC). Here we describe the molecular analysis of 13 PWS patients and 17 AS patients who have an imprinting defect but no IC deletion. Heteroduplex and partial sequence analysis did not reveal any point mutations of the known IC elements, either. Interestingly, all of these patients represent sporadic cases, and some share the paternal (PWS) or the maternal (AS) 15q11-q13 haplotype with an unaffected sib. In each of five PWS patients informative for the grandparental origin of the incorrectly imprinted chromosome region and four cases described elsewhere, the maternally imprinted paternal chromosome region was inherited from the paternal grandmother. This suggests that the grandmaternal imprint was not erased in the father's germ line. In seven informative AS patients reported here and in three previously reported patients, the paternally imprinted maternal chromosome region was inherited from either the maternal grandfather or the maternal grandmother. The latter finding is not compatible with an imprint-switch failure, but it suggests that a paternal imprint developed either in the maternal germ line or postzygotically. We conclude (1) that the incorrect imprint in non-IC-deletion cases is the result of a spontaneous prezygotic or postzygotic error, (2) that these cases have a low recurrence risk, and (3) that the paternal imprint may be the default imprint.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Buiting
- Institut für Humangenetik, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
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