1
|
Apirajkamol NB, Hogarty TM, Mainali B, Taylor PW, Walsh TK, Tay WT. Virulence of Beauveria sp. and Metarhizium sp. fungi towards fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:328. [PMID: 37676308 PMCID: PMC10495518 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03669-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The development of effective pest management strategies for Spodoptera frugiperda is a high priority for crop protection across its invasive ranges. Here, we examined six Beauveria and five Metarhizium fungal isolates against this pest. Two Beauveria isolates (B-0571, B-1311) induced high mortality toward 3rd and 6th instar caterpillars and adults. For B-0571 mortality was 82.81 ± 5.75%, 61.46 ± 6.83%, and 93.75 ± 3.61%, and 73.72 ± 2.51%, 71.88 ± 5.41%, and 97.92 ± 2.08% for B-1311, with deaths in caterpillars largely occurring under 24 h (3rd instar control 0.74 ± 0.33%, B-0571 73.96 ± 7.85% and B-1311 62.08 ± 3.67%; 6th instar control 0%, B-0571 66.67% ± 11.02% and B-1311 62.5% ± 9.55%). Infection from both Beauveria isolates fully prevented reproduction in surviving S. frugiperda females. In contrast, all five Metarhizium isolates tested and the remaining four Beauveria isolates exhibited lower virulence. The discovery of two highly virulent Beauveria fungal isolates to S. frugiperda opens avenues to develop novel biological control tools against this highly invasive pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nonthakorn Beatrice Apirajkamol
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia.
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - Timothy Michael Hogarty
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Bishwo Mainali
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | | | - Thomas Kieran Walsh
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), is a well-known agricultural pest in its native range, North and South America, and has become a major invasive pest around the globe in the past decade. In this review, we provide an overview to update what is known about S. frugiperda in its native geographic ranges. This is followed by discussion of studies from the invaded areas to gain insights into S. frugiperda's ecology, specifically its reproductive biology, host plant use, status of insecticide resistance alleles, and biocontrol methods in native and invasive regions. We show that reference to host strains is uninformative in the invasive populations because multidirectional introduction events likely underpinned its recent rapid spread. Given that recent genomic analyses show that FAW is much more diverse than was previously assumed, and natural selection forces likely differ geographically, region-specific approaches will be needed to control this global pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Australian Capital Territory, Australia;
| | - Robert L Meagher
- Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, Florida, USA;
| | - Cecilia Czepak
- Escola de Agronomia, Campus Samambaia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil;
| | - Astrid T Groot
- Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Rane R, Walsh TK, Lenancker P, Gock A, Dao TH, Nguyen VL, Khin TN, Amalin D, Chittarath K, Faheem M, Annamalai S, Thanarajoo SS, Trisyono YA, Khay S, Kim J, Kuniata L, Powell K, Kalyebi A, Otim MH, Nam K, d’Alençon E, Gordon KHJ, Tay WT. Complex multiple introductions drive fall armyworm invasions into Asia and Australia. Sci Rep 2023; 13:660. [PMID: 36635481 PMCID: PMC9837037 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27501-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda is thought to have undergone a rapid 'west-to-east' spread since 2016 when it was first identified in western Africa. Between 2018 and 2020, it was recorded from South Asia (SA), Southeast Asia (SEA), East Asia (EA), and Pacific/Australia (PA). Population genomic analyses enabled the understanding of pathways, population sources, and gene flow in this notorious agricultural pest species. Using neutral single nucleotide polymorphic (SNP) DNA markers, we detected genome introgression that suggested most populations in this study were overwhelmingly C- and R-strain hybrids (n = 252/262). SNP and mitochondrial DNA markers identified multiple introductions that were most parsimoniously explained by anthropogenic-assisted spread, i.e., associated with international trade of live/fresh plants and plant products, and involved 'bridgehead populations' in countries to enable successful pest establishment in neighbouring countries. Distinct population genomic signatures between Myanmar and China do not support the 'African origin spread' nor the 'Myanmar source population to China' hypotheses. Significant genetic differentiation between populations from different Australian states supported multiple pathways involving distinct SEA populations. Our study identified Asia as a biosecurity hotspot and a FAW genetic melting pot, and demonstrated the use of genome analysis to disentangle preventable human-assisted pest introductions from unpreventable natural pest spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Rane
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC 3052 Australia ,grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Thomas K. Walsh
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia ,grid.1004.50000 0001 2158 5405Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Pauline Lenancker
- grid.467576.1Sugar Research Australia, 71378 Bruce Highway, Gordonvale, QLD 4865 Australia
| | - Andrew Gock
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Thi Hang Dao
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | | | - Divina Amalin
- grid.411987.20000 0001 2153 4317Department of Biology, De La Salle University, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Muhammad Faheem
- CAB International Southeast Asia, Serdang, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Y. Andi Trisyono
- grid.8570.a0000 0001 2152 4506Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Depok, Indonesia
| | - Sathya Khay
- grid.473388.3Plant Protection Division of CARDI, Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Juil Kim
- grid.412010.60000 0001 0707 9039College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lastus Kuniata
- grid.473451.0New Britain Palm Oil, Ramu Agri Industry Ltd., Lae, Papua New Guinea
| | - Kevin Powell
- grid.467576.1Sugar Research Australia, 71378 Bruce Highway, Gordonvale, QLD 4865 Australia
| | | | - Michael H. Otim
- grid.463519.c0000 0000 9021 5435National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Kiwoong Nam
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Université Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Karl H. J. Gordon
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601 Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia. .,Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Tay WT, Rane RV, James W, Gordon KHJ, Downes S, Kim J, Kuniata L, Walsh TK. Resistance Bioassays and Allele Characterization Inform Analysis of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Introduction Pathways in Asia and Australia. J Econ Entomol 2022; 115:1790-1805. [PMID: 36515109 PMCID: PMC9748595 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith; Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is present in over 70 countries in Africa, Asia, and Oceania. Its rapid dispersal since 2016 when it was first reported in western Africa, and associated devastation to agricultural productivity, highlight the challenges posed by this pest. Currently, its management largely relies on insecticide sprays and transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis toxins, therefore understanding their responses to these agents and characteristics of any resistance genes enables adaptive strategies. In Australia, S. frugiperda was reported at the end of January 2020 in northern Queensland and by March 2020, also in northern Western Australia. As an urgent first response we undertook bioassays on two Australian populations, one each from these initial points of establishment. To assist with preliminary sensitivity assessment, two endemic noctuid pest species, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner; Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) and Spodoptera litura (Fabricius; Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), were concurrently screened to obtain larval LC50 estimates against various insecticides. We characterized known resistance alleles from the VGSC, ACE-1, RyR, and ABCC2 genes to compare with published allele frequencies and bioassay responses from native and invasive S. frugiperda populations. An approximately 10× LC50 difference for indoxacarb was detected between Australian populations, which was approximately 28× higher than that reported from an Indian population. Characterization of ACE-1 and VGSC alleles provided further evidence of multiple introductions in Asia, and multiple pathways involving genetically distinct individuals in Australia. The preliminary bioassay results and resistance allele patterns from invasive S. frugiperda populations suggest multiple introductions have contributed to the pest's spread and challenge the axiom of its rapid 'west-to-east' spread.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Tay
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| | - R V Rane
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2100, Australia
- CSIRO, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - W James
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - K H J Gordon
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - S Downes
- CSIRO McMaster Laboratories, New England Highway, Armidale, NSW 2350, Australia
| | - J Kim
- College of Agriculture and Life Science, Kangwon National University, Republic of Korea
| | | | - T K Walsh
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
- Applied BioSciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2100, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yainna S, Tay WT, Durand K, Fiteni E, Hilliou F, Legeai F, Clamens AL, Gimenez S, Asokan R, Kalleshwaraswamy CM, Deshmukh SS, Meagher RL, Blanco CA, Silvie P, Brévault T, Dassou A, Kergoat GJ, Walsh T, Gordon K, Nègre N, d’Alençon E, Nam K. The evolutionary process of invasion in the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda). Sci Rep 2022; 12:21063. [PMID: 36473923 PMCID: PMC9727104 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-25529-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW; Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the major agricultural pest insects. FAW is native to the Americas, and its invasion was first reported in West Africa in 2016. Then it quickly spread through Africa, Asia, and Oceania, becoming one of the main threats to corn production. We analyzed whole genome sequences of 177 FAW individuals from 12 locations on four continents to infer evolutionary processes of invasion. Principal component analysis from the TPI gene and whole genome sequences shows that invasive FAW populations originated from the corn strain. Ancestry coefficient and phylogenetic analyses from the nuclear genome indicate that invasive populations are derived from a single ancestry, distinct from native populations, while the mitochondrial phylogenetic tree supports the hypothesis of multiple introductions. Adaptive evolution specific to invasive populations was observed in detoxification, chemosensory, and digestion genes. We concluded that extant invasive FAW populations originated from the corn strain with potential contributions of adaptive evolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudeeptha Yainna
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France ,grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Montpellier, France
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia
| | - Karine Durand
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Estelle Fiteni
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Hilliou
- grid.435437.20000 0004 0385 8766INRAE, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Université Côte D’Azur, CNRS, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Fabrice Legeai
- INRAE, UMR-IGEPP, BioInformatics Platform for Agroecosystems Arthropods, Campus Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes, France ,grid.420225.30000 0001 2298 7270INRIA, IRISA, GenOuest Core Facility, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Anne-Laure Clamens
- grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Sylvie Gimenez
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - R. Asokan
- grid.418222.f0000 0000 8663 7600Division of Biotechnology, ICAR - Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru, India
| | - C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy
- grid.509224.8Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, India
| | - Sharanabasappa S. Deshmukh
- grid.509224.8Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, India
| | - Robert L. Meagher
- grid.463419.d0000 0001 0946 3608United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Carlos A. Blanco
- grid.413759.d0000 0001 0725 8379United States Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Maryland, USA
| | - Pierre Silvie
- grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141PHIM, Univ Montpellier, IRD, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Brévault
- grid.8183.20000 0001 2153 9871CIRAD, UPR AIDA, Montpellier, France ,grid.121334.60000 0001 2097 0141AIDA, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, Montpellier, France
| | - Anicet Dassou
- grid.510426.40000 0004 7470 473XENSBBA, UNSTIM, Dassa, Benin
| | - Gael J. Kergoat
- grid.420225.30000 0001 2298 7270INRIA, IRISA, GenOuest Core Facility, Campus de Beaulieu, Rennes, France
| | - Thomas Walsh
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia
| | - Karl Gordon
- grid.1016.60000 0001 2173 2719Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia
| | - Nicolas Nègre
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Kiwoong Nam
- grid.503158.aDGIMI, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fang C, Hopkinson JE, Balzer J, Frese M, Tay WT, Walsh T. Screening for insecticide resistance in Australian field populations of Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) using bioassays and DNA sequencing. Pest Manag Sci 2022; 78:3248-3259. [PMID: 35396820 PMCID: PMC9546000 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Species within the Bemisia tabaci cryptic species complex can cause significant crop damage. We used high-throughput amplicon sequencing to identify the species composition and resistance allele genotypes in field populations from cotton fields in Australia. For selected populations, the resistance phenotype was determined in bioassays and compared with sequencing data. RESULTS A metabarcoding approach was used to analyse the species composition in 144 field populations collected between 2013 and 2021. Two mixed AUS I and MEAM1 populations were detected, whereas the remaining 142 populations consisted of MEAM1 only. High-throughput sequencing of organophosphate and pyrethroid resistance gene amplicons showed that the organophosphate resistance allele F331W was fixed (> 99%) in all MEAM1 populations, whereas the pyrethroid resistance allele L925I in the voltage-gated sodium channel gene was detected at varying frequencies [1.0%-7.0% (43 populations); 27.7% and 42.1% (two populations); 95%-97.5% (three populations)]. Neither organophosphate nor pyrethroid resistance alleles were detected in the AUS I populations. Pyrethroid bioassays of 85 MEAM1 field-derived populations detected no resistance in 51 populations, whereas 32 populations showed low frequency resistance, and 2 populations were highly resistant. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate that high-throughput sequencing and bioassays are complementary approaches. The detection of target site mutations and the phenotypic provides a comprehensive analysis of the low-level resistance to pyrethroids that is present in Australian cotton farms. By contrast, a limited survey of whitefly populations from horticulture found evidence of high-level resistance against pyrethroids. Furthermore, we found that the F331W allele (linked to organophosphate resistance) is ubiquitous in Australian MEAM1. © 2022 Commonwealth of Australia. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cao Fang
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia
- CSIROActon
| | - Jamie E Hopkinson
- Department of Agriculture and FisheriesQueensland GovernmentToowoombaAustralia
| | - Jacob Balzer
- Department of Agriculture and FisheriesQueensland GovernmentToowoombaAustralia
| | - Michael Frese
- Faculty of Science and TechnologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraAustralia
- CSIROActon
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIROActon
- Department of Applied BioSciencesMacquarie UniversitySydney
| | - Thomas Walsh
- CSIROActon
- Department of Applied BioSciencesMacquarie UniversitySydney
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kanyesigye D, Alibu VP, Tay WT, Nalela P, Paparu P, Olaboro S, Nkalubo ST, Kayondo IS, Silva G, Seal SE, Otim MH. Population Genetic Structure of the Bean Leaf Beetle Ootheca mutabilis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Uganda. Insects 2022; 13:543. [PMID: 35735880 PMCID: PMC9225125 DOI: 10.3390/insects13060543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bean leaf beetle (BLB) (Ootheca mutabilis) has emerged as an important bean pest in Uganda, leading to devastating crop losses. There is limited information on the population genetic structure of BLB despite its importance. In this study, novel microsatellite DNA markers and the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) gene sequences were used to analyze the spatial population genetic structure, genetic differentiation and haplotype diversity of 86 O. mutabilis samples from 16 (districts) populations. We identified 19,356 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) (mono, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta-, and hexa-nucleotides) of which 81 di, tri and tetra-nucleotides were selected for primer synthesis. Five highly polymorphic SSR markers (4-21 alleles, heterozygosity 0.59-0.84, polymorphic information content (PIC) 50.13-83.14%) were used for this study. Analyses of the 16 O. mutabilis populations with these five novel SSRs found nearly all the genetic variation occurring within populations and there was no evidence of genetic differentiation detected for both types of markers. Also, there was no evidence of isolation by distance between geographical and genetic distances for SSR data and mtCOI data except in one agro-ecological zone for mtCOI data. Bayesian clustering identified a signature of admixture that suggests genetic contributions from two hypothetical ancestral genetic lineages for both types of markers, and the minimum-spanning haplotype network showed low differentiation in minor haplotypes from the most common haplotype with the most common haplotype occurring in all the 16 districts. A lack of genetic differentiation indicates unrestricted migrations between populations. This information will contribute to the design of BLB control strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dalton Kanyesigye
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (D.K.); (P.N.); (P.P.); (S.O.); (S.T.N.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity (CoVAB), Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda
| | - Vincent Pius Alibu
- College of Natural Sciences (CoNAS), Makerere University, Kampala P.O. Box 7062, Uganda;
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia;
| | - Polycarp Nalela
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (D.K.); (P.N.); (P.P.); (S.O.); (S.T.N.)
| | - Pamela Paparu
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (D.K.); (P.N.); (P.P.); (S.O.); (S.T.N.)
| | - Samuel Olaboro
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (D.K.); (P.N.); (P.P.); (S.O.); (S.T.N.)
| | - Stanley Tamusange Nkalubo
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (D.K.); (P.N.); (P.P.); (S.O.); (S.T.N.)
| | - Ismail Siraj Kayondo
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, PMB 5320, Oyo Rd., Ibadan 20001, Nigeria;
| | - Gonçalo Silva
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (G.S.); (S.E.S.)
| | - Susan E. Seal
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK; (G.S.); (S.E.S.)
| | - Michael Hilary Otim
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (D.K.); (P.N.); (P.P.); (S.O.); (S.T.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu MZ, Teng TH, Tay WT, Ren QW, Wong PF, Tse HF, Lam SP, Yiu KH. Chronic kidney disease begets heart failure and vice versa; temporal associations between heart failure events in relation to incident chronic kidney disease. Eur Heart J 2022. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehab849.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Funding Acknowledgements
Type of funding sources: None.
Background
Diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and heart failure (HF) are fast-growing causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Diabetes is an optimal model to study the inter-play of cardiovascular disease and renal disease.
Purpose
To investigate the association of CKD with HF and its prognosis in a large, population-based cohort of diabetes, in which incident CKD and HF events were ascertained longitudinally.
Methods
A population-based cohort of patients aged ≥18 years with diabetes, but without CKD, HF or acute kidney injury at baseline was identified from the previously validated territory-wide Clinical Data Analysis Reporting System between 2000 and 2015. Patients were followed up through December 31,2020 for incident CKD and/or HF or all-cause mortality. Multi-state modelling was used to examine the association of the subgroups (with/without CKD or HF).
Results
Among 294,413 patients (mean age: 65 ± 14 years; 49.5% women), new-onset CKD occurred in 51,583, in whom one-fifth (21.3%) had HF. In contrast, among 28,335 patients with new-onset HF, nearly two-fifth (38.7%) had CKD (Figure 1A). Median duration from baseline to incident CKD was shorter than incident HF [8.27 (4.69-11.97) years vs. 8.76 (5.28-12.37) years, p <0.001]. However, median duration for incident event of HF after CKD diagnosis was 2.15 (0.83-4.50) years and 1.73 (0.62-3.87) years for incident CKD after HF diagnosis. The incidence rate of CKD and HF was 20.39 per 1000 person-years and 10.61 per 1000 person-years, respectively.
Presence of CKD was associated with incident HF (odds ratios [OR] 1.27 [95%CI 1.21-1.33]), and HF with incident CKD (OR 1.26 [95%CI 1.18-1.33]). The presence of both CKD and HF (regardless of which comes first) portends higher risk (6 to 8-fold hazards) of all-cause mortality than neither condition (Figure 1B).
Conclusions
Incident HF occurs in one-fifth of patients with new-onset CKD, and CKD occurs in about 40% with new-onset HF. CKD seems to precede HF. More research on the inter-play of these dual conditions is warranted in view of the high mortality risk. Abstract Figure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Z Wu
- Hongkong University of Shenzhen Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - T H Teng
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - W T Tay
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Q W Ren
- the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - P F Wong
- the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - H F Tse
- the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - K H Yiu
- Hongkong University of Shenzhen Hospital, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Agarwal A, Rako L, Schutze MK, Starkie ML, Tay WT, Rodoni BC, Blacket MJ. A diagnostic LAMP assay for rapid identification of an invasive plant pest, fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Sci Rep 2022; 12:1116. [PMID: 35064176 PMCID: PMC8782856 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04496-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), is a highly polyphagous invasive plant pest that has expanded its global geographic distribution, including recently into much of Australia. Rapid diagnostic tests are required for identification of FAW to assist subsequent management and control. We developed a new loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay based on the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene for accurate and timely diagnosis of FAW in the field. The specificity of the new assay was tested against a broad panel of twenty non-target noctuids, including eight other Spodoptera species. Only S. frugiperda samples produced amplification within 20 min, with an anneal derivative temperature of 78.3 ± 0.3 °C. A gBlock dsDNA fragment was developed and trialled as a synthetic positive control, with a different anneal derivative of 81 °C. The new FAW LAMP assay was able to detect FAW DNA down to 2.4 pg, similar to an existing laboratory-based real-time PCR assay. We also trialled the new FAW assay with a colorimetric master mix and found it could successfully amplify positive FAW samples in half the time compared to an existing FAW colorimetric LAMP assay. Given the high sensitivity and rapid amplification time, we recommend the use of this newly developed FAW LAMP assay in a portable real-time fluorometer for in-field diagnosis of FAW.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arati Agarwal
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Lea Rako
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Mark K Schutze
- Biosecurity Queensland, Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Melissa L Starkie
- Biosecurity Queensland, Queensland Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, GPO Box 267, Brisbane, QLD, 4001, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Applied BioSciences, University of Macquarie, Sydney, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Brendan C Rodoni
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.,School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia
| | - Mark J Blacket
- Agriculture Victoria, AgriBio, 5 Ring Road, Bundoora, VIC, 3083, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang J, Zhang F, Tay WT, Robin C, Shi Y, Guan F, Yang Y, Wu Y. Population genomics provides insights into lineage divergence and local adaptation within the cotton bollworm. Mol Ecol Resour 2022; 22:1875-1891. [PMID: 35007400 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera is a cosmopolitan pest and its diverse habitats plausibly contribute to the formation of diverse lineages. Despite the significant threat it poses to economic crops worldwide, its evolutionary history and genetic basis of local adaptation are poorly understood. In this study, we de novo assembled a high-quality chromosome-level reference genome of H. a. armigera (contig N50 = 7.34 Mb), with 99.13% of the HaSCD2 assembly assigned into 31 chromosomes (Z-chromosome + 30 autosomes). We constructed an ultra-dense variation map across 14 cotton bollworm populations and identified a novel lineage in northwestern China. Historical inference showed that effective population size changes coincided with global temperature fluctuation. We identified nine differentiated genes in the three H. armigera lineages (H. a. armigera, H. a. conferta, and the new northwestern Chinese lineage), of which per and clk genes are involved in circadian rhythm. Selective sweep analyses identified a series of GO categories related to climate adaptation, feeding behavior and insecticide tolerance. Our findings reveal fundamental knowledge of the local adaptation of different cotton bollworm lineages and will guide the formulation of cotton bollworm management measures at different scales.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianpeng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Charles Robin
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Yu Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Fang Guan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yihua Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yidong Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tay WT, Court LN, Macfadyen S, Jacomb F, Vyskočilová S, Colvin J, De Barro PJ. A high-throughput amplicon sequencing approach for population-wide species diversity and composition survey. Mol Ecol Resour 2021; 22:1706-1724. [PMID: 34918473 DOI: 10.1111/1755-0998.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Management of agricultural pests requires an understanding of pest species diversity, their interactions with beneficial insects and spatial-temporal patterns of pest abundance. Invasive and agriculturally important insect pests can build up very high populations, especially in cropping landscapes. Traditionally, sampling effort for species identification involves small sample sizes and is labour intensive. Here, we describe a multi-primer high throughput sequencing (HTS) metabarcoding method and associated analytical workflow for a rapid, intensive, high-volume survey of pest species compositions. We demonstrate our method using the taxonomically challenging Bemisia pest cryptic species complex as examples. The whiteflies Bemisia including the 'tabaci' species are agriculturally important capable of vectoring diverse plant viruses that cause diseases and crop losses. Our multi-primer metabarcoding HTS amplicon approach simultaneously process high volumes of whitefly individuals, with efficiency to detect rare (i.e., 1%) test-species, while our improved whitefly primers for metabarcoding also detected beneficial hymenopteran parasitoid species from whitefly nymphs. Field-testing our redesigned Bemisia metabarcoding primer sets across the Tanzania, Uganda and Malawi cassava cultivation landscapes, we identified the sub-Saharan Africa 1 Bemisia putative species as the dominant pest species, with other cryptic Bemisia species being detected at various abundances. We also provide evidence that Bemisia species compositions can be affected by host crops and sampling techniques that target either nymphs or adults. Our multi-primer HTS metabarcoding method incorporated two over-lapping amplicons of 472bp and 518bp that spanned the entire 657bp 3' barcoding region for Bemisia, and is particularly suitable to molecular diagnostic surveys of this highly cryptic insect pest species complex that also typically exhibited high population densities in heavy crop infestation episodes. Our approach can be adopted to understand species biodiversity across landscapes, with broad implications for improving trans-boundary biosecurity preparedness, thus contributing to molecular ecological knowledge and the development of control strategies for high-density, cryptic, pest-species complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - L N Court
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - S Macfadyen
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - F Jacomb
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - S Vyskočilová
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT, 2601, Australia.,Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, Maritime Kent, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - J Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham, Maritime Kent, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Guan F, Zhang J, Shen H, Wang X, Padovan A, Walsh TK, Tay WT, Gordon KHJ, James W, Czepak C, Otim MH, Kachigamba D, Wu Y. Whole-genome sequencing to detect mutations associated with resistance to insecticides and Bt proteins in Spodoptera frugiperda. Insect Sci 2021; 28:627-638. [PMID: 32558234 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is a major pest native to the Americas that has recently invaded the Old World. Point mutations in the target-site proteins acetylcholinesterase-1 (ace-1), voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) and ryanodine receptor (RyR) have been identified in S. frugiperda as major resistance mechanisms to organophosphate, pyrethroid and diamide insecticides respectively. Mutations in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter C2 gene (ABCC2) have also been identified to confer resistance to Cry1F protein. In this study, we applied a whole-genome sequencing (WGS) approach to identify point mutations in the target-site genes in 150 FAW individuals collected from China, Malawi, Uganda and Brazil. This approach revealed three amino acid substitutions (A201S, G227A and F290V) of S. frugiperda ace-1, which are known to be associated with organophosphate resistance. The Brazilian population had all three ace-1 point mutations and the 227A allele (mean frequency = 0.54) was the most common. Populations from China, Malawi and Uganda harbored two of the three ace-1 point mutations (A201S and F290V) with the 290V allele (0.47-0.58) as the dominant allele. Point mutations in VGSC (T929I, L932F and L1014F) and RyR (I4790M and G4946E) were not detected in any of the 150 individuals. A novel 12-bp insertion mutation in exon 15 of the ABCC2 gene was identified in some of the Brazilian individuals but absent in the invasive populations. Our results not only demonstrate robustness of the WGS-based genomic approach for detection of resistance mutations, but also provide insights for improvement of resistance management tactics in S. frugiperda.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Guan
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianpeng Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiwen Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingliang Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Amanda Padovan
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Tom K Walsh
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Karl H J Gordon
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - William James
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Cecilia Czepak
- Escola de Agronomia, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | | | - Donald Kachigamba
- Department of Agricultural Research Services (DARS), Lilongwe, Malawi
| | - Yidong Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Elfekih S, Tay WT, Polaszek A, Gordon KHJ, Kunz D, Macfadyen S, Walsh TK, Vyskočilová S, Colvin J, De Barro PJ. On species delimitation, hybridization and population structure of cassava whitefly in Africa. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7923. [PMID: 33846476 PMCID: PMC8041820 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87107-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The Bemisia cassava whitefly complex includes species that cause severe crop damage through vectoring cassava viruses in eastern Africa. Currently, this whitefly complex is divided into species and subgroups (SG) based on very limited molecular markers that do not allow clear definition of species and population structure. Based on 14,358 genome-wide SNPs from 62 Bemisia cassava whitefly individuals belonging to sub-Saharan African species (SSA1, SSA2 and SSA4), and using a well-curated mtCOI gene database, we show clear incongruities in previous taxonomic approaches underpinned by effects from pseudogenes. We show that the SSA4 species is nested within SSA2, and that populations of the SSA1 species comprise well-defined south-eastern (Madagascar, Tanzania) and north-western (Nigeria, Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi) putative sub-species. Signatures of allopatric incipient speciation, and the presence of a 'hybrid zone' separating the two putative sub-species were also detected. These findings provide insights into the evolution and molecular ecology of a highly cryptic hemipteran insect complex in African, and allow the systematic use of genomic data to be incorporated in the development of management strategies for this cassava pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Elfekih
- Australian Centre for Disease Preparedness, CSIRO, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - W T Tay
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
| | - A Polaszek
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, UK
| | - K H J Gordon
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - D Kunz
- The Gurdon Institute, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - S Macfadyen
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - T K Walsh
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - S Vyskočilová
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | - J Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Kent, UK
| | - P J De Barro
- CSIRO, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Lenancker P, Feldhaar H, Holzinger A, Greenfield M, Strain A, Yeeles P, Hoffmann BD, Tay WT, Lach L. Origin, behaviour, and genetics of reproductive workers in an invasive ant. Front Zool 2021; 18:13. [PMID: 33752683 PMCID: PMC7986258 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-021-00392-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Worker reproduction has an important influence on the social cohesion and efficiency of social insect colonies, but its role in the success of invasive ants has been neglected. We used observations of 233 captive colonies, laboratory experiments, and genetic analyses to investigate the conditions for worker reproduction in the invasive Anoplolepis gracilipes (yellow crazy ant) and its potential cost on interspecific defence. We determined the prevalence of worker production of males and whether it is triggered by queen absence; whether physogastric workers with enlarged abdomens are more likely to be reproductive, how normal workers and physogastric workers compare in their contributions to foraging and defence; and whether worker-produced males and males that could have been queen- or worker-produced differ in their size and heterozygosity. Results Sixty-six of our 233 captive colonies produced males, and in 25 of these, some males could only have been produced by workers. Colonies with more workers were more likely to produce males, especially for queenless colonies. The average number of days between the first appearance of eggs and adult males in our colonies was 54.1 ± 10.2 (mean ± SD, n = 20). In our laboratory experiment, queen removal triggered an increase in the proportion of physogastric workers. Physogastric workers were more likely to have yolky oocytes (37–54.9%) than normal workers (2–25.6%), which is an indicator of fertile or trophic egg production. Physogastric workers were less aggressive during interspecific aggression tests and foraged less than normal workers. The head width and wing length of worker-produced males were on average 4.0 and 4.3% greater respectively than those of males of undetermined source. Our microsatellite DNA analyses indicate that 5.5% of worker-produced males and 14.3% of males of undetermined source were heterozygous, which suggests the presence of diploid males and/or genetic mosaics in A. gracilipes. Conclusions Our experimental work provides crucial information on worker reproduction in A. gracilipes and its potential cost to colony defence. The ability of A. gracilipes workers to produce males in the absence of queens may also contribute to its success as an invasive species if intranidal mating can take place between virgin queens and worker-produced males. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12983-021-00392-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Lenancker
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia. .,CSIRO, Tropical Ecosystems Research Centre, Darwin, NT, 0822, Australia.
| | - Heike Feldhaar
- Animal Ecology I, Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Anja Holzinger
- Animal Ecology I, Bayreuth Centre of Ecology and Environmental Research, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Melinda Greenfield
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - Angela Strain
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | - Peter Yeeles
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| | | | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Lori Lach
- College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, 4870, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Kalyebi A, Macfadyen S, Hulthen A, Ocitti P, Jacomb F, Tay WT, Colvin J, De Barro P. Within-Season Changes in Land-Use Impact Pest Abundance in Smallholder African Cassava Production Systems. Insects 2021; 12:269. [PMID: 33810012 PMCID: PMC8005198 DOI: 10.3390/insects12030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz), an important commercial and food security crop in East and Central Africa, continues to be adversely affected by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. In Uganda, changes in smallholder farming landscapes due to crop rotations can impact pest populations but how these changes affect pest outbreak risk is unknown. We investigated how seasonal changes in land-use have affected B. tabaci population dynamics and its parasitoids. We used a large-scale field experiment to standardize the focal field in terms of cassava age and cultivar, then measured how Bemisia populations responded to surrounding land-use change. Bemisia tabaci Sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1) was identified using molecular diagnostics as the most prevalent species and the same species was also found on surrounding soybean, groundnut, and sesame crops. We found that an increase in the area of cassava in the 3-7-month age range in the landscape resulted in an increase in the abundance of the B. tabaci SSA1 on cassava. There was a negative relationship between the extent of non-crop vegetation in the landscape and parasitism of nymphs suggesting that these parasitoids do not rely on resources in the non-crop patches. The highest abundance of B. tabaci SSA1 nymphs in cassava fields occurred at times when landscapes had large areas of weeds, low to moderate areas of maize, and low areas of banana. Our results can guide the development of land-use strategies that smallholder farmers can employ to manage these pests.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kalyebi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda;
- Mikocheni Agricultural Institute, Dares Salaam 6226, Tanzania
| | - Sarina Macfadyen
- CSIRO, Clunnies Ross Street, Acton 2601, Australia; (S.M.); (F.J.); (W.T.T.)
| | - Andrew Hulthen
- CSIRO, Ecosciences Preceinct, Dutton Park QLD, Brisbane 4001, Australia; (A.H.); (P.D.B.)
| | - Patrick Ocitti
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, P.O. Box 7084, Kampala, Uganda;
| | - Frances Jacomb
- CSIRO, Clunnies Ross Street, Acton 2601, Australia; (S.M.); (F.J.); (W.T.T.)
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Clunnies Ross Street, Acton 2601, Australia; (S.M.); (F.J.); (W.T.T.)
| | - John Colvin
- NRI, University of Greenwich, Chatham, Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK;
| | - Paul De Barro
- CSIRO, Ecosciences Preceinct, Dutton Park QLD, Brisbane 4001, Australia; (A.H.); (P.D.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Jin X, Hummel YM, Tay WT, Nauta JF, Bamadhaj NSS, van Melle JP, Lam CSP, Voors AA, Hoendermis ES. Short- and long-term haemodynamic consequences of transcatheter closure of atrial septal defect and patent foramen ovale. Neth Heart J 2021; 29:402-408. [PMID: 33594591 PMCID: PMC8271075 DOI: 10.1007/s12471-021-01543-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) closure might have opposite short- and long-term haemodynamic consequences compared with restricted interatrial shunt creation, which recently emerged as a potential treatment modality for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Given the opposing approaches of ASD and PFO closure versus shunt creation, we investigated the early and sustained cardiac structural and functional changes following transcatheter ASD or PFO closure. METHODS In this retrospective study, adult secundum-type ASD and PFO patients with complete echocardiography examinations at baseline and at 1‑day and 1‑year follow-up who also underwent transcatheter closure between 2013 and 2017 at the University Medical Centre Groningen, the Netherlands were included. RESULTS Thirty-nine patients (mean age 48 ± standard deviation 16 years, 61.5% women) were included. Transcatheter ASD/PFO closure resulted in an early and persistent decrease in right ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Additionally, transcatheter ASD/PFO closure resulted in an early and sustained favourable response of left ventricular (LV) systolic function, but also in deterioration of LV diastolic function with an increase in LV filling pressure (LVFP), as assessed by echocardiography. Age (β = 0.31, p = 0.009) and atrial fibrillation (AF; β = 0.24, p = 0.03) were associated with a sustained increase in LVFP after transcatheter ASD/PFO closure estimated by mean E/e' ratio (i.e. ratio of mitral peak velocity of early filling to diastolic mitral annular velocity). In subgroup analysis, this was similar for ASD and PFO closure. CONCLUSION Older patients and patients with AF were predisposed to sustained increases in left-sided filling pressures resembling HFpEF following ASD or PFO closure. Consequently, these findings support the current concept that creating a restricted interatrial shunt might be beneficial, particularly in elderly HFpEF patients with AF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- X Jin
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Y M Hummel
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W T Tay
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - J F Nauta
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - J P van Melle
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - C S P Lam
- National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - A A Voors
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - E S Hoendermis
- Department of Cardiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Otim MH, Adumo Aropet S, Opio M, Kanyesigye D, Nakelet Opolot H, Tek Tay W. Parasitoid Distribution and Parasitism of the Fall Armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Different Maize Producing Regions of Uganda. Insects 2021; 12:insects12020121. [PMID: 33573080 PMCID: PMC7912086 DOI: 10.3390/insects12020121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) has successfully invaded Africa, where it has significantly impacted maize and sorghum production. Management of FAW in Africa predominantly relies on synthetic insecticides, which are expensive, and negatively impact the environment and beneficial insects. We, therefore, conducted field surveys in Uganda in 2017 and 2019 to identify egg and larval parasitoids of FAW for possible use in integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Parasitoids were identified by their mitochondrial DNA cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (mtCOI) gene sequences. We identified 13 parasitoid species belonging to three families of Hymenoptera: Platygastridae, Braconidae and Ichneumonidae, as well as one Dipteran family (Tachinidae). Coccygidium spp. and Chelonus bifoveolatus were the most abundant and widely distributed parasitoids. Overall, parasitism averaged 9.2% and ranged from 3.1% to 50% in 2017, and 0.8% to 33% in 2019. Parasitism by Sturmiopsis parasitica, Diolcogaster sp., and Cotesia flavipes on FAW in maize crops are reported for the first time. Our results suggest high biological diversity of FAW parasitoids, which should be exploited in the IPM of the FAW in Uganda.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Hilary Otim
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (S.A.A.); (M.O.); (D.K.)
- Correspondence: or
| | - Stella Adumo Aropet
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (S.A.A.); (M.O.); (D.K.)
| | - Moses Opio
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (S.A.A.); (M.O.); (D.K.)
| | - Dalton Kanyesigye
- National Crops Resources Research Institute (NaCRRI), Kampala P.O. Box 7084, Uganda; (S.A.A.); (M.O.); (D.K.)
| | - Henry Nakelet Opolot
- Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Industry and Fisheries, Entebbe P.O. Box 102, Uganda;
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra 2601, Australia;
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Valencia-Montoya WA, Elfekih S, North HL, Meier JI, Warren IA, Tay WT, Gordon KHJ, Specht A, Paula-Moraes SV, Rane R, Walsh TK, Jiggins CD. Adaptive Introgression across Semipermeable Species Boundaries between Local Helicoverpa zea and Invasive Helicoverpa armigera Moths. Mol Biol Evol 2020; 37:2568-2583. [PMID: 32348505 PMCID: PMC7475041 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybridization between invasive and native species has raised global concern, given the dramatic increase in species range shifts and pest outbreaks due to anthropogenic dispersal. Nevertheless, secondary contact between sister lineages of local and invasive species provides a natural laboratory to understand the factors that determine introgression and the maintenance or loss of species barriers. Here, we characterize the early evolutionary outcomes following secondary contact between invasive Helicoverpa armigera and native H. zea in Brazil. We carried out whole-genome resequencing of Helicoverpa moths from Brazil in two temporal samples: during the outbreak of H. armigera in 2013 and 2017. There is evidence for a burst of hybridization and widespread introgression from local H. zea into invasive H. armigera coinciding with H. armigera expansion in 2013. However, in H. armigera, the admixture proportion and the length of introgressed blocks were significantly reduced between 2013 and 2017, suggesting selection against admixture. In contrast to the genome-wide pattern, there was striking evidence for adaptive introgression of a single region from the invasive H. armigera into local H. zea, including an insecticide resistance allele that increased in frequency over time. In summary, despite extensive gene flow after secondary contact, the species boundaries are largely maintained except for the single introgressed region containing the insecticide-resistant locus. We document the worst-case scenario for an invasive species, in which there are now two pest species instead of one, and the native species has acquired resistance to pyrethroid insecticides through introgression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy A Valencia-Montoya
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA
| | - Samia Elfekih
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Henry L North
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Joana I Meier
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ian A Warren
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Karl H J Gordon
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | | | - Rahul Rane
- CSIRO Health and Biosecurity, Australian Animal Health Laboratory, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Bio21 Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tom K Walsh
- CSIRO Land and Water, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Chris D Jiggins
- Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pozebon H, Marques RP, Padilha G, O Neal M, Valmorbida I, Bevilaqua JG, Tay WT, Arnemann JA. Arthropod Invasions Versus Soybean Production in Brazil: A Review. J Econ Entomol 2020; 113:1591-1608. [PMID: 32515787 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Soybean production in Brazil has been markedly affected by invasions of non-native arthropod species that feed on the crop, severely impacting biodiversity, food security, health, and economic development. Data on soybean production losses and increase in insecticide usage over the last two decades have not been explored in association with past invasion events, and the dynamics underlying the recent blitz of invasive species into Brazil remain largely unclear. We provide a review of arthropod invasions in the Brazilian soybean agroecosystem since 1990, indicating that the introductions of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) MEAM1 (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae), and Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) are likely correlated with periods of increase in insecticide usage for soybean production. Using these three cases as examples, we review factors that could lead to increased likelihood of future invasions by particular pests, outlining four possible criteria to evaluate potential invasiveness of non-native arthropods: likelihood of entry, likelihood of establishment, biological features of the species, and availability of control measures. Spodoptera litura (F.) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and Aphis glycines (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Sternorrhynca) are examples of highly damaging soybean pests, related to one or more of these factors, that could be introduced into Brazil over the next years and which could lead to problematic scenarios. Melanagromyza sojae (Zehnter) (Diptera: Agromyzidae) also meets these criteria and has successfully invaded and colonized Brazilian soybean fields in recent years. Our review identifies current issues within soybean pest management in Brazil and highlights the need to adopt management measures to offset future costs and minimize lost revenue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Pozebon
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Rafael P Marques
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Padilha
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | | | | | - Julia G Bevilaqua
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Entomology Department, CSIRO, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Jonas André Arnemann
- Crop Protection Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, 1000 Roraima Avenue, Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Arnemann JA, Roxburgh S, Walsh T, Guedes J, Gordon K, Smagghe G, Tay WT. Multiple incursion pathways for Helicoverpa armigera in Brazil show its genetic diversity spreading in a connected world. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19380. [PMID: 31852963 PMCID: PMC6920452 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55919-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was first detected in Brazil with subsequent reports from Paraguay, Argentina, Bolivia, and Uruguay. This pattern suggests that the H. armigera spread across the South American continent following incursions into northern/central Brazil, however, this hypothesis has not been tested. Here we compare northern and central Brazilian H. armigera mtDNA COI haplotypes with those from southern Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, and Paraguay. We infer spatial genetic and gene flow patterns of this dispersive pest in the agricultural landscape of South America. We show that the spatial distribution of H. armigera mtDNA haplotypes and its inferred gene flow patterns in the southwestern region of South America exhibited signatures inconsistent with a single incursion hypothesis. Simulations on spatial distribution patterns show that the detection of rare and/or the absence of dominant mtDNA haplotypes in southern H. armigera populations are inconsistent with genetic signatures observed in northern and central Brazil. Incursions of H. armigera into the New World are therefore likely to have involved independent events in northern/central Brazil, and southern Brazil/Uruguay-Argentina-Paraguay. This study demonstrates the significant biosecurity challenges facing the South American continent, and highlights alternate pathways for introductions of alien species into the New World.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Andre Arnemann
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia. .,Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil. .,Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stephen Roxburgh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
| | - Tom Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
| | - Jerson Guedes
- Department of Crop Protection, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Karl Gordon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Walsh TK, Perera O, Anderson C, Gordon K, Czepak C, McGaughran A, Zwick A, Hackett D, Tay WT. Mitochondrial DNA genomes of five major Helicoverpa pest species from the Old and New Worlds (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Ecol Evol 2019; 9:2933-2944. [PMID: 30891227 PMCID: PMC6405535 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Five species of noctuid moths, Helicoverpa armigera, H. punctigera, H. assulta, H. zea, and H. gelotopoeon, are major agricultural pests inhabiting various and often overlapping global distributions. Visual identification of these species requires a great deal of expertise and misidentification can have repercussions for pest management and agricultural biosecurity. Here, we report on the complete mitochondrial genomes of H. assulta assulta and H. assulta afra, H. gelotopoeon, H. punctigera, H. zea, and H. armigera armigera and H. armigera conferta' assembled from high-throughput sequencing data. This study significantly increases the mitogenome resources for these five agricultural pests with sequences assembled from across different continents, including an H. armigera individual collected from an invasive population in Brazil. We infer the phylogenetic relationships of these five Helicoverpa species based on the 13 mitochondrial DNA protein-coding genes (PCG's) and show that two publicly available mitogenomes of H. assulta (KP015198 and KR149448) have been misidentified or incorrectly assembled. We further consolidate existing PCR-RFLP methods to cover all five Helicoverpa pest species, providing an updated method that will contribute to species differentiation and to future monitoring efforts of Helicoverpa pest species across different continents. We discuss the value of Helicoverpa mitogenomes to assist with species identification in view of the context of the rapid spread of H. armigera in the New World. With this work, we provide the molecular resources necessary for future studies of the evolutionary history and ecology of these species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tom K. Walsh
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Omaththage Perera
- USDA‐ARS Southern Insect Management Research UnitStonevilleMississippi
| | - Craig Anderson
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
- MRC Human Genetics Unit, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Western General HospitalUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK
| | - Karl Gordon
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Cecilia Czepak
- Escola de AgronomiaUniversidade Federal de GoiásGoiâniaBrazil
| | - Angela McGaughran
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
- Division of Ecology and Evolution, Research School of BiologyAustralian National UniversityCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Andreas Zwick
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| | | | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIROBlack Mountain LaboratoriesCanberraACTAustralia
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tay WT, Gordon KHJ. Going global - genomic insights into insect invasions. Curr Opin Insect Sci 2019; 31:123-130. [PMID: 31109665 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The spread of invasive insect pests is becoming an increasing problem for agriculture globally. We discuss a number of invasive insects, already of major economic significance that have recently expanded their range to become truly global threats. These include the noctuid moths Helicoverpa and Spodoptera, whose caterpillars have long been among the worst pests in their native Old and New World habitats, respectively, and the whitefly Bemisia, a major vector of plant virus diseases. Importantly, genomic resources for these species have recently become available, allowing research to move beyond the restrictions imposed by earlier approaches limited to a single or few mitochondrial and nuclear markers, to employ genome-wide genotyping and resequencing protocols. These studies have shown hybridisation within the various species complexes, identified regions under selection in agricultural environments, and enable monitoring of genes important as biosecurity risks through introgression into established populations free of the genes. In all cases studied, global trade has emerged as the probable cause of insect spread, making it ever more important that biosecurity protocols and agencies work with researchers to make the most effective use of emerging genomic resources and tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Abstract
The recent introduction and spread of Helicoverpa armigera throughout South America highlight the invasiveness and adaptability of moths in the Helicoverpa genus. Long-range movement in three key members, H. armigera, H. zea, and H. punctigera, occurs by migration and international trade. These movements facilitate high population admixture and genetic diversity, with important economic, biosecurity, and control implications in today's agricultural landscape. This is particularly true for the spread of resistance alleles to transgenic crops expressing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins that are planted over vast areas to suppress Helicoverpa spp. The ability to track long-distance movement through radar technology, population genetic markers, and/or long-distance dispersal modeling has advanced in recent years, yet we still know relatively little about the population trajectories or migratory routes in Helicoverpa spp. Here, we consider how experimental and theoretical approaches can be integrated to fill key knowledge gaps and assist management practices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Jones
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool L3 5QA, United Kingdom;
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
| | - Hazel Parry
- Ecosciences Precinct, CSIRO, Brisbane, Queensland 4102, Australia;
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia;
| | - Don R Reynolds
- Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham ME4 4TB, United Kingdom;
| | - Jason W Chapman
- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, and Environment and Sustainability Institute, University of Exeter, Penryn TR10 9FE, United Kingdom;
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Walsh TK, Joussen N, Tian K, McGaughran A, Anderson CJ, Qiu X, Ahn SJ, Bird L, Pavlidi N, Vontas J, Ryu J, Rasool A, Barony Macedo I, Tay WT, Zhang Y, Whitehouse MEA, Silvie PJ, Downes S, Nemec L, Heckel DG. Multiple recombination events between two cytochrome P450 loci contribute to global pyrethroid resistance in Helicoverpa armigera. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197760. [PMID: 30383872 PMCID: PMC6211633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) is one of the most serious insect pest species to evolve resistance against many insecticides from different chemical classes. This species has evolved resistance to the pyrethroid insecticides across its native range and is becoming a truly global pest after establishing in South America and having been recently recorded in North America. A chimeric cytochrome P450 gene, CYP337B3, has been identified as a resistance mechanism for resistance to fenvalerate and cypermethrin. Here we show that this resistance mechanism is common around the world with at least eight different alleles. It is present in South America and has probably introgressed into its closely related native sibling species, Helicoverpa zea. The different alleles of CYP337B3 are likely to have arisen independently in different geographic locations from selection on existing diversity. The alleles found in Brazil are those most commonly found in Asia, suggesting a potential origin for the incursion of H. armigera into the Americas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas K. Walsh
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Nicole Joussen
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - Kai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Angela McGaughran
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Craig J. Anderson
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, United Kingdom
| | - Xinghui Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Seung-Joon Ahn
- Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Suwon, Korea
| | - Lisa Bird
- Tamworth Agricultural Institute, New South Wales Department of Primary Industry, Calala, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Nena Pavlidi
- Department of Biology, University of Crete, Rethymno, Greece
| | - John Vontas
- Laboratory of Pesticide Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jaeeun Ryu
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Akhtar Rasool
- Insect Molecular Biology Laboratory, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Isabella Barony Macedo
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Black Mountain Laboratories, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Acton, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | | | - Pierre Jean Silvie
- Agroécologie et intensification durable des cultures annuelles, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement, Montpellier, France
| | - Sharon Downes
- Australian Cotton Research Institute, Narrabri, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lori Nemec
- Australian Cotton Research Institute, Narrabri, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G. Heckel
- Department of Entomology, Max Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kalyebi A, Macfadyen S, Parry H, Tay WT, De Barro P, Colvin J. African cassava whitefly, Bemisia tabaci, cassava colonization preferences and control implications. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204862. [PMID: 30300388 PMCID: PMC6177144 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cassava is a staple food for people across sub-Saharan Africa. Over the last 20 years, there has been an increased frequency of outbreaks and crop damage in this region caused by the cassava-adapted Bemisia tabaci putative species. Little is known about when and why B. tabaci adults move and colonize new cassava crops, especially in farming systems that contain a mixture of cultivar types and plant ages. Here, we assessed experimentally whether the age and variety of cassava affected the density of B. tabaci. We also tested whether the age and variety of the source cassava field affected the variety preference of B. tabaci when they colonized new cassava plants. We placed uninfested potted "sentinel" plants of three cassava varieties (Nam 130, Nase 14, and Njule Red) in source fields containing one of two varieties (Nam 130 or Nase 14) and one of three age classes (young, medium, or old). After two weeks, the numbers of nymphs on the sentinel plants were used as a measure of colonization. Molecular identification revealed that the B. tabaci species was sub-Saharan Africa 1 (SSA1). We found a positive correlation between the density of nymphs on sentinel plants and the density of adults in the source field. The density of nymphs on the sentinels was not significantly related to the age of the source field. Bemisia tabaci adults did not preferentially colonize the sentinel plant of the same variety as the source field. There was a significant interactive effect, however, between the source and sentinel variety that may indicate variability in colonization. We conclude that managing cassava source fields to reduce B. tabaci abundance will be more effective than manipulating nearby varieties. We also suggest that planting a "whitefly sink" variety is unlikely to reduce B. tabaci SSA1 populations unless fields are managed to reduce B. tabaci densities using other integrative approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kalyebi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Kampala, Uganda
- Mikocheni Agricultural Research Institute, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Hazel Parry
- CSIRO Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane QLD, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Clunies Ross St, Acton, ACT, Australia
| | | | - John Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Chatham Maritime, Kent, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Vyskočilová S, Tay WT, van Brunschot S, Seal S, Colvin J. An integrative approach to discovering cryptic species within the Bemisia tabaci whitefly species complex. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10886. [PMID: 30022040 PMCID: PMC6052153 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29305-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bemisia tabaci is a cryptic whitefly-species complex that includes some of the most damaging pests and plant-virus vectors of a diverse range of food and fibre crops worldwide. We combine experimental evidence of: (i) differences in reproductive compatibility, (ii) hybrid verification using a specific nuclear DNA marker and hybrid fertility confirmation and (iii) high-throughput sequencing-derived mitogenomes, to show that the "Mediterranean" (MED) B. tabaci comprises at least two distinct biological species; the globally invasive MED from the Mediterranean Basin and the "African silver-leafing" (ASL) from sub-Saharan Africa, which has no associated invasion records. We demonstrate that, contrary to its common name, the "ASL" does not induce squash silver-leafing symptoms and show that species delimitation based on the widely applied 3.5% partial mtCOI gene sequence divergence threshold produces discordant results, depending on the mtCOI region selected. Of the 292 published mtCOI sequences from MED/ASL groups, 158 (54%) are low quality and/or potential pseudogenes. We demonstrate fundamental deficiencies in delimiting cryptic B. tabaci species, based solely on partial sequences of a mitochondrial barcoding gene. We advocate an integrative approach to reveal the true species richness within cryptic species complexes, which is integral to the deployment of effective pest and disease management strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soňa Vyskočilová
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom.
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Canberra, Australia
| | - Sharon van Brunschot
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia
| | - Susan Seal
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| | - John Colvin
- Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, ME4 4TB, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Tay WT, Elfekih S, Court LN, Gordon KHJ, Delatte H, De Barro PJ. The Trouble with MEAM2: Implications of Pseudogenes on Species Delimitation in the Globally Invasive Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) Cryptic Species Complex. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 9:2732-2738. [PMID: 28985301 PMCID: PMC5647793 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular species identification using suboptimal PCR primers can over-estimate species diversity due to coamplification of nuclear mitochondrial (NUMT) DNA/pseudogenes. For the agriculturally important whitefly Bemisia tabaci cryptic pest species complex, species identification depends primarily on characterization of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (mtDNA COI) gene. The lack of robust PCR primers for the mtDNA COI gene can undermine correct species identification which in turn compromises management strategies. This problem is identified in the B. tabaci Africa/Middle East/Asia Minor clade which comprises the globally invasive Mediterranean (MED) and Middle East Asia Minor I (MEAM1) species, Middle East Asia Minor 2 (MEAM2), and the Indian Ocean (IO) species. Initially identified from the Indian Ocean island of Réunion, MEAM2 has since been reported from Japan, Peru, Turkey and Iraq. We identified MEAM2 individuals from a Peruvian population via Sanger sequencing of the mtDNA COI gene. In attempting to characterize the MEAM2 mitogenome, we instead characterized mitogenomes of MEAM1. We also report on the mitogenomes of MED, AUS, and IO thereby increasing genomic resources for members of this complex. Gene synteny (i.e., same gene composition and orientation) was observed with published B. tabaci cryptic species mitogenomes. Pseudogene fragments matching MEAM2 partial mtDNA COI gene exhibited low frequency single nucleotide polymorphisms that matched low copy number DNA fragments (<3%) of MEAM1 genomes, whereas presence of internal stop codons, loss of expected stop codons and poor primer annealing sites, all suggested MEAM2 as a pseudogene artifact and so not a real species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Acton, Australia
| | - Samia Elfekih
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Acton, Australia
| | - Leon N Court
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Acton, Australia
| | - Karl H J Gordon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Science and Innovation Park, Acton, Australia
| | | | - Paul J De Barro
- CSIRO, Ecosciences Precinct, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Otim MH, Tay WT, Walsh TK, Kanyesigye D, Adumo S, Abongosi J, Ochen S, Sserumaga J, Alibu S, Abalo G, Asea G, Agona A. Detection of sister-species in invasive populations of the fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Uganda. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0194571. [PMID: 29614067 PMCID: PMC5882101 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0194571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a species native to the Americas. This polyphagous lepidopteran pest was first reported in Nigeria and the Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Principe in 2016, but its presence in eastern Africa has not been confirmed via molecular characterisation. In this study, FAW specimens from western and central Uganda were identified based on the partial mtDNA COI gene sequences, with mtDNA COI haplotypes matching those identified in Nigeria and São Tomé. In this study, we sequence an additional partial mtDNA Cyt b gene and also the partial mtDNA COIII gene in Ugandan FAW samples. We detected identical mitochondrial DNA haplotypes for both the mtDNA Cyt b and COI partial genes, while combining the mtDNA COI/Cyt b haplotypes and mtDNA COIII haplotypes enabled a new maternal lineage in the Ugandan corn-preferred FAW samples to be identified. Our results suggested that the African incursions of S. frugiperda involved at least three maternal lineages. Recent full genome, phylogenetic and microsatellite analyses provided evidence to support S. frugiperda as likely consisted of two sympatric sister species known as the corn-preferred and rice-preferred strains. In our Ugandan FAW populations, we identified the presence of mtDNA haplotypes representative of both sister species. It is not known if both FAW sister species were originally introduced together or separately, and whether they have since spread as a single population. Further analyses of additional specimens originally collected from São Tomé, Nigeria and throughout Africa would be required to clarify this issue. Importantly, our finding showed that the genetic diversity of the African corn-preferred FAW species is higher than previously reported. This potentially contributed to the success of FAW establishment in Africa. Furthermore, with the additional maternal lineages detected, there is likely an increase in paternal lineages, thereby increasing the diversity of the African FAW population. Knowledge of the FAW genetic diversity will be needed to assess the risks of introducing Bt-resistance traits and to understand the FAW incursion pathways into the Old World and its potential onward spread. The agricultural implications of the presence of two evolutionary divergent FAW lineages (the corn and the rice lineage) in the African continent are further considered and discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H. Otim
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia
| | - Thomas K. Walsh
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Canberra, Australia
| | - Dalton Kanyesigye
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stella Adumo
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Joseph Abongosi
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Stephen Ochen
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Julius Sserumaga
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Simon Alibu
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Grace Abalo
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Godfrey Asea
- National Crops Resources Research Institute, Namulonge, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Ambrose Agona
- National Agricultural Research Organization, Entebbe, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Edwards OR, Walsh TK, Metcalfe S, Tay WT, Hoffmann AA, Mangano P, Lord A, Micic S, Umina PA. A genomic approach to identify and monitor a novel pyrethroid resistance mutation in the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor. Pestic Biochem Physiol 2018; 144:83-90. [PMID: 29463413 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Resistance mechanisms are typically uncovered by identifying sequence variation in known candidate genes, however this strategy can be problematic for species with no reference data in known relatives. Here we take a genomic approach to identify resistance to pyrethroids in the redlegged earth mite, Halotydeus destructor, a member of the Penthalidae family of mites that are virtually uncharacterized genetically. Based on shallow genome sequencing followed by a genome assembly, we first identified contigs of the H. destructor parasodium channel gene. By linking variation in this gene to known resistant phenotypes, we located a single nucleotide polymorphism in resistant mites. This polymorphism results in a leucine (L) to phenylalanine (F) amino acid substitution in the II6 region (predicted) of the gene (L1024F). This novel mutation has not previously been linked to pyrethroid resistance, although other polymorphisms have been identified in the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae at the same locus (L1024V). The sequencing approach was successful in generating a candidate polymorphism that was then validated using laboratory bioassays and field surveys. A high throughput Illumina-based sequencing diagnostic was developed to rapidly assess resistance allele frequencies in pools of mites sourced from hundreds of populations across Australia. Resistance was confirmed to be widespread in the southern wheatbelt region of Western Australia. Two different resistance mutations were identified in field populations, both resulting in the same amino acid substitution. The frequency and distribution of resistance amplicon haplotypes suggests at least two, and probably more independent origins of resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas K Walsh
- CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Suzanne Metcalfe
- CSIRO, Ecosystem Sciences Precinct, 41 Boggo Rd, Brisbane, QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ary A Hoffmann
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Peter Mangano
- Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Ct, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Alan Lord
- Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 3 Baron-Hay Ct, South Perth, WA 6151, Australia
| | - Svetlana Micic
- Department of Agriculture and Food Western Australia, 444 Albany Highway, Albany, WA 6330, Australia
| | - Paul A Umina
- School of BioSciences, Bio21 Institute, The University of Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia; Cesar, 293 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Elfekih S, Tay WT, Gordon K, Court LN, De Barro PJ. Standardized molecular diagnostic tool for the identification of cryptic species within the Bemisia tabaci complex. Pest Manag Sci 2018; 74:170-173. [PMID: 28736873 DOI: 10.1002/ps.4676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The whitefly Bemisia tabaci complex harbours over 40 cryptic species that have been placed in 11 phylogenetically distinct clades based on the molecular characterization of partial mitochondrial DNA COI (mtCOI) gene region. Four cryptic species are currently within the invasive clade, i.e. MED, MEAM1, MEAM2 and IO. Correct identification of these species is a critical step towards implementing reliable measures for plant biosecurity and border protection; however, no standardized B. tabaci-specific primers are currently available which has caused inconsistencies in the species identification processes. RESULTS We report three sets of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primers developed to amplify the mtCOI region which can be used for genotyping MED, MEAM1 and IO species, and tested these primers on 91 MED, 35 MEAM1 and five IO individuals. PCR and sequencing of amplicons identified a total of 21, six and one haplotypes in MED, MEAM1 and IO respectively, of which six haplotypes were new to the B. tabaci database. CONCLUSION These primer pairs enabled standardization and robust molecular species identification via mtCOI screening of the targeted invasive cryptic species and will improve quarantine decisions. Use of this diagnostic tool could be extended to other species within the complex. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, ACT, Australia
| | - Karl Gordon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, ACT, Australia
| | - Leon N Court
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, ACT, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Guedes JVC, Arnemann JA, Curioletti LE, Burtet LM, Ramírez-Paredes ML, Noschang D, Irala de Oliveira F, Tay WT. First record of soybean stem fly Melanagromyza sojae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Paraguay confirmed by molecular evidence. Genet Mol Res 2017; 16:gmr-16-03-gmr.16039707. [PMID: 28829894 DOI: 10.4238/gmr16039707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
We provided the first scientific record of Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner, 1900), through molecular characterization of partial mtDNA COI gene, that confirms the occurrence of this pest in Paraguay. Previously reported in Brazil, an outbreak of larvae of M. sojae known as the soybean stem fly (SSF) that belongs to the family Agromyzidae, was also noted in soybean fields from the Canindeyú, Alto Paraná and Itapúa Departments in Paraguay. This pest is highly polyphagous, attacking various host plant species from the family Fabaceae, such as soybean and other beans. The implications of SSF detection in Paraguay are discussed in relation to the current soybean cultivation practices from this agriculturally important South American region, including Brazil.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J V C Guedes
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, , , Brasil
| | - J A Arnemann
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, , , Brasil
| | | | - L M Burtet
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, , , Brasil
| | - M L Ramírez-Paredes
- Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias - Hohenau, Universidad Católica "Nuestra Señora de la Asunción", Campus Itapúa, Paraguay
| | - D Noschang
- Solum Paraguay, Mariscal, Lopez 3811, , , Paraguay
| | - F Irala de Oliveira
- Syngenta, Calle Emilio Bobadilla Cáceres, Country Club, Hernandarias, Alto Paraná, Paraguay
| | - W T Tay
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation - CSIRO, , , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Pearce SL, Clarke DF, East PD, Elfekih S, Gordon KHJ, Jermiin LS, McGaughran A, Oakeshott JG, Papanicolaou A, Perera OP, Rane RV, Richards S, Tay WT, Walsh TK, Anderson A, Anderson CJ, Asgari S, Board PG, Bretschneider A, Campbell PM, Chertemps T, Christeller JT, Coppin CW, Downes SJ, Duan G, Farnsworth CA, Good RT, Han LB, Han YC, Hatje K, Horne I, Huang YP, Hughes DST, Jacquin-Joly E, James W, Jhangiani S, Kollmar M, Kuwar SS, Li S, Liu NY, Maibeche MT, Miller JR, Montagne N, Perry T, Qu J, Song SV, Sutton GG, Vogel H, Walenz BP, Xu W, Zhang HJ, Zou Z, Batterham P, Edwards OR, Feyereisen R, Gibbs RA, Heckel DG, McGrath A, Robin C, Scherer SE, Worley KC, Wu YD. Erratum to: Genomic innovations, transcriptional plasticity and gene loss underlying the evolution and divergence of two highly polyphagous and invasive Helicoverpa pest species. BMC Biol 2017; 15:69. [PMID: 28810920 PMCID: PMC5557573 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0413-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S L Pearce
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - D F Clarke
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - P D East
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - S Elfekih
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - K H J Gordon
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
| | - L S Jermiin
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - A McGaughran
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - J G Oakeshott
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
| | - A Papanicolaou
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,Hawksbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - O P Perera
- Southern Insect Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS, USA
| | - R V Rane
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - S Richards
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - W T Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - T K Walsh
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - A Anderson
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - C J Anderson
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S Asgari
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - P G Board
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - P M Campbell
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - T Chertemps
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France.,National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Versailles, France
| | | | - C W Coppin
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | | | - G Duan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - C A Farnsworth
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - R T Good
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - L B Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Y C Han
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - K Hatje
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany
| | - I Horne
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Y P Huang
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - D S T Hughes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Jacquin-Joly
- National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Versailles, France
| | - W James
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - S Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Kollmar
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany
| | - S S Kuwar
- Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - S Li
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - N-Y Liu
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - M T Maibeche
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France.,National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Versailles, France
| | - J R Miller
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - N Montagne
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - T Perry
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - J Qu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S V Song
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - G G Sutton
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - H Vogel
- Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - B P Walenz
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - W Xu
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - H-J Zhang
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.,Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Z Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - P Batterham
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | | | - R Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Denmark
| | - R A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D G Heckel
- Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - A McGrath
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - C Robin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - S E Scherer
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K C Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Y D Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Wang J, Wang H, Liu S, Liu L, Tay WT, Walsh TK, Yang Y, Wu Y. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing of Helicoverpa armigera with mutations of an ABC transporter gene HaABCA2 confers resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Cry2A toxins. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 2017; 87:147-153. [PMID: 28705634 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
High levels of resistance to Bt toxin Cry2Ab have been identified to be genetically linked with loss of function mutations of an ABC transporter gene (ABCA2) in two lepidopteran insects, Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa punctigera. To further confirm the causal relationship between the ABCA2 gene (HaABCA2) and Cry2Ab resistance in H. armigera, two HaABCA2 knockout strains were created from the susceptible SCD strain with the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system. One strain (SCD-A2KO1) is homozygous for a 2-bp deletion in exon 2 of HaABCA2 created by non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). The other strain (SCD-A2KO2) is homozygous for a 5-bp deletion in exon 18 of HaABCA2 made by homology-directed repair (HDR), which was produced to mimic the r2 resistance allele of a field-derived Cry2Ab-resistant strain from Australia. Both knockout strains obtained high levels of resistance to both Cry2Aa (>120-fold) and Cry2Ab (>100-fold) compared with the original SCD strain, but no or very limited resistance to Cry1Ac (<4-fold). Resistance to Cry2Ab in both knockouts is recessive, and genetic complementary tests confirmed Cry2Ab resistance alleles are at the same locus (i.e. HaABCA2) for the two strains. Brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) of midguts from both knockout strains lost binding with Cry2Ab, but maintained the same binding with Cry1Ac as the SCD strain. In vivo functional evidence from this study demonstrates knockout of HaABCA2 confers high levels of resistance to both Cry2Aa and Cry2Ab, confirming that HaABCA2 plays a key role in mediating toxicity of both Cry2Aa and Cry2Ab against H. armigera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Huidong Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Shaoyan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Laipan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
| | - Thomas K Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia.
| | - Yihua Yang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yidong Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Pearce SL, Clarke DF, East PD, Elfekih S, Gordon KHJ, Jermiin LS, McGaughran A, Oakeshott JG, Papanicolaou A, Perera OP, Rane RV, Richards S, Tay WT, Walsh TK, Anderson A, Anderson CJ, Asgari S, Board PG, Bretschneider A, Campbell PM, Chertemps T, Christeller JT, Coppin CW, Downes SJ, Duan G, Farnsworth CA, Good RT, Han LB, Han YC, Hatje K, Horne I, Huang YP, Hughes DST, Jacquin-Joly E, James W, Jhangiani S, Kollmar M, Kuwar SS, Li S, Liu NY, Maibeche MT, Miller JR, Montagne N, Perry T, Qu J, Song SV, Sutton GG, Vogel H, Walenz BP, Xu W, Zhang HJ, Zou Z, Batterham P, Edwards OR, Feyereisen R, Gibbs RA, Heckel DG, McGrath A, Robin C, Scherer SE, Worley KC, Wu YD. Genomic innovations, transcriptional plasticity and gene loss underlying the evolution and divergence of two highly polyphagous and invasive Helicoverpa pest species. BMC Biol 2017; 15:63. [PMID: 28756777 PMCID: PMC5535293 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-017-0402-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicoverpa armigera and Helicoverpa zea are major caterpillar pests of Old and New World agriculture, respectively. Both, particularly H. armigera, are extremely polyphagous, and H. armigera has developed resistance to many insecticides. Here we use comparative genomics, transcriptomics and resequencing to elucidate the genetic basis for their properties as pests. RESULTS We find that, prior to their divergence about 1.5 Mya, the H. armigera/H. zea lineage had accumulated up to more than 100 more members of specific detoxification and digestion gene families and more than 100 extra gustatory receptor genes, compared to other lepidopterans with narrower host ranges. The two genomes remain very similar in gene content and order, but H. armigera is more polymorphic overall, and H. zea has lost several detoxification genes, as well as about 50 gustatory receptor genes. It also lacks certain genes and alleles conferring insecticide resistance found in H. armigera. Non-synonymous sites in the expanded gene families above are rapidly diverging, both between paralogues and between orthologues in the two species. Whole genome transcriptomic analyses of H. armigera larvae show widely divergent responses to different host plants, including responses among many of the duplicated detoxification and digestion genes. CONCLUSIONS The extreme polyphagy of the two heliothines is associated with extensive amplification and neofunctionalisation of genes involved in host finding and use, coupled with versatile transcriptional responses on different hosts. H. armigera's invasion of the Americas in recent years means that hybridisation could generate populations that are both locally adapted and insecticide resistant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S L Pearce
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - D F Clarke
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - P D East
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - S Elfekih
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - K H J Gordon
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
| | - L S Jermiin
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - A McGaughran
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - J G Oakeshott
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia.
| | - A Papanicolaou
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- Hawksbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - O P Perera
- Southern Insect Management Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS, USA
| | - R V Rane
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - S Richards
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - W T Tay
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - T K Walsh
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - A Anderson
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - C J Anderson
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, UK
| | - S Asgari
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane St Lucia, QLD, Australia
| | - P G Board
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | | | - P M Campbell
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - T Chertemps
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
- National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Versailles, France
| | | | - C W Coppin
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | | | - G Duan
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - C A Farnsworth
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - R T Good
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - L B Han
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Y C Han
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - K Hatje
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany
| | - I Horne
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - Y P Huang
- Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - D S T Hughes
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - E Jacquin-Joly
- National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Versailles, France
| | - W James
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - S Jhangiani
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - M Kollmar
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Gottingen, Germany
| | - S S Kuwar
- Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - S Li
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - N-Y Liu
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control of Yunnan Province, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - M T Maibeche
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
- National Institute for Agricultural Research (INRA), Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Versailles, France
| | - J R Miller
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - N Montagne
- Sorbonnes Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences of Paris, Paris, France
| | - T Perry
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - J Qu
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - S V Song
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - G G Sutton
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - H Vogel
- Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - B P Walenz
- J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - W Xu
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - H-J Zhang
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Z Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - P Batterham
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | | | - R Feyereisen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej, Denmark
| | - R A Gibbs
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D G Heckel
- Max Planck Institute of Chemical Ecology, Jena, Germany
| | - A McGrath
- CSIRO Black Mountain, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, 2600, Australia
| | - C Robin
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Vic, Australia
| | - S E Scherer
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K C Worley
- Human Genome Sequencing Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Y D Wu
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Tay WT, Walsh TK, Downes S, Anderson C, Jermiin LS, Wong TKF, Piper MC, Chang ES, Macedo IB, Czepak C, Behere GT, Silvie P, Soria MF, Frayssinet M, Gordon KHJ. Mitochondrial DNA and trade data support multiple origins of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) in Brazil. Sci Rep 2017; 7:45302. [PMID: 28350004 PMCID: PMC5368605 DOI: 10.1038/srep45302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The Old World bollworm Helicoverpa armigera is now established in Brazil but efforts to identify incursion origin(s) and pathway(s) have met with limited success due to the patchiness of available data. Using international agricultural/horticultural commodity trade data and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I (COI) and cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene markers, we inferred the origins and incursion pathways into Brazil. We detected 20 mtDNA haplotypes from six Brazilian states, eight of which were new to our 97 global COI-Cyt b haplotype database. Direct sequence matches indicated five Brazilian haplotypes had Asian, African, and European origins. We identified 45 parsimoniously informative sites and multiple substitutions per site within the concatenated (945 bp) nucleotide dataset, implying that probabilistic phylogenetic analysis methods are needed. High diversity and signatures of uniquely shared haplotypes with diverse localities combined with the trade data suggested multiple incursions and introduction origins in Brazil. Increasing agricultural/horticultural trade activities between the Old and New Worlds represents a significant biosecurity risk factor. Identifying pest origins will enable resistance profiling that reflects countries of origin to be included when developing a resistance management strategy, while identifying incursion pathways will improve biosecurity protocols and risk analysis at biosecurity hotspots including national ports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas K. Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Sharon Downes
- CSIRO, Myall Vale Laboratories, Kamilaroi Highway, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia
| | - Craig Anderson
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK
| | - Lars S. Jermiin
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Thomas K. F. Wong
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
- Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Melissa C. Piper
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Ester Silva Chang
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Biociências, São Paulo, SP, 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Isabella Barony Macedo
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Faculdade de Farmácia, Belo Horizonte, MG, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Cecilia Czepak
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Escola de Agronomia, Goiânia, GO, 75804-020, Brazil
| | - Gajanan T. Behere
- Division of Crop Protection, ICAR Research Complex for North East Hill Region, Umroi Road, Umiam, Meghalaya, 793103, India
| | - Pierre Silvie
- IRD, UMR EGCE, FR-91198 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
- CIRAD, UPR AÏDA, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Miguel F. Soria
- Bayer S.A., Crop Science Division, São Paulo, SP, 04779-900, Brazil
| | | | - Karl H. J. Gordon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Anderson CJ, Tay WT, McGaughran A, Gordon K, Walsh TK. Population structure and gene flow in the global pest, Helicoverpa armigera. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:5296-5311. [PMID: 27661785 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Revised: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera is a major agricultural pest that is distributed across Europe, Asia, Africa and Australasia. This species is hypothesized to have spread to the Americas 1.5 million years ago, founding a population that is at present, a distinct species, Helicoverpa zea. In 2013, H. armigera was confirmed to have re-entered South America via Brazil and subsequently spread. The source of the recent incursion is unknown and population structure in H. armigera is poorly resolved, but a basic understanding would highlight potential biosecurity failures and determine the recent evolutionary history of region-specific lineages. Here, we integrate several end points derived from high-throughput sequencing to assess gene flow in H. armigera and H. zea from populations across six continents. We first assemble mitochondrial genomes to demonstrate the phylogenetic relationship of H. armigera with other Heliothine species and the lack of distinction between populations. We subsequently use de novo genotyping-by-sequencing and whole-genome sequences aligned to bacterial artificial chromosomes, to assess levels of admixture. Primarily, we find that Brazilian H. armigera are derived from diverse source populations, with strong signals of gene flow from European populations, as well as prevalent signals of Asian and African ancestry. We also demonstrate a potential field-caught hybrid between H. armigera and H. zea, and are able to provide genomic support for the presence of the H. armigera conferta subspecies in Australasia. While structure among the bulk of populations remains unresolved, we present distinctions that are pertinent to future investigations as well as to the biosecurity threat posed by H. armigera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C J Anderson
- Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling, FK9 4LA, UK. .,Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia.
| | - W T Tay
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - A McGaughran
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia.,School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - K Gordon
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - T K Walsh
- Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Arnemann JA, Tay WT, Walsh TK, Brier H, Gordon K, Hickmann F, Ugalde G, Guedes JVC. Soybean Stem Fly, Melanagromyza sojae (Diptera: Agromyzidae), in the New World: detection of high genetic diversity from soybean fields in Brazil. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8610. [PMID: 27420989 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15028610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Soybean Stem Fly (SSF), Melanagromyza sojae (Zehntner), belongs to the family Agromyzidae and is highly polyphagous, attacking many plant species of the family Fabaceae, including soybean and other beans. SSF is regarded as one of the most important pests in soybean fields of Asia (e.g., China, India), North East Africa (e.g., Egypt), parts of Russia, and South East Asia. Despite reports of Agromyzidae flies infesting soybean fields in Rio Grande do Sul State (Brazil) in 1983 and 2009 and periodic interceptions of SSF since the 1940s by the USA quarantine authorities, SSF has not been officially reported to have successfully established in the North and South Americas. In South America, M. sojae was recently confirmed using morphology and its complete mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) was characterized. In the present study, we surveyed the genetic diversity of M. sojae, collected directly from soybean host plants, using partial mtDNA cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene, and provide evidence of multiple (>10) maternal lineages in SSF populations in South America, potentially representing multiple incursion events. However, a single incursion involving multiple-female founders could not be ruled out. We identified a haplotype that was common in the fields of two Brazilian states and the individuals collected from Australia in 2013. The implications of SSF incursions in southern Brazil are discussed in relation to the current soybean agricultural practices, highlighting an urgent need for better understanding of SSF population movements in the New World, which is necessary for developing effective management options for this significant soybean pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Arnemann
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Black Mountain, Australia
| | - W T Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Black Mountain, Australia
| | - T K Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Black Mountain, Australia
| | - H Brier
- Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Forestry, Kingaroy, Australia
| | - K Gordon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Black Mountain, Australia
| | - F Hickmann
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - G Ugalde
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - J V C Guedes
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Camobi, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Downes S, Walsh T, Tay WT. Bt resistance in Australian insect pest species. Curr Opin Insect Sci 2016; 15:78-83. [PMID: 27436735 DOI: 10.1016/j.cois.2016.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bt cotton was initially deployed in Australia in the mid-1990s to control the polyphagous pest Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) which was intractably resistant to synthetic chemistries. A conservative strategy was enforced and resistance to first generation single toxin technology was managed. A decade later, shortly after the release of dual toxin cotton, high baseline frequencies of alleles conferring resistance to one of its components prompted a reassessment of the thinking behind the potential risks to this technology. Several reviews detail the characteristics of this resistance and the nuances of deploying first and second generation Bt cotton in Australia. Here we explore recent advances and future possibilities to estimate Bt resistance in Australian pest species and define what we see as the critical data for enabling effective pre-emptive strategies. We also foreshadow the imminent deployment of three toxin (Cry1Ac, Cry2Ab, Vip3A) Bollgard 3 cotton, and examine aspects of resistance to its novel component, Vip3A, that we believe may impact on its stewardship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Downes
- CSIRO, Myall Vale Laboratories, Kamilaroi Highway, Narrabri, NSW 2390, Australia.
| | - Tom Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Tay WT, Beckett SJ, De Barro PJ. Phosphine resistance in Australian Cryptolestes species (Coleoptera: Laemophloeidae): perspectives from mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I analysis. Pest Manag Sci 2016; 72:1250-1259. [PMID: 24753308 DOI: 10.1002/ps.3805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The flat grain beetle (FGB) species Cryptolestes ferrugineus, C. pusillus, C. pusilloides and C. turcicus are major stored-product pests worldwide, of which the first three are present in Australia. C. ferrugineus is also a species with high phosphine resistance status in various countries. Morphological identification of Cryptolestes species is difficult and represents an additional barrier to effective management of phosphine resistance in FGBs. RESULT Mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase I (mtDNA COI) gene characterisation enabled differentiation of the four major FGB pest species through direct sequence comparison, and enabled the development of a PCR-RFLP method for rapid species differentiation. We detected two mtDNA haplotypes (Cunk-01, 02) present at low frequencies with an average nucleotide divergence rate of 0.079 ± 0.011 (SE) from C. pusillus. This nucleotide divergence rate is similar to that between C. ferrugineus and C. pusilloides (0.088 ± 0.012). Male and female genitalia morphologies of the Cunk-02 individuals indicated they were consistent with C. pusillus, yet DNA sequence analyses suggested species-level divergence. The mtDNA COI gene of phosphine-bioassayed, lab-reared F1 generation survivors supported the presence of strong phosphine resistance in C. ferrugineus, but unexpectedly also in C. pusilloides and C. pusillus F1 survivors. CONCLUSION We demonstrated the utility of molecular DNA techniques for differentiating closely related insect species, and its usefulness in assisting the management of pest insect species. The likely presence of a cryptic C. pusillus species in Australia and the possible development of strong phosphine resistance in Australian FGB pest species require further investigation. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- Biosecurity Flagship, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Black Mountain Laboratories, ACT, Australia
- Plant Biosecurity Cooperative Research Centre, Bruce, ACT, Australia
| | - Stephen J Beckett
- Biosecurity Flagship, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Black Mountain Laboratories, ACT, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Arnemann JA, James WJ, Walsh TK, Guedes JVC, Smagghe G, Castiglioni E, Tay WT. Mitochondrial DNA COI characterization of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Paraguay and Uruguay. Genet Mol Res 2016; 15:gmr8292. [PMID: 27173209 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15028292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Since its detection in Brazil in 2013, the Old World cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera has been reported in Argentina, Paraguay, and Bolivia. Here we present evidence extending the South American range of H. armigera to Uruguay, using polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of the partial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) cytochrome oxidase I region. Molecular characterization of this gene region from individuals from Paraguay also supports previous morphological identification of H. armigera in Paraguay. Shared mtDNA haplotypes in H. armigera from Brazil, Uruguay, and Paraguay were identified. Additional surveying of populations in this region will be imperative to better monitor and understand factors that are underpinning its presence and successful adaptation in these South American regions. We discuss our findings with respect to the development of resistance pest management strategies of this invasive insect pest in a predominantly monoculture soybean crop landscape in the Southern Cone region.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J A Arnemann
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia.,Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil.,Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - W J James
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia
| | - T K Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia
| | - J V C Guedes
- Departamento de Defesa Fitossanitária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brasil
| | - G Smagghe
- Department of Crop Protection, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - E Castiglioni
- Centro Universitario de la Región Este, Department of Crop Protection, Agronomy Faculty, Universidad de la República Oriental del Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - W T Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Arnemann JA, Walsh TK, Gordon KHJ, Brier H, Guedes JVC, Tay WT. Complete mitochondrial genome of the soybean stem fly Melanagromyza sojae (Diptera: Agromyzidae). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2016; 27:4534-4535. [PMID: 27159717 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1101550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the complete mitochondrial DNA genome of the soybean stem fly (SSF) Melanagromyza sojae from Brazil Santa Catarina state based on Illumina MiSeq sequence data. The estimated mitogenome is 15 475 base pairs (bp) (KT597923), with 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), two ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, and 22 tRNAs, and an estimated 579 bp AT-rich control region. Similar to other insects, the SSF mitogenome is A-T bias with 40.9% A, 36.7% T, 13.6% C, and 8.8% G. Molecular characterization of SSF mitogenome will facilitate the development of effective molecular markers, and robust and rapid identification of suspected biosecurity incursions and field infestations of this insect pest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas André Arnemann
- a Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO , Canberra , ACT , Australia.,b Department of Crop Protection , Federal University of Santa Maria (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria) , Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State , Brazil , and
| | - Tom K Walsh
- a Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Karl H J Gordon
- a Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Hugh Brier
- c Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry , Kingaroy , Qld , Australia
| | - Jerson Vanderlei Carús Guedes
- b Department of Crop Protection , Federal University of Santa Maria (Universidade Federal de Santa Maria) , Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State , Brazil , and
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- a Black Mountain Laboratories, CSIRO , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Tay WT, Mahon RJ, Heckel DG, Walsh TK, Downes S, James WJ, Lee SF, Reineke A, Williams AK, Gordon KHJ. Insect Resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis Toxin Cry2Ab Is Conferred by Mutations in an ABC Transporter Subfamily A Protein. PLoS Genet 2015; 11:e1005534. [PMID: 26583651 PMCID: PMC4652872 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1005534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of conventional chemical insecticides and bacterial toxins to control lepidopteran pests of global agriculture has imposed significant selection pressure leading to the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance. Transgenic crops (e.g., cotton) expressing the Bt Cry toxins are now used world wide to control these pests, including the highly polyphagous and invasive cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera. Since 2004, the Cry2Ab toxin has become widely used for controlling H. armigera, often used in combination with Cry1Ac to delay resistance evolution. Isolation of H. armigera and H. punctigera individuals heterozygous for Cry2Ab resistance in 2002 and 2004, respectively, allowed aspects of Cry2Ab resistance (level, fitness costs, genetic dominance, complementation tests) to be characterised in both species. However, the gene identity and genetic changes conferring this resistance were unknown, as was the detailed Cry2Ab mode of action. No cross-resistance to Cry1Ac was observed in mutant lines. Biphasic linkage analysis of a Cry2Ab-resistant H. armigera family followed by exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC) marker mapping and candidate gene sequencing identified three independent resistance-associated INDEL mutations in an ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter gene we named HaABCA2. A deletion mutation was also identified in the H. punctigera homolog from the resistant line. All mutations truncate the ABCA2 protein. Isolation of further Cry2Ab resistance alleles in the same gene from field H. armigera populations indicates unequal resistance allele frequencies and the potential for Bt resistance evolution. Identification of the gene involved in resistance as an ABC transporter of the A subfamily adds to the body of evidence on the crucial role this gene family plays in the mode of action of the Bt Cry toxins. The structural differences between the ABCA2, and that of the C subfamily required for Cry1Ac toxicity, indicate differences in the detailed mode-of-action of the two Bt Cry toxins. Transgenic crops expressing the insecticidal protein Cry2Ab from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) are used worldwide to suppress damage by lepidopteran pests, often used in combination with Cry1Ac toxin to delay resistance evolution. Until now, the Cry2Ab mode of action and the mechanism of resistance were unknown, with field-isolated Cry2Ab resistant Helicoverpa armigera showing no cross-resistance to Cry1Ac. In this study, biphasic linkage analysis of a Cry2Ab-resistant H. armigera family followed by EPIC marker mapping and candidate gene sequencing identified three independent INDEL mutations in an ATP-Binding Cassette transporter subfamily A gene (ABCA2). A deletion mutation was identified in the same gene of resistant H. punctigera. All four mutations are predicted to truncate the ABCA2 protein. This is the first molecular genetic characterization of insect resistance to the Cry2Ab toxin, and detection of diverse Cry2Ab resistance alleles will contribute to understanding the micro-evolutionary processes that underpinned lepidopteran Bt-resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Rod J. Mahon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - David G. Heckel
- Department of Entomology, Max-Planck Institute for Chemical Ecology, Beutenberg Campus, Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas K. Walsh
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Sharon Downes
- CSIRO, Australian Cotton Research Institute, Narrabri, New South Wales, Australia
| | - William J. James
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Sui-Fai Lee
- Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Annette Reineke
- Institute for Phytomedicine, Center of Applied Biology, Geisenheim University, Geiesenheim, Germany
| | - Adam K. Williams
- Department of Genetics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Karl H. J. Gordon
- CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
de Souza BR, Tay WT, Czepak C, Elfekih S, Walsh TK. The complete mitochondrial DNA genome of a Chloridea (Heliothis) subflexa (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) morpho-species. Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2015; 27:4532-4533. [PMID: 26540586 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1101549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the complete mitogenome of a pheromone-trapped morpho-species of Chloridea subflexa from Brazil (initially identified by the Sanger sequencing of partial mtCOI gene) as 15 323 bp (KT598688) via next generation sequencing platform. The mitogenome has an A/T rich base composition (A: 40.4%; T: 40.3%; C: 11.5%; G: 7.8%), and included 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, 2 ribosomal RNAs and a putative replication region (ca. 323 bp). All PCGs start with a methionine (M) amino acid except the COI gene which has an arginine (R). The trnL2 and trn-Lys genes were partially embedded within the COII gene, while the trn-His gene was completely embedded within the ND4 gene. All PCGs ends with the "TAA" stop codon except ND3 which has a "TAG" stop codon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Raquel de Souza
- a CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , ACT , Australia.,b Centro De Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina (UFSC) , Florianópolis, SC , Brazil , and
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- a CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | - Cecilia Czepak
- c Escola De Agronomia, Universidade Federal De Goiás (UFG) , Goiânia , Brasil
| | - Samia Elfekih
- a CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , ACT , Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Piper MC, van Helden M, Court LN, Tay WT. Complete mitochondrial genome of the European Grapevine moth (EGVM) Lobesia botrana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2015; 27:3759-60. [PMID: 26394129 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2015.1079893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Lobesia botrana larvae feed on grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.), thereby reducing crop yield and increasing crop susceptibility to fungal and bacterial attacks. We determined the circular mitochondrial genome of L. botrana as 15 229 bp (GenBank KP677508) and contained 13 protein coding genes (PCG's), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNA), and two ribosomal RNAs. All tRNAs have the "clover-shaped" 2-D structures, while the tRNA-Ile which has the TψC-stem but lacked the TψC-loop. Knowledge of L. botrana mitochondrial genome represents a valuable molecular resource for developing effective DNA identification tools for biosecurity purposes and will contribute to better understanding of its evolutionary and population genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Maarten van Helden
- b Integrated Pest Management, Agro-Ecology, Bordeaux University , Bordeaux , France
| | - Leon N Court
- a CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , Australia and
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- a CSIRO, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , Australia and
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Roberts JMK, Anderson DL, Tay WT. Multiple host shifts by the emerging honeybee parasite, Varroa jacobsoni. Mol Ecol 2015; 24:2379-91. [PMID: 25846956 DOI: 10.1111/mec.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Host shifts are a key mechanism of parasite evolution and responsible for the emergence of many economically important pathogens. Varroa destructor has been a major factor in global honeybee (Apis mellifera) declines since shifting hosts from the Asian honeybee (Apis cerana) > 50 years ago. Until recently, only two haplotypes of V. destructor (Korea and Japan) had successfully host shifted to A. mellifera. In 2008, the sister species V. jacobsoni was found for the first time parasitizing A. mellifera in Papua New Guinea (PNG). This recent host shift presents a serious threat to world apiculture but also provides the opportunity to examine host shifting in this system. We used 12 microsatellites to compare genetic variation of V. jacobsoni on A. mellifera in PNG with mites on A. cerana in both PNG and surrounding regions. We identified two distinct lineages of V. jacobsoni reproducing on A. mellifera in PNG. Our analysis indicated independent host shift events have occurred through small numbers of mites shifting from local A. cerana populations. Additional lineages were found in the neighbouring Papua and Solomon Islands that had partially host shifted to A. mellifera, that is producing immature offspring on drone brood only. These mites were likely in transition to full colonization of A. mellifera. Significant population structure between mites on the different hosts suggested host shifted V. jacobsoni populations may not still reproduce on A. cerana, although limited gene flow may exist. Our studies provide further insight into parasite host shift evolution and help characterize this new Varroa mite threat to A. mellifera worldwide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J M K Roberts
- CSIRO, Clunies Ross Street, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Kriticos DJ, Ota N, Hutchison WD, Beddow J, Walsh T, Tay WT, Borchert DM, Paula-Moreas SV, Czepak C, Zalucki MP. The potential distribution of invading Helicoverpa armigera in North America: is it just a matter of time? PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119618. [PMID: 25786260 PMCID: PMC4364701 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera has recently invaded South and Central America, and appears to be spreading rapidly. We update a previously developed potential distribution model to highlight the global invasion threat, with emphasis on the risks to the United States. The continued range expansion of H. armigera in Central America is likely to change the invasion threat it poses to North America qualitatively, making natural dispersal from either the Caribbean islands or Mexico feasible. To characterise the threat posed by H. armigera, we collated the value of the major host crops in the United States growing within its modelled potential range, including that area where it could expand its range during favourable seasons. We found that the annual value of crops that would be exposed to H. armigera totalled approximately US$78 billion p.a., with US$843 million p.a. worth growing in climates that are optimal for the pest. Elsewhere, H. armigera has developed broad-spectrum pesticide resistance; meaning that if it invades the United States, protecting these crops from significant production impacts could be challenging. It may be cost-effective to undertake pre-emptive biosecurity activities such as slowing the spread of H. armigera throughout the Americas, improving the system for detecting H. armigera, and methods for rapid identification, especially distinguishing between H. armigera, H. zea and potential H. armigera x H. zea hybrids. Developing biological control programs, especially using inundative techniques with entomopathogens and parasitoids could slow the spread of H. armigera, and reduce selective pressure for pesticide resistance. The rapid spread of H. armigera through South America into Central America suggests that its spread into North America is a matter of time. The likely natural dispersal routes preclude aggressive incursion responses, emphasizing the value of preparatory communication with agricultural producers in areas suitable for invasion by H. armigera.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darren J. Kriticos
- CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072 Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Noboru Ota
- CSIRO, Private Bag 5, Wembley WA, Australia
| | - William D. Hutchison
- Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Jason Beddow
- Department of Applied Economics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States of America
| | - Tom Walsh
- CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Daniel M. Borchert
- Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service-Plant Protection and Quarantine-Center for Plant Health Science and Technology, Plant Epidemiology and Risk Analysis Laboratory, Raleigh, North Carolina, United States of America
| | | | - Cecília Czepak
- Escola de Agronomia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Goiás. Campus II, Caixa Postal 131, CEP, Goiânia, Brasil
| | - Myron P. Zalucki
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Queensland, Queensland, 4072 Australia
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Tay WT, Elfekih S, Court L, Gordon KH, De Barro PJ. Complete mitochondrial DNA genome of Bemisia tabaci cryptic pest species complex Asia I (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). Mitochondrial DNA A DNA Mapp Seq Anal 2014; 27:972-3. [PMID: 24960562 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2014.926511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The complete length of the Asia I member of the Bemisia tabaci species complex mitochondrial DNA genome (mitogenome) is 15,210 bp (GenBank accession no. KJ778614) with an A-T biased nucleotide composition (A: 32.7%; T: 42.4%; G: 14.0%; C: 10.8%). The mitogenome consists of 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA (rRNAs) and a 467 bp putative control region which also includes the A+T rich repeat region. All PCGs have an ATA (n = 8) or ATG (n = 5) start codon. Gene synteny of Asia I is overall similar to B. afer and two other members of the B. tabaci species complex Mediterranean and New World 1, and contains the tRNA-Ser2 located between the Cytb and ND1 genes found in Mediterranean and New World 1, but which is absent in B. afer. The orientation of the tRNA-Arg in Asia I is on the "plus" strand and differed from Mediterranean which is found on the "minus" strand. The Asia I mitogenome size is currently ranked the second smallest after B. afer (14,968 bp) followed by New World 1 (15,322 bp) and Mediterranean (15,632 bp).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W T Tay
- a CSIRO Biosecurity Flagship, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , Australia and
| | - S Elfekih
- a CSIRO Biosecurity Flagship, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , Australia and
| | - L Court
- a CSIRO Biosecurity Flagship, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , Australia and
| | - K H Gordon
- a CSIRO Biosecurity Flagship, Black Mountain Laboratories , Canberra , Australia and
| | - P J De Barro
- b CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences , Brisbane , Australia
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Chiang PPC, Lamoureux EL, Zheng Y, Tay WT, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Wong TY. Frequency and risk factors of non-retinopathy ocular conditions in people with diabetes: the Singapore Malay Eye Study. Diabet Med 2013; 30:e32-40. [PMID: 23074990 DOI: 10.1111/dme.12053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 08/28/2012] [Accepted: 10/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the frequency and risk factors of non-retinopathy ocular conditions in persons with diabetes. METHODS A population-based cross-sectional study of 3176 Malay persons aged between 40 and 79 years in Singapore was conducted. Cataract, glaucoma, refractive errors, age-related macular degeneration, dry eye, epiretinal membrane, ocular hypertension and retinal conditions were assessed based on standardized interviews, clinical examinations and laboratory investigations. RESULTS A total of 768 participants (24.2%) had diabetes. People with diabetes were more likely to have cortical cataract (52.1 vs. 37.3%, P < 0.001), ocular hypertension (10.9 vs. 7.4%, P = 0.002) and epiretinal membrane (17.2 vs. 10.1%, P < 0.001) compared with those without diabetes. The odds of having cortical cataract (odds ratio 1.63, 95% CI 1.20-2.20) and epiretinal membrane (among those with previous cataract surgery: odds ratio 1.63, 95% CI 1.20-2.20) were significantly higher in people with diabetes compared with those without. The population attributable risks for cortical cataract and epiretinal membrane because of diabetes were 8.7 and 9.0%, respectively. In persons with diabetes, hypertension and high cholesterol were the major risk factors associated with non-retinopathy eye complications such as ocular hypertension (odds ratio 1.18, 95% CI 1.04-1.33) and retinal emboli (odds ratio 1.99, 95% CI 1.05-3.80). CONCLUSION Our results allow clinicians to better inform patients with diabetes that they are more likely to have cortical cataract and epiretinal membranes (those with previous cataract surgery) in addition to diabetic retinopathy. Two modifiable risk factors-blood pressure and cholesterol associated with ocular hypertension and retinal emboli, respectively-are also risk factors for non-retinopathy ocular conditions in persons with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P P-C Chiang
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Behere GT, Tay WT, Russell DA, Kranthi KR, Batterham P. Population genetic structure of the cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in India as inferred from EPIC-PCR DNA markers. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53448. [PMID: 23326431 PMCID: PMC3543461 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera is an important pest of cotton and other agricultural crops in the Old World. Its wide host range, high mobility and fecundity, and the ability to adapt and develop resistance against all common groups of insecticides used for its management have exacerbated its pest status. An understanding of the population genetic structure in H. armigera under Indian agricultural conditions will help ascertain gene flow patterns across different agricultural zones. This study inferred the population genetic structure of Indian H. armigera using five Exon-Primed Intron-Crossing (EPIC)-PCR markers. Nested alternative EPIC markers detected moderate null allele frequencies (4.3% to 9.4%) in loci used to infer population genetic structure but the apparently genome-wide heterozygote deficit suggests in-breeding or a Wahlund effect rather than a null allele effect. Population genetic analysis of the 26 populations suggested significant genetic differentiation within India but especially in cotton-feeding populations in the 2006–07 cropping season. In contrast, overall pair-wise FST estimates from populations feeding on food crops indicated no significant population substructure irrespective of cropping seasons. A Baysian cluster analysis was used to assign the genetic make-up of individuals to likely membership of population clusters. Some evidence was found for four major clusters with individuals in two populations from cotton in one year (from two populations in northern India) showing especially high homogeneity. Taken as a whole, this study found evidence of population substructure at host crop, temporal and spatial levels in Indian H. armigera, without, however, a clear biological rationale for these structures being evident.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan Tryambak Behere
- Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Division of Entomology, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Research Complex for North Eastern Hill Region, Shilong, Meghalaya, India
| | - Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - Derek Alan Russell
- Department of Agriculture and Food Systems, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Philip Batterham
- Department of Genetics, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Abstract
Since Panayiotis Gennadius first identified the whitefly, Aleyrodes tabaci in 1889, there have been numerous revisions of the taxonomy of what has since become one of the world's most damaging insect pests. Most of the taxonomic revisions have been based on synonymising different species under the name Bemisia tabaci. It is now considered that there is sufficient biological, behavioural and molecular genetic data to support its being a cryptic species complex composed of at least 34 morphologically indistinguishable species. The first step in revising the taxonomy of this complex involves matching the A. tabaci collected in 1889 to one of the members of the species complex using molecular genetic data. To do this we extracted and then amplified a 496 bp fragment from the 3' end of the mitochondrial DNA cytochrome oxidase one (mtCOI) gene belonging to a single whitefly taken from Gennadius' original 1889 collection. The sequence identity of this 123 year-old specimen enabled unambiguous assignment to a single haplotype known from 13 Mediterranean locations across Greece and Tunisia. This enabled us to unambiguously assign the Gennadius A. tabaci to the member of the B. tabaci cryptic species complex known as Mediterranean or as it is commonly, but erroneously referred to, as the 'Q-biotype'. Mediterranean is therefore the real B. tabaci. This study demonstrates the importance of matching museum syntypes with known species to assist in the delimitation of cryptic species based on the organism's biology and molecular genetic data. This study is the first step towards the reclassification of B. tabaci which is central to an improved understanding how best to manage this globally important agricultural and horticultural insect pest complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wee Tek Tay
- CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|