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Ng PY, Chan VWS, Ip A, Ling L, Chan KM, Leung AKH, Chan KKC, So D, Shum HP, Ngai CW, Chan WM, Sin WC. Ten-year territory-wide trends in the utilisation and clinical outcomes of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2023; 29:514-523. [PMID: 37968897 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj2210025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The utilisation of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been rapidly increasing in Hong Kong. This study examined 10-year trends in the utilisation and clinical outcomes of ECMO in Hong Kong. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the records of all adult patients receiving ECMO who were admitted to the intensive care units (ICUs) of public hospitals in Hong Kong between 2010 and 2019. Temporal trends across years were assessed using the Mann-Kendall test. Observed hospital mortality was compared with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) IV-predicted mortality. RESULTS The annual number of patients receiving ECMO increased from 18 to 171 over 10 years. In total, 911 patients received ECMO during the study period: 297 (32.6%) received veno-arterial ECMO, 450 (49.4%) received veno-venous ECMO, and 164 (18.0%) received extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The annual number of patients aged ≥65 years increased from 0 to 47 (27.5%) [P for trend=0.001]. The median (interquartile range) Charlson Comorbidity Index increased from 1 (0-1) to 2 (1-3) [P for trend<0.001] while the median (interquartile range) APACHE IV score increased from 90 (57-112) to 105 (77-137) [P for trend=0.003]. The overall standardised mortality ratio comparing hospital mortality with APACHE IV-predicted mortality was 1.11 (95% confidence interval=1.01-1.22). Hospital and ICU length of stay both significantly decreased (P for trend=0.011 and <0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION As ECMO utilisation increased in Hong Kong, patients put on ECMO were older, more critically ill, and had more co-morbidities. It is important to combine service expansion with adequate resource allocation and training to maintain quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Y Ng
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Adult Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - V W S Chan
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A Ip
- Department of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - L Ling
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K M Chan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - A K H Leung
- Department of Intensive Care, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - K K C Chan
- Department of Intensive Care, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - D So
- Department of Intensive Care, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - H P Shum
- Department of Intensive Care, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C W Ngai
- Department of Adult Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W M Chan
- Department of Adult Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W C Sin
- Department of Adult Intensive Care, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Department of Anaesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ng SC, Chu AWH, Chan WM, Yip CCY, Leung KH, So CK, Leung JNS, To KKW, Lee CK. Re-examine the transfusion transmitted risk of SARS-CoV-2 virus during a major COVID-19 outbreak in 2022. Transfus Med 2023. [PMID: 37286528 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although no case of COVID-19 transmission through transfusion has been reported, blood transfusion service (BTS) continues to implement pre-donation and post-donation measures to minimise the risk. In year 2022, when local healthcare system was badly impacted by a major outbreak, it opened an opportunity to re-examine the viraemia risk in these asymptomatic donors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Records were retrieved from blood donors who reported COVID-19 after donation and follow-up was also made for recipients who received their blood. Blood samples at donation were tested for SARS-CoV-2 viraemia by single-tube nested real-time RT-PCR assay designed to detect most SARS-CoV-2 variants including the prevailing delta and omicron variants. RESULTS From 1 January to 15 August 2022, the city with 7.4 M inhabitants recorded 1 187 844 COVID-19 positive cases and 125 936 successful blood donations were received. 781 donors reported to the BTS after donation with 701 being COVID-19 related (including close contact and symptoms respiratory tract infection). 525 COVID-19 were positive at the time of call back or follow-up. Of the 701 donations, they were processed into 1480 components with 1073 discarded upon donors' call back. For remaining 407 components, no recipient was found to have adverse event or COVID-19 positive. 510 samples from the above 525 COVID-19 positive donors were available and all tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 RNA. DISCUSSION With the negative SARS-CoV-2 RNA in blood donation samples and follow up data in transfusion recipients, the risk of transfusion transmitted COVID-19 appears negligible. However, current measures remains important in securing blood safety with ongoing surveillance of their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Ng
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
| | - A W H Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - W M Chan
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C C Y Yip
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - K H Leung
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C K So
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
| | - J N S Leung
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
| | - K K W To
- State Key Laboratory for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Carol Yu Centre for Infection, Department of Microbiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - C K Lee
- Hong Kong Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service, Hong Kong, China
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To HHM, Kwan AMC, Leung NYY, Chan WM, Ngai CW, Wong ASK, Tsai PNW, Ma TSK, Yam I, Ng PY, Yap DYH. A prospective study on serum citrate levels and clinical correlations in patients receiving regional citrate anticoagulation. Clin Kidney J 2022; 16:285-292. [PMID: 36755836 PMCID: PMC9900571 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfac223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current ways to diagnose citrate accumulation (CA) in patients receiving regional citrate anticoagulation (RCA) continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) are confounded by various clinical factors. Serum citrate measurement emerges as a more direct way to diagnose CA, but its clinical utility and optimal cut-off values remain undefined. This study examined serum citrate kinetics and its diagnostic performance for CA in patients receiving RCA CRRT. Methods A multicentre prospective study was carried out in two tertiary referral centre intensive care units in Hong Kong with serum citrate levels measured at baseline and 2, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h after initiation of RCA CRRT and their relationships with the development of CA. Results Among the 133 patients analysed, 18 patients (13.5%) developed CA. The serum citrate levels at baseline and 2, 6 and 12 h after initiation of RCA CRRT in patients who had CA were significantly higher than the non-CA group (P < .001 for all). The CA group also had higher serum citrate levels than the non-CA group {median 0.93 mmol/L [interquartile range (IQR) 0.81-1.16) versus 0.37 mmol/L (IQR 0.26-0.57), P < .001}. Using a cut-off of 0.85 mmol/L, the serum citrate level had a sensitivity of 0.77 and a specificity 0.96 for the diagnosis of CA [area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) 0.90, P < .001]. The 2-h and 6-h serum citrate levels had good discriminatory abilities for predicting subsequent development of CA (AUROC 0.86 and 0.83 for 2-h and 6-h citrate levels using cut-off values of 0.34 and 0.63 mmol/L, respectively; P < .001). Conclusion Serum citrate levels were significantly higher in patients with CA compared with patients without CA. Serum citrate levels showed good performance in diagnosing and predicting the development of CA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harmony H M To
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Arthur M C Kwan
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive care, Tuen Mun Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - W M Chan
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - C W Ngai
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | | | - Polly N W Tsai
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Tammy S K Ma
- Adult Intensive Care Unit, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - Irene Yam
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Cheung RYM, Chan SKC, Chui H, Chan WM, Ngai SYS. Enhancing Parental Well-being: Initial Efficacy of a 21-Day Online Self-help Mindfulness-Based Intervention for Parents. Mindfulness (N Y) 2022; 13:2812-2826. [PMID: 36248240 PMCID: PMC9540077 DOI: 10.1007/s12671-022-01998-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Parental self-care is extremely important in the face of stress throughout parenthood. A 21-day online mindfulness-based intervention was developed that was aimed at enhancing parental well-being. The present study evaluated this intervention by examining its initial efficacy on parents’ mindfulness, parenting stress, subjective well-being, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Methods Participants were 273 parents (90.11% mothers) who were randomly assigned to the 21-day mindfulness-based intervention group (n = 136) or waitlist control group (n = 137). Pre-intervention assessment, immediate post-intervention assessment, and 30-day follow-up assessment were conducted to assess parents’ mindfulness, parenting stress, subjective well-being, and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Results Linear mixed models indicated that the group × time effects on subjective well-being, anxiety symptoms, and mindfulness were significant, after controlling for sex, age, education, income, habit of mindfulness practice, hours of weekly mindfulness practice, and diagnostic history of psychiatric disorder. Follow-up analyses indicated that compared to baseline, participants from the intervention group reported significantly greater subjective well-being and mindfulness, and fewer symptoms of anxiety than did those from the waitlist control group. The group × time effects on parenting stress and depressive symptoms were non-significant. Exploratory findings further suggested practicality and perceived acceptability of the intervention. Conclusions This study showed initial efficacy of a 21-day online mindfulness-based intervention on parents’ subjective well-being, anxiety symptoms, and mindfulness. The findings inform researchers and practitioners about the utility of a brief mindfulness-based intervention in promotion parental well-being. Other areas of feasibility warrant future investigation.
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Ching RCT, Mak SP, Wong MCS, Lam M, Chan WM, Wong MFY, Liang R, Lam TH. Response to the World Health Organization's working document for the development of a global action plan to reduce alcohol-related harm: Position Statement of the Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol. Hong Kong Med J 2021; 27:4-6. [PMID: 33518532 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj215109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R C T Ching
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - S P Mak
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - M C S Wong
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - M Lam
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - W M Chan
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - M F Y Wong
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - R Liang
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
| | - T H Lam
- Hong Kong Alliance for Advocacy Against Alcohol
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Chen J, Chan WM, Leung HY, Leong PK, Yan CTM, Ko KM. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of a Cordyceps sinensis Mycelium Culture Extract (Cs-4) on Rodent Models of Allergic Rhinitis and Asthma. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25184051. [PMID: 32899766 PMCID: PMC7570676 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis and asthma are common chronic allergic diseases of the respiratory tract, which are accompanied by immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated inflammation and the involvement of type 2 T helper cells, mast cells, and eosinophils. Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc is a fungal parasite on the larva of Lepidoptera. It has been considered to be a health-promoting food and, also, one of the best-known herbal remedies for the treatment of airway diseases, such as asthma and lung inflammation. In the present study, we demonstrated the antiallergic rhinitis effect of Cs-4, a water extract prepared from the mycelium culture of Cordyceps sinensis (Berk) Sacc, on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic rhinitis in mice and the anti-asthmatic effect of Cs-4 in a rat model of asthma. Treatment with Cs-4 suppressed the nasal symptoms induced in OVA-sensitized and challenged mice. The inhibition was associated with a reduction in IgE/OVA-IgE and interleukin (IL)-4/IL-13 levels in the nasal fluid. Cs-4 treatment also decreased airway responsiveness and ameliorated the scratching behavior in capsaicin-challenged rats. It also reduced plasma IgE levels, as well as IgE and eosinophil peroxidase levels, in the bronchoalveolar fluid. Cs-4 treatment completely suppressed the increases in IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 levels in rat lung tissue. In conclusion, our results suggest that Cs-4 has the potential to alleviate immune hypersensitivity reactions in allergic rhinitis and asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Chen
- School of Life and Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Wing Man Chan
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (W.M.C.); (H.Y.L.); (P.K.L.)
| | - Hoi Yan Leung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (W.M.C.); (H.Y.L.); (P.K.L.)
| | - Pou Kuan Leong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (W.M.C.); (H.Y.L.); (P.K.L.)
| | - Choly Tat Ming Yan
- Royal Medic Group Holding Limited, 313 Castle Peak Road, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China;
| | - Kam Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China; (W.M.C.); (H.Y.L.); (P.K.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +85-223-587-298
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Chen J, Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Wong HS, Ko KM. 48Biochemical mechanisms of the anti-obesity effect of a triterpenoid-enriched extract of Cynomorium songaricum in mice with high-fat-diet-induced obesity. Phytomedicine 2020; 73:153038. [PMID: 31378503 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HCY2, a triterpenoid-enriched extract of Cynomorii Herba, has been shown to reduce body weight and adiposity and attenuate manifestations of the associated metabolic syndrome in high-fat-diet (HFD)-fed mice. PURPOSE The current study aimed to investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying the anti-obesity effect produced by HCY2. STUDY DESIGN An HCY2-containing extract was examined for its effects on the regulation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator-1 (PGC1) pathways and the protein expression related to mitochondrial uncoupling and biogenesis in skeletal muscle using an HFD-induced obese mouse model. METHODS The obese mouse model was produced by providing HFD (60% kcal from fat) ad libitum. The effects and signaling mechanisms of HCY2 were examined using analytical procedures which included enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, Western blot analysis, and the use of a Clark-type oxygen electrode. RESULTS The current study revealed that the weight reduction produced by HCY2 is associated with the activation of the AMPK signaling pathway, with resultant increases in mitochondrial biogenesis and expression of uncoupling protein 3 in skeletal muscle in vivo. The use of a recoupler, ketocholestanol, delineated the precise role of mitochondrial uncoupling in the anti-obesity effect afforded by HCY2 in obese mice. CONCLUSION Our experimental findings offer a promising prospect for the use of HCY2 in the management of obesity through the regulation of AMPK/PGC1 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Chen
- School of Life and Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China.
| | - Pou Kuan Leong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Yan Leung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Man Chan
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Shan Wong
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA 94945, USA
| | - Kam Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Chen J, Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Li Z, Qiu J, Ko KM, Chen J. A Chinese Herbal Formulation, Xiao-Er-An-Shen Decoction, Attenuates Tourette Syndrome, Possibly by Reversing Abnormal Changes in Neurotransmitter Levels and Enhancing Antioxidant Status in Mouse Brain. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:812. [PMID: 31396086 PMCID: PMC6667554 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Xiao-Er-An-Shen Decoction (XEASD) has been used clinically for the treatment of Tourette syndrome (TS) in children for more than 20 years in mainland China. The biochemical mechanism underlying the therapeutic action produced by XEASD treatment against TS remains unknown. However, a previous study has shown that pre-incubation of PC12 neuronal cells with XEASD can induce neurite outgrowth and protect against oxidative stress. In the present study, using a mouse model of TS induced by 3,3’-iminodipropionitrile (IDPN), stereotypy scoring, and locomotor activity were assessed. Levels of neurotransmitters including glutamate, aspartate, and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in brain tissue as well as plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) were measured using assay kits. The ratio of reduced glutathione (GSH)/oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and Mn-superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) activity in brain mitochondrial fractions as well as mitochondrial glutathione reductase and cytosolic γ-glutamylcysteine activities were also examined. The phosphorylation of cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB) in brain tissue was measured by Western blot analysis. XEASD treatment was found to significantly ameliorate the severity of behavioral symptoms in affected mice, as evidenced by decreases in the stereotypy score and locomotor activity. The beneficial effect of XEASD was accompanied by the reversal of abnormal levels of GABA, glutamate, and aspartate, in brain tissue of IDPN-challenged mice. In addition, XEASD treatment increased plasma cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels and activated the phosphorylation of CREB in brain tissue of TS mice. Furthermore, XEASD treatment was found to enhance the antioxidant status of brain tissue in affected mice, as evidenced by increases in the GSH/GSSG ratio and the activity of MnSOD in brain mitochondrial fractions. Taken together, these experimental results will hopefully provide insight into the pharmacological basis for the beneficial effects of XEASD in children suffering from TS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Chen
- School of Life and Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pou Kuan Leong
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hoi Yan Leung
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Man Chan
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhonggui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jingyu Qiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Kam Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Hospital Chinese Medicine Preparation, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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Yan BPY, Chan WM, Lai WHS, Cheng AOW, Chan CKY, Chi WK, Li S, To OTL, Tan GM. P3571Comparable limb salvage and amputation free survival in diabetic and non-diabetic patients with critical limb ischemia undergoing endovascular revascularization. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy563.p3571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- B P Y Yan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - W M Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - W H S Lai
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - A O W Cheng
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - C K Y Chan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - W K Chi
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - S Li
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - O T L To
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
| | - G M Tan
- The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Medicine & Therapeutics, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR People's Republic of China
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Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Ko KM. Differences in the Mechanisms by Which Yang-Invigorating and Qi-Invigorating Chinese Tonifying Herbs Stimulate Mitochondrial ATP Generation Capacity. Chin Med 2018. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2018.92005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Chen J, Wong HS, Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Ko KM. Ursolic acid induces mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of AMPK and PGC-1 in C2C12 myotubes: a possible mechanism underlying its beneficial effect on exercise endurance. Food Funct 2017; 8:2425-2436. [PMID: 28675237 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo00127d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial biogenesis, which involves an increase in mitochondrial number and the overall capacity of oxidative phosphorylation, is a critical determinant of skeletal muscle function. Recent findings have shown that some natural products can enhance mitochondrial adaptation to aerobic exercise, which in turn improves exercise performance, presumably by delaying muscle fatigue. Ursolic acid (UA), a natural triterpene, is commonly found in various vegetables and fruits. In the current study, UA was shown to increase mitochondrial mass and ATP generation capacity, with a concomitant production of a low level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) in C2C12 myotubes. Mitochondrial ROS, in turn, activated the redox sensitive adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase (AMPK)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1(PGC-1) pathway. The activation of AMPK/PGC-1 further increased the expression of cytochrome c oxidase (COX) and uncoupling protein 3. Animal studies showed that UA can also dose-dependently increase the endurance exercise capacity in mice, as assessed by a weight-loaded swimming test and a hanging wire test. Our findings suggest that UA may induce mitochondrial biogenesis through the activation of AMPK and PGC-1 pathways in skeletal muscle, thereby offering a promising prospect for its use to enhance exercise endurance and alleviating fatigue in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihang Chen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Lee AT, Chan WC, Chiu HF, Richards M, Hui LY, Ng SP, Chan WM, Lam LC. Physical health and lifestyle predictors for significant cognitive impairment in community-dwelling Chinese older adults in Hong Kong. Hong Kong Med J 2016; 22 Suppl 6:37-39. [PMID: 27807316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Tc Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong
| | - W C Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - H Fk Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - M Richards
- MRC Unit for Lifelong Health and Ageing, UK
| | - L Yf Hui
- Elderly Health Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong
| | - S Ps Ng
- Elderly Health Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong
| | - W M Chan
- Elderly Health Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong
| | - L Cw Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Vohra RS, Pasquali S, Kirkham AJ, Marriott P, Johnstone M, Spreadborough P, Alderson D, Griffiths EA, Fenwick S, Elmasry M, Nunes Q, Kennedy D, Basit Khan R, Khan MAS, Magee CJ, Jones SM, Mason D, Parappally CP, Mathur P, Saunders M, Jamel S, Ul Haque S, Zafar S, Shiwani MH, Samuel N, Dar F, Jackson A, Lovett B, Dindyal S, Winter H, Fletcher T, Rahman S, Wheatley K, Nieto T, Ayaani S, Youssef H, Nijjar RS, Watkin H, Naumann D, Emeshi S, Sarmah PB, Lee K, Joji N, Heath J, Teasdale RL, Weerasinghe C, Needham PJ, Welbourn H, Forster L, Finch D, Blazeby JM, Robb W, McNair AGK, Hrycaiczuk A, Charalabopoulos A, Kadirkamanathan S, Tang CB, Jayanthi NVG, Noor N, Dobbins B, Cockbain AJ, Nilsen-Nunn A, Siqueira J, Pellen M, Cowley JB, Ho WM, Miu V, White TJ, Hodgkins KA, Kinghorn A, Tutton MG, Al-Abed YA, Menzies D, Ahmad A, Reed J, Khan S, Monk D, Vitone LJ, Murtaza G, Joel A, Brennan S, Shier D, Zhang C, Yoganathan T, Robinson SJ, McCallum IJD, Jones MJ, Elsayed M, Tuck L, Wayman J, Carney K, Aroori S, Hosie KB, Kimble A, Bunting DM, Fawole AS, Basheer M, Dave RV, Sarveswaran J, Jones E, Kendal C, Tilston MP, Gough M, Wallace T, Singh S, Downing J, Mockford KA, Issa E, Shah N, Chauhan N, Wilson TR, Forouzanfar A, Wild JRL, Nofal E, Bunnell C, Madbak K, Rao STV, Devoto L, Siddiqi N, Khawaja Z, Hewes JC, Gould L, Chambers A, Urriza Rodriguez D, Sen G, Robinson S, Carney K, Bartlett F, Rae DM, Stevenson TEJ, Sarvananthan K, Dwerryhouse SJ, Higgs SM, Old OJ, Hardy TJ, Shah R, Hornby ST, Keogh K, Frank L, Al-Akash M, Upchurch EA, Frame RJ, Hughes M, Jelley C, Weaver S, Roy S, Sillo TO, Galanopoulos G, Cuming T, Cunha P, Tayeh S, Kaptanis S, Heshaishi M, Eisawi A, Abayomi M, Ngu WS, Fleming K, Singh Bajwa D, Chitre V, Aryal K, Ferris P, Silva M, Lammy S, Mohamed S, Khawaja A, Hussain A, Ghazanfar MA, Bellini MI, Ebdewi H, Elshaer M, Gravante G, Drake B, Ogedegbe A, Mukherjee D, Arhi C, Giwa Nusrat Iqbal L, Watson NF, Kumar Aggarwal S, Orchard P, Villatoro E, Willson PD, Wa K, Mok J, Woodman T, Deguara J, Garcea G, Babu BI, Dennison AR, Malde D, Lloyd D, Satheesan S, Al-Taan O, Boddy A, Slavin JP, Jones RP, Ballance L, Gerakopoulos S, Jambulingam P, Mansour S, Sakai N, Acharya V, Sadat MM, Karim L, Larkin D, Amin K, Khan A, Law J, Jamdar S, Smith SR, Sampat K, M O'shea K, Manu M, Asprou FM, Malik NS, Chang J, Johnstone M, Lewis M, Roberts GP, Karavadra B, Photi E, Hewes J, Gould L, Chambers A, Rodriguez D, O'Reilly DA, Rate AJ, Sekhar H, Henderson LT, Starmer BZ, Coe PO, Tolofari S, Barrie J, Bashir G, Sloane J, Madanipour S, Halkias C, Trevatt AEJ, Borowski DW, Hornsby J, Courtney MJ, Virupaksha S, Seymour K, Robinson S, Hawkins H, Bawa S, Gallagher PV, Reid A, Wood P, Finch JG, Parmar J, Stirland E, Gardner-Thorpe J, Al-Muhktar A, Peterson M, Majeed A, Bajwa FM, Martin J, Choy A, Tsang A, Pore N, Andrew DR, Al-Khyatt W, Taylor C, Bhandari S, Chambers A, Subramanium D, Toh SKC, Carter NC, Mercer SJ, Knight B, Tate S, Pearce B, Wainwright D, Vijay V, Alagaratnam S, Sinha S, Khan S, El-Hasani SS, Hussain AA, Bhattacharya V, Kansal N, Fasih T, Jackson C, Siddiqui MN, Chishti IA, Fordham IJ, Siddiqui Z, Bausbacher H, Geogloma I, Gurung K, Tsavellas G, Basynat P, Kiran Shrestha A, Basu S, Chhabra Mohan Harilingam A, Rabie M, Akhtar M, Kumar P, Jafferbhoy SF, Hussain N, Raza S, Haque M, Alam I, Aseem R, Patel S, Asad M, Booth MI, Ball WR, Wood CPJ, Pinho-Gomes AC, Kausar A, Rami Obeidallah M, Varghase J, Lodhia J, Bradley D, Rengifo C, Lindsay D, Gopalswamy S, Finlay I, Wardle S, Bullen N, Iftikhar SY, Awan A, Ahmed J, Leeder P, Fusai G, Bond-Smith G, Psica A, Puri Y, Hou D, Noble F, Szentpali K, Broadhurst J, Date R, Hossack MR, Li Goh Y, Turner P, Shetty V, Riera M, Macano CAW, Sukha A, Preston SR, Hoban JR, Puntis DJ, Williams SV, Krysztopik R, Kynaston J, Batt J, Doe M, Goscimski A, Jones GH, Smith SR, Hall C, Carty N, Ahmed J, Panteleimonitis S, Gunasekera RT, Sheel ARG, Lennon H, Hindley C, Reddy M, Kenny R, Elkheir N, McGlone ER, Rajaganeshan R, Hancorn K, Hargreaves A, Prasad R, Longbotham DA, Vijayanand D, Wijetunga I, Ziprin P, Nicolay CR, Yeldham G, Read E, Gossage JA, Rolph RC, Ebied H, Phull M, Khan MA, Popplewell M, Kyriakidis D, Hussain A, Henley N, Packer JR, Derbyshire L, Porter J, Appleton S, Farouk M, Basra M, Jennings NA, Ali S, Kanakala V, Ali H, Lane R, Dickson-Lowe R, Zarsadias P, Mirza D, Puig S, Al Amari K, Vijayan D, Sutcliffe R, Marudanayagam R, Hamady Z, Prasad AR, Patel A, Durkin D, Kaur P, Bowen L, Byrne JP, Pearson KL, Delisle TG, Davies J, Tomlinson MA, Johnpulle MA, Slawinski C, Macdonald A, Nicholson J, Newton K, Mbuvi J, Farooq A, Sidhartha Mothe B, Zafrani Z, Brett D, Francombe J, Spreadborough P, Barnes J, Cheung M, Al-Bahrani AZ, Preziosi G, Urbonas T, Alberts J, Mallik M, Patel K, Segaran A, Doulias T, Sufi PA, Yao C, Pollock S, Manzelli A, Wajed S, Kourkulos M, Pezzuto R, Wadley M, Hamilton E, Jaunoo S, Padwick R, Sayegh M, Newton RC, Hebbar M, Farag SF, Spearman J, Hamdan MF, D'Costa C, Blane C, Giles M, Peter MB, Hirst NA, Hossain T, Pannu A, El-Dhuwaib Y, Morrison TEM, Taylor GW, Thompson RLE, McCune K, Loughlin P, Lawther R, Byrnes CK, Simpson DJ, Mawhinney A, Warren C, McKay D, McIlmunn C, Martin S, MacArtney M, Diamond T, Davey P, Jones C, Clements JM, Digney R, Chan WM, McCain S, Gull S, Janeczko A, Dorrian E, Harris A, Dawson S, Johnston D, McAree B, Ghareeb E, Thomas G, Connelly M, McKenzie S, Cieplucha K, Spence G, Campbell W, Hooks G, Bradley N, Hill ADK, Cassidy JT, Boland M, Burke P, Nally DM, Hill ADK, Khogali E, Shabo W, Iskandar E, McEntee GP, O'Neill MA, Peirce C, Lyons EM, O'Sullivan AW, Thakkar R, Carroll P, Ivanovski I, Balfe P, Lee M, Winter DC, Kelly ME, Hoti E, Maguire D, Karunakaran P, Geoghegan JG, Martin ST, McDermott F, Cross KS, Cooke F, Zeeshan S, Murphy JO, Mealy K, Mohan HM, Nedujchelyn Y, Fahad Ullah M, Ahmed I, Giovinazzo F, Milburn J, Prince S, Brooke E, Buchan J, Khalil AM, Vaughan EM, Ramage MI, Aldridge RC, Gibson S, Nicholson GA, Vass DG, Grant AJ, Holroyd DJ, Jones MA, Sutton CMLR, O'Dwyer P, Nilsson F, Weber B, Williamson TK, Lalla K, Bryant A, Carter CR, Forrest CR, Hunter DI, Nassar AH, Orizu MN, Knight K, Qandeel H, Suttie S, Belding R, McClarey A, Boyd AT, Guthrie GJK, Lim PJ, Luhmann A, Watson AJM, Richards CH, Nicol L, Madurska M, Harrison E, Boyce KM, Roebuck A, Ferguson G, Pati P, Wilson MSJ, Dalgaty F, Fothergill L, Driscoll PJ, Mozolowski KL, Banwell V, Bennett SP, Rogers PN, Skelly BL, Rutherford CL, Mirza AK, Lazim T, Lim HCC, Duke D, Ahmed T, Beasley WD, Wilkinson MD, Maharaj G, Malcolm C, Brown TH, Shingler GM, Mowbray N, Radwan R, Morcous P, Wood S, Kadhim A, Stewart DJ, Baker AL, Tanner N, Shenoy H, Hafiz S, Marchi JA, Singh-Ranger D, Hisham E, Ainley P, O'Neill S, Terrace J, Napetti S, Hopwood B, Rhys T, Downing J, Kanavati O, Coats M, Aleksandrov D, Kallaway C, Yahya S, Weber B, Templeton A, Trotter M, Lo C, Dhillon A, Heywood N, Aawsaj Y, Hamdan A, Reece-Bolton O, McGuigan A, Shahin Y, Ali A, Luther A, Nicholson JA, Rajendran I, Boal M, Ritchie J. Population-based cohort study of variation in the use of emergency cholecystectomy for benign gallbladder diseases. Br J Surg 2016; 103:1716-1726. [PMID: 27748962 DOI: 10.1002/bjs.10288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The aims of this prospective population-based cohort study were to identify the patient and hospital characteristics associated with emergency cholecystectomy, and the influences of these in determining variations between hospitals.
Methods
Data were collected for consecutive patients undergoing cholecystectomy in acute UK and Irish hospitals between 1 March and 1 May 2014. Potential explanatory variables influencing the performance of emergency cholecystectomy were analysed by means of multilevel, multivariable logistic regression modelling using a two-level hierarchical structure with patients (level 1) nested within hospitals (level 2).
Results
Data were collected on 4744 cholecystectomies from 165 hospitals. Increasing age, lower ASA fitness grade, biliary colic, the need for further imaging (magnetic retrograde cholangiopancreatography), endoscopic interventions (endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography) and admission to a non-biliary centre significantly reduced the likelihood of an emergency cholecystectomy being performed. The multilevel model was used to calculate the probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy for a woman aged 40 years or over with an ASA grade of I or II and a BMI of at least 25·0 kg/m2, who presented with acute cholecystitis with an ultrasound scan showing a thick-walled gallbladder and a normal common bile duct. The mean predicted probability of receiving an emergency cholecystectomy was 0·52 (95 per cent c.i. 0·45 to 0·57). The predicted probabilities ranged from 0·02 to 0·95 across the 165 hospitals, demonstrating significant variation between hospitals.
Conclusion
Patients with similar characteristics presenting to different hospitals with acute gallbladder pathology do not receive comparable care.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - R S Vohra
- Trent Oesophago-Gastric Unit, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - S Pasquali
- Surgical Oncology Unit, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | - A J Kirkham
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Marriott
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - M Johnstone
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - P Spreadborough
- West Midlands Research Collaborative, Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - D Alderson
- Academic Department of Surgery, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - E A Griffiths
- Department of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK
| | - S Fenwick
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Elmasry
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Q Nunes
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Kennedy
- Aintree University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - D Mason
- Wirral University Teaching Hospital
| | | | | | | | - S Jamel
- Barnet and Chase Farm Hospital
| | | | - S Zafar
- Barnet and Chase Farm Hospital
| | | | - N Samuel
- Barnsley District General Hospital
| | - F Dar
- Barnsley District General Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Wheatley
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - T Nieto
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - S Ayaani
- Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - H Youssef
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | - H Watkin
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - D Naumann
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - S Emeshi
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | | | - K Lee
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - N Joji
- Heart of England Foundation NHS Trust
| | - J Heath
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R L Teasdale
- Blackpool Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - P J Needham
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Welbourn
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L Forster
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Finch
- Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - W Robb
- University Hospitals Bristol NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - B Dobbins
- Calderdale and Huddersfield NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - M Pellen
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
| | | | - W-M Ho
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
| | - V Miu
- Hull and East Yorkshire NHS Trust
| | - T J White
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K A Hodgkins
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Kinghorn
- Chesterfield Royal Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M G Tutton
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Y A Al-Abed
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Menzies
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Ahmad
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Reed
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Khan
- Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Monk
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L J Vitone
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G Murtaza
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Joel
- Countess of Chester NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - D Shier
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust
| | - C Zhang
- Croydon Health Services NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - M J Jones
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - M Elsayed
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - L Tuck
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - J Wayman
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | - K Carney
- North Cumbria University Hospitals Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M P Tilston
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Gough
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Wallace
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Singh
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Downing
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K A Mockford
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - E Issa
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Shah
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Chauhan
- Northern Lincolnshire and Goole NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T R Wilson
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Forouzanfar
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J R L Wild
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - E Nofal
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - C Bunnell
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Madbak
- Doncaster and Bassetlaw Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S T V Rao
- Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L Devoto
- Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Siddiqi
- Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Z Khawaja
- Dorset County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - D M Rae
- Frimley Park Hospital NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - O J Old
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | - R Shah
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | - K Keogh
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - L Frank
- Gloucestershire Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - M Al-Akash
- Great Western Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - R J Frame
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Hughes
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust
| | - C Jelley
- Harrogate and District NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - T Cuming
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Trust
| | - P Cunha
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Trust
| | - S Tayeh
- Homerton University Hospital NHS Trust
| | | | | | - A Eisawi
- Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - W S Ngu
- Tees Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - V Chitre
- Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Aryal
- Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Ferris
- Paget University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - H Ebdewi
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Elshaer
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G Gravante
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - B Drake
- Kettering General Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Ogedegbe
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - D Mukherjee
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - C Arhi
- Barking, Havering and Redbridge University Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Wa
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Mok
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Woodman
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Deguara
- Kingston Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G Garcea
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - B I Babu
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | | | - D Malde
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - D Lloyd
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | | | - O Al-Taan
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - A Boddy
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust
| | - J P Slavin
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R P Jones
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - L Ballance
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Gerakopoulos
- Leighton Hospital, Mid Cheshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Jambulingam
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Mansour
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Sakai
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - V Acharya
- Luton and Dunstable University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M M Sadat
- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - L Karim
- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - D Larkin
- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - K Amin
- Macclesfield District General Hospital
| | - A Khan
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Law
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Jamdar
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S R Smith
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Sampat
- Central Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - M Manu
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | - N S Malik
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - J Chang
- Royal Wolverhampton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | - M Lewis
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - G P Roberts
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - B Karavadra
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - E Photi
- Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - J Hornsby
- North Tees and Hartlepool NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - K Seymour
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Robinson
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Hawkins
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Bawa
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - A Reid
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Wood
- Northumbria Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J G Finch
- Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust
| | - J Parmar
- Northampton General Hospital NHS Trust
| | | | | | - A Al-Muhktar
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Peterson
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Majeed
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - A Choy
- Peterborough City Hospital
| | | | - N Pore
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | | | - C Taylor
- United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Tate
- Portsmouth Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | | | - V Vijay
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
| | | | - S Sinha
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
| | - S Khan
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust
| | | | - A A Hussain
- King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - N Kansal
- Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Fasih
- Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
| | - C Jackson
- Gateshead Health NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - K Gurung
- Queen Elizabeth Hospital NHS Trust
| | - G Tsavellas
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Basynat
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - S Basu
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - M Rabie
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Akhtar
- East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Kumar
- Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - N Hussain
- Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Raza
- Burton Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Haque
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - I Alam
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - R Aseem
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - S Patel
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - M Asad
- Royal Albert Edward Infirmary, Wigan Wrightington and Leigh NHS Trust
| | - M I Booth
- Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | - W R Ball
- Royal Berkshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - J Varghase
- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Lodhia
- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Bradley
- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - C Rengifo
- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Lindsay
- Royal Bolton Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Awan
- Royal Derby NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Ahmed
- Royal Derby NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Leeder
- Royal Derby NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - D Hou
- Hampshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - F Noble
- Hampshire Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - R Date
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M R Hossack
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Y Li Goh
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - P Turner
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - V Shetty
- Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | - S R Preston
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J R Hoban
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D J Puntis
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S V Williams
- Royal Surrey County Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - J Batt
- Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust
| | - M Doe
- Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - C Hall
- Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N Carty
- Salisbury Hospital Foundation Trust
| | - J Ahmed
- Salisbury Hospital Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | - H Lennon
- Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust
| | - C Hindley
- Southport and Ormskirk Hospital NHS Trust
| | - M Reddy
- St George's Healthcare NHS Trust
| | - R Kenny
- St George's Healthcare NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | - K Hancorn
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - A Hargreaves
- St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - P Ziprin
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
| | | | - G Yeldham
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
| | - E Read
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust
| | | | | | | | | | - M A Khan
- Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - A Hussain
- Mid Staffordshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Ali
- City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust
| | - V Kanakala
- City Hospitals Sunderland NHS Foundation Trust
| | - H Ali
- Tunbridge Wells and Maidstone NHS Trust
| | - R Lane
- Tunbridge Wells and Maidstone NHS Trust
| | | | | | - D Mirza
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S Puig
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Al Amari
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - D Vijayan
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R Sutcliffe
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | - Z Hamady
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
| | - A R Prasad
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
| | - A Patel
- University Hospital Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust
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- University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust
| | - P Kaur
- University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust
| | - L Bowen
- University Hospital of North Staffordshire NHS Trust
| | - J P Byrne
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K L Pearson
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T G Delisle
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Davies
- University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | - A Macdonald
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Nicholson
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - K Newton
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - J Mbuvi
- University Hospital South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Farooq
- Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | - Z Zafrani
- Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - D Brett
- Warrington and Halton Hospitals NHS Trust
| | | | | | - J Barnes
- South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Cheung
- South Warwickshire NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - M Wadley
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - E Hamilton
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - S Jaunoo
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - R Padwick
- Worcestershire Acute Hospitals NHS Trust
| | - M Sayegh
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - R C Newton
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M Hebbar
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | - S F Farag
- Western Sussex Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | - C Blane
- Yeovil District Hospital NHS Trust
| | - M Giles
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - M B Peter
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - N A Hirst
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - T Hossain
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | - A Pannu
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | - G W Taylor
- York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - T Diamond
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - P Davey
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - C Jones
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - J M Clements
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - R Digney
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - W M Chan
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - S McCain
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - S Gull
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - A Janeczko
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - E Dorrian
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - A Harris
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - S Dawson
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - D Johnston
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
| | - B McAree
- Belfast City Hospital, Mater Infirmorum Hospital Belfast and Royal Victoria Hospital
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- University Hospital Limerick
| | | | - A D K Hill
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | - E Khogali
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | - W Shabo
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | - E Iskandar
- Louth County Hospital and Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - P Balfe
- St Luke's General Hospital Kilkenny
| | - M Lee
- St Luke's General Hospital Kilkenny
| | - D C Winter
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - M E Kelly
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - E Hoti
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - D Maguire
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - P Karunakaran
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - J G Geoghegan
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - S T Martin
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | - F McDermott
- St Vincent's University and Private Hospitals, Dublin
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - S Gibson
- Crosshouse Hospital, Ayrshire and Arran
| | | | - D G Vass
- Crosshouse Hospital, Ayrshire and Arran
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - H C C Lim
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - D Duke
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - T Ahmed
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - W D Beasley
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | | | - G Maharaj
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | - C Malcolm
- Glangwili General and Prince Philip Hospital
| | | | | | | | - R Radwan
- Morriston and Singleton Hospitals
| | | | - S Wood
- Princess of Wales Hospital
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14
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Abstract
Community resources for stroke clients are underdeveloped in Hong Kong and stroke survivors often face difficulties in community reintegration. We have examined the feasibility of using videoconferencing for community-based stroke rehabilitation. The sample comprised 21 stroke patients living at home. All the subjects participated in an eight-week intervention programme at a community centre for seniors. The intervention, which comprised educational talks, exercise and psychosocial support, was conducted by a physiotherapist via a videoconference link. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS), State Self-Esteem Scale (SSES), Medical Outcomes Study 36-item Short Form (SF-36) and a stroke knowledge test were administered at the start and end of the programme. In addition, at the start of the study the Geriatric Depression Scale 15-item Short Form, the Elderly Mobility Scale and the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale were used to assess subjects' baseline status, and a focus group was also held at the end of the programme to gather qualitative findings. Nineteen subjects completed the eight-week intervention. The baseline functional status was high, although 52% had symptoms of depression. After the intervention, there were significant improvements in BBS, SSES and knowledge test scores and scores on all subscales of the SF-36. All the subjects accepted the use of videoconferencing for delivery of the intervention. The pilot study demonstrated the feasibility, efficacy and high level of acceptance of telerehabilitation for community-dwelling stroke clients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry C K Lai
- Division of Geriatrics, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, China
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15
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Leong PK, Wong HS, Chen J, Chan WM, Leung HY, Ko KM. Differential Action between Schisandrin A and Schisandrin B in Eliciting an Anti-Inflammatory Action: The Depletion of Reduced Glutathione and the Induction of an Antioxidant Response. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155879. [PMID: 27195753 PMCID: PMC4873034 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Schisandrin A (Sch A) and schisandrin B (Sch B) are active components of Schisandrae Fructus. We compared the biochemical mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory action of Sch A and Sch B, using cultured lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages and concanavalin (ConA)-stimulated mouse splenocytes. Pre-incubation with Sch A or Sch B produced an anti-inflammatory action in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, as evidenced by the inhibition of the pro-inflammatory c-Jun N-terminal kinases/p38 kinase/nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway as well as the suppression of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and effectors, with the extent of inhibition by Sch A being more pronounced. The greater activity of Sch A in anti-inflammatory response was associated with a greater decrease in cellular reduced glutathione (GSH) level and a greater increase in glutathione S-transferase activity than corresponding changes produced by Sch B. However, upon incubation, only Sch B resulted in the activation of the nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like factor 2 and the induction of a significant increase in the expression of thioredoxin (TRX) in RAW264.7 cells. The Sch B-induced increase in TRX expression was associated with the suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and effectors in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Studies in a mouse model of inflammation (carrageenan-induced paw edema) indicated that while long-term treatment with either Sch A or Sch B suppressed the extent of paw edema, only acute treatment with Sch A produced a significant degree of inhibition on the inflammatory response. Although only Sch A decreased the cellular GSH level and suppressed the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and cell proliferation in ConA-simulated splenocytes in vitro, both Sch A and Sch B treatments, while not altering cellular GSH levels, suppressed ConA-stimulated splenocyte proliferation ex vivo. These results suggest that Sch A and Sch B may act differentially on activating GST/ depleting cellular GSH and inducing an antioxidant response involved in their anti-inflammatory actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pou Kuan Leong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Shan Wong
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jihang Chen
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Man Chan
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Hoi Yan Leung
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Kam Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
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16
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Kuan Leong P, Leung HY, Man Chan W, Chen J, Zhu H, Ning J, Yang Y, Wah Ma C, Ming Ko K. An Herbal Formula (GPC) Suppresses the Releases of Pro-Inflammatory Effectors in Lipopolysaccharide/Peptidoglycan-Activated RAW264.7 Macrophages and Reduces the Extent of Chemical-Induced Acute/Chronic Inflammation in Rodents. Chin Med 2016. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2016.74015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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17
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Tian LW, Wong WY, Ho SC, Ng S, Chan WM. Institutional risk factors for outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis in homes for the elderly: a retrospective cohort analysis. Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21 Suppl 4:20-21. [PMID: 26157098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L W Tian
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - W Y Wong
- Centre for Health Protection, Hong Kong SAR
| | - S C Ho
- School of Public Health and Primary Care, Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - S Ng
- Department of Health, Hong Kong SAR
| | - W M Chan
- Department of Health, Hong Kong SAR
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18
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Wong HS, Chen J, Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Ko KM. A Cistanches Herba Fraction/ β -Sitosterol Causes a Redox-Sensitive Induction of Mitochondrial Uncoupling and Activation of Adenosine Monophosphate-Dependent Protein Kinase/Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor γ Coactivator-1 in C2C12 Myotubes: A Possible Mechanism Underlying the Weight Reduction Effect. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015:142059. [PMID: 25709708 PMCID: PMC4332982 DOI: 10.1155/2015/142059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that HCF1, a semipurified fraction of Cistanches Herba, causes weight reduction in normal diet- and high fat diet-fed mice. The weight reduction was associated with the induction of mitochondrial uncoupling and changes in metabolic enzyme activities in mouse skeletal muscle. To further investigate the biochemical mechanism underlying the HCF1-induced weight reduction, the effect of HCF1 and its active component, β-sitosterol (BSS), on C2C12 myotubes was examined. Incubation with HCF1/BSS caused a transient increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), possibly by fluidizing the mitochondrial inner membrane. The increase in MMP was paralleled to an increase in mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Mitochondrial ROS, in turn, triggered a redox-sensitive induction of mitochondrial uncoupling by uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3). Biochemical analysis indicated that HCF1 was capable of activating an adenosine monophosphate-dependent protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 pathway and thereby increased the expression of cytochrome c oxidase and UCP3. Animal studies using mitochondrial recoupler also confirmed the role of mitochondrial uncoupling in the HCF1-induced weight reduction. In conclusion, a HCF1/BSS causes the redox-sensitive induction of mitochondrial uncoupling and activation of AMPK/PGC-1 in C2C12 myotubes, with resultant reductions in body weight and adiposity by increased energy consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Shan Wong
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jihang Chen
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Pou Kuan Leong
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Hoi Yan Leung
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Man Chan
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kam Ming Ko
- Division of Life Science, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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19
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Ng PY, Sin WC, Ng AK, Chan WM. Cardiac abnormalities in patients with septic shock detected by speckle tracking echocardiography. Crit Care 2015. [PMCID: PMC4471191 DOI: 10.1186/cc14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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20
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Schooling CM, Chan WM, Leung SL, Lam TH, Lee SY, Shen C, Leung JY, Leung GM. Cohort Profile: Hong Kong Department of Health Elderly Health Service Cohort. Int J Epidemiol 2014; 45:64-72. [PMID: 25480143 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyu227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Department of Health Elderly Health Service Cohort in Hong Kong was set up to promote understanding of ageing in a global context, to exploit the role of Hong Kong as a sentinel for populations currently experiencing very rapid economic development, to provide a developed non-Western 'social laboratory' where empirically derived hypotheses can be tested and to leverage the different patterns of common chronic diseases between East and West to generate novel hypotheses about their determinants. The initial cohort enrolled from July 1998 to the end of December 2001 includes 66 820 people aged 65 years or older, forming about 9% of the population of this age. A comprehensive health assessment was made at enrollment and then repeated regularly on an ongoing basis. The health assessment included a comprehensive assessment of lifestyle, social circumstances, physical health and mental health, including an assessment of cognition and depressive symptoms. Health services use and deaths have been obtained by record linkage and confirmed, where necessary, by telephone interview. Currently, the data are not publicly available; we would welcome collaborations and research proposals.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Schooling
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China and
| | - W M Chan
- Department of Health, Government of Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - S L Leung
- Department of Health, Government of Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - T H Lam
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China and
| | - S Y Lee
- Department of Health, Government of Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C Shen
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China and
| | - J Y Leung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China and
| | - G M Leung
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China and
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21
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Wong CM, Chan WM, Yang L, Chan KP, Lai HK, Thach TQ, Ho LM, Lam TH, Peiris JSM. Effect of lifestyle factors on risk of mortality associated with influenza in elderly people. Hong Kong Med J 2014; 20 Suppl 6:16-19. [PMID: 25482965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C M Wong
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - W M Chan
- Department of Health, The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - L Yang
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - K P Chan
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - H K Lai
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - T Q Thach
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - L M Ho
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - T H Lam
- School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
| | - J S M Peiris
- Department of Microbiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong
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22
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Wong HS, Chen J, Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Ko KM. Cistanches Herba reduces the weight gain in high fat diet-induced obese mice possibly through mitochondrial uncoupling. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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23
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Chen J, Wong HS, Leung HY, Leong PK, Chan WM, Ko KM. An ursolic acid-enriched Cynomorium songarium extract attenuates high fat diet-induced obesity in mice possibly through mitochondrial uncoupling. J Funct Foods 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2014.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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24
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Lam LCW, Chan WM, Kwok TCY, Chiu HFK. Effectiveness of Tai Chi in maintenance of cognitive and functional abilities in mild cognitive impairment: a randomised controlled trial. Hong Kong Med J 2014; 20:20-23. [PMID: 25001031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- L C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - W M Chan
- Elderly Health Services, Department of Health, Hong Kong
| | - T C Y Kwok
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
| | - H F K Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong
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25
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Leong PK, Leung HY, Chan WM, Chen JH, Wong HS, Ma CW, Zou SY, Ko KM. Acute and Long-Term Treatments with an Herbal Formula V-Vital Capsule Increase Exercise Endurance Capacity in Weight-Loaded Swimming Mice. Chin Med 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2014.53019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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26
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Leong PK, Leung HY, Wong HS, Chen JH, Chan WM, Ma CW, Yang YT, Ko KM. Long-Term Treatment with an Herbal Formula MCC Ameliorates Obesity-Associated Metabolic Dysfunction in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice: A Comparative Study among MCC and Various Combinations of Its Constituents. Chin Med 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/cm.2014.51005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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27
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Wai MSM, Luan P, Jiang Y, Chan WM, Tsui TYM, Tang HC, Lam WP, Fan M, Yew DT. Long term ketamine and ketamine plus alcohol toxicity - what can we learn from animal models? Mini Rev Med Chem 2013; 13:273-9. [PMID: 22512581 DOI: 10.2174/1389557511313020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 02/27/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This review addressed the adverse effects of the frequently-used recreational drug, ketamine through using mice and monkey models. Our laboratory has documented initially that ketamine can induce the formation of hyperphosphorlated tau (hypertau), which is a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), in the cerebral cortex of both mice and monkeys as well as apoptosis in neurons in these species. Besides the cerebral cortex, other centers in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) are also influenced by ketamine. Cerebellum was found to be down-regulated in both mice and humans after long-term of ketamine administration and it was caused by the apoptosis of Purkinje cells. Deleterious effects in other organs reported in long-term ketamine users include of kidney dysfunction leading to proteinuria, fibrosis of the urinary bladder and reduction in size of the urinary bladder leading to frequent urination, increase of liver fibrosis and cardiac problems such as premature ventricular beats. Moreover, ketamine is usually co-administrated with other chemicals such as caffeine or alcohol. It has been reported increased harmful effects when ketamine was used in combination with the above substances. Mechanisms of damages of ketamine might be due to 1) up-regulation of NMDA receptors leading to overestimation of glutamatergic system or 2) the metabolite of ketamine which was a hydroquinone exerted toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S M Wai
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong
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28
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Cerin E, Macfarlane D, Sit CHP, Ho SY, Johnston JM, Chou KL, Chan WM, Cheung MC, Ho KS. Effects of built environment on walking among Hong Kong older adults. Hong Kong Med J 2013; 19 Suppl 4:39-41. [PMID: 23775186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
1. Reliable and valid interviewer-administered questionnaires were developed to investigate associations of perceived neighbourhood attributes of Hong Kong older adults with their walking for transportation and recreation. 2. Access to and availability of different types of services and destinations, provision of facilities for resting/sitting in the neighbourhood, and easy access to/from residential buildings may help maintain an active lifestyle by facilitating walking for transport in the neighbourhood. 3. Access to services, indoor places for walking, environmental aesthetics, low traffic, and absence of physical barriers may promote recreational walking..
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cerin
- Institute of Human Performance, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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29
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Hung K, Lee CC, Chan WM, Choy SO, Kwok P. Development of a wearable system integrated with novel biomedical sensors for ubiquitous healthcare. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2013; 2012:5802-5. [PMID: 23367248 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2012.6347313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The world's ageing population has led to an urgent need for long-term and patient-centered healthcare solutions. Hence, there is a growing need for wearable systems for physiologic monitoring. While various biosignals are monitored with traditional approaches, it is worthwhile to investigate alternative sensing techniques in order to improve accessibility and understanding of patients' conditions. This paper presents our laboratory's development of such a wearable system, which makes use of unconventional techniques for physiologic monitoring. With its integrated textile electrocardiogram (ECG) electrodes, intelligent finger-ring photoplethysmogram (PPG) sensor, miniaturized optical fiber-based temperature sensor, eye dynamics monitor, global positioning system (GPS) module, and wireless capability, it demonstrates a feasible solution for ubiquitous healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Hung
- School of Science & Technology, The Open University of Hong Kong (OUHK), Hong Kong.
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30
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Zhang L, Yu WHA, Wang YXJ, Wang C, Zhao F, Qi W, Chan WM, Huang Y, Wai MSM, Dong J, Yew DT. DL-3-n-Butylphthalide, an anti-oxidant agent, prevents neurological deficits and cerebral injury following stroke per functional analysis, magnetic resonance imaging and histological assessment. Curr Neurovasc Res 2013; 9:167-75. [PMID: 22621233 DOI: 10.2174/156720212801618956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 05/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
DL-3-n-Butylphthalide (NBP) is a synthetic compound based on L-3-n-Butylphthalide which was isolated from seeds of Apium graveolens. The present study aims at evaluating the outcome of NBP given prior to and after the onset of ischemic stroke in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Stroke was induced by the middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in SHR and WKY. For pre-treatment, NBP was administered to SHR and WKY daily for two months prior to MCAO. For post-treatment, NBP was given daily for seven consecutive days after MCAO. Seven days post-surgery, rats were tested for the presence of neurological deficits. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining were employed to calculate the infarct volume. The cerebral cortex and corpus striatum in the ischemic penumbra area were examined microscopically for pathological changes. In SHR, NBP pre- and post-treatment significantly lowered neurological deficit scores, reduced infarct volume, and minimized pathological changes in the penumbra area when compared to oil-vehicle treated controls. In WKY, these beneficial effects were observed only in the post-treatment group. The beneficial effects of NBP post-treatment were greater in WKY than in SHR. Results indicated that NBP could exert both preventive and therapeutic effects on ischemic stroke in SHR, but only exerted therapeutic effect in WKY.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Zhang
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Hung ASM, Tsui TYM, Lam JCY, Wai MSM, Chan WM, Yew DT. Serotonin and its receptors in the human CNS with new findings - a mini review. Curr Med Chem 2012; 18:5281-8. [PMID: 22087825 DOI: 10.2174/092986711798184253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) is well known to be closely associated with emotional disorders, such as depression and schizophrenia. The seven main members of 5-HT receptor family including the different subtypes are involved in the functional pathways in the brain and their balance in activity helps to maintain the normal mental stability. As any detrimental changes in the 5-HT system is believed to alter emotion in human, different drugs including serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are nowadays commonly used as anti- depressives. In this review, 5-HT(1A) and 5-HT(2A) receptors and serotonergic positive cells in the human were highlighted in particular. It is hoped that this review will give a map of these major 5-HT receptors and serotonergic neurons in the human CNS to facilitate further deciphering of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S M Hung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the association between baseline HbA(1c) level and mortality attributable to all-cause, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and stroke. METHODS A total of 2137 Chinese aged 65 years or above attending the Elderly Health Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong, with diagnosed diabetes had HbA(1c) measured during 1998 to 2000 and were followed up to 2009. Information on socio-economic position, lifestyle factors and disease history was collected. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals with adjustment for potential confounders were calculated using Cox's proportional hazards models. RESULTS After an average of 7.9 years of follow-up, 540 participants had died. After adjusting for potential confounders, higher HbA(1c) (≥ 69 mmol/mol, 8.5%) increased the risk of cardiovascular disease (hazard ratio 2.11;95% CI 1.37-3.25) and stroke mortality (hazard ratio 2.43; 95% CI 1.06-5.55) compared with HbA(1c) of 58-68 mmol/mol (7.5-8.4%), and increased the risk of all-cause (hazard ratio 1.41; 95% CI 1.06-1.86) and coronary heart disease mortality (hazard ratio 2.44; 95% CI 1.11-5.37) compared with HbA(1c) of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) or less. Analysis of HbA(1c) as a continuous variable showed that every XX mmol/mol (1%) increase in HbA(1c) decreased stroke mortality risk by 51% in those with HbA(1c) level less than 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) and increased stroke mortality risk by 30% in those with an HbA(1c) level of 48 mmol/mol (6.5%) or higher, suggesting a U-shaped association between HbA(1c) and stroke mortality. CONCLUSION High HbA(1c) predicted excess risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease and stroke mortality. The question of whether low HbA(1c) increases mortality in older patients with diabetes needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Xu
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Wai MSM, Chan WM, Zhang AQ, Wu Y, Yew DT. Long-term ketamine and ketamine plus alcohol treatments produced damages in liver and kidney. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:877-86. [DOI: 10.1177/0960327112436404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Ketamine is one of the common recreational drugs used in rave parties and it is frequently taken with alcohol. In spite of this, the potential toxicity of ketamine in liver and kidney has not been fully documented. In this study, ICR mice were treated for periods of 6, 16 and 28 weeks with 30 mg/kg ketamine injected daily intraperitoneally, and together with alcohol (0.5 ml of 10% alcohol for each mouse) during the last 4 weeks of the treatment periods. Our experimental results showed significant damage in liver, including fatty degeneration of liver cells, fibrosis and increase in liver glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, proliferative cell nuclear antigen and lactate dehydrogenase after 16 weeks of treatment with ketamine. Hydropic degenerations of the kidney tubules were observed as early as 6 weeks of treatment. Long-term ketamine administration (28 weeks) led to atresia of glomeruli in the kidney. Proteinuria was confirmed in the 67% of the ketamine-treated animals after 28 weeks of treatment. It was apparent that ketamine when taken chronically (16 weeks of treatment and thereafter) affected both liver and kidney definitively. The damages in both liver and kidney of these mice were more severe when the animals were treated with both ketamine and alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- MSM Wai
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - WM Chan
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - AQ Zhang
- Department of Anatomy, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Y Wu
- Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - DT Yew
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Schooling CM, McGhee SM, Cowling BJ, Thomas GN, Chan WM, Ho KS, Wong VCW, Leung GM. Influenza vaccination and hospitalisation in Elderly Health Centres. Hong Kong Med J 2012; 18 Suppl 2:4-7. [PMID: 22311352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
1. A cohort of Elderly Health Centres was examined to determine whether influenza vaccination decreased hospitalisation and mortality. 2. In the influenza season, influenza vaccination reduced all-cause mortality by half and cardiorespiratory hospitalisation by a quarter. The extent to which influenza vaccination protects older people from serious morbidity and mortality needs to be confirmed in appropriately designed studies, so that scarce health care resources can be used effectively
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Schooling
- Department of Community Medicine and School of Public Health, The University of Hong Kong
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Ren L, Chan WM, Wang F, Xu Z, Zhao C, Mat WK, Chai Y, Wong JTF, Tsang SY, Xue H. Effects of flavone 6-substitutions on GABAA receptors efficacy. Eur J Pharmacol 2011; 670:121-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2011.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2011] [Revised: 08/01/2011] [Accepted: 08/24/2011] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Chau PH, Woo J, Lee CH, Cheung WL, Chen J, Chan WM, Hui L, McGhee SM. Older people with diabetes have higher risk of depression, cognitive and functional impairments: implications for diabetes services. J Nutr Health Aging 2011; 15:751-5. [PMID: 22089223 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-011-0071-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the relationship between diabetes and impairments in functional and cognitive status as well as depression in older people. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Elderly Health Centres (EHC) in Hong Kong. PARTICIPANTS 66,813 older people receiving baseline assessment at EHC in 1998 to 2001. MEASUREMENTS Diabetes status was defined by self-report and blood glucose tests. Functional status was assessed by 5 items of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and 7 items of activities of daily living (ADL). Cognitive status was screened by the Abbreviated Mental Test-Hong Kong version (AMT). Depressive symptoms were screened by the Geriatric Depression Scale-Chinese version (GDS). RESULTS Among the subjects, 10.4% reported having regular treatment for diabetes, 3.4% had diabetes but were not receiving regular treatment, and 86.2% did not have diabetes. After controlling for age, sex and education level, those having regular treatment for diabetes were 1.7 times more likely (OR=1.65, 95% CI: 1.51-1.80) to have functional impairment, 1.3 times more likely (OR=1.28, 95% CI: 1.11-1.48) to have cognitive impairment and 1.3 times more likely (OR=1.35, 95% CI: 1.25-1.46) to have depression, than older people without diabetes. CONCLUSION Older people with diabetes may be less capable of managing the disease than the younger ones as a result of increased risk of both physical and cognitive impairment. This study provided further evidence for the need of an international consensus statement regarding care of diabetes in older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Chau
- Faculty of Social Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Chan WM, Liang Y, Wai MSM, Hung ASM, Yew DT. Cardiotoxicity induced in mice by long term ketamine and ketamine plus alcohol treatment. Toxicol Lett 2011; 207:191-6. [PMID: 21945864 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Increased use of ketamine as a recreational drug in rave party has raised lots of social concerns. Although its toxicity on the central nervous system (CNS) and urinary system had been reported, its potential adverse effects on the heart is still not addressed. Using our long term ketamine addiction model in which, 1-month-old ICR mice were given ketamine intraperitoneally (i.p. 30 mg/kg) for different study periods (6 weeks, 16 weeks and 28 weeks). The electrocardiogram (ECG) and the level of troponin as well as the presence of lactate dehydrogenase were used together to determine the cardiac function of mice. ST elevations were observed in 30% of mice from 6 weeks onwards. Concomitant increase in troponin in serum and presence of lactate dehydrogenase positive cardiac cells were taken together to indicate cardiac damages. The potential interactive effects of alcohol (ethanol) and ketamine were also addressed and 0.5 ml of 10% ethanol was administrated additionally to the mice daily and orally for the last 4 weeks in the 28-week long-term ketamine treated animals. The cardiac functions of these mice deteriorated more severely as indicated by further rise in troponin levels. In addition, high number of lactate dehydrogenase positive cardiac cells and abnormal ECGs in both ketamine and ketamine plus alcohol treated models also gave coherent conclusions.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Chan
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
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Chan WM, Xu J, Fan M, Jiang Y, Tsui TYM, Wai MSM, Lam WP, Yew DT. Downregulation in the human and mice cerebella after ketamine versus ketamine plus ethanol treatment. Microsc Res Tech 2011; 75:258-64. [PMID: 21809417 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.21052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2011] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
To study the deleterious effects of ketamine and the potential interaction effects between ethanol and ketamine on the cerebellum, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) tests were performed on the habitual ketamine users (n = 3) when they flexed and extended their upper limbs. Another fMRI test was performed on the same participants in which they consumed alcohol (12%, 200 mL) 1 h before the test. Downregulation on the activity of cerebellum was observed and the level of activation in the cerebellum decreased dramatically in habitual ketamine users with alcohol consumption before the test. Further studies were performed by using male ICR mice receiving treatment of ketamine only [30 mg kg(-1) intraperitoneally (i.p.)] or ethanol only everyday (0.5 mL 12% orally) and those with coadministration of the above dosages of ketamine and ethanol for 3 months. Fewer Purkinje cells were observed in the cerebellar sections of ketamine treated mice under silver staining. For TUNEL test, a significant increase in the apoptotic cells were observed in the cerebella of the ketamine treated mice (P = 0.016) and of those with co-administration of ketamine and ethanol (P < 0.001), when compared with the control. A statistical significance (P < 0.001) in two-way ANOVA test indicated that there might be an interactive mechanism between ethanol and ketamine acting on the cerebellum.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Chan
- Brain Research Centre, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Lam LCW, Chau RCM, Wong BML, Fung AWT, Lui VWC, Tam CCW, Leung GTY, Kwok TCY, Chiu HFK, Ng S, Chan WM. Interim follow-up of a randomized controlled trial comparing Chinese style mind body (Tai Chi) and stretching exercises on cognitive function in subjects at risk of progressive cognitive decline. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2011; 26:733-40. [PMID: 21495078 DOI: 10.1002/gps.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We reported the interim findings of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) to examine the effects of a mind body physical exercise (Tai Chi) on cognitive function in Chinese subjects at risk of cognitive decline. SUBJECTS 389 Chinese older persons with either a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR 0.5) or amnestic-MCI participated in an exercise program. The exercise intervention lasted for 1 year; 171 subjects were trained with 24 forms simplified Tai Chi (Intervention, I) and 218 were trained with stretching and toning exercise (Control, C). The exercise comprised of advised exercise sessions of at least three times per week. RESULTS At 5th months (2 months after completion of training), both I and C subjects showed an improvement in global cognitive function, delayed recall and subjective cognitive complaints (paired t-tests, p < 0.05). Improvements in visual spans and CDR sum of boxes scores were observed in I group (paired t-tests, p < 0.001). Three (2.2%) and 21(10.8%) subjects from the I and C groups progressed to dementia (Pearson chi square = 8.71, OR = 5.34, 95% CI 1.56-18.29). Logistic regression analysis controlled for baseline group differences in education and cognitive function suggested I group was associated with stable CDR (OR = 0.14, 95%CI = 0.03-0.71, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Our interim findings showed that Chinese style mind body (Tai Chi) exercise may offer specific benefits to cognition, potential clinical interests should be further explored with longer observation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, China.
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Chan WM, Tsoi H, Wu CC, Wong CH, Cheng TC, Li HY, Lau KF, Shaw PC, Perrimon N, Chan HYE. Expanded polyglutamine domain possesses nuclear export activity which modulates subcellular localization and toxicity of polyQ disease protein via exportin-1. Hum Mol Genet 2011; 20:1738-50. [PMID: 21300695 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddr049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyglutamine (polyQ) diseases are a group of late-onset, progressive neurodegenerative disorders caused by CAG trinucleotide repeat expansion in the coding region of disease genes. The cell nucleus is an important site of pathology in polyQ diseases, and transcriptional dysregulation is one of the pathologic hallmarks observed. In this study, we showed that exportin-1 (Xpo1) regulates the nucleocytoplasmic distribution of expanded polyQ protein. We found that expanded polyQ protein, but not its unexpanded form, possesses nuclear export activity and interacts with Xpo1. Genetic manipulation of Xpo1 expression levels in transgenic Drosophila models of polyQ disease confirmed the specific nuclear export role of Xpo1 on expanded polyQ protein. Upon Xpo1 knockdown, the expanded polyQ protein was retained in the nucleus. The nuclear disease protein enhanced polyQ toxicity by binding to heat shock protein (hsp) gene promoter and abolished hsp gene induction. Further, we uncovered a developmental decline of Xpo1 protein levels in vivo that contributes to the accumulation of expanded polyQ protein in the nucleus of symptomatic polyQ transgenic mice. Taken together, we first showed that Xpo1 is a nuclear export receptor for expanded polyQ domain, and our findings establish a direct link between protein nuclear export and the progressive nature of polyQ neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing Man Chan
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
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Ngai CW, Lam MF, Lo SH, Cheung CW, Chan WM. Use of Doppler ultrasound renal resistive index and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in prediction of acute kidney injury in patients with septic shock. Crit Care 2011. [PMCID: PMC3061738 DOI: 10.1186/cc9528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Chan WM, Mak J, Epstein RJ. Impact of income and education on drug purchasing decisions in Hong Kong Chinese cancer patients: a pilot study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2011; 12:2093-2096. [PMID: 22292657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The affordability of diagnostic, preventive and therapeutic interventions is a global concern, particularly in the developing world. To clarify the educational and financial factors that influence purchasing decisions, we conducted a survey of Hong Kong cancer patients across a broad social spectrum. METHODS A questionnaire was designed to assess the effect of costs on purchasing decisions relating to six drug-related variables: efficacy, tolerability, convenience, safety, peer pressure, and uncertainty. Validation of the original 31-part survey resulted in a final set of 22 core questions that was administered to 51 consecutive oncology patients who were characterized in terms of varying household income and educational level. RESULTS Most respondents (87.6%) were Hong Kong-born or mainland Chinese. There was a strong correlation between household income and education. Demand for drug tolerability and safety was high and cost-inelastic across all educational and income groups. An unexpected finding was that patients from low-income/education households were keen to purchase costly medications (whether Western, or Chinese herbs) of reputed high efficacy, whereas patients from middle-income/-education backgrounds were more negatively influenced by considerations of cost. Only the most affluent and well-educated patients valued overall survival above disease-free survival when making drug purchasing decisions; this cohort was also the least influenced by peer pressure, and the most willing to pay extra for drugs offering more convenience alone. CONCLUSION Low-income/education Asian patients had paradoxically high expectations of costly drug interventions. Although larger studies addressing this issue are needed to confirm these conclusions, public education initiatives aimed at protecting low-income/education patients from exploitation or disappointment may be desirable.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Chan
- Division of Haematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Queen Mary Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Cheng VCC, Tai JWM, Chan WM, Lau EHY, Chan JFW, To KKW, Li IWS, Ho PL, Yuen KY. Sequential introduction of single room isolation and hand hygiene campaign in the control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in intensive care unit. BMC Infect Dis 2010; 10:263. [PMID: 20822509 PMCID: PMC2944349 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-10-263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2010] [Accepted: 09/07/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background After renovation of the adult intensive care unit (ICU) with installation of ten single rooms, an enhanced infection control program was conducted to control the spread of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in our hospital. Methods Since the ICU renovation, all patients colonized or infected with MRSA were nursed in single rooms with contact precautions. The incidence of MRSA infection in the ICU was monitored during 3 different phases: the baseline period (phase 1); after ICU renovation (phase 2) and after implementation of a hand hygiene campaign with alcohol-based hand rub (phase 3). Patients infected with extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella species were chosen as controls because they were managed in open cubicles with standard precautions. Results Without a major change in bed occupancy rate, nursing workforce, or the protocol of environmental cleansing throughout the study period, a stepwise reduction in ICU onset nonbacteraemic MRSA infection was observed: from 3.54 (phase 1) to 2.26 (phase 2, p = 0.042) and 1.02 (phase 3, p = 0.006) per 1000-patient-days. ICU onset bacteraemic MRSA infection was significantly reduced from 1.94 (phase 1) to 0.9 (phase 2, p = 0.005) and 0.28 (phase 3, p = 0.021) per 1000-patient-days. Infection due to ESBL-producing organisms did not show a corresponding reduction. The usage density of broad-spectrum antibiotics and fluoroquinolones increased from phase 1 to 3. However a significant trend improvement of ICU onset MRSA infection by segmented regression analysis can only be demonstrated when comparison was made before and after the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic. This suggests that the deaths of fellow healthcare workers from an occupational acquired infection had an overwhelming effect on their compliance with infection control measures. Conclusion Provision of single room isolation facilities and promotion of hand hygiene practice are important. However compliance with infection control measures relies largely on a personal commitment, which may increase when personal safety is threatened.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent C C Cheng
- Department of Microbiology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
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Kwok TCY, Yuen KSL, Ho FKY, Chan WM. Getting lost in the community: a phone survey on the community-dwelling demented people in Hong Kong. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2010; 25:427-32. [PMID: 19653244 DOI: 10.1002/gps.2361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Research from Western countries reported that the incidence rate of dementia patients getting lost in the community ranged from 30 to 60%. It had imposed significant burden on the caregivers. In the current study, we investigated the situation on the incidents of getting lost in a densely populated as well as homogenous community environment. METHODS Two hundred and fifty one caregivers of older adults with demented people who had either used dementia day care service or participated in a community survey were interviewed on the telephone. Respondents were asked on older adult's experience of getting lost in the community and their mode of care. Correlating factors of such incidents were examined. RESULTS The overall prevalence of lost history in our subjects was 27.5%. The subjects recruited from day care center were much more likely than those recruited from the community survey to have lost history (39.2% vs. 7.5%, p < 0.0001, chi(2) test). Greater degrees of cognitive decline were associated with greater chance of having had lost episodes. Immobility was associated with lower risk. Both the older people and their caregivers had reported significant degrees of psychological disturbances after the incidents. CONCLUSION Demented people with greater degrees of cognitive decline and with mobility maintained are at greater risk of getting lost.
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Ren L, Wang F, Xu Z, Chan WM, Zhao C, Xue H. GABA(A) receptor subtype selectivity underlying anxiolytic effect of 6-hydroxyflavone. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79:1337-44. [PMID: 20067772 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2009.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/21/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
6-Hydroxyflavone (6HF), a naturally occurring flavonoid, was previously reported to bind to type A gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptors benzodiazepine (BZ) site with moderate binding affinity. In the present study, we showed that 6HF partially potentiated GABA-induced currents in native GABA(A) receptors expressed in cortical neurons via BZ site, as the enhancement was blocked by the antagonist flumazenil. Furthermore, in patch clamp studies, 6HF displayed significant preference for alpha(2)- and alpha(3)-containing subtypes, which were thought to mediate anxiolytic effect, compared to alpha(1)- and alpha(5)-containing subtypes expressed in HEK 293T cells. In mice, 6HF exhibited anxiolytic-like effect in the elevated plus-maze test, unaccompanied at anxiolytic doses by the sedative, cognitive impairing, myorelaxant, motor incoordination and anticonvulsant effects commonly associated with classical BZs when tested in the hole-board, step-through passive avoidance, horizontal wire, rotarod, and pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizure tests, respectively. The findings therefore identified 6HF as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of anxiety-like disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihuan Ren
- Department of Biochemistry, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Ting W, Cheung MC, Ng SP, Wan SY, Chan WM. Phy03 Effects of an Integrated Activity Programme for Demented Elders Living in Private Residential Care Homes. Hong Kong J Occup Ther 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/s1569-1861(10)70015-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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47
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Lam LCW, Tam CWC, Lui VWC, Chan WC, Chan SSM, Chiu HFK, Wong A, Tham MK, Ho KS, Chan WM. Modality of physical exercise and cognitive function in Hong Kong older Chinese community. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2009; 24:48-53. [PMID: 18615844 DOI: 10.1002/gps.2072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We reported the association between modality of Physical Exercise and cognitive function in 782 older Chinese adults assessed in the second phase of a population survey for dementia in Hong Kong. METHODS Profiles of physical exercise was measured by a questionnaire (no exercise, stretching, aerobic and mind-body exercise). Cognitive Assessments included the CMMSE, ADAS-Cog, and Category Verbal Fluency Test (CVFT). RESULTS The aerobic and mind body exercise groups with longer exercise habits (>5 years) had higher scores in most cognitive tests (Kruskal Wallis tests, p < 0.01). Beneficial effects were more significant in the young old group from 65- 75 years. CONCLUSIONS Possible age related specific effects of aerobic and mind body exercise on cognitive reserve are worthy of further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda C W Lam
- Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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Lam W, Chan WM, Lo TW, Wong AKY, Wu CC, Chan HYE. Human receptor for activated protein kinase C1 associates with polyglutamine aggregates and modulates polyglutamine toxicity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 377:714-719. [PMID: 18948080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Formation of SDS-insoluble protein aggregates in affected neurons is a cellular pathological feature of polyglutamine (polyQ) disease. We identified a multi-WD-domain protein, receptor for activated protein kinase C1 (RACK1), as a novel polyQ aggregate component from a Drosophila transgenic polyQ disease model. We showed that WD domains were crucial determinants for the recruitment of RACK1 to polyQ aggregates. Over-expression of the human RACK1 protein suppressed polyQ-induced neurodegeneration in vivo. This is the first report to demonstrate the involvement of WD-domain proteins in polyQ pathogenesis, and the proteomic approach described here can be applied to the investigation of other protein aggregation disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wun Lam
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Molecular Biotechnology Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wing Man Chan
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Molecular Biotechnology Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Tsz Wai Lo
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Molecular Biotechnology Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Azaria Kam Yan Wong
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Molecular Biotechnology Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chi Chung Wu
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Molecular Biotechnology Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ho Yin Edwin Chan
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Molecular Biotechnology Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China; Department of Biochemistry (Science), The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Laboratory of Drosophila Research, Molecular Biotechnology Programme, Room 509B, Mong Man Wai Building, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Wong AKY, Chan HYE, Chan WM. Recent developments in targeted transgene expression systems. Fly (Austin) 2008; 2:169-71. [PMID: 18820481 DOI: 10.4161/fly.6435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Azaria Kam Yan Wong
- Laboratory of Drosophila Research and Molecular Biotechnology Program, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, P.R. China
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Tam CWC, Lam LCW, Lui VWC, Chan WC, Chan SSM, Chiu HFK, Chan WM. Clinical correlates of Parkinsonian signs in community- dwelling Chinese older persons: a population based study. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry 2008; 23:719-25. [PMID: 18213739 DOI: 10.1002/gps.1966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study examined the clinical correlates of parkinsonian signs including neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment and medical illness burden in the community-dwelling non-demented Chinese elderly. METHODS A random sample of 765 Chinese elderly subjects from a thematic household survey was recruited. There were 389 normal elderly controls (Clinical Dementia Rating [CDR] 0) (NC) and 376 subjects with questionable dementia (CDR 0.5). The subjects with questionable dementia (CDR 0.5) were categorized into two groups: a MCI group (n = 291) and a very mild dementia (VMD) group (n = 85). Parkinsonian signs were measured by Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale- motor scale (UPDRS). The clinical correlates were investigated in each group. RESULTS UPDRS motor score was associated with age, cumulative medical illness burden and cerebrovascular accidents in the normal control and MCI groups. It correlated negatively with MMSE scores in the NC group. It was associated with presence of soft signs in the NC and MCI groups; and apathy in the VMD group. CONCLUSION Neuropsychiatric symptoms, cognitive impairment and vascular risk factors had different patterns of associations with parkinsonian signs in the older persons with different degree of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cindy W C Tam
- Department of Psychiatry, Tai Po Hospital, Hong Kong SAR
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