1
|
Steensma MJ, Lee YL, Bouwman AC, Pita Barros C, Derks MFL, Bink MCAM, Harlizius B, Huisman AE, Crooijmans RPMA, Groenen MAM, Mulder HA, Rochus CM. Identification and characterisation of de novo germline structural variants in two commercial pig lines using trio-based whole genome sequencing. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:208. [PMID: 37072725 PMCID: PMC10114323 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND De novo mutations arising in the germline are a source of genetic variation and their discovery broadens our understanding of genetic disorders and evolutionary patterns. Although the number of de novo single nucleotide variants (dnSNVs) has been studied in a number of species, relatively little is known about the occurrence of de novo structural variants (dnSVs). In this study, we investigated 37 deeply sequenced pig trios from two commercial lines to identify dnSVs present in the offspring. The identified dnSVs were characterised by identifying their parent of origin, their functional annotations and characterizing sequence homology at the breakpoints. RESULTS We identified four swine germline dnSVs, all located in intronic regions of protein-coding genes. Our conservative, first estimate of the swine germline dnSV rate is 0.108 (95% CI 0.038-0.255) per generation (one dnSV per nine offspring), detected using short-read sequencing. Two detected dnSVs are clusters of mutations. Mutation cluster 1 contains a de novo duplication, a dnSNV and a de novo deletion. Mutation cluster 2 contains a de novo deletion and three de novo duplications, of which one is inverted. Mutation cluster 2 is 25 kb in size, whereas mutation cluster 1 (197 bp) and the other two individual dnSVs (64 and 573 bp) are smaller. Only mutation cluster 2 could be phased and is located on the paternal haplotype. Mutation cluster 2 originates from both micro-homology as well as non-homology mutation mechanisms, where mutation cluster 1 and the other two dnSVs are caused by mutation mechanisms lacking sequence homology. The 64 bp deletion and mutation cluster 1 were validated through PCR. Lastly, the 64 bp deletion and the 573 bp duplication were validated in sequenced offspring of probands with three generations of sequence data. CONCLUSIONS Our estimate of 0.108 dnSVs per generation in the swine germline is conservative, due to our small sample size and restricted possibilities of dnSV detection from short-read sequencing. The current study highlights the complexity of dnSVs and shows the potential of breeding programs for pigs and livestock species in general, to provide a suitable population structure for identification and characterisation of dnSVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marije J Steensma
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands.
| | - Y L Lee
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - A C Bouwman
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - C Pita Barros
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - M F L Derks
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
- Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Schoenaker 6, Beuningen, 6641 SZ, the Netherlands
| | - M C A M Bink
- Hendrix Genetics, P.O. Box 114, Boxmeer, 5830 AC, the Netherlands
| | - B Harlizius
- Topigs Norsvin Research Center, Schoenaker 6, Beuningen, 6641 SZ, the Netherlands
| | - A E Huisman
- Hendrix Genetics, P.O. Box 114, Boxmeer, 5830 AC, the Netherlands
| | - R P M A Crooijmans
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - M A M Groenen
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - H A Mulder
- Wageningen University & Research Animal Breeding and Genomics, P.O. Box 338, Wageningen, 6700 AH, the Netherlands
| | - C M Rochus
- University of Guelph, Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock, 50 Stone Rd E, Guelph, O N, N1G 2W1, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tsai MJ, Hung JY, Ma JY, Tsai YC, Wu KL, Lee MH, Kuo CY, Chuang CH, Lee TH, Lee YL, Huang CM, Shen MC, Yang CJ, Chong IW. Local Consolidative Therapy May Have Prominent Clinical Efficacy in Patients with EGFR-Mutant Advanced Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated with First-Line Afatinib. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15072019. [PMID: 37046679 PMCID: PMC10092956 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15072019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Afatinib is an irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is utilized for the treatment of patients with advanced lung cancer that harbors EGFR mutations. No studies have evaluated the clinical efficacy of LCT in patients treated with first-line afatinib. In this study, we retrospectively enrolled patients with advanced lung adenocarcinomas harboring susceptible EGFR mutations who were diagnosed and treated with first-line afatinib in three hospitals. A total of 254 patients were enrolled, including 30 (12%) patients who received LCT (15 patients received definitive radiotherapy for the primary lung mass and 15 patients received curative surgery). Patients who received LCT had a significantly longer PFS than those who did not (median PFS: 32.8 vs. 14.5 months, p = 0.0008). Patients who received LCT had significantly longer OS than those who did not (median OS: 67.1 vs. 34.5 months, p = 0.0011). Multivariable analysis showed LCT was an independent prognostic factor for improved PFS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] [95% confidence interval (CI)]: 0.44 [0.26–0.73], p = 0.0016) and OS (aHR [95% CI]: 0.26 [0.12–0.54], p = 0.0004). The analyses using propensity score-weighting showed consistent results. We conclude that LCT may improve clinical outcomes, in terms of PFS and OS, in patients with advanced EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinomas who are treated with first-line afatinib.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ju Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Yang Ma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Li Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Hsuan Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Yu Kuo
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 81267, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Hao Chuang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Huang Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ming Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chiou Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-J.Y.); (I.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-7-320-8159 (C.-J.Y. & I.-W.C.); Fax: +886-7-316-1210 (C.-J.Y. & I.-W.C.)
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-J.Y.); (I.-W.C.); Tel.: +886-7-320-8159 (C.-J.Y. & I.-W.C.); Fax: +886-7-316-1210 (C.-J.Y. & I.-W.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Choi JI, Kweon HY, Lee YL, Lee JH, Lee SY. Efficacy of Silkworm Pupae Extract on Muscle Strength and Mass in Middle-Aged and Older Individuals: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:578-585. [PMID: 37498105 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1942-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We investigated the efficacy and safety of silkworm pupae extract (SWP) consumption for 12 weeks on muscle mass and strength in middle-aged and older individuals with relatively low skeletal muscle mass who do regular low-intensity exercise. DESIGN A randomized double-blinded placebo-controlled trial. PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted with 54 participants with relatively low skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (64.4 ± 6.1 years; body mass index, 23.8 ± 2.4 kg/m2). INTERVENTION AND MEASUREMENTS Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups: 1000 mg of SWP/day plus regular exercise (SWP group, n=27) or placebo plus regular exercise (placebo group, n=27). All participants were required to engage in 30-60 minutes/day of walking for ≥3 days/week for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was knee extension/flexion strength (Nm), measured at the velocity of 60°/s. Secondary outcomes included body composition, biomarkers (creatine kinase and creatinine), handgrip strength, and quality of life questionnaire. RESULTS Both the intention-to-treat (ITT) and per-protocol (PP) analyses revealed no significant impact of SWP on knee strength compared to the placebo group over 12 weeks. On the other hand, the SWP group had significantly greater increases in right-handgrip strength by 1.94 kg (95% CI: 0.08-3.79; p = 0.041) and left-handgrip strength by 1.83 kg (0.25-3.41; p = 0.024) compared to the placebo group in the ITT population, after 12 weeks. Moreover, in the PP population, the SWP group revealed an even greater increase in right-handgrip strength by 2.07 kg (0.15-3. 98; p = 0.035) and left-handgrip strength by 2.21 kg (0.60-3.83; p = 0.008) for the 12-week period. However, this study resulted in a failure to detect significant differences in the body composition, biomarkers, quality of life questionnaire, physical activity, and caloric intake between the groups. None of the participants in the SWP group experienced any significant adverse events. In the placebo group, two participants experienced urticaria and allergic side effects, leading to their withdrawal from the study and two exhibited elevated levels of liver enzyme and increased diastolic blood pressure, respectively at 12 weeks. CONCLUSION SWP, in addition to low-intensity exercise, may enhance handgrip strengths in middle-aged and older adults with relatively lower SMM. Future studies need to use a large sample size over longer periods to validate our findings. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04994054.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J I Choi
- Sang Yeoup Lee, Family Medicine Clinic, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea, Telephone: +82-55-390-1442, E-mail: , Fax: +82-51-510-8125
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jo S, Lee JS, Nam B, Lee YL, Kim H, Lee EY, Park YS, Kim TH. SOX9 + enthesis cells are associated with spinal ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2022; 30:280-290. [PMID: 34826571 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2021.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although cartilage degeneration and invasion of the subchondral bone plate in entheseal lesion has been considered to consequently lead bony ankylosis in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), no evident mechanisms are known. DESIGN To identify histopathological and physiological changes in enthesitis-related ankylosis in AS, we performed molecular characterization of transcription factors and surface markers, and transcriptome analysis with human tissues. Entheseal tissue containing subchondral bone was obtained from the facet joints of 9 patients with AS and 10 disease controls, and assessed by using differential staining techniques. Enthesis cells were isolated, characterized, stimulated with TNF and/or IL-17A, and analysed by cell-based experimental tools. RESULTS We found diffusely distributed granular tissue and cartilage in the subchondral bone in AS. Co-expression of SOX9, a specific transcription factor in cartilage, and matrix metalloproteinase 13 (MMP13) was found in the granular tissues within the subchondral bone from AS patients. Intriguingly, SOX9 expression was significantly higher in AS enthesis cells than controls and correlated with TNFR1 and IL-17RA expressions, which is important for high reactivity to TNF and IL-17A cytokines. Co-stimulation by TNF and IL-17A resulted in accelerated mineralization/calcification features, and increased OCN expression in AS enthesis cells. Furthermore, SOX9 overexpression in enthesis leads to promoting mineralization feature by TNF and IL-17A stimuli. Finally, OCN expression is elevated in the destructive enthesis of advanced AS. CONCLUSION These findings provide insight into the links between inflammation and the mineralization of entheseal tissue as the initiation of spinal ankylosis, emphasizing the importance of SOX9+ enthesis cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Jo
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - J S Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea; GENOME INSIGHT Inc., Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - B Nam
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Y L Lee
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - H Kim
- Department of Pathology, Hanyang University Seoul Hospital, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - E Y Lee
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Y-S Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri 11923, Republic of Korea
| | - T-H Kim
- Hanyang University Institute for Rheumatology Research, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Department of Rheumatology, Hanyang University Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang YY, Vadhan A, Chen PH, Lee YL, Chao CY, Cheng KH, Chang YC, Hu SCS, Yuan SSF. CD44 Promotes Lung Cancer Cell Metastasis through ERK-ZEB1 Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:4057. [PMID: 34439211 PMCID: PMC8392539 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13164057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer is a malignancy with high mortality worldwide, and metastasis occurs at a high frequency even when cancer spread is not detectable at primary operation. Cancer stemness plays an important role in malignant cancer behavior, treatment resistance, and cancer metastasis. Therefore, understanding the molecular pathogenesis behind cancer-stemness-mediated metastasis and developing effective approaches to prevent metastasis are key issues for improving cancer treatment. In this study, we investigated the role of CD44 stemness marker in lung cancer using in vitro and clinical studies. Immunohistochemical staining of lung cancer tissue specimens revealed that primary tumors with higher CD44 expression showed increased metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Flow cytometry analysis suggested that CD44 positive cells were enriched in the metastatic lymph nodes compared to the primary tumors. CD44 overexpression significantly increased migration and invasion abilities of lung cancer cells through CD44-induced ERK phosphorylation, ZEB1 upregulation, and Claudin-1 downregulation. Furthermore, ERK inhibition suppressed the migration and invasion abilities of CD44-overexpressing lung cancer cells. In summary, our in vitro and clinical results indicate that CD44 may be a potential prognostic and therapeutic marker for lung cancer patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Yun Wang
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Anupama Vadhan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Ping-Ho Chen
- School of Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Yeh Chao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 912, Taiwan;
| | - Kuang-Hung Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (K.-H.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chiuan Chang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 804, Taiwan; (K.-H.C.); (Y.-C.C.)
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F. Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Leong RW, Davies LJ, Fook-Chong S, Ng SY, Lee YL. Effect of the use of earplugs and eye masks on the quality of sleep after major abdominal surgery: a randomised controlled trial. Anaesthesia 2021; 76:1482-1491. [PMID: 33881774 DOI: 10.1111/anae.15468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Significant sleep disturbance can occur following major abdominal surgery. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of earplugs and eye masks in improving sleep quality and patient satisfaction, reducing nursing demands and in the incidence of delirium in patients after major abdominal surgery. We conducted a randomised controlled trial in 100 patients undergoing major abdominal surgery. We randomly allocated participants to sleep with or without earplugs and eye masks on postoperative days 1-3. The primary outcome measure was sleep quality as measured by the Richards-Campbell Sleep Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes were patient satisfaction, frequency of nursing demand and incidence of delirium measured by the Neelon and Champagne Confusion Scale. Median (IQR [range]) sleep scores were 64 (38-74 [0-100] and 60 (44-82 [18-100]) for the control and intervention groups, respectively (p = 0.310). Age and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index scores were found to be significant factors affecting sleep quality. There were no differences in patient satisfaction, reduction in frequency of nursing demands or incidence of delirium on postoperative days 1-3 after major abdominal surgery. The compliance rate in the intervention group was 60-65%. This study has demonstrated that the use of earplugs and eye masks did not contribute to improvements in sleep quality. Of note, sleep quality was moderate, with higher age and worse baseline sleep quality contributing to worse sleep scores. More studies are needed to investigate interventions to improve sleep quality after major abdominal surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R W Leong
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - L J Davies
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - S Fook-Chong
- Programme in Health Services and Systems Research, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - S Y Ng
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care, Anaesthesia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Surgical Intensive Care, Anaesthesia, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Liu WM, Cheng RR, Niu ZR, Chen AC, Ma MY, Li T, Chiu PC, Pang RT, Lee YL, Ou JP, Yao YQ, Yeung WSB. Let-7 derived from endometrial extracellular vesicles is an important inducer of embryonic diapause in mice. Sci Adv 2020; 6:6/37/eaaz7070. [PMID: 32917695 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aaz7070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Embryonic diapause is a maternally controlled phenomenon. The molecule controlling the onset of the phenomenon is unknown. We demonstrated that overexpression of microRNA let-7a or incubation with let-7g-enriched extracellular vesicles from endometrial epithelial cells prolonged the in vitro survival of mouse blastocysts, which developed into live pups after having been transferred to foster mothers. Similar to in vivo dormant blastocysts, let-7-induced dormant blastocysts exhibited low level of proliferation, apoptosis, and nutrient metabolism. Let-7 suppressed c-myc/mTORC1 and mTORC2 signaling to induce embryonic diapause. It also inhibited ODC1 expression reducing biosynthesis of polyamines, which are known to reactivate dormant embryos. Furthermore, the overexpression of let-7 blocked trophoblast differentiation and implantation potential of human embryo surrogates, and prolonged survival of human blastocysts in vitro, supporting the idea that embryonic diapause was an evolutionary conserved phenomenon. In conclusion, let-7 is the main factor inducing embryonic diapause.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W M Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - R R Cheng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Z R Niu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - A C Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - M Y Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - T Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - P C Chiu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - R T Pang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Y L Lee
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - J P Ou
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou P.R. China
| | - Y Q Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - W S B Yeung
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 1, Haiyuan 1st Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P.R. China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Key Laboratory Platform Building, Shenzhen Virtual University Park, No. 6, Yuexing 2nd Road, Shenzhen 518057, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chong CW, Alkatheeri AHS, Ali N, Tay ZH, Lee YL, Paramasivam SJ, Jeevaratnam K, Low WY, Lim SHE. Association of antimicrobial resistance and gut microbiota composition in human and non-human primates at an urban ecotourism site. Gut Pathog 2020; 12:14. [PMID: 32175011 PMCID: PMC7063749 DOI: 10.1186/s13099-020-00352-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rise of nature-based ecotourism in the past decade has introduced unprecedented challenges in managing the increasing interaction between humans and animals. The potential transmission of antibiotic resistant microbes between humans and non-human primate populations is a concern due to their genetic similarity. Malaysia is well known for hotspots of wildlife diversity where non-human primates like monkeys and orangutans have become popular tourist attractions. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus species, and other Enterobacteriaceae in the faeces of human (HS) and two non-human primates (NHP) in Malaysia, the Long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis, MF) and Silvered leaf monkey (Trachypithecus cristatus, TC). In addition, the faecal bacterial composition was profiled to evaluate the potential association between antibiotic resistant profiles and composition of gut microbiota. Results We tested the isolated bacteria using a selection of antibiotics. The results showed that both the number of antibiotic resistant strains and resistance level were higher in humans than NHPs. Overall, the composition of gut microbiome and pattern of antibiotic resistance showed that there was higher similarity between MF and TC, the two NHPs, than with HS. In addition, samples with higher levels of antibiotic resistance showed lower bacterial richness. Homo sapiens had the lowest bacterial diversity and yet it had higher abundance of Bacteroides. In contrast, NHPs displayed higher bacterial richness and greater prevalence of Firmicutes such as Ruminococceae and Oscillospira. Conclusion Higher antibiotic susceptibility in NHPs is likely related to low direct exposure to antibiotics. The lack of resistance may also suggest limited antimicrobial resistance transmission between humans and NHP. Nonetheless, continued monitoring over a long period will help mitigate the risk of anthropozoonosis and zooanthroponosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C W Chong
- 1School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, 47500 Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan Malaysia
| | - A H S Alkatheeri
- 2Health Science Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - N Ali
- 3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Z H Tay
- 3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - Y L Lee
- 3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| | - S J Paramasivam
- 4Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL UK.,7Animal Neighbours Project, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL UK
| | - K Jeevaratnam
- 4Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7AL UK
| | - W Y Low
- 5Centre for Bioinformatics, School of Data Sciences, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia.,6The Davies Research Centre, School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, University of Adelaide, Roseworthy, SA 5371 Australia
| | - S H E Lim
- 2Health Science Division, Abu Dhabi Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, 41012 Abu Dhabi, UAE.,3Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Perdana University, MAEPS Building, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hsu JF, Lee YL, Chang HL, Wei PJ, Shen YT, Lin CM, Li CY, Chong IW, Yang CJ. Clinical efficacy of concurrent bevacizumab for malignant ascites in nonsquamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Asia Pac J Clin Oncol 2019; 15:e126-e131. [PMID: 30693655 DOI: 10.1111/ajco.13131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lung cancer with malignant peritoneal carcinomatosis and malignant ascites is rare, often indicates the terminal stage, and is refractory to treatment. The median survival time of lung cancer patients with malignant ascites has been reported to be as short as 15 days to 2 months in retrospective studies. METHODS We reviewed all lung cancer patients who had cytologically or pathologically proven malignant ascites and received aggressive therapy including chemotherapy, anti-angiogenesis agents and target therapy at a Taiwan hospital from January 2015 to December 2017. In addition, we searched PubMed using the terms "lung cancer," "peritoneal carcinomatosis" and "malignant ascites" to find other studies reporting experience of such treatment. RESULTS Three consecutive lung cancer patients with malignant ascites (3/265, 1.13%) were included in this case series study, all of whom received bevacizumab with three other drugs (erlotinib, afatinib and gemcitabine). All of the patients showed a good response to treatment with a marked decrease in ascites. Two of the patients had a long progression-free survival time of more than 5 months. In the literature review, several cases reports and case series documented the treatment efficacy, however no prospective or retrospective studies reported treatment strategies. CONCLUSIONS Aggressive treatment for lung cancer with malignant ascites is encouraged when possible. Bevacizumab-based treatment may serve as one effective treatment strategy for non-squamous cell lung carcinoma with malignant ascites. Further prospective trials are urgently needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ju Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Shen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Min Lin
- Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Li
- Department of nursing, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hsu YL, Hung JY, Lee YL, Chen FW, Chang KF, Chang WA, Tsai YM, Chong IW, Kuo PL. Correction: Identification of novel gene expression signature in lung adenocarcinoma by using next-generation sequencing data and bioinformatics analysis. Oncotarget 2019; 10:616. [PMID: 30728912 PMCID: PMC6355176 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21022.].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Division of Thoracic surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-An Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lee YL, Hsu JF, Yang CJ. Tracheoesophageal Fistula in a Patient with Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Who Received Chemoradiotherapy and Ramucirumab. J Thorac Oncol 2019; 14:e17-e18. [PMID: 30579551 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.2031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China
| | - Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China; Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yeh YL, Su MW, Chiang BL, Yang YH, Tsai CH, Lee YL. Genetic profiles of transcriptomic clusters of childhood asthma determine specific severe subtype. Clin Exp Allergy 2018; 48:1164-1172. [PMID: 29758111 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have defined transcriptomic subtypes of adult asthma using samples of induced sputum and bronchial epithelium; however, those procedures are not readily applicable in the clinic, especially for childhood asthma. OBJECTIVE We aim to dissect the transcriptomic clusters of childhood asthma using highly variably expressed genes of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) among patients. METHODS Gene expression of PBMC from 133 asthmatic children and 11 healthy controls was measured with Illumina microarrays. We applied the k-means clustering algorithm of 2048 genes to assign asthmatic children into clusters. Genes with differential expression between asthma clusters and healthy controls were used to investigate whether they could identify severe asthma of children and adults. RESULTS We identified 3 asthma clusters with distinct inflammatory profiles in peripheral blood. Cluster 1 had the highest eosinophil count. Cluster 2 showed lower counts of both eosinophils and neutrophils. Cluster 3 had the highest neutrophil count and the poorest treatment control. Compared with other patients, Cluster 3 exhibited a unique gene expression pattern which was associated with changes in the glucocorticoid signalling and activation of the T helper 1/T helper 17 (TH 1/TH 17) immune pathways. In the validation studies, an 84-gene signature could identify severe asthma in children on leucocytes, as well as severe asthma in adults on CD8+ T cells. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Gene expression profiling of PBMC is useful for the identification of TH 1/TH 17-mediated asthma with poor treatment control. PBMC and CD8+ T cells could be important targets for the investigation and identification of severe asthma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y-L Yeh
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - M-W Su
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - B-L Chiang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y-H Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - C-H Tsai
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y L Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Musa SN, Idris S, Lee YL, Sekawi Z. Molecular detection of human adenovirus among hospitalized patients with lower respiratory tract infection in Hospital Sungai Buloh, Malaysia. Trop Biomed 2018; 35:571-579. [PMID: 33601832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Human adenovirus (HAdV) is one of the common pathogens that are responsible for a wide variety of infectious diseases. There are about 54 different adenovirus serotypes that are responsible for respiratory infections in humans. The prevalence of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) - associated with HAdV varies throughout different regions. The prevalence of HAdV in Malaysia is rarely investigated and reported despite severity of infection worldwide. This study was undertaken to identify the HAdV types associated with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Hospital Sungai Buloh, Malaysia between April 2013 until January 2014, a total of 210 specimens were collected from patients hospitalized with LRTI. Human adenovirus was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The positive products were sequenced and phylogenetic analysis of the virus was performed. Eighteen of 210 specimens (8.57%) were positive with HAdV infection. Based on the phylogenetic analysis study, HAdV-7 strains were the most common serotype with 11 cases, followed by HAdV-1, HAdV-2 and HAdV-4 with 2 cases each and one case of HAdV-5. The HAdV strains in this study were closely related to strains in Singapore and India. In this study, HAdV infection from LRTI patients in Hospital Sungai Buloh Malaysia were caused by different types of adenovirus mainly HAdV-7. This study will become a reference for further epidemiological study in this country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S N Musa
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| | - S Idris
- Pathology Department, Sungai Buloh Hospital, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Z Sekawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang Selangor, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Chen YW, Chiu WC, Chou SH, Su YH, Huang YF, Lee YL, Yuan SSF, Lee YC. High Nrf2 expression in alveolar type I pneumocytes is associated with low recurrences in primary spontaneous pneumothorax. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2017; 33:496-502. [PMID: 28962820 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a troublesome problem and a major concern for the patients. This study examined whether nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) expression in alveolar type I pneumocytes was associated with the clinical manifestations of PSP patients including disease recurrence. Eighty-eight PSP patients who were managed with needlescopic video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (NVATS) were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) was assessed to determine Nrf2 expression in resected lung tissues and the results were correlated with clinicopathological characteristics by the chi-square or the Fisher's exact test. The prognostic value of Nrf2 for overall recurrence was evaluated by univariate and multivariable Cox regression model. The expression of Nrf2 was observed in type I pneumocytes of lung tissues from PSP patients by IHC. We found that low Nrf2 expression in PSP patients, especially in young (age ≤ 20, p = 0.033) and body mass index (BMI) ≥18 kg/m2 (p = 0.019) groups, was significantly correlated with PSP recurrence. In the univariate and multivariate analyses, high Nrf2 expression was a significant protective factor for overall recurrence in PSP patients (univariate: p = 0.026; multivariate: p = 0.004). The expression level of Nrf2 in alveolar type I pneumocytes was a potential factor involved in PSP recurrence. Our findings suggest that elevated Nrf2 expression in PSP patients may be a promising way for reducing PSP recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Chin Chiu
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shah-Hwa Chou
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Su
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Fong Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chiu WC, Lee YL, Chou SH, Lee YC, Su YH, Hou YA, Chiang HH, Yin HL, Hu SCS, Huang MY, Huang CJ, Yuan SSF. Expression of redox sensing factor Nrf2 in lung macrophages and type II pneumocytes as a prognostic factor in pneumothorax recurrence. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:2498-2509. [PMID: 28932556 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.07.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a common clinical problem. However, PSP recurrence is still a major concern. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) plays a protective role against oxidative airway diseases. The aim was to investigate the role of Nrf2 in PSP patients and its correlation with recurrence. METHODS Eighty-nine patients were enrolled and received wedge resection of lung with identifiable blebs. Nrf2 expression in resected lung tissues was determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and correlated with clinicopathological variables. The prognostic value of Nrf2 for incidence-of-recurrence was determined by Kaplan-Meier estimates and the significance of differences was evaluated by the log-rank test. RESULTS Nrf2 staining was predominantly observed in alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes of PSP patients and correlated with recurrence (P<0.001 and P=0.001, respectively) and PSP location (macrophages, P=0.013). High Nrf2 expression was correlated with better incidence-of-recurrence (macrophages, P=0.003; type II pneumocytes, P=0.003). Moreover, incidence-of-recurrence was better in patients with higher Nrf2 expression, especially those in the age ≤20, male, and non-smoking groups (macrophages, P=0.009, 0.006, and 0.012; type II pneumocytes, P=0.003, 0.011, and 0.010, respectively). CONCLUSIONS High Nrf2 expression in alveolar macrophages and type II pneumocytes was significantly associated with the decreased recurrence risk and was the independent factor predicting a better incidence-of-recurrence in PSP. Our results suggest that Nrf2 activation in high risk patients may be a potential target for reducing PSP recurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chin Chiu
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shah-Hwa Chou
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chen Lee
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Su
- Translational Research Center, Department of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-An Hou
- Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsing Chiang
- Division of Chest Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ling Yin
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Stephen Chu-Sung Hu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Yii Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou F Yuan
- Translational Research Center, Department of Medical Research, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Hsu YL, Hung JY, Lee YL, Chen FW, Chang KF, Chang WA, Tsai YM, Chong IW, Kuo PL. Identification of novel gene expression signature in lung adenocarcinoma by using next-generation sequencing data and bioinformatics analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104831-104854. [PMID: 29285217 PMCID: PMC5739604 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.21022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung adenocarcinoma is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide. We showed transcriptomic profiles in three pairs of tumors and adjacent non-tumor lung tissues using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to screen protein-coding RNAs and microRNAs. Combined with meta-analysis from the Oncomine and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases, we identified a representative genetic expression signature in lung adenocarcinoma. There were 9 upregulated genes, and 8 downregulated genes in lung adenocarcinoma. The analysis of the effects from each gene expression on survival outcome indicated that 6 genes (AGR2, SPDEF, CDKN2A, CLDN3, SFN, and PHLDA2) play oncogenic roles, and 7 genes (PDK4, FMO2, CPED1, GNG11, IL33, BTNL9, and FABP4) act as tumor suppressors in lung adenocarcinoma. In addition, we also identified putative genetic interactions, in which there were 5 upregulated microRNAs with specific targets - hsa-miR-183-5p-BTNL9, hsa-miR-33b-5p-CPED1, hsa-miR-429-CPED1, hsa-miR-182-5p-FMO2, and hsa-miR-130b-5p-IL33. These 5 microRNAs have been shown to be associated with tumorigenesis in lung cancer. Our findings suggest that these genetic interactions play important roles in the progression of lung adenocarcinoma. We propose that this molecular change of genetic expression may represent a novel signature in lung adenocarcinoma, which may be developed for diagnostic and therapeutic strategies in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Yu Hung
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Division of Thoracic surgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Wei Chen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Wei-An Chang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Inn-Wen Chong
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Po-Lin Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Liu YW, Yan FW, Tsai DL, Li HP, Lee YL, Chiang HH, Hsu HT, Chuang HY, Chou SH. Expedite recovery from esophagectomy and reconstruction for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after perioperative management protocol reinvention. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:2029-2037. [PMID: 28840003 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.06.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Surgery for esophageal cancer is invasive and challenging, and always to be followed with arduous post-operative care and recovery. This study, maybe one of the first in Asian populations, is to determine whether a reinvented protocol for perioperative management for esophageal cancer surgery which is being implemented in our department, will lead to a faster convalescence and also significantly decrease financial burdens garnered by patients during hospitalization. METHODS Operated on by the same surgeon and team in the same hospital, consecutive patients who had received esophagectomy and reconstruction for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were retrospectively reviewed. On the basis of two different treatment periods, patients were divided into two groups: A and B. Group A was patients who had received the new reinvented protocol between 2012 and 2016, while group B patients were those having received the previous protocol between 2008 and 2011. Their demographics, post-operative outcome, and hospital charges were collected and compared. RESULTS There were 64 patients in group A, and 69 in group B. Ventilator days (P<0.001), ICU stay (P<0.001), and post-operative stay (P<0.001) were significantly shorter in group A patients. Complication rates were similar between the two groups. No hospital mortality was noted in either group. Hospital charges in group A were found to be perceptively lower, although not statistically significant (P value =0.078). CONCLUSIONS The current protocol of perioperative care effectively ameliorated convalescence after esophagectomy and reconstruction for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma without increasing complication rate or mortality. It is also potentially more practical in future health care policies during this era of financial shortage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wei Liu
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Wei Yan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Lin Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Pin Li
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsing Chiang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Te Hsu
- Department of Anesthesia, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Yi Chuang
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shah-Hwa Chou
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen YC, Chih AH, Chen JR, Liou TH, Pan WH, Lee YL. Rapid adiposity growth increases risks of new-onset asthma and airway inflammation in children. Int J Obes (Lond) 2017; 41:1035-1041. [PMID: 28286341 DOI: 10.1038/ijo.2017.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES We aim to (1) examine the influence of long-term adiposity status/short-term adiposity changes on asthma with high or low fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), and (2) to determine the differences in long-term adiposity status/short-term adiposity changes on atopy, airway inflammation and pulmonary function. SUBJECTS/METHODS We recruited 2450 fourth- to sixth-grade children from the nationwide Taiwan Children Health Study. Data regarding various adiposity indicators, atopic status, pulmonary function tests and asthma outcomes were collected annually. New-onset asthma was stratified by airway inflammation status using FeNO. The generalized estimating equation was used for analyzing longitudinal relationships between long-term adiposity status/short-term adiposity changes and new-onset asthma. Individual adiposity growth slopes were obtained using a hierarchical linear model to establish the relationships between short-term adiposity changes and asthma among children with high airway inflammation. RESULTS We found long-term adiposity status predicted childhood asthma with low FeNO, whereas short-term adiposity changes may increase risks of childhood asthma with high FeNO. Long-term adiposity status reduced pulmonary function, whereas short-term adiposity increase were associated with atopic diseases and airway inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Obesity-induced asthma could be mediated by high or low airway inflammation, depending on the velocity of increase in adiposity. Rapid adiposity growth may increase risks of childhood asthma and airway inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Chen
- Taipei City Hospital, ZhongXing Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - A-H Chih
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Health Center, Office of Student Affairs, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - J-R Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - T-H Liou
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - W-H Pan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Y L Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Chen ACH, Lee YL, Fong SW, Wong CCY, Ng EHY, Yeung WSB. Hyperglycemia impedes definitive endoderm differentiation of human embryonic stem cells by modulating histone methylation patterns. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 368:563-578. [PMID: 28283910 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2583-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to maternal diabetes during fetal growth is a risk factor for the development of type II diabetes (T2D) in later life. Discovery of the mechanisms involved in this association should provide valuable background for therapeutic treatments. Early embryogenesis involves epigenetic changes including histone modifications. The bivalent histone methylation marks H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 are important for regulating key developmental genes during early fetal pancreas specification. We hypothesized that maternal hyperglycemia disrupted early pancreas development through changes in histone bivalency. A human embryonic stem cell line (VAL3) was used as the cell model for studying the effects of hyperglycemia upon differentiation into definitive endoderm (DE), an early stage of the pancreatic lineage. Hyperglycemic conditions significantly down-regulated the expression levels of DE markers SOX17, FOXA2, CXCR4 and EOMES during differentiation. This was associated with retention of the repressive histone methylation mark H3K27me3 on their promoters under hyperglycemic conditions. The disruption of histone methylation patterns was observed as early as the mesendoderm stage, with Wnt/β-catenin signaling being suppressed during hyperglycemia. Treatment with Wnt/β-catenin signaling activator CHIR-99021 restored the expression levels and chromatin methylation status of DE markers, even in a hyperglycemic environment. The disruption of DE development was also found in mouse embryos at day 7.5 post coitum from diabetic mothers. Furthermore, disruption of DE differentiation in VAL3 cells led to subsequent impairment in pancreatic progenitor formation. Thus, early exposure to hyperglycemic conditions hinders DE development with a possible relationship to the later impairment of pancreas specification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A C H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China.
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Room 747, 21 Sassoon Road, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China.
| | - S W Fong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - C C Y Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - E H Y Ng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| | - W S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation, The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
- Center for Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lee YL, Verma RK, Yadav H, Barua A. Health impacts of Facebook usage and mobile texting among undergraduate dental students: it's time to understand the difference between usage and an excessive use. Eur J Dent Educ 2016; 20:218-228. [PMID: 26277860 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Facebook and mobile texting are prevalent in the lives of almost every student. However, little is known about the relationship between Facebook usage or mobile texting and their impacts on health amongst undergraduate dental students. In this study, excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting were studied as they relate to impacts on health. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted at a private university in Malaysia. A total of 188 undergraduate dental students were interviewed using a pre-tested and self-rated questionnaire. Data collected from participants were analysed using SPSS version 18.0. Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test and multiple logistic regression analyses were applied to study the relationship between explanatory variables and excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting. RESULTS The prevalence of excessive Facebook use and excessive mobile texting amongst undergraduate dental students was found to be 33.2% and 33.0%, respectively. According to a multivariate analysis, texting habits, such as the presence of daytime sleepiness after texting late at night (aOR = 2.682, 95% CI = 1.142-6.301) and the presence of anxious feelings if students failed to receive a timely response (aOR = 3.819, 95% CI = 1.580-9.230), were determined to be significant predictors of excessive mobile texting. Excessive Facebook use was found to be significantly related to three variables as follows: fewer numbers of close friends (aOR = 2.275, 95% CI = 1.057-4.898), the checking of updates on the Facebook walls of their friends (aOR = 2.582, 95% CI = 1.189-5.605) and the absence of active and vigorous feelings during Facebook use (aOR = 3.401, 95% CI = 1.233-9.434). CONCLUSIONS Approximately one-third of undergraduate dental students in this study experienced excessive Facebook use and/or excessive mobile texting. Health education and promotion should be instituted to create awareness, whilst students should be advised to practise self-control with respect to both mobile texting and Facebook usage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - R K Verma
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - H Yadav
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Barua
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kwok CTD, Leung MH, Qin J, Qin Y, Wang J, Lee YL, Yao KM. The Forkhead box transcription factor FOXM1 is required for the maintenance of cell proliferation and protection against oxidative stress in human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2016; 16:651-61. [PMID: 27062359 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) exhibit unique cell cycle structure, self-renewal and pluripotency. The Forkhead box transcription factor M1 (FOXM1) is critically required for the maintenance of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells and mouse embryonal carcinoma cells, but its role in hESCs remains unclear. Here, we show that FOXM1 expression was enriched in undifferentiated hESCs and was regulated in a cell cycle-dependent manner with peak levels detected at the G2/M phase. Expression of FOXM1 did not correlate with OCT4 and NANOG during in vitro differentiation of hESCs. Importantly, knockdown of FOXM1 expression led to aberrant cell cycle distribution with impairment in mitotic progression but showed no profound effect on the undifferentiated state. Interestingly, FOXM1 depletion sensitized hESCs to oxidative stress. Moreover, genome-wide analysis of FOXM1 targets by ChIP-seq identified genes important for M phase including CCNB1 and CDK1, which were subsequently confirmed by ChIP and RNA interference analyses. Further peak set comparison against a differentiating hESC line and a cancer cell line revealed a substantial difference in the genomic binding profile of FOXM1 in hESCs. Taken together, our findings provide the first evidence to support FOXM1 as an important regulator of cell cycle progression and defense against oxidative stress in hESCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C T D Kwok
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - M H Leung
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y Qin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - J Wang
- Centre for Genomic Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - K-M Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wong LY, Yiu RL, Chiu CK, Lee WK, Lee YL, Kwong PK, Lo WT. Prevalence of Psychiatric Morbidity in Chinese Subjects with Knee Osteoarthritis in a Hong Kong Orthopaedic Clinic. East Asian Arch Psychiatry 2015; 25:150-158. [PMID: 26764289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the prevalence and associated factors of psychiatric morbidities and to evaluate the effectiveness of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) in screening for psychiatric morbidity in patients with knee osteoarthritis in a local orthopaedic clinic. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2013 to June 2014 to examine patients with knee osteoarthritis at a specialist orthopaedic clinic. They were evaluated for psychiatric diagnoses using the Structured Clinical Interview for the DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I). Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were compared between patients with and without psychiatric morbidity. Patients were also assessed using the HADS with accuracy compared with the psychiatric diagnoses made by the SCID-I. RESULTS Of the 115 patients, 39% had current psychiatric disorders. Logistic regression analysis revealed that limitation of physical activity, perceived absence of confidant, a history of psychiatric illness, and follow-up in orthopaedic clinic for ≥ 5 years were independent factors associated with psychiatric disorders. CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of psychiatric morbidity in patients with knee osteoarthritis was significant. Recognition of independent associated factors can aid in early identification and intervention in patients who are at risk of developing psychiatric morbidity. The HADS is a useful means to screen for psychiatric morbidity in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Y Wong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - R L Yiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - C K Chiu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W K Lee
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - P K Kwong
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - W Tl Lo
- Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hsu JF, Chang HL, Tsai MJ, Tsai YM, Lee YL, Chen PH, Fan WC, Su YC, Yang CJ. Port type is a possible risk factor for implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections and no sign of local infection predicts the growth of gram-negative bacilli. World J Surg Oncol 2015; 13:288. [PMID: 26420628 PMCID: PMC4588233 DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0707-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implantable venous access port (IVAP)-related blood stream infections (BSIs) are one of the most common complications of implantable venous ports. The risk factors and pathogens for IVAP-related BSIs are still controversial. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed all patients who received IVAPs at a Hospital in Taiwan from January 1, 2011 to June 31, 2014. Two types of venous port, BardPort® 6.6 fr (Bard port) and Autosuture Chemosite® 7.5 fr (TYCO port) were used. All patients with clinically proven venous port-related BSIs were enrolled. RESULTS A total of 552 patients were enrolled. There were 34 episodes of IVAP-related BSIs during the study period for a total incidence of 0.177 events/1000 catheter days. Port type (TYCO vs. Bard, HR = 7.105 (95% confidence interval (CI), 1.688-29.904), p = 0.0075), age > 65 years (HR = 2.320 (95 % CI, 1.179-4.564), p = 0.0148), and lung cancer (HR = 5.807 (95% CI, 2.946-11.447), p < 0.001) were risk factors for port infections. We also found that no local sign of infection was significantly associated with the growth of gram-negative bacilli (p = 0.031). CONCLUSIONS TYCO venous ports, age > 65 years, and lung cancer were all significant risk factors for IVAP-related BSIs, and no sign of infection was significantly associated with the growth of gram-negative bacilli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jui-Feng Hsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Hsu-Liang Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Ju Tsai
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Ying-Ming Tsai
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Huan Chen
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Chieh Fan
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Chung Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, No. 68 Chunghwa 3rd Road, Cianjin District, 80145, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan. .,Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. .,School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Hung LP, Leung YF, Ip WY, Lee YL. Is locking plate fixation a better option than casting for distal radius fracture in elderly people? Hong Kong Med J 2015; 21:407-10. [PMID: 26139690 DOI: 10.12809/hkmj144440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the outcomes of locking plate fixation versus casting for displaced distal radius fracture with unstable fracture pattern in active Chinese elderly people. DESIGN Historical cohort study. SETTING Orthopaedic ward and clinic at Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Hong Kong. PATIENTS Between 1 May 2010 and 31 October 2013, 57 Chinese elderly people aged 61 to 80 years were treated either operatively with locking plate fixation (n=26) or conservatively with cast immobilisation (n=31) for unstable displaced distal radius fracture. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Clinical, radiological, and functional outcomes were assessed at 9 to 12 months after treatment. RESULTS The functional outcome (based on the quick Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score) was significantly better in the locking plate fixation group than in the cast immobilisation group, while clinical and radiological outcomes were comparable with those in other similar studies. CONCLUSIONS Locking plate fixation resulted in better functional outcome for displaced distal radius fracture with unstable fracture pattern in active Chinese elderly people aged 61 to 80 years. Further prospective study with long-term follow-up is recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L P Hung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - Y F Leung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| | - W Y Ip
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Y L Lee
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Tseung Kwan O Hospital, Tseung Kwan O, Hong Kong
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Radhika S, Lee YL, Low SF, Fazalina MF, Sharifah Majedah IA, Suraya A, Rajesh S, Jamari S, Tan HJ, Norlinah MI. Role of high resolution ultrasound in ulnar nerve neuropathy. Med J Malaysia 2015; 70:158-161. [PMID: 26248778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was conducted to measure the cross sectional area (CSA) of the ulnar nerve (UN) in the cubital tunnel and to evaluate the role of high-resolution ultrasonography in the diagnosis of ulnar nerve neuropathy (UNN). MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross sectional study with 64 arms from 32 patients (34 neuropathic, 30 nonneuropathic). Diagnosis was confirmed by nerve conduction study and electromyography. The ulnar nerves were evaluated with 15MHz small footprint linear array transducer. The ulnar nerve CSA was measured at three levels with arm extended: at medial epicondyle (ME), 5cm proximal and 5cm distal to ME. Results from the neuropathic and nonneuropathic arms were compared. Independent T-tests and Pearson correlation tests were used. P value of less than 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS Mean CSA values for the UN at levels 5cm proximal to ME, ME and 5cm distal to ME were 0.055, 0.109, 0.045 cm(2) respectively in the neuropathic group and 0.049, 0.075, 0.042 cm2 respectively in the non-neuropathic group. The CSA of the UN at the ME level was significantly larger in the neuropathic group, with p value of 0.005. However, there was no statistical difference between the groups at 5cm proximal and distal to the ME, with p values of 0.10 and 0.35 respectively. CONCLUSION There is significant difference in CSA values of the UN at ME between the neuropathic and non-neuropathic groups with mean CSA value above the predetermined 0.10cm(2) cut-off point. High-resolution ultrasonography is therefore useful to diagnose and follow up cases of elbow UNN.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Radhika
- UKM Medical Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, Bandar Tun Razak, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Y L Lee
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S F Low
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M F Fazalina
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - I A Sharifah Majedah
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - A Suraya
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Rajesh
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - S Jamari
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - H J Tan
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - M I Norlinah
- UKM Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jalan Yaakub latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, 56000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Chou SH, Li HP, Lee YL, Lee JY, Chiang HH, Tsai DL, Huang MF, Lin TE. Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for postoperative recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax. J Thorac Dis 2014; 6:52-5. [PMID: 24455176 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2014.01.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Postoperative recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a troublesome complication and an important issue to be discussed. This study is to determine whether Re-video assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) should be performed for postoperative recurrent PSP (PORP). MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients who had underwent needlescopic VATS for PSP between Jan. 2007 and Dec. 2011 were reviewed. RESULTS VATS was initially performed on 239 patients with PSP in total. Eleven patients were found to have PORP during a follow-up period of 36.95 months. Nine patients received Re-VATS and only two patients receiving conservative treatment had no further recurrence. No conversion to thoracotomy, blood transfusion and prolong air leak were recorded. CONCLUSIONS Even for smaller size cases, Re-VATS, which is technically feasible, safe and effective with better cosmetics and minor postoperative pain, should be a strong contender as priority treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shah-Hwa Chou
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; ; Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsien-Pin Li
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Ying Lee
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Hsing Chiang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Lin Tsai
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meei-Feng Huang
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-En Lin
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Amir A, Lee YL. A case of acute kidney injury by near-drowning. Malays Fam Physician 2013; 8:34-36. [PMID: 25893056 PMCID: PMC4400688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury following immersion or near-drowning is rarely described and no data from Malaysia have been found. We report a case of acute kidney injury following a near-drowning event. A 20-year-old man who recovered from near-drowning in a swimming pool 5 days earlier presented to our clinic with abdominal pain, anorexia, nausea and polyuria. Dipstick urinalysis showed a trace of blood. The serum creatinine level was 10-fold higher than the normal range. A bedside ultrasound showed features suggestive of acute tubular necrosis. He is then referred to the hospital with the diagnosis of acute kidney injury with the possibility of acute tubular necrosis secondary to near-drowning. We suggest that any patient presenting after immersion or near-drowning to be should assessed for potential acute kidney injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Amir
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University Malaya
| | - YL Lee
- Klinik dan surgeri semenyih
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Low SF, Lee YL. Inferior Ophthalmic Vein Varix Complicated by Acute Thrombosis. Hong Kong J Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.12809/hkjr1312140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
|
29
|
Chen YC, Dong GH, Lin KC, Lee YL. Gender difference of childhood overweight and obesity in predicting the risk of incident asthma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2013; 14:222-31. [PMID: 23145849 DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01055.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Revised: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aims of our meta-analysis were (i) to quantify the predictability of childhood overweight and obesity on the risk of incident asthma; and (ii) to evaluate the gender difference on this relationship. The selection criteria included prospective cohort paediatric studies which use age- and sex-specific body mass index (BMI) as a measure of childhood overweight and the primary outcome of incident asthma. A total of 1,027 studies were initially identified through online database searches, and finally 6 studies met the inclusion criteria. The combined result of reported relative risk from the 6 included studies revealed that overweight children conferred increased risks of incident asthma as compared with non-overweight children (relative risk, 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.37). The relationship was further elevated for obesity vs. non-obesity (relative risk, 2.02; 95% CI, 1.16-3.50). A dose-responsiveness of elevated BMI on asthma incidence was observed (P for trend, 0.004). Obese boys had a significantly larger effect than obese girls (relative risk, boys: 2.47; 95% CI, 1.57-3.87; girls: 1.25; 95% CI, 0.51-3.03), with significant dose-dependent effect. Proposed mechanisms of gender difference could be through pulmonary mechanics, sleep disordered breathing and leptin. Further research might be needed to better understand the exact mechanism of gender difference on the obesity-asthma relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y C Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Chen ACH, Lee YL, Hou DYC, Fong SW, Peng Q, Pang RTK, Chiu PCN, Ho PC, Lee KF, Yeung WSB. Study of transforming growth factor alpha for the maintenance of human embryonic stem cells. Cell Tissue Res 2012; 350:289-303. [PMID: 22864984 PMCID: PMC3480587 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-012-1476-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) have great potential for regenerative medicine as they have self-regenerative and pluripotent properties. Feeder cells or their conditioned medium are required for the maintenance of hESC in the undifferentiated state. Feeder cells have been postulated to produce growth factors and extracellular molecules for maintaining hESC in culture. The present study has aimed at identifying these molecules. The gene expression of supportive feeder cells, namely human foreskin fibroblast (hFF-1) and non-supportive human lung fibroblast (WI-38) was analyzed by microarray and 445 genes were found to be differentially expressed. Gene ontology analysis showed that 20.9% and 15.5% of the products of these genes belonged to the extracellular region and regulation of transcription activity, respectively. After validation of selected differentially expressed genes in both human and mouse feeder cells, transforming growth factor α (TGFα) was chosen for functional study. The results demonstrated that knockdown or protein neutralization of TGFα in hFF-1 led to increased expression of early differentiation markers and lower attachment rates of hESC. More importantly, TGFα maintained pluripotent gene expression levels, attachment rates and pluripotency by the in vitro differentiation of H9 under non-supportive conditions. TGFα treatment activated the p44/42 MAPK pathway but not the PI3K/Akt pathway. In addition, TGFα treatment increased the expression of pluripotent markers, NANOG and SSEA-3 but had no effects on the proliferation of hESCs. This study of the functional role of TGFα provides insights for the development of clinical grade hESCs for therapeutic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andy C H Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Jung C, Shin W, Yu BA, Lee YL, Noh YC. Enhanced 355-nm generation using a simple method to compensate for walk-off loss. Opt Express 2012; 20:941-948. [PMID: 22274441 DOI: 10.1364/oe.20.000941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically and experimentally investigated a novel walk-off-compensation method for efficient ultraviolet beam generation. Through theoretical investigation, we described in detail how the power of a generated UV beam can be enhanced by the method; thus, we obtained a brief expression for the output power which has a prediction error of about 30%. In addition, we found that the beam quality can also be enhanced using this method. Through experiments using an alpha barium borate crystal as a walk-off compensator, we found that the power of the generated ultraviolet beam increased 1.9 times.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Jung
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Shu CH, Lee PO, Lan MY, Lee YL. Factors affecting the impact of olfactory loss on the quality of life and emotional coping ability. Rhinology 2011; 49:337-41. [PMID: 21858266 DOI: 10.4193/rhino10.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Olfactory impaired patients have decreased quality of life and may need to develop a coping ability for the olfactory loss. This study investigated how factors like olfactory function, disease duration, etiology, age, and gender affect patients` quality of life and emotional ability to cope. METHODS Four hundred and thirteen consecutive patients with the chief complaint of olfactory dysfunction were evaluated. The Questionnaire of Olfactory Disorders (QOD) included negative statements (QOD-NS) that indicated the impact on the quality of life, and positive statements (QOD-PS) reflecting the emotional coping ability. Relations between studied factors and QOD-NS or QOD-PS were analyzed. RESULTS Poorer olfaction and younger age correlated with increased QOD-NS scores, whereas longer disease duration and older age correlated with increased QOD-PS scores. Females had poorer coping than males. QOD-PS scores were inversely related to QOD-NS scores. CONCLUSIONS The impact of olfactory loss is more significantly felt by younger patients with poorer olfaction. Older patients or those with longer disease duration develop better emotional coping abilities so as to reduce the impact on quality of life. It may be helpful for the patients with olfactory loss to develop emotional coping as early as possible to decrease the olfactory impact.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C H Shu
- Department of Otolaryngology, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether environmental exposures may modulate the effect of the skin barrier gene on atopic dermatitis (AD) remains to be elucidated. OBJECTIVES To determine whether filaggrin (FLG) variants can serve as a predictor for atopic disorders in Chinese individuals and if allergen exposures may modify the effect of FLG variants on AD by total IgE levels. METHODS In total, 116 children aged 2-5years with AD and 212 control subjects were analysed for the FLG variants using DNA sequencing. Multiple logistic regression models were performed to estimate the association among FLG polymorphisms and atopic phenotypes. Serum total IgE level, standing for the degree of allergen exposures, was later stratified to determine the effects of FLG polymorphisms on AD. RESULTS A significant difference in genotype frequency was found among AD cases and controls in FLG P478S polymorphism. FLG P478S GG genotype significantly increased the risk of AD [odds ratio (OR) 4·60, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1·88-11·24]. In addition, among subjects with AD, GG genotypes also significantly increased the risk of developing asthma (OR 4·68, 95% CI 1·37-16·03). Further, a similar result was obtained for allergic rhinitis (OR 3·23, 95% CI 1·01-10·30). Interestingly, the P478S GG genotype was significantly related to AD (OR 5·67, 95% CI 1·93-16·60) in children with IgE level ≥100 kU L(-1) . However, the association was not evident when IgE level was < 100 kU L(-1) . CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the FLG P478S polymorphism may confer susceptibility to the development of AD among Chinese individuals and may be modified by IgE levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I J Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Department of Health, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Chou SH, Chuang IC, Huang MF, Chang SJ, Li HP, Lee JY, Lee YL, Chiang HH. Comparison of needlescopic and conventional video-assisted thoracic surgery for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. MINIM INVASIV THER 2011; 21:168-72. [PMID: 21574829 DOI: 10.3109/13645706.2011.580763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Whether the outcome of primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) when treated with needlescopic video-assisted thoracic surgery is positive is still under scrutiny. The present study was conducted to compare the needlescopic approach with the conventional approach. One-hundred and six patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax who had undergone needlescopic video-assisted thoracic surgery (NVATS) between May 2006 and August 2008 were reviewed. Their age, gender, smoking status, BMI, side of attack, operative indications, operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative length of stay, postoperative pain in visual analog scale (VAS), postoperative recurrence and follow-up period were recorded. These data were compared with those of 89 patients with PSP who had undergone conventional video-assisted thoracic surgery (CVATS) between June 2002 and April 2006. The operative time was shorter (NVATS: 82.36 ± 35.58 min, CVATS: 99.78 ± 35.74 min; p = 0.008) and intraoperative blood loss was less (NVATS: 16.67 ± 25.90 ml, CVATS: 24.36 ± 26.86 ml; p = 0.04) for the NVATS group. The postoperative pain in VAS was significantly less in NVATS. No major complication or mortality was found in either group. For treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax, NVATS is a safe and effective option. Further, it has the added benefit of less pain and improved cosmetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shah-Hwa Chou
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Du P, Lee CH, Choi JH, Yoo KY, Lee YL, Kang IJ, Hwang IK, Kim JD, Won MH. Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide-immunoreactive cells in the ageing gerbil hippocampus. Anat Histol Embryol 2011; 40:389-96. [PMID: 21545645 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0264.2011.01083.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated age-related changes in pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) immunoreactivity and its protein levels in the gerbil hippocampus at various ages using immunohistochemistry and western blot analysis. In the post-natal month 1 (PM 1) group, PACAP-immunoreactive cells were found in all hippocampal subregions. The number of PACAP-immunoreactive cells was decreased in the PM 3 group and was still more decreased in the PM 6 and 12 groups. Thereafter, in the PM 18 and 24 groups, PACAP-immunoreactive cells were significantly increased again. However, in the mossy fibre zone, PACAP immunostaining was very strong in the adult group, especially in the PM 6 group. In addition, PACAP protein level was highest at PM 6, showing a slight decrease at PM 24. These results indicate that PACAP-immunoreactive cells are lowest in the adult stage and highest in the aged stage. However, PACAP immunoreactivity in the mossy fibre zone and PACAP protein level in the hippocampus are highest in the adult stage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Du
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, and Institute of Neurodegeneration and Neuroregeneration, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Lin CC, Ko CY, Liu JP, Lee YL, Chie WC. Nationwide periodic health examinations promote early treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in adults: experience from Taiwan. Public Health 2011; 125:187-95. [PMID: 21440274 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2010.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effectiveness of nationwide periodic health examinations in promoting early treatment of hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia in adults aged ≥40 years. STUDY DESIGN Seven-year, retrospective, cohort study. METHODS Based on a large and representative claims dataset in Taiwan, cohort analysis was undertaken among three disease-free cohorts for hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia (n = 26,661, 29,872 and 30,712 subjects, respectively) in 2000. Each cohort was observed from January 2001 to December 2007. Logistic regression, Cox proportional hazards analysis and the extended Cox model with counting process were employed in data analysis. Covariates such as age, gender, level of premium, beneficiary category, comorbidities and geographic factors were adjusted at baseline. RESULTS For the hypertension, diabetes and hyperlipidemia cohorts, those who had ever used the preventive service between 1998 and 2000 had higher probabilities of being treated as new patients for these target diseases; the hazard ratios were 1.65, 1.32 and 1.57, respectively. Using the extended Cox model, associations for use of each service with treatment within a 1-year follow-up period between 2001 and 2007 were 1.68, 2.41 and 3.48. CONCLUSIONS In adults who were initially disease-free, those who used the preventive service had higher probabilities of early treatment of these target diseases. These findings indicate the effectiveness of nationwide periodic health examinations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C-C Lin
- Department of Community Medicine, Family Medicine Division, Tao-yuan Armed Forces General Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Hwang IK, Yoo DY, Yoo KY, Choi JH, Lee HJ, Lee CH, Moon SM, Lee YL, Shin HC, Won MH. Microtubule associated protein 2 and choline acetyltransferase immunoreactivity in the lumbar spinal cord of young adult and aged dogs. Res Vet Sci 2011; 91:e10-5. [PMID: 21435670 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2011.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2010] [Revised: 01/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/25/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
German Shepherds are a good model for research about aging and neurological disorders such as lumbosacral spinal canal stenosis. We compared neurons, glia and cholinergic neurons in the ventral horn of the lumbar spinal cord (L(3)) between adult (1-2 years old) and aged (10-12 years old) groups. Any pathological findings were not found by hematoxylin and eosin staining and neurological examination, and the number of NeuN (a marker for neurons)-positive neurons were similar in both groups. Microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) immunoreactive dendrites in the aged dog were decreased without any change in β-tubulin protein level. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (a marker for astrocytes) and ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (a marker for microglia) immunoreactivity were not significantly changed in both groups. The number of ChAT immunoreactive neurons was decreased; however, its protein level was not significantly changed in the aged group. These results suggest that numbers of ventral horn neurons are not changed, but cholinergic neurons may change in aged dogs compared to adult dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I K Hwang
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Flörchinger B, Timsit MO, Yuan X, Ge X, Lee YL, Schmid C, Tullius S. Early immune activation of donor organs after brain death in a mouse heart transplantation model. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2011. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1269053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
39
|
Tong SHY, Chan WL, Lee YL. Silver Nitrate Stain Masquerading as an Avulsion Fracture of the Finger. HONG KONG J EMERG ME 2011. [DOI: 10.1177/102490791101800110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a case of silver nitrate stain on the finger that masqueraded as an avulsion fracture on radiograph. Radiopacity in the proximal phalanx was demonstrated on radiograph after topical silver nitrate was applied to achieve haemostasis to a bleeding laceration on that area. The radiopacity was initially diagnosed as an avulsion fracture. The correct diagnosis of radiopacity corresponding to silver nitrate application was confirmed by correlation of physical examination with radiographic finding. The lesion spontaneously resolved with conservative management. The importance of correlating the clinical site of silver nitrate application with radiographic finding for accurate diagnosis and avoidance of unnecessary surgical intervention is emphasized.
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
Incense burning is a popular practice in many family homes and temples. However, little is known about the effects of indoor incense burning and genetic polymorphisms on asthma. This study evaluated the effects of indoor incense burning and glutathione S-transferase (GST) genetic polymorphisms on asthma and wheeze. In 2007, 3,764 seventh-grade schoolchildren (mean±sd age 12.42±0.65 yrs) were evaluated using a standard questionnaire for information about respiratory symptoms and environmental exposures. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to assess the association between GST polymorphisms and incense burning frequency on asthma and wheeze, after adjusting for potential confounders. The frequency of incense burning at home was associated with increased risk of current asthma (p=0.05), medication use (p=0.03) and exercise wheeze (p=0.001). GST1 (GSTT1) null genotypes were associated with current asthma (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.00-2.04) and medication use (OR 1.46, 95% CI 1.01-2.22). GSTT1 showed a significant interactive effect with incense burning on current asthma, current wheeze and nocturnal wheeze. The frequency of incense burning was associated with increased risk of current asthma, medication use, lifetime wheeze, nocturnal wheeze and exercise wheeze in an exposure-response manner among children with GSTT1 null genotype (p<0.05). Incense burning is a risk factor for asthma and wheezing, especially in GSTT1 genetically susceptible children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-J Wang
- Department of Paediatrics, Taipei Hospital, Department of Health, School of Medicine, FuJen Catholic University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Liao CW, Lee YL, Sukati H, D'lamini P, Huang YC, Chiu CJ, Liu YH, Chou CM, Chiu WT, Du WY, Hung CC, Chan HC, Chu B, Cheng HC, Su J, Tu CC, Cheng CY, Fan CK. Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection among children in Swaziland, southern Africa. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 2010; 103:731-6. [PMID: 20030998 DOI: 10.1179/000349809x12554106963474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C W Liao
- Department of Parasitology, Taipei Medical University College of Medicine, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Lee YL, Shin W, Yu BA, Jung C, Noh YC, Ko DK. Mode tailoring in a ridge-type periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide. Opt Express 2010; 18:7678-7684. [PMID: 20588608 DOI: 10.1364/oe.18.007678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
We present a simple and powerful method for mode generation and transformation in a ridge-type periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguide by the use of second-order nonlinear effect and local-temperature-control technique. We show that a Hermite-Gaussian (HG) mode wave (among HG(00) to HG(22)) can be selectively generated via the quasi-phase-matching (QPM) nonlinear process in a PPLN waveguide by tuning the wavelength of fundamental wave or the temperature of the waveguide. As well, it is demonstrated that HG mode can be transformed into Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) one via combination of HG modes which are simultaneously generated in a single PPLN waveguide with local-temperature-control technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Abstract
We described the principle and the fabrication of a Nd:YVO(4)/KTP microchip for the linearly-polarized green laser and verified its availability by manufacturing and characterizing the green laser using the microchip. Under the driving condition having the modulation frequency of 60 Hz and the duty ratio of 25%, the laser showed the stable linear polarization, the maximum average power of 37 mW, yielding the high electrical-to-optical efficiency of 10.9%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Jung
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 1 Oryong-dong, Buk-gu, Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Chou SH, Li HP, Lee JY, Chang SJ, Lee YL, Chang YT, Kao EL, Dai ZK, Huang MF. Is prophylactic treatment of contralateral blebs in patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax indicated? J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2009; 139:1241-5. [PMID: 19765740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2009.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2008] [Revised: 06/10/2009] [Accepted: 07/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES More than 50% of patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax have contralateral blebs/bullae, and about a quarter will develop a contralateral pneumothorax. The purpose of this prospective study was to determine the need for elective treatment of asymptomatic contralateral blebs/bullae in patients presenting with primary spontaneous pneumothorax. METHODS From May 2006 through June 2008, results from 35 patients with ipsilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax without contralateral blebs receiving unilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery, 35 patients with ipsilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax with contralateral blebs receiving unilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery, and 16 patients with ipsilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax receiving bilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery for positive contralateral blebs were collected. Their demographic and operating data were also recorded. RESULTS There was no significant difference in age, gender, smoking percentage, body mass index (kg/m(2)), blood loss, and postoperative pain among groups. There was longer operative time and length of stay in group receiving bilateral surgery. Within the follow-up period of 16.68 +/- 9.91 months (median, 17.50), no recurrence on either lung was found in the group operated on both sides, while contralateral occurrence was found in 17.14% of the group with ipsilateral primary spontaneous pneumothorax with contralateral blebs receiving unilateral video-assisted thoracic surgery within the period of 18.15 +/- 8.07 months (median, 21). CONCLUSION The study showed that the preemptive video-assisted thoracic surgery for the contralateral blebs/bullae effectively prevented the contralateral occurrence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shah-Hwa Chou
- Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Chou SH, Li HP, Lee JY, Lee YL, Kao EL, Huang MF, Lin TE. Needlescopic Video-assisted Thoracic Surgery for Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax. MINIM INVASIV THER 2009; 18:221-4. [DOI: 10.1080/13645700802649425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
46
|
Lee YL, Eom TJ, Shin W, Yu BA, Ko DK, Kim WK, Lee HY. Characteristics of a multi-mode interference device based on Ti:LiNbO3 channel waveguide. Opt Express 2009; 17:10718-10724. [PMID: 19550468 DOI: 10.1364/oe.17.010718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the multi-mode interference effect depending on the wavelength and the polarization states of input beam in a multi-mode Ti:LiNbO(3) waveguide at about 1300 nm region. The transmitted optical signal of a Ti:LiNbO(3) waveguide shows the periodic oscillation as a function of input wavelength. The measured average periodicity of the oscillation in TM and TE polarization beams were about 18 nm and 48 nm, respectively. Actually, the periodicity is determined by the refractive index difference between the two modes (fundamental and first modes). Therefore, we have explained the experimental results with the theoretical calculations which are derived from a quasi-analytical technique based on the effective-refractive- index method and the equation of coupling length determined by the mode phase factor in the multi-mode waveguide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Buk-gu, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Lee YL, Yu NE, Kee CS, Ko DK, Lee J, Yu BA, Shin W, Eom TJ, Noh YC. Wavelength filtering characteristics of Solc filter based on Ti:PPLN channel waveguide. Opt Lett 2007; 32:2813-5. [PMID: 17909582 DOI: 10.1364/ol.32.002813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the Solc filtering characteristics in a periodically poled Ti:LiNbO3 (Ti:PPLN) multimode waveguide. The single- and dual-wavelength filtering were achieved under the optimized guiding condition for the TEM(00)-like mode and two mode (TEM(00)- and TEM(01)-like mode), respectively. The full width at half-maximum of the filter was about 0.21 nm at both guiding conditions. We found that the origin of two peaks of the dual-wavelength Solc filter in the two-mode guiding condition is the different effective refractive index between the TEM(00)- and TEM(01)-like modes. The wavelength difference of two peaks is about 0.8 nm at room temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y L Lee
- Nonlinear Optics Lab, Advanced Photonics Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Korea.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Choi WS, Jang JH, Yu BA, Lee YL, Zhao W, Bae JW, Adesida I. Low loss high mesa optical waveguides based on InGaAsP/InP heterostructures. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 2006; 6:3562-6. [PMID: 17252812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Low loss high mesa optical waveguides were fabricated on InGaAsP/InP heterostructures by utilizing inductively-coupled-plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) and electron beam lithography technique. The fabrication process was optimized by measuring sidewall roughness of deep-etched waveguides. Atomic force microscope loaded with carbon nanotude was used to obtain three-dimensional image of the etched sidewall of waveguides. The obtained statistical information such as rms roughness and correlation length was used to theoretically calculate scattering loss of waveguides. Several waveguides with different number of sharp bends and the length were fabricated and their propagation losses were measured by modified Fabry-Perot method. The measured propagation losses were compared with theoretically calculated losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W S Choi
- Department of Information and Communications, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Oryongdong Bukgu Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xu FL, Lee YL, Tsai WY, Lin SJ, Yang ZQ, Yang CC, Liu HY, Cheng L, Xiao H, Wen L. Effect of cordycepin on Hantaan virus 76-118 infection of primary human embryonic pulmonary fibroblasts--characterization of apoptotic effects. Acta Virol 2005; 49:183-93. [PMID: 16178516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The cDNA microarray technique was used to study gene epression in human embryonic pulmonary fibroblasts (HEPF) infected with Hantaan virus (HTNV) under the influence of cordycepin (Cor), an inhibitor of post-transcriptional pre-mRNA polyadenylation. Four apoptotic genes, the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, NFkB inhibitor alpha, caspase-3 and NFkB1 were up-regulated in both infected and uninfected Cor-treated cells and two cell cycle-associated genes, CDC-like kinase and beta-induced transforming growth factor were up-regulated in Cor-untreated cells but down-regulated in Cor-treated cells. Cell morphology examination, quantitative RT-PCR, and immunofluorescence (IF) test suggested that following the Cor treatment the HTNV infection took place, but late viral gene expression was slightly reduced. Three parameters, namely caspase-3 activity, annexin V binding, and cell cycle were used to detect apoptosis. The results suggested that the induction of apoptosis in HEPF by HTNV started at 6 hrs post infection (p.i.). Following the Cor treatment, however, the caspase-3 activity began to increase at 24 hrs p.i. Thus it is suggested that inhibition of de novo late viral protein synthesis by Cor changes the apoptosis pathway and cell cycle by delaying caspase-3 gene expression and by up/down-regulating of expression of other apoptotic and cell cycle-associated genes. This implicates that HTNV can induce apoptosis in HEPF even without de novo viral protein synthesis and with a reduced and slowed viral maturation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F L Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Virology, Medical College, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Huang CR, Lin SS, Chou MY, Ho CC, Wang L, Lee YL, Chen CS, Yang CC. Demonstration of different modes of cell death upon herpes simplex virus 1 infection in different types of oral cells. Acta Virol 2005; 49:7-15. [PMID: 15929393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) infection on five different types of oral cancerous cells (neck metastasis of gingival carcinoma (GNM) cells and tongue squamous cells of carcinoma (TSCCa) and non-cancerous cells (buccal mucosal fibroblasts (BF), gingival fibroblasts (GF), oral submucosal fibrosis cells (OSF)) and one type of non-oral cancerous cells (KB cells) were investigated. In HSV-1-infected cells the cell viability, CPE, viral antigens accumulation, caspase-3 activity, annexin V binding and DNA fragmentation were estimated. Three different forms or pathways of cell death were considered: apoptosis (the presence or rise of caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and annexin V binding), slow cell death (the presence or rise of DNA fragmentation, the absence or decline of caspase-3 activity and annexin V binding), and necrosis (the absence of decline of caspase-3 activity, DNA fragmentation and annexin V binding). The viability of all cell types, except for KB cells, was reduced by the infection. CPE and viral antigens data demonstrated that all six types of cells could be infected with HSV-1. Upon HSV-1 infection there occurred (i) a classical apoptosis in GF cells, (ii) apoptosis in the early phase of infection and necrosis in the late phase of infection in GNM and TSCCa cells, (iii) slow cell death followed by necrosis in BF and OSF cells (however, these cells showed a different type of CPE), (iv) a classical slow cell death in KB cells. It is hypothesized that HSV-1 infection has a potential to induce several distinct pathways leading to cell death or several forms of cell death. Moreover, more than one pathway may be involved in the death of particular cell type. As HSV-1 was demonstrated to infect different oral and non-oral cells and cause different pathways or forms of cell death, the safety of using HSV-1 as a vector for gene therapy should be re-considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C R Huang
- Institute of Immunology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|