1
|
Zhang X, Yarman A, Kovács N, Bognár Z, Gyurcsányi RE, Bier FF, Scheller FW. Specific features of epitope-MIPs and whole-protein MIPs as illustrated for AFP and RBD of SARS-CoV-2. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:242. [PMID: 38573524 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06325-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) nanofilms for alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and the receptor binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 using either a peptide (epitope-MIP) or the whole protein (protein-MIP) as the template were prepared by electropolymerization of scopoletin. Conducting atomic force microscopy revealed after template removal and electrochemical deposition of gold a larger surface density of imprinted cavities for the epitope-imprinted polymers than when using the whole protein as template. However, comparable affinities towards the respective target protein (AFP and RBD) were obtained for both types of MIPs as expressed by the KD values in the lower nanomolar range. On the other hand, while the cross reactivity of both protein-MIPs towards human serum albumin (HSA) amounts to around 50% in the saturation region, the nonspecific binding to the respective epitope-MIPs is as low as that for the non-imprinted polymer (NIP). This effect might be caused by the different sizes of the imprinted cavities. Thus, in addition to the lower costs the reduced nonspecific binding is an advantage of epitope-imprinted polymers for the recognition of proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Zhang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Aysu Yarman
- Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Turkish-German University, Sahinkaya Cad. Beykoz, Istanbul, 34820, Turkey
| | - Norbert Kovács
- BME "Lendület" Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsófia Bognár
- BME "Lendület" Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert E Gyurcsányi
- BME "Lendület" Chemical Nanosensors Research Group, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
- HUN-REN-BME Computation Driven Chemistry Research Group, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Frank F Bier
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Frieder W Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biology, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht Str. 24-25, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Krieger TM, Weidinger C, Oberleitner T, Undeutsch G, Rota MB, Tajik N, Aigner M, Buchinger Q, Schimpf C, Garcia AJ, Covre da Silva SF, Höfling S, Huber-Loyola T, Trotta R, Rastelli A. Postfabrication Tuning of Circular Bragg Resonators for Enhanced Emitter-Cavity Coupling. ACS Photonics 2024; 11:596-603. [PMID: 38405396 PMCID: PMC10885778 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state quantum emitters embedded in circular Bragg resonators are attractive due to their ability to emit quantum light with high brightness and low multiphoton probability. As for any emitter-microcavity system, fabrication imperfections limit the spatial and spectral overlap of the emitter with the cavity mode, thus limiting their coupling strength. Here, we show that an initial spectral mismatch can be corrected after device fabrication by repeated wet chemical etching steps. We demonstrate an ∼16 nm wavelength tuning for optical modes in AlGaAs resonators on oxide, leading to a 4-fold Purcell enhancement of the emission of single embedded GaAs quantum dots. Numerical calculations reproduce the observations and suggest that the achievable performance of the resonator is only marginally affected in the explored tuning range. We expect the method to be applicable also to circular Bragg resonators based on other material platforms, thus increasing the device yield of cavity-enhanced solid-state quantum emitters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias M. Krieger
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Christian Weidinger
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Thomas Oberleitner
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Gabriel Undeutsch
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Michele B. Rota
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Naser Tajik
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Maximilian Aigner
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Quirin Buchinger
- Lehrstuhl
für Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Christian Schimpf
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Ailton J. Garcia
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Saimon F. Covre da Silva
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| | - Sven Höfling
- Lehrstuhl
für Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Huber-Loyola
- Lehrstuhl
für Technische Physik, Physikalisches Institut, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Rinaldo Trotta
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Armando Rastelli
- Institute
of Semiconductor and Solid State Physics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Straße 69, 4040 Linz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Puengel T, Tacke F. Cell type-specific actions of thyroid hormones in nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and liver fibrosis. Liver Int 2024; 44:275-278. [PMID: 38289588 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Puengel
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Frank Tacke
- Department of Hepatology & Gastroenterology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Schmidt KFR, Gensichen JS, Schroevers M, Kaufmann M, Mueller F, Schelling G, Gehrke-Beck S, Boede M, Heintze C, Wensing M, Schwarzkopf D. Trajectories of post-traumatic stress in sepsis survivors two years after ICU discharge: a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial. Crit Care 2024; 28:35. [PMID: 38287438 PMCID: PMC10823628 DOI: 10.1186/s13054-024-04815-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress has been identified as a frequent long-term complication in survivors of critical illnesses after sepsis. Little is known about long-term trajectories of post-traumatic stress and potentially modifiable risk factors following the ICU stay. Study objective was to explore and compare different clinical trajectories of post-traumatic stress symptoms in sepsis survivors up to two years after discharge from ICU. METHODS Data on post-traumatic stress symptoms by means of the Post-traumatic Symptom Scale (PTSS-10) were collected in sepsis survivors at one, six, 12 and 24 months after discharge from ICU. Data on chronic psychiatric diagnoses prior ICU were derived from the primary care provider's health records, and data on intensive care treatment from ICU documentation. Trajectories of post-traumatic symptoms were identified ex post, discriminating patterns of change and k-means clustering. Assignment to the trajectories was predicted in multinomial log-linear models. RESULTS At 24 months, all follow-up measurements of the PTSS-10 were completed in N = 175 patients. Three clusters could be identified regarding clinical trajectories of PTSS levels: stable low symptoms (N = 104 patients [59%]), increasing symptoms (N = 45 patients [26%]), and recovering from symptoms (N = 26 patients [15%]). Patients with initially high post-traumatic symptoms were more likely to show a decrease (OR with 95% CI: 1.1 [1.05, 1.16]). Females (OR = 2.45 [1.11, 5.41]) and patients reporting early traumatic memories of the ICU (OR = 4.04 [1.63, 10]) were at higher risk for increasing PTSS levels. CONCLUSION Post-traumatic stress is a relevant long-term burden for sepsis patients after ICU stay. Identification of three different trajectories within two years after ICU discharge highlights the importance of long-term observation, as a quarter of patients reports few symptoms at discharge yet an increase in symptoms in the two years following. Regular screening of ICU survivors on post-traumatic stress should be considered even in patients with few symptoms and in particular in females and patients reporting traumatic memories of the ICU.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Konrad F R Schmidt
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité University Medicine, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany.
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, D-07743, Jena, Germany.
- Center of Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany.
| | - Jochen S Gensichen
- Center of Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Maya Schroevers
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, NL-9700 AB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martina Kaufmann
- Office of Good Scientific Practice, Charité University Medicine, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Friederike Mueller
- Center of Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Child and Youth Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Asklepios Hospital Luebben, D-15907, Luebben, Germany
| | - Gustav Schelling
- Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital of the Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, D-80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Sabine Gehrke-Beck
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité University Medicine, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Monique Boede
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Jena University Hospital, D-07743, Jena, Germany
| | - Christoph Heintze
- Institute of General Practice and Family Medicine, Charité University Medicine, Charitéplatz 1, D-10117, Berlin, Germany
| | - Michel Wensing
- Department of General Practice and Health Services Research, University Hospital Heidelberg, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Schwarzkopf
- Center of Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital, D-07747, Jena, Germany
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Jena University Hospital, Am Klinikum 1, D-07747, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Terekhov M, Elabyad IA, Lohr D, Reiter T, Kögler C, Lanz T, Schreiber LM. Complementary analysis of specific absorption rate safety for an 8Tx/16Rx array with central symmetry of elements for magnetic resonance imaging of the human heart and abdominopelvic organs at 7 T. NMR Biomed 2023; 36:e5023. [PMID: 37620002 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.5023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
A complementary safety assessment of the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the electromagnetic energy was performed in a prototype 8Tx/16Rx RF array for cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7 T. The study aimed to address two critical aspects of 7-T SAR safety not always explicitly examined by coil vendors: (i) the influence of an RF-array position on a peak SAR value, and (ii) the risk of exceeding the permitted maximal SAR in the tissue surrounding conductive passive implants. The full-wave 3D electromagnetic simulations for the thorax with shifted array position and the whole-body volume in the presence of a dental retainer, an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD), and a hip joint implant, were performed for two human voxel models. The effect of the array displacement on the SAR was simulated for seven array locations on the thorax shifted from the central position in different directions on 50 mm. The peak SAR values for both models were analyzed for the three phase-only transmit vectors optimized for B1 + homogeneity and transmit efficiency. Peak SAR values due to the shifts of the array position increase up to ≈50%. The worst-case peak SAR value for a dental retainer was found to be in the range of 10% of the maximal SAR in the tissue within the array's borders. For the IUD and artificial hip joint implants the effect was found to be negligible (peak SAR < 1% of the SAR within array borders). In addition to simulations for cardiac MRI, we performed a preliminary B1 + shimming and SAR-safety analysis for the same RF-array at various positions lower on the body trunk to assess a potential application in imaging abdominopelvic organs (prostate, kidney, and liver). The most promising target for an ad hoc alternative application of the array was found to be the prostate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Terekhov
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ibrahim A Elabyad
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - David Lohr
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | - Theresa Reiter
- Department of Internal Medicine I/Cardiology, University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Laura M Schreiber
- Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg (UKW), Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Basedau H, Oppermann T, Gundelwein Silva E, Peng KP, May A. Characterization of trigeminal C-fiber reactivity through capsaicin-induced release of calcitonin gene-related peptide. Headache 2023; 63:353-359. [PMID: 36705344 DOI: 10.1111/head.14471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the response of trigeminal dermal blood flow (DBF) in the trigeminal system and consecutive expansion of flare response to capsaicin would differ from the somatosensory system (arm). We also investigated whether there are differences between patients with migraine and healthy controls (HC). BACKGROUND Functional differences between the trigeminal and extracephalic somatosensory systems may partly explain the susceptibility for headaches in patients with migraine. Capsaicin-induced activation of nociceptive C-fibers in the skin is mainly mediated by calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and induces cutaneous vessel dilatation and flare response. METHODS Female patients with migraine (n = 38) and age-matched HC (n = 35) underwent DBF measurement at baseline and after topical capsaicin administration using laser speckle imaging. DBF before and after capsaicin stimulation was analyzed over ophthalmic nerve/maxillary nerve/mandibular nerve (V1/V2/V3) dermatomes and the forearm as an extracephalic control. RESULTS Capsaicin-induced DBF increased more in the trigeminal dermatomes than on the forearm. The V1 dermatome showed a smaller increase of DBF in patients with migraine compared to HC. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the trigeminovascular system reacts differently from extracephalic areas, which may explain the trigeminal susceptibility to CGRP-mediated pain attacks. By demonstrating a different reactivity of the V1 dermatome in patients with migraine, our finding suggests that the first trigeminal branch is functionally different from the second and third branches; however, only in patients with migraine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hauke Basedau
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistr, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thalea Oppermann
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistr, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Elisa Gundelwein Silva
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistr, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kuan-Po Peng
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistr, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne May
- Department of Systems Neuroscience, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf Martinistr, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kemper M, Krekeler C, Menck K, Lenz G, Evers G, Schulze AB, Bleckmann A. Liquid Biopsies in Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1430. [PMID: 36900221 PMCID: PMC10000706 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
Abstract
As lung cancer has the highest cancer-specific mortality rates worldwide, there is an urgent need for new therapeutic and diagnostic approaches to detect early-stage tumors and to monitor their response to the therapy. In addition to the well-established tissue biopsy analysis, liquid-biopsy-based assays may evolve as an important diagnostic tool. The analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is the most established method, followed by other methods such as the analysis of circulating tumor cells (CTCs), microRNAs (miRNAs), and extracellular vesicles (EVs). Both PCR- and NGS-based assays are used for the mutational assessment of lung cancer, including the most frequent driver mutations. However, ctDNA analysis might also play a role in monitoring the efficacy of immunotherapy and its recent accomplishments in the landscape of state-of-the-art lung cancer therapy. Despite the promising aspects of liquid-biopsy-based assays, there are some limitations regarding their sensitivity (risk of false-negative results) and specificity (interpretation of false-positive results). Hence, further studies are needed to evaluate the usefulness of liquid biopsies for lung cancer. Liquid-biopsy-based assays might be integrated into the diagnostic guidelines for lung cancer as a tool to complement conventional tissue sampling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Kemper
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Carolin Krekeler
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Kerstin Menck
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Georg Lenz
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Georg Evers
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Arik Bernard Schulze
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Annalen Bleckmann
- Department of Medicine A for Hematology, Oncology and Pneumology, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
- West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Muenster, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ungethüm K, Wiedmann S, Wagner M, Leyh R, Ertl G, Frantz S, Geisler T, Karmann W, Prondzinsky R, Herdeg C, Noutsias M, Ludwig T, Käs J, Klocke B, Krapp J, Wood D, Kotseva K, Störk S, Heuschmann PU. Secondary prevention in diabetic and nondiabetic coronary heart disease patients: Insights from the German subset of the hospital arm of the EUROASPIRE IV and V surveys. Clin Res Cardiol 2023; 112:285-298. [PMID: 36166067 PMCID: PMC9898414 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-022-02093-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) with and without diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of recurrent events requiring multifactorial secondary prevention of cardiovascular risk factors. We compared prevalences of cardiovascular risk factors and its determinants including lifestyle, pharmacotherapy and diabetes mellitus among patients with chronic CHD examined within the fourth and fifth EUROASPIRE surveys (EA-IV, 2012-13; and EA-V, 2016-17) in Germany. METHODS The EA initiative iteratively conducts European-wide multicenter surveys investigating the quality of secondary prevention in chronic CHD patients aged 18 to 79 years. The data collection in Germany was performed during a comprehensive baseline visit at study centers in Würzburg (EA-IV, EA-V), Halle (EA-V), and Tübingen (EA-V). RESULTS 384 EA-V participants (median age 69.0 years, 81.3% male) and 536 EA-IV participants (median age 68.7 years, 82.3% male) were examined. Comparing EA-IV and EA-V, no relevant differences in risk factor prevalence and lifestyle changes were observed with the exception of lower LDL cholesterol levels in EA-V. Prevalence of unrecognized diabetes was significantly lower in EA-V as compared to EA-IV (11.8% vs. 19.6%) while the proportion of prediabetes was similarly high in the remaining population (62.1% vs. 61.0%). CONCLUSION Between 2012 and 2017, a modest decrease in LDL cholesterol levels was observed, while no differences in blood pressure control and body weight were apparent in chronic CHD patients in Germany. Although the prevalence of unrecognized diabetes decreased in the later study period, the proportion of normoglycemic patients was low. As pharmacotherapy appeared fairly well implemented, stronger efforts towards lifestyle interventions, mental health programs and cardiac rehabilitation might help to improve risk factor profiles in chronic CHD patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Ungethüm
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany.
| | - S Wiedmann
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin, Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M Wagner
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Kuratorium für Dialyse und Nierentransplantation E.V, Neu-Isenburg, Hesse, Germany
| | - R Leyh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - G Ertl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - S Frantz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - T Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Disease, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - W Karmann
- Department of Medicine, Klinik Kitzinger Land, Kitzingen, Bavaria, Germany
| | - R Prondzinsky
- Cardiology/Intensive Care Medicine, Carl Von Basedow Klinikum Merseburg, Merseburg, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany
| | - C Herdeg
- Medius Klinik Ostfildern-Ruit, Klinik für Innere Medizin, Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Ostfildern-Ruit, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - M Noutsias
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Halle, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Saxony-Anhalt, Halle (Saale), Germany
- Department of Internal Medicine A, University Hospital Ruppin-Brandenburg (UKRB) of the Medical School of Brandenburg (MHB), Neuruppin, Brandenburg, Germany
| | - T Ludwig
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - J Käs
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - B Klocke
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - J Krapp
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - D Wood
- European Society of Cardiology, Sophia Antipolis, France
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trusts, London, UK
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - K Kotseva
- European Society of Cardiology, Sophia Antipolis, France
- Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trusts, London, UK
- National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - S Störk
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - P U Heuschmann
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Department of Clinical Research & Epidemiology, Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Clinical Trial Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gindlhuber J, Tomin T, Wiesenhofer F, Zacharias M, Liesinger L, Demichev V, Kratochwill K, Gorkiewicz G, Schittmayer M, Birner-Gruenberger R. Proteomic profiling of end-stage COVID-19 lung biopsies. Clin Proteomics 2022; 19:46. [PMID: 36526981 PMCID: PMC9758034 DOI: 10.1186/s12014-022-09386-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in 2019 led to a worldwide pandemic, which remains an integral part of our lives to this day. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is a flu like condition, often accompanied by high fever and respiratory distress. In some cases, conjointly with other co-morbidities, COVID-19 can become severe, leading to lung arrest and even death. Although well-known from a clinical standpoint, the mechanistic understanding of lethal COVID-19 is still rudimentary. Studying the pathology and changes on a molecular level associated with the resulting COVID-19 disease is impeded by the highly infectious nature of the virus and the concomitant sampling challenges. We were able to procure COVID-19 post-mortem lung tissue specimens by our collaboration with the BSL-3 laboratory of the Biobanking and BioMolecular resources Research Infrastructure Austria which we subjected to state-of-the-art quantitative proteomic analysis to better understand the pulmonary manifestations of lethal COVID-19. Lung tissue samples from age-matched non-COVID-19 patients who died within the same period were used as controls. Samples were subjected to parallel accumulation-serial fragmentation combined with data-independent acquisition (diaPASEF) on a timsTOF Pro and obtained raw data was processed using DIA-NN software. Here we report that terminal COVID-19 patients display an increase in inflammation, acute immune response and blood clot formation (with concomitant triggering of fibrinolysis). Furthermore, we describe that COVID-19 diseased lungs undergo severe extracellular matrix restructuring, which was corroborated on the histopathological level. However, although undergoing an injury, diseased lungs seem to have impaired proliferative and tissue repair signalling, with several key kinase-mediated signalling pathways being less active. This might provide a mechanistic link to post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC; "Long COVID"). Overall, we emphasize the importance of histopathological patient stratification when interpreting molecular COVID-19 data.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juergen Gindlhuber
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Tamara Tomin
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Wiesenhofer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Zacharias
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Laura Liesinger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Vadim Demichev
- Institute of Biochemistry, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaus Kratochwill
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Stress Research in Peritoneal Dialysis, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Pediatric Nephrology and Gastroenterology, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Comprehensive Center for Pediatrics, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Gorkiewicz
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Schittmayer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Ruth Birner-Gruenberger
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Faculty of Technical Chemistry, Technische Universität Wien, Vienna, Austria.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
van der Velden J, Asselbergs FW, Bakkers J, Batkai S, Bertrand L, Bezzina CR, Bot I, Brundel BJJM, Carrier L, Chamuleau S, Ciccarelli M, Dawson D, Davidson SM, Dendorfer A, Duncker DJ, Eschenhagen T, Fabritz L, Falcão-Pires I, Ferdinandy P, Giacca M, Girao H, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Gyongyosi M, Guzik TJ, Hamdani N, Heymans S, Hilfiker A, Hilfiker-Kleiner D, Hoekstra AG, Hulot JS, Kuster DWD, van Laake LW, Lecour S, Leiner T, Linke WA, Lumens J, Lutgens E, Madonna R, Maegdefessel L, Mayr M, van der Meer P, Passier R, Perbellini F, Perrino C, Pesce M, Priori S, Remme CA, Rosenhahn B, Schotten U, Schulz R, Sipido KR, Sluijter JPG, van Steenbeek F, Steffens S, Terracciano CM, Tocchetti CG, Vlasman P, Yeung KK, Zacchigna S, Zwaagman D, Thum T. Animal models and animal-free innovations for cardiovascular research: current status and routes to be explored. Consensus document of the ESC Working Group on Myocardial Function and the ESC Working Group on Cellular Biology of the Heart. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:3016-3051. [PMID: 34999816 PMCID: PMC9732557 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases represent a major cause of morbidity and mortality, necessitating research to improve diagnostics, and to discover and test novel preventive and curative therapies, all of which warrant experimental models that recapitulate human disease. The translation of basic science results to clinical practice is a challenging task, in particular for complex conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, which often result from multiple risk factors and comorbidities. This difficulty might lead some individuals to question the value of animal research, citing the translational 'valley of death', which largely reflects the fact that studies in rodents are difficult to translate to humans. This is also influenced by the fact that new, human-derived in vitro models can recapitulate aspects of disease processes. However, it would be a mistake to think that animal models do not represent a vital step in the translational pathway as they do provide important pathophysiological insights into disease mechanisms particularly on an organ and systemic level. While stem cell-derived human models have the potential to become key in testing toxicity and effectiveness of new drugs, we need to be realistic, and carefully validate all new human-like disease models. In this position paper, we highlight recent advances in trying to reduce the number of animals for cardiovascular research ranging from stem cell-derived models to in situ modelling of heart properties, bioinformatic models based on large datasets, and state-of-the-art animal models, which show clinically relevant characteristics observed in patients with a cardiovascular disease. We aim to provide a guide to help researchers in their experimental design to translate bench findings to clinical routine taking the replacement, reduction, and refinement (3R) as a guiding concept.
Collapse
Grants
- R01 HL150359 NHLBI NIH HHS
- RG/16/14/32397 British Heart Foundation
- FS/18/37/33642 British Heart Foundation
- PG/17/64/33205 British Heart Foundation
- PG/15/88/31780 British Heart Foundation
- FS/RTF/20/30009, NH/19/1/34595, PG/18/35/33786, CS/17/4/32960, PG/15/88/31780, and PG/17/64/33205 British Heart Foundation
- NC/T001488/1 National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research
- PG/18/44/33790 British Heart Foundation
- CH/16/3/32406 British Heart Foundation
- FS/RTF/20/30009 British Heart Foundation
- NWO-ZonMW
- ZonMW and Heart Foundation for the translational research program
- Dutch Cardiovascular Alliance (DCVA)
- Leducq Foundation
- Dutch Research Council
- Association of Collaborating Health Foundations (SGF)
- UCL Hospitals NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, and the DCVA
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative CVON
- Stichting Hartekind and the Dutch Research Counsel (NWO) (OCENW.GROOT.2019.029)
- National Fund for Scientific Research, Belgium and Action de Recherche Concertée de la Communauté Wallonie-Bruxelles, Belgium
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative CVON (PREDICT2 and CONCOR-genes projects), the Leducq Foundation
- ERA PerMed (PROCEED study)
- Netherlands Cardiovascular Research Initiative
- Dutch Heart Foundation
- German Centre of Cardiovascular Research (DZHH)
- Chest Heart and Stroke Scotland
- Tenovus Scotland
- Friends of Anchor and Grampian NHS-Endowments
- National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research
- European Research Council (ERC-AG IndivuHeart), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- European Union Horizon 2020 (REANIMA and TRAINHEART)
- German Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF)
- Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
- European Union Horizon 2020
- DFG
- National Research, Development and Innovation Office of Hungary
- Research Excellence Program—TKP; National Heart Program
- Austrian Science Fund
- European Union Commission’s Seventh Framework programme
- CVON2016-Early HFPEF
- CVON She-PREDICTS
- CVON Arena-PRIME
- European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Volkswagenstiftung
- French National Research Agency
- ERA-Net-CVD
- Fédération Française de Cardiologie, the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale
- French PIA Project
- University Research Federation against heart failure
- Netherlands Heart Foundation
- Dekker Senior Clinical Scientist
- Health Holland TKI-LSH
- TUe/UMCU/UU Alliance Fund
- south African National Foundation
- Cancer Association of South Africa and Winetech
- Netherlands Heart Foundation/Applied & Engineering Sciences
- Dutch Technology Foundation
- Pie Medical Imaging
- Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research
- Dr. Dekker Program
- Netherlands CardioVascular Research Initiative: the Dutch Heart Foundation
- Dutch Federation of University Medical Centres
- Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development and the Royal Netherlands Academy of Sciences for the GENIUS-II project
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (VICI grant); the European Research Council
- Incyte s.r.l. and from Ministero dell’Istruzione, Università e Ricerca Scientifica
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (Junior Research Group & Translational Research Project), the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant NORVAS),
- Swedish Heart-Lung-Foundation
- Swedish Research Council
- National Institutes of Health
- Bavarian State Ministry of Health and Care through the research project DigiMed Bayern
- ERC
- ERA-CVD
- Dutch Heart Foundation, ZonMw
- the NWO Gravitation project
- Ministero dell'Istruzione, Università e Ricerca Scientifica
- Regione Lombardia
- Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development
- ITN Network Personalize AF: Personalized Therapies for Atrial Fibrillation: a translational network
- MAESTRIA: Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Early Detection Stroke Atrial Fibrillation
- REPAIR: Restoring cardiac mechanical function by polymeric artificial muscular tissue
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)
- European Union H2020 program to the project TECHNOBEAT
- EVICARE
- BRAV3
- ZonMw
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK)
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiac Regeneration
- British Heart Foundation studentship
- NC3Rs
- Interreg ITA-AUS project InCARDIO
- Italian Association for Cancer Research
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanda van der Velden
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert W Asselbergs
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jeroen Bakkers
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandor Batkai
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Luc Bertrand
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Connie R Bezzina
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ilze Bot
- Heart Center, Department of Experimental Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC, Location Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lucie Carrier
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Steven Chamuleau
- Amsterdam UMC, Heart Center, Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michele Ciccarelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Odontology, University of Salerno, Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Dana Dawson
- Department of Cardiology, Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary and University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, 67 Chenies Mews, London WC1E 6HX, UK
| | - Andreas Dendorfer
- Walter-Brendel-Centre of Experimental Medicine, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
| | - Dirk J Duncker
- Division of Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, Thoraxcenter, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Larissa Fabritz
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Partner Site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
- University Center of Cardiovascular Sciences and Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Germany and Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- UnIC - Cardiovascular Research and Development Centre, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Cardiometabolic Research Group and MTA-SE System Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Henrique Girao
- Univ Coimbra, Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Mariann Gyongyosi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Instutute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Poland
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Division Cardiology, Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
- Institute of Physiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andres Hilfiker
- Department for Cardiothoracic, Transplant, and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Denise Hilfiker-Kleiner
- Department for Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
- Department of Cardiovascular Complications in Pregnancy and in Oncologic Therapies, Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Germany
| | - Alfons G Hoekstra
- Computational Science Lab, Informatics Institute, Faculty of Science, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Sébastien Hulot
- Université de Paris, INSERM, PARCC, F-75015 Paris, France
- CIC1418 and DMU CARTE, AP-HP, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, F-75015 Paris, France
| | - Diederik W D Kuster
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Linda W van Laake
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Department of Medicine, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa and Cape Heart Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Tim Leiner
- Department of Radiology, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Wolfgang A Linke
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Muenster, Robert-Koch-Str. 27B, 48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - Joost Lumens
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Esther Lutgens
- Experimental Vascular Biology Division, Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Department of Pathology, Cardiology Division, University of Pisa, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology Division, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lars Maegdefessel
- DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Department for Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Manuel Mayr
- King’s British Heart Foundation Centre, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Peter van der Meer
- Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Robert Passier
- Department of Applied Stem Cell Technologies, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Filippo Perbellini
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Priori
- Molecular Cardiology, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Pavia, Italy
- University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Carol Ann Remme
- Université catholique de Louvain, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique, Pole of Cardiovascular Research, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bodo Rosenhahn
- Institute for information Processing, Leibniz University of Hanover, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Ulrich Schotten
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Karin R Sipido
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Cardiology, Regenerative Medicine Center Utrecht, Circulatory Health Laboratory, Utrecht University, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank van Steenbeek
- Division Heart & Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Munich, Germany
- DZHK, Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Carlo Gabriele Tocchetti
- Cardio-Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Center for Basic and Clinical Immunology Research (CISI), Interdepartmental Center for Clinical and Translational Research (CIRCET), Interdepartmental Hypertension Research Center (CIRIAPA), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Patricia Vlasman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Physiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kak Khee Yeung
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Surgery, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences and Cardiovascular Department, Centre for Translational Cardiology, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- International Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Dayenne Zwaagman
- Amsterdam UMC, Heart Center, Cardiology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Science, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Thum
- Hannover Medical School, Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies, Hannover, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Individuals with diabetes face higher risks for macro- and microvascular complications than their non-diabetic counterparts. The concept of precision medicine in diabetes aims to optimise treatment decisions for individual patients to reduce the risk of major diabetic complications, including cardiovascular outcomes, retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy and overall mortality. In this context, prognostic models can be used to estimate an individual's risk for relevant complications based on individual risk profiles. This review aims to place the concept of prediction modelling into the context of precision prognostics. As opposed to identification of diabetes subsets, the development of prediction models, including the selection of predictors based on their longitudinal association with the outcome of interest and their discriminatory ability, allows estimation of an individual's absolute risk of complications. As a consequence, such models provide information about potential patient subgroups and their treatment needs. This review provides insight into the methodological issues specifically related to the development and validation of prediction models for diabetes complications. We summarise existing prediction models for macro- and microvascular complications, commonly included predictors, and examples of available validation studies. The review also discusses the potential of non-classical risk markers and omics-based predictors. Finally, it gives insight into the requirements and challenges related to the clinical applications and implementation of developed predictions models to optimise medical decision making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Schiborn
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany.
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Schreiber A, Viemann D, Schöning J, Schloer S, Mecate Zambrano A, Brunotte L, Faist A, Schöfbänker M, Hrincius E, Hoffmann H, Hoffmann M, Pöhlmann S, Rescher U, Planz O, Ludwig S. The MEK1/2-inhibitor ATR-002 efficiently blocks SARS-CoV-2 propagation and alleviates pro-inflammatory cytokine/chemokine responses. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:65. [PMID: 35013790 PMCID: PMC8747446 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04085-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the illness caused by a novel coronavirus now called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has led to more than 260 million confirmed infections and 5 million deaths to date. While vaccination is a powerful tool to control pandemic spread, medication to relieve COVID-19-associated symptoms and alleviate disease progression especially in high-risk patients is still lacking. In this study, we explore the suitability of the rapid accelerated fibrosarcoma/mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Raf/MEK/ERK) pathway as a druggable target in the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. We find that SARS-CoV-2 transiently activates Raf/MEK/ERK signaling in the very early infection phase and that ERK1/2 knockdown limits virus replication in cell culture models. We demonstrate that ATR-002, a specific inhibitor of the upstream MEK1/2 kinases which is currently evaluated in clinical trials as an anti-influenza drug, displays strong anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in cell lines as well as in primary air-liquid-interphase epithelial cell (ALI) cultures, with a safe and selective treatment window. We also observe that ATR-002 treatment impairs the SARS-CoV-2-induced expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and thus might prevent COVID-19-associated hyperinflammation, a key player in COVID-19 progression. Thus, our data suggest that the Raf/MEK/ERK signaling cascade may represent a target for therapeutic intervention strategies against SARS-CoV-2 infections and that ATR-002 is a promising candidate for further drug evaluation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- André Schreiber
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Dorothee Viemann
- Translational Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Center for Infection Research, University Wuerzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESIST (EXC 2155, Hannover Medical School, 30625, Hannover, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Jennifer Schöning
- Translational Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Wuerzburg, 97080, Würzburg, Bavaria, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schloer
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Angeles Mecate Zambrano
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Linda Brunotte
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Aileen Faist
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- CiM-IMPRS Graduate School, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Michael Schöfbänker
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Eike Hrincius
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Helen Hoffmann
- Atriva Therapeutics GmbH, 72072, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University, 72074, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Markus Hoffmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University Goettingen, 37077, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Stefan Pöhlmann
- Infection Biology Unit, German Primate Center - Leibniz Institute for Primate Research, Göttingen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Psychology, University Goettingen, 37077, Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany
| | - Ursula Rescher
- Research Group Regulatory Mechanisms of Inflammation, Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF), Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany
| | - Oliver Planz
- Atriva Therapeutics GmbH, 72072, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Eberhard Karls University, 72074, Tübingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Stephan Ludwig
- Institute of Virology (IVM), Centre for Molecular Biology of Inflammation, University of Muenster, Von-Esmarch-Straße 56, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
- Interdisciplinary Center of Clinical Research (IZKF), Medical Faculty, University of Muenster, 48149, Münster, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Al Maiman SA, Albadr NA, Almusallam IA, Al-Saád MJ, Alsuliam S, Osman MA, Hassan AB. The Potential of Exploiting Economical Solar Dryer in Food Preservation: Storability, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Capacity of Solar-Dried Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum) Fruits. Foods 2021; 10:734. [PMID: 33808341 PMCID: PMC8066840 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of solar drying on storability and physiochemical and antioxidant capacities of dried tomatoes. Sliced fruit was dried at 45 ± 2 °C for 24 h under a solar tunnel dryer and stored at ambient temperature for 90 and 180 days. Solar drying treatments significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the bacterial and mold load, and eliminated Staphylococcus aureus, S. saprophyticus, and Escherichia coli in all samples. Solar drying treatment reduced the water activity of the dried tomato's to 0.31 that remained at the same level during storage period 180 days. Storage of dried tomato slices resulted in the decrease of both color and vitamin C content while it increased the total carotenoid, lycopene, phenolic compound content, and antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the principle component analysis (PCA) revealed that solar drying of tomato slices enhanced its physicochemical properties, antioxidant capacity particularly after storage for 90 and 180 days. Interestingly, the solar drying process enhanced tomato slices storage and physicochemical characteristics, that resulted in extending the shelf life by up to 6 months, indicating the great potential application of low-tech solar in food industry and could become an emerging effective post-harvest preservative method for seasonal perishable vegetable and fruit, particularly in developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salah A. Al Maiman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.M.); (N.A.A.); (S.A.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Nawal A. Albadr
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.M.); (N.A.A.); (S.A.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Ibrahim A. Almusallam
- Date and Palm Center, Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture, P.O. Box 43, Alhufuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | | | - Sarah Alsuliam
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.M.); (N.A.A.); (S.A.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Magdi A. Osman
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.M.); (N.A.A.); (S.A.); (M.A.O.)
| | - Amro B. Hassan
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.A.M.); (N.A.A.); (S.A.); (M.A.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shargaieva O, Kuske L, Rappich J, Unger E, Nickel NH. Building Blocks of Hybrid Perovskites: A Photoluminescence Study of Lead-Iodide Solution Species. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:2327-2333. [PMID: 32786129 PMCID: PMC7702157 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202000479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we present a detailed investigation of the optical properties of hybrid perovskite building blocks, [PbI2+n ]n- , that form in solutions of CH3 NH3 PbI3 and PbI2 . The absorbance, photoluminescence (PL) and photoluminescence excitation (PLE) spectra of CH3 NH3 PbI3 and PbI2 solutions were measured in various solvents and a broad concentration range. Both CH3 NH3 PbI3 and PbI2 solutions exhibit absorption features attributed to [PbI3 ]1- and [PbI4 ]2- complexes. Therefore, we propose a new mechanism for the formation of polymeric polyiodide plumbates in solutions of pristine PbI2 . For the first time, we show that the [PbI2+n ]n- species in both solutions of CH3 NH3 PbI3 and PbI2 exhibit a photoluminescence peak at about 760 nm. Our findings prove that the spectroscopic properties of both CH3 NH3 PbI3 and PbI2 solutions are dominated by coordination complexes between Pb2+ and I- . Finally, the impact of these complexes on the properties of solid-state perovskite semiconductors is discussed in terms of defect formation and defect tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandra Shargaieva
- Young Investigator Group „Hybrid Materials Formation and Scaling“Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHKekuléstr. 512489BerlinGermany
| | - Lena Kuske
- Interdisziplinäres Zentrum für MaterialwissenschaftenMartin-Luther UniversitätHeinrich-Damerow-Str. 406120HalleGermany
| | - Jörg Rappich
- Institute Silicon PhotovoltaicsHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHKekuléstr. 512489BerlinGermany
| | - Eva Unger
- Young Investigator Group „Hybrid Materials Formation and Scaling“Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHKekuléstr. 512489BerlinGermany
| | - Norbert H. Nickel
- Institute Silicon PhotovoltaicsHelmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbHKekuléstr. 512489BerlinGermany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Janke M, Kuschke T, Mäder P. A definition-by-example approach and visual language for activity patterns in engineering disciplines. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0226877. [PMID: 31923182 PMCID: PMC6953802 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Modeling tools are well established in software development. A model is the result of a series of modeling activities. The ability to recognize when a user is working on a certain modeling activity opens up a range of possibilities for context-sensitive support. One possible way to support the user is offering the auto-completion of the current task. The recognition of modeling activities is typically carried out by matching event patterns against events emitted by a user’s editing operations. A user that intends to add or customize auto-completions must be able to easily understand and create activity definitions. However, defining the currently required complex event patterns is a challenging and error-prone task even for a person with an intensive knowledge of event-processing languages. In this paper, we propose the visual definition language VisPaRec accompanied by a method that allows creating activity definitions in a semi-automated and graphical way. We evaluate our visual definition language in a comparative user study against the generic event-processing language Rapide. We found that the proposed visual representation increases comprehensibility while reducing time for constructing and modifying activity definitions significantly.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mario Janke
- Software Engineering for Safety-critical Systems Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
- * E-mail: (MJ); (PM)
| | - Tobias Kuschke
- Software Engineering for Safety-critical Systems Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
| | - Patrick Mäder
- Software Engineering for Safety-critical Systems Group, Technische Universität Ilmenau, Ilmenau, Germany
- * E-mail: (MJ); (PM)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Brown SB, Gleason AE, Galtier E, Higginbotham A, Arnold B, Fry A, Granados E, Hashim A, Schroer CG, Schropp A, Seiboth F, Tavella F, Xing Z, Mao W, Lee HJ, Nagler B. Direct imaging of ultrafast lattice dynamics. Sci Adv 2019; 5:eaau8044. [PMID: 30873430 PMCID: PMC6408150 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aau8044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Under rapid high-temperature, high-pressure loading, lattices exhibit complex elastic-inelastic responses. The dynamics of these responses are challenging to measure experimentally because of high sample density and extremely small relevant spatial and temporal scales. Here, we use an x-ray free-electron laser providing simultaneous in situ direct imaging and x-ray diffraction to spatially resolve lattice dynamics of silicon under high-strain rate conditions. We present the first imaging of a new intermediate elastic feature modulating compression along the axis of applied stress, and we identify the structure, compression, and density behind each observed wave. The ultrafast probe x-rays enabled time-resolved characterization of the intermediate elastic feature, which is leveraged to constrain kinetic inhibition of the phase transformation between 2 and 4 ns. These results not only address long-standing questions about the response of silicon under extreme environments but also demonstrate the potential for ultrafast direct measurements to illuminate new lattice dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Brennan Brown
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Building 530, 440 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - A. E. Gleason
- Shock and Detonation Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, P.O. Box 1663, Los Alamos, NM 87545, USA
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - E. Galtier
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. Higginbotham
- York Plasma Institute, Department of Physics, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - B. Arnold
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. Fry
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - E. Granados
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - A. Hashim
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C. G. Schroer
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- Department Physik, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - A. Schropp
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - F. Seiboth
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Photon Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - F. Tavella
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Z. Xing
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - W. Mao
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Department of Geological Sciences, Stanford University, 367 Panama St., Stanford, CA 94305-2220, USA
| | - H. J. Lee
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - B. Nagler
- Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, 2575 Sand Hill Rd., Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Schneider MP, Hilgers KF, Schmid M, Hübner S, Nadal J, Seitz D, Busch M, Haller H, Köttgen A, Kronenberg F, Baid-Agrawal S, Schlieper G, Schultheiss U, Sitter T, Sommerer C, Titze S, Meiselbach H, Wanner C, Eckardt KU. Blood pressure control in chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional analysis from the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202604. [PMID: 30125326 PMCID: PMC6101389 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We assessed the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in patients with moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) under nephrological care in Germany. In the German Chronic Kidney Disease (GCKD) study, 5217 patients under nephrology specialist care were enrolled from 2010 to 2012 in a prospective observational cohort study. Inclusion criteria were an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30-60 mL/min/1.73 m2 or overt proteinuria in the presence of an eGFR>60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Office blood pressure was measured by trained study personnel in a standardized way and hypertension awareness and medication were assessed during standardized interviews. Blood pressure was considered as controlled if systolic < 140 and diastolic < 90 mmHg. In 5183 patients in whom measurements were available, mean blood pressure was 139.5 ± 20.4 / 79.3 ± 11.8 mmHg; 4985 (96.2%) of the patients were hypertensive. Awareness and treatment rates were > 90%. However, only 2456 (49.3%) of the hypertensive patients had controlled blood pressure. About half (51.0%) of the patients with uncontrolled blood pressure met criteria for resistant hypertension. Factors associated with better odds for controlled blood pressure in multivariate analyses included younger age, female sex, higher income, low or absent proteinuria, and use of certain classes of antihypertensive medication. We conclude that blood pressure control of CKD patients remains challenging even in the setting of nephrology specialist care, despite high rates of awareness and medication use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Markus P. Schneider
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Klinikum Nürnberg, Paracelsus Private Medical University, Nürnberg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Karl F. Hilgers
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Schmid
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Silvia Hübner
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jennifer Nadal
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics, and Epidemiology (IMBIE), University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - David Seitz
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Martin Busch
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena, Germany
| | - Hermann Haller
- Division of Nephrology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna Köttgen
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Florian Kronenberg
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Seema Baid-Agrawal
- Department of Nephrology and Medical Intensive Care, Charité –Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Georg Schlieper
- Department of Nephrology and Clinical Immunology, RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Ulla Schultheiss
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Institute for Biometry and Statistics, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Nephrology, University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center—University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Sitter
- Department of Nephrology, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Claudia Sommerer
- Department of Nephrology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stephanie Titze
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Heike Meiselbach
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christoph Wanner
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kai-Uwe Eckardt
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Division of Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Medical Genetics, Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Loomba V, Huber G, von Lieres E. Single-cell computational analysis of light harvesting in a flat-panel photo-bioreactor. Biotechnol Biofuels 2018; 11:149. [PMID: 29849766 PMCID: PMC5970501 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Flat-panel photo-bioreactors (PBRs) are customarily applied for investigating growth of microalgae. Optimal design and operation of such reactors is still a challenge due to complex non-linear combinations of various impact factors, particularly hydrodynamics, light irradiation, and cell metabolism. A detailed analysis of single-cell light reception can lead to novel insights into the complex interactions of light exposure and algae movement in the reactor. RESULTS The combined impacts of hydrodynamics and light irradiation on algae cultivation in a flat-panel PBR were studied by tracing the light exposure of individual cells over time. Hydrodynamics and turbulent mixing in this air-sparged bioreactor were simulated using the Eulerian approach for the liquid phase and a slip model for the gas phase velocity profiles. The liquid velocity was then used for tracing single cells and their light exposure, using light intensity profiles obtained from solving the radiative transfer equation at different wavelengths. The residence times of algae cells in defined dark and light zones of the PBR were statistically analyzed for different algal concentrations and sparging rates. The results indicate poor mixing caused by the reactor design which can be only partially improved by increased sparging rates. CONCLUSIONS The results provide important information for optimizing algal biomass productivity by improving bioreactor design and operation and can further be utilized for an in-depth analysis of algal growth by using advanced models of cell metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Varun Loomba
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Gregor Huber
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| | - Eric von Lieres
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-1: Biotechnology, Wilhelm-Johnen-Straße, 52428 Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Diederichs C, Neuhauser H, Rücker V, Busch MA, Keil U, Fitzgerald AP, Heuschmann PU. Predicted 10-year risk of cardiovascular mortality in the 40 to 69 year old general population without cardiovascular diseases in Germany. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190441. [PMID: 29293619 PMCID: PMC5749805 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To estimate the 10-year risk of fatal cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the 40 to 69 year old general population in Germany stratified by sex and to analyze differences between socio-economic status (SES), region and community size in individuals without CVD. The analysis is based on the newly recalibrated SCORE Deutschland risk charts and considered other comorbidities for the classification of the high CVD risk group according to the guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology. METHODS AND RESULTS In 3,498 participants (40-69 years) from the German Health Examination Survey for Adults 2008-2011 (DEGS1) without a history of CVD (myocardial infarction, coronary heart disease, heart failure, stroke) we estimated the proportion with a low (SCORE <1%), moderate (SCORE 1-<5%) and high 10-year CVD mortality risk (SCORE ≥5% or diabetes, renal insufficiency, SBP/DPB ≥180/110 mmHg or cholesterol >8 mmol/l). The prevalence of low, moderate and high risk was 42.8%, 38.5% and 18.8% in men and 73.7%, 18.1% and 8.2% in women. The prevalence of high risk was significantly lower in women with a high compared to a low SES (3.3% vs. 11.2%) and in communities with ≥100.000 inhabitants compared to <20.000 inhabitants (5.4% vs.10.9%). There were no significant associations between predicted CVD mortality risk and SES or community size in men and regions in men and women. Among the high risk group, 58.2% of men and 9.8% of women had SCORE ≥5%, leaving the majority of women (60.1%) classified as high risks due to diabetes and SCORE <5%. CONCLUSION Our results suggest the persistence of socioeconomic disparities in predicted cardiovascular mortality in women and support the need of large-scale prevention efforts beyond individual lifestyle modification or treatment. Furthermore, the importance of additional comorbidities for the high risk group classification is highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Diederichs
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Hannelore Neuhauser
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Viktoria Rücker
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus A. Busch
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Monitoring, Robert Koch Institute Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ulrich Keil
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Anthony P. Fitzgerald
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Statistics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Peter U. Heuschmann
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Biometry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Clinical Trial Center, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prandi S, Voigt A, Meyerhof W, Behrens M. Expression profiling of Tas2r genes reveals a complex pattern along the mouse GI tract and the presence of Tas2r131 in a subset of intestinal Paneth cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2018; 75:49-65. [PMID: 28801754 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2621-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The chemical variability of the intestinal lumen requires the presence of molecular receptors detecting the various substances naturally occurring in the diet and as a result of the activity of the microbiota. Despite their early discovery, intestinal bitter taste receptors (Tas2r) have not yet been assigned an unambiguous physiological function. Recently, using a CRE-recombinant approach we showed that the Tas2r131 gene is expressed in a subset of mucin-producing goblet cells in the colon of mice. Moreover, we also demonstrated that the expression of the Tas2r131 locus is not restricted to this region. In the present study we aimed at characterizing the presence of positive cells also in other gastrointestinal regions. Our results show that Tas2r131+ cells appear in the jejunum and the ileum, and are absent from the stomach and the duodenum. We identified the positive cells as a subpopulation of deep-crypt Paneth cells in the ileum, strengthening the notion of a defensive role for Tas2rs in the gut. To get a broader perspective on the expression of bitter taste receptors in the alimentary canal, we quantified the expression of all 35 Tas2r genes along the gastrointestinal tract by qRT-PCR. We discovered that the number and expression level of Tas2r genes profoundly vary along the alimentary canal, with the stomach and the colon expressing the largest subsets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simone Prandi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute for Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Anja Voigt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute for Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Meyerhof
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute for Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Maik Behrens
- Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute for Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Biermann D, Eder A, Arndt F, Seoudy H, Reichenspurner H, Mir T, Riso A, Kozlik-Feldmann R, Peldschus K, Kaul MG, Schuler T, Krasemann S, Hansen A, Eschenhagen T, Sachweh JS. Towards a Tissue-Engineered Contractile Fontan-Conduit: The Fate of Cardiac Myocytes in the Subpulmonary Circulation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166963. [PMID: 27875570 PMCID: PMC5119816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The long-term outcome of patients with single ventricles improved over time, but remains poor compared to other congenital heart lesions with biventricular circulation. Main cause for this unfavourable outcome is the unphysiological hemodynamic of the Fontan circulation, such as subnormal systemic cardiac output and increased systemic-venous pressure. To overcome this limitation, we are developing the concept of a contractile extracardiac Fontan-tunnel. In this study, we evaluated the survival and structural development of a tissue-engineered conduit under in vivo conditions. Engineered heart tissue was generated from ventricular heart cells of neonatal Wistar rats, fibrinogen and thrombin. Engineered heart tissues started beating around day 8 in vitro and remained contractile in vivo throughout the experiment. After culture for 14 days constructs were implanted around the right superior vena cava of Wistar rats (n = 12). Animals were euthanized after 7, 14, 28 and 56 days postoperatively. Hematoxylin and eosin staining showed cardiomyocytes arranged in thick bundles within the engineered heart tissue-conduit. Immunostaining of sarcomeric actin, alpha-actin and connexin 43 revealed a well -developed cardiac myocyte structure. Magnetic resonance imaging (d14, n = 3) revealed no constriction or stenosis of the superior vena cava by the constructs. Engineered heart tissues survive and contract for extended periods after implantation around the superior vena cava of rats. Generation of larger constructs is warranted to evaluate functional benefits of a contractile Fontan-conduit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Biermann
- Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Alexandra Eder
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Arndt
- Department for Paediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hatim Seoudy
- Department for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hermann Reichenspurner
- Department for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Mir
- Department for Paediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arlindo Riso
- Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Rainer Kozlik-Feldmann
- Department for Paediatric Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kersten Peldschus
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael G. Kaul
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tillman Schuler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Krasemann
- Institute of Neuropathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Arne Hansen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Eschenhagen
- Department of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Kiel/Lübeck, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg S. Sachweh
- Cardiac Surgery for Congenital Heart Disease, University Heart Center Hamburg, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|