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Kumar P, Verma A, Yadav P, Das J, Kumar L, Krishnamurthi S. Phylogenomic evaluation of Mangrovimicrobium sediminis gen. nov. sp. nov., the first nitrogen fixing member of the family Halieaceae adapted to mangrove habitat and reclassification of Halioglobus pacificus to Pseudohaliglobus pacificus comb. nov. Sci Total Environ 2024; 933:172995. [PMID: 38719044 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
The taxonomic position and genomic characteristics of a nitrogen fixing and polymer degrading marine bacterium, strain SAOS 164 isolated from a mangrove sediment sample was investigated. Sequence analysis based on 16S rRNA gene identified it as a member of family Halieaceae with closest similarity to Haliea salexigens DSM 19537T (96.3 %), H. alexandrii LZ-16-2T (96.2 %) and Parahaliea maris HSLHS9T (96.0 %) but was distantly related to the genera Haliea, Parahaliea and Halioglobus in phylogenetic trees. In order to ascertain the exact taxonomic position, phylogeny based on RpoBC proteins, whole genome, core and orthologous genes, and comparative analysis of metabolic potential retrieved the strain in an independent lineage clustering along with the genera Halioglobus, Pseudohalioglobus and Seongchinamella. Further, various genome based delimitation parameters represented by mol % GC content, percentage of conserved proteins (POCP), and amino acid identity (AAI) along with chemotaxonomic markers (i.e. fatty acids and polar lipids) supported the inferences of genome based phylogeny and indicated that the strain SAOS 164 belongs to a novel genus. The genome was mapped to 4.8 Mb in size with 65.1 % DNA mol% G + C content. In-silico genomic investigation and phenotyping revealed diverse metabolite genes/pathways related to polymer hydrolysis, nitrogen fixation, light induced growth, carbohydrate, sulfur, phosphorus and amino acid metabolism, virulence factors, defense mechanism, and stress-responsive elements facilitating survival in the mangrove habitat. Based on polyphasic taxonomic approach including genome analyses, a novel genus Mangrovimicrobium sediminis gen. nov. sp. nov. (=SAOS 164T = MTCC 12907T = KCTC 52755T = JCM 32136T) is proposed. Additionally, the reclassification of Halioglobus pacificus (=DSM 27932T = KCTC 23430T = S1-72T) to Pseudhalioglobus pacificus comb. nov. is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Kumar
- Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Ashish Verma
- Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India; Department of Ecology and Environmental Science, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Umeå Marine Sciences Centre, Hörnefors, Sweden
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Joyasree Das
- Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Lalit Kumar
- Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Srinivasan Krishnamurthi
- Microbial Type Culture Collection & Gene Bank (MTCC), CSIR- Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector-39A, Chandigarh 160036, India.
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Carbone GA, Michel CM, Farina B, Adenzato M, Ardito RB, Imperatori C, Artoni F. Altered EEG Patterns in Individuals with Disorganized Attachment: An EEG Microstates Study. Brain Topogr 2024; 37:420-431. [PMID: 38416284 DOI: 10.1007/s10548-024-01038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Over the past years, different studies provided preliminary evidence that Disorganized Attachment (DA) may have dysregulatory and disintegrative effects on both autonomic arousal regulation and brain connectivity. However, despite the clinical relevance of this construct, few studies have investigated the specific alterations underlying DA using electroencephalography (EEG). Thus, the main aim of the current study was to investigate EEG microstate parameters of DA in a non-clinical sample (N = 50) before (pre) and after (post) the administration of the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). Two EEG eyes-closed Resting State (RS) recordings were performed before and after the AAI, which was used for classifying the participants [i.e., Disorganized/Unresolved (D/U) or Organized/Resolved (O/R) individuals] and to trigger the attachment system. Microstates parameters (i.e., Mean Duration, Time Coverage and Occurrence) were extracted from each recording using Cartool software. EEG microstates clustering analysis revealed 6 different maps (labeled A, B, C, D, E, F) in both groups (i.e., D/U and O/R individuals) and in both conditions (i.e., pre-AAI and post-AAI). In the pre-AAI condition, compared to O/R individuals, D/U participants showed a shorter Mean Duration and Time Coverage of Map F; in the post-AAI condition, a significant reduction in the Mean Duration of Map E was also observed in D/U individuals. Finally, in the "within" statistical analysis (i.e., pre-AAI vs. post-AAI), only the D/U group exhibited a significant increase in Time Coverage of Map F after the AAI. Since these maps are associated with brain networks involved in emotional information processing and mentalization (i.e., Salience Network and Default Mode Network), our result might reflect the deficit in the ability to mentalize caregiver's interaction as well as the increased sensitivity to attachment-related stimuli typically observed in individuals with a D/U state of mind.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph M Michel
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, Geneva, Switzerland
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Benedetto Farina
- Experimental and Applied Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Mauro Adenzato
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Rita B Ardito
- Department of Psychology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Claudio Imperatori
- Experimental and Applied Psychology Laboratory, Department of Human Sciences, European University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Fiorenzo Artoni
- Functional Brain Mapping Laboratory, Department of Basic Neurosciences, University of Geneva, Campus Biotech, Geneva, Switzerland
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Donovan P, O'Connor P. The confidence and competence of primary school staff to administer an adrenaline auto-injector. Eur J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s00431-024-05562-y. [PMID: 38609653 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-024-05562-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
School teachers are often inadequately prepared to use an adrenaline auto-injector (AAI), resulting in potentially dangerous treatment delays. The purpose of this study was to assess the observed competence, and self-reported confidence, of primary school teachers in the Republic of Ireland (RoI) to use an AAI. An evaluation of whether there was a link between confidence and competence was also assessed. Teachers from four primary schools in the RoI completed a questionnaire to assess their prior level of experience, training, and confidence levels with AAI administration. The four steps in administrating trainer AAI to a mannequin simulator were then assessed. A total of 61 teachers participated (out of a population of 80). The mean self-reported confidence was 1.82 out of 5 (SD = 0.96). There was no significant difference in confidence between trained and untrained participants (U = 240.5, NS). Participants who had received AAI administration training performed significantly more of the steps correctly (mean = 3.85, SD = 0.95) as compared to those who had received no training (mean = 2.97, SD = 1.10; U = 180.5, p = 0.008). There was no correlation between confidence in administrating AAI and the percentage of steps in the procedure performed correctly (rho = -0.17, NS). Conclusion: Improvements in readiness to administer AAIs can be achieved through the application of more effective approaches to teaching clinical skills, changes to school policies and practices, and consideration of the design of AAIs in order to make their operation safer and simpler. It is important that teachers have the confidence and competence to safely administer an AAI. What is Known: • Poor ability in adrenaline auto-injector use seen across population groups-healthcare professionals, patients, carers, and school staff • Training in the use of adrenaline auto-injectors has positive impact on competency What is New: • Irish school teachers show poor levels of competency in adrenaline auto-injector use • No observed correlation between reported confidence and competency.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Donovan
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - P O'Connor
- School of Medicine, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
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Suba-Bokodi É, Nagy I, Molnár M. The Impact of Transportation on the Cortisol Level of Dwarf Rabbits Bred to Animal-Assisted Interventions. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:664. [PMID: 38473049 DOI: 10.3390/ani14050664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: the popularity of rabbits has increased during the last decade and become the third most common companion animal in the EU. Rabbits' participation in Animal-Assisted Interventions (AAIs) is growing. It is highly important to ensure the well-being of the animals in AAIs. Whereas the needs and the advantages of people involved in AAI are becoming more and more evident, the needs of animals are not clearly defined, therefore, it is a great field of inquiry. Animals who are used for AAI need to be transported regularly, which itself might be a source of stress. (2) Methods: the stress of rabbits-caused by transportation-was measured in a non-invasive way: cortisol levels were determined from feces, based on their breakdown products. Eighteen animals were involved in the study. Rabbits experienced a 30 min transportation every second day for two weeks (altogether six times) while 126 samples were collected. (3) Results: rabbits could handle the transportation procedure the first time but subsequently the stress hormone metabolites in feces samples increased regardless of the offered treatments (hay, carrot and apple) during the carriage. (4) Conclusions: those owners who use rabbits for Animal-Assisted Interventions need to take into account that transportation itself is a stressful experience for the animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Suba-Bokodi
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 40. Guba S. u., 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - István Nagy
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 40. Guba S. u., 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
| | - Marcell Molnár
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Kaposvár Campus, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, 40. Guba S. u., 7400 Kaposvár, Hungary
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Velayuthan R, Sukumar SK, Bootla D, Balaguru S, Anantharaj A, Satheesh S, Selvaraj RJ. Pacing mode survival in patients with single chamber atrial pacemaker for sinus node dysfunction. Indian Heart J 2024; 76:27-30. [PMID: 38070672 PMCID: PMC10943561 DOI: 10.1016/j.ihj.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Single chamber atrial pacemaker should be sufficient for patients with sinus node dysfunction (SND) with normal atrioventricular (AV) conduction. However, most patients undergo dual chamber pacemaker implantation because of concern of new onset AV block. The annual incidence of new AV block has been reported from 0.6 to 4.4 % in various studies. OBJECTIVES Our aim is to assess mode survival in sinus node dysfunction with normal AV conduction patients implanted with AAIR. METHODS Patients who underwent single chamber atrial pacemaker implantation for SND with normal AV conduction between January 2014 and December 2021 were followed up for pacemaker device change, new onset AV block, bundle branch block, atrial fibrillation (AF), lead complications, reoperation and mortality rate. RESULTS A total of 113 patients underwent single chamber atrial pacemaker implantation for SND during the study period. Mean age was 55.6 ± 12.7 years. During a mean follow up of 48.7 ± 24.9 months, none of the patients required pacemaker device change to VVIR/DDDR. Nine patients underwent reoperation, 5 for lead dislodgment, 1 for high threshold, 1 for pocket site erosion and 3 for pulse generator change. None developed AV block or AF with slow ventricular rate. Only 4 patients developed AF (3 paroxysmal,1 permanent). There were 3 deaths during follow up and none were sudden deaths. CONCLUSION Single chamber atrial pacing is an acceptable mode of pacing in patients with SND in developing countries. Development of AV conduction abnormalities is rare in this relatively younger population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan Velayuthan
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Suresh Kumar Sukumar
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Dinakar Bootla
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Sridhar Balaguru
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Avinash Anantharaj
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Santhosh Satheesh
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India
| | - Raja J Selvaraj
- Department of Cardiology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
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Bouznada K, Belaouni HA, Meklat A. Genome-based reclassification of Kitasatospora niigatensis as a later heterotypic synonym of Kitasatospora cineracea Tajima et al. (2001). Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2023; 116:1327-1335. [PMID: 37804413 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-023-01884-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023]
Abstract
The present study used genome-based approaches to investigate the taxonomic relationship between Kitasatospora cineracea DSM 44780T and Kitasatospora niigatensis DSM 44781T, two species that were previously described by Tajima et al. (Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:1765-1771, 2001). The digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH), average amino acid identity (AAI), and average nucleotide identity (ANI) values between the genomes of the two type strains were 90.3, 98.7, and 99.1%, respectively. These values exceeded the established thresholds of 70% (dDDH) and 95-96% (ANI and AAI) for bacterial species delineation, suggesting that K. cineracea and K. niigatensis should share the same taxonomic position. Furthermore, our analysis using the 'Bacterial Pan Genome Analysis' (BPGA) pipeline and the Maximum Likelihood core-genes tree inferred using FastTree2 consistently demonstrated that K. cineracea DSM 44780T and K. niigatensis DSM 44781T are closely related, as indicated by the clustering of these strains in the core-genes phylogenomic tree. Based on these findings, we propose that K. niigatensis should be considered a later heterotypic synonym of K. cineracea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaoula Bouznada
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Kouba, Algiers, Algeria.
| | - Hadj Ahmed Belaouni
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Atika Meklat
- Laboratoire de Biologie des Systèmes Microbiens (LBSM), Ecole Normale Supérieure Cheikh Mohamed El Bachir El Ibrahimi, BP 92, Kouba, Algiers, Algeria
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Rodrigues Jardim B, Tran-Nguyen LTT, Gambley C, Al-Sadi AM, Al-Subhi AM, Foissac X, Salar P, Cai H, Yang JY, Davis R, Jones L, Rodoni B, Constable FE. The observation of taxonomic boundaries for the 16SrII and 16SrXXV phytoplasmas using genome-based delimitation. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37486824 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Within the 16SrII phytoplasma group, subgroups A-X have been classified based on restriction fragment length polymorphism of their 16S rRNA gene, and two species have been described, namely 'Candidatus Phytoplasma aurantifolia' and 'Ca. Phytoplasma australasia'. Strains of 16SrII phytoplasmas are detected across a broad geographic range within Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe and North and South America. Historically, all members of the 16SrII group share ≥97.5 % nucleotide sequence identity of their 16S rRNA gene. In this study, we used whole genome sequences to identify the species boundaries within the 16SrII group. Whole genome analyses were done using 42 phytoplasma strains classified into seven 16SrII subgroups, five 16SrII taxa without official 16Sr subgroup classifications, and one 16SrXXV-A phytoplasma strain used as an outgroup taxon. Based on phylogenomic analyses as well as whole genome average nucleotide and average amino acid identity (ANI and AAI), eight distinct 16SrII taxa equivalent to species were identified, six of which are novel descriptions. Strains within the same species had ANI and AAI values of >97 %, and shared ≥80 % of their genomic segments based on the ANI analysis. Species also had distinct biological and/or ecological features. A 16SrII subgroup often represented a distinct species, e.g., the 16SrII-B subgroup members. Members classified within the 16SrII-A, 16SrII-D, and 16SrII-V subgroups as well as strains classified as sweet potato little leaf phytoplasmas fulfilled criteria to be included as members of a single species, but with subspecies-level relationships with each other. The 16SrXXV-A taxon was also described as a novel phytoplasma species and, based on criteria used for other bacterial families, provided evidence that it could be classified as a distinct genus from the 16SrII phytoplasmas. As more phytoplasma genome sequences become available, the classification system of these bacteria can be further refined at the genus, species, and subspecies taxonomic ranks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Rodrigues Jardim
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action, AgriBio, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | | | - Cherie Gambley
- Horticulture and Forestry Science, Department of Agriculture and Fisheries Maroochy Research Facility, Nambour, Queensland, Australia
| | - Abdullah M Al-Sadi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Ali M Al-Subhi
- Department of Plant Sciences, College of Agricultural and Marine Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman
| | - Xavier Foissac
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, 33140, Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Pascal Salar
- University of Bordeaux, INRAE, Biologie du Fruit et Pathologie, UMR 1332, 33140, Bordeaux, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Hong Cai
- The Key Laboratory for Plant Pathology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, PR China
| | - Jun-Yi Yang
- Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
- Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Richard Davis
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Lynne Jones
- Northern Australia Quarantine Strategy, Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Brendan Rodoni
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action, AgriBio, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Fiona E Constable
- School of Applied Systems Biology, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
- Agriculture Victoria Research, Department of Energy, Environment and Climate Action, AgriBio, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
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Enciso-Ibarra J, Roque A, Bolán-Mejia C, Enciso-Ibarra K, González-Castillo A, Gomez-Gil B. Vibrio eleionomae sp. nov., isolated from shrimp ( Penaeus vannamei) pond water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37167075 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel Vibrio strain (CAIM 722T=SW9T=DSM 24596T) was isolated in 2003 from water of a shrimp (Penaeus vannamei) culture pond located in Los Mochis, Sinaloa, Mexico, and taxonomically characterized using a polyphasic approach. The 16S rRNA gene sequence clustered within those of the genus Vibrio, showing high similarity to the type strains of the Porteresiae clade. Multilocus sequence analysis using eight housekeeping genes (ftsZ, gapA, gyrB, mreB, pyrH, recA, rpoA, topA and 16S rRNA) and phylogenetic analysis with 139 single-copy genes showed that the strain forms an independent branch. Whole genome sequencing and genomic analyses (average nucleotide identity, OrthoANI, average amino acid identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization) produced values well below the thresholds for species delineation with all methods tested. In addition, a phenotypic characterization was performed to support the description and differentiation of the novel strain from related taxa. The results obtained demonstrate that the strain represent a novel species, for which the name Vibrio eleionomae sp. nov. is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana Roque
- Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentaries, Centre d'Aquicultura, Crta: Poble Nou, Km 5,5. La Ràpita, 43540, Spain
| | - Carmen Bolán-Mejia
- CIAD, A.C., Mazatlán Unit for Aquaculture, AP. 711 Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82000, Mexico
| | - Karen Enciso-Ibarra
- CIAD, A.C., Mazatlán Unit for Aquaculture, AP. 711 Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82000, Mexico
| | - Adrián González-Castillo
- Universidad Politécnica de Sinaloa, Programa Académico de Ingeniería en Biotecnología, Carretera Municipal Libre Km.3 Mazatlán-Higueras, Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82199, Mexico
| | - Bruno Gomez-Gil
- CIAD, A.C., Mazatlán Unit for Aquaculture, AP. 711 Mazatlán, Sinaloa 82000, Mexico
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Kovács ÁB, Wehmann E, Grózner D, Bali K, Nemesházi E, Hrivnák V, Morrow CJ, Bányai K, Kreizinger Z, Gyuranecz M. Characterization of atypical Mycoplasma anserisalpingitidis strains. Vet Microbiol 2023; 280:109722. [PMID: 36940525 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Mycoplasma anserisalpingitidis is a waterfowl colonizing mycoplasma, mainly found in geese. In this study, we compared the whole genomes of five atypical M. anserisalpingitidis strains originating from China, Vietnam and Hungary, with the rest of the collection. Common methods used in the description of species are genomic analyses like the analysis of 16 S - intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) - 23 S rRNA, of housekeeping genes, of the average nucleotide identity (ANI) and average amino acid identity (AAI) and phenotypic analyses like testing the growth inhibition and the growth parameters of the strains. The atypical strains showed notable genomic differences in all of the genetic analyses: on average ANI and AAI 95% (M. anserisalpingitidis ANI Minimum: 92.45, Maximum: 95.10; AAI Minimum: 93.34, Maximum: 96.37). The atypical strains formed a separate branch among the M. anserisalpingitidis strains in all phylogenetic studies. The small genome size and possibly higher mutation rate of the M. anserisalpingitidis species likely contributed to the observed genetic difference. Based on genetic analyses, the studied strains clearly represent a new genotype of M. anserisalpingitidis. The atypical strains showed slower growth in the medium containing fructose and three of the atypical strains showed diminished growth in the inhibition test. However, no definitive geno-phenotype associations were found regarding the fructose metabolism pathway in the atypical strains. The atypical strains are potentially at an early stage of speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áron B Kovács
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Enikő Wehmann
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dénes Grózner
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Bali
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Chris J Morrow
- Asia Pacific Centre for Animal Health, Melbourne Veterinary School, The University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Bioproperties Pty Ltd., Victoria, Australia
| | - Krisztián Bányai
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsa Kreizinger
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; MolliScience Kft., Biatorbágy, Hungary
| | - Miklós Gyuranecz
- Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Budapest, Hungary; MolliScience Kft., Biatorbágy, Hungary.
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Rehn AK, Caruso VR, Kumar S. The effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy for children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder: A systematic review. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2023; 50:101719. [PMID: 36599281 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2022.101719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND and purpose Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulty with communication, learning, behaviour, and social interactions. Animal-assisted therapy (AAT) is a growing alternative and complementary therapy for ASD. This review aims to investigate the effectiveness of AAT for children and adolescents with ASD in the domains of cognitive, social, emotional, behavioural, and physical. METHODS A systematic search of databases (Medline, Emcare, Embase, Cochrane Library, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, Scopus, ERIC and OTseeker) was conducted in March 2022. Grey literature was also explored which included searching Trove database and the first 10 pages of Google, as well as pearling reference lists of included studies. This review followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using a modified Joanna Briggs Institute Review Form for Randomised Controlled Trials. A descriptive synthesis was undertaken due to heterogeneity within the evidence base. RESULTS Seven randomised controlled/clinical controlled trials with moderate methodological quality were included in this review. Overall, participation in AAT identified positive trends in the cognitive, social, emotional, behavioural, and physical domains. Despite the positive outcomes, implementation of AAT should be taken with caution as there are currently no standardised frameworks due to heterogeneity within the intervention protocols and outcome measures. CONCLUSION AAT may have positive effects across a multitude of outcomes in the management of ASD for children and adolescents. However, the current literature has considerable methodological concerns which should be addressed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Kate Rehn
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
| | - Victoria Rose Caruso
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
| | - Saravana Kumar
- UniSA Allied Health and Human Performance, University of South Australia, GPO Box 2471, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia.
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11
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Civilotti C, Franceschinis M, Gandino G, Veglia F, Anselmetti S, Bertelli S, D'Agostino A, Redaelli CA, Del Giudice R, Giampaolo R, Fernandez I, Finzi S, Celeghin A, Donarelli E, Di Fini G. State of Mind Assessment in Relation to Adult Attachment and Text Analysis of Adult Attachment Interviews in a Sample of Patients with Anorexia Nervosa. Eur J Investig Health Psychol Educ 2022; 12:1760-79. [PMID: 36547025 DOI: 10.3390/ejihpe12120124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Attachment theory represents one of the most important references for the study of the development of an individual throughout their life cycle and provides the clinician with a profound key for the purposes of understanding the suffering that underlies severe psychopathologies such as eating disorders. As such, we conducted a cross-sectional study with a mixed-methods analysis on a sample of 32 young women with anorexia nervosa (AN); this study was embedded in the utilized theoretical framework with the following aims: 1. to evaluate the state of mind (SoM) in relation to adult attachment, assuming a prevalence of the dismissing (DS) SoM and 2. to analyze the linguistic attachment profile emerging from the transcripts of the AAIs. METHODS Interviews were transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using the linguistic inquiry and word count (LIWC) method. RESULTS The results were observed to be consistent with the referenced literature. The prevalence of a DS SoM (68.75%) is observed in the study sample, whereas the results of the lexical analysis of the stories deviate from expectations. Notably, the lexical results indicate the coexistence of the dismissing and entangled aspects at the representational level. CONCLUSIONS The study results suggest a high level of specificity in the emotional functioning of patients with AN, with a focusing on a pervasive control of emotions that is well illustrated by the avoidant/ambivalent (A/C) strategy described in Crittenden's dynamic-maturational model. These findings and considerations have important implications for clinical work and treatment, which we believe must be structured on the basis of starting from a reappraisal of emotional content.
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12
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Gtari M. Taxogenomic status of phylogenetically distant Frankia clusters warrants their elevation to the rank of genus: A description of Protofrankia gen. nov., Parafrankia gen. nov., and Pseudofrankia gen. nov. as three novel genera within the family Frankiaceae. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1041425. [PMID: 36425027 PMCID: PMC9680954 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1041425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Frankia is at present the sole genus in the family Frankiaceae and encompasses filamentous, sporangia-forming actinomycetes principally isolated from root nodules of taxonomically disparate dicotyledonous hosts named actinorhizal plants. Multiple independent phylogenetic analyses agree with the division of the genus Frankia into four well-supported clusters. Within these clusters, Frankia strains are well defined based on host infectivity range, mode of infection, morphology, and their behaviour in culture. In this study, phylogenomics, overall genome related indices (OGRI), together with available data sets for phenotypic and host-plant ranges available for the type strains of Frankia species, were considered. The robustness and the deep radiation observed in Frankia at the subgeneric level, fulfilling the primary principle of phylogenetic systematics, were strengthened by establishing genome criteria for new genus demarcation boundaries. Therefore, the taxonomic elevation of the Frankia clusters to the rank of the genus is proposed. The genus Frankia should be revised to encompass cluster 1 species only and three novel genera, Protofrankia gen. nov., Parafrankia gen. nov., and Pseudofrankia gen. nov., are proposed to accommodate clusters 2, 3, and 4 species, respectively. New combinations for validly named species are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Gtari
- USCR Bactériologie Moléculaire & Génomique, Institut National des Sciences Appliquées et de Technologie, Université de Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
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13
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Ullmann L, Wibberg D, Busche T, Rückert C, Müsgens A, Kalinowski J, Blank LM. Seventeen Ustilaginaceae High-Quality Genome Sequences Allow Phylogenomic Analysis and Provide Insights into Secondary Metabolite Synthesis. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8. [PMID: 35330271 DOI: 10.3390/jof8030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The family of Ustilaginaceae belongs to the order of Basidiomycetes. Despite their plant pathogenicity causing, e.g., corn smut disease, they are also known as natural producers of value-added chemicals such as extracellular glycolipids, organic acids, and polyols. Here, we present 17 high-quality draft genome sequences (N50 > 1 Mb) combining third-generation nanopore and second-generation Illumina sequencing. The data were analyzed with taxonomical genome-based bioinformatics methods such as Percentage of Conserved Proteins (POCP), Average Nucleotide Identity (ANI), and Average Amino Acid Identity (AAI) analyses indicating that a reclassification of the Ustilaginaceae family might be required. Further, conserved core genes were determined to calculate a phylogenomic core genome tree of the Ustilaginaceae that also supported the results of the other phylogenomic analysis. In addition, to genomic comparisons, secondary metabolite clusters (e.g., itaconic acid, mannosylerythritol lipids, and ustilagic acid) of biotechnological interest were analyzed, whereas the sheer number of clusters did not differ much between species.
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Abstract
Previous studies confirm that attachment representations are very stable and are rooted in semantic and episodic autobiographic memory systems. The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) provides a means to assess secure, insecure, and disorganized (U) states of mind; it incorporates a fine-grained analysis of attachment-related memories. The AAI is not a measure to determine false versus true memories or to claim it can identify veridical truth; however, longitudinal research studies demonstrate that the AAI is highly stable in how (degree of coherence) the speaker discusses past events. This IRB approved study (n = 130) examined a non-clinical sample of active individuals. The results indicated that passive states of mind was a predictor variable for unresolved loss and unresolved childhood abuse and both passive states of mind and more Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) predicted overall lack of resolution (U). Lack of memory and dissociative amnesia were not significant predictors. This study and previous studies demonstrate that retrospective reporting of ACEs remain stable over time. These findings suggest that clinical focus should follow the attachment protocol of examining the state of mind of the speaker. Autobiographical memory systems reveal enduring Internal Working Models (IWMs) that influence how memories are stored and recounted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Thomson
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, California, USA
| | - S Victoria Jaque
- Department of Kinesiology, California State University, Northridge, California, USA
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15
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Soutar CD, Stavrinides J. Phylogenomic analysis of the Erwiniaceae supports reclassification of Kalamiella piersonii to Pantoea piersonii comb. nov. and Erwinia gerundensis to the new genus Duffyella gen. nov. as Duffyella gerundensis comb. nov. Mol Genet Genomics 2022. [PMID: 34988605 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-021-01829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
To better understand the taxonomy of Erwinia in the context of the Erwiniaceae family, we carried out a taxogenomic analysis of the Erwiniaceae, a family that was created following the taxonomic revision of the family, Enterobacteriaceae. There has been no systematic analysis of this family, including the agriculturally relevant genus, Erwinia. Our analyses focused on 80 strains of Erwinia along with 37 strains representing 7 other genera in the family. We identified 308 common proteins, generated a genome-level phylogeny and carried out Average Nucleotide Identity, Average Amino Acid Identity and Percentage of Conserved Protein analyses. We show that multiple strains of Erwinia cannot be assigned to established species groups and that both Erwinia gerundensis and "Erwinia mediterraneensis" are not members of Erwinia. We propose the creation of the genus Duffyella gen. nov. and the reclassification of Erwinia gerundensis to this genus as the type species, Duffyella gerundensis comb. nov. Furthermore, divergence between other species within Erwinia as measured by Average Amino Acid Identity is greater than the divergence between Erwinia and other genera, supporting the possible subdivision of the genus Erwinia into at least two genera. Our analyses also suggest that there is no basis for the establishment of the genus Kalamiella within the Erwiniaceae or the taxonomic revision of the Pantoea septica lineage. Therefore, we propose reclassifying Kalamiella piersonii as Pantoea piersonii comb. nov. Our study provides new insight into the diversity of the Erwiniaceae and provides a solid foundation for advancing taxonomic revision of this broadly relevant family.
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Oliva JL, Green TR. Dog Tales: Mindful Dog Interactions Evoke Similar Experiences to Dog Assisted Mindfulness Meditations. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11072104. [PMID: 34359232 PMCID: PMC8300148 DOI: 10.3390/ani11072104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary As humans went into lockdown in response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, so did their pets. The resulting loss of human freedoms can be an important reflection point for standard pet keeping practices. This study evaluated the feasibility and effectiveness of two six-week interventions that owners can complete with their pet dogs from the safety and comfort of their homes, designed to enhance the wellbeing of both parties. One was a dog-assisted mindfulness intervention, whereby participants would sit quietly with their dog and listen to a mindfulness recording, using a feature of their dog as their object of focus, e.g., their dog’s fur. The other was a dog interactions intervention, whereby participants spent at least 7 min of undivided attention interacting with their dog in different ways each week. Common experiences were reported across the two interventions including: enhanced owner–dog connection, and feelings of relaxation, happiness and engagement both during and after participating in the weekly activities. Additionally, ‘dog happiness’ was commonly reported in the dog interactions group. Using our own experiences of being “locked down” as a reference point, this study offers two novel ways in which owners can attempt to enrich the lives of their dogs at home. Abstract Stay-at-home regulations in response to COVID-19 have put humans at increased risk of loneliness. Some studies support dog ownership as a protection against loneliness, while other studies have suggested the lockdowns can be used to reflect upon the similar restrictions owners impose on their pets on a daily basis. This study evaluated two novel ways to enrich the lives of pet dogs in the home, while also providing benefits to owners. It was hypothesized that a six-week Dog Assisted Mindfulness (DAM) intervention and a Dog Interactions (DI) intervention would positively impact owner-rated loneliness, mindfulness, and owner–dog emotional attachment, compared to a control group. Seventy-three participants were randomly assigned to each group. Mixed methods ANOVAs found no significant main effects of group, nor any group × time interaction effects. Qualitative analyses revealed common experiences among participants in the two active interventions, including enhanced owner–dog connection, and feelings of relaxation, happiness and engagement both during and after participating in the weekly activities. There was also an added benefit of ‘dog happiness’ in the interactions group. Future studies should investigate this in a more objective manner and in the meantime, regular owner–dog interactions should be encouraged, especially during times of extended lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Lee Oliva
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia;
- College of Healthcare Science, James Cook University, Townsville 4811, Australia
- Correspondence:
| | - Tim Robert Green
- School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne 3800, Australia;
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Maiti PK, Mandal S. Streptomyces himalayensis sp. nov. including Streptomyces himalayensis subsp. himalayensis subsp. nov. and Streptomyces himalayensis subsp. aureolus subsp. nov. isolated from Western Himalaya. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:2325-2334. [PMID: 33649903 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02232-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two novel actinobacteria, strain PSKA28T and PSKA54T were isolated from soil sample of Kashmir-Himalaya, India (latitude 34°-01' N; longitude 74°-47' E; altitude 5328 ft). Polyphasic-taxonomic analysis revealed that these strains belong to the genus Streptomyces. The 16S rRNA gene-sequence similarity of these strain were highest (98.6%) with that of the Streptomyces torulosus NRRLB-3889T. They showed 92.1% gyrB gene-sequence similarity but 92.9 and 94.6% rpoB gene-sequence similarity, respectively, with Streptomyces torulosus NRRLB-3889T. The sequence similarities were significantly lower than the recommended threshold value for novel taxonomic position and the 16S rRNA sequence-based phylogenetic analysis indicated that these two isolates are in distinct clade. Phylogenomic analysis with their genome sequences, conferred by Type Strain Genome Server separated them from rest of the Streptomyces type strains. The cell wall contained LL-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysate contained glucose and ribose. Major fatty acid methyl esters were 15:0 anteiso, 16:0 iso and 17:0 anteiso. Average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values as well as evolutionary distance based on multilocus sequence analysis, between closely related type strains and either of the strain PSKA28T or PSKA54T, were considerably lower than the recommended threshold value (< 70% dDDH or < 95-96% ANI/AAI or > 0.007 MLSA distance). Therefore, these isolates represent a novel Streptomyces species, for which we proposed the name Streptomyces himalayensis sp. nov. Genotypic and phenotypic analyses clearly split these strains into two closely related sub-clusters. Based on this, two novel subspecies Streptomyces himalayensis subsp. himalayensis subsp. nov. and Streptomyces himalayensis subsp. aureolus subsp. nov. are proposed, with type strains JCM33755T (= MTCC12933T, MCC4145T) and JCM33759T (= MTCC12938, MCC4180), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Kumar Maiti
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Department of Microbiology, Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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18
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van Houtert EAE, Endenburg N, Rodenburg TB, Vermetten E. Do Service Dogs for Veterans with PTSD Mount a Cortisol Response in Response to Training? Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11030650. [PMID: 33804470 PMCID: PMC7998945 DOI: 10.3390/ani11030650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary A growing number of people are supported by specialized service dogs. These dogs are highly trained to improve human welfare, yet not much is known about their own welfare. One of the ways in which welfare can be measured is through the expression of stress via the hormone cortisol. In this study, we investigated the level of cortisol in saliva, a measure for physiological stress, in 19 service dogs. We measured cortisol in the dogs’ saliva 15 min after arrival at a training ground, before partaking in a training session for service dogs, after participation in the training session, and after a 45-min free play period. We found no elevated levels of cortisol after the training session. Instead, we found that cortisol had lowered when compared to before the training. Additionally, we found that cortisol was highest 15 min after arriving at the training round and after 45 min of free play. This led to the conclusion that dogs in our study did not seem to have a stress response in response to participation in the training. Abstract Only a few studies have investigated the welfare of animals participating in animal-assisted interventions (AAIs). Most of these studies focus on dogs in therapeutic settings. There are, however, also dogs—service dogs—that are employed to continuously support a single human. Because the welfare of these service dogs is important for the sustainability of their role, the aim of this study was to investigate their stress response to service dog training sessions. To do this, we took repeated salivary cortisol samples from dogs who participated in a training session (n = 19). Samples were taken just after arrival at the training ground, before training, after training, and after a period of free play. Our results showed that mean cortisol levels in all samples were relatively low (between 1.55 ± 1.10 and 2.73 ± 1.47 nmol/L) compared to similar studies. Analysis further showed that samples taken before and after participation in the training’s session did not differ from one another. Mean cortisol levels in both situations were additionally lower than those upon arrival at the training site and after a period of free play. This led to the conclusion that the dogs in our study did not seem to experience training as stressful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmy A. E. van Houtert
- Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.E.); (T.B.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Nienke Endenburg
- Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.E.); (T.B.R.)
| | - T. Bas Rodenburg
- Animals in Science and Society, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands; (N.E.); (T.B.R.)
| | - Eric Vermetten
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Centre, 2311 EZ Leiden, The Netherlands;
- ARQ National Psychotrauma Center, 1112 XE Diemen, The Netherlands
- Department of MGGZ, Ministry of Defence, 3584 EZ Utrecht, The Netherlands
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19
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Maiti PK, Mandal S. Streptomyces cupreus sp. nov., an antimicrobial producing actinobacterium isolated from Himalayan soil. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1601-1609. [PMID: 33415367 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02160-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel actinobacterium, designated Streptomyces sp strain PSKA01T, was isolated from a soil sample of Kashmir Himalaya, India (latitude:34˚-01'N; longitude:74˚-47'E; altitude: 5328 ft). The taxonomic position of this strain was revealed by a polyphasic approach. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that PSKA01T was closely related to the members of the genus Streptomyces, with the highest similarity to Streptomyces venetus CMU-AB225T (99.3%), Streptomyces levis NBRC 15423 T (99.3%), Streptomyces misionensis DSM 40306 T (99.2%), Streptomyces carpinensis NRRL B-16921 T (99.2%), Streptomyces purpurascens NBRC 13077 T (99.2%), and Streptomyces phaeoluteichromatogenes NRRL 5799 T (99.2%). A phylogenomic tree based on genome sequences of the isolated strains, conferred by Type Strain Genome Server (TYGS), separated them from rest of the Streptomyces. The cell wall contained LL-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were xylose and rhamnose. Major fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were observed as 16:0 iso and 17:0 anteiso. In addition to the differences in phenotypic characters, the average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI), digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) values, tetranucleotide frequency correlation coefficient (TETRA), and multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) between PSKA01T and closely related type strains were considerably lower than the recommended threshold value; therefore, this isolate represents a novel Streptomyces species, for which the name Streptomyces cupreus sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is PSKA01T (= JCM 33752 T = MCC 4182 T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Pulak Kumar Maiti
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India
| | - Sukhendu Mandal
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, Department of Microbiology, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, 700019, India.
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Grabovich MY, Smolyakov DD, Beletsky AV, Mardanov AV, Gureeva MV, Markov ND, Rudenko TS, Ravin NV. Reclassification of Sphaerotilus natans subsp. sulfidivorans Gridneva et al. 2011 as Sphaerotilus sulfidivorans sp. nov. and comparative genome analysis of the genus Sphaerotilus. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:1595-1599. [PMID: 33399897 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-02158-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Filamentous iron oxides accumulating bacteria Sphaerotilus natans subsp. natans and S. natans subsp. sulfidivorans were described as subspecies based on 99.7% identity of their 16S rRNA sequences, in spite of important physiological difference. The ANI between their genomes was 94.7%, which indicate their assignment to different species. S. natans subsp. sulfidivorans and S. montanus possess genes for a complete SOX system, while S. natans subsp. natans encode only SoxYZ. There are genes for the Calvin cycle in the genomes of S. hippei DSM 566T, S. natans subsp. sulfidivorans D-501T, and S. montanus HST. Lithoautotrophy on reduced sulfur compounds is probably possible for S. natans subsp. sulfidivorans and S. montanus, but not for S. natans subsp. natans. Considering significant differences in the genome characteristics and metabolic potential of S. natans subsp. sulfidivorans and S. natans subsp. natans, we propose their classification as different species, S. natans and S. sulfidivorans sp. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarita Y Grabovich
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl, Voronezh, 394018, Russia.
| | - Dmitry D Smolyakov
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl, Voronezh, 394018, Russia
| | - Alexey V Beletsky
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V Mardanov
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria V Gureeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl, Voronezh, 394018, Russia
| | - Nikita D Markov
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl, Voronezh, 394018, Russia
| | - Tatyana S Rudenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Physiology, Voronezh State University, 1 Universitetskaya pl, Voronezh, 394018, Russia
| | - Nikolai V Ravin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Moscow, Russia
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Quereda JJ, Leclercq A, Moura A, Vales G, Gómez-Martín Á, García-Muñoz Á, Thouvenot P, Tessaud-Rita N, Bracq-Dieye H, Lecuit M. Listeria valentina sp. nov., isolated from a water trough and the faeces of healthy sheep. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:5868-5879. [PMID: 33016862 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In the context of a study on the occurrence of Listeria species in an animal farm environment in Valencia, Spain, six Listeria-like isolates could not be assigned to any known species. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and on 231 Listeria core genes grouped these isolates in a monophyletic clade within the genus Listeria, with highest similarity to Listeria thailandensis. Whole-genome sequence analyses based on in silico DNA-DNA hybridization, the average nucleotide blast and the pairwise amino acid identities against all currently known Listeria species confirmed that these isolates constituted a new taxon within the genus Listeria. Phenotypically, these isolates differed from other Listeria species mainly by the production of acid from inositol, the absence of acidification in presence of methyl α-d-glucoside, and the absence of α-mannosidase and nitrate reductase activities. The name Listeria valentina sp. nov. is proposed for this novel species, and the type strain is CLIP 2019/00642T (=CIP 111799T=DSM 110544T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan J Quereda
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Alexandre Leclercq
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Moura
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vales
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Ángel Gómez-Martín
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ángel García-Muñoz
- Departamento Producción y Sanidad Animal, Salud Pública Veterinaria y Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pierre Thouvenot
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Tessaud-Rita
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Hélène Bracq-Dieye
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre, WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,Université de Paris, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Institut Imagine, APHP, Paris, France
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22
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Xu L, Sun C, Fang C, Oren A, Xu XW. Genomic-based taxonomic classification of the family Erythrobacteraceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:4470-4495. [PMID: 32726199 PMCID: PMC7660246 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The family Erythrobacteraceae, belonging to the order Sphingomonadales, class Alphaproteobacteria, is globally distributed in various environments. Currently, this family consist of seven genera: Altererythrobacter, Croceibacterium, Croceicoccus, Erythrobacter, Erythromicrobium, Porphyrobacter and Qipengyuania. As more species are identified, the taxonomic status of the family Erythrobacteraceae should be revised at the genomic level because of its polyphyletic nature evident from 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Phylogenomic reconstruction based on 288 single-copy orthologous clusters led to the identification of three separate clades. Pairwise comparisons of average nucleotide identity, average amino acid identity (AAI), percentage of conserved protein and evolutionary distance indicated that AAI and evolutionary distance had the highest correlation. Thresholds for genera boundaries were proposed as 70 % and 0.4 for AAI and evolutionary distance, respectively. Based on the phylo-genomic and genomic similarity analysis, the three clades were classified into 16 genera, including 11 novel ones, for which the names Alteraurantiacibacter, Altericroceibacterium, Alteriqipengyuania, Alteripontixanthobacter, Aurantiacibacter, Paraurantiacibacter, Parerythrobacter, Parapontixanthobacter, Pelagerythrobacter, Tsuneonella and Pontixanthobacter are proposed. We reclassified all species of Erythromicrobium and Porphyrobacter as species of Erythrobacter. This study is the first genomic-based study of the family Erythrobacteraceae, and will contribute to further insights into the evolution of this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Cong Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
- College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, PR China
| | - Chen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
- College of Oceanography, Hohai University, Nanjing 210000, PR China
| | - Aharon Oren
- The Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Xue-Wei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Ministry of Natural Resources & Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, PR China
- School of Oceanography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, PR China
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23
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Kraft M, Dölle-Bierke S, Turner PJ, Muraro A, Fernández-Rivas M, Grabenhenrich L, Worm M. EAACI Task force Clinical epidemiology of anaphylaxis: experts' perspective on the use of adrenaline autoinjectors in Europe. Clin Transl Allergy 2020; 10:12. [PMID: 32426107 PMCID: PMC7216364 DOI: 10.1186/s13601-020-00317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Worldwide, guidelines recommend the use of adrenaline autoinjectors (AAIs) for self-medication in patients who experience severe allergic reaction. The European Medical Agency recommends the prescription of two AAIs, which should be carried by patients at all times. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guidelines propose to prescribe a second AAI under some defined conditions. In the present study, we aimed to examine the adherence to these guidelines and prescription behavior of allergy experts regarding the number of AAIs prescribed for a given patient. Methods A standardized questionnaire was applied to the participants of the 5th International Conference of the Network of Online Registration for Anaphylaxis (NORA e. V.). Twenty-six experts (medical doctors with at least 2 years of experience in the field of anaphylaxis) answered the questions regarding the number of autoinjectors prescribed and the reasons influencing their decisions. Results Sixty-eight percent of the experts usually prescribed one AAI, while 32% prescribed two. The pediatricians and physicians with less experience tended to prescribe two autoinjectors more frequently. The experts were more likely to prescribe two adrenaline autoinjectors if the patient was a child, had a previous severe reaction, had mastocytosis, asthma, cardiovascular disease, or high body weight, or lived far from the emergency department. Conclusion Our data confirm the lack of consensus regarding the number of AAIs to prescribe. Despite the European Medical Agency recommendation, the majority of allergy experts prescribed one autoinjector per patient. However, under distinct circumstances (e.g. mastocytosis, asthma, excess body weight, a history of severe anaphylaxis, or restricted access to immediate emergency), experts tended to prescribe more AAIs, which is in accordance with the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology guidelines.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kraft
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Dpt. of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabine Dölle-Bierke
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Dpt. of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul J Turner
- 2Section of Inflammation, Repair & Development, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Antonella Muraro
- 3Food Allergy Referral Centre, Department of Women and Child Health, Padua General University Hospital, Padua, Italy
| | - Montserrat Fernández-Rivas
- 4Department of Allergy, Hospital Clinico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense, IdISSC, ARADyAL, Madrid, Spain
| | - Linus Grabenhenrich
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Dpt. of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.,5Department for Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Robert Koch-Institut, Berlin, Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- 1Division of Allergy and Immunology, Dpt. of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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24
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Juhász J, Gáspári Z, Pongor S. Structure and Oxidative Folding of AAI, the Major Alfa-Amylase Inhibitor From Amaranth Seeds. Front Chem 2020; 8:180. [PMID: 32257998 PMCID: PMC7090091 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
AAI, the major alpha-amylase inhibitor (AAI) present in the seeds of the Mexican crop plant Amaranthus hypocondriacus is a 32-residue-long polypeptide with three disulfide bridges. Its structure is most closely related to the plant amylase inhibitor subfamily of knottins characterized by a topological knot formed by one disulfide bridge threading through a loop formed by the peptide chain as well as a short three-stranded beta sandwich core. AAI is specific against insect amylases and does not act on corresponding human or mammalian enzymes. It was found that the oxidative folding of AAI seems to follow a hirudine-like pathway with many non-native intermediates, but notably it proceeds through a major folding intermediate (MFI) that contains a vicinal disulfide bridge. Based on a review of the pertinent literature, the known vicinal disulfides in native proteins as well as well as the network of disulfide interchanges, we propose that MFI is a kinetic trap corresponding to a compact molten globule-like state which constrains the peptide chain to a smaller number of conformations that in turn can be rapidly funneled toward the native state.
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Affiliation(s)
- János Juhász
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary.,3in-PPCU Research Group, Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Esztergom, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gáspári
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Pongor
- Faculty of Information Technology and Bionics, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary
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25
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Lucena T, Arahal DR, Sanz-Sáez I, Acinas SG, Sánchez O, Aznar R, Pedrós-Alió C, Pujalte MJ. Thalassocella blandensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Cellvibrionaceae. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:1231-1239. [PMID: 31793854 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strain ISS155T, isolated from surface Mediterranean seawater, has cells that are Gram-reaction-negative, motile, strictly aerobic chemoorganotrophic, oxidase-positive, unable to reduce nitrate to nitrite, and able to grow with cellulose as the sole carbon and energy source. It is mesophilic, neutrophilic, slightly halophilic and has a requirement for sodium and magnesium ions. Its 16S rRNA gene sequence places the strain among members of Cellvibrionaceae, in the Gammaproteobacteria, with Agarilytica rhodophyticola 017T as closest relative (94.3 % similarity). Its major cellular fatty acids are C18 : 1, C16 : 0 and C16 : 1; major phospholipids are phosphatidyl glycerol, phosphatidyl ethanolamine and an unidentified lipid, and the major respiratory quinone is Q8. The genome size is 6.09 Mbp and G+C content is 45.2 mol%. A phylogenomic analysis using UBCG merges strain ISS155T in a clade with A. rhodophyticola, Teredinibacter turnerae, Saccharophagus degradans and Agaribacterium haliotis type strain genomes, all of them possessing a varied array of carbohydrate-active enzymes and the potential for polysaccharide degradation. Average amino acid identity indexes determined against available Cellvibrionaceae type strain genomes show that strain ISS155T is related to them by values lower than 60 %, with a maximum of 58 % to A. rhodophyticola 017T and 57 % to T. turnerae T7902T and S. degradans 2-40T. These results, together with the low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities and differences in phenotypic profiles, indicate that strain ISS155T represents a new genus and species in Cellvibrionaceae, for which we propose the name Thalassocella blandensis gen. nov., sp. nov., and strain ISS155T (=CECT 9533T=LMG 31237T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Lucena
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - David R Arahal
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Sanz-Sáez
- Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia G Acinas
- Departament de Biologia Marina i Oceanografia, Institut de Ciències del Mar, ICM-CSIC, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Sánchez
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Rosa Aznar
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Carlos Pedrós-Alió
- Department of Systems Biology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Pujalte
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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26
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Arahal DR, La Mura A, Lucena T, Rodrigo-Torres L, Aznar R, Pujalte MJ. Shimia thalassica sp. nov., and reclassification of Pseudopelagicola gijangensis as Shimia gijangensis comb. nov., and Thalassobius activus as Cognatishimia activa comb. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:3405-3413. [PMID: 31373895 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Strain CECT 7735T, a marine Gram-reaction negative, aerobic, non-motile bacterium, was isolated from coastal seawater in Valencia, Spain. Strain CECT 7735T is chemoorganotrophic, mesophilic, slightly halophilic, grows at 15-28 °C but not at 4 or 37 °C, requires seawater for growth and grows up to 6 % salinity. The major cellular fatty acid is summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c). The G+C content of the genome is 55.7 mol%. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence shows the strain is affiliated to the family Rhodobacteraceae, in the class Alphaproteobacteria, with highest similarities to Phaeobacter species (97.0-97.5 %), Shimia species (96.5-97.3 %) and Pseudopelagicola gijangensis (96.5 %). Further phylogenomic analysis through the up-to-date-bacterial core gene (UBCG) set showed P. gijangensis to be its closest relative. Average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values are lower than 85 and 21 %, respectively, with its phylogenetic relatives, suggesting that strain CECT 7735T represents a new species. The average amino acid identity value was over 70 % with the genome of the type strain of P. gijangensis and with all those of Shimia species. These values, together with UBCG set trees, suggest that the new species and P. gijangensisbelong to the same genus and that Pseudopelagicola should be reclassified as a Shimia species. We conclude that strain CECT 7735T represents a new species in the genus Shimia, for which we propose the name Shimiathalassica sp. nov. In addition, Pseudopelagicola gijangensis is reclassified as Shimiagijangensis comb. nov. From the same phylogenomic study, it can be concluded that Thalassobius activus should be reclassified in the genus Cognatishimia as Cognatishimiaactiva comb. nov.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Arahal
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Alexandra La Mura
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Teresa Lucena
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Lidia Rodrigo-Torres
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Spain
| | - Rosa Aznar
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Spain
| | - María J Pujalte
- Departamento de Microbiología y Ecología and Colección Española de Cultivos Tipo (CECT), Universitat de València, Spain
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27
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Lerner H. A Proposal for a Comprehensive Human-Animal Approach of Evaluation for Animal-Assisted Interventions. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E4305. [PMID: 31698680 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16224305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Background: An important field of human–animal interactions is animal-assisted interventions (AAIs), which refers to research on human–animal interactions in order to promote or facilitate health or education in humans. Very few studies among the rich literature on AAIs seem to include aspects of animal welfare and/or animal ethics. Also, very few studies on AAIs have a comprehensive human–animal approach that studies animals, humans, and the relations between them at the same time. This paper tries to argue for and present a possible comprehensive human–animal approach to evaluate AAIs. Methods: A combination of the species and role approach proposed by Lerner, the capability approach proposed by Nussbaum, and a modified comprehensive human–animal approach to evaluate AAIs proposed by Lerner and Silfverberg was philosophically analyzed. Results: This paper shows that the combination is the modified role and species version of the capabilities approach, and by following it one could do a comprehensive human–animal approach of an evaluation of AAIs. Conclusion: Although the aim was reached for horses and animal-assisted therapy, further work needs to be done for all species suggested in the IAHAIO (International Association of Human–Animal Interaction Organizations) White Paper as well as for all branches of AAIs in order to establish this comprehensive human–animal approach.
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28
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Abstract
During a screening of Listeria species in food samples in Thailand, a Listeria-like bacterium was recovered from fried chicken and could not be assigned to any known species. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene and on 243 Listeria core genes placed the novel taxon within the Listeria aquatica, Listeria floridensis, Listeria fleishmannii and Listeria costaricensis clade (Listeria sensu lato), with highest similarity to L. floridensis (98.9 %) and L. costaricensis (98.8 %). Whole-genome sequence analyses based on the average nucleotide blast identity (ANI<86 %), the pairwise amino acid identity (AAI>64 %) and on the percentage of conserved proteins (POCP>77 %) with currently known Listeria species confirmed that the strain constituted a new taxon within the genus Listeria. At the phenotypical level, it differs from other Listeria species by the production of acid from d-tagatose and inositol. The name Listeria thailandensis sp. nov. is proposed for the novel species, and is represented by the type strain CLIP 2015/00305T (=CIP 111635T=DSM 107638T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Leclercq
- 3Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,1Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France.,2Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Moura
- 1Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France.,3Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,2Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vales
- 1Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France.,2Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Nathalie Tessaud-Rita
- 1Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France.,2Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | | | - Marc Lecuit
- 5Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut Imagine, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,2Biology of Infection Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,3Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,1Institut Pasteur, National Reference Centre and WHO Collaborating Centre for Listeria, Paris, France
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29
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Barone L, Carta A, Ozturk Y. Social-emotional functioning in planned lesbian families: does biological versus non-biological mother status matter? An Italian pilot study. Attach Hum Dev 2018; 22:143-156. [PMID: 30278828 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2018.1528620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
To date, few studies have investigated the social-emotional functioning of planned lesbian families, wherein only one parent is the biological mother of the child. We examined if being a biological versus non-biological mother plays a role in planned lesbian couple functioning and mother-infant play interactions. The present study analyzes the attachment state of mind, couple alliance, parenting stress, and emotional availability in a sample of 40 mothers (20 biological and 20 non-biological). The results showed that mothers' life-long attachment experiences and related mental states of mind, rather than biological relatedness between the parent and child, matter in a mother and child's emotional involvement in parent-child interaction. Furthermore, the results confirmed the different impact of the perceived quality of the couple alliance on biological and non-biological mothers. The findings obtained elucidated what counts in this new family typology, and constitute a heuristic solicitation for future studies to better understand the key factors and mechanisms implied in social-emotional functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lavinia Barone
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Lab. Attachment and Parenting-LAG, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Andrea Carta
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Lab. Attachment and Parenting-LAG, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Yagmur Ozturk
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, Lab. Attachment and Parenting-LAG, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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30
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Cabal A, Jun SR, Jenjaroenpun P, Wanchai V, Nookaew I, Wongsurawat T, Burgess MJ, Kothari A, Wassenaar TM, Ussery DW. Genome-Based Comparison of Clostridioides difficile: Average Amino Acid Identity Analysis of Core Genomes. Microb Ecol 2018; 76:801-813. [PMID: 29445826 PMCID: PMC6132499 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-018-1155-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Infections due to Clostridioides difficile (previously known as Clostridium difficile) are a major problem in hospitals, where cases can be caused by community-acquired strains as well as by nosocomial spread. Whole genome sequences from clinical samples contain a lot of information but that needs to be analyzed and compared in such a way that the outcome is useful for clinicians or epidemiologists. Here, we compare 663 public available complete genome sequences of C. difficile using average amino acid identity (AAI) scores. This analysis revealed that most of these genomes (640, 96.5%) clearly belong to the same species, while the remaining 23 genomes produce four distinct clusters within the Clostridioides genus. The main C. difficile cluster can be further divided into sub-clusters, depending on the chosen cutoff. We demonstrate that MLST, either based on partial or full gene-length, results in biased estimates of genetic differences and does not capture the true degree of similarity or differences of complete genomes. Presence of genes coding for C. difficile toxins A and B (ToxA/B), as well as the binary C. difficile toxin (CDT), was deduced from their unique PfamA domain architectures. Out of the 663 C. difficile genomes, 535 (80.7%) contained at least one copy of ToxA or ToxB, while these genes were missing from 128 genomes. Although some clusters were enriched for toxin presence, these genes are variably present in a given genetic background. The CDT genes were found in 191 genomes, which were restricted to a few clusters only, and only one cluster lacked the toxin A/B genes consistently. A total of 310 genomes contained ToxA/B without CDT (47%). Further, published metagenomic data from stools were used to assess the presence of C. difficile sequences in blinded cases of C. difficile infection (CDI) and controls, to test if metagenomic analysis is sensitive enough to detect the pathogen, and to establish strain relationships between cases from the same hospital. We conclude that metagenomics can contribute to the identification of CDI and can assist in characterization of the most probable causative strain in CDI patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cabal
- Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants, Tannenstrasse 7, 55576, Zotzenheim, Germany
| | - Se-Ran Jun
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Piroon Jenjaroenpun
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Visanu Wanchai
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Intawat Nookaew
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Thidathip Wongsurawat
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Mary J Burgess
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Atul Kothari
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - Trudy M Wassenaar
- Molecular Microbiology and Genomics Consultants, Tannenstrasse 7, 55576, Zotzenheim, Germany
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA
| | - David W Ussery
- Arkansas Center for Genomic Epidemiology and Medicine, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 W. Markham Str., Slot 782, Little Rock, AR, 72205, USA.
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31
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Bailey-Pearce O, Stedmon J, Dallos R, Davis G. Fathers' experiences of their child's life-limiting condition: An attachment narrative perspective. Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry 2018; 23:381-397. [PMID: 28975800 DOI: 10.1177/1359104517730115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
When a child has a life-limiting illness, parental involvement is amplified, having to respond to the increased needs of the child. Both parents are affected by the illness, yet research has largely under-represented fathers' experiences of their child's illness. Seven fathers were interviewed about their experiences with their child's life-limiting illness. In addition, fathers' attachment strategies were assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview. Narrative analysis was implemented to explore the interviews, and indicators of attachment markers employed in the Adult Attachment Interview were also identified. The dominant themes were found to be 'experience of the diagnosis', 'living with the illness', 'struggling with emotions' and 'relationship with staff'. Within each theme, there were differences which related to the father's attachment strategies. This was particularly evident in parts of their narratives recounting critical moments of threat and anxiety in the course of discovering and adjusting to their child's illness. Importantly, the findings also suggested that the experience for the fathers stressed, and in some cases disrupted, their attachment coping strategies. All fathers told stories of trying to get it right for their children and family. Their experiences of, and adjustment to, the illness were related to their attachment strategies. The clinical implications for health professionals are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rudi Dallos
- 2 D Clin Psychology, University of Plymouth, UK
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Hu M, Zhang P, Leng M, Li C, Chen L. Animal-assisted intervention for individuals with cognitive impairment: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials. Psychiatry Res 2018; 260:418-427. [PMID: 29268204 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2017] [Revised: 11/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this meta-analysis was to systematically examine the efficacy of animal-assisted intervention (AAI) for cognitive impairment patients. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane library, PsycINFO, and Web of Science databases were searched up to June 2017 to collect studies related to AAI conducted in patients with cognitive impairment. Five randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and five quasi-randomized controlled trials (quasi-RCTs) involving 413 participants were included. Compared with control groups, AAI groups exhibited significantly fewer behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), especially depression and agitation. In both the short and long term, AAI had beneficial effects on BPSD in cognitive impairment patients. However, no significant improvements were found in daily living activities, quality of life or cognitive score. The present meta-analysis showed that AAI can be effective in reducing BPSD in patients with cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyue Hu
- College of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Minmin Leng
- College of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chen Li
- College of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Li Chen
- College of Nursing, Jilin University, Changchun, China; Department of Pharmacology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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Abstract
A bacterial strain isolated from a food processing drainage system in Costa Rica fulfilled the criteria as belonging to the genus Listeria, but could not be assigned to any of the known species. Phylogenetic analysis based on the 16S rRNA gene revealed highest sequence similarity with the type strain of Listeria floridensis (98.7 %). Phylogenetic analysis based on Listeria core genomes placed the novel taxon within the Listeria fleishmannii, L. floridensis and Listeria aquatica clade (Listeria sensu lato). Whole-genome sequence analyses based on the average nucleotide blast identity (ANI<80 %) indicated that this isolate belonged to a novel species. Results of pairwise amino acid identity (AAI>70 %) and percentage of conserved proteins (POCP>68 %) with currently known Listeria species, as well as of biochemical characterization, confirmed that the strain constituted a novel species within the genus Listeria. The name Listeria costaricensis sp. nov. is proposed for the novel species, and is represented by the type strain CLIP 2016/00682T (=CIP 111400T=DSM 105474T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kattia Núñez-Montero
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Alexandre Leclercq
- Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center for Listeria, Paris, France
| | - Alexandra Moura
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center for Listeria, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Vales
- Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center for Listeria, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France
| | - Johnny Peraza
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Escuela de Biología, Instituto Tecnológico de Costa Rica, Cartago, Costa Rica
| | - Javier Pizarro-Cerdá
- INRA USC2020, Paris, France.,Present address: Institut Pasteur, Yersinia Research Unit, Paris, France.,Inserm U604, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Bacteria-Cell Interactions Unit, Paris, France
| | - Marc Lecuit
- Paris Descartes University, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Division of Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine, Institut Imagine, Necker-Enfants Malades University Hospital, APHP, Paris, France.,Inserm U1117, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, National Reference Center and WHO Collaborating Center for Listeria, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biology of Infection Unit, Paris, France
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Hix J, Klaassen M, Foreman R, Cullen E, Toler K, King W, Woodell-May J. An Autologous Anti-Inflammatory Protein Solution Yielded a Favorable Safety Profile and Significant Pain Relief in an Open-Label Pilot Study of Patients with Osteoarthritis. Biores Open Access 2017; 6:151-158. [PMID: 29279807 PMCID: PMC5738995 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2017.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive and degenerative disease, which may result in significant pain and decreased quality of life. Recent updates in our understanding of OA have demonstrated that it is a whole joint disease that has many similarities to an unhealed wound containing inflammatory cytokines. The nSTRIDE Autologous Protein Solution (APS) Kit is a medical device under development for the treatment of OA. The APS Kit processes a patient's own blood at the point of care to contain high concentrations of anti-inflammatory cytokines and anabolic growth factors. This study assessed the safety and treatment effects of a single intra-articular injection of APS. Eleven patients were enrolled in this study. Sufficient blood could not be drawn from one patient who was subsequently withdrawn, leaving 10 patients treated. Minor adverse events (AEs) were experienced by seven subjects (63.6%). There was one serious AE (diverticulitis) unrelated to the device or procedure. One subject experienced AEs that were judged “likely” to be procedure related (arthralgia/musculoskeletal discomfort) and all resolved within 6 days of injection. All other AEs were unrelated to the device or procedure. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain scores improved significantly over time (ANOVA, p < 0.0001, 12.0 ± 1.2 preinjection, 3.3 ± 2.9 one year postinjection, and 72.5% WOMAC pain improvement). There was significant positive correlation between white blood cell concentration in APS and improvement in WOMAC pain scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Hix
- Orthopedic Sports Medicine Center, Elkhart, Indiana
| | | | - Ryan Foreman
- Orthopedic Sports Medicine Center, Elkhart, Indiana
| | - Edith Cullen
- Orthopedic Sports Medicine Center, Elkhart, Indiana
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Kuipers GS, Hollander SD, van der Ark LA, Bekker MHJ. Recovery from eating disorder 1 year after start of treatment is related to better mentalization and strong reduction of sensitivity to others. Eat Weight Disord 2017. [PMID: 28643289 DOI: 10.1007/s40519-017-0405-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate whether recovery from an eating disorder is related to pre-treatment attachment and mentalization and/or to improvement of attachment and mentalization during treatment. METHOD For a sample of 38 anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) patients receiving treatment the relations between attachment security, mentalization, comorbidity and recovery status after 12 months (not recovered or recovered), and after 18 months (persistently ill, relapsed, newly recovered, or persistently recovered) were investigated. Attachment security and mentalization were assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview at the start of the treatment and after 12 months. Besides assessing co-morbidity-for its effect on treatment outcome-we measured psycho-neuroticism and autonomy because of their established relations to both eating disorder symptoms and to attachment security. RESULTS Recovery both at 12 months and at 18 months was related to higher levels of mentalization; for attachment, no significant differences were found between recovered and unrecovered patients. Patients who recovered from AN or BN also improved on co-morbid symptoms: whereas pre-treatment symptom severity was similar, at 12 months recovered patients scored lower on co-morbid personality disorders, anxiety, depression, self-injurious behaviour and psycho-neuroticism than unrecovered patients. Improvement on autonomy (reduced sensitivity to others; greater capacity to manage new situations) in 1 year of treatment was significantly higher in recovered than in unrecovered patients. CONCLUSION A focus on enhancing mentalization in eating disorder treatment might be useful to increase the chances of successful treatment. Improvement of autonomy might be the mechanism of change in recovering from AN or BN. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III cohort study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greet S Kuipers
- Unit for Eating Disorders, GGZ Breburg, PO Box 770, 5000 AT, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | | | - L Andries van der Ark
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, PO Box 15776, 1001 NG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marrie H J Bekker
- Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology, Tilburg University, PO Box 90153, 5000 LE, Tilburg, The Netherlands
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Nicholson AC, Gulvik CA, Whitney AM, Humrighouse BW, Graziano J, Emery B, Bell M, Loparev V, Juieng P, Gartin J, Bizet C, Clermont D, Criscuolo A, Brisse S, McQuiston JR. Revisiting the taxonomy of the genus Elizabethkingia using whole-genome sequencing, optical mapping, and MALDI-TOF, along with proposal of three novel Elizabethkingia species: Elizabethkingia bruuniana sp. nov., Elizabethkingia ursingii sp. nov., and Elizabethkingia occulta sp. nov. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 111:55-72. [PMID: 28856455 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0926-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The genus Elizabethkingia is genetically heterogeneous, and the phenotypic similarities between recognized species pose challenges in correct identification of clinically derived isolates. In addition to the type species Elizabethkingia meningoseptica, and more recently proposed Elizabethkingia miricola, Elizabethkingia anophelis and Elizabethkingia endophytica, four genomospecies have long been recognized. By comparing historic DNA-DNA hybridization results with whole genome sequences, optical maps, and MALDI-TOF mass spectra on a large and diverse set of strains, we propose a comprehensive taxonomic revision of this genus. Genomospecies 1 and 2 contain the type strains E. anophelis and E. miricola, respectively. Genomospecies 3 and 4 are herein proposed as novel species named as Elizabethkingia bruuniana sp. nov. (type strain, G0146T = DSM 2975T = CCUG 69503T = CIP 111191T) and Elizabethkingia ursingii sp. nov. (type strain, G4122T = DSM 2974T = CCUG 69496T = CIP 111192T), respectively. Finally, the new species Elizabethkingia occulta sp. nov. (type strain G4070T = DSM 2976T = CCUG 69505T = CIP 111193T), is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ainsley C Nicholson
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA.
| | - Christopher A Gulvik
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Anne M Whitney
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Ben W Humrighouse
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - James Graziano
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Brian Emery
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Melissa Bell
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Vladimir Loparev
- Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Phalasy Juieng
- Division of Scientific Resources, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Jarrett Gartin
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
| | - Chantal Bizet
- Microbiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Collection de L'Institut Pasteur (CIP), Paris, France
| | - Dominique Clermont
- Microbiology Department, Institut Pasteur, Collection de L'Institut Pasteur (CIP), Paris, France
| | - Alexis Criscuolo
- Institut Pasteur - Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub - C3BI, USR 3756 IP CNRS, Paris, France
| | - Sylvain Brisse
- Microbial Evolutionary Genomics, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,CNRS, UMR 3525, Paris, France.,Institut Pasteur, Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Bacterial Pathogens, Paris, France
| | - John R McQuiston
- Special Bacteriology Reference Laboratory, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, 30333, USA
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Abstract
AIMS We explored the relation between mothers' protective attachment strategies and those of their school-age children. METHODS In total, 49 child-mother dyads participated in a short longitudinal study when the children were 5.5 and 6.0 years old. Their strategies were first assessed with the Preschool Assessment of Attachment (PAA) and then with the School-age Assessment of Attachment (SAA). Mothers were assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI). The Dynamic-Maturational Model of Attachment and Adaptation (DMM) was used to classify the assessments. RESULTS The validity and precision of the DMM-AAI were supported: Mothers' AAI classifications were related to their referral group (normative or clinical) and measures of stress and distress. The DMM categories were more associated with risk than the Ainsworth categories. Types A, C and A/C were differentiated by trauma, triangulation and depression. Mothers' and children's protective attachment strategies were related, with B mothers having B children and A or C mothers having children using the same or opposite strategy. Children whose classification changed from the PAA to the SAA had mothers with complex traumas. CONCLUSION When psychosocial treatment is needed, knowing whether mother and child use the same or different strategies and whether mothers have complex trauma can affect treatment success.
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Crittenden PM, Heller MB. The Roots of Chronic Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: Childhood Trauma, Information Processing, and Self-protective Strategies. Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks) 2017; 1:2470547016682965. [PMID: 32440576 PMCID: PMC7219921 DOI: 10.1177/2470547016682965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although childhood endangerment often precedes adult posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the mechanism from danger to disorder is unclear. We proposed a developmental process in which unprotected and uncomforted danger in childhood would be associated with "shortcuts" in information processing that, in adulthood, could result in PTSD if the adult experienced additional exposure to danger. Information processing was defined as the basic associative, dissociative, and integrative processes used by all humans. Individual differences in parents' (or primary caregivers') protective and comforting behavior were expected to force unprotected children to use psychological shortcuts that linked early trauma to later vulnerability for PTSD. METHOD We compared 22 adults with chronic PTSD to (a) 22 adults with other psychiatric diagnoses and (b) 22 normative adults without any diagnosis, in terms of information processing around childhood danger. The Adult Attachment Interview was used to derive information processing variables, including self-protective strategies, childhood traumas, and depression. RESULTS The two patient groups differed from the normative group on all variables. Adults with chronic PTSD differed from other psychiatric patients in having more childhood traumas and using more transformations of associative and dissociative processes. Within the PTSD group, there were three psychologically different subgroups. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that (1) prediction of risk for adult PTSD may be possible, (2) treatment might be facilitated by provision of a protective and supportive therapist, (3) who included a focus on correction of information processing errors and use of more adaptive strategies, and (4) subgroups of adults with PTSD may require different forms of treatment.
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Reiner I, Bakermans-Kranenburg MJ, Van IJzendoorn MH, Fremmer-Bombik E, Beutel M. Adult attachment representation moderates psychotherapy treatment efficacy in clinically depressed inpatients. J Affect Disord 2016; 195:163-71. [PMID: 26896809 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored in a sample of clinically depressed patients the influence of attachment security and unresolved trauma on psychotherapeutic outcome as well as changes in attachment representation through psychotherapeutic intervention. METHODS The sample consisted of 85 women (aged 19-52), 43 clinically depressed patients from a psychosomatic inpatient unit, and 42 healthy control subjects matched for age and education. Average length of hospitalization in the patient group was eight weeks. Attachment representations were assessed with the Adult Attachment Interview at the time of admission (baseline) and at discharge. Depressive symptoms were measured using the PHQ-9 at T1 and T2. RESULTS Insecure attachment representations were overrepresented in depressed patients. Treatment effects were moderated by baseline attachment representation: patients with higher attachment security scores at admission benefited more from the inpatient treatment and were less depressed at time of discharge than less secure patients (η(2)=.07). Generally, attachment security increased (η(2)=.19) and depressive symptoms decreased (η(2)=.23) after inpatient psychotherapy treatment in the patient group. No significant effects for unresolved symptoms were found. LIMITATIONS The study is not a randomized controlled study, but used a quasi-experimental matched control group design with female subjects only. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that attachment representations play a major role in both the development and treatment of clinical depression. Baseline attachment security may influence psychotherapeutic outcome, perhaps through relational factors such as therapeutic working alliance. Inpatient psychotherapy may also need to address psychological issues associated with depression such as attachment insecurity.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Reiner
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - M J Bakermans-Kranenburg
- Center for Child and Family Studies, Rommert Casimir Institute for Developmental Psychopathology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - M H Van IJzendoorn
- Center for Child and Family Studies, Rommert Casimir Institute for Developmental Psychopathology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9555, 2300 RB Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - E Fremmer-Bombik
- Clinic for Child Psychiatry, Psychosomatic and Psychotherapy, Universitätsstraße 84, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - M Beutel
- University Medical Center Mainz, Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Untere Zahlbacher Str. 8, 55131 Mainz, Germany
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Yaseen ZS, Zhang X, Muran JC, Winston A, Galynker II. Comparison of Brain Activity Correlating with Self-Report versus Narrative Attachment Measures during Conscious Appraisal of an Attachment Figure. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:90. [PMID: 27014022 PMCID: PMC4789543 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) has been the gold standard of attachment assessment, but requires special training. The Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) is a widely used self-report measure. We investigate how each correlates with brain activity during appraisal of subjects' mothers. METHODS Twenty-eight women were scored on the AAI, RSQ, and mood measures. During functional magnetic resonance imaging, subjects viewed their mothers in neutral-, valence-, and salience-rating conditions. We identified regions where contrasts in brain activity between appraisal and neutral viewing conditions correlated with each measure of attachment after covarying for mood. AAI and RSQ measures were then compared in terms of the extent to which regions of correlating brain activity overlapped with "default mode network" (DMN) vs. executive frontal network (EFN) masks and cortical vs. subcortical masks. Additionally, interactions with mood were examined. RESULTS Salience and valence processing associated with increased thalamo-striatal, posterior cingulate, and visual cortex activity. Salience processing decreased PFC activity, whereas valence processing increased left insula activity. Activity correlating with AAI vs. RSQ measures demonstrated significantly more DMN and subcortical involvement. Interactions with mood were observed in the middle temporal gyrus and precuneus for both measures. CONCLUSION The AAI appears to disproportionately correlate with conscious appraisal associated activity in DMN and subcortical structures, while the RSQ appears to tap EFN structures more extensively. Thus, the AAI may assess more interoceptive, 'core-self'-related processes, while the RSQ captures higher-order cognitions involved in attachment. Shared interaction effects between mood and AAI and RSQ-measures may suggest that processes tapped by each belong to a common system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimri S. Yaseen
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Beth IsraelNew York, NY, USA
| | - Xian Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale School of MedicineNew Haven, CT, USA
| | - J. Christopher Muran
- Department of Psychology, Derner Institute, Adelphi UniversityGarden City, NY, USA
| | - Arnold Winston
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Beth IsraelNew York, NY, USA
| | - Igor I. Galynker
- Department of Psychiatry, Mount Sinai Beth IsraelNew York, NY, USA
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Kuipers GS, van Loenhout Z, van der Ark LA, Bekker MHJ. Attachment insecurity, mentalization and their relation to symptoms in eating disorder patients. Attach Hum Dev 2016; 18:250-72. [PMID: 26812372 DOI: 10.1080/14616734.2015.1136660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the relationships of attachment security and mentalization with core and co-morbid symptoms in eating disorder patients. METHOD We compared 51 eating disorder patients at the start of intensive treatment and 20 healthy controls on attachment, mentalization, eating disorder symptoms, depression, anxiety, personality disorders, psycho-neuroticism, autonomy problems and self-injurious behavior, using the Adult Attachment Interview, the SCID-I and II and several questionnaires. RESULTS Compared with the controls, the eating disorder patients showed a higher prevalence of insecure attachment; eating disorder patients more often than controls received the AAI classification Unresolved for loss or abuse. They also had a lower level of mentalization and more autonomy problems. In the patient group eating disorder symptoms, depression, anxiety, psycho-neuroticism and autonomy problems were neither related to attachment security nor to mentalization; self-injurious behavior was associated with lesser attachment security and lower mentalization; borderline personality disorder was related to lower mentalization. In the control group no relations were found between attachment, mentalization and psychopathologic variables. DISCUSSION Eating disorder patients' low level of mentalization suggests the usefulness of Mentalization Based Treatment techniques for eating disorder treatment, especially in case of self-injurious behavior and/or co-morbid borderline personality disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greet S Kuipers
- a GGZ Breburg, Unit for Eating Disorders , Tilburg , The Netherlands
| | - Zara van Loenhout
- a GGZ Breburg, Unit for Eating Disorders , Tilburg , The Netherlands
| | - L Andries van der Ark
- b Research Institute of Child Development and Education , University of Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Marrie H J Bekker
- c Department of Medical and Clinical Psychology , Tilburg University , Tilburg , The Netherlands
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Abstract
As a part of an ongoing clinical study of refugees with post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), the primary objective of the current study was to examine and describe the distribution of adult attachment patterns as assessed by the Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) in Arabic-speaking refugees. A total of 43 adult male and female refugees with Iraqi and Palestinian backgrounds completed the AAI. Sixty-seven percent of the sample was classified as Unresolved with respect to loss or trauma and a substantial proportion of insecure attachment representations (14% Secure-Autonomous, 39% Dismissing, 42% Preoccupied, 5% Cannot Classify) was found, in addition to high intake levels of post traumatic stress symptoms and comorbidity. Findings are compared with AAI studies of other PTSD or trauma samples, and the paper elaborates upon the methodological challenges in administering the AAI in a context of simultaneous translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Riber
- a Department of Psychology , University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen , Denmark.,b Competence Center for Transcultural Psychiatry , Copenhagen , Denmark
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Abstract
Why is it easy for some people to play together and difficult for others? In this interdisciplinary pilot study, we looked at dyadic interaction in motion as a paradigm to explore the expression of attachment in adulthood. We used a device that gives simple, quantitative and automated indicators for the quality of interaction while playing the mirror game. Forty-seven participants played the mirror game with the same gender-matched expert players. In addition, participants were interviewed on the Adult Attachment Interview to assess their quality of attachment. Using high resolution kinematic measures, we found that secure attachment was correlated with high complexity of the game and low synchrony compared to insecure attachment. The findings suggest that security of attachment is related to a more exploratory and less rigid game than insecure-dismissing attachment. These preliminary findings imply that high resolution analysis of simple movement interaction could carry information about attachment behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rinat Feniger-Schaal
- a Emili Sagol Creative Arts Therapies Research Center , University of Haifa , Haifa , Israel.,b The Theatre Lab , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
| | - Lior Noy
- b The Theatre Lab , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel.,c Department of Molecular Cell Biology , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
| | - Yuval Hart
- b The Theatre Lab , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel.,c Department of Molecular Cell Biology , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
| | - Nina Koren-Karie
- d The Center for the Study of Child Development , Haifa University , Haifa , Israel
| | - Avraham E Mayo
- b The Theatre Lab , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel.,c Department of Molecular Cell Biology , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
| | - Uri Alon
- b The Theatre Lab , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel.,c Department of Molecular Cell Biology , Weizmann Institute of Science , Rehovot , Israel
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Lenzi D, Trentini C, Tambelli R, Pantano P. Neural basis of attachment-caregiving systems interaction: insights from neuroimaging studies. Front Psychol 2015; 6:1241. [PMID: 26379578 PMCID: PMC4547017 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The attachment and the caregiving system are complementary systems which are active simultaneously in infant and mother interactions. This ensures the infant survival and optimal social, emotional, and cognitive development. In this brief review we first define the characteristics of these two behavioral systems and the theory that links them, according to what Bowlby called the “attachment-caregiving social bond” (Bowlby, 1969). We then follow with those neuroimaging studies that have focused on this particular issue, i.e., those which have studied the activation of the careging system in women (using infant stimuli) and have explored how the individual attachment model (through the Adult Attachment Interview) modulates its activity. Studies report altered activation in limbic and prefrontal areas and in basal ganglia and hypothalamus/pituitary regions. These altered activations are thought to be the neural substrate of the attachment-caregiving systems interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delia Lenzi
- Dipartimento di Neurologia e Psichiatria, Univeristà Sapienza Rome, Italy ; IRCCS San Raffaele La Pisana Rome, Italy ; Centro di Terapia Metacognitiva Interpersonale Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Trentini
- Dipartimento di Psicologia Dinamica e Clinica, Univeristà Sapienza Rome, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Pantano
- Dipartimento di Neurologia e Psichiatria, Univeristà Sapienza Rome, Italy ; IRCCS Neuromed Rome, Italy
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Lu JG, Pensiero A, Aponte-Patel L, Velez de Villa B, Rusanov A, Cheng B, Cabreriza SE, Spotnitz HM. Short-term reduction in intrinsic heart rate during biventricular pacing after cardiac surgery: a substudy of a randomized clinical trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2013; 146:1494-500. [PMID: 24075465 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2013.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2013] [Accepted: 06/27/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Biventricular Pacing After Cardiac Surgery trial investigates hemodynamics of temporary pacing in selected patients at risk of left ventricular dysfunction. This trial demonstrates improved hemodynamics during optimized biventricular pacing compared with atrial pacing at the same heart rate 1 and 2 hours after bypass and reduced vasoactive-inotropic score over the first 4 hours after bypass. However, this advantage of biventricular versus atrial pacing disappears 12 to 24 hours later. We hypothesized that changes in intrinsic heart rate can explain variable effects of atrial pacing in this setting. METHODS Heart rate, mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and medications depressing heart rate were analyzed in patients randomized to continuous biventricular pacing (n = 16) or standard of care (n = 18). RESULTS During 30-second testing periods without pacing, intrinsic heart rate was lower in the paced group 12 to 24 hours after bypass (76.5 ± 17.5 vs 91.7 ± 13.0 beats per minute; P = .040) but not 1 or 2 hours after bypass. Cardiac output (4.4 ± 1.2 vs 3.6 ± 1.9 L/min; P = .054) and stroke volume (53 ± 2 vs 42 ± 2 mL; P = .051) increased overnight in the paced group. Vasoactive medication doses were not different between groups, whereas dexmedetomidine administration was prolonged over postoperative hours 12 to 24 in the paced group (793 ± 528 vs 478 ± 295 minutes; P = .013). CONCLUSIONS These observations suggest that hemodynamic benefits of biventricular pacing 12 to 24 hours after cardiopulmonary bypass lead to withdrawal of sympathetic drive and decreased intrinsic heart rate. Depression of intrinsic rate increases the apparent benefit of atrial pacing in the chronically paced group but not in the control group. Additional study is needed to define clinical benefits of these effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajie G Lu
- Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY
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Wang F, Liu J, Hong L, Liang B, Graff C, Yang Y, Christiansen M, Olesen SP, Zhang L, Kanters JK. The phenotype characteristics of type 13 long QT syndrome with mutation in KCNJ5 (Kir3.4-G387R). Heart Rhythm 2013; 10:1500-6. [PMID: 23872692 DOI: 10.1016/j.hrthm.2013.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Long QT syndrome type 13 (LQT13) is caused by loss-of-function mutation in the KCNJ5-encoded cardiac G-protein-coupled inward rectifier potassium channel subtype 4 protein. The electrocardiographic (ECG) features of LQT13 are not described yet. OBJECTIVE To describe for the first time in detail the phenotype-genotype relationship of the ECG and clinical features in patients with LQT13. METHODS The 12-lead ECGs, 24-hour Holter recordings, and clinical information from KCNJ5-G387R mutation carriers of a fourth-generation Han Chinese family with LQT13 and a group of healthy Chinese individuals were analyzed. RESULTS Compared with the analysis of the healthy group (n = 8), age- and sex-matched pair analysis revealed that the mutation carriers (n = 8) had ventricular repolarization abnormality results in the prolongation of corrected QT and QTpeak intervals (P < .01); greater combined measure of repolarization morphology (T-wave morphology combination score) based on asymmetry, flatness, and notch (P < .01); and reduced low frequency/high frequency ratio of heart rate variability (P < .01) as a reflection of cardiac autonomic imbalance. Mean heart rate, time domain parameters of heart rate variability, time interval from T-wave peak to T-wave end, and T-wave amplitude were similar. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates for the first time the ECG features of patients with LQT13. Our data suggest that QTpeak intervals and T-wave morphology combination score may be the better parameters than the corrected QT interval to predict the phenotype-genotype relationship in patients with LQT13.
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Zhang YY, Wu DY, Fu NK, Lu FM, Xu J. Neuroendocrine and haemodynamic changes in single-lead atrial pacing and dual-chamber pacing modes. J Int Med Res 2013; 41:1057-66. [PMID: 23816931 DOI: 10.1177/0300060513489798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Neuroendocrine and haemodynamic changes were compared between single-lead atrial (AAI) or dual-chamber (DDD) pacing modes in patients with sick sinus syndrome, in a crossover study. METHODS Inpatients scheduled for their first pacemaker implantation were screened for the following inclusion criteria: sick sinus syndrome; intact atrioventricular conduction; normal QRS interval. All study patients were implanted with a dual-chamber pacemaker, programmed for AAI or DDD pacing mode. Patients were allocated randomly to AAI followed by DDD pacing or to DDD followed by AAI pacing, each mode being applied for 72 h. Echocardiographic, electrocardiographic and neuroendocrine parameters were tested at the end of each pacing mode. RESULTS From 152 inpatients screened for inclusion, 28 were selected for treatment. Plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), endothelin, aldosterone and angiotension II were significantly lower, and aortic flow velocity-time integral was significantly higher, in AAI mode than in DDD mode. Aortic pre-ejection interval, interventricular mechanical delay and QRS duration were significantly higher in DDD than in AAI mode. CONCLUSIONS In patients with sick sinus syndrome, DDD pacing mode can induce neuroendocrine system activation, and left ventricular dysfunction and dyssynchrony. These findings discourage the routine use of DDD pacing in patients with sick sinus syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-ying Zhang
- Graduate School of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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