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Mahumud RA, Sultana M, Gow J, Rahman MA, Uddin KF, Kamal M, Alam K, Dawson A, Law CK. Association of dietary risks, behavioural and lifestyle factors, and the magnitude of disability burden among Australian cancer patients: An observational epidemiology study. Cancer Epidemiol 2022; 78:102161. [PMID: 35447539 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2022.102161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer patients are confronted with a variety of other health-related issues, including physical disability, poor quality of life, and psychological challenges. This study aims to quantify the association of dietary, behavioural and lifestyle risk factors and comorbidities on the magnitude and distribution of disability burden among cancer patients in Australia. METHODS This study comprised a sample of 2283 cancer patients drawn from the latest nationwide Australian National Health Survey conducted in 2017-18. Negative binomial regression models were used to estimate the incidence rate ratio (IRR) of the number of disabilities and its associations. RESULTS Forty-five percent of cancer patients experienced at least one disability. The magnitude of disability was significantly associated with sugar-sweetened drink consumption ≥ 3 days per week (IRR= 1.12, 95% CI: 1.02-1.26), a lack of physical activity (IRR = 1.69, 1.38-2.07), frequent or regular alcohol consumption (IRR = 1.95, 1.84-2.08), poor health status (IRR = 1.99, 1.78-2.24) and the presence of five or more chronic comorbid conditions (IRR = 3.59, 2.90-4.46). Cancer patients who consumed vegetables at least two or more times per day had a 10% lower risk of disability burden (IRR = 0.90, 0.82-0.99). CONCLUSIONS This study shows the association of diet, behavioural, and lifestyle risk factors on the degree of disability burden among cancer patients, highlighting the need for bold and effective policies. The findings will inform the implementation of evidence-based lifestyle interventions and offer a foundation for evaluating their influence on cancer survivors' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia.
| | - Marufa Sultana
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jeff Gow
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Md Ashfikur Rahman
- Development Studies Discipline, Khulna University, Khulna 9208, Bangladesh
| | - Khandakar Farid Uddin
- School of Social Sciences, Western Sydney University, Penrith Campus, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mostafa Kamal
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia
| | - Khorshed Alam
- Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Angela Dawson
- The Australian Centre for Public and Population Health Research, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Chi Kin Law
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, Sydney, New South Wales 2050, Australia
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Dong C, Bu X, Liu J, Wei L, Ma A, Wang T. Cardiovascular disease burden attributable to dietary risk factors from 1990 to 2019: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2022; 32:897-907. [PMID: 35067445 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Dietary risks have always been a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), especially in young people. This article aimed to provide an updated and comprehensive view of the spatial, temporal and sexual heterogeneity in diet-attributable CVD burdens from 1990 to 2019. METHODS AND RESULTS Data on diet-attributable CVD burdens were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019. Numbers and age-standardized rates (ASRs) of deaths, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and corresponding estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) were determined. Globally, the number of diet-attributable CVD deaths and DALYs in 2019 were 6.9 million and 153.2 million, marking 43.8% and 34.3% increases since 1990, respectively. However, ASRs of death and DALYs have declined over time. The regions with the highest ASRs of diet-related CVD deaths and DALYs were in Central Asia, whereas the lowest ASRs of CVD deaths and DALYs were observed in the high-income Asia Pacific region. Globally, men suffered higher death and DALY burdens than women. Ischemic heart disease and stroke were the leading causes of CVD deaths and DALYs, globally. Regarding the specific diet group, diets low in whole grains, high in sodium, low in fruits, low in nuts and seeds, low in vegetables and low in seafood omega-3 fatty acids contributed to CVD deaths and DALYs the most. Dietary risks accounted for a higher proportion in people aged less than 65 years old. CONCLUSIONS Diet-attributable CVDs threaten public health, particularly in low SDI countries and younger generations. As diet-related CVDs are nation-specific, the prioritization of public health interventions should be evidence-based.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijuan Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Xiang Bu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Linyan Wei
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - Aiqun Ma
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shaanxi Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
| | - Tingzhong Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China; Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Shaanxi Province, PR China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, PR China.
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Lu C, Lu Z, Lin S, Dai W, Zhang Q. Neonicotinoid insecticides in the drinking water system - Fate, transportation, and their contributions to the overall dietary risks. Environ Pollut 2020; 258:113722. [PMID: 31864920 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Neonicotinoids (Neonics) have become the most widely used insecticides around the world in recent years. Due to the hydrophilic character, neonics are emerging contaminants in drinking water. In this study, we aimed to characterize and quantify the fate and transport of neonics in the drinking water treatment system and their contributions to the overall dietary risks. Seven neonics in 97 surface and drinking water samples in the city of Hangzhou, China were analyzed. The relative potency factor method was adopted in order to calculate the total neonics concentrations. We then used the Monte Carlo simulation to calculate the chronic daily intake (CDI) of total neonics from water consumption. All 16 surface water samples collected from two rivers contained at least two neonics, and more than 93% of those contained 3 or more neonics. Imidacloprid was detected in all 16 surface water samples, followed by clothianidin and acetamiprid with average concentrations of 11.9, 7.6, 17.6 ng L-1, respectively. The drinking water treatment plants removed approximately 50% of neonics from surface water. However, 68 out of 71 tap water samples that we collected from the household faucets contained at least one neonic, with the highest average concentrations of 5.8 ng L-1 for acetamiprid. The maximum of CDIs of total neonics from water consumption for adult and children were 10.2 and 12.4 ng kg-1 d-1, respectively, which are significantly lower than the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The results presented here shown drinking water consumption only represented an insignificant portion of dietary risks of total neonics, mainly due to the modern drinking water treatment technologies that are capable of removing significant amount of neonics from drinking water. However, the ubiquity of neonics in the drinking water sources to kitchen faucets, should be a concern for public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chensheng Lu
- College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, 400715, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbiao Lu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Lin
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
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Allara E, Angelini P, Gorini G, Bosi S, Carreras G, Gozzi C, Martini A, Tamelli M, Punreddy RR, Faggiano F. Effects of a prevention program on multiple health-compromising behaviours in adolescence: A cluster randomized controlled trial. Prev Med 2019; 124:1-10. [PMID: 30981750 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effectiveness of 'Paesaggi di Prevenzione', a school-based prevention program delivered by trained teachers and designed to tackle smoking, alcohol misuse, dietary risks, and physical inactivity in adolescence. We evaluated the program between 2010 and 2013 with a two-arm, parallel-group, multicentre cluster randomized controlled trial in which schools were the units of randomization. We collected data on health-compromising behaviours using self-reported measurements of behaviour frequency administered before and after program implementation. We used multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models to estimate program effects on health-compromising behaviours. The analysis sample included 3410 middle school students and 1651 high school students. Among middle school students, mean age at baseline was 12 years (standard deviation [SD] 0.5 years), 51% were boys, and 41% had high socioeconomic status [SES] (defined as having at least one parent/guardian with university level education). In high school students, mean age at baseline was 14 years (SD 0.7 years), 56% were boys, and 31% had high SES. The program did not have effects on smoking, alcohol misuse, and physical activity. The program had iatrogenic effects in regard to some eating behaviours, resulting in (i) lower odds of fruit consumption among middle-school students (odds ratio [OR] 0.82; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.68-0.99) and (ii) lower odds of having breakfast every day in high-school students at the post-intervention measurement (OR 0.76; 95%CI 0.58-0.99) but not at one-year follow-up (OR 0.94; 95%CI 0.69-1.28). Due to the possibility of unintended effects, we advise against disseminating 'Paesaggi di Prevenzione' in its present form. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN00953701.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Allara
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
| | - Paola Angelini
- Public Health Unit, Emilia-Romagna Regional Authority, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Section, Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Bosi
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Carreras
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Section, Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Gozzi
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Martini
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Section, Oncologic Network, Prevention and Research Institute (ISPRO), Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Tamelli
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Faggiano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Melaku YA, Wassie MM, Gill TK, Zhou SJ, Tessema GA, Amare AT, Lakew Y, Hiruye A, Bekele TH, Worku A, Seid O, Endris K, Lemma F, Tesfay FH, Yirsaw BD, Deribe K, Adams R, Shi Z, Misganaw A, Deribew A. Burden of disease attributable to suboptimal diet, metabolic risks and low physical activity in Ethiopia and comparison with Eastern sub-Saharan African countries, 1990-2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:552. [PMID: 29699588 PMCID: PMC5922000 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5438-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Twelve of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are related to malnutrition (both under- and overnutrition), other behavioral, and metabolic risk factors. However, comparative evidence on the impact of behavioral and metabolic risk factors on disease burden is limited in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), including Ethiopia. Using data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study, we assessed mortality and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to child and maternal undernutrition (CMU), dietary risks, metabolic risks and low physical activity for Ethiopia. The results were compared with 14 other Eastern SSA countries. METHODS Databases from GBD 2015, that consist of data from 1990 to 2015, were used. A comparative risk assessment approach was utilized to estimate the burden of disease attributable to CMU, dietary risks, metabolic risks and low physical activity. Exposure levels of the risk factors were estimated using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression (ST-GPR) and Bayesian meta-regression models. RESULTS In 2015, there were 58,783 [95% uncertainty interval (UI): 43,653-76,020] or 8.9% [95% UI: 6.1-12.5] estimated all-cause deaths attributable to CMU, 66,269 [95% UI: 39,367-106,512] or 9.7% [95% UI: 7.4-12.3] to dietary risks, 105,057 [95% UI: 66,167-157,071] or 15.4% [95% UI: 12.8-17.6] to metabolic risks and 5808 [95% UI: 3449-9359] or 0.9% [95% UI: 0.6-1.1] to low physical activity in Ethiopia. While the age-adjusted proportion of all-cause mortality attributable to CMU decreased significantly between 1990 and 2015, it increased from 10.8% [95% UI: 8.8-13.3] to 14.5% [95% UI: 11.7-18.0] for dietary risks and from 17.0% [95% UI: 15.4-18.7] to 24.2% [95% UI: 22.2-26.1] for metabolic risks. In 2015, Ethiopia ranked among the top four countries (of 15 Eastern SSA countries) in terms of mortality and DALYs based on the age-standardized proportion of disease attributable to dietary and metabolic risks. CONCLUSIONS In Ethiopia, while there was a decline in mortality and DALYs attributable to CMU over the last two and half decades, the burden attributable to dietary and metabolic risks have increased during the same period. Lifestyle and metabolic risks of NCDs require more attention by the primary health care system of the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Adama Melaku
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, The University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Molla Mesele Wassie
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Public Health, The University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Tiffany K. Gill
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Shao Jia Zhou
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Faculty of Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Gizachew Assefa Tessema
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Azmeraw T. Amare
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
- Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, the University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yihunie Lakew
- Ethiopian Public Health Association, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiy Hiruye
- Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tesfaye Hailu Bekele
- Food Science and Nutrition Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institue, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Worku
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Oumer Seid
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Kedir Endris
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Ferew Lemma
- Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Fisaha Haile Tesfay
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
- Flinders University, Southgate Institute for Health, Society and Equity, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Kebede Deribe
- Wellcome Trust Brighton and Sussex Centre for Global Health Research, Brighton and Sussex Medical School, Brighton, BN1 9PX UK
- School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Robert Adams
- Health Observatory, Discipline of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Zumin Shi
- Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Human Nutrition Department, College of Health Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Awoke Misganaw
- Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
| | - Amare Deribew
- Nutrition International, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- St. Paul Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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6
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Melaku YA, Temesgen AM, Deribew A, Tessema GA, Deribe K, Sahle BW, Abera SF, Bekele T, Lemma F, Amare AT, Seid O, Endris K, Hiruye A, Worku A, Adams R, Taylor AW, Gill TK, Shi Z, Afshin A, Forouzanfar MH. The impact of dietary risk factors on the burden of non-communicable diseases in Ethiopia: findings from the Global Burden of Disease study 2013. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:122. [PMID: 27978839 PMCID: PMC5159959 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0447-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) has increased in sub-Saharan countries, including Ethiopia. The contribution of dietary behaviours to the NCD burden in Ethiopia has not been evaluated. This study, therefore, aimed to assess diet-related burden of disease in Ethiopia between 1990 and 2013. Method We used the 2013 Global Burden of Disease (GBD) data to estimate deaths, years of life lost (YLLs) and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) related to eight food types, five nutrients and fibre intake. Dietary exposure was estimated using a Bayesian hierarchical meta-regression. The effect size of each diet-disease pair was obtained based on meta-analyses of prospective observational studies and randomized controlled trials. A comparative risk assessment approach was used to quantify the proportion of NCD burden associated with dietary risk factors. Results In 2013, dietary factors were responsible for 60,402 deaths (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI]: 44,943-74,898) in Ethiopia—almost a quarter (23.0%) of all NCD deaths. Nearly nine in every ten diet-related deaths (88.0%) were from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and 44.0% of all CVD deaths were related to poor diet. Suboptimal diet accounted for 1,353,407 DALYs (95% UI: 1,010,433-1,672,828) and 1,291,703 YLLs (95% UI: 961,915-1,599,985). Low intake of fruits and vegetables and high intake of sodium were the most important dietary factors. The proportion of NCD deaths associated with low fruit consumption slightly increased (11.3% in 1990 and 11.9% in 2013). In these years, the rate of burden of disease related to poor diet slightly decreased; however, their contribution to NCDs remained stable. Conclusions Dietary behaviour contributes significantly to the NCD burden in Ethiopia. Intakes of diet low in fruits and vegetables and high in sodium are the leading dietary risks. To effectively mitigate the oncoming NCD burden in Ethiopia, multisectoral interventions are required; and nutrition policies and dietary guidelines should be developed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0447-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohannes Adama Melaku
- School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia. .,Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
| | | | - Amare Deribew
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Kilifi, Kenya.,Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,St. Paul Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Gizachew Assefa Tessema
- Department of Reproductive Health, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.,School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Kebede Deribe
- Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton, UK.,School of Public Health, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.,Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Berhe W Sahle
- School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.,Centre of Cardiovascular Research & Education in Therapeutics, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Semaw Ferede Abera
- School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia.,Institute of Biological Chemistry and Nutrition, Hohenheim University, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Tolesa Bekele
- Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University, Bale Goba, Ethiopia
| | - Ferew Lemma
- Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Azmeraw T Amare
- Discipline of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia.,School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.,Department of Epidemiology, University Medical Center Groningen, the University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Oumer Seid
- School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Kedir Endris
- School of Public Health, Mekelle University, Mekelle, Ethiopia
| | - Abiy Hiruye
- Federal Ministry of Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Amare Worku
- Department of Public Health, Addis Continental Institute of Public Health, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Robert Adams
- Health observatory, Discipline of Medicine, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital Campus, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Anne W Taylor
- Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Tiffany K Gill
- Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zumin Shi
- Population Research and Outcome Studies, School of Medicine, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ashkan Afshin
- Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, USA
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Eqani SAMAS, Cincinelli A, Mehmood A, Malik RN, Zhang G. Occurrence, bioaccumulation and risk assessment of dioxin-like PCBs along the Chenab river, Pakistan. Environ Pollut 2015; 206:688-695. [PMID: 26342456 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2015.08.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the occurrence, distribution and dietary risks of seven dl-PCBs (dioxin-like PCBs) in eleven collected fish species from Chenab river, Pakistan. ∑7dl-PCBs (ng g(-1), wet weight) burden was species-specific and the maximum average concentrations were found in Mastacembelus armatus (5.43), and Rita rita (5.1). Correlation of each dl-PCBs with δ(15)N%, indicated a food chain accumulation process of these chemicals into Chenab river, Pakistan. Species-specific toxicity of each dl-PCBs (WHO-PCBs TEQ) was calculated and higher values were found in three carnivore fish species i.e., M. armatus (2.5 pg TEQ g(-1)), R. rita (2.47 pg TEQ g(-1)), Securicola gora (2.98 pg TEQ g(-1)) and herbivore fish species i.e., Cirrhinus mrigala (2.44 pg TEQ g(-1)). The EDI (Estimated Daily Intake) values in most cases exceeded the WHO benchmark (4 pg WHO-TEQ kg(-1) bw d(-1)) evidencing a potential health risk for consumers via fish consumption from Chenab river.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy; Istituto per la Dinamica dei Processi Ambientali (CNR-IDPA), Venezia, Italy
| | - Adeel Mehmood
- State Key Lab of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Organic Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Riffat Naseem Malik
- Environmental Biology and Ecotoxicology Laboratory, Department of Environmental Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Lab of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Organic Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, PR China
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8
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Allara E, Angelini P, Gorini G, Bosi S, Carreras G, Gozzi C, Martini A, Tamelli M, Storani S, Faggiano F. A prevention program for multiple health-compromising behaviors in adolescence: baseline results from a cluster randomized controlled trial. Prev Med 2015; 71:20-6. [PMID: 25500201 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the design and present the baseline findings of the evaluation study of 'Paesaggi di Prevenzione', a school-based prevention program tackling smoking, alcohol misuse, dietary risks, and physical inactivity in 12- to 14-year-olds. METHODS The program was implemented from January 2011 to April 2012 in Emilia-Romagna, Italy, and comprised classroom activities and school-wide policies. A two-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was designed. Schools were the units of randomization and were matched by socioeconomic status, size, and type. RESULTS Data from 4700 middle school students and 2952 high school students were collected anonymously from October to December 2010. Past-30-day smoking prevalence was 1.9% among middle school students and 20.8% among high school students. Past-30-day prevalence of alcohol intoxication was 2.2% among middle school students and 11.4% among high school students. A total of 39.7% of middle school students and 48.0% of high school students drank sugar-sweetened beverages four or more times per week; 7.5% of middle school students and 7.1% of high school students had intense physical activity every day. CONCLUSIONS This study seems adequately powered and baseline variables appear evenly distributed between study groups. Findings are in line with those of the WHO Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elias Allara
- Department of Translational Medicine, Avogadro University, Novara, Italy; School of Public Health, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
| | - Paola Angelini
- Public Health Unit, Emilia-Romagna Regional Authority, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gorini
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Sandra Bosi
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Giulia Carreras
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Gozzi
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Andrea Martini
- Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Unit, Cancer Prevention and Research Institute (ISPO), Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Tamelli
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Simone Storani
- Italian League against Cancer (LILT), Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Faggiano
- Department of Translational Medicine, Avogadro University, Novara, Italy
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