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Ohta K, Fujiki T, Yokoyama T, Maeda S, Inoue M, Sakazume S. Normal values for pediatric urinary biochemistry in early infancy. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:2507-2511. [PMID: 36735190 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03296-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urinary levels of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), α1-microglobulin (α1-MG), and β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) are measured as markers of renal tubular damage. We previously determined normal values for these urine biochemical examinations in healthy children over 3 years old. However, the values are not applicable to children younger than 2 years old, and children less than 1 year old, in particular, seem to show very high levels for all these markers. Hence, as normal values for children below 2 years old remain unclear, we determined the normal values for urinary biochemical markers in this age group. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fresh urine samples were obtained from 293 healthy children (from newborns to 2-year-old children). All the samples were subjected to normal urinalysis. NAG, α1-MG, β2-MG, and creatinine (Cr) levels in extracted samples were measured immediately in the central laboratory at Kanazawa Medical Center. RESULTS The normal values for each biomarker in children below 2 years of age were determined. Additionally, urinary α1-MG levels were observed to decrease most rapidly with age, almost reaching the level at ≥ 3 years by 6 months after birth. CONCLUSION Renal tubular function can be evaluated in children < 3 years old using the normal values. Further, the most stable and useful urinary marker from early infancy seems to be urinary α1-MG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhide Ohta
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Shimo-Ishibiki, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8650, Japan.
| | - Takuma Fujiki
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical University Hospital, Uchinada, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Tadafumi Yokoyama
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical, and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Shinji Maeda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infusion and Preventive Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mika Inoue
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Shimo-Ishibiki, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8650, Japan
| | - Shinobu Sakazume
- Department of Pediatrics, Kanazawa Medical Center, National Hospital Organization, 1-1 Shimo-Ishibiki, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8650, Japan
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Ruan JW, Liao YC, Chen PC, Chen YJ, Tsai YH, Tsai PJ, Yang YJ, Shieh CC, Lin YC, Chi CY. The composition of the maternal breastmilk microbiota influences the microbiota network structure during early infancy. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2023; 56:1084-1097. [PMID: 37544808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmii.2023.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE(S) Human breastmilk (BM) is important for microbiome maturation in infants across different body sites. Streptococcus and Staphylococcus are considered universally predominant genera in the BM microbiota. However, whether the differential abundance of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus in BM can differentially affect microbiome maturation in infants remains unclear. METHODS We recruited exclusively breastfeeding mothers from among the donors of the human milk bank established at National Cheng-Kung University Hospital. The donor mothers provided 35 BM samples at three months (3 M; before introducing children to complementary feeding) and 23 BM samples at six months (6 M; after introducing children to complementary feeding) postpartum. At both time points, samples from different body sites, including nasal swabs, oral swabs and stool, were collected from the mothers and their infants. RESULTS Maternal BMI was inversely associated with coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) abundance in breastmilk. Staphylococcus caprae representation in BM CoNS showed a negative correlation with Streptococcus abundance. Network analysis revealed that infants fed Staphylococcus-dominated BM had better gut and nasal microbiota networks than infants fed Streptococcus-abundant BM during early infancy. CONCLUSION Our work suggests that maternal metabolic status plays a crucial role in Staphylococcus/Streptococcus competition in BM, which in turn can impact the development of the infant microbiota. Our microbiota co-occurrence network analysis might serve as a helpful bioinformatic tool to monitor microbiota maturation during early infancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhen-Wei Ruan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Chu Liao
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chen Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Ju Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yi-Hsiu Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Jane Tsai
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yao-Jong Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Chang Shieh
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Yung-Chieh Lin
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Chia-Yu Chi
- Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan; National Institute of Infectious Disease and Vaccinology, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Miaoli, Taiwan; Department of Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Naik S, Adibpour P, Dubois J, Dehaene-Lambertz G, Battaglia D. Event-related variability is modulated by task and development. Neuroimage 2023; 276:120208. [PMID: 37268095 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2023.120208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In carefully designed experimental paradigms, cognitive scientists interpret the mean event-related potentials (ERP) in terms of cognitive operations. However, the huge signal variability from one trial to the next, questions the representability of such mean events. We explored here whether this variability is an unwanted noise, or an informative part of the neural response. We took advantage of the rapid changes in the visual system during human infancy and analyzed the variability of visual responses to central and lateralized faces in 2-to 6-month-old infants compared to adults using high-density electroencephalography (EEG). We observed that neural trajectories of individual trials always remain very far from ERP components, only moderately bending their direction with a substantial temporal jitter across trials. However, single trial trajectories displayed characteristic patterns of acceleration and deceleration when approaching ERP components, as if they were under the active influence of steering forces causing transient attraction and stabilization. These dynamic events could only partly be accounted for by induced microstate transitions or phase reset phenomena. Importantly, these structured modulations of response variability, both between and within trials, had a rich sequential organization, which in infants, was modulated by the task difficulty and age. Our approaches to characterize Event Related Variability (ERV) expand on classic ERP analyses and provide the first evidence for the functional role of ongoing neural variability in human infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Naik
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit U992, NeuroSpin Center, F-91190 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Parvaneh Adibpour
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit U992, NeuroSpin Center, F-91190 Gif/Yvette, France
| | - Jessica Dubois
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit U992, NeuroSpin Center, F-91190 Gif/Yvette, France; Université de Paris, NeuroDiderot, Inserm, F-75019 Paris, France
| | | | - Demian Battaglia
- Institute for System Neuroscience U1106, Aix-Marseille Université, F-13005 Marseille, France; University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Studies (USIAS), F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
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Fan P, Shen Q, Du O, Chen Y, Tang W, Ma J, Ma R, Zhang T, Luo ZC, Liu Z, Ouyang F. Urinary antibiotics concentrations, their related affecting factors and infant growth in the first 6 months of life: A prospective cohort study. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 2023; 262:115196. [PMID: 37506555 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic exposure even in low-dose could have potential adverse health effects, especially during early life. There is a lack of data on antibiotic burdens in early infancy. We aim to assess antibiotic exposure in infants from birth to 6 months of age, their related affecting factors and the association between antibiotic exposure and infancy growth. Urine samples were collected at ages of 3 days, 42 days, 3 months and 6 months from 197 term-born Chinese infants. A total of 33 representative antibiotics were measured by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Urinary antibiotics were detectable in 69.4%, 63.2%, 75.0% and 84.3% of infants at ages of 3 days, 42 days, 3 and 6 months, respectively. The dominant antibiotic categories detected were: Preferred as Veterinary Antibiotics (PVAs), Human Antibiotics (HAs), and Veterinary Antibiotics (VAs). The detectable rates were 30.6%, 45.8%, 58.9%, and 81.4% for PVAs, 34.1%, 20.8%, 28.6%, and 45.1% for HAs, and 36.5%, 12.5%, 6.3%, and 5.9% for VAs, at age 3 days, 42 days, 3 and 6 months, respectively. Urinary concentrations of HAs and preferred as human antibiotics (PHAs) in newborns at age 3 days were not associated with maternal intrapartum antibiotic prophylaxis. Similarly, no associations were observed between urinary antibiotics concentration and antibiotics use in infants at age 42 days or 6 months. The numbers and concentrations of urine detectable antibiotics were similar between infants with exclusive breastfeeding and infants fed with formula or mixed-feeding at all ages of 42 days, 3 and 6 months. At age of 42 days, infants in the low tertile of total antibiotics concentration or with one antibiotic detected had higher weight-for-length Z score and greater head circumference, compared to infants with no antibiotics detected. No associations were found between urinary antibiotics and any of the infant anthropometric measures at age 6 months. In conclusion, urinary antibiotics were detectable in most infants during the first 6 months of life, and PVAs, HAs and VAs were the most commonly detected antibiotics. This suggested the possibility of a foods-originated antibiotics exposure in children. No strong nor consistent associations were found between urinary antibiotic concentration and infant growth at the first six months of life. Still, attention is needed on the adverse health effect of early life exposure to antibiotics in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pianpian Fan
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianwen Shen
- Department of Neonatology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ouyang Du
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, USA
| | - Yuanzhi Chen
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Weifeng Tang
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinqian Ma
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Ma
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Luo
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Department of Neonatology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Tajima D, Nakamura T, Ichinose F, Okamoto N, Tomonoh Y, Uda K, Furukawa R, Tashiro K, Matsuo M. Transient hypoglycorrhachia with paroxysmal abnormal eye movement in early infancy. Brain Dev 2021; 43:482-485. [PMID: 33248857 DOI: 10.1016/j.braindev.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Paroxysmal abnormal eye movement in early infancy is one of the initial symptoms of glucose transporter 1 deficiency syndrome (GLUT1DS). We describe four early infants with transient hypoglycorrhachia presenting with abnormal eye movements. Their symptoms disappeared after the introduction of a ketogenic diet (KD), and their development was normal. Since no variants in SLC2A1 were detected, the CSF-to-blood glucose ratios (C/B) were re-examined, and within normal range. None of the four patients displayed recurrent symptoms after withdrawal from the KD. Because long-term KD has potential adverse effects and could affect the quality of life of patients and their families, re-examination of CSF glucose during late infancy should be considered in the case of absence of the SLC2A1 pathogenic variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Tajima
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Karatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan.
| | - Takuji Nakamura
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Fumio Ichinose
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Okamoto
- Department of Medical Genetics, Osaka Women's and Children's Hospital, Japan
| | - Yuko Tomonoh
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Japan
| | - Keiko Uda
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
| | - Rie Furukawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Karatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Katsuya Tashiro
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Karatsu Red Cross Hospital, Japan
| | - Muneaki Matsuo
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Japan
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Aneja S, Kumar P, Choudhary TS, Srivastava A, Chowdhury R, Taneja S, Bhandari N, Daniel A, Menon P, Chellani H, Bahl R, Bhan MK. Growth faltering in early infancy: highlights from a two-day scientific consultation. BMC Proc 2020; 14:12. [PMID: 32944069 PMCID: PMC7490870 DOI: 10.1186/s12919-020-00195-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Faltering of growth in early life has been recognized as a public health challenge among Indian babies. A two-day consultation on growth faltering in early infancy was organized to examine the data and evidence on identification and management of early growth failure and to identify knowledge gaps and future areas of research. The consultation was supported by the Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), the Indian Academy of Pediatrics (Nutrition Chapter), Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, and the Society for Applied Studies. It brought together researchers, clinicians, policy makers and program managers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satinder Aneja
- School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Kalawati Saran Children’s Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Tarun Shankar Choudhary
- Knowledge Integration and Translational Platform (KnIT) at the Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Akanksha Srivastava
- Knowledge Integration and Translational Platform (KnIT) at the Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Ranadip Chowdhury
- Knowledge Integration and Translational Platform (KnIT) at the Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunita Taneja
- Knowledge Integration and Translational Platform (KnIT) at the Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Nita Bhandari
- Knowledge Integration and Translational Platform (KnIT) at the Centre for Health Research and Development, Society for Applied Studies, New Delhi, India
| | - Abner Daniel
- Nutrition Section, UNICEF India Country Office, New Delhi, India
| | - Purnima Menon
- Poverty, Health, and Nutrition Division, International Food Policy Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Harish Chellani
- Department of Pediatrics, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajiv Bahl
- Department of Maternal, Newborn, Child and Adolescent Health, World Health Organisation, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Maharaj Kishan Bhan
- National Science Professor, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
- Knowledge Integration and Translational Platform (KnIT), Biotechnology Industry Research Assistance Council (BIRAC), New Delhi, India
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Allport-Altillo BS, Aqil AR, Nelson T, Johnson SB, Labrique AB, Carabas Y, Marcell AV. Parents' Perspectives on Supporting Father Involvement in African American Families During Pregnancy and Early Infancy. J Natl Med Assoc 2020; 112:344-361. [PMID: 32409095 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnma.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore fathers' pregnancy and early infancy experiences in supporting his infant, partner, and himself, using information collected from fathers, mothers, and mother-father dyads in a low-income, urban community. BACKGROUND Father involvement is associated with positive child health outcomes and parental well-being. However, little information exists about low-income parents' perceived needs for father involvement during pregnancy and infancy. METHODS This was an exploratory qualitative study of parents in low-income communities of Baltimore, Maryland. Participants were conveniently sampled via partnerships with community organizations. Eighty percent of parents were African American. Four focus groups were conducted with fathers (n = 8), 4 with mothers (n = 9), and 4 interviews with father-mother dyads (n = 8). Sessions were audio-recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using iterative, inductive open coding performed independently by two team members (interrater agreement 86%). Frequency tables were generated for identified categories for content analysis and theme development. RESULTS Five themes were identified: perspectives on the father role, supporting partners, negotiating co-parenting, parenting logistics, and learning parenting skills. Participants expressed the importance of fathers to "be there" and barriers to being involved (e.g., finances, lack of role models). Fathers discussed needing to learn how to manage partner conflicts, while mothers discussed fathers' need for greater empathy. Dyads discussed the importance of co-parenting strategies (e.g., effective communication, sharing responsibilities). Logistics included direct infant care, finances, and community resources. Fathers discussed learning by trial and error rather than informational resources and relying on healthcare professionals for pregnancy information and female relatives for infant care. CONCLUSION Participants discussed various needs of fathers to be effective partners and parents, and lacking informational resources tailored specifically for fathers. Research is needed to explore the best ways to tailor and disseminate information to fathers, especially prenatally. IMPLICATIONS Study findings have significant implications for improving the ways in which maternity care, community-based programs, and pediatric providers support father involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon S Allport-Altillo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
| | - Anushka R Aqil
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Timothy Nelson
- Princeton University Department of Sociology, Wallace Hall, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Sara B Johnson
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Alain B Labrique
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Yorghos Carabas
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Arik V Marcell
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 733 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Urtasun Erburu A, Herrero Cervera MJ, Cañete Nieto A. [Cancer in the first 18 months of life]. An Pediatr (Barc) 2020; 93:358-66. [PMID: 32303474 DOI: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oncological-haematological disease continues to be the first cause of non-traumatic mortality in childhood, as well as a significant cause of morbidity. The patient less than 18-months-old has special clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic features that all paediatricians are interested in determining, with the aim of achieving greater survival and a lower morbidity throughout the lives of their patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective, descriptive study was carried out using the clinical, diagnostic, and therapeutic variables in patients less than 18-months-old diagnosed with an oncological-haematological that received chemotherapy in a Paediatric Oncology Unit between January 2007 and August 2019. RESULTS A total of 72 patients were diagnosed with 76 cancers that required chemotherapy. The most common cancer was leukaemia (21 patients), followed by neuroblastoma (15 patients), and tumours of the central nervous system (12 patients). The presentation of "life-threatening symptoms" was seen in 20.8% of cases, particularly in tumours of neural origin (13/15). Although 18% of patients showed no symptoms on diagnosis, just over half (51%) of the diagnoses took place in the "advanced stages". Particularly in the case of solid tumours in which 23.6% were diagnosed with metastases. A significant percentage of genetic alterations implicated in the aetiopathogenesis of the different cancers were found. CONCLUSIONS Cancer in the first stages of life is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge due to its phenotypical diversity, its genetic load, and its therapeutic difficulties. Knowledge of its particular features is essential for its early and effective approach.
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Farkas C, Álvarez C, Cuellar MDP, Avello E, Gómez DM, Pereira P. Mothers' competence profiles and their relation to language and socioemotional development in Chilean children at 12 and 30 months. Infant Behav Dev 2020; 59:101443. [PMID: 32276086 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2020.101443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The study of early parental competences is relevant because such competences are related to children's development; however, most studies have considered competences using a variable-centered approach in which each parental competence is examined in isolation. This paper approaches these competences using a person-centered approach, generating profiles that combine different competences in Chilean mothers assessed when their children were aged 12 months and again at 30 months. The aim of this study was to generate and compare these profiles and to analyze the associations of these profiles with children's language and socioemotional skills. Mother-child interactions in the contexts of storytelling and free play were videotaped at two different times. Ninety mother-child dyads were assessed using the Adult Sensitivity Scale (E.S.A.), the Evaluation of the Mentalization of Significant Caregivers, the Checklist of Observations Linked to Outcomes (PICCOLO), Bayley's language scale and the Functional Emotional Assessment Scale (FEAS). Profiles of mothers' behaviors were identified through person-centered within-group analyses of six aspects: sensitivity, mentalization, affection, responsiveness, encouragement, and teaching. Cluster analyses yielded three similar profiles for mothers at both ages: highly competent, average competent, and poorly competent. The mothers' profiles were related to maternal age, socioeconomic status (SES) and educational level, and the mothers improved their profiles at the 30-month assessment. The mothers' profiles were related to children's language and socioemotional outcomes at both ages. These results and their applicability to promotion and intervention programs are discussed.
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Lu C, Xie H, Li H, Geng Q, Chen H, Mo X, Tang W. Feasibility and efficacy of home rectal irrigation in neonates and early infancy with Hirschsprung disease. Pediatr Surg Int 2019; 35:1245-1253. [PMID: 31535199 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-019-04552-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A single-stage pull-through (SSPT) is the most commonly performed procedure for Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) and has been shown to be better than multi-stage procedures. However, performing a SSPT in the neonatal period or early in infancy is a risk factor for an inaccurate diagnosis, post-operative enterocolitis, and a protracted post-operative recovery. The present study was primarily designed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of home rectal irrigation in the neonatal period and early in infancy, followed by a delayed and planned SSPT in a prospective cohort with HSCR. METHODS Between January 2014 and December 2016, a total of 147 neonates diagnosed with HSCR were enrolled in the study. Six patients were excluded as a result of ganglion cells found in second rectal biopsies after the neonatal period. One hundred twenty-two patients successfully underwent 2-4 months of home rectal irrigation during the neonatal period, followed by a SSPT procedure after the neonatal period (group A, n = 122). Nineteen patients were not candidates for home rectal irrigation, and thus, colostomies were performed during the neonatal period followed by multi-stage procedures after the neonatal period (group B, n = 19). One hundred twenty-two healthy children, age- and gender-matched to group A were enrolled as the healthy control group for assessment of nutrition status (group C, n = 122). The birth weight, gender ratio, aganglionic segment, age, and Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC) score at the time of HSCR diagnosis were measured to evaluate the feasibility of home rectal irrigation in neonates and early in infancy. The nutritional indices, including weight, body length, serum albumin, serum prealbumin, serum retinol-binding protein, and incidence of HAEC after 2-4 successful home rectal irrigation, were used to assess the efficacy of home rectal irrigation. Anastomotic strictures or leakage, perianal excoriation, frequency of defecation, and morbidity of post-operative HAEC were recorded to evaluate the beneficial effects to pull through (PT), which were facilitated by home rectal irrigation. RESULTS Higher HAEC scores and older age at the time of diagnosis of HSCR were associated with group B, compared to group A (4.34 ± 1.25 vs. 11.0 ± 2.56 [t = 18.20, p < 0.05] and 2.8 ± 1.46 days vs. 12.1 ± 5.3 days [t = 16.10, p < 0.05], respectively). The ratio of rectosigmoid HSCR to non-rectosigmoid HSCR was higher in group A than group B (104/18 vs. 4/15 [χ2 = 34.29, p < 0.05]). There were no differences in birth weight, weight at the time of diagnosis of HSCR, and gender ratio between groups A and B. There were no differences in birth weight, birth length, post-home rectal irrigation age, post-home rectal irrigation weight, post-home rectal irrigation length, and post-home rectal irrigation serum albumin between groups A and C (3.47 ± 0.42 kg vs. 3.48 ± 0.40 kg [t = 0.10, p > 0.05], 50.02 ± 0.49 cm vs. 50.05 ± 0.46 cm [t = 0.61, p > 0.05], 98.59 ± 13.34 days vs. 97.83 ± 13.58 days [t = 0.44, p > 0.05], 6.77 ± 0.66 kg vs. 6.97 ± 0.87 kg [t = 1.95, p > 0.05], 61.55 ± 2.14 cm vs. 61.70 ± 2.07 cm [t = 0.59, p > 0.05], and 41.78 ± 2.42 g/L vs. 41.85 ± 2.37 g/L [t = 0.22, p > 0.05], respectively). The rate of HAEC in the period of home rectal irrigation in group A was low; however, the post-home rectal irrigation serum prealbumin level and retinol-binding protein were significantly lower in group A than group C (0.15 ± 0.04 g/L vs. 0.17 ± 0.05 g/L [t = 3.50, p < 0.05] and 22.51 ± 7.53 g/L vs. 30.57 ± 9.26 g/L [t = 7.46, p < 0.05], respectively). There were no anastomotic strictures or leakage after definitive PT performed in group A. The frequency of defecation ranged from 2-6 times per day, 10 patients had perianal excoriation 3 months after PT, and 11 patients had post-operative HAEC during 6 months of follow-up after PT. CONCLUSION Home rectal irrigation in neonates and early in infancy, followed by a delayed and planned SSPT is feasible and effective in patients with HSCR, and could be beneficial to definitive PT. However, for patients with an extended aganglionic segment, older age, or high HAEC score at the time of diagnosis of HSCR, rectal irrigation maybe not suitable. TRIAL REGISTRATION This was a prospective comparative study designed to evaluate the effects of home rectal irrigation for facilitating and enhancing recovery after PT, and was registered at Clinical Trials.gov as NCT02776176.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changgui Lu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hua Xie
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Qiming Geng
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xuming Mo
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Weibing Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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11
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Abstract
According to the theory of conceptual metaphor, image-schemas and primary metaphors are preconceptual structures configured in human cognition, based on sensory-motor environmental activity. Focusing on the way both non-conceptual structures are embedded in early social interaction, we provide empirical evidence for the interactive and intersubjective ontogenesis of image-schemas and primary metaphors. We present the results of a multimodal image-schematic microanalysis of three interactive infant-directed performances (the composition of movement, touch, speech, and vocalization that adults produce for-and-with the infants). The microanalyses show that adults aesthetically highlight the image-schematic structures embedded in the multimodal composition of the performance, and that primary metaphors are also lived as embedded in these inter-enactive experiences. The findings allow corroborating that the psychological domains of cognition and affection are not in rivalry or conflict but rather intertwined in meaningful experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel C Martínez
- Laboratory for the Study of Musical Experience, Faculty of Fine Arts, National University of La Plata (LEEM-FBA-UNLP), Diag. 78 no 680 (1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Silvia A Español
- Latin American Faculty of Social Sciences (FLACSO), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diana I Pérez
- Philosophical Research Institute/SADAF-CONICET, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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12
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Katz J, Englund JA, Steinhoff MC, Khatry SK, Shrestha L, Kuypers J, Mullany LC, Chu HY, LeClerq SC, Kozuki N, Tielsch JM. Nutritional status of infants at six months of age following maternal influenza immunization: A randomized placebo-controlled trial in rural Nepal. Vaccine 2017; 35:6743-6750. [PMID: 29100709 PMCID: PMC5714610 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2017] [Revised: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal influenza vaccination has increased birth weight in two randomized trials in South Asia but the impact on infant growth is unknown. METHODS A randomized placebo-controlled trial of year round maternal influenza immunization was conducted in two annual cohorts in Sarlahi District, southern plains of Nepal, from April 2011 through April 2014. Infants born to women enrolled in the trial had weight, length, and head circumference measured at birth and 6 months of age. The study was powered for the 3 primary trial outcomes but not for stunting and wasting at 6 months of age. RESULTS 3693 women received placebo or influenza vaccine between 17 and 34 weeks gestation, resulting in 3646 live births. About 72% of infants who survived had weight and length measurements between 150 and 210 days of age. Prevalence of stunting (<-2 Z scores length-for-age) was 14.8% in the placebo and 13.6% in the vaccine groups, respectively. Stunting < -3 Z scores was 3.2% versus 2.0% in placebo versus vaccine groups (RR: 0.64 (95% CI: 0.39, 1.04)). Wasting (< -2 Z scores weight for length) was 10.3% versus 11.0% for placebo versus vaccine groups. Severe wasting (< -3 Z scores weight for length) was 3.8% for placebo versus 2.6% for vaccine (RR: 0.69 (95% CI: 0.44, 1.07)). The impact of flu vaccine on wasting was greater in cohort 2 than in cohort 1, (RR: 0.66 (0.44, 0.99) for any wasting), and RR: 0.45 (0.19, 1.09) for severe wasting. This corresponded to a larger impact on birth weight and a better vaccine match with circulating viruses in cohort 2. CONCLUSIONS Although maternal immunization reduced low birth weight by 15%, only wasting at 6 months in the 2nd cohort was statistically significantly difference. However, the study was underpowered to detect reductions of public health importance. TRIAL REGISTRATION Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01034254).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Katz
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room W5009, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103, USA.
| | - Janet A Englund
- Seattle Children's Hospital and Research Foundation, University of Washington, 4800 Sand Point Way N.E., R5441, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
| | - Mark C Steinhoff
- Global Health Center, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MLC2048, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
| | - Subarna K Khatry
- Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project - Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Laxman Shrestha
- Tribhuvan University, Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Jane Kuypers
- School of Medicine, University of Washington, Molecular Virology Laboratory, Suite 320, 1616 Eastlake Ave. E., Seattle, WA 98102, USA.
| | - Luke C Mullany
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room W5009, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103, USA.
| | - Helen Y Chu
- University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, 325 9th Ave, MS 359779, Seattle, WA 98104, USA.
| | - Steven C LeClerq
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room W5009, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103, USA; Nepal Nutrition Intervention Project - Sarlahi, Kathmandu, Nepal.
| | - Naoko Kozuki
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, 615 N. Wolfe Street, Room W5009, Baltimore, MD 21205-2103, USA.
| | - James M Tielsch
- Milken Institute School of Public Health, George Washington University, Department of Global Health, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC, 20052, USA.
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13
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Font-Ribera L, Gracia-Lavedan E, Esplugues A, Ballester F, Jiménez Zabala A, Santa Marina L, Fernández-Somoano A, Sunyer J, Villanueva CM. Water hardness and eczema at 1 and 4 y of age in the INMA birth cohort. Environ Res 2015; 142:579-585. [PMID: 26298601 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2015.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to hard water has been suggested as a risk factor for eczema in childhood, based on limited evidence from two ecologic and two cross-sectional studies. OBJECTIVES We evaluate this hypothesis for the first time in early infancy using prospective data from a mother-child cohort study. METHODS We used data from the INMA cohorts in Gipuzkoa, Sabadell and Valencia, Spain (N=1638). Current and ever eczema, bathing frequency and duration and covariables were collected by questionnaires at 14 months (14 m) and 4 years (4 y). Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) level in municipal water was assigned to home addresses at birth, 14 m and 4 y. We calculated Odds Ratio (OR) of eczema related to CaCO3 at home, bath exposure and a combination of both. RESULTS Prevalence of eczema ever was 18.4% at 14 m and 33.4% at 4 y. Mean CaCO3 ranged from 51.6 to 272.8 mg/L among areas. No association was detected between water hardness at home and current or ever eczema. Adjusted OR was 0.79 (95%CI=0.45, 1.39) at 14 m and 0.93 (0.56, 1.52) at 4 y among children in the highest vs. lowest tertiles of CaCO3. Bath exposure alone or in combination with water hardness did not increase the OR of eczema at 14 m or 4 y either. CONCLUSIONS We did not find an association between eczema and water hardness at home or bathing exposure during the first four years of life. This first cohort study in a critical age period with improved exposure assessment does not confirm the association suggested among children by previous studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laia Font-Ribera
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 80 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Esther Gracia-Lavedan
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 80 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain.
| | - Ana Esplugues
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain; FISABIO-UJI-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit, Av. Catalunya 21, Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Ferran Ballester
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain; FISABIO-UJI-Universitat de València Joint Research Unit, Av. Catalunya 21, Valencia 46020, Spain.
| | - Ana Jiménez Zabala
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, 4 Av. de Navarra, San Sebastian 20013, Spain; BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, Paseo Dr. Beguiristain, San Sebastian 20014, Spain.
| | - Loreto Santa Marina
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain; Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, Basque Government, 4 Av. de Navarra, San Sebastian 20013, Spain; BIODONOSTIA Health Research Institute, Paseo Dr. Beguiristain, San Sebastian 20014, Spain.
| | - Ana Fernández-Somoano
- CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Campus del Cristo, Oviedo, Spain.
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 80 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain.
| | - Cristina M Villanueva
- Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 80 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 88 Doctor Aiguader, Barcelona 08003, Spain; CIBER Epidemiologia y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 3-5 Melchor Fernández Almagro, Madrid 28029, Spain.
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14
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Nakayama H. Emergence of amae crying in early infancy as a possible social communication tool between infants and mothers. Infant Behav Dev 2015; 40:122-30. [PMID: 26134240 DOI: 10.1016/j.infbeh.2015.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Amae is defined as "wishing to be loved (Scheidlinger (1999). The Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, 27(1), p. 91)". Amae crying is known as crying of infants when seeking intimate emotional communication with caregivers. The objective of this study was to delineate when and how amae crying emerges in early infancy. Crying episodes of four infants were observed bimonthly, in the natural context of their homes, from birth to 6 months of age, for approximately 60min per session. Crying episodes (total=275) as determined by two coders were analyzed with respect to several behavioral measures. Results indicated that amae crying emerged at the age of 2 months, and consistently accounted for 30-40% of the total crying episodes after the ages of 3 months. Amae crying could be accurately identified when infants were not in acute discomfort and had already got the attention of their mothers. At such times, infants did not shed tears, cried with a fussy voice, and frequently looked at their mothers. Mothers responded to amae crying more promptly than they did to other types of crying behaviors. It is concluded that 3 months of age, when infants probably begin to use crying as a social communication tool is a major turning point for crying behavior from the perspective of its biological and social roles. It is suggested that amae crying might play an important role in strengthening and encouraging mother-infant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Nakayama
- University of the Sacred Heart, Department of Psychology, 4-3-1, Hiroo, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8938, Japan.
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