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Lee WS, Reynaldi A, Amarasena T, Davenport MP, Parsons MS, Kent SJ. Anti-Drug Antibodies in Pigtailed Macaques Receiving HIV Broadly Neutralising Antibody PGT121. Front Immunol 2021; 12:749891. [PMID: 34867979 PMCID: PMC8636046 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.749891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralising antibodies (bNAbs) may play an important role in future strategies for HIV control. The development of anti-drug antibody (ADA) responses can reduce the efficacy of passively transferred bNAbs but the impact of ADA is imperfectly understood. We previously showed that therapeutic administration of the anti-HIV bNAb PGT121 (either WT or LALA version) controlled viraemia in pigtailed macaques with ongoing SHIV infection. We now report on 23 macaques that had multiple treatments with PGT121. We found that an increasing number of intravenous doses of PGT121 or human IgG1 isotype control antibodies (2-4 doses) results in anti-PGT121 ADA induction and low plasma concentrations of PGT121. ADA was associated with poor or absent suppression of SHIV viremia. Notably, ADA within macaque plasma recognised another human bNAb 10E8 but did not bind to the variable domains of PGT121, suggesting that ADA were primarily directed against the constant regions of the human antibodies. These findings have implications for the development of preclinical studies examining multiple infusions of human bNAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Shi Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Thakshila Amarasena
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew S Parsons
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States.,Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Stephen J Kent
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Anand SP, Ding S, Tolbert WD, Prévost J, Richard J, Gil HM, Gendron-Lepage G, Cheung WF, Wang H, Pastora R, Saxena H, Wakarchuk W, Medjahed H, Wines BD, Hogarth M, Shaw GM, Martin MA, Burton DR, Hangartner L, Evans DT, Pazgier M, Cossar D, McLean MD, Finzi A. Enhanced Ability of Plant-Derived PGT121 Glycovariants To Eliminate HIV-1-Infected Cells. J Virol 2021; 95:e0079621. [PMID: 34232070 PMCID: PMC8387047 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00796-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) targeting HIV-1 depends on pleiotropic functions, including viral neutralization and the elimination of HIV-1-infected cells. Several in vivo studies have suggested that passive administration of bNAbs represents a valuable strategy for the prevention or treatment of HIV-1. In addition, different strategies are currently being tested to scale up the production of bNAbs to obtain the large quantities of antibodies required for clinical trials. Production of antibodies in plants permits low-cost and large-scale production of valuable therapeutics; furthermore, pertinent to this work, it also includes an advanced glycoengineering platform. In this study, we used Nicotiana benthamiana to produce different Fc-glycovariants of a potent bNAb, PGT121, with near-homogeneous profiles and evaluated their antiviral activities. Structural analyses identified a close similarity in overall structure and glycosylation patterns of Fc regions for these plant-derived Abs and mammalian cell-derived Abs. When tested for Fc-effector activities, afucosylated PGT121 showed significantly enhanced FcγRIIIa interaction and antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against primary HIV-1-infected cells, both in vitro and ex vivo. However, the overall galactosylation profiles of plant PGT121 did not affect ADCC activities against infected primary CD4+ T cells. Our results suggest that the abrogation of the Fc N-linked glycan fucosylation of PGT121 is a worthwhile strategy to boost its Fc-effector functionality. IMPORTANCE PGT121 is a highly potent bNAb and its antiviral activities for HIV-1 prevention and therapy are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. The importance of its Fc-effector functions in clearing HIV-1-infected cells is also under investigation. Our results highlight enhanced Fc-effector activities of afucosylated PGT121 MAbs that could be important in a therapeutic context to accelerate infected cell clearance and slow disease progression. Future studies to evaluate the potential of plant-produced afucosylated PGT121 in controlling HIV-1 replication in vivo are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Priya Anand
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Shilei Ding
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D. Tolbert
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jérémie Prévost
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jonathan Richard
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hwi Min Gil
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Hirak Saxena
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Warren Wakarchuk
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Ryerson University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Bruce D. Wines
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark Hogarth
- Immune Therapies Group, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Clinical Pathology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Immunology and Pathology Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - George M. Shaw
- Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Malcom A. Martin
- Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Dennis R. Burton
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lars Hangartner
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - David T. Evans
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Wisconsin—Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Marzena Pazgier
- Infectious Diseases Division, Department of Medicine of Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Doug Cossar
- PlantForm Corporation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Andrés Finzi
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie, et Immunologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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Mullick R, Sutar J, Hingankar N, Deshpande S, Thakar M, Sahay S, Ringe RP, Mukhopadhyay S, Patil A, Bichare S, Murugavel KG, Srikrishnan AK, Goyal R, Sok D, Bhattacharya J. Neutralization diversity of HIV-1 Indian subtype C envelopes obtained from cross sectional and followed up individuals against broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies having distinct gp120 specificities. Retrovirology 2021; 18:12. [PMID: 33990195 PMCID: PMC8120817 DOI: 10.1186/s12977-021-00556-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential use of the broadly neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (bnAbs) towards prophylaxis and treatment to HIV-1 is currently being explored. While a number of promising bnAbs have been discovered and a few of them have progressed towards clinical development, their extent of neutralization coverage with respect to global HIV-1 variants given the existence of genetically distinct subtypes and recombinants circulating globally is not clearly known. In the present study, we examined the variation in the neutralization susceptibility of pseudoviruses expressing 71 full length primary HIV-1 subtype C envs obtained from limited cross-sectional individuals over different time points against four bnAbs that target gp120 with distinct specificities: VRC01, CAP256-VRC26.25, PGDM1400 and PGT121. RESULTS We found significant variations in the susceptibility of Indian clade C to these four bnAbs. These variations were found to be distinct to that observed in African subtype C based on the existing datasets and concordant with their sequence diversity. Trend analysis indicated an increasing neutralization resistance observed over time with CAP25-VRC26.25, PGDM1400 and PGT121 when tested on pseudoviruses expressing envs obtained from 1999 to 2016. However, inconsistent trend in neutralization susceptibility was observed, when pseudoviruses expressing envs obtained from three followed up individuals were examined. Finally, through predictive analysis of the 98 Indian subtype C including those assessed in the present study by employing additive model implemented in CombiNAber ( http://www.hiv.lanl.gov ), we observed two possibilities where combinations of three bnAbs (VRC01/CAP56-VRC26.25/PGT121 and PGDM1400/CAP256-VRC26.25/PGT121) could achieve near 100% neutralization coverage. CONCLUSIONS Our findings not only indicate disparate intra-clade C genetic vis-à-vis neutralization diversities but also warrant the need for more comprehensive study using additional isolates towards comparing inter and intra-clade neutralization diversities which will be necessary for selecting the bnAb combinations suitable for optimal coverage of the region-specific HIV-1 circulating subtypes. Expanding these efforts is imperative for designing efficacious bnAb based intervention strategies for India as well as subtype C in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajoy Mullick
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Sciences & Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New Delhi, India
| | - Jyoti Sutar
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Sciences & Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New Delhi, India
| | - Nitin Hingankar
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Sciences & Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Suprit Deshpande
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Sciences & Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Madhuri Thakar
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Seema Sahay
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rajesh P Ringe
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
| | - Sampurna Mukhopadhyay
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
- , Mississauga, ON, L5B3Y9, Canada
| | - Ajit Patil
- ICMR-National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | | | | | | | - Rajat Goyal
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New Delhi, India
| | - Devin Sok
- IAVI Neutralizing Antibody Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jayanta Bhattacharya
- HIV Vaccine Translational Research Laboratory, Translational Health Sciences & Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India.
- International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New Delhi, India.
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Mahomed S, Garrett N, Capparelli E, Baxter C, Zuma NY, Gengiah T, Archary D, Moore P, Samsunder N, Barouch DH, Mascola J, Ledgerwood J, Morris L, Abdool Karim S. Assessing the safety and pharmacokinetics of the monoclonal antibodies, VRC07-523LS and PGT121 in HIV negative women in South Africa: study protocol for the CAPRISA 012A randomised controlled phase I trial. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e030283. [PMID: 31272988 PMCID: PMC6615816 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-030283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite extensive prevention campaigns and scale-up of antiretroviral therapy, HIV incidence among young women in southern Africa remains high. While the development of an efficacious vaccine remains a challenge, the discovery of broadly neutralising monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) has created the opportunity to explore passive immunisation as a long-acting injectable HIV prevention strategy. The purpose of this trial is to provide safety, pharmacokinetic (PK) and functional activity data of VRC07-523LS and PGT121 when administered subcutaneously (SC) to young South African women. Going forward, the aim is to select the ideal dose and/or monoclonal antibody for co-formulation and testing with CAP256-VRC26.25LS, a potent monoclonal antibody against subtype C virus, in an efficacy trial. METHODS AND ANALYSIS CAPRISA 012A is a randomised, double blinded, placebo-controlled phase I trial to assess the safety and PK profile of two mAbs, VRC07-523LS and PGT121 administered SC to 35 young HIV negative women at low risk for HIV infection. Women will be randomised into seven groups of five participants each. In each group, women will be randomised (4:1) to the active intervention, VRC07-523LS and/or PGT121, or placebo. Participants will be followed up for 24 weeks after the administration of the last dose of study product with a total study duration of 72 weeks. Safety in the study will be assessed by the number and percentage of reactogenicity and adverse events experienced by participants and the relatedness to study product. The PK study design was based on preliminary PK data for VRC07-523LS and PGT121. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval has been granted by the South African Health Products Regulatory Authority and by the University of KwaZulu-Natal Biomedical Research Ethics Committee. Results will be presented at international conferences and published in academic peer-reviewed journals. Trial results will be uploaded on the clinical trial registry. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER PACTR201808919297244; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharana Mahomed
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Nigel Garrett
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | | | - Cheryl Baxter
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Nonhlanhla Yende Zuma
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Tanuja Gengiah
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Derseree Archary
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Penny Moore
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Natasha Samsunder
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Beth Israel Medical Center - Kings Highway Division, Brooklyn, New York, USA
| | | | | | - Lynn Morris
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Salim Abdool Karim
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), Durban, South Africa
- MRC-CAPRISA HIV-TB Pathogenesis and Treatment Research Unit, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
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Gardner MR, Fetzer I, Kattenhorn LM, Davis-Gardner ME, Zhou AS, Alfant B, Weber JA, Kondur HR, Martinez-Navio JM, Fuchs SP, Desrosiers RC, Gao G, Lifson JD, Farzan M. Anti-drug Antibody Responses Impair Prophylaxis Mediated by AAV-Delivered HIV-1 Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies. Mol Ther 2019; 27:650-660. [PMID: 30704961 PMCID: PMC6403482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adeno-associated virus (AAV) delivery of potent and broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs is a promising approach for the prevention of HIV-1 infection. The immunoglobulin G (IgG)1 subtype is usually selected for this application, because it efficiently mediates antibody effector functions and has a somewhat longer half-life. However, the use of IgG1-Fc has been associated with the generation of anti-drug antibodies (ADAs) that correlate with loss of antibody expression. In contrast, we have shown that expression of the antibody-like molecule eCD4-Ig bearing a rhesus IgG2-Fc domain showed reduced immunogenicity and completely protected rhesus macaques from simian-HIV (SHIV)-AD8 challenges. To directly compare the performance of the IgG1-Fc and the IgG2-Fc domains in a prophylactic setting, we compared AAV1 expression of rhesus IgG1 and IgG2 forms of four anti-HIV bNAbs: 3BNC117, NIH45-46, 10-1074, and PGT121. Interestingly, IgG2-isotyped bNAbs elicited significantly lower ADA than their IgG1 counterparts. We also observed significant protection from two SHIV-AD8 challenges in macaques expressing IgG2-isotyped bNAbs, but not from those expressing IgG1. Our data suggest that monoclonal antibodies isotyped with IgG2-Fc domains are less immunogenic than their IgG1 counterparts, and they highlight ADAs as a key barrier to the use of AAV1-expressed bNAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew R Gardner
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.
| | - Ina Fetzer
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Lisa M Kattenhorn
- Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, New England Primate Research Center, Southborough, MA 01772, USA
| | - Meredith E Davis-Gardner
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Amber S Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Barnett Alfant
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Jesse A Weber
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Hema R Kondur
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
| | - Jose M Martinez-Navio
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Sebastian P Fuchs
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Ronald C Desrosiers
- Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Guangping Gao
- The Horae Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA; Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Lifson
- AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA
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Badamchi-Zadeh A, Tartaglia LJ, Abbink P, Bricault CA, Liu PT, Boyd M, Kirilova M, Mercado NB, Nanayakkara OS, Vrbanac VD, Tager AM, Larocca RA, Seaman MS, Barouch DH. Therapeutic Efficacy of Vectored PGT121 Gene Delivery in HIV-1-Infected Humanized Mice. J Virol 2018; 92:e01925-17. [PMID: 29321310 DOI: 10.1128/JVI.01925-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are being explored for HIV-1 prevention and cure strategies. However, administration of purified bNAbs poses challenges in resource-poor settings, where the HIV-1 disease burden is greatest. In vivo vector-based production of bNAbs represents an alternative strategy. We investigated adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) and adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) vectors to deliver the HIV-1-specific bNAb PGT121 in wild-type and immunocompromised C57BL/6 mice as well as in HIV-1-infected bone marrow-liver-thymus (BLT) humanized mice. Ad5.PGT121 and AAV1.PGT121 produced functional antibody in vivo. Ad5.PGT121 produced PGT121 rapidly within 6 h, whereas AAV1.PGT121 produced detectable PGT121 in serum by 72 h. Serum PGT121 levels were rapidly reduced by the generation of anti-PGT121 antibodies in immunocompetent mice but were durably maintained in immunocompromised mice. In HIV-1-infected BLT humanized mice, Ad5.PGT121 resulted in a greater reduction of viral loads than did AAV1.PGT121. Ad5.PGT121 also led to more-sustained virologic control than purified PGT121 IgG. Ad5.PGT121 afforded more rapid, robust, and durable antiviral efficacy than AAV1.PGT121 and purified PGT121 IgG in HIV-1-infected humanized mice. Further evaluation of vector delivery of HIV-1 bNAbs is warranted, although approaches to prevent the generation of antiantibody responses may also be required. IMPORTANCE Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are being explored for HIV-1 prevention and cure strategies, but delivery of purified antibodies may prove challenging. We investigated adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) and adeno-associated virus serotype 1 (AAV1) vectors to deliver the HIV-1-specific bNAb PGT121. Ad5.PGT121 afforded more rapid, robust, and durable antiviral efficacy than AAV1.PGT121 and purified PGT121 IgG in HIV-1-infected humanized mice.
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Lloyd SB, Niven KP, Kiefel BR, Montefiori DC, Reynaldi A, Davenport MP, Kent SJ, Winnall WR. Exploration of broadly neutralizing antibody fragments produced in bacteria for the control of HIV. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2726-2737. [PMID: 28949787 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1368935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
While broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are a promising preventative and therapeutic tool for HIV infection, production is difficult and expensive. Production of antibody-like fragments in bacterial cytoplasm provides a cheaper alternative. This work explored the transplantation of the complementarity determining regions of the anti-HIV bnAbs PGT121 and 10E8 onto a single-chain variable fragment (scFv) scaffold, previously discovered through a novel screening platform. The scaffolded 10E8 scFv, but not the scaffolded PGT121 scFv, was soluble in bacterial cytoplasm, enabling efficient production in bacteria. Three additional multimeric constructs employing the scaffolded 10E8 scFv were also generated and soluble versions produced in bacteria. However, the constructs were found to have substantially lost anti-HIV binding function and had completely abrogated neutralizing activity. Overall, while this study provides a proof-of-concept for anti-HIV bnAb construct production in bacterial cytoplasm, future refinement of these technologies will be required to realize the goal of producing inexpensive and effective bnAb-like tools for the control of HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah B Lloyd
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Victoria , Australia
| | - Keith P Niven
- b Affinity BIO Pty Ltd. , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - Ben R Kiefel
- b Affinity BIO Pty Ltd. , Melbourne , VIC , Australia
| | - David C Montefiori
- c Department of Medicine , Duke University Medical Center , Durham , North Carolina , USA
| | - Arnold Reynaldi
- d Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity , University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Miles P Davenport
- d Infection Analytics Program, Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity , University of New South Wales Australia , Sydney , Australia
| | - Stephen J Kent
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Victoria , Australia.,e Melbourne Sexual Health Centre and Department of Infectious Diseases, Alfred Health, Central Clinical School , Monash University , Melbourne , Australia.,f ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , University of Melbourne , Parkville , Australia
| | - Wendy R Winnall
- a Department of Microbiology and Immunology , The University of Melbourne, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity , Victoria , Australia
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