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Nam Chan JK, Chang DHH, Fung VSC, Ching Chui EM, Wong CSM, Chu RST, So YK, Chan JMT, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Lo HKY, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Prevalence and correlates of depression, anxiety and trauma-like symptoms in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study in Hong Kong. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:372. [PMID: 38760703 PMCID: PMC11100058 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05815-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients are susceptible to adverse mental health outcome during COVID-19 pandemic, but its associated factors are understudied. This observational cross-sectional study aimed to comprehensively examine prevalence and correlates of psychological distress, in terms of depression, anxiety and post-traumatic-stress-disorder (PTSD)-like symptoms, among Chinese adult psychiatric outpatients amidst the peak of fifth COVID-19 wave in Hong-Kong. METHODS A total of 415 patients (comprising 246 patients with common-mental-disorders [CMD] and 169 with severe-mental-disorders [SMD]) and 399 demographically-matched controls without mental disorders were assessed with self-rated questionnaires between 28-March and 8-April-2022, encompassing illness profile, mental health symptoms, psychosocial measures (loneliness, resilience, coping styles) and COVID-19 related factors. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine variables associated with moderate-to-severe depressive, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms among psychiatric patients. RESULTS Our results showed that CMD patients had the greatest psychological distress relative to SMD patients and controls. Approximately 40-55% CMD patients and 25% SMD patients exhibited moderate-to-severe depression, anxiety and PTSD-like symptoms. Multivariable regression analyses revealed that female gender, lower educational attainment, single marital status, being housewife, more severe insomnia, psychotic-like symptoms and cognitive complaints, self-harm behavior, lower resilience, avoidance coping, never contracting COVID-19 infection, greater fear of contagion, and longer exposure to pandemic-related information were independently associated with depression, anxiety and/or PTSD-like symptoms in psychiatric patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results affirm increased vulnerability of psychiatric patients toward psychological distress during pandemic. An array of identified correlates facilitates early detection of high-risk psychiatric patients for targeted strategies to minimize pandemic-related negative psychological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Don Ho Hin Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Heidi Ka Ying Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China.
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Bakola M, Peritogiannis V, Kitsou KS, Gourzis P, Hyphantis T, Jelastopulu E. Length of hospital stay in involuntary admissions in Greece: a 10-year retrospective observational study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02653-x. [PMID: 38684516 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02653-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE The treatment of mental disorders has shifted from inpatient wards to community-based settings in recent years, but some patients may still have to be admitted to inpatient wards, sometimes involuntarily. It is important to maintain the length of hospital stay (LoS) as short as possible while still providing adequate care. The present study aimed to explore the factors associated with the LoS in involuntarily admitted psychiatric patients. METHODS A ten-year retrospective chart review of 332 patients admitted involuntarily to the inpatient psychiatric ward of the General University Hospital of Ioannina, Northwestern Greece, between 2008 and 2017 was conducted. RESULTS The mean LoS was 23.8 (SD = 33.7) days and was relatively stable over the years. Longer-stay hospitalization was associated with schizophrenia-spectrum disorder diagnosis, previous hospitalizations and the use of mechanical restraint, whereas patients in residential care experienced significantly longer LoS (52.6 days) than those living with a caregiver (23.5 days) or alone (19.4 days). Older age at disease onset was associated with shorter LoS, whereas no statistically significant differences were observed with regard to gender. CONCLUSION While some of our findings were in line with recent findings from other countries, others could not be replicated. It seems that multiple factors influence LoS and the identification of these factors could help clinicians and policy makers to design more targeted and cost-effective interventions. The optimization of LoS in involuntary admissions could improve patients' outcomes and lead to more efficient use of resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bakola
- Department of Public Health, Medical School, University of Patras, Rio, 26500, Patras, Greece
| | - Vaios Peritogiannis
- Mobile Mental Health Unit of the Prefectures of Ioannina and Thesprotia, Society for the Promotion of Mental Health in Epirus, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Philippos Gourzis
- Department of Psychiatry, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Thomas Hyphantis
- Department of Psychiatry, Division of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Eleni Jelastopulu
- Department of Public Health, Medical School, University of Patras, Rio, 26500, Patras, Greece.
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Fung VSC, Chan JKN, Chui EMC, Wong CSM, Chu RST, So YK, Chan JMT, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Lo HKY, Cheng CPW, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. Network analysis on psychopathological symptoms, psychological measures, quality of life and COVID-19 related factors in Chinese psychiatric patients in Hong Kong. BMC Psychiatry 2024; 24:271. [PMID: 38609962 PMCID: PMC11010282 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05690-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients are susceptible to adverse mental health impacts during COVID-19, but complex interplays between psychopathology and pandemic-related variables remain elusive. This study aimed to investigate concomitant associations between psychopathological symptoms, psychological measures and COVID-19 related variables in Chinese psychiatric patients during the peak of fifth pandemic wave in Hong Kong. METHODS We employed network analysis to investigate inter-relationships among psychopathological symptoms (including depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder-like [PTSD-like] symptoms, insomnia, psychotic symptoms), cognitive complaints, health-related quality of life, loneliness, resilience and selected pandemic-related factors in 415 psychiatric outpatients between 28 March and 8 April, 2022. Network comparisons between genders, diagnosis (common mental disorders [CMD] vs. severe mental disorders [SMD]), and history of contracting COVID-19 at fifth wave were performed as exploratory analyses. RESULTS Our results showed that anxiety represented the most central node in the network, as indicated by its highest node strength and expected influence, followed by depression and quality of life. Three comparatively strong connections between COVID-19 and psychopathological variables were observed including: fear of contagion and PTSD-like symptoms, COVID-19 stressor burden and PTSD-like symptoms, and COVID-19 stressor burden and insomnia. Network comparison tests revealed significant network structural difference between participants with history of contracting COVID-19 and those without, but showed no significant difference between genders as well as between CMD and SMD patients. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest the pivotal role of anxiety in psychopathology network of psychiatric patients amidst COVID-19. Pandemic-related variables are critically associated with trauma/stress and insomnia symptoms. Future research is required to elucidate potential network structural changes between pandemic and post-COVID periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Eileena Mo Ching Chui
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Heidi Ka Ying Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
- State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, the University of Hong Kong, Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong.
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
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Bleier A, Seethaler M, Bermpohl F, Majić T, Mick I. Psychiatric and non- psychiatric patients during the midst of Covid-19: Pandemic distress, psychosis and the belief in conspiracy theories. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:332-339. [PMID: 38350310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased levels of psychological distress in the general population, at the same time providing a perfect breeding ground for conspiracy beliefs. Psychiatric patients are considered as a population with an increased vulnerability for stressful events, and conspiracy beliefs show overlaps with paranoid ideations. The aim of the present study was to investigate if psychiatric patients experienced higher levels of pandemic distress than non-psychiatric patients, if they were more prone to conspiracy beliefs and if pandemic distress as well as other mental health variables were associated with believing in conspiracy theories. METHODS Indicators for mental health (pandemic distress, depressive symptoms, general anxiety symptoms, perceived stress) and indicators for believing in conspiracy theories were assessed within psychiatric (n = 73) and non-psychiatric patients (n = 29) during the midst of the pandemic. RESULTS Psychiatric patients reported higher levels of pandemic distress than non-psychiatric patients. Conspiracy measurements correlated positively with pandemic distress, but not with anxiety and depression. No differences were found between psychiatric patients with or without psychotic disorder and non-psychiatric patients in regard to conspiracy measurements. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest a higher susceptibility of psychiatric patients to pandemic distress, but not an increased level of believing in conspiracy theories. The common notion that people suffering from psychosis are more likely to believe in conspiracy theories was not supported. Furthermore, distress caused by a specific event and not anxiety per se seems to be related to the degree of conspiracy beliefs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Bleier
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte (CCM) and Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Magdalena Seethaler
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte (CCM) and Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Felix Bermpohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte (CCM) and Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany; Faculty of Philosophy, Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany; Einstein Center for Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Tomislav Majić
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte (CCM) and Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Inge Mick
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte (CCM) and Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik der Charité im St. Hedwig-Krankenhaus, Große Hamburger Str. 5-11, 10115, Berlin, Germany.
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Fu T, Liu H, Chen C, Zhang B, Chen G, Bai Y, Li J, Hou F. Preventing post-discharge suicides in psychiatric patients: insights from patients, lay healthcare supporters, and mental health professionals-a qualitative analysis. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:64. [PMID: 38166746 PMCID: PMC10762919 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17475-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Discharged psychiatric patients are at higher risk of suicide due to various risk factors in their lives compared to the general population. However, specific problems and needs of these patients after discharge remain unclear. This research constitutes a segment of a broader implementation study designed to formulate an interventional strategy targeting post-discharge suicide among Chinese psychiatric patients. The present study seeks to qualitatively investigate the problems and needs from the perspectives of patients, their lay healthcare supporters (LHSs), and mental health professionals (MPs), aiming to enhance the efficacy of the interventional strategy. METHODS This study is part of a larger implementation study based on Shenzhen Kangning Hospital (SKH) in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Under the community-based participatory research framework, we recruited discharged psychiatric patients, their LHSs, and MPs as a collaborative community team, and we conducted individual in-depth interviews for patients and LSHs and focus group interviews with MPs. We utilized a thematic analysis approach to identify sub-themes and themes from interviews through systematically coding and analyzing the data. RESULTS A total of 45 participants were recruited for interviews, comprising 17 patients, 8 LHSs, and 20 MPs. We conducted 25 individual in-depth interviews and 3 focus group interviews. Through the interviews, we identified three themes of post-discharge problems: problems related to self, family-related problems, societal and community-related problems. We also identified four themes related to reducing post-discharge suicide: proactive self-management, multifunctional relatives, multifunctional MP group, and a warm society. The tangible support from LHSs and emotional support from MPs are strongly emphasized. Follow-up interventions were identified as the most significant way to addressing these unmet needs. Instrumental support from the community and a caring and non-discriminatory environment for individuals with mental disorders are essential for reducing suicide risk. CONCLUSIONS Establishing an integrated mental health care service network that connects psychiatric patients, LHSs, and MPs cross community and societal sectors, with patient-centered follow-up care at its core, is a practical approach to better address patients' needs and reduce post-discharge suicide. TRIAL REGISTRATION Registration number: NCT04907669. Date of registration: May 26th,2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Fu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan 2Nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China
- Sun Yat-Sen University Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiming Liu
- Department of Public Health, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, No.1080, Cuizhu Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Public Health, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, No.1080, Cuizhu Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Public Health, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, No.1080, Cuizhu Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanjie Chen
- Department of Public Health, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, No.1080, Cuizhu Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuanhan Bai
- Department of Bipolar Disorders, Shenzhen Mental Health Center, Shenzhen Kangning Hospital (Pingshan Campus), Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 74 Zhongshan 2Nd Road, Guangzhou, 510080, Guangdong, China.
- Sun Yat-Sen University Global Health Institute, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Fengsu Hou
- Department of Public Health, Shenzhen Mental Health Center/Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, No.1080, Cuizhu Road, Shenzhen, 518020, Guangdong, China.
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Lo HKY, Chan JKN, Yip EWC, Chui EMC, Fung VSC, Wong CSM, Chu RST, So YK, Chan JMT, Chung AKK, Lee KCK, Cheng CPW, Law CW, Chan WC, Chang WC. The prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation in Chinese psychiatric patients during the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2023; 77:4-11. [PMID: 37660441 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2023.08.485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
People with mental disorders have increased risk of psychological distress during COVID-19. However, there is limited research comprehensively examining factors associated with suicidal ideation, the strongest predictor of suicidal behavior, among psychiatric patients amidst pandemic. We investigated prevalence and correlates of suicidal ideation in 407 Chinese psychiatric outpatients (diagnosed with mood, anxiety or schizophrenia-spectrum disorders) aged 18-64 years during the peak of fifth COVID-19 wave in Hong Kong between 28 March and 8 April, 2022, based on a comprehensive array of variables encompassing socio-demographics, illness profile, psychopathological symptoms, psychological measures and pandemic-related factors. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine correlates of suicidal ideation. Results showed that 128 (31.4%) participants exhibited suicidal ideation. Univariate analyses revealed that being unemployed or full-time student, more severe depressive, anxiety, PTSD-like, insomnia and psychotic symptoms, higher levels of loneliness, avoidant-coping, greater pandemic-related stress burden and distress by social-distancing measures were related to suicidal ideation. Conversely, participants with higher monthly household-income, better quality-of-life, and greater resilience were less likely to have suicidal ideation. Notably, only depressive symptom severity was retained in final multivariate model as a factor significantly associated with suicidal ideation. Hence, we observed that approximately one-third of Chinese psychiatric patients experienced suicidal ideation during fifth pandemic wave. Our findings underscore the influence of depressive symptoms being above and beyond that of other psychopathological symptoms, psychological and pandemic-related variables on suicidal ideation. Longitudinal research is required to clarify suicidal ideation trajectories and predictors of persistent suicidal ideation across pandemic and post-pandemic periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Ka Ying Lo
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Joe Kwun Nam Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | | | | | - Vivian Shi Cheng Fung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Corine Sau Man Wong
- School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ryan Sai Ting Chu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Yuen Kiu So
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Jacob Man Tik Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Albert Kar Kin Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Krystal Chi Kei Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Calvin Pak Wing Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Wing Law
- Department of Psychiatry, Queen Mary Hospital, Hospital Authority, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Chi Chan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Wing Chung Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Clinical medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; State Key Laboratory of Brain and Cognitive Science, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
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Swinkels LTA, Hoeve M, Ter Harmsel JF, Schoonmade LJ, Dekker JJM, Popma A, van der Pol TM. The effectiveness of social network interventions for psychiatric patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Psychol Rev 2023; 104:102321. [PMID: 37499318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2023.102321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Strengthening social networks is an important goal in mental health treatment. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of social network interventions for psychiatric patients. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted comparing these interventions with control groups on social and mental health-related outcomes in psychiatric patients. PubMed, EMBASE.com, PsycInfo, Scopus, and IBSS were searched for studies until December 21, 2022. Three-level random effects models were used to obtain Cohen's d mean estimates on composite outcomes of social network and secondary mental health outcomes. Heterogeneity was examined with potential moderators. Thirty-three studies were included. Small-to-moderate effects of social network interventions were detected on positive social network (d = 0.115, p = 0.022) and support (d = 0.159; p = 0.007), general functioning (d = 0.127, p = 0.046), mental health treatment adherence (d = 0.332, p = 0.003), days substance use (d = 0.097, p = 0.004), and abstinence (d = 0.254, p = 0.004). Estimates of psychiatric functioning were higher in samples with more females. The quality of evidence was moderate-to-low. This evidence suggests that social network interventions can improve positive social networks, general functioning, mental health treatment adherence, and substance use in psychiatric patients receiving usual care. PROSPERO ID: CRD42019131959.
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Affiliation(s)
- L T A Swinkels
- Department of Forensic Outpatient Care, Inforsa Forensic Mental Healthcare, Vlaardingenlaan 5, 1059 GL, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| | - M Hoeve
- Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 127, 1018 WS, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J F Ter Harmsel
- Department of Forensic Outpatient Care, Inforsa Forensic Mental Healthcare, Vlaardingenlaan 5, 1059 GL, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - L J Schoonmade
- Medical Library, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - J J M Dekker
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Research and Quality of Care, Arkin Mental Health Institute, Klaprozenweg 111, 1033 NN, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - A Popma
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - T M van der Pol
- Department of Forensic Outpatient Care, Inforsa Forensic Mental Healthcare, Vlaardingenlaan 5, 1059 GL, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Department of Research and Quality of Care, Arkin Mental Health Institute, Klaprozenweg 111, 1033 NN, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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8
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Quadackers D, Liemburg E, Bos F, Doornbos B, Risselada A, Berger M, Visser E, Cath D. Cardiovascular risk assessment methods yield unequal risk predictions: a large cross-sectional study in psychiatric secondary care outpatients. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:536. [PMID: 37488548 PMCID: PMC10367364 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a mental illness are more likely to develop, and die from, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), necessitating optimal CVD-risk (CVR)-assessment to enable early detection and treatment. Whereas psychiatrists use the metabolic syndrome (MetS)-concept to estimate CVR, GPs use absolute risk-models. Additionally, two PRIMROSE-models have been specifically designed for patients with severe mental illness. We aimed to assess the agreement in risk-outcomes between these CVR-methods. METHODS To compare risk-outcomes across the various CVR-methods, we used somatic information of psychiatric outpatients from the PHAMOUS-, and MOPHAR-database, aged 40-70 years, free of past or current CVD and diabetes. We investigated: (1) the degree-of-agreement between categorical assessments (i.e. MetS-status vs. binary risk-categories); (2) non-parametric correlations between the number of MetS-criteria and absolute risks; and (3) strength-of-agreement between absolute risks. RESULTS Seven thousand twenty-nine measurements of 3509 PHAMOUS-patients, and 748 measurements of 748 MOPHAR-patients, were included. There was systematic disagreement between the categorical CVR-assessments (all p < 0.036). Only MetS-status versus binary Framingham-assessment had a fair strength-of-agreement (κ = 0.23-0.28). The number of MetS-criteria and Framingham-scores, as well as MetS-criteria and PRIMROSE lipid-scores, showed a moderate-strong correlation (τ = 0.25-0.34). Finally, only the continuous PRIMROSE desk and lipid-outcomes showed moderate strength-of-agreement (ρ = 0.91). CONCLUSIONS The varying methods for CVR-assessment yield unequal risk predictions, and, consequently, carry the risk of significant disparities regarding treatment initiation in psychiatric patients. Considering the significantly increased health-risks in psychiatric patients, CVR-models should be recalibrated to the psychiatric population from adolescence onwards, and uniformly implemented by health care providers. TRIAL REGISTRATION The MOPHAR research has been prospectively registered with the Netherlands Trial Register on 19th of November 2014 (NL4779).
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Quadackers
- Mental Health Services Drenthe, P.O. box 30007, 9400 RA, Assen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | - Edith Liemburg
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fionneke Bos
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Psychology & Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Faculty of Behavioural and Social Sciences, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, 9712 TS, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Bennard Doornbos
- Research Department, Lentis Psychiatric Institute, Hereweg 80, 9725 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Arne Risselada
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Wilhelmina Hospital, Assen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Berger
- Department of General Practice & Elderly Care Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Visser
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Cath
- Mental Health Services Drenthe, P.O. box 30007, 9400 RA, Assen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Rob Giel Research Center, P.O. box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Koppehele-Gossel J, Weinmann LM, Klimke A, Windmann S, Voss U. Dreaming during a pandemic: Low incorporation of COVID-19-specific themes and lucidity in dreams of psychiatric patients and healthy controls. Int J Clin Health Psychol 2023; 23:100364. [PMID: 36589551 PMCID: PMC9790876 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijchp.2022.100364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study examined the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the emotional quality of dreams, the incorporation of pandemic-related themes, and the occurrence of lucid dreaming. Dream reports and lucidity ratings of psychiatric outpatients (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 81) during two lockdowns in Germany were compared to those of healthy controls (n = 33) before the pandemic. Results confirmed previous reports that pandemic-specific themes were incorporated into dreams. Overall, however, incorporation into dreams was rare. Contrary to expectations, psychiatric outpatients did not differ from controls in the frequency of dream incorporation of pandemic-related content. Moreover, incorporation was independent of psychiatric symptoms and loneliness. Loneliness was, however, associated with threat-related content, suggesting that it represents a risk for bad dreams but not for crisis-specific dream incorporation. Regarding lucid dreaming, both groups had similar scores for its underlying core dimensions, i.e., insight, control, and dissociation, during the two lockdowns. Scores for control and dissociation but not insight were lower compared to the pre-pandemic sample. Our working hypothesis is that REM sleep during lockdowns intensified as a means of increased emotional consolidation, rendering the associated mental state less hybrid and thereby less lucid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lena-Marie Weinmann
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Building PEG, Theodor-W.-Adorno-Platz 6, Frankfurt/Main 60629, Germany
| | - Ansgar Klimke
- Department of Clinical Sleep Research, VITOS Hochtaunus Klinik, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, Duesseldorf University, Duesseldorf, Germany
| | - Sabine Windmann
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Building PEG, Theodor-W.-Adorno-Platz 6, Frankfurt/Main 60629, Germany
| | - Ursula Voss
- Department of Clinical Sleep Research, VITOS Hochtaunus Klinik, Friedrichsdorf, Germany
- Department of Psychology, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Building PEG, Theodor-W.-Adorno-Platz 6, Frankfurt/Main 60629, Germany
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10
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Dong Z, Zhou J, Conti A, Westwood SJ, Fu X, Liu Q, Yuan Y, Huang X, Qiu C, Zhang X, Tang W. Association between alexithymia and non-suicidal self-injury in psychiatric patients: the mediating role of self-esteem and the moderating role of emotional intelligence. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 162:57-64. [PMID: 37088044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Raffagnato's theory claims that if people have no words to express their emotions (alexithymia), they express themselves by venting or through non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI). However, these associations have not been confirmed in psychiatric patients. This study explored the relationship between alexithymia and NSSI in psychiatric patients and the potential underlying psychological mechanisms. METHODS This retrospective study involved face-to-face interviews with 449 outpatients consecutively recruited from West China Hospital. Alexithymia, self-esteem, NSSI, and emotional intelligence (EI) were measured. The moderating role of EI and the mediating role of self-esteem between alexithymia and NSSI were also explored. Logistic regressions were used to examine whether sociodemographic, clinical variables and alexithymia were independently associated with NSSI. RESULTS The DSM-5 NSSI disorder and alexithymia prevalences were found to be 32.5% and 45.2%. When the other covariables were controlled for, the alexithymic patients were found to be at increased odds (OR 2.76) of engaging in NSSI behaviors. These results confirmed the strong associations between alexithymia, low self-esteem, and NSSI risk. Lower EI was found to be related to the connections between alexithymia and NSSI. Except for the lower risk in anxiety patients, the risk of NSSI was similar for patients with other mental disorders, CONCLUSION: This study revealed the psychological mechanisms through which alexithymia increases the risk of NSSI. Therefore, to reduce NSSI risk, screening for alexithymia should be emphasized. Self-esteem as a targeted psychological intervention could also assist in mitigating the process from alexithymia to NSSI behaviors, and EI training for psychiatric patients could weaken the relationship between alexithymia and NSSI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiquan Dong
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Leshan People's Hospital, Leshan, Sichuan, China
| | - Aldo Conti
- Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Samuel J Westwood
- Department of Psychology, School of Social Science, University of Westminster, London, UK
| | - Xia Fu
- Out-patient Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qi Liu
- Out-patient Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanling Yuan
- Department of Pharmacy of West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xia Huang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Changjian Qiu
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wanjie Tang
- Mental Health Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
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11
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Li H, Chen C, Chen Y, Han B, Chen Y, Cheng J, Wang N, Wang B, Lu Y. High prevalence of metabolic diseases, liver steatosis and fibrosis among Chinese psychiatric patients. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:206. [PMID: 36978006 PMCID: PMC10052799 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-04684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the differences of metabolic disorders between the general population and psychiatric patients, with an emphasis on the prevalence and influencing factors of liver fibrosis in psychiatric patients. METHODS A total of 734 psychiatric patients and 734 general population matched for age, sex, and BMI were enrolled from Shanghai, China. All participants underwent blood pressure, glucose, lipid profile measurements, and anthropometric parameters including body weight, height and waist circumference. FibroScan examinations were also performed on psychiatric patients. Liver steatosis and fibrosis were diagnosed by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM) by professional staff. RESULTS Compared with the general population, psychiatric patients revealed significantly higher burden of metabolic disorders. The overall prevalence of liver steatosis (CAP ≥ 233 dB/m) and fibrosis (LSM ≥ 7.0 kPa) was 48.7% and 15.5% in psychiatric patients. Psychiatric patients with liver steatosis or fibrosis showed worse metabolic profile. Meanwhile, the prevalence of liver fibrosis was also significantly higher in patients with overweight, central obesity, diabetes, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, and liver steatosis. In logistic regression analyses, age, BMI and visceral adiposity index were independent risk factors for liver fibrosis in psychiatric patients. Additionally, antipsychotic medication was suggested to be associated with an increased risk of liver fibrosis in psychiatric patients with liver steatosis. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence of liver steatosis and fibrosis is high in Chinese psychiatric patients. Those with antipsychotic polypharmacy and obesity are at high risk, and may benefit from early liver assessment in preventing fibrosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huixia Li
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Chi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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12
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Flannery RB, Flannery GJ. Characteristics of International Staff Victims of Psychiatric Patient Assaults: Review of Published Findings, 2017-2022. Psychiatr Q 2023; 94:79-88. [PMID: 36705881 PMCID: PMC9880918 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-022-10008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Psychiatric patient assaults on staff are a worldwide occupational hazard for health care staff that results in medical injury, human suffering, and dollar cost expense. International research through 2000-2017 documented the continued frequency of these assaults and a continuing high risk for nursing personnel. This present paper reviewed the international published literature on staff victims of patient assaults during the next five-year period of 2017-2022. There were 39,034 assaults on 34,679 employee victims. The findings indicate that assaults on staff remain a serious worldwide issue as it has been since the 1990s and that nursing personnel continued to be at greater risk. Aggression management approaches, post-incident interventions, and an updated methodological inquiry are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond B Flannery
- University of MA Chan School of Medicine, 7 Westchester Road, 02458, Newton, MA, USA.
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13
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Yahyavi S, Raisi F, Firoozikhojastefar R, Shahvari Z, Mirsepassi Z. Sex education for patients with severe mental illness in Iran: A qualitative study. PEC Innov 2022; 1:100016. [PMID: 37213718 PMCID: PMC10194151 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2022.100016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Objective Patients with severe mental illness may experience cognitive deficits, impaired judgment or loss of skills. Therefore, they are prone to sexual health complications. Sex education can promote sexual health, and in many countries, it is integrated into other domains of education. The educational contents taught in western countries are not necessarily appropriate for developing countries.This study aims to address sex educational content for these patients in Iran. Methods We have conducted twenty-three face-to-face, deep and semi-structured interviews with patients, family members, psychiatrists, general practitioners, nurses and psychologists. We used the strategy of maximum diversity in selecting the participants. Results "Improving basic knowledge," "decreasing the risk of unsafe sex", "empowerment" and "persuading to ask for help" should be covered in the education. Conclusions Sexuality is not considered a priority for these patients. It is necessary to develop a training program with simple educational content for this high-risk group. Innovation Raising awareness and knowledge about the possible risks of social media on high-risk behaviours, developing social and behavioural skills, and encouraging patients to talk about their new challenges in sexual life is recommended. Cultural, spiritual and personal beliefs should be considered in designing the educational program.
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Affiliation(s)
- SeyyedTaha Yahyavi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Firoozeh Raisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Shahvari
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, Gachsaran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gachsaran, Iran
| | - Zahra Mirsepassi
- Department of Psychiatry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author at: Department of Psychiatry, Roozbeh Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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14
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Dell'Osso B, Viganò C, Conti D, Scarpa C, Casati L, Albert U, Carmassi C, Carrà G, Cirulli F, Nanni MG, Pompili M, Sampogna G, Sani G, Tortorella A, Volpe U, Fiorillo A. Insomnia and related factors in patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders compared to the general population during the COVID-19 lockdown: Findings from the multicentric COMET study. Compr Psychiatry 2022; 118:152345. [PMID: 35988374 PMCID: PMC9364932 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2022.152345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has heavily impacted social, economic and health systems worldwide. Necessary confinement measures have, in turn, contributed to the occurrence of several stress-related conditions and deterioration of pre-existing mental conditions, including insomnia. OBJECTIVE The present study sought to investigate the occurrence and severity of insomnia during the COVID-19 lockdown among psychiatric patients and in the general population in the largest Italian sample examined to date. Potential factors associated with a risk of developing insomnia in the global sample were examined as well. METHODS A sample of 20,720 people (5.5% of them being psychiatric patients) was assessed through an online survey conducted during lockdown between March and May 2020. To investigate the occurrence and severity of sleep related issues, the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) was used. In order to evaluate factors associated with the severity of insomnia in the global sample, multivariate linear regression models were performed. RESULTS During the lockdown, patients with pre-existing mental disorders reported a mean higher score on the ISI scale (p < 0.001) compared to the general population. According to the multivariate regression models, the first three weeks of lockdown were significantly associated with a higher risk of insomnia, but the risk disappeared in the fourth week. Other associated factors included: the presence of a pre-existing mental disorder, ages 24 to 64 years old, and/or being female (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Although containment measures represent essential public health strategies to avoid the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, sleep was one of the aspects affected during the early stages of the lockdown in both people with pre-existing mental disorders and general population. As an integral part of COVID-19 intervention, it is useful to raise awareness about these issues and to adopt both preventive and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo Dell'Osso
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy; "Aldo Ravelli" Center for Nanotechnology and Neurostimulation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.
| | - Caterina Viganò
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Dario Conti
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Carolina Scarpa
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Casati
- ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Luigi Sacco University Hospital, Psychiatry 2 Unit, University of Milan, Italy
| | - Umberto Albert
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste and Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano Isontina - ASUGI, Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudia Carmassi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Carrà
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milan Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirulli
- Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Giulia Nanni
- Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Biomedical and Specialty Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pompili
- Department of Neurosciences, Mental Health and Sensory Organs, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Gaia Sampogna
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy,Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Umberto Volpe
- Clinical Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Andrea Fiorillo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy
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15
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Dagnew EM, Ayalew MB, Alemnew Mekonnen G, Geremew AB, Abdela OA. Drug-related problems and associated factors among adult psychiatric inpatients in Northwest Ethiopia: Multicenter cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221112485. [PMID: 36032653 PMCID: PMC9403454 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221112485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence of drug-related problems and the factors
influencing them among adult psychiatric inpatients. Methods: A multi-centre cross-sectional observational study was conducted from April
to July 2021 at five randomly selected hospitals in Northwest Ethiopia. A
total of 325 consecutively sampled patients participated in the study.
Clinical pharmacists assessed the drug-related problems based on clinical
judgement supported by updated evidence-based disease guidelines. We used
the Medscape drug-interactions checker to check drug-to-drug interactions.
The results were summarised using descriptive statistics, including
frequency, mean, and standard deviation. For each variable, an odds ratio
with a 95% confidence interval was calculated, as well as the related
p-value. The value of p ⩽ 0.05 was
considered statistically significant. Results: From the total number of 325 study participants, more than half of them
(52.9%) were females, and the mean age ± (standard deviation) was
30.8 ± 11.3 years. At least one drug-related problem was recorded by 60.9%
to 95% confidence interval (55.7–65.8) of study participants, with a mean of
0.6 ± 0.49 per patient. Additional drug therapy was the most common
drug-related problem (22.8%) followed by non-adherence to medicine (20.6%)
and adverse drug reactions (11%), respectively. Factors independent
associated with drug-related problems were rural residence (adjusted odds
ratio = 1.96, 95% confidence interval: 1.01–2.84,
p-value = 0.046), self-employed (adjusted odds ratio = 6.0,
95% confidence interval: 1.0–36.9, p-value = 0.035) and
alcohol drinkers (adjusted odds ratio = 6.40, 95% confidence interval:
1.12–37.5, p-value = 0.034). Conclusion: The prevalence of drug-related problems among adult psychiatric patients
admitted to psychiatric wards was high. Healthcare providers give more
attention to tackling these problems. Being a rural resident, self-employed,
and alcohol drinkers were associated with drug-related problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ephrem Mebratu Dagnew
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Biset Ayalew
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.,Pharmacy, School of Rural Medicine, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
| | - Gizework Alemnew Mekonnen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Alehegn Bishaw Geremew
- Department of Reproductive Health, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Ousman Abubeker Abdela
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Calvete E, Royuela-Colomer E, Maruottolo C. Emotion dysregulation and mindfulness in non-suicidal self-injury. Psychiatry Res 2022; 314:114691. [PMID: 35777277 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the association between mindfulness and engagement in non-suicidal self-injury (ENSSI) and whether emotion dysregulation explains this association. A secondary objective was to explore the difference between participants who engaged in a suicide attempt and those who only engaged in non-suicidal self-injury. A sample of 201 psychiatric patients (62.7% female; age range: 18-71 years old) participated in the study. The path analysis indicated that trait mindfulness was negatively associated with all emotion dysregulation dimensions and that one of these dimensions, impulse control difficulty, was associated with higher ENSSI. Moreover, impulse control difficulty was associated with increased odds of having attempted suicide. These findings suggest that mindfulness is a relevant construct to ENSSI with and without a suicide attempt. Future studies should investigate mindfulness-based interventions for ENSSI and the role played by the capacity to control impulses when experiencing negative emotions.
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Kim AM. Psychiatric hospitalization in Korea, 2011-2020: the impact of the Mental Health Act revision of 2017 in consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic. Asian J Psychiatr 2022; 68:102934. [PMID: 34894432 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2021.102934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was performed to examine the changes in psychiatric hospitalization in Korea after the mental health law revision of 2017 with consideration of the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS The data were obtained from National Health Insurance and Medical Aid statistical yearbooks of 2011-2020. The changes in the inpatient and outpatient utilization for schizophrenia from 2011 to 2020 were compared with those for other psychiatric disorders and the general population. With difference-in-differences analysis, the changes in utilization of inpatient and outpatient care for schizophrenia after the law revision of 2017 were analyzed with two comparison groups. RESULTS While the number of inpatients and inpatient days for schizophrenia decreased between 2017 and 2019, the number of outpatients and outpatient visits for schizophrenia increased during the period. Inpatient care utilization in two comparison groups increased during the same period. Whereas the COVID-19 pandemic of 2020 led to a general decrease in health care use among the population including inpatient care for schizophrenia, the number of outpatients for schizophrenia increased slightly after the pandemic. Difference-in-differences analysis showed that the law revision was associated with the decrease in the use of inpatient care for schizophrenia after adjustment for the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic. CONCLUSIONS The mental health law revision in Korea led to a significant decrease in hospitalization for schizophrenia. However, the limited effect of revision on the Medical Aid beneficiaries suggests that the revision was not followed by the provision of the proper alternatives which can replace hospitalization of the most vulnerable population.
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Avci D, Duran S, Oz YC, Basak I. Suicide probability in psychiatric patients' primary caregivers: The role of care burden, alexithymia and some risk factors. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2021; 35:457-64. [PMID: 34561059 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2021.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although suicidal ideation seems to be related with both burden of care and alexithymia, there is no study investigating the correlation between these factors and suicide probability in informal caregivers of psychiatric patients in the literature. AIM In this study, it was aimed to determine the suicide probability in psychiatric patients' primary caregivers, and to evaluate the effects of care burden, alexithymia and some risk factors on suicide probability. METHODS This study was conducted with 262 caregivers between February 2019 and December 2019. Data were collected with the Personal Information Form, Suicide Probability Scale, Zarit Burden Interview, Toronto Alexithymia Scale. RESULTS The mean score the caregivers obtained from the Suicide Probability Scale was 79.75 ± 59.29, and 17.9% of them were at risk for suicide. Also, caregivers' suicide probability was related to variables such as caregivers' sex, economic status, presence of any disease, duration of care, and patients' education level, psychiatric diagnosis, duration of illness, presence of physical illness, compliance with treatment. In addition, caregivers' burden and alexithymia levels were significantly associated with the participating caregivers' suicide probability. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that approximately one out of every five caregivers was at risk for suicide. Therefore, hospital and community-based intervention strategies to support caregivers should be developed.
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Abstract
To explore the prevalence of SARS-CoV2 infection in the psychiatric emergency room setting. A Cross-sectional retrospective chart review was used to determine the point-prevalence of SARS-CoV2 infection and the characteristics of those infected. Of the patients tested for SARS-CoV2, 23/1057 (2.2%) were positive. Most of these patients were homeless (living on the street) or came from congregate living settings. The high percentage of SARS-CoV2 positive psychiatric patients coming from congregate living settings stresses the importance of asymptomatic screening in this vulnerable population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey Cardenas
- Olive View UCLA Medical Center, 14445 Olive View Dr. Cottage H1, Sylmar, CA USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Janine Roach
- Olive View UCLA Medical Center, 14445 Olive View Dr. Cottage H1, Sylmar, CA USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Alex Kopelowicz
- Olive View UCLA Medical Center, 14445 Olive View Dr. Cottage H1, Sylmar, CA USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA David Geffen School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA USA
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Chang S, Woo YS, Wang SM, Lim HK, Bahk WM. Patient Factors Influencing Outpatient Retention in Patients with Affective and Anxiety Disorders: A Retrospective Study. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2021; 19:545-553. [PMID: 34294624 PMCID: PMC8316657 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2021.19.3.545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study is to identify the factors that affect retention in outpatients with psychiatric disorders as indicators of treatment adherence, including Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) scores. METHODS The medical records of 146 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or anxiety disorder for at least 10 years and discharged were retrospectively reviewed in the present study. The subjects were categorized based on the duration of outpatient treatment as < 6 months (L6) or ≥ 6 months (M6) groups and reclassified as < 36 months (L36) and ≥ 36 months (M36) groups. The demographic, clinical, and personality characteristics of the groups were compared. RESULTS Patients in M6 and M36 groups were more likely to have a higher educational level compared with those in the L6 and L36 groups, respectively. Patients in the M6 group showed significantly lower hypomania (Ma) scores on the MMPI test than did patients in the L6 group. CONCLUSION The association between high Ma score on the MMPI test and early discontinuation of treatment suggests that impulsivity, hostility, and disinhibition confer higher risk of nonadherence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyeon Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Severance Hospital, Yonesi University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Sup Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sheng-Min Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Kook Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won-Myong Bahk
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
Spiritual well-being is among the factors that affect subjective recovery. This study aimed to explore the relationship between subjective recovery and spiritual well-being among psychiatric patients and to identify the factors that affected their subjective recovery. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with 96 patients admitted to the psychiatry clinic of a hospital. It was found that the patients had high subjective recovery assessment levels and medium levels of spiritual well-being. There was a positive association between the patients' subjective recovery assessments and their spiritual well-being, and spiritual well-being was a significant predictor of the subjective recovery level. It is recommended that mental health professionals focus on serving patients through a holistic healthcare approach and enhancing patients' subjective recovery levels through applications that will strengthen the spiritual dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yüksel Can Öz
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychiatric Nursing, Yüksel Can ÖZ, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Songül Duran
- Care of Elderly Program, Izmir Demokrasi University, Health Services Vocational College, Izmir, Turkey.
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Almaghrebi AH. Risk factors for attempting suicide during the COVID-19 lockdown: Identification of the high-risk groups. J Taibah Univ Med Sci 2021; 16:605-611. [PMID: 34121981 PMCID: PMC8186882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2021.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives In the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, we have witnessed a rise in the instances of mental health problems and the suicide-related mortality rates. This study aims to identify the suicide-related risk factors and stressors to determine the groups at a greater risk of attempting suicide during the COVID-19 lockdown. Methods This retrospective study examined 29 cases of attempted suicide during the 3-month COVID-19 lockdown in KSA. The suicide risk factors were evaluated using specific instrument the modified (SAD PERSONS) scale. It is an acronym for sex, age, depression, previous attempt, excess alcohol, rational thinking loss, social status, organized plan, no social supports and stated future intent. Results The lockdown stressors that may have triggered suicidal behaviours were identified as follows: psychological distress, relationship problems, financial difficulties, and extreme fear of the COVID-19 infection. While all age groups carried the risk of attempting suicide during the lockdown, patients with psychiatric disorders and women accounted for 69% and 65.5% of the cohort, respectively. Factors like hopelessness and depression were highly related to suicide attempts, as well as the statement of future intent to repeat the attempt, at 72.4% and 65.5% respectively. Almost two-thirds of the attempts made were serious, and many women felt unsafe in their own homes during the lockdown. Conclusion Patients with pre-existing psychiatric disorders and women carry high risk of attempting suicide during the COVID-19 lockdown. This study offers insights on the greater outreach efforts that can be carried out for these patients by calling for the prioritization of mental health care, improvement of domestic violence services, and strengthening of suicide prevention strategies.
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Pronk R, Willems DL, van de Vathorst S. Do Doctors Differentiate Between Suicide and Physician-Assisted Death? A Qualitative Study into the Views of Psychiatrists and General Practitioners. Cult Med Psychiatry 2021; 45:268-281. [PMID: 32833142 PMCID: PMC8110501 DOI: 10.1007/s11013-020-09686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Physician-assisted death for patients suffering from psychiatric disorders is allowed in the Netherlands under certain circumstances. One of the central problems that arise with regard to this practice is the question of whether it is possible to distinguish between suicidality and a request for physician-assisted death. We set up this study to gain insight into how psychiatrists and general practitioners distinguish between suicidality and physician-assisted death. The data for this study were collected through qualitative interviews with 20 general practitioners and 17 psychiatrists in the Netherlands. From the interviews, we conclude that physicians distinguish three types of death wishes among patients suffering from psychiatric disorders: 'impulsive suicidality,' 'chronic suicidality,' and 'rational death wishes.' To discern between them they evaluate whether the death wish is seen as part of the psychopathology, whether it is consistent over time, and whether they consider it treatable. Some considered physician-assisted death an alternative to a 'rational suicide,' as this was perceived to be a more humane manner of death for the patient and their relatives. We argue that physician-assisted death can be justified also in some cases in which the death wish is part of the psychopathology, as the patient's suffering can be unbearable and irremediable. Physician-assisted death in these cases may remain the only option left to relieve the suffering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalie Pronk
- Department of General Practice, Medical Ethics Section, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of General Practice, Medical Ethics Section, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam UMC, Room J2-219, PO Box 22660, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Dick L Willems
- Department of General Practice, Medical Ethics Section, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Suzanne van de Vathorst
- Department of General Practice, Medical Ethics Section, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Medical Ethics and Philosophy, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Szymanski BR, Hein TC, Schoenbaum M, McCarthy JF, Katz IR. Facility-Level Excess Mortality of VHA Patients With Mental Health or Substance Use Disorder Diagnoses. Psychiatr Serv 2021; 72:408-414. [PMID: 33502219 DOI: 10.1176/appi.ps.202000282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Individuals with mental or substance use disorders have higher mortality rates than people in the general population. How excess mortality varies across health care facilities is unknown. The authors sought to investigate facility-level mortality rates among Veterans Health Administration (VHA) patients who had received diagnoses of mental or substance use disorders. METHODS An electronic medical records-based retrospective cohort study was conducted, encompassing 8,812,373 unique users of 139 VHA facilities from 2011 to 2016. Covariates included age, sex, and past-year diagnoses of serious mental illness, posttraumatic stress disorder, major depressive disorder, other mental health conditions, or substance use disorders. The outcome was all-cause mortality per comprehensive Veterans Affairs/Department of Defense searches of the National Death Index. Proportional hazards regression was used to calculate overall and facility-specific hazard ratios (HRs) for each diagnosis group, adjusted for age, sex, and comorbid medical conditions. RESULTS Overall, all-cause mortality was statistically significantly elevated among VHA users with mental health diagnoses (HR=1.21, 95% confidence interval=1.20-1.22). HRs varied across facilities consistently over time. At the VHA facility level, diagnostic groups were significantly correlated with the degree of excess mortality. Results were similar in sensitivity analyses that excluded deaths from suicide or drug or alcohol overdose. CONCLUSIONS VHA users with mental or substance use disorder diagnoses had elevated mortality rates. Correlation in excess mortality across two periods indicated that facility differences in excess mortality were persistent and therefore potentially associated with facility- and community-level factors, which may help inform quality improvement efforts to reduce mortality rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin R Szymanski
- Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Szymanski, Hein, McCarthy); Division of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Schoenbaum); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McCarthy); Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Philadelphia (Katz)
| | - Tyler C Hein
- Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Szymanski, Hein, McCarthy); Division of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Schoenbaum); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McCarthy); Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Philadelphia (Katz)
| | - Michael Schoenbaum
- Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Szymanski, Hein, McCarthy); Division of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Schoenbaum); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McCarthy); Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Philadelphia (Katz)
| | - John F McCarthy
- Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Szymanski, Hein, McCarthy); Division of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Schoenbaum); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McCarthy); Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Philadelphia (Katz)
| | - Ira R Katz
- Serious Mental Illness Treatment Resource and Evaluation Center, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Ann Arbor, Michigan (Szymanski, Hein, McCarthy); Division of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, Maryland (Schoenbaum); Department of Psychiatry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (McCarthy); Office of Mental Health and Suicide Prevention, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, Philadelphia (Katz)
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Tam W, Ho R, Ho C, Hao F, Tan W, Ho R. Reply to letter. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93:426-427. [PMID: 33359381 PMCID: PMC8437894 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Tam
- Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Cyrus Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Fengyi Hao
- The First People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area, Chongqing, China.
| | - Wanqiu Tan
- National University of Singapore (Chongqing) Research Institute, Chongqing, China.
| | - Roger Ho
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Level 9, NUHS Tower Block, 1E Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119228, Singapore.
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Seet V, Abdin E, Asharani PV, Lee YY, Roystonn K, Wang P, Devi F, Cetty L, Teh WL, Verma S, Mok YM, Subramaniam M. Physical activity, sedentary behaviour and smoking status among psychiatric patients in Singapore - a cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:110. [PMID: 33602151 PMCID: PMC7893878 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03103-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unhealthy behaviours such as physical inactivity, sedentary behaviour and smoking have been found to be more prevalent in people with psychiatric disorders than in the general population, leading to increased mortality risk. The present study seeks to identify correlates of physical activity and sedentary behaviour among psychiatric patients in Singapore, as well as investigate differences in their physical activity patterns by smoking status. METHODS Participants (n = 380) were recruited from a tertiary psychiatric hospital in Singapore as part of a study on the prevalence and correlates of smoking among psychiatric patients. Physical activity levels and sedentary behaviour were measured using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ) and analysed based on GPAQ guidelines. Chi-square analyses were conducted to examine differences in physical activity by smoking status, and logistic regression analyses to yield sociodemographic correlates of meeting physical activity guidelines (as recommended by the World Health Organization) and sedentary behaviour. RESULTS Education was found to be significantly associated with meeting recommended physical activity levels, while age and marital status were significantly associated with excessive sedentary behaviour. Additionally, while no significant differences were found among current, former and non-smokers across all types of physical activity engagement levels, there was a high prevalence of inadequate physical activity (43.2%) and excessive sedentary behaviour (38.8%) among participants. CONCLUSION Given the high prevalence of inadequate physical activity and excessive sedentary behaviour among current, former and non-smokers with psychiatric disorders, programmes aimed at increasing physical activity and lowering sedentary behaviour levels should be integrated into targeted treatment plans to improve clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Seet
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - P. V. Asharani
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Ying Lee
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kumarasan Roystonn
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Laxman Cetty
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wen Lin Teh
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Swapna Verma
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Early Psychosis Intervention Programme, Institute of Mental health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yee Ming Mok
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Department of Mood and Anxiety, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- grid.414752.10000 0004 0469 9592Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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Perrone McIntosh JT. Emergency department nurses' care of psychiatric patients: A scoping review. Int Emerg Nurs 2020; 54:100929. [PMID: 33302241 DOI: 10.1016/j.ienj.2020.100929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The emergency department (ED) is a difficult place for psychiatric patients. However, individuals with mental illness often use the Emergency Department as a primary source of healthcare. This study was conducted to identify and examine published literature related to ED nurses' care of individuals with mental illness and to identify associated research gaps. A scoping review within the Arksey and O'Malley [11] framework was undertaken to answer, "what factors influence ED nurses' care of individuals with mental illness?" Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. The PRISMA method [16] was used to illustrate the flow of studies. The review resulted in three main themes influencing ED nurses' care for psychiatric patients. These were concerns related to environment; beliefs and perceptions; and knowledge and confidence. The results are described and framed within Biddle's role theory [33], and the gaps in the literature related to research and recommendations for specific investigations are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer T Perrone McIntosh
- Adelphi University, Garden City, NY 11531, United States; Farmingdale State College, Farmingdale, NY 11735, United States.
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Sahebalzamani M, Rezaei O, Moghadam LF. Animal-assisted therapy on happiness and life quality of chronic psychiatric patients living in psychiatric residential care homes: a randomized controlled study. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:575. [PMID: 33261578 PMCID: PMC7709314 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02980-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients who live in psychiatric residential care homes may often feel a loss of autonomy, decision making, and participation in social activities. They usually have few or no visitors and also do not have any purpose for living. Animals may increase the happiness and quality of life of psychiatric patients. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Animal-Assisted Therapy (AAT) on happiness and quality of life of chronic psychiatric patients living in psychiatric residential care homes in Tehran, Iran. METHODS This randomized controlled trial was conducted with 70 males with a chronic psychiatric disorder who were living in psychiatric residential care homes in Tehran, Iran, in 2016. The patients were randomly selected and divided into animal therapy intervention group and control group. Patients in the intervention group received animal-therapy with a bird for eight weeks. Patients in the control group received no intervention. The Oxford Happiness Inventory evaluated all patients pre and post-intervention. To evaluate life quality, the Wisconsin Quality of Life Index was used. Data were statically analyzed using SPSS Ver.19.0. ANCOVA with pretest statistical control. The significance level was set as p < 0.05. RESULTS The mean age in both control and intervention groups were 47.12 and 45.82 years, and the mean age of illness onset for both control and intervention groups was 18.94 and 16.83 years, respectively. The result of this study showed that happiness in the intervention group had significantly increased (p < 0.001). The results also showed that the quality of life in four sub-domains increased significantly. CONCLUSION To bring happiness to chronic psychiatric patients living in psychiatric residential care homes is essential and may result in returning them to society and healthy life. The results of this study showed that AAT was helpful for chronic psychiatric patients living in psychiatric residential care homes and not only made them happy but also increased their quality of life. TRIAL REGISTRATION This was registered in Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT) (clinical trial code: IRCT20101013004922N4. Registered 2018-08-19. Retrospectively registered, https://www.irct.ir/trial/32390.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sahebalzamani
- grid.411463.50000 0001 0706 2472Department of Management, Faculty of Health, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Rezaei
- grid.472458.80000 0004 0612 774XDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Fattah Moghadam
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of nursing and midwifery, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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Marrero RJ, Fumero A, de Miguel A, Peñate W. Psychological factors involved in psychopharmacological medication adherence in mental health patients: A systematic review. Patient Educ Couns 2020; 103:2116-2131. [PMID: 32402489 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopharmacological medication adherence is essential for psychiatric patients' treatment and well-being. OBJECTIVE This review aimed to identify psychological factors related to health control that have been linked to psychopharmacological medication adherence in psychiatric patients. METHODS A literature search was performed through the databases Medline, PubMed, PsycINFO, and Google Scholar to identify relevant studies published before October 15th, 2019. Articles published in peer-reviewed journals that analyzed the psychological factors of health belief and health control involved in psychopharmacological medication adherence in a psychiatric population were included. RESULTS The search identified 124 potentially relevant papers, 29 of which met the eligibility criteria. The final sample was 222 adolescents, most with a diagnosis of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and 6139 adults diagnosed especially with schizophrenia spectrum disorder, bipolar disorder, or depressive disorder. Results suggested that medication adherence is associated with health beliefs and psychological variables, such as self-efficacy and locus of control. Family support was also positively related to medication adherence. CONCLUSION Psychopharmacological medication adherence requires a consideration of multicausality, which depends on sociodemographic, clinical, and psychological factors. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS These findings should be considered in the development and implementation of psychological interventions focused on self-control and family support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario J Marrero
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna Campus de Guajara, 38200, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Ascensión Fumero
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna Campus de Guajara, 38200, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Adelia de Miguel
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna Campus de Guajara, 38200, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Wenceslao Peñate
- Dept. of Clinical Psychology, Psychobiology and Methodology, Universidad de La Laguna Campus de Guajara, 38200, Tenerife, Spain
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Bušková J, Miletínová E, Kliková M, Bareš M, Novák T, Kosová J, Stopková P, Kopřivová J. Associated factors of REM sleep without atonia in younger (≤ 50 years) hospitalized psychiatric patients. BMC Psychiatry 2020; 20:482. [PMID: 32998749 PMCID: PMC7528593 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-020-02879-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Isolated REM sleep without atonia (RSWA) as a main polysomnograhic feature of REM sleep behaviour disorder (RBD) is thought to be a prodromal or subclinical state of the disease. RSWA/RBD occurence in psychiatric population is much more frequent than in general population but its associated factors are still not known. METHODS We invited 88 psychiatry in-patients to undervent video-polysomnography. The visual scoring was focused on RSWA in submentales and flexores digitales superficiales muscles. This parametr was subsequently correlated mainly with age/gender, their medication and mental status. RESULTS The RWSA was mostly still in normal range despite the fact, that selected psychiatry patients (≤ 50 years) were taking several classes of psychoactive medication. 3,6% had convincingly RBD, although 35.7% reported rare lifetime occurence of dream-enacting behaviour and 62.8% sporadic nightmares. We found correlation between RSWA and SNRI medication class (p = 0.015), specifically venlafaxine (p = 0.029) as well as quetiapine (p = 0.030). Another significant associated factors were current anxiety (p < 0.001) and depressive symptoms (p = 0.05), but we found no relation between RSWA and given diagnosis. CONLUCIONS Isolated RSWA in younger psychiatry patients might be a result of multiple factors, including medication and current mental status but these factors are in most cases not sufficient to manifest RBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Bušková
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic.
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Eva Miletínová
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Monika Kliková
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Bareš
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Novák
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Kosová
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Stopková
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Kopřivová
- Department of Sleep Medicine, National Institute of Mental Health, Topolová 748, 250 67, Klecany, Czech Republic
- Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
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Gualtieri G, Traverso S, Pozza A, Ferretti F, Carabellese F, Gusinu R, Coluccia A. Clinical risk management in High-Security Forensic Psychiatry Residences. Protecting patients and health professionals: perspectives and critical issues of the Law 81/2014. Clin Ter 2020; 171:e97-e100. [PMID: 32141478 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2020.2196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The Italian Law n. 9/2012 provided the Italian Regions with a new decisional role by demanding the management/rehabilitation of prisoners judged as partially/fully mentally ill to care and protection delivered by the psychiatric services of the Regional Health Service. Healthcare has to be guaranteed by the so-called High-Security Forensic Psychiatry Residences (Italian: Residenze per l'Esecuzione delle Misure di Sicurezza: REMS) and by community mental health centres. Ensuring patients' and professionals' health and safety is a complex issue which requires effective strategies to cope with several structural, technological, and organisational problems. The present paper summarises the historical evolution of the Italian laws towards the development of the High-Security Forensic Psychiatry Residences in Italy, focusing specifically on the Tuscany Region situation. The paper also presents the key issues emerging after the implementation of the Law 81/2014 which complemented the Law 9/2012. Since these reforms included the need for assessing to what extent the patient may be considered as a danger to society and for ensuring the safety of National Health Service (NHS) professionals, they underscored the importance of a preventive use of specific clinical governance tools aimed to reduce risk of adverse events. The present work has the strength of proposing a new, evidence-based scientific approach to the implementation of assessment and care pathways in High-Security Forensic Psychiatry Residences.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gualtieri
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena
| | - S Traverso
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena
| | - A Pozza
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena
| | - F Ferretti
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena
| | | | - R Gusinu
- Health Service Management Board, Santa Maria alle Scotte University Hospital of Siena, Siena
| | - A Coluccia
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena
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Chudzicka-Czupała A, Zalewska-Łunkiewicz K. Subjective well-being, general self-efficacy and coping with stress in former psychiatric patients preparing for the peer support role: an exploratory study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:98. [PMID: 32276662 PMCID: PMC7146947 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background People who experienced a mental crisis are involved in providing care for others who face psychiatric hospitalization. The idea of peer workforce has been developed mostly in American and European behavioral health systems. Similar program is implemented to Polish mental health care. The purpose of the study was to find out if candidates for peer support workers with different levels of subjective well-being differed also in terms of general self-efficacy and in the ways of coping with stress. Methods As the problem has not been studied before exploratory study was conducted. The study covered a group of 72 subjects, 46 women and 26 men, aged 21–62 years (M = 41.43; SD = 10.37), former psychiatric patients, preparing for a peer worker role. We used the following questionnaires: Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being (PWB) Scales, in the Polish adaptation by Krok, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) by Schwarzer and Jerusalem, in adaptation by Schwarzer, Jerusalem and Juczyński and Brief-COPE by Carver, in adaptation by Juczyński and Ogińska-Bulik. Results The results of cluster analysis pointed to the existence of two groups of individuals with significantly different levels of subjective well-being. Then MANOVA was used. It was determined that individuals with a higher level of well-being were characterized by a higher level of self-efficacy, a higher tendency to use positive reframing strategy and propensity towards active behavior when coping with stress, as well as by a lower propensity towards self-blaming and behavioral disengagement. Conclusions The study demonstrates that further empirical explorations are justified. The results also encourage a search for some more possible conditions of well-being. It would be advisable to train candidates for mental health peer workers by focusing on the strengthening of their subjective well being and developing active forms of coping with stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Chudzicka-Czupała
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Psychology in Katowice, Department of Social and Organizational Behavior Psychology, ul. Techników 9, 40-326, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Karolina Zalewska-Łunkiewicz
- SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Faculty of Psychology in Katowice, Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, ul. Techników 9, 40-326, Katowice, Poland
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Tedeschi F, Donisi V, Salazzari D, Cresswell-Smith J, Wahlbeck K, Amaddeo F. Clinical and organizational factors predicting readmission for mental health patients across Italy. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2020; 55:187-196. [PMID: 31463615 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-019-01766-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of our study are: to explore rehospitalization in mental health services across Italian regions, Local Health Districts (LHDs), and hospitals; to examine the predictive power of different clinical and organizational factors. METHODS The data set included adult patients resident in Italy discharged from a general hospital episode with a main psychiatric diagnosis in 2012. Independent variables at the individual, hospital, LHD, and region levels were used. Outcome variables were individual-level readmission and LHD-level readmission rate to any hospital at 1-year follow-up. The association with readmission of each variable was assessed through both single- and multi-level logistic regression; descriptive statistics were provided to assess geographical variation. Relevance of contextual effects was investigated through a series of random-effects regressions without covariates. RESULTS The national 1-year readmission rate was 43.0%, with a cross-regional coefficient of variation of 6.28%. Predictors of readmission were: admission in the same LHD as residence, psychotic disorder, higher length of stay (LoS), higher rate of public beds in the LHD; protective factors were: young age, involuntary admission, and intermediate number of public healthcare staff at the LHD level. Contextual factors turned out to affect readmission only to a limited degree. CONCLUSIONS Homogeneity of readmission rates across regions, LHDs, hospitals, and groups of patients may be considered as a positive feature in terms of equity of the mental healthcare system. Our results highlight that readmission is mainly determined by individual-level factors. Future research is needed to better explore the relationship between readmission and LoS, discharge decision, and resource availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Tedeschi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Ospedale Policlinico "G.B. Rossi", University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - V Donisi
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Ospedale Policlinico "G.B. Rossi", University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - D Salazzari
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Ospedale Policlinico "G.B. Rossi", University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - J Cresswell-Smith
- Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - K Wahlbeck
- Mental Health Unit, National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), P.O. Box 30, 00271, Helsinki, Finland
| | - F Amaddeo
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Ospedale Policlinico "G.B. Rossi", University of Verona, P.le L.A. Scuro, 10, 37134, Verona, Italy
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Abstract
Clostridium perfringens food poisoning can be fatal in patients with chronic constipation. We report the investigation and management of a probable outbreak of C. perfringens food poisoning among psychiatric patients in Cape Town, South Africa, in 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colleen Bamford
- Medical Microbiologist, Pathcare, East London, South Africa.,National Health Laboratory Service, Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa.,Division of Medical Microbiology, Department of Pathology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter Milligan
- Department of Psychiatry, Ngwelezana Hospital, Empangeni, South Africa.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Sean Kaliski
- Forensic Mental Health Service, Valkenberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Afria.,Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Moore CO, Moonie S, Anderson J. Factors Associated with Rapid Readmission Among Nevada State Psychiatric Hospital Patients. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:804-10. [PMID: 30094738 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-018-0316-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Rapid readmission (RR) of psychiatric patients within 30 days of discharge places a costly burden on state psychiatric facilities and may indicate suboptimal service provisions. Information regarding variables associated with RR of psychiatric patients is limited, particularly in Nevada. This study attempts to identify factors associated with RR at a Nevada state psychiatric hospital. Participants included 7177 patients admitted between May 2012 and April 2014. Using logistic regression, all admissions were reviewed and rapid readmits compared to counterparts who were not readmitted within 30 days. Nevada suffers from budget cuts in mental health care spending because of recent economic crisis and severe lack of bed space. This study demonstrates that it may be possible to reduce rates of costly RR by focusing on those with a history of RR and modifiable factors including social and financial support, as well as reliable and stable housing.
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Frühauf A, Sevecke K, Kopp M. [Current state of the scientific literature on effects of therapeutic climbing on mental health - conclusion: a lot to do]. Neuropsychiatr 2019; 33:1-7. [PMID: 30128657 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-018-0283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapeutic Climbing is applied in physiological as well as in psychological rehabilitation programs. Systematic reviews have been conducted, evaluating the physiological effects of therapeutic climbing. The aim of the following article is a review on existing literature about the psychological effects of climbing therapy. METHODS We searched the databases of PubMed, Scholar and ScienceDirect up to December 2017 in German and English language. Trials were included if they assessed psychological variables in climbing interventions. RESULTS Seven articles were included in the following review. Effectiveness of climbing therapy was studied in a) adult inpatients with mental disorders (n = 3), b) adult outpatients with mental disorders (n = 1), c) children with motoric deficits and disabilities (n = 2), d) healthy adults (n = 1). All trials had major methodological limitations. Control groups if present, were defined differently. Three trials assessed self-efficacy and revealed enhanced self-efficacy after the climbing intervention. No psychological differences were seen between aerobic exercise and climbing therapy in healthy adults. Acute positive affective changes were seen in in-patients with major depressive disorders after a climbing session compared to a relaxation session. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of climbing therapy on psychological outcomes remains unclear. Limited evidence with varying age groups (children and adults) and a high risk of bias shows enhanced self-efficacy through climbing therapy. There is a need for further studies in children and adults on psychological outcomes through climbing therapy, especially in comparison with aerobic activity interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anika Frühauf
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Innsbruck, Fürstenweg 185, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich.
| | - Kathrin Sevecke
- Universitätsklinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik im Kindes- und Jugendalter, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | - Martin Kopp
- Institut für Sportwissenschaft, Universität Innsbruck, Fürstenweg 185, 6020, Innsbruck, Österreich
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Horowitz LM, Thurm A, Farmer C, Mazefsky C, Lanzillo E, Bridge JA, Greenbaum R, Pao M, Siegel M. Talking About Death or Suicide: Prevalence and Clinical Correlates in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder in the Psychiatric Inpatient Setting. J Autism Dev Disord 2018. [PMID: 28624965 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-017-3180-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Little is known about suicidal ideation in youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), making it difficult to identify those at heightened risk. This study describes the prevalence of thoughts about death and suicide in 107 verbal youth with ASD with non-verbal IQ >55, assessed during inpatient psychiatric admission. Per parent report, 22% of youth with ASD had several day periods when they talked about death or suicide "often," or "very often." Clinical correlates included the presence of a comorbid mood (OR 2.71, 95% CI 1.12-6.55) or anxiety disorder (OR 2.32, 95% CI 1.10-4.93). The results suggest a need for developmentally appropriate suicide risk screening measures in ASD. Reliable detection of suicidal thoughts in this high-risk population will inform suicide prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa M Horowitz
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1276, NIH Building 10 CRC 6-5340, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1276, USA.
| | - Audrey Thurm
- Pediatrics & Developmental Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Cristan Farmer
- Pediatrics & Developmental Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Carla Mazefsky
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Elizabeth Lanzillo
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1276, NIH Building 10 CRC 6-5340, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1276, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Bridge
- The Research Unit at Nationwide Children's Hospital and The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel Greenbaum
- Children's Mental Health Team, Surrey Place Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maryland Pao
- Office of the Clinical Director, National Institute of Mental Health, 10 Center Drive, MSC 1276, NIH Building 10 CRC 6-5340, Bethesda, MD, 20892-1276, USA
| | - Matthew Siegel
- Maine Medical Research Institute, Scarborough, ME, USA.,Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Asaye S, Bekele S, Tolessa D, Cheneke W. Metabolic syndrome and associated factors among psychiatric patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital, South West Ethiopia. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2018; 12:753-760. [PMID: 29729979 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2018.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is a multisystem disorder which coined to describe the recognized clustering of metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities including obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and abnormalities of glucose homeostasis. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and associated factors of metabolic syndrome among psychiatric patients in Jimma University Specialized Hospital. METHODS This study was conducted at Jimma University Specialized hospital psychiatric ward from May 15 to July 16, 2015. A cross-sectional study design and consecutive sampling technique were used. A single population proportion formula was used to include a total of 360 psychiatric patients. An interview administered structured questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic and some clinical data. Anthropometric data were collected based on standard guild line for anthropometric measurement. Five milliliter of venous blood was collected from ante-cubital fossa after overnight fasting for 8 h. Semi-automated clinical chemistry analyzer (Temis Linear) was used for biochemical laboratory analysis. Data analysis was performed by using SPSS version-20 software. Binary and multiple logistic regressions were used to identify the association between dependent and independent variables. P value less than 0.05 was taken as statistically significant association. RESULTS The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among psychiatric patients was 28.9%. Age greater than 30 years old (AOR: 5.2, CI: 2.3, 11.8, P. value < 0.05); being female (AOR: 7.1, CI: 3.3, 15.2, P. value < 0.05); regularly eating high protein and fat (AOR: 3.3, CI: 1.3, 8.2, P. value < 0.056) were independent determinant variables for high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among diabetic patients in the study area. The other independent variables such as family history of hypertension, chewing chat, Psychotropic drugs, duration of treatment, regularly eating fruits and vegetables had no statistically significant association with metabolic syndrome (P. value > 0.05). CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION There was high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among the psychiatric patients. Therefore; close assessment, management and treatment of metabolic syndrome among patients with psychiatry problem is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Asaye
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, P.O.Box: 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Shiferaw Bekele
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, P.O.Box: 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
| | - Daniel Tolessa
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, P.O.Box: 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Waqtola Cheneke
- School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, P.O.Box: 378, Jimma, Ethiopia
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Ramlucken L, Sibiya MN. Frequency and reasons for missed appointments of outpatient mental health care users in the uMgungundlovu District. Curationis 2018; 41:e1-e4. [PMID: 30198291 PMCID: PMC6111624 DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v41i1.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Over the years, there has been a rapid growth in the use of mobile technology which has been proven to increase treatment adherence. Short message services may improve service delivery through appointment reminders and improve communication between health care workers and patients. Missed appointments are becoming common amongst mental health care users, and this has a significant economic burden on mental health symptoms. Objectives The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and reasons for missed appointments of outpatient mental health care users for their follow-up care in the uMgungundlovu District. Method This study used a quantitative survey. A non-probability convenient sampling method was used to select 182 participants at the psychiatric clinics. Results Of the 182 participants, results of the study indicated that n = 84 (46.2%) respondents had missed their appointment at some stage. Of the n = 84 (46.2%) respondents who had missed appointments, n = 28 (33.3%) had missed their appointment once, and n = 45 (53.6%) had missed their appointment 2–3 times. Most common reasons for missed appointments included mental health care users forgetting (n = 58; 69%), work commitments (n = 14; 16.7%), no transportation (n = 4; 4.8%) and financial constraints (n = 5; 6%). Conclusion The main reasons for missed appointments that were identified included forgetfulness, work commitments, lack of transportation and financial constraints. A significant number of participants (53.6%) had missed their appointments 2–3 times.
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El-Sayad SM. Psychiatric Patients' and Nurses' Opinions About Limit Setting Technique in Port-said City. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:403-12. [PMID: 29784222 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limit setting facilitates the development of a therapeutic, caring and supportive relationships, it can also decrease patients' feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. It is a two-way process that should be delivered professionally by the nurse and perceived therapeutically by the patient, so patient considered a vital participant of the technique. AIM The present study aimed at exploring psychiatric patients' and nurses' opinions as well as their information about limit setting. METHOD All nurses working at the hospital and working along the day (the three day shifts) were included in the study (N=88), as well as all convenient patients that were willing to participate in the study (N=104).In order to collect data for the present study, three open-ended structured questionnaires were developed by the researcher. RESULTS Psychiatric nurses working at Port-Said psychiatric hospital have insufficient information concerning limit setting in which use of threats and authoritarian communication is nurses' style of application. Regrettably, nurses of the present study disagreed with essential and indispensible principles that should be followed when setting limits. Concerning psychiatric patients, the study revealed that patients had negative experiences with limit settings that contributed to enforcement of misconceptions and negative opinions about limit setting. Also, psychiatric patients viewed limit setting technique as nurses' way of punishment as well as humiliation. RECOMMENDATIONS Providing nurses with sufficient information about different psychiatric nursing skills such as communication skills and use of restraint; through holding educational workshops and seminars. Secondly, nurses need specific and professional training course accompanied with clinical application or simulation. As regard psychiatric patients, providing courses by professional and competent nursing staff regarding limit setting emphasizing its therapeutic uses and outcomes is a must; in order to correct misconceptions they acquired.
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Abstract
Psychiatric patient assaults on staff are a worldwide occupational hazard for health care staff that results in human suffering and dollar cost expense. International research through 2012 documented the frequency of these assaults and a continuing high risk for nursing personnel. This present paper reviewed the international published literature on staff victims of patient assaults during the next five year period of 2013-2017. The findings indicate that assaults on staff remain a serious worldwide issue as it has been since the 1990s, even with new policy initiatives in place meant to reduce such violence. Nursing personnel continued to be at greater risk. The findings by continents and an updated methodological inquiry are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymond B Flannery
- Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
- Cambridge Health Alliance, Department of Psychiatry, 1493 Cambridge street, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.
| | - Grace Wyshak
- Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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Mondal G, Bajaj V, Goyal BL, Mukherjee N. Prevalence of sleep disorders and severity of insomnia in psychiatric outpatients attending a tertiary level mental health care facility in Punjab, India. Asian J Psychiatr 2018; 32:8-13. [PMID: 29197711 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sleep disorders are frequently associated with psychiatric disorders and can be both cause and effect of the same. AIM To study the prevalence of sleep disorders and the severity of insomnia in psychiatric outpatients. METHODS 500 patients were randomly selected using purposive sampling from patients attending a tertiary level mental health care facility were evaluated for the presence of any sleep disorder along with their sleep quality. In patients having insomnia, severity of the same was determined. RESULTS 83.4% of the population had some type of sleep disorder. Symptoms of insomnia were reported by 78.2% of the population and 29.2% had moderate to severe insomnia. 78.4% of the population had poor sleep quality. Significant difference was noted among the different psychiatric groups when insomnia severity index (ISI) was compared. In multinomial logistic regression, chance of severe insomnia is more if the diagnosis is depression, but less if mania or ocd, compared to psychosis. CONCLUSION This study was the first in India to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders in psychiatric outpatients. Our study underscores the importance of careful evaluation of sleep problems for proper management of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gargi Mondal
- Institute of Mental Health, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India.
| | - Vikrant Bajaj
- Institute of Mental Health, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India.
| | - B L Goyal
- Institute of Mental Health, Amritsar, Punjab, 143001, India
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Anastopoulou K, Fradelos EC, Misouridou E, Kourakos M, Berk A, Papathanasiou IV, Kleisiaris C, Zyga S. Moderating Nutritious Habits in Psychiatric Patients Using Transtheoretical Model of Change and Counseling. Adv Exp Med Biol 2017; 988:63-71. [PMID: 28971389 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-56246-9_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Motivational Interviewing provides the opportunity to health professionals to have an effective strategy to increase the level of readiness to change health behaviors. Along with the Transtheoretical Model (Stages of Change Model) compose the theoretical base of intervention in psychiatry settings. OBJECTIVE This study was aimed to change nutritious behavior of psychiatric patients using a specific Model of Change and Counseling implementing a health education program. METHODOLOGY A quasi-experimental design was adopted on a random sample of 60 psychiatric patients at Military Hospital of Athens. Patients were divided into two groups as follows; (a) Intervention Group (four sessions of counseling and encouraging motivation for modification of their nutritious habits), and (b) Control Group (simple information sessions about the principles of healthy alimentation). RESULTS The mean age of Intervention Group (IG) was 43.9 ± 9.5 and Control Group (CG) 46.1 ± 9.1, ranging from 40 to 55 years old. Also, 26.7% of the participants were female, 23.3% were married and, 10% divorced. Our analyses showed that IG patients were significantly loss weight post-intervention compared to CG patients. Specifically, IG patients were significantly moderated the intake of starchy foods in every meal (p < 0.001) and the intake of fruits and vegetables (p < 0.001). Similarly, IG patients were moderated the intake of low fat dairy foods while they changed the full fat dairy foods with low fat (p < 0.001). Also important, IG patients showed significant enhance (80%) regarding drugs compliance, suggesting that 34% of the CG patients often forgot to take their medication. Finally, IG patients reported a positive attitude towards moderating unhealthy nutritious behaviors (p = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirms that health educational and promotional Interventions may change behavior of psychiatric patients and thus may positively influence their nutritious habits.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Evangelos C Fradelos
- 2nd Psychiatric Department, State Mental Hospital of Attica "Daphne", Athens, Greece. .,Nursing Department, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life, University of Peloponnese, Tripoli, Greece.
| | - Evdokia Misouridou
- Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Aristea Berk
- Daycare Facility, "Eginition" Hospital, First Psychiatric Clinic, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Christos Kleisiaris
- Nursing Department, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sofia Zyga
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Human Movement and Quality of Life Sciences, University of Peloponnese, Sparta, Greece
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Vujcic M, Tomicevic-Dubljevic J, Grbic M, Lecic-Tosevski D, Vukovic O, Toskovic O. Nature based solution for improving mental health and well-being in urban areas. Environ Res 2017; 158:385-392. [PMID: 28688269 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The general disproportion of urban development and the socio-economical crisis in Serbia, followed by a number of acute and chronic stressors, as well as years of accumulated trauma, prevented the parallel physical, mental and social adaptation of society as a whole. These trends certainly affected the quality of mental health and well-being, particularly on the vulnerable urban population, increasing the absolute number of people with depression, stress and psychosomatic disorders. This study was pioneering in Serbia and was conducted in collaboration with the Faculty of Forestry, the Institute of Mental Health and the Botanical Garden in Belgrade, in order to understand how spending time and performing horticulture therapy in specially designed urban green environments can improve mental health. The participants were psychiatric patients (n=30), users of the day hospital of the Institute who were randomly selected for the study, and the control group, assessed for depression, anxiety and stress before and after the intervention, using a DASS21 scale. During the intervention period the study group stayed in the Botanical garden and participated in a special programme of horticulture therapy. In order to exclude any possible "special treatment'' or ''placebo effect", the control group was included in occupational art therapy while it continued to receive conventional therapy. The test results indicated that nature based therapy had a positive influence on the mental health and well-being of the participants. Furthermore, the difference in the test results of the subscale stress before and after the intervention for the study group was F1.28 = 5.442 and p<;.05. According to socio demographic and clinical variables, the interesting trend was recorded on the subscale of anxiety showing that the male participants in the study group were more anxious, with the most pronounced inflection noted on this scale after treatment. The results of this study have shown that recuperation from stress, depression and anxiety was possible and much more complete when participants were involved in horticulture therapy as a nature-based solution for improving mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maja Vujcic
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Jelena Tomicevic-Dubljevic
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Mihailo Grbic
- Department of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture, Faculty of Forestry, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Dusica Lecic-Tosevski
- Department of Psychiatry, Belgrade University School of Medicine, Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Olivera Vukovic
- Department of Psychiatry, Belgrade University School of Medicine, Head of Day Hospital for Adults at the Institute of Mental Health in Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Oliver Toskovic
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Belgrade, Serbia.
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Winokur EJ, Loucks J, Raup GH. Use of a Standardized Procedure to Improve Behavioral Health Patients' Care: A Quality Improvement Initiative. J Emerg Nurs 2017; 44:26-32. [PMID: 28802869 DOI: 10.1016/j.jen.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Meeting the complex needs of behavioral health (BH) patients in the emergency department is an ongoing challenge. Delays in care can have adverse consequences for patient and staff safety and delay transfer to specialized care. METHODS A quality improvement, nurse-driven initiative using a standardized procedure (STP) was developed and implemented in our busy Southern California Emergency Department, which focused on improving time to first medication and reduction of restraints. The project used a multidisciplinary team to develop the STP scoring tool and corresponding medications. Improvement was seen in all quality metrics. Time to first medication decreased from 43 minutes to less than 5 minutes. Adopting the STP resulted in a 50% decrease in use of restraints and time in restraints. Staff injuries remained low, with less than 3.6% of staff sustaining physical injuries. DISCUSSION The STP is an effective method to initiate immediate treatment of patients with signs of anxiety and aggression and thus reduce risk of violence. Additional benefits are reduced time to disposition and earlier initiation of specialized BH care. This process can be replicated in other emergency departments with similar clinical environments through the use of STPs or protocols based on state regulations. Contribution to Emergency Nursing Practice.
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Corridore D, Guerra F, La Marra C, Di Thiene D, Ottolenghi L. Oral Health Status and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life in Italian Deinstitutionalized Psychiatric Patients. Clin Ter 2017; 168:e77-e83. [PMID: 28383618 DOI: 10.7417/ct.2017.1987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to investigate the oral health status and Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL, measured with OHIP- 14) in psychiatric patients assisted by the unique Italian mental health care system, in accordance to regulatory Law 180/78. MATERIALS AND METHODS Demographic and medical variables were retrieved from institutional medical records. General health and oral health variables, oral health-related behavior and last dental contact were recorded. Clinical evaluation was performed on each patient. For oral health data collection, a standardized medical form was used. RESULTS The study involved an overall number of 67 patients. Primary diagnosis of mental illness was at mean age of 29 years. The average number of teeth per patient was 25.45 ±6,55. The overall mean value of caries experience was 9.1 decayed, missing and/or filled teeth (DMFT Index). Among affected patients (60%, n=33) the mean value of DMFT for all age groups was 11.3 (range 2-27). The present study highlighted a direct linear relationship between caries experience and OHRQoL. As the caries level increased, pain, functional and psychological discomfort scores increased. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The overall caries experience value of 9.1 DMFT was lower than that reported in existing literature, which is usually related to traditionally institutionalized psychiatric patients, and most important of all, data on access to dental care is fairly good. These results, although derived from a pilot study on a limited sample, suggest that, where a psychosocial rehabilitative program is set out for psychiatric patients, as in the case of the Italian experience, the program can also determine an improvement in oral health status. It is important that programs for oral health promotion are developed in collaboration with mental health services and social measures are patient-centered as an integral part of the individual's rehabilitation program.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Corridore
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - F Guerra
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - C La Marra
- Responsible Psychologist UOS CD e Residential DSM ASL RM A
| | - D Di Thiene
- Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome
| | - L Ottolenghi
- Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome
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Pausch K, Nordt C, Pichler EM, Warnke I, Seifritz E, Kawohl W. [Acute day hospital as a cost-effective alternative to inpatient therapy]. Neuropsychiatr 2017; 31:63-69. [PMID: 28265867 DOI: 10.1007/s40211-017-0221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This is a study of the cost-benefit advantage of the model project acute day hospital (ATK) compared to inpatient care. METHODS The study was performed retrospectively and examined the direct costs and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) in a matched sample. RESULTS The day clinic treatment compared to inpatient therapy showed at a cost benefit of 2.68: 1 at a slightly delayed increase in GAF-value. CONCLUSION The treatment in ATK is more than twice as cheap compared to inpatient treatment, but at a slightly slower improvement in symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunigunde Pausch
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik/Zentrum für Soziale Psychiatrie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Militärstrasse 8, 8021, Zürich, Schweiz.
| | - Carlos Nordt
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik/Zentrum für Soziale Psychiatrie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Militärstrasse 8, 8021, Zürich, Schweiz
| | | | - Ingeborg Warnke
- Forensisch-Psychiatrischer Dienst (FPD), Institut für Rechtsmedizin, Universität Bern, Bern, Schweiz
| | - Erich Seifritz
- Klinik für Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Psychosomatik/Zentrum für Soziale Psychiatrie, Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Militärstrasse 8, 8021, Zürich, Schweiz
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ABDOLLAHIAN E, SHAFIEI R, MOKHBER N, KALANTAR K, FATA A. Seroepidemiological Study of Toxoplasma gondii Infection among Psychiatric Patients in Mashhad, Northeast of Iran. Iran J Parasitol 2017; 12:117-122. [PMID: 28761468 PMCID: PMC5522687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatric patients have an increased risk of some infections like toxoplasmosis. Investigations on Toxoplasma gondii infection among psychiatric patients have been limited in Mashhad, Northeast of Iran. In this case-control study, prevalence of T. gondii was investigated by serological method. METHODS This case-control study was performed among psychiatric patients admitted to Avicenna Hospital in Mashhad, Northeast of Iran. Three hundred and fifty inpatients and 350 controls were examined in 2012-2013 for detection of IgG and IgM antibodies against T. gondii in their blood sera by ELISA. Socio-demographic and clinical manifestations of the patients were obtained. RESULTS Anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies was found in 164 (46.85%) of 350 psychiatric inpatients and 120 (34.28%) of 350 controls. Seventeen (4.85%) of psychiatric individuals and 3 (0.85%) of control group were IgM+/IgG- indicating acute form of toxoplasmosis. There were no statistically significant differences between the case and control groups. In patient group, schizophrenic patients had the highest positive rate (46.28%) and bipolar mood disorder had the second most prevalent rate (20%). Of 162 schizophrenia patients, 65 (40.1%) had latent infection which was higher than that observed in controls. CONCLUSION The prevalence of T. gondii infection among psychiatric patients suffering from schizophrenia was more in Mashhad, compared with control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebrahim ABDOLLAHIAN
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza SHAFIEI
- Vector-Borne Diseases Research Center, North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences, Bojnurd, Iran, Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Correspondence Emails: 1-, 2-
| | - Naghmeh MOKHBER
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Kurosh KALANTAR
- Dept. of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid FATA
- Dept. of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, Research Center for Skin Diseases and Cutaneous Leishmaniasis, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran,Correspondence Emails: 1-, 2-
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De Sousa A. Task before Indian Psychiatry Today: Commentary. Mens Sana Monogr 2016; 14:118-132. [PMID: 28031626 PMCID: PMC5179611 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1229.193080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In this commentary on the article, “The Task Before Psychiatry Today Redux: STSPIR,” (Singh, 2014)[20], the author, while agreeing with most of the paper's findings, proposes a rather parallel judgment that intersects at the same paths ahead. There is a need for widespread and easily available essential mental health services in India. Health agenda must focus on spreading and scaling up psychiatric services. There is also a need to spread awareness of psychiatry and mental health and, as a psychiatrist, one must focus on making psychiatry available to a wider audience. Psychiatrists need to maintain a holistic view of psychiatric disorders while viewing them from both a neurobiological and psychosocial perspective. There is a need to revamp psychiatric training in departments with an increase in the thrust toward fostering translational research excellence in various spheres. Psychiatrists must continue to be trained in psychotherapy and practice it regularly. Psychiatric departments need to promote research excellence and focus on reducing brain drain. The practical applications of the tasks set out for psychiatry are more difficult than one can imagine, and a conscientious effort in that direction shall serve for its betterment. The future is bright and psychiatry must work toward making it brighter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash De Sousa
- MD, Consultant Psychiatrist, Founder Trustee, De Sousa Foundation, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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Mahfouz MS, Aqeeli A, Makeen AM, Hakami RM, Najmi HH, Mobarki AT, Haroobi MH, Almalki SM, Mahnashi MA, Ageel OA. Mental Health Literacy Among Undergraduate Students of a Saudi Tertiary Institution: A Cross-sectional Study. Ment Illn 2016; 8:6806. [PMID: 28217273 PMCID: PMC5225830 DOI: 10.4081/mi.2016.6806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The issue of mental health literacy has been widely studied in developed countries, with few studies conducted in Arab countries. In this study we aimed to investigate mental health literacy and attitudes towards psychiatric patients among students of Jazan University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A crosssectional study was conducted among undergraduate students using a validated Arabicversion questionnaire. A total of 557 students were recruited from different Jazan university colleges. The majority of students (90.3%) have intermediate mental health literacy. Regarding the etiology of mental illness, students agreed that genetic inheritance (45.8%), poor quality of life (65%) and social relationship weakness (73.1%) are the main causes of mental illness. The majority thought that mentally ill people are not capable of true friendships (52.5%) and that anyone can suffer from a mental illness (49.4%). Students’ attitudes towards psychiatric patients were mixed, with 68.7% reporting that they could maintain a friendship with a mentally ill person and that people with mental illness should have the same rights as anyone else (82.5%). Mental health literacy among university students was intermediate. There is an urgent need for health educational programs to change the attitudes of students regarding this important health issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Mahfouz
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jazan University , Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Anwar M Makeen
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzi M Hakami
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University , Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatim H Najmi
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University , Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | | | | | - Osayd A Ageel
- Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University , Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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