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Jeffreys S, Tompkins MP, Aki J, Papp SB, Chambers JP, Guentzel MN, Hung CY, Yu JJ, Arulanandam BP. Development and Evaluation of an Immunoinformatics-Based Multi-Peptide Vaccine against Acinetobacter baumannii Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2024; 12:358. [PMID: 38675740 PMCID: PMC11054912 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines12040358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii is an opportunistic pathogen associated with hospital-acquired infections. Due to its environmental persistence, virulence, and limited treatment options, this organism causes both increased patient mortality and incurred healthcare costs. Thus, prophylactic vaccination could be ideal for intervention against MDR Acinetobacter infection in susceptible populations. In this study, we employed immunoinformatics to identify peptides containing both putative B- and T-cell epitopes from proteins associated with A. baumannii pathogenesis. A novel Acinetobacter Multi-Epitope Vaccine (AMEV2) was constructed using an A. baumannii thioredoxin A (TrxA) leading protein sequence followed by five identified peptide antigens. Antisera from A. baumannii infected mice demonstrated reactivity to rAMEV2, and subcutaneous immunization of mice with rAMEV2 produced high antibody titer against the construct as well as peptide components. Immunization results in increased frequency of IL-4-secreting splenocytes indicative of a Th2 response. AMEV2-immunized mice were protected against intranasal challenge with a hypervirulent strain of A. baumannii and demonstrated reduced bacterial burden at 48 h. In contrast, all mock vaccinated mice succumbed to infection within 3 days. Results presented here provide insight into the effectiveness of immunoinformatic-based vaccine design and its potential as an effective strategy to combat the rise of MDR pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Jeffreys
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Megan P. Tompkins
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Jadelynn Aki
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Sara B. Papp
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - James P. Chambers
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - M. Neal Guentzel
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Chiung-Yu Hung
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Jieh-Juen Yu
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
| | - Bernard P. Arulanandam
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA; (S.J.); (M.P.T.); (J.A.); (J.P.C.); (M.N.G.); (C.-Y.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Long Q, Wei M, Wang Y, Pang F. Design of a multi- epitope vaccine against goatpox virus using an immunoinformatics approach. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 13:1309096. [PMID: 38487680 PMCID: PMC10937444 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1309096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Goatpox, a severe infectious disease caused by goatpox virus (GTPV), leads to enormous economic losses in the livestock industry. Traditional live attenuated vaccines cause serious side effects and exist a risk of dispersal. Therefore, it is urgent to develop efficient and safer vaccines to prevent and control of GTPV. Methods In the present study, we are aimed to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against GTPV using an immunoinformatics approach. Various immunodominant cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes, helper T lymphocytes (HTL) epitopes, and B-cell epitopes from P32, L1R, and 095 proteins of GTPV were screened and liked by the AAY, GPGPG, and KK connectors, respectively. Furthermore, an adjuvant β-defensin was attached to the vaccine's N-terminal using the EAAAK linker to enhance immunogenicity. Results The constructed vaccine was soluble, non-allergenic and non-toxic and exhibited high levels of antigenicity and immunogenicity. The vaccine's 3D structure was subsequently predicted, refined and validated, resulting in an optimized model with a Z-value of -3.4. Molecular docking results demonstrated that the vaccine had strong binding affinity with TLR2(-27.25 kcal/mol), TLR3(-39.84 kcal/mol), and TLR4(-59.42 kcal/mol). Molecular dynamics simulation results indicated that docked vaccine-TLR complexes were stable. Immune simulation analysis suggested that the vaccine can induce remarkable increase in antibody titers of IgG and IgM, higher levels of IFN-γ and IL-2. Conclusion The designed GTPV multi-epitope vaccine is structurally stable and can induce robust humoral and cellular immune responses, which may be a promising vaccine candidate against GTPV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Feng Pang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Zhu F, Ma S, Wen H, Rao M, Zhang P, Peng W, Cui Y, Yang H, Tan C, Chen J, Pan P. Development of a novel circular mRNA vaccine of six protein combinations against Staphylococcus aureus. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10525-10545. [PMID: 36533395 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2154846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is an extraordinarily versatile pathogen, which is currently the most common cause of nosocomial and community infections. Considering that increased antibiotic resistance may hasten the spread of S. aureus, developing an effective vaccine can possibly aid in its control. The RNA vaccine coding immunodominance epitopes from bacteria provide a potential method to induce T and B cell immune responses by translating them into cells. Furthermore, using bioinformatics to create circular RNA vaccines can ensure that the translation of the vaccine is potent and durable. In this study, 7 cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes, 4 helper T lymphocyte (HTL) epitopes, and 15 B cell epitopes from 6 proteins that are closely associated with the S. aureus virulence and invasion and critical to natural immune responses were mapped. To verify their interactions, all epitopes were docked with the corresponding MHC alleles. The final vaccine was composed of 26 epitopes and the adjuvant β-defencin, and a disulfide bond was also introduced to improve its stability. After the prediction of structure and characteristics, the developed vaccine was docked with TLR2 and TLR4, which induce immunological responses in S. aureus infection. According to the molecular dynamic simulation, the vaccine might interact strongly with TLRs. Meanwhile, it performed well in immunological simulation and population coverage prediction. Finally, the vaccine was converted into a circular RNA using a series of helper sequences to aid in vaccine circulation translation. Hopefully, this proposed structure will be proven to serve a viable vaccine against S. aureus.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Zhu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Shiyang Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Haicheng Wen
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Rao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhong Peng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Cui
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Hang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Caixia Tan
- Department of Infection Control Center of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
| | - Pinhua Pan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, National Key Clinical Specialty, Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Center of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases in Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Intelligent Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Disease, Changsha, Hunan, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, P.R. China
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Gong YM, Wei XF, Zheng YY, Li Y, Yu Q, Li PF, Zhu B. Combining Phage Display Technology with In Silico-Designed Epitope Vaccine to Elicit Robust Antibody Responses against Emerging Pathogen Tilapia Lake Virus. J Virol 2023; 97:e0005023. [PMID: 36975794 PMCID: PMC10134809 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00050-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Antigen epitope identification is a critical step in the vaccine development process and is a momentous cornerstone for the development of safe and efficient epitope vaccines. In particular, vaccine design is difficult when the function of the protein encoded by the pathogen is unknown. The genome of Tilapia lake virus (TiLV), an emerging virus from fish, encodes protein functions that have not been elucidated, resulting in a lag and uncertainty in vaccine development. Here, we propose a feasible strategy for emerging viral disease epitope vaccine development using TiLV. We determined the targets of specific antibodies in serum from a TiLV survivor by panning a Ph.D.-12 phage library, and we identified a mimotope, TYTTRMHITLPI, referred to as Pep3, which provided protection against TiLV after prime-boost vaccination; its immune protection rate was 57.6%. Based on amino acid sequence alignment and structure analysis of the target protein from TiLV, we further identified a protective antigenic site (399TYTTRNEDFLPT410) which is located on TiLV segment 1 (S1). The epitope vaccine with keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH-S1399-410) corresponding to the mimotope induced the tilapia to produce a durable and effective antibody response after immunization, and the antibody depletion test confirmed that the specific antibody against S1399-410 was necessary to neutralize TiLV. Surprisingly, the challenge studies in tilapia demonstrated that the epitope vaccine elicited a robust protective response against TiLV challenge, and the survival rate reached 81.8%. In conclusion, this study revealed a concept for screening antigen epitopes of emerging viral diseases, providing promising approaches for development and evaluation of protective epitope vaccines against viral diseases. IMPORTANCE Antigen epitope determination is an important cornerstone for developing efficient vaccines. In this study, we attempted to explore a novel approach for epitope discovery of TiLV, which is a new virus in fish. We investigated the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of all antigenic sites (mimotopes) identified in serum of primary TiLV survivors by using a Ph.D.-12 phage library. We also recognized and identified the natural epitope of TiLV by bioinformatics, evaluated the immunogenicity and protective effect of this antigenic site by immunization, and revealed 2 amino acid residues that play important roles in this epitope. Both Pep3 and S1399-410 (a natural epitope identified by Pep3) elicited antibody titers in tilapia, but S1399-410 was more prominent. Antibody depletion studies showed that anti-S1399-410-specific antibodies were essential for neutralizing TiLV. Our study demonstrated a model for combining experimental and computational screens to identify antigen epitopes, which is attractive for epitope-based vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ming Gong
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue-Feng Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Ying Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qing Yu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biotechnology and Modern Ecological Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Marine Sciences, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Livestock Biology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Palma M. Aspects of Phage-Based Vaccines for Protein and Epitope Immunization. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:vaccines11020436. [PMID: 36851313 PMCID: PMC9967953 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11020436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Because vaccine development is a difficult process, this study reviews aspects of phages as vaccine delivery vehicles through a literature search. The results demonstrated that because phages have adjuvant properties and are safe for humans and animals, they are an excellent vaccine tool for protein and epitope immunization. The phage genome can easily be manipulated to display antigens or create DNA vaccines. Additionally, they are easy to produce on a large scale, which lowers their manufacturing costs. They are stable under various conditions, which can facilitate their transport and storage. However, no medicine regulatory agency has yet authorized phage-based vaccines despite the considerable preclinical data confirming their benefits. The skeptical perspective of phages should be overcome because humans encounter bacteriophages in their environment all the time without suffering adverse effects. The lack of clinical trials, endotoxin contamination, phage composition, and long-term negative effects are some obstacles preventing the development of phage vaccines. However, their prospects should be promising because phages are safe in clinical trials; they have been authorized as a food additive to avoid food contamination and approved for emergency use in phage therapy against difficult-to-treat antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Therefore, this encourages the use of phages in vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Palma
- Institute for Globally Distributed Open Research and Education (IGDORE), 03181 Torrevieja, Spain;
- Creative Biolabs Inc., Shirley, NY 11967, USA
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Rida T, Ahmad S, Ullah A, Ismail S, Tahir ul Qamar M, Afsheen Z, Khurram M, Saqib Ishaq M, Alkhathami AG, Alatawi EA, Alrumaihi F, Allemailem KS. Pan-Genome Analysis of Oral Bacterial Pathogens to Predict a Potential Novel Multi-Epitopes Vaccine Candidate. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19148408. [PMID: 35886259 PMCID: PMC9320593 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Porphyromonas gingivalis is a Gram-negative anaerobic bacterium, mainly present in the oral cavity and causes periodontal infections. Currently, no licensed vaccine is available against P. gingivalis and other oral bacterial pathogens. To develop a vaccine against P. gingivalis, herein, we applied a bacterial pan-genome analysis (BPGA) on the bacterial genomes that retrieved a total number of 4908 core proteins, which were further utilized for the identification of good vaccine candidates. After several vaccine candidacy analyses, three proteins, namely lytic transglycosylase domain-containing protein, FKBP-type peptidyl-propyl cis-trans isomerase and superoxide dismutase, were shortlisted for epitopes prediction. In the epitopes prediction phase, different types of B and T-cell epitopes were predicted and only those with an antigenic, immunogenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic profile were selected. Moreover, all the predicted epitopes were joined with each other to make a multi-epitopes vaccine construct, which was linked further to the cholera toxin B-subunit to enhance the antigenicity of the vaccine. For downward analysis, a three dimensional structure of the designed vaccine was modeled. The modeled structure was checked for binding potency with major histocompatibility complex I (MHC-I), major histocompatibility complex II (MHC-II), and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) immune cell receptors which revealed that the designed vaccine performed proper binding with respect to immune cell receptors. Additionally, the binding efficacy of the vaccine was validated through a molecular dynamic simulation that interpreted strong intermolecular vaccine-receptor binding and confirmed the exposed situation of vaccine epitopes to the host immune system. In conclusion, the study suggested that the model vaccine construct has the potency to generate protective host immune responses and that it might be a good vaccine candidate for experimental in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tehniyat Rida
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; (T.R.); (A.U.); (Z.A.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Sajjad Ahmad
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; (T.R.); (A.U.); (Z.A.); (M.S.I.)
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (K.S.A.)
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; (T.R.); (A.U.); (Z.A.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Saba Ismail
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Zobia Afsheen
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; (T.R.); (A.U.); (Z.A.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Muhammad Khurram
- Department of Pharmacy, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Saqib Ishaq
- Department of Health and Biological Sciences, Abasyn University, Peshawar 25000, Pakistan; (T.R.); (A.U.); (Z.A.); (M.S.I.)
| | - Ali G. Alkhathami
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61481, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Eid A. Alatawi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Faris Alrumaihi
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Khaled S. Allemailem
- Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: (S.A.); (K.S.A.)
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Ud-Din M, Albutti A, Ullah A, Ismail S, Ahmad S, Naz A, Khurram M, Haq MU, Afsheen Z, Bakri YE, Salman M, Shaker B, Tahir Ul Qamar M. Vaccinomics to Design a Multi-Epitopes Vaccine for Acinetobacter baumannii. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:5568. [PMID: 35564967 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19095568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance (AR) is the result of microbes’ natural evolution to withstand the action of antibiotics used against them. AR is rising to a high level across the globe, and novel resistant strains are emerging and spreading very fast. Acinetobacter baumannii is a multidrug resistant Gram-negative bacteria, responsible for causing severe nosocomial infections that are treated with several broad spectrum antibiotics: carbapenems, β-lactam, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, gentamicin, impanel, piperacillin, and amikacin. The A. baumannii genome is superplastic to acquire new resistant mechanisms and, as there is no vaccine in the development process for this pathogen, the situation is more worrisome. This study was conducted to identify protective antigens from the core genome of the pathogen. Genomic data of fully sequenced strains of A. baumannii were retrieved from the national center for biotechnological information (NCBI) database and subjected to various genomics, immunoinformatics, proteomics, and biophysical analyses to identify potential vaccine antigens against A. baumannii. By doing so, four outer membrane proteins were prioritized: TonB-dependent siderphore receptor, OmpA family protein, type IV pilus biogenesis stability protein, and OprD family outer membrane porin. Immuoinformatics predicted B-cell and T-cell epitopes from all four proteins. The antigenic epitopes were linked to design a multi-epitopes vaccine construct using GPGPG linkers and adjuvant cholera toxin B subunit to boost the immune responses. A 3D model of the vaccine construct was built, loop refined, and considered for extensive error examination. Disulfide engineering was performed for the stability of the vaccine construct. Blind docking of the vaccine was conducted with host MHC-I, MHC-II, and toll-like receptors 4 (TLR-4) molecules. Molecular dynamic simulation was carried out to understand the vaccine-receptors dynamics and binding stability, as well as to evaluate the presentation of epitopes to the host immune system. Binding energies estimation was achieved to understand intermolecular interaction energies and validate docking and simulation studies. The results suggested that the designed vaccine construct has high potential to induce protective host immune responses and can be a good vaccine candidate for experimental in vivo and in vitro studies.
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Du X, Xue J, Jiang M, Lin S, Huang Y, Deng K, Shu L, Xu H, Li Z, Yao J, Chen S, Shen Z, Feng G. A Multiepitope Peptide, rOmp22, Encapsulated in Chitosan-PLGA Nanoparticles as a Candidate Vaccine Against Acinetobacter baumannii Infection. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:1819-1836. [PMID: 33707942 PMCID: PMC7942956 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s296527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The development of vaccines is a promising and cost-effective strategy to prevent emerging multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) infections. The purpose of this study was to prepare a multiepitope peptide nanovaccine and evaluate its immunogenicity and protective effect in BALB/c mice. Methods The B-cell and T-cell epitopes of Omp22 from A. baumannii were predicted using bioinformatics methods and identified by immunological experiments. The optimal epitopes were conjugated in series by 6-aminocaproic acid and chemically synthesized multiepitope polypeptide rOmp22. Then, rOmp22 was encapsulated by chitosan (CS) and poly (lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) to prepare CS-PLGA-rOmp22 nanoparticles (NPs). The immunogenicity and immunoprotective efficacy of the vaccine were evaluated in BALB/c mice. Results CS-PLGA-rOmp22 NPs were small (mean size of 272.83 nm) with apparently spherical structures, positively charged (4.39 mV) and nontoxic to A549 cells. A high encapsulation efficiency (54.94%) and a continuous slow release pattern were achieved. Compared with nonencapsulated rOmp22, CS-PLGA-rOmp22 immunized BALB/c mice induced higher levels of rOmp22-specific IgG in serum and IFN-γ in splenocyte supernatant. Additionally, lung injury and bacterial burdens in the lung and blood were suppressed, and potent protection (57.14%-83.3%) against acute lethal intratracheal A. baumannii challenge was observed in BALB/c mice vaccinated with CS-PLGA-rOmp22. Conclusion CS-PLGA-rOmp22 NPs elicited specific IgG antibodies, Th1 cellular immunity and protection against acute lethal intratracheal A. baumannii challenge. Our results indicate that this nanovaccine is a desirable candidate for preventing A. baumannii infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingran Du
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianpeng Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingzi Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Kunshan, Suzhou, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Lin
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuzhen Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaili Deng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Shu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hanmei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zeqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, The Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Polypeptide Discovery and Evaluation of Jiangsu Province, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Sixia Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziyan Shen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ganzhu Feng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
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9
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Negahdaripour M, Nezafat N, Heidari R, Erfani N, Hajighahramani N, Ghoshoon MB, Shoolian E, Rahbar MR, Najafipour S, Dehshahri A, Morowvat MH, Ghasemi Y. Production and Preliminary In Vivo Evaluations of a Novel in silico-designed L2-based Potential HPV Vaccine. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2020; 21:316-324. [PMID: 31729940 DOI: 10.2174/1389201020666191114104850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND L2-based Human Papillomavirus (HPV) prophylactic vaccines, containing epitopes from HPV minor capsid proteins, are under investigation as second-generation HPV vaccines. No such vaccine has passed clinical trials yet, mainly due to the low immunogenicity of peptide vaccines; so efforts are being continued. A candidate vaccine composed of two HPV16 L2 epitopes, flagellin and a Toll-Like Receptor (TLR) 4 agonist (RS09) as adjuvants, and two universal T-helper epitopes was designed in silico in our previous researches. METHODS The designed vaccine construct was expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and purified through metal affinity chromatography. Following mice vaccination, blood samples underwent ELISA and flow cytometry analyses for the detection of IgG and seven Th1 and Th2 cytokines. RESULTS Following immunization, Th1 (IFN-γ, IL-2) and Th2 (IL-4, IL-5, IL-10) type cytokines, as well as IgG, were induced significantly compared with the PBS group. Significant increases in IFN-γ, IL-2, and IL-5 levels were observed in the vaccinated group versus Freund's adjuvant group. CONCLUSION The obtained cytokine induction profile implied both cellular and humoral responses, with a more Th-1 favored trend. However, an analysis of specific antibodies against L2 is required to confirm humoral responses. No significant elevation in inflammatory cytokines, (IL-6 and TNF-α), suggested a lack of unwanted inflammatory side effects despite using a combination of two TLR agonists. The designed construct might be capable of inducing adaptive and innate immunity; nevertheless, comprehensive immune tests were not conducted at this stage and will be a matter of future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manica Negahdaripour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Navid Nezafat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasrollah Erfani
- Cancer Immunology Group, Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nasim Hajighahramani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad B Ghoshoon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Eskandar Shoolian
- Charité University of Medicine, Campus Research House of Clinical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,Biotechnology incubator center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad R Rahbar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sohrab Najafipour
- Microbiology Department, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Ali Dehshahri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad H Morowvat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Younes Ghasemi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
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10
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Ringel O, Vieillard V, Debré P, Eichler J, Büning H, Dietrich U. The Hard Way towards an Antibody-Based HIV-1 Env Vaccine: Lessons from Other Viruses. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040197. [PMID: 29662026 PMCID: PMC5923491 DOI: 10.3390/v10040197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although effective antibody-based vaccines have been developed against multiple viruses, such approaches have so far failed for the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Despite the success of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) that has turned HIV-1 infection into a chronic disease and has reduced the number of new infections worldwide, a vaccine against HIV-1 is still urgently needed. We discuss here the major reasons for the failure of “classical” vaccine approaches, which are mostly due to the biological properties of the virus itself. HIV-1 has developed multiple mechanisms of immune escape, which also account for vaccine failure. So far, no vaccine candidate has been able to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against primary patient viruses from different clades. However, such antibodies were identified in a subset of patients during chronic infection and were shown to protect from infection in animal models and to reduce viremia in first clinical trials. Their detailed characterization has guided structure-based reverse vaccinology approaches to design better HIV-1 envelope (Env) immunogens. Furthermore, conserved Env epitopes have been identified, which are promising candidates in view of clinical applications. Together with new vector-based technologies, considerable progress has been achieved in recent years towards the development of an effective antibody-based HIV-1 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Ringel
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany.
| | - Vincent Vieillard
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL8255, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Patrice Debré
- Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris), Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ Paris 06, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL8255, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Jutta Eichler
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nurnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Hildegard Büning
- Laboratory for Infection Biology & Gene Transfer, Institute of Experimental Hematology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany.
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hannover-Braunschweig, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Ursula Dietrich
- Georg-Speyer-Haus, Institute for Tumor Biology and Experimental Therapy, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany.
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11
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Petrushina I, Davtyan H, Hovakimyan A, Davtyan A, Passos GF, Cribbs DH, Ghochikyan A, Agadjanyan MG. Comparison of Efficacy of Preventive and Therapeutic Vaccines Targeting the N Terminus of β-Amyloid in an Animal Model of Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Ther 2017; 25:153-64. [PMID: 28129111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2016.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we reported that Alzheimer's disease (AD) epitope vaccines (EVs) composed of N-terminal β-amyloid (Aβ42) B cell epitope fused with universal foreign T helper (Th) epitope(s) were immunogenic, potent, and safe in different amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice with early AD-like pathology. However, developing an effective therapeutic vaccine is much more challenging, especially when a self-antigen such as Aβ42 is a target. Here, we directly compare the efficacy of anti-Aβ42 antibodies in Tg2576 mice with low or high levels of AD-like pathology at the start of immunizations: 6-6.5 months for preventive vaccinations and 16-19 months for therapeutic vaccinations. EV in a preventive setting induced high levels of anti-Aβ antibodies, significantly reducing pathologic forms of Aβ in the brains of Tg2576 mice. When used therapeutically for immunesenescent Tg2576 mice, EV induced low levels of antibodies not sufficient for clearing of AD-like pathology. Separately, we demonstrated that EV was also not effective in 11-11.5-month-old Tg2576 mice with moderate AD-like pathology. However, we augmented the titers of anti-Aβ antibodies in transgenic (Tg) mice of the same age possessing the pre-existing memory Th cells and detected a significant decrease in diffuse and core plaques in cortical regions compared to control animals along with improved novel object recognition performance.
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12
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Li Y, Chen Z, Ye J, Ning L, Luo J, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Xi Y, Ning Y. Antibody Production and Th1-biased Response Induced by an Epitope Vaccine Composed of Cholera Toxin B Unit and Helicobacter pylori Lpp20 Epitopes. Helicobacter 2016; 21:234-48. [PMID: 26332255 DOI: 10.1111/hel.12268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The epitope vaccine is an attractive potential for prophylactic and therapeutic vaccination against Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Lpp20 is one of major protective antigens which trigger immune response after H. pylori invades host and has been considered as an excellent vaccine candidate for the control of H. pylori infection. In our previous study, one B-cell epitope and two CD4(+) T-cell epitopes of Lpp20 were identified. OBJECTIVE In this study, an epitope vaccine composed of mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin B subunit (CTB) and these three identified Lpp20 epitopes were constructed to investigate the efficacy of this epitope vaccine in mice. METHODS The epitope vaccine including CTB, one B-cell, and two CD4(+) T-cell epitopes of Lpp20 was constructed and named CTB-Lpp20, which was then expressed in Escherichia coli and used for intraperitoneal immunization in BALB/c mice. The immunogenicity, specificity, and ability to induce antibodies against Lpp20 and cytokine secretion were evaluated. After that, CTB-Lpp20 was intragastrically immunized to investigate the prophylactic and therapeutic efficacy in infected mice. RESULTS The results indicated that the epitope vaccine CTB-Lpp20 possessed good immunogenicity and immunoreactivity and could elicit specific high level of antibodies against Lpp20 and the cytokine of IFN-γ and IL-17. Additionally, CTB-Lpp20 significantly decreased H. pylori colonization in H. pylori challenging mice, and the protection was correlated with IgG, IgA, and sIgA antibody and Th1-type cytokines. CONCLUSION This study will be better for understanding the protective immunity of epitope vaccine, and CTB-Lpp20 may be an alternative strategy for combating H. pylori invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Zhongbiao Chen
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jianbin Ye
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lijun Ning
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jun Luo
- Department of microbiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Lili Zhang
- School of Nursing, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yin Jiang
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yue Xi
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Yunshan Ning
- School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
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13
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Yang J, Dai LX, Pan X, Wang H, Li B, Zhu J, Li MY, Shi XL, Wang BN. Protection against Helicobacter pylori infection in BALB/c mice by oral administration of multi- epitope vaccine of CTB-UreI-UreB. Pathog Dis 2015; 73:ftv026. [PMID: 25846576 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic gastric infection by the Gram-negative bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is strongly associated with gastritis, gastric ulcer and the development of distal gastric carcinoma and gastric mucosal lymphoma in humans. Antibiotic treatment of H. pylori is becoming less effective because of increasing antibiotic resistance; other treatment approaches such as specifically targeted methods, etc. to destroy this organism would be beneficial. An epitope vaccine is a promising option for protection against H. pylori infection. In this study, a multi-epitope vaccine was constructed by linking cholera toxin B subunit (CTB), two antigenic fragments of H. pylori urease I subunit (UreI20-29, UreI98-107) and four antigenic fragments of H. pylori urease B subunit (UreB12-23, UreB229-251, UreB327-400, UreB515-561), resulting in the recombinant CTB-UreI-UreB (BIB). Its protective effect against H. pylori infection was evaluated in BALB/c mice. Significant protection against H. pylori challenge was achieved in BALB/c mice immunized with BIB (15/18, 83.3%), rIB plus rCTB (6/18, 33.3%) and rIB (2/18, 11.1%) separately, while no protective effect was found in the mice immunized with either adjuvant rCTB alone or PBS. The induction of significant protection against H. pylori is possibly mediated by specific serum IgA and mucosal sIgA antibodies, and a mixed Th1/Th2/Th17 cells response. This multi-epitope vaccine might be a promising vaccine candidate that helps to control H. pylori infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Lv-xia Dai
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Experiment Teaching Center of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu College of Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing Pan
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongren Wang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Bei Li
- Department of Infectious Disease, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei 442000, People's Republic of China Department of Microbiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan 442000, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Sichuan Vaccine Technology Co. Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-yuan Li
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Li Shi
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China Department of Pathobiology and Immunology, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050200, People's Republic of China
| | - Bao-ning Wang
- Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China
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14
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Abstract
Vaccination is a proven strategy for protection from disease. An ideal vaccine would include antigens that elicit a safe and effective protective immune response. HLA-restricted epitope vaccines, which include T-lymphocyte epitopes restricted by HLA alleles, represent a new and promising immunization approach. In recent years, research in HLA-restricted epitope vaccines for the treatment of tumors and for the prevention of viral, bacterial, and parasite-induced infectious diseases have achieved substantial progress. Approaches for the improvement of the immunogenicity of epitope vaccines include (1) improving the accuracy of the methods used for the prediction of epitopes, (2) making use of additional HLA-restricted CD8(+) T-cell epitopes, (3) the inclusion of specific CD4(+) T-cell epitopes, (4) adding B-cell epitopes to the vaccine construction, (5) finding more effective adjuvants and delivery systems, (6) using immunogenic carrier proteins, and (7) using multiple proteins as epitopes sources. In this manuscript, we review recent research into HLA-restricted epitope vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Zhao
- Department of Human Parasitology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Human Parasitology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Shandong, P.R. China
| | - Hua Cong
- Department of Human Parasitology; Shandong University School of Medicine; Shandong, P.R. China
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15
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Guan X, Yang J, Gu H, Zou J, Yao Z. Immunotherapeutic efficiency of a tetravalent Aβ1-15 vaccine in APP/PS1 transgenic mice as mouse model for Alzheimer's disease. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:1643-53. [PMID: 23732905 PMCID: PMC3906261 DOI: 10.4161/hv.24830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2013] [Revised: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunization with synthetic, preaggregated β-amyloid (Aβ) was the first treatment approach able to dramatically reduce brain Aβ pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD) animal models. For the development of a safe vaccine, we investigated whether 4Aβ1-15 (four tandem repeats of GPGPG-linked Aβ1-15 sequences) had therapeutic effects in the APP/PS1 transgenic mice model of AD. We described the production of anti-Aβ antibodies in APP/PS1 mice immunized with 4Aβ1-15 mixed with MF59 adjuvant. The anti-Aβ antibody concentrations were increased which bound to AD plaques, markedly reduced Aβ pathology in transgenic AD mice and levels of intracerebral Aβ (soluble and insoluble), whereas increased serum Aβ levels. Immunization via 4Aβ1-15 (mainly of the IgG1 Class) may induce a non-inflammatory Th2 reaction. Immunohistochemistry analysis of MHC Class II and CD45 revealed that microglial cells were in a less activated state. Of note, 4Aβ1-15-immunized mice showed improved acquisition of memory compared with controls in a reference-memory Morris water-maze behavior test. The data identify the novel immunogen 4Aβ1-15 as a promising new tool for AD immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Guan
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Junhua Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Huaiyu Gu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Juntao Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou, PR China
| | - Zhibin Yao
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology; Zhongshan School of Medicine; Sun Yat-sen University; Guangzhou, PR China
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16
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Chandra S, Singh D, Singh TR. Prediction and characterization of T-cell epitopes for epitope vaccine design from outer membrane protein of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B. Bioinformation 2010; 5:155-61. [PMID: 21364778 PMCID: PMC3040476 DOI: 10.6026/97320630005155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MC58) is a leading cause of meningitis and septicaemia, principally infects the infants and adolescents. No vaccine is available for the prevention of these infections because the serogroup B capsular polysaccharide is unable to stimulate an immune response, due to its similarity with polysialic acid. To overcome these obstacles, we proposed to develop a peptide based epitope vaccine from outer membrane protein contained in outer membrane vesicles (OMV) based on our computational analysis. In OMV a total of 236 proteins were identified, only 15 (6.4%) of which were predicted to be located in outer membrane. The major requirement is the identification and selection of T-cell epitopes that act as a vaccine target. We have selected 13 out of 15 outer membrane proteins from OMV proteins. Due to similarity of the fkpA and omp85 with the human FKBP2 and SAMM50 protein, we removed these two sequences from the analysis as their presence in the vaccine is likely to elicit an autoimmune response. ProPred and ProPred1 were used to predict promiscuous helper T Lymphocytes (HTL) and cytotoxic T Lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes and MHCPred for their binding affinity in N. meningitidis serogroup B (MC58), respectively. Binding peptides (epitopes) are distinguished from nonbinding peptides in properties such as amino acid preference on the basis of amino acid composition. By using this dataset, we compared physico-chemical and structural properties at amino acid level through amino acid composition, computed from ProtParam server. Results indicate that porA, porB, opc, rmpM, mtrE and nspA are more suitable vaccine candidates. The predicted peptides are expected to be useful in the design of multi-epitope vaccines without compromising the human population coverage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharat Chandra
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India
| | - Digvijay Singh
- School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India
| | - Tiratha Raj Singh
- Bioinformatics Centre, School of Biotechnology, Devi Ahilya University, Indore,India
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghata, Solan, India
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17
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Peabody DS, Manifold-Wheeler B, Medford A, Jordan SK, do Carmo Caldeira J, Chackerian B. Immunogenic display of diverse peptides on virus-like particles of RNA phage MS2. J Mol Biol 2008; 380:252-63. [PMID: 18508079 PMCID: PMC2481506 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2008.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2008] [Revised: 04/16/2008] [Accepted: 04/22/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The high level of immunogenicity of peptides displayed in dense repetitive arrays on virus-like particles makes recombinant VLPs promising vaccine carriers. Here, we describe a platform for vaccine development based on the VLPs of RNA bacteriophage MS2. It serves for the engineered display of specific peptide sequences, but will also allow the construction of random peptide libraries from which specific binding activities can be recovered by affinity selection. Peptides representing the V3 loop of HIV gp120 and the ECL2 loop of the HIV coreceptor, CCR5, were inserted into a surface loop of MS2 coat protein. Both insertions disrupted coat VLP assembly, apparently by interfering with protein folding, but these defects were suppressed efficiently by genetically fusing coat protein's two identical polypeptides into a single-chain dimer. The resulting VLPs displayed the V3 and ECL2 peptides on their surfaces where they showed the potent immunogenicity that is the hallmark of VLP-displayed antigens. Experiments with random-sequence peptide libraries show the single-chain dimer to be highly tolerant of six, eight and ten amino acid insertions. MS2 VLPs support the display of a wide diversity of peptides in a highly immunogenic format, and they encapsidate the mRNAs that direct their synthesis, thus establishing the genotype/phenotype linkage necessary for recovery of affinity-selected sequences. The single-chain MS2 VLP therefore unites in a single structural platform the selective power of phage display with the high immunogenicity of VLPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- David S Peabody
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
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