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Wang G, Yang Z, Li L, Ren J, Liu J, Li L. Self-Assembled MXene@ Fluorographene Hybrid for High Dielectric Constant and Low Loss Ferroelectric Polymer Composite Films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2024. [PMID: 38691002 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c01607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Modern electrical applications urgently need flexible polymer films with a high dielectric constant (εr) and low loss. Recently, the MXene-filled percolative composite has emerged as a potential material choice because of the promised high εr. Nevertheless, the typically accompanied high dielectric loss hinders its applications. Herein, a facile and effective surface modification strategy of cladding Ti3C2Tx MXene (T = F or O; FMX) with fluorographene (FG) via self-assembly is proposed. The obtained FMX@FG hybrid yields high εr (up to 108 @1 kHz) and low loss (loss tangent tan δ = 1.16 @ 1 kHz) in a ferroelectric polymer composite at a low loading level (the equivalent of 1.5 wt % FMX), which is superior to its counterparts in our work (e.g., FMX: εr = 104, tan δ = 10.71) and other studies. It is found that the FG layer outside FMX plays a critical role in both the high dielectric constant and low loss from experimental characterizations and finite element simulations. For one thing, FG with a high F/C ratio would induce a favorable structure of high β-phase crystallinity, extensive microcapacitor networks, and abundant interfacial dipoles in polymer composites that account for the high εr. For another, FG, as a highly insulating layer, can inhibit the formation of conductive networks and inter-FMX electron tunneling, which is responsible for conduction loss. The results demonstrate the potential of a self-assembled FMX@FG hybrid for high εr and low loss polymer composite films and offer a new strategy for designing advanced polymer composite dielectrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guolong Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Zhuofan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Leyuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Junwen Ren
- College of Electrical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jiamei Liu
- Instrument Analysis Center of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Lei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
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2
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Savjani N, Mercadillo VO, Hodgeman D, Paterakis G, Deng Y, Vallés C, Anagnostopoulos G, Galiotis C, Bissett MA, Kinloch IA. Tribology of Copper Metal Matrix Composites Reinforced with Fluorinated Graphene Oxide Nanosheets: Implications for Solid Lubricants in Mechanical Switches. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2023; 6:8202-8213. [PMID: 37260916 PMCID: PMC10227772 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c00399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The potential for the use of copper coatings on steel switching mechanisms is abundant owing to the high conductivities and corrosion resistance that they impart on the engineered assemblies. However, applications of these coatings on such moving parts are limited due to their poor tribological properties; tendencies to generate high friction and susceptibility to degradative wear. In this study, we have fabricated a fluorinated graphene oxide-copper metal matrix composite (FGO-CMMC) on an AISI 52100 bearing steel substrate by a simple electrodeposition process in water. The FGO-CMMC coatings exhibited excellent lubrication performance under pin-on-disk (PoD) tribological sliding at 1N load, which reduced CoF by 63 and 69%, compared to the GO-CMMC and pure copper coatings that were also prepared. Furthermore, FGO-CMMC achieved low friction and low wear at higher sliding loads. The lubrication enhancement of the FGO-CMMCs is attributed to the tribochemical reaction of FGO with the AISI 52100 steel counterface initiated by the sliding load. The formation of an asymmetric tribofilm structure on the sliding track is critical; the performance of the FGO/Cu tribofilm formed in the track is boosted by the continued fluorination of the counterface surface during PoD sliding, passivating the tribosystem from adhesion-driven breakdown. The FGO-CMMC and GO-CMMC coatings also provide increased corrosion protection reaching 94.2 and 91.6% compared to the bare steel substrate, allowing for the preservation of the long-term low-friction performance of the coating. Other influences include the improved interlaminar shear strength of the FGO-containing composite. The excellent lubrication performance of the copper matrix composite coatings facilitated by FGO incorporation makes it a promising solid lubricant candidate for use in mechanical engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky Savjani
- Department
of Materials, Henry Royce Institute and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Westminster M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Vicente Orts Mercadillo
- Department
of Materials, Henry Royce Institute and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Westminster M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Darren Hodgeman
- Carbon
Science Center of Excellence, Morgan Advanced
Materials and Technology, Inc., 310 Innovation Boulevard, Technology
Center, Suite 250, University Park, Pennsylvania 16803, United States
| | - George Paterakis
- Foundation
for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute
for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Street, Platani, Patras GR26504, Greece
| | - Yubao Deng
- Department
of Materials, Henry Royce Institute and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Westminster M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Cristina Vallés
- Department
of Materials, Henry Royce Institute and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Westminster M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - George Anagnostopoulos
- Foundation
for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute
for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Street, Platani, Patras GR26504, Greece
| | - Costas Galiotis
- Foundation
for Research and Technology Hellas, Institute
for Chemical Engineering Sciences, Stadiou Street, Platani, Patras GR26504, Greece
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Patras, Patras 26504, Greece
| | - Mark A. Bissett
- Department
of Materials, Henry Royce Institute and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Westminster M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Ian A. Kinloch
- Department
of Materials, Henry Royce Institute and National Graphene Institute, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Westminster M13 9PL, U.K.
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Baldissara P, Silvestri D, Pieri GM, Mazzitelli C, Arena A, Maravic T, Monaco C. Effect of Fluorographene Addition on Mechanical and Adhesive Properties of a New Core Build-Up Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14235301. [PMID: 36501696 PMCID: PMC9737195 DOI: 10.3390/polym14235301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to develop a restorative material having such mechanical and adhesive properties that it can be used both as a reconstruction material and as a luting cement. The experimental core build-up composite (CBC) was derived from a self-adhesive cement by the modification of its chemical formula, requiring the use of dedicated dentin and ceramic primers. The adhesive properties to zirconia and dentin were analyzed with a micro-Shear Bond Strength test (mSBS). The mechanical properties were analyzed by a flexural strength test. The results were compared with those obtained for other commercially available cements and core build-up materials, both before and after addition of 2 wt.% fluorographene. The CBC obtained average values in the mSBS of 49.7 ± 4.74 MPa for zirconia and 32.2 ± 4.9 MPa for dentin, as well as values of 110.9 ± 9.3 MPa for flexural strength and 6170.8 ± 703.2 MPa for Young's modulus. The addition of fluorographene, while increasing the Young's modulus of the core build-up composite by 10%, did not improve the adhesive capabilities of the primers and cement on either zirconia or dentin. The CBC showed adhesive and mechanical properties adequate both for a restoration material and a luting cement. The addition of 2 wt.% fluorographene was shown to interfere with the polymerization reaction of the material, suggesting the need for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Baldissara
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Davide Silvestri
- Department of Surgery, Medical, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Interest, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.B.); (D.S.)
| | - Giovanni Maria Pieri
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Claudia Mazzitelli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Arena
- Department of Surgery, Medical, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Interest, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
| | - Tatjana Maravic
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carlo Monaco
- Department of Surgery, Medical, Dentistry and Morphological Sciences with Transplant Interest, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine (CHIMOMO), University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41124 Modena, Italy
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Xie Y, Meng X, Chang Y, Mao D, Qin Z, Wan L, Huang Y. Heteroatom Modification Enhances Corrosion Durability in High-Mechanical-Performance Graphene-Reinforced Aluminum Matrix Composites. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2022; 9:e2104464. [PMID: 35703130 PMCID: PMC9376822 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The antagonism between strength and corrosion resistance in graphene-reinforced aluminum matrix composites is an inherent challenge to designing reliable structural components. Heteroatom microstructural modification is highly appreciated to conquer the obstacle. Here, a bottom-up strategy to exploit the heterogeneous phase interface to enable high corrosion durability is proposed. Deformation-driven metallurgy derived from severe plastic deformation is developed to produce Mg-alloyed fluorinated graphene structures with homogeneous dispersion. These structures allow for absorbing corrosion products, forming a dense protective layer against corrosion, and local micro-tuning of the suppression of charge transfer. This results in superior corrosion resistance with an outstanding strength-ductility balance of the composites via ultrafine-grained and precipitation strengthening. The anti-corrosion polarization resistance remains 89% of the initial state after 2-month immersion in chloride-containing environment, while the ultra-tensile strength and elongation of 532 ± 39 MPa and 17.3 ± 1.2% are obtained. The economical strategy of heteroatom modification broadens the horizon for anti-corrosion engineering in aluminum matrix composites, which is critical for the design of carbonaceous nanomaterial-reinforced composites to realize desired performances for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
| | - Xiangchen Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
| | - Yuexin Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
| | - Dongxin Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
| | - Zhiwei Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
| | - Long Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
| | - Yongxian Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and JoiningHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin150001China
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5
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Stathis A, Bouza Z, Papadakis I, Couris S. Tailoring the Nonlinear Optical Response of Some Graphene Derivatives by Ultraviolet (UV) Irradiation. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:nano12010152. [PMID: 35010102 PMCID: PMC8746475 DOI: 10.3390/nano12010152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In the present work the impact of in situ photoreduction, by means of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation, on the nonlinear optical response (NLO) of some graphene oxide (GO), fluorographene (GF), hydrogenated fluorographene (GFH) and graphene (G) dispersions is studied. In situ UV photoreduction allowed for the extended modification of the degree of functionalization (i.e., oxidization, fluorination and hydrogenation), leading to the effective tuning of the corresponding sp2/sp3 hybridization ratios. The nonlinear optical properties of the studied samples prior to and after UV irradiation were determined by means of the Z-scan technique using visible (532 nm), 4 ns laser excitation, and were found to change significantly. More specifically, while GO's nonlinear optical response increases with irradiation time, GF and GFH present a monotonic decrease. The graphene dispersions' nonlinear optical response remains unaffected after prolonged UV irradiation for more than an hour. The present findings demonstrate that UV photoreduction can be an effective and simple strategy for tuning the nonlinear optical response of these graphene derivatives in a controllable way, resulting in derivatives with custom-made responses, thus more suitable for different photonic and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Stathis
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (I.P.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Zoi Bouza
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (I.P.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papadakis
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (I.P.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Stelios Couris
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece; (A.S.); (Z.B.); (I.P.)
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), 26504 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence:
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6
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Li D, Ma X, Chu H, Li Y, Zhao S, Li D. Vacancy-Induced Magnetism in Fluorographene: The Effect of Midgap State. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216666. [PMID: 34771073 PMCID: PMC8587424 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on density functional theory, we have systematically investigated the geometric, magnetic, and electronic properties of fluorographene with three types of vacancy defects. With uneven sublattice, the partial defect structures are significantly spin-polarized and present midgap electronic states. The magnetic moment is mainly contributed by the adjacent C atoms of vacancy defects. Furthermore, the strain dependence of the bandgap is analyzed and shows a linear trend with applied strain. This defect-induced tunable narrow bandgap material has great potential in electronic devices and spintronics applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daozhi Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (D.L.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Xiaoyang Ma
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (D.L.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (D.L.)
| | - Hongwei Chu
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (D.L.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Shengzhi Zhao
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (D.L.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
| | - Dechun Li
- School of Information Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (D.L.); (H.C.); (S.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (D.L.)
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7
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Vermisoglou EC, Jakubec P, Bakandritsos A, Kupka V, Pykal M, Šedajová V, Vlček J, Tomanec O, Scheibe M, Zbořil R, Otyepka M. Graphene with Covalently Grafted Amino Acid as a Route Toward Eco-Friendly and Sustainable Supercapacitors. ChemSusChem 2021; 14:3904-3914. [PMID: 34288502 PMCID: PMC8518929 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202101039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Eco-friendly, electrochemically active electrode materials based on covalent graphene derivatives offer enormous potential for energy storage applications. However, covalent grafting of functional groups onto the graphene surface is challenging due to its low reactivity. Here, fluorographene chemistry was employed to graft an arginine moiety via its guanidine group homogeneously on both sides of graphene. By tuning the reaction conditions and adding a non-toxic pore-forming agent, an optimum degree of functionalization and hierarchical porosity was achieved in the material. This tripled the specific surface area and yielded a high capacitance value of approximately 390 F g-1 at a current density of 0.25 A g-1 . The applicability of the electrode material was investigated under typical operating conditions by testing an assembled supercapacitor device for up to 30000 charging/discharging cycles, revealing capacitance retention of 82.3 %. This work enables the preparation of graphene derivatives with covalently grafted amino acids for technologically important applications, such as supercapacitor-based energy storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni C. Vermisoglou
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Petr Jakubec
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
- Nanotechnology CentreCentre of Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17. listopadu 2172/15708 00Ostrava-PorubaCzech Republic
| | - Vojtěch Kupka
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Martin Pykal
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Veronika Šedajová
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University Olomouc17. listopadu 12771 46OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Jakub Vlček
- Department of Physical ChemistryFaculty of SciencePalacký University Olomouc17. listopadu 12771 46OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Ondřej Tomanec
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Magdalena Scheibe
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
- Nanotechnology CentreCentre of Energy and Environmental TechnologiesVŠB–Technical University of Ostrava17. listopadu 2172/15708 00Ostrava-PorubaCzech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute (CATRIN)Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials (RCPTM)Palacký University OlomoucŠlechtitelů 27779 00OlomoucCzech Republic
- IT4InnovationsVSB–Technical University of Ostrava17. listopadu 2172/15708 00Ostrava-PorubaCzech Republic
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Yang L, Li Y, Wang L, Pei Y, Wang Z, Zhang Y, Lin H, Li X. Exfoliated Fluorographene Quantum Dots as Outstanding Passivants for Improved Flexible Perovskite Solar Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:22992-23001. [PMID: 32343556 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flexible perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are currently one of the most attractive flexible thin-film photovoltaic technologies. Despite achieving remarkable progress in power conversion efficiencies (PCEs), flexible PSCs have not yet kept pace with rigid PSCs. Defect passivation is of crucial importance to further enhance the PCEs of flexible PSCs. Here, highly dispersed fluorographene quantum dots (FGQDs) are exfoliated from graphite fluoride with the aid of stirring and sonication and used to passivate the grain boundaries and surface of the perovskite films for high-performance flexible PSCs. Photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL) and time-resolved PL decays indicate that the FGQDs are beneficial for suppressing carrier recombination. Space-charge-limited current measurements prove that the passivated perovskite film exhibits reduced trap densities. As a result, a best PCE of 20.40% is achieved from the flexible PSCs, owing to significantly reduced charge recombination. Moreover, the champion device delivers an outstanding steady-state PCE exceeding 20%. The flexible PSCs with the FGQDs also exhibit enhanced thermal stability and environmental stability. Our work not only highlights the importance of passivating the defects within the perovskite films for high-efficiency flexible PSCs but also offers a promising future for the commercialization of flexible PSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics & Fine Processing, School of Material Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Zoppellaro G, Bakandritsos A, Tuček J, Błoński P, Susi T, Lazar P, Bad'ura Z, Steklý T, Opletalová A, Otyepka M, Zbořil R. Microwave Energy Drives "On-Off-On" Spin-Switch Behavior in Nitrogen-Doped Graphene. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1902587. [PMID: 31379033 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201902587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The established application of graphene in organic/inorganic spin-valve spintronic assemblies is as a spin-transport channel for spin-polarized electrons injected from ferromagnetic substrates. To generate and control spin injection without such substrates, the graphene backbone must be imprinted with spin-polarized states and itinerant-like spins. Computations suggest that such states should emerge in graphene derivatives incorporating pyridinic nitrogen. The synthesis and electronic properties of nitrogen-doped graphene (N content: 9.8%), featuring both localized spin centers and spin-containing sites with itinerant electron properties, are reported. This material exhibits spin-switch behavior (on-off-on) controlled by microwave irradiation at X-band frequency. This phenomenon may enable the creation of novel types of switches, filters, and spintronic devices using sp2 -only 2D systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgio Zoppellaro
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Aristides Bakandritsos
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Tuček
- Department of Experimental Physics, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Błoński
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petr Lazar
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Bad'ura
- Department of Experimental Physics, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Steklý
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ariana Opletalová
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 78371, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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10
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Stathis A, Papadakis I, Karampitsos N, Couris S, Potsi G, Bourlinos AB, Otyepka M, Zboril R. Thiophenol-Modified Fluorographene Derivatives for Nonlinear Optical Applications. Chempluschem 2019; 84:1288-1298. [PMID: 31944032 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and characterization of two thiophenol-modified fluorographene derivatives, namely methoxythiophenol-and dimethylaminothiophenol-modified fluorographenes, are reported, while their third-order nonlinear optical response were thoroughly investigated under both visible (532 nm) and infrared (1064 nm) with 35 ps and 4 ns laser pulses. The graphene derivatives were obtained by partial nucleophilic substitution/reduction of fluorographene by the corresponding organic thiophenols, and were fully characterized by techniques including infrared/Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission microscopy. This type of modification resulted in graphenic structures where the attached thiol groups, sp2 domains, and the residual fluorine groups act as donors, π bridges, and acceptors, respectively. Both derivatives exhibited large nonlinear optical response compared to fluorographene, and have potential applications in optical limiting as an alternative to fullerenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeidis Stathis
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1414, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Ioannis Papadakis
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1414, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Karampitsos
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1414, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Stelios Couris
- Department of Physics, University of Patras, 26504, Patras, Greece.,Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (ICE-HT), Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), P.O. Box 1414, Patras, 26504, Greece
| | - Georgia Potsi
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Athanasios B Bourlinos
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zboril
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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11
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Tuček J, Holá K, Zoppellaro G, Błoński P, Langer R, Medved' M, Susi T, Otyepka M, Zbořil R. Zigzag sp 2 Carbon Chains Passing through an sp 3 Framework: A Driving Force toward Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Graphene. ACS Nano 2018; 12:12847-12859. [PMID: 30516956 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Stabilization of ferromagnetic ordering in graphene-based systems up to room temperature remains an important challenge owing to the huge scope for applications in electronics, spintronics, biomedicine, and separation technologies. To date, several strategies have been proposed, including edge engineering, introduction of defects and dopants, and covalent functionalization. However, these techniques are usually hampered by limited temperature sustainability of ferromagnetic ordering. Here, we describe a method for the well-controlled sp3 functionalization of graphene to synthesize zigzag conjugated sp2 carbon chains that can act as communication pathways among radical motifs. Zigzag sp2/sp3 patterns in the basal plane were clearly observed by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy and provided a suitable matrix for stabilization of ferromagnetic ordering up to room temperature due to combined contributions of itinerant π-electrons and superexchange interactions. The results highlight the principal role of sp2/sp3 ratio and superorganization of radical motifs in graphene for generating room-temperature nonmetallic magnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiří Tuček
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Giorgio Zoppellaro
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Piotr Błoński
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Rostislav Langer
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Medved'
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Toma Susi
- Faculty of Physics , University of Vienna , Boltzmanngasse 5 , 1090 Vienna , Austria
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Palacký University in Olomouc , Šlechtitelů 27 , 783 71 Olomouc , Czech Republic
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12
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Du S, Lu W, Ali A, Zhao P, Shehzad K, Guo H, Ma L, Liu X, Pi X, Wang P, Fang H, Xu Z, Gao C, Dan Y, Tan P, Wang H, Lin CT, Yang J, Dong S, Cheng Z, Li E, Yin W, Luo J, Yu B, Hasan T, Xu Y, Hu W, Duan X. A Broadband Fluorographene Photodetector. Adv Mater 2017; 29. [PMID: 28374435 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
High-performance photodetectors operating over a broad wavelength range from ultraviolet, visible, to infrared are of scientific and technological importance for a wide range of applications. Here, a photodetector based on van der Waals heterostructures of graphene and its fluorine-functionalized derivative is presented. It consistently shows broadband photoresponse from the ultraviolet (255 nm) to the mid-infrared (4.3 µm) wavelengths, with three orders of magnitude enhanced responsivity compared to pristine graphene photodetectors. The broadband photodetection is attributed to the synergistic effects of the spatial nonuniform collective quantum confinement of sp2 domains, and the trapping of photoexcited charge carriers in the localized states in sp3 domains. Tunable photoresponse is achieved by controlling the nature of sp3 sites and the size and fraction of sp3 /sp2 domains. In addition, the photoresponse due to the different photoexcited-charge-carrier trapping times in sp2 and sp3 nanodomains is determined. The proposed scheme paves the way toward implementing high-performance broadband graphene-based photodetectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichao Du
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, College of Material Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Wei Lu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Ayaz Ali
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Pei Zhao
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Khurram Shehzad
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Lingling Ma
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Xiaodong Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, College of Material Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Peng Wang
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Hehai Fang
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Zhen Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Chao Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Yaping Dan
- University of Michigan - Shanghai Jiao Tong University Joint Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Pingheng Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- Institute of Applied Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Cheng-Te Lin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315201, China
| | - Jianyi Yang
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Shurong Dong
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Zhiyuan Cheng
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Erping Li
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Wenyan Yin
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Jikui Luo
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Bin Yu
- College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, State University of New York, New York, NY, 12203, USA
| | - Tawfique Hasan
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Yang Xu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, College of Material Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
| | - Weida Hu
- National Laboratory for Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Xiangfeng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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13
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Feng W, Long P, Feng Y, Li Y. Two-Dimensional Fluorinated Graphene: Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2016; 3:1500413. [PMID: 27981018 PMCID: PMC5115570 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201500413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Fluorinated graphene, an up-rising member of the graphene family, combines a two-dimensional layer-structure, a wide bandgap, and high stability and attracts significant attention because of its unique nanostructure and carbon-fluorine bonds. Here, we give an extensive review of recent progress on synthetic methods and C-F bonding; additionally, we present the optical, electrical and electronic properties of fluorinated graphene and its electrochemical/biological applications. Fluorinated graphene exhibits various types of C-F bonds (covalent, semi-ionic, and ionic bonds), tunable F/C ratios, and different configurations controlled by synthetic methods including direct fluorination and exfoliation methods. The relationship between the types/amounts of C-F bonds and specific properties, such as opened bandgap, high thermal and chemical stability, dispersibility, semiconducting/insulating nature, magnetic, self-lubricating and mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, is discussed comprehensively. By optimizing the C-F bonding character and F/C ratios, fluorinated graphene can be utilized for energy conversion and storage devices, bioapplications, electrochemical sensors and amphiphobicity. Based on current progress, we propose potential problems of fluorinated graphene as well as the future challenge on the synthetic methods and C-F bonding character. This review will provide guidance for controlling C-F bonds, developing fluorine-related effects and promoting the application of fluorinated graphene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300072 P.R China
| | - Peng Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300072 P.R China
| | - Yiyu Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300072 P.R China
| | - Yu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology Ministry of Education Tianjin 300072 P.R China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials Tianjin 300072 P.R China
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14
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Ho KI, Boutchich M, Su CY, Moreddu R, Marianathan ESR, Montes L, Lai CS. A Self-Aligned High-Mobility Graphene Transistor: Decoupling the Channel with Fluorographene to Reduce Scattering. Adv Mater 2015; 27:6519-6525. [PMID: 26398725 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The conduction channel of a graphene field-effect transistor (FET) is decoupled from the parasitic charge impurities of the underlying substrate. Fluorographene as a passivation layer is fabricated between the oxide substrate and channel, and a self-aligned gate-terminated FET is also fabricated. This approach significantly reduces the scattering and, as a result, the mobility increases ten fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-I Ho
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Boutchich
- GeePs, CNRS UMR8507, CentraleSupelec, Univ Paris-Sud, Sorbonne Universités-UPMC Univ Paris 06, 11 Rue Joliot-Curie, Plateau de Moulon, Gif-sur-Yvette, 91192, CEDEX, France
| | - Ching-Yuan Su
- Graduate Institute of Energy Engineering, National Central University, Jhongli City, Taoyuan County, 32001, Taiwan
| | - Rosalia Moreddu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Polytechnic of Turin, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Laurent Montes
- IMEP-LAHC, Grenoble INP, Minatec, BP 257, 38016, Grenoble, France
| | - Chao-Sung Lai
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Chang Gung University, Kwei-Shan, Tao-Yuan, 333, Taiwan
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15
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Lazar P, Chua CK, Holá K, Zbořil R, Otyepka M, Pumera M. Dichlorocarbene-Functionalized Fluorographene: Synthesis and Reaction Mechanism. Small 2015; 11:3790-6. [PMID: 25939616 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201500364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Halogen functionalization of graphene is an important branch of graphene research as it provides opportunities to tailor the band gap and catalytic properties of graphene. Monovalent C-X bond obviates pitfalls of functionalization with atoms of groups 13, 15, and 16, which can introduce various poorly defined groups. Here, the preparation of functionalized graphene containing both fluorine and chlorine atoms is shown. The starting material, fluorographite, undergoes a reaction with dichlorocarbene to provide dichlorocarbene-functionalized fluorographene (DCC-FG). The material is characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy with X-ray dispersive spectroscopy. It is found that the chlorine atoms in DCC-FG are distributed homogeneously over the entire area of the fluorographene sheet. Further density functional theory calculations show that the mechanism of dichlorocarbene attack on fluorographene sheet is a two-step process. Dichlorocarbene detaches fluorine atoms from fluorographene sheet and subsequently adds to the newly formed sp(2) carbons. Halogenated graphene consisting of two (or eventually three) types of halogen atoms is envisioned to find its way as new graphene materials with tailored properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Lazar
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Chun Kiang Chua
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Kateřina Holá
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Faculty of Science, Department of Physical Chemistry, Palacký University, Olomouc, 77146, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pumera
- Division of Chemistry & Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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16
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Wang X, Dai Y, Wang W, Ren M, Li B, Fan C, Liu X. Fluorographene with high fluorine/carbon ratio: a nanofiller for preparing low-κ polyimide hybrid films. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2014; 6:16182-16188. [PMID: 25188677 DOI: 10.1021/am5042516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient amounts of fluorographene sheets with different sheet-size and fluorine/carbon ratio were synthesized for preparing of fluorographene/polyimide hybrids in order to explore the effect of fluorographene on the dielectric properties of hybrid materials. It is found that the fluorine/carbon ratio, width of band gap, and sheet-size of fluorographene play the important roles in determining the final dielectric properties of hybrids. The fluorographene with high fluorine/carbon ratio (F/C ≈ 1) presents broaden band gap, enhanced hydrophobicity, good dispersity and thermal stability, etc. Even at a very low filling, only 1 wt %, its polyimide hybrids exhibited drastically reduced dielectric constants as low as 2.1 without sacrificing thermal stability, improved mechanical properties obviously and decreased water absorption by about 120% to 1.0 wt %. This provides a novel route for improving the dielectric properties of materials and a new thought to carry out the application of fluorographene as an advanced material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Sichuan University , Chengdu, Sichuan 610065, China
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Zbořil R, Karlický F, Bourlinos AB, Steriotis TA, Stubos AK, Georgakilas V, Šafářová K, Jančík D, Trapalis C, Otyepka M. Graphene fluoride: a stable stoichiometric graphene derivative and its chemical conversion to graphene. Small 2010; 6:2885-91. [PMID: 21104801 PMCID: PMC3020323 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2010] [Revised: 10/04/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stoichoimetric graphene fluoride monolayers are obtained in a single step by the liquid-phase exfoliation of graphite fluoride with sulfolane. Comparative quantum-mechanical calculations reveal that graphene fluoride is the most thermodynamically stable of five studied hypothetical graphene derivatives; graphane, graphene fluoride, bromide, chloride, and iodide. The graphene fluoride is transformed into graphene via graphene iodide, a spontaneously decomposing intermediate. The calculated bandgaps of graphene halides vary from zero for graphene bromide to 3.1 eV for graphene fluoride. It is possible to design the electronic properties of such two-dimensional crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Zbořil
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tr. 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146Czech Republic E-mail:
| | - František Karlický
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tr. 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146Czech Republic E-mail:
| | - Athanasios B Bourlinos
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi AttikisAthens 15310, Greece E-mail:
| | - Theodore A Steriotis
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi AttikisAthens 15310, Greece
| | - Athanasios K Stubos
- Institute of Nuclear Technology and Radiation Protection, Environmental Research Laboratory, NCSR “Demokritos” Ag. Paraskevi AttikisAthens 15310, Greece
| | - Vasilios Georgakilas
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi AttikisAthens 15310, Greece E-mail:
| | - Klára Šafářová
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tr. 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146Czech Republic E-mail:
| | - Dalibor Jančík
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi AttikisAthens 15310, Greece E-mail:
| | - Christos Trapalis
- Institute of Materials Science, NCSR “Demokritos”, Ag. Paraskevi AttikisAthens 15310, Greece E-mail:
| | - Michal Otyepka
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University, tr. 17. listopadu 12, Olomouc 77146Czech Republic E-mail:
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