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Bergaoui J, Latiri I, Ben Saad H. Deficiency, incapacity and social disadvantage of patients with chronic hepatitis B: a case-control study. Tunis Med 2022; 99:682-692. [PMID: 35260999 PMCID: PMC8796680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies examining impairment, disability and social disadvantage of patients with chronic viral hepatitis B (CHB) are scarce and present conflicting conclusions. AIM To assess the deficiency, incapacity, and social disadvantage of patients with CHB. METHODS This is a project of a case-control study with two age-matched groups. Cases (n=27) will be untreated patients with a CHB. Controls (n=27) will be healthy participants. The following data will be collected: deficiency [anthropometric, biochemical (renal and hepatic functions, lipid balance, and inflammatory markers), haematological, virological, handgrip-strength, and spirometric data], incapacity [6-min walk distance, number of stops, oxy-haemoglobin saturation, dyspnoea (visual analogue scale), heart-rate, and blood-pressure] and social disadvantage ["chronic liver disease" and physical-activity questionnaires]. Each spirometric data < lower-limit-of-normal will be considered abnormal. A handgrip-strength <26 kg (male) or <16 kg (female) will be considered low. The signs of walking intolerance will be: stop during the walk, 6-min walk distance ≤ lower-limit-of-normal, dyspnoea at the end of the walk> 5/10, drop in oxy-haemoglobin saturation >5 points, heart-rate at the end of the walk ≤60%. A total physical-activity score <9.42 will classify the participant as sedentary. EXPECTED RESULTS Compared with controls, cases will have a marked alteration of submaximal aerobic data. These alterations will worsen quality-of-life and may be related to muscle and/or spirometric abnormalities, and supported by systemic inflammation and high viral load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihene Bergaoui
- 1. Reasearch laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHEDSousseTunisie
| | - Imed Latiri
- 1. Reasearch laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHEDSousseTunisie
- 2. Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de PhysiologieTunisie
| | - Helmi Ben Saad
- 1. Reasearch laboratory “Heart failure, LR12SP09”, Hospital Farhat HACHEDSousseTunisie
- 2. Université de Sousse, Faculté de Médecine de Sousse, Laboratoire de PhysiologieTunisie
- 3. Université de Sousse, Hôpital Farhat HACHED, Service de Physiologie et Explorations FonctionnellesSousse, Tunisie
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2
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Awad AS, Elariny HA, Sallam AS. Colchicine attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion-induced liver damage: implication of TLR4/NF-κB, TGF-β, and BAX and Bcl-2 gene expression. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:12-18. [PMID: 34411492 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is typically associated with a vigorous inflammatory and oxidative stress response to hypoxia and reperfusion that disturbs the function of the organ. The remote effects of renal IRI on the liver, however, require further study. Renal damage associated with liver disease is a common clinical problem. Colchicine, a polymerization inhibitor of microtubules, has been used as an anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic drug for liver diseases. The goal of the current study was to investigate the possible protective mechanisms of colchicine on liver injury following renal IRI. Forty rats were divided randomly into four groups: sham group, colchicine-treated group, IRI group, and colchicine-treated + IRI group. Treatment with colchicine significantly reduced hepatic toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) transcription factor, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) contents; downregulated BCL2 associated X apoptosis regulator (BAX) gene expression, transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) content, and upregulated hepatic B cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) gene expression as compared with the IRI group. Finally, hepatic histopathological examinations have confirmed the biochemical results. Renal IRI-induced liver damage in rats was alleviated by colchicine through its anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-fibrotic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Sayed Awad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Hemat A Elariny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Egypt
| | - Amany Said Sallam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt
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3
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Toyloy M, Tresch N, Raetz K, Dennler M, Körner M, Meier VS, Rohrer Bley C. [Massive unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma in a dog treated with -intensity-modulated radiation therapy]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2021; 163:505-513. [PMID: 34193402 DOI: 10.17236/sat00311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This case report describes a 12-year-old female spayed mixed-breed dog referred for treatment of a large, inoperable hepatocellular carcinoma. A computed tomography (CT) scan confirmed the previous ultrasonographic and laparoscopic findings of a large, lobulated, poorly defined mass on the left and central aspect of the liver. Multiple biopsies confirmed the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Due to the large extent of the tumor, the vascular association to the Vena cava caudalis and the associated high risk of intraoperative bleeding, a resection of the mass was refrained from and a radiotherapeutic treatment was chosen. The dog underwent radiation therapy (RT) with a 6MV linear accelerator with 5×6 Gy, total dose 30 Gy. In the follow up examinations three months and one year after therapy, the dog presented in normal condition and had normal Alanine-amino-transferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). The tumor size measured in the CT-examinations decreased by 61% and 90%, respectively. Two years after radiation therapy the dog has a normal general condition and liver enzymes are within the normal limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toyloy
- Abteilung Radio-Onkologie, Departement für Kleintiere, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich
| | - N Tresch
- Abteilung Radio-Onkologie, Departement für Kleintiere, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich
| | - K Raetz
- Bessy's Kleintierklinik, Watt/Regensdorf, Schweiz
| | - M Dennler
- Klinik für bildgebende Diagnostik, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich
| | - M Körner
- Abteilung Radio-Onkologie, Departement für Kleintiere, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich
| | - V S Meier
- Abteilung Radio-Onkologie, Departement für Kleintiere, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich.,Physik-Institut, Universität Zürich, Schweiz
| | - C Rohrer Bley
- Abteilung Radio-Onkologie, Departement für Kleintiere, Vetsuisse-Fakultät, Universität Zürich
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4
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Binici C, Baron von König U, Weber J. [Diagnosis of heptic diseases in ruminants and camelids with a special focus on sonographic examination]. SCHWEIZ ARCH TIERH 2021; 163:397-408. [PMID: 34097634 DOI: 10.17236/sat00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Clinical symptoms are mostly unspecific in hepatic diseases, thus most clinical examinations are of limited benefit in the diagnosis of hepatic diseases and often only general statements can be made about parenchymal damage or loss of function. In contrast, sonography of the liver can provide information about the type of lesion and thus also about the prognosis for the animal. A systematic assessment of organ size, parenchymal, vascular and bile duct system structures can facilitate to make possible findings. Sonography is also used in further diagnostics such as liver biopsy or chole-cystocentesis. This review describes the basic procedure for the sonographic examination in ruminants and camelids on the basis of selected findings relevant to the clinical veterinarian. In addition, potential and limits of additional diagnostics are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Binici
- Tierarztpraxis Beo-Vet, 3800 Matten bei Interlaken
| | | | - J Weber
- Tierarztpraxis Zettlitz, 09306 Zettlitz, Deutschland
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5
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Abstract
Chronic endurance exercise is a therapeutic strategy in the treatment of many chronic diseases in humans, including the prevention and treatment of metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. Metabolic, cardiorespiratory, and endocrine pathways targeted by chronic endurance exercise have been identified. In the liver, however, the cellular and molecular pathways that are modified by exercise and have preventive or therapeutic relevance to metabolic disease need to be elucidated. The mouse model used in the current study allows for the quantification of a human-relevant exercise "dosage". In this study we show hepatic gene expression differences between sedentary female and sedentary male mice and that chronic exercise modifies the transcription of hepatic genes related to metabolic disease and steatosis in both male and female mice. Chronic exercise induces molecular pathways involved in glucose tolerance, glycolysis, and gluconeogenesis while producing a decrease in pathways related to insulin resistance, steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammation. Given these findings, this mouse exercise model has potential to dissect the cellular and molecular hepatic changes following chronic exercise with application to understanding the role that chronic exercise plays in preventing human diseases. Novelty: Exercise modifies the hepatic gene expression and hepatic pathways related to metabolic disease in male and female mice. Sex differences were seen in hepatic gene expression between sedentary and exercised mice. The mouse exercise model used in this study allows for application and evaluation of exercise effects in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luma Melo
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Karen Tilmant
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
| | - Amit Hagar
- History & Philosophy of Science & Medicine Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.,Intelligent Systems Engineering Department, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA
| | - James E Klaunig
- Laboratory of Investigative Toxicology and Pathology, Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Indiana School of Public Health, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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Awad AS, Elariny HA, Sallam AS. The possible protective effect of colchicine against liver damage induced by renal ischemia-reperfusion injury: role of Nrf2 and NLRP3 inflammasome. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2020; 98:849-854. [PMID: 32640174 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2020-0230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) induces an inflammatory response and production of reactive oxygen species, which affects the organs remote to the sites of renal IR. However, remote effects of renal IRI on the liver need further investigations. Renal injury associated with liver disease is a common clinical problem. Colchicine is an established drug for microtubule stabilization that may reduce tissue injury and has antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects. The aim of the present study was (i) to assess the hepatic changes after induction of renal IRI, (ii) to explore the possible protective effect of colchicine on liver injury following renal IRI, and (iii) to investigate the possible mechanisms underlying the potential effect. Forty rats were randomly divided into four groups: sham operation group, colchicine-treated group, IR group, and colchicine-treated IR group. Colchicine treatment improved liver function (ALT/AST) after renal IRI, decreased hepatic oxidative stress and cell apoptosis by reducing hepatic MDA, upregulating hepatic total antioxidant capacity, Nrf2, and HO-1. Furthermore, colchicine inhibited inflammatory responses by downregulating hepatic NLRP3 inflammasome, IL-1β, and caspase-1. Colchicine attenuates renal IRI-induced liver injury in rats. This effect may be due to reducing inflammation and oxidative stress markers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azza Sayed Awad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hemat A Elariny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Said Sallam
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Menofia, Egypt
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7
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Moore MP, Cunningham RP, Kelty TJ, Boccardi LR, Nguyen NY, Booth FW, Rector RS. Ketogenic diet in combination with voluntary exercise impacts markers of hepatic metabolism and oxidative stress in male and female Wistar rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:35-44. [PMID: 31116955 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Ketogenic diets (KDs) are shown to benefit hepatic metabolism; however, their effect on the liver when combined with exercise is unknown. We investigated the effects of a KD versus a "western" diet (WD) on markers of hepatic lipid metabolism and oxidative stress in exercising rats. Male and female Wistar rats with access to voluntary running wheels were randomized to 3 groups (n = 8-14 per group): standard chow (SC; 17% fat), WD (42% fat), or KD (90.5% fat) for 7 weeks. Body fat percentage (BF%) was increased in WD and KD versus SC, although KD females displayed lower BF% versus WD (p ≤ 0.05). Liver triglycerides were higher in KD and WD versus SC but were attenuated in KD females versus WD (p ≤ 0.05). KD suppressed hepatic markers of de novo lipogenesis (fatty acid synthase, acetyl coenzyme A carboxylase) and increased markers of mitochondrial biogenesis/content (peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-1α, mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM), and citrate synthase activity). KD also increased hepatic glutathione peroxidase 1 and lowered oxidized glutathione. Female rats exhibited elevated hepatic markers of mitochondrial biogenesis (TFAM), mitophagy (light chain 3 II/I ratio, autophagy-related protein 12:5), and cellular energy homeostasis (phosphorylated 5'AMP-activated protein kinase/5'AMP-activated protein kinase) versus males. These data highlight that KD and exercise beneficially impacts hepatic metabolism and oxidative stress and merits further investigation. Novelty KD feeding combined with exercise improved hepatic oxidative stress, suppressed markers of de novo lipogenesis, and increased markers of mitochondrial content versus WD feeding. Males and females responded similarly to combined KD feeding and exercise. Female rats exhibited elevated hepatic markers of autophagy/mitophagy and energy homeostasis compared with male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary P Moore
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA
| | - Rory P Cunningham
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA
| | - Taylor J Kelty
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Luigi R Boccardi
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
| | - Nhu Y Nguyen
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA
| | - Frank W Booth
- Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - R Scott Rector
- Research Service, Harry S Truman Memorial Veterans Medical Center, Columbia, MO 65201, USA.,Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65203, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65212, USA
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Jorgačević B, Vučević D, Vesković M, Mladenović D, Vukićević D, Vukićević RJ, Todorović V, Radosavljević T. The effect of cannabinoid receptor 1 blockade on adipokine and proinflammatory cytokine concentration in adipose and hepatic tissue in mice with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2019; 97:120-129. [PMID: 30673308 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
In high-fat diet (HFD) induced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), there is an increase in the endocannabinoid system activity, which significantly contributes to steatosis development. The aim of our study was to investigate the effects of cannabinoid receptor type 1 blockade on adipokine and proinflammatory cytokine content in adipose and hepatic tissue in mice with NAFLD. Male mice C57BL/6 were divided into a control group fed with a control diet for 20 weeks (C, n = 6) a group fed with a HFD for 20 weeks (HF, n = 6), a group fed with a control diet and treated with rimonabant after 18 weeks (R, n = 9), and a group fed with HFD and treated with rimonabant after 18 weeks (HFR, n = 10). Rimonabant significantly decreased leptin, resistin, apelin, visfatin, interleukin 6 (IL-6), and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) concentration in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in the HFR group compared to the HF group (p < 0.01). Rimonabant reduced hepatic IL-6 and IFN-γ concentration as well as plasma glucose and insulin concentration and the homeostatic model assessment index in the HFR group compared to the HF group (p < 0.01). It can be concluded that the potential usefulness of CB1 blockade in the treatment of HFD-induced NAFLD is due to modulation of the adipokine profile and proinflammatory cytokines in both adipose tissues and liver as well as glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Jorgačević
- a Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Vučević
- a Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Milena Vesković
- a Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Mladenović
- a Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Vukićević
- a Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Rada Ješić Vukićević
- b Institute of Digestive Diseases, Clinical Centre of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vera Todorović
- c Faculty of Dentistry, Pančevo, University Business Academy, Novi Sad, 13000 Pančevo, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Radosavljević
- a Institute of Pathophysiology "Ljubodrag Buba Mihailović", Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
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Gerazova-Efremova K, Dinevska-Kjovkarovska S, Miova B. Heat-Shock Protein 70-Mediated Heat Preconditioning Attenuates Hepatic Carbohydrate and Oxidative Disturbances in Rats With Type 1 Diabetes. Can J Diabetes 2019; 43:345-353. [PMID: 30853267 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Revised: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Heat preconditioning and heat-shock protein (HSP) synthesis have significant cytoprotective effects against the development of cellular injury caused by the application of a subsequent stressor, which were found to depend on the time period between the stressors. We aimed to determine the most efficient recovery time (6 h or 24 h) following heat-stress exposure and prior application of diabetic streptozotocin (STZ) on the moderation of carbohydrate and oxidative metabolic disturbances caused by diabetes. METHODS Experiment animals (Wistar rats) were exposed to acute heat stress at 41±1°C for 45 min, followed by 6-h or 24-h recovery times at room temperature before sacrifice or STZ administration. RESULTS Our findings indicate that acute heat stress with 6-h or 24-h recovery periods results in a significant rise in the hepatic heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) levels (even more so after 24 h), glycogen breakdown and stable glycemia, followed by reduced glycolytic and gluconeogenic activity (after 24 h) (glucose-6-phosphatase, fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase); stimulates antioxidative activity (glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase) (after 6 h); and decreases glutathione and catalase activity (after 24 h). Heat preconditioning (with 6-h and 24-h recovery periods) prior to STZ-induced diabetes increases HSP70 levels and causes lower serum glucose levels, higher glycogen and glucose-6-phosphate levels, lower glucose-6-phosphatase levels and glycogen phosphorylase and hexokinase levels but also elevates glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase activity compared to untreated STZ animals. CONCLUSIONS Based on our findings, heat preconditioning and HSP70 induction in rats with type 1 diabetes attenuates STZ-induced metabolic alterations in hepatic carbohydrate metabolism and oxidative states. These changes are more evident at 24 h recovery post-acute heat stress, based on the most evident accumulation of HSP70 in this time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katerina Gerazova-Efremova
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Suzana Dinevska-Kjovkarovska
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | - Biljana Miova
- Department of Experimental Physiology and Biochemistry, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia.
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Pacheco NCS, de Almeida APC, de Siqueira KC, de Lima FM, Reis SRDL, Latorraca MQ, Stoppiglia LF. Nutritional recovery with a soybean diet impaired the glucagon response but did not alter liver gluconeogenesis in the adult offspring of rats deprived of protein during pregnancy and lactation. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 44:13-21. [PMID: 29932877 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Nutritional recovery of early malnutrition with a soybean diet reduces liver glycogen stores in the fed state and produces liver insulin resistance. We investigated whether nutritional recovery on a soybean flour diet alters hepatic gluconeogenesis in the adult offspring of rats deprived of protein during pregnancy and lactation. Male rats from mothers that were fed either 17% (C) or 6% (L) protein during pregnancy and lactation were maintained on a 17% casein (CC, n = 16 and LC, n = 17), 17% soybean flour (CS, n = 10 and LS, n = 10), or 6% casein (LL, n = 10) diet after weaning. The soybean diet reduced basal serum glucose (soybean diet, 5.6 ± 0.6 mmol/L vs. casein diet, 6.2 ± 0.6 mmol/L; p < 0.05) but increased alanine aminotransferase mRNA/GAPDH (soybean diet, 0.062 ± 0.038 vs. casein diet, 0.024 ± 0.011; p < 0.01), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase mRNA/GAPDH (soybean diet, 1.53 ± 0.52 vs. casein diet, 0.95 ± 0.43; p < 0.05), and glycerokinase protein content (soybean diet, 0.86 ± 0.08 vs. casein diet, 0.75 ± 0.11; p < 0.05). The serum glucose concentration (recovered groups, 5.6 ± 0.5 mmol/L vs. control groups, 6.2 ± 0.7 mmol/L; p < 0.05) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activity (recovered groups, 2.8 ± 0.6 μU/mg vs. control groups, 3.6 ± 0.6 μU/mg; p < 0.05) were decreased in rats subjected to protein restriction in early life. The glucose area under the curve during the pyruvate tolerance test did not differ among groups, whereas glucose area under the curve after glucagon infusion was reduced by early malnutrition (recovered groups, 4210 ± 572 mg/dL·40 min vs. control groups, 4493 ± 688 mg/dL·40 min; p < 0.001) and by the soybean diet (soybean diet, 3995 ± 500 mg/dL·40 min vs. casein diet, 4686 ± 576 mg/dL·40 min; p < 0.05). Thus, the soybean diet impaired the response to glucagon but did not alter gluconeogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelma Cristina Silva Pacheco
- a Mestrado em Biociências, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Carli de Almeida
- a Mestrado em Biociências, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Kariny Cássia de Siqueira
- a Mestrado em Biociências, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Faena Moura de Lima
- a Mestrado em Biociências, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Sílvia Regina de Lima Reis
- b Departamento de Alimentos Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Márcia Queiroz Latorraca
- b Departamento de Alimentos Nutrição, Faculdade de Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz Fabrizio Stoppiglia
- c Departamento de Psicologia, Instituto de Educação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Cuiabá, MT 78060-900, Brazil
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Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the value of real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound in differential diagnosis of malignant liver tumors. Sixty patients pathologically diagnosed with liver cancer from May 2016 to May 2017 were selected as the subjects. All patients received ultrasonic diagnosis followed by the observation on dynamic contrast enhancement of the image and the analysis on perfusion characteristics and difference in contrast-enhanced ultrasound results in patients with different types of liver cancer. The signal during the arterial phase of 21 patients with well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma increased, including 12 cases of slow withdrawal of portal venous phase. The relative height of artery of 30 patients with middle-low differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma increased along with the speed at which the contrast media was washed out at the end of the portal phase. In 9 patients with intrahepatic bile duct cancer, the enhancement of the arteries was slightly increased in the periphery of the tumor and low enhancement was found in the portal venous phase. There were some differences in the timing and the intensity of the enhancement of the ultrasound signals with 3 different types of diseases (P < 0.05). There are obvious differences in real-time contrast-enhanced ultrasound features of patients with different types of malignant liver tumor, which may provide references for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Ultrasonography, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Ultrasonography, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.,Department of Ultrasonography, Wuhan Fourth Hospital, Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China
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12
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Venturini PR, Thomazini BF, Oliveira CA, Alves AA, Camargo TF, Domingues CEC, Barbosa-Sampaio HCL, do Amaral MEC. Vitamin E supplementation and caloric restriction promotes regulation of insulin secretion and glycemic homeostasis by different mechanisms in rats. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:777-785. [PMID: 30481061 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E and caloric restriction have antioxidant effects in mammals. The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of vitamin E supplementation and caloric restriction upon insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in rats. Male Wistar rats were distributed among the following groups: C, control group fed ad libitum; R, food quantity reduction of 40%; CV, control group supplemented with vitamin E [30 mg·kg-1·day-1]; and RV, food-restricted group supplemented with vitamin E. The experiments ran for 21 days. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity was higher in the CV, R, and RV groups. Insulin secretion stimulated with different glucose concentrations was lower in the R and RV groups, compared with C and CV. In the presence of glucose and secretagogues, insulin secretion was higher in the CV group and was lower in the R and RV groups. An increase in insulin receptor occurred in the fat pad and muscle tissue of groups CV, R, and RV. Levels of hepatic insulin receptor and phospho-Akt protein were higher in groups R and RV, compared with C and CV, while muscle phospho-Akt was increased in the CV group. There was a reduction in hepatic RNA levels of the hepatocyte growth factor gene and insulin degrading enzyme in the R group, and increased levels of insulin degrading enzyme in the CV and RV groups. Thus, vitamin E supplementation and caloric restriction modulate insulin secretion by different mechanisms to maintain glucose homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula R Venturini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruna Fontana Thomazini
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Camila Andréa Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Armindo A Alves
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Furtado Camargo
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio E C Domingues
- School of Biology, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Helena C L Barbosa-Sampaio
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Esméria C do Amaral
- Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, UNIARARAS, Araras, São Paulo, Brazil
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Samira M, Mounira T, Kamel K, Yacoubi MT, Ben Rhouma K, Sakly M, Tebourbi O. Hepatotoxicity of vanadyl sulfate in nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:1076-1083. [PMID: 30075092 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the effects of vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4) on the livers of nondiabetic and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rats were divided into 6 groups. Groups 1, 2, and 3 consisted of nondiabetic rats that were, respectively, control animals or those receiving an intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of either 5 or 10 mg·kg-1 (i.p.) VOSO4 for 30 days. Groups 4, 5, and 6 consisted of diabetic animals that were, respectively, control animals or those treated with 5 or 10 mg·kg-1 (i.p.) VOSO4 for 30 days. Results showed that VOSO4 reduced body mass in nondiabetic rats, whereas it increased body mass in diabetic groups. Plasma transaminases (aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase), lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase activities and malondialdehyde levels were increased, while liver catalase and superoxide dismutase activities were profoundly decreased in diabetic animals in comparison with enzyme activities in the nondiabetic group. Rats in the diabetic group also showed notable oxidative damage to the liver. Treatment of diabetic rats with VOSO4 decreased the hepatotoxic markers, significantly restored the activities of antioxidant enzymes, and attenuated histopathological changes in liver tissue. In nondiabetic rats, VOSO4 treatment increased most of the hepatotoxic markers, reduced antioxidant enzyme activities, and induced pronounced oxidative damage in liver tissue. These data suggest that treatment with VOSO4 exerts toxic effects in healthy animals and significantly prevents liver oxidative damage in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, but without total safety. Further studies are needed to clarify its mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Missaoui Samira
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Tlili Mounira
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Kacem Kamel
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Tahar Yacoubi
- b Department of Pathological Anatomy, Farhat Hached University Hospital, 4002 Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Khemais Ben Rhouma
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Mohsen Sakly
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
| | - Olfa Tebourbi
- a Laboratory of Integrated Physiology, Faculty of Sciences of Bizerte, University of Carthage, 7021 Jarzouna, Tunisia
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14
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Kurhaluk N, Bojková B, Winklewski PJ. Liver antioxidant and aerobic status improves after metformin and melatonin administration in a rat model of high-fat diet and mammary carcinogenesis. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 96:790-797. [PMID: 29658305 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is involved in the development of various cancers. In the present study, the effect of long-term administration of peroral antidiabetic metformin and pineal hormone melatonin on liver antioxidant and aerobic status in female Sprague-Dawley rats carrying mammary tumors induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea was evaluated. Both substances were administered in a preventive and curative manner (12 days before and 16 weeks after the carcinogen application). Carcinogen administration induced oxidative stress: the level of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) considered as a marker of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in liver increased as well as the level of oxidatively modified protein content (OMP; aldehyde and ketone derivates). Metformin administration restored succinate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase activity and associated ROS production and OMP content to the level of intact rats, with predominant activation of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione reductase (GR). Melatonin alone and in combination with metformin also decreased TBARS content. OMP content decreased in all groups receiving chemoprevention. The rise in total antioxidant capacity after melatonin and particularly metformin and melatonin combination might result from the initiation of anaerobic metabolism and increasing SOD, GR, and glutathione peroxidase activity. Long-term administration of metformin and melatonin exerts antioxidant properties in liver, especially in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kurhaluk
- a Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Environment Protection, Pomeranian University, Slupsk, Poland
| | - Bianka Bojková
- b Department of Animal Physiology, Institute of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pawel J Winklewski
- c Department of Human Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,d Department of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Pomeranian University of Slupsk, Slupsk, Poland
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15
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Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Wir stellen die wichtigsten Erkenntnisse zu Organschädigungen durch einen Ultramarathon zusammen. Nach einem Ultramarathon können kardiale Biomarker wie CK, CK-MB, kardiales Troponin I (cTnI) und N-terminales pro-Brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-pro BNP) erhöht sein. Bis 80 % und mehr der Finisher klagen über Verdauungsprobleme, die einer der Hauptgründe sind, einen Ultramarathon nicht zu finishen. Bis zu 90 % der Läufer, die einen Ultramarathon aufgeben, klagen über Übelkeit. Nach einem Ultramarathon steigen die Leberwerte oft an, schwerwiegende Konsequenzen bleiben meist aus. Risikofaktoren für eine Einschränkung der Nierenfunktion sind eine ausgeprägte Muskelschädigung mit Rhabdomyolyse, Dehydratation, Hypotonie, Hyperurikämie, Hyponatriämie, geringe Wettkampferfahrung sowie die Einnahme von NSARs. Ultraläufer leiden nach einem Ultramarathon oft an Infekten der oberen Atemwege.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Knechtle
- 1 Medbase St. Gallen
- 2 Institut für Hausarztmedizin, Universität Zürich
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16
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Koumaré S, Koné T, Keita S, Soumaré L, Sissoko MS, Camara M, Sacko O, Camara A, Koïta A, Togo S, Ouattara MA, Dicko H, Konaté M, Coulibaly Y, Diallo M, Sanogo ZZ, Sangaré D. [Diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of the amoebic liver abscesses in the surgery at point "G" Hospital]. Mali Med 2018; 33:1-5. [PMID: 30484582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
AIM Our aim was to evaluate the diagnosis and therapeutic aspects of the amoebic liver abscesses in the surgery «A» department of the University hospital Point "G". PATIENTS AND METHODS Were included in this study, patients admitted to the surgery «A» department for amoebic liver abscess confirmed by a positive amoebic serology and the chocolate appearance of bacteria-free pus. Bacterial liver abscesses were not included into this study. RESULTS Over a 10-year period, 52 cases of patients diagnosed with amoebic liver abscess were collected in the department. There were 41 men and 11 women, with a sex ratio of 3.7. The mean age was 37.8 years old with extremes of 15 and 66 years. The most represented professions were farmers (36.5%) followed by salesmen (26.7%) and students (11.5%). The average outpatient visit delay time was 18.5 days with the extremes of 5 and 34 days. The most frequent clinical signs were pain in the right hypochondrium (86.5%), fever (78.8%) and hepatomegaly (61.5%). Abdominal ultrasound showed a single located abscess in 44 patients (84.6%) and these abscesses were localized in the right hepatic lobe in 34 patients(65.4%). The average volume of the abscess was 366.5 cm3 with the extremes of 36 cm3 and 1580 cm3. Amoebic serology was positive in 38 patients (80.9%). Cytobacteriological analysis of pus in 37 patients (71%) was negative. Patients underwent an ultrasound assisted needle aspiration of pus in 65.4% he. Laparotomy and a laparoscopic approach were performed in 7.7% and in 5.8%, respectively. The clinical course was uneventfulin 94.2%. The mean hospital stay duration was 16.5 days with the extremes of 4 and 29 days. No death was recorded during hospitalization. CONCLUSION Amoebic liver abscess is an uncommon pathology in a surgical setting. Abdominal ultrasound andechography guided liver puncture allowed the diagnosis. Laparoscopic approach minimizes the burden of the laparotomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Koumaré
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | - T Koné
- Service de chirurgie générale CHU Gabriel Touré
| | - S Keita
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | - L Soumaré
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | | | - M Camara
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | - O Sacko
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | - A Camara
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | - A Koïta
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
| | - S Togo
- Service de chirurgie thoracique hôpital du Mali
| | | | - H Dicko
- Service d'anesthésie réanimation CHU du Point G
| | - M Konaté
- Service de chirurgie générale CHU Gabriel Touré
| | | | - M Diallo
- Centre Santé Référence commune VI
| | | | - D Sangaré
- Service de chirurgie A CHU du Point G
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17
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Sargeant JA, Aithal GP, Takamura T, Misu H, Takayama H, Douglas JA, Turner MC, Stensel DJ, Nimmo MA, Webb DR, Yates T, King JA. The influence of adiposity and acute exercise on circulating hepatokines in normal-weight and overweight/obese men. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 43:482-490. [PMID: 29220580 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Hepatokines are liver-secreted proteins with potential to influence glucose regulation and other metabolic parameters. This study investigated differences in adiposity status on 5 novel hepatokines and characterised their response to acute moderate-intensity exercise in groups of normal-weight and overweight/obese men. Twenty-two men were recruited into normal-weight and overweight/obese groups (body mass index: 18.5 to 24.9 and 25.0 to 34.9 kg·m-2). Each completed 2 experimental trials, exercise and control. During exercise trials, participants performed 60 min of moderate-intensity treadmill exercise (∼60% peak oxygen uptake) and then rested for 6 h. Participants rested throughout control trials. Circulating fibroblast growth factor-21 (FGF21), follistatin, leukocyte cell-derived chemotaxin 2 (LECT2), fetuin-A, and selenoprotein-P (SeP) were measured throughout. Fasted (resting) FGF21 and LECT2 were higher in overweight/obese individuals (129% and 55%; P ≤ 0.01) and correlated with indices of adiposity and insulin resistance; whereas circulating follistatin was lower in overweight/obese individuals throughout trial days (17%, P < 0.05). In both groups, circulating concentrations of FGF21 and follistatin were transiently elevated after exercise for up to 6 h (P ≤ 0.02). Circulating fetuin-A and SeP were no different between groups (P ≥ 0.19) and, along with LECT2, were unaffected by exercise (P ≥ 0.06). These findings show that increased adiposity is associated with a modified hepatokine profile, which may represent a novel mechanism linking excess adiposity to metabolic health. Furthermore, acute perturbations in circulating FGF21 and follistatin after exercise may contribute to the health benefits of an active lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack A Sargeant
- a School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Guruprasad P Aithal
- b National Institute of Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals National Health Service (NHS) Trust and the University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK
| | - Toshinari Takamura
- c Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Misu
- c Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Takayama
- c Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan
| | - Jessica A Douglas
- a School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Mark C Turner
- a School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - David J Stensel
- a School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
| | - Myra A Nimmo
- d College of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - David R Webb
- e Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - Thomas Yates
- e Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester LE5 4PW, UK
| | - James A King
- a School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Leicestershire LE11 3TU, UK
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18
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Hassan SS, Razzaque A, Ahmad Z, Pazdernik V, Amin SN. Does posttreatment thymoquinone reverse high-dose atorvastatin-induced hepatic oxidative injury in rats? Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 96:51-59. [PMID: 28968507 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Atorvastatin (ATO) was commonly used to lower blood cholesterol, but it caused harmful effects to organs, including the liver. Thymoquinone (TQ), a prominent constituent of Nigella sativa, has antioxidant, antiinflammatory, antiapoptotic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity. The current study investigated the mechanism of ATO-induced hepatotoxicity, whether posttreatment TQ could reverse ATO-induced hepatic injury, and the mechanism of action of TQ as a hepatoprotective agent. Forty adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups: control, TQ-treated, ATO-treated, and combined ATO/TQ-treated. Rats were treated for 8 weeks and 10 days and euthanized by cervical dislocation 3 days after the last treatment. Blood samples and livers were tested for liver enzymes, oxidative stress, and apoptosis markers and used for histopathological and ultrastructural examination. The ATO-treated group showed an increase in liver enzymes, decreases in reduced glutathione and catalase, and increases in the malondialdehyde lipid peroxidation marker, protein carbonylation, and caspase 3 activity. Posttreatment TQ in the ATO/TQ-treated group seemed to reverse these changes. Histopathological and ultrastructural examination supported these data. Results from the current study suggested that posttreatment TQ may reverse oxidative stress injury in rat liver produced by ATO, suggesting a potential clinical application of using TQ to prevent ATO-induced hepatic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif Sabry Hassan
- a Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, California University of Science and Medicine, San Bernardino, CA 92408, USA.,b Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmer Razzaque
- c Department of Anatomy, A.T. Still University-Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Zulfiqar Ahmad
- d Department of Biochemistry, A.T. Still University-Kirksville College of Osteopathic Medicine, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Vanessa Pazdernik
- e Department of Research Support, A.T. Still University, Kirksville, MO 63501, USA
| | - Shaimaa Nasr Amin
- f Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, El-Manial, Cairo, Egypt
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Hutfles LJ, Wilkins HM, Koppel SJ, Weidling IW, Selfridge JE, Tan E, Thyfault JP, Slawson C, Fenton AW, Zhu H, Swerdlow RH. A bioenergetics systems evaluation of ketogenic diet liver effects. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:955-962. [PMID: 28514599 PMCID: PMC5857360 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Ketogenic diets induce hepatocyte fatty acid oxidation and ketone body production. To further evaluate how ketogenic diets affect hepatocyte bioenergetic infrastructure, we analyzed livers from C57Bl/6J male mice maintained for 1 month on a ketogenic or standard chow diet. Compared with the standard diet, the ketogenic diet increased cytosolic and mitochondrial protein acetylation and also altered protein succinylation patterns. SIRT3 protein decreased while SIRT5 protein increased, and gluconeogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, and mitochondrial biogenesis pathway proteins were variably and likely strategically altered. The pattern of changes observed can be used to inform a broader systems overview of how ketogenic diets affect liver bioenergetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis J. Hutfles
- Kansas City University of Medicine and Biosciences, Kansas City, MO 64106
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Heather M. Wilkins
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Scott J. Koppel
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Ian W. Weidling
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - J. Eva Selfridge
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Eephie Tan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - John P. Thyfault
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128
| | - Chad Slawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Aron W. Fenton
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
| | - Hao Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66150
| | - Russell H. Swerdlow
- University of Kansas Alzheimer’s Disease Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160
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Reis AS, Pinz MP, Bortolatto CF, Jesse CR, Savegnago L, Roman S, Luchese C, Wilhelm EA. Antioxidant compound (E)-2-benzylidene-4-phenyl-1,3-diselenole protects rats against thioacetamide-induced acute hepatotoxicity. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1039-1045. [PMID: 28704613 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether (E)-2-benzylidene-4-phenyl-1,3-diselenole (BPD) protects against hepatotoxicity induced by thioacetamide (TAA). On the first day of treatment, male adult Wistar rats received BPD (10 or 50 mg·kg-1). On the second day, the rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of TAA (400 mg·kg-1). Twenty-four hours after TAA administration, biochemical determinations and liver histological analysis were carried out. BPD (50 mg·kg-1) reduced plasma aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, and lactate dehydrogenase activities increased by TAA exposure. Treatment with BPD was effective against increased lipid peroxidation levels and attenuated a decrease in hepatic reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid levels as well as an inhibition of glutathione peroxidase activity caused by TAA exposure. The higher dose of BPD protected against the inhibition of hepatic δ-aminolevulinic dehydratase activity induced by TAA. Finally, histopathological examination of the liver showed that BPD markedly ameliorated TAA-induced hepatic injury. In conclusion, BPD protected against hepatotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by TAA exposure in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica S Reis
- a Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, RS, Brasil
| | - Mikaela P Pinz
- a Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, RS, Brasil
| | - Cristiani F Bortolatto
- b Laboratório de Síntese, Reatividade e Avaliação Farmacológica e Toxicológica de Organocalcogênios, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, CEP 97105-900, RS, Brasil
| | - Cristiano R Jesse
- c Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus Itaqui, Itaqui, CEP 97650-000, RS, Brasil
| | - Lucielli Savegnago
- a Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, RS, Brasil
| | - Silvane Roman
- d Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das Missões Erechim, Fundação Regional Integrada, Ciências da Saúde, Erechim, CEP 99700-000, RS, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Luchese
- a Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, RS, Brasil
| | - Ethel A Wilhelm
- a Programa de Pós-graduação em Bioquímica e Bioprospecção (PPGBBio), Grupo de Pesquisa em Neurobiotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Pelotas (UFPel), Campus Capão do Leão, Pelotas, CEP 96010-900, RS, Brasil
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Giribabu N, Karim K, Kilari EK, Kassim NM, Salleh N. Anti-Inflammatory, Antiapoptotic and Proproliferative Effects of Vitis vinifera Seed Ethanolic Extract in the Liver of Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Type 2 Diabetes in Male Rats. Can J Diabetes 2017; 42:138-149. [PMID: 28673757 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjd.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Consumption of Vitis vinifera seed has been reported to ameliorate liver pathology in diabetes mellitus; however, the mechanisms underlying its effects remain unknown. In this study, the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative effects of the ethanolic seed extract of V. vinifera (VVSEE) in the liver in cases of diabetes were identified. METHODS Adult male rats with streptozotocin-nicotinamide-induced diabetes were given 50, 100 or 200 mg/kg body weight VVSEE orally for 28 days. At the end of the treatment, body weights were determined, and the blood was collected for analyses of fasting blood glucose, insulin and liver enzyme levels. Following sacrifice, livers were harvested and their wet weights and glycogen contents were measured. Histologic appearances of the livers were observed under light microscopy, and the expression and distribution of inflammatory, apoptosis and proliferative markers in the livers were identified by molecular biologic techniques. RESULTS Treatment of rats with diabetes by VVSEE attenuates decreased body weight, liver weight and liver glycogen content. Additionally, increases in fasting blood glucose levels and liver enzyme levels and decreases in serum insulin levels were ameliorated. Lesser histopathologic changes were also observed: decreased inflammation and apoptosis, as indicated by decreased levels of inflammatory markers (TNF-α, NF-Kβ, IKK-β, IL-6, IL-1β) and apoptosis markers (caspase-3, caspase-9 and Bax). VVSEE treatment induces increase in hepatocyte regeneration, as indicated by increased PCNA and Ki-67 distribution in the livers of rats with diabetes. Several molecules identified in VVSEE via gas chromatography mass spectrometry might contribute to these effects. CONCLUSIONS The anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and pro-proliferative effects of VVSEE could account for its hepatoprotective actions in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelli Giribabu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Kamarulzaman Karim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Eswar Kumar Kilari
- Pharmacology Division, A.U. College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Normadiah M Kassim
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Naguib Salleh
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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22
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Petiz LL, Kunzler A, Bortolin RC, Gasparotto J, Matté C, Moreira JCF, Gelain DP. Role of vitamin A oral supplementation on oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the liver of trained rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:1192-1200. [PMID: 28742973 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The use of dietary supplements to enhance the benefit of exercise training is a common practice. The liver is the organ where all substances are metabolized, and certain supplements have been associated with liver injury. Vitamin A (VA), a liposoluble vitamin stored in the liver, is commonly used as an antioxidant supplement. Here, we evaluated the effect of chronic VA supplementation on oxidative damage and stress parameters in trained rats. Animals were divided into the following groups: sedentary (SE), sedentary/VA (SE+VA), exercise training (ET), and exercise training/VA (ET+VA). During 8 weeks, animals were subjected to swimming (0%, 2%, 4%, 6% body weight) for 5 days/week and a VA daily intake of 450 retinol equivalents/day. Parameters were evaluated by enzymatic activity analysis, ELISA, and Western blotting. VA caused liver lipid peroxidation and protein damage in exercised rats and inhibited the increase in HSP70 expression acquired with exercise alone. The ET group showed higher levels of antioxidant enzyme activity, and VA inhibited this adaptation. Expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin (IL)-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α was reduced in the ET+VA group, while the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10, was increased. Western blotting showed that both exercised groups had lower levels of the receptor for advanced glycation end products, suggesting that VA did not affect this receptor. Our study demonstrated that, although VA caused oxidative damage, a controlled administration might exert anti-inflammatory effects. Further studies with higher VA doses and longer ET interventions would elucidate more the effects of the supplementation and exercise on liver parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyvia Lintzmaier Petiz
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alice Kunzler
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Rafael Calixto Bortolin
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Juciano Gasparotto
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Matté
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - José Claudio Fonseca Moreira
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Daniel Pens Gelain
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.,Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - prédio anexo - CEP 90035-003 - Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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23
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Amin SN, El-Aidi AA, Zickri MB, Rashed LA, Hassan SS. Hepatoprotective effect of blocking N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors in male albino rats exposed to acute and repeated restraint stress. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:721-731. [PMID: 28317386 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stress affects many organs in addition to the brain, including the liver. We assessed the effects on the liver of blocking N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) glutamate receptors with memantine in acute and repeated restraint stress. Forty-two male albino rats were divided into 7 groups; control, acute restraint stress (ARS), ARS + memantine, repeated restraint stress, repeated restraint + memantine, and positive control groups. We measured serum iron, zinc, alanine transferase and aspartame transferase, hepatic malondialdehyde, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, metallothionein content, zinc transporter ZRT/IRT-like protein 14 mRNA expression, and hepcidin expression. We conducted a histopathological evaluation via histological staining and immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and synaptophysin expression, both of which are markers of hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation. Both ARS and repeated stress increased markers of hepatic cell injury, oxidative stress, and HSC activation. Blocking NMDA with memantine provided a hepatoprotective effect in acute and repeated restraint stress and decreased hepatic cell injury, oxidative stress, and HSC activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaimaa Nasr Amin
- a Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Maha Baligh Zickri
- c Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Laila Ahmed Rashed
- d Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sherif Sabry Hassan
- e Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.,f California University of Science and Medicine, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Education, Colton, CA, USA
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24
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Lana JP, Martins LB, Oliveira MCD, Menezes-Garcia Z, Yamada LTP, Vieira LQ, Teixeira MM, Ferreira AVM. TNF and IL-18 cytokines may regulate liver fat storage under homeostasis conditions. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 41:1295-1302. [PMID: 27863204 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The inflammation induced by obesogenic diets is associated with deposition of fat in the liver. On the other hand, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive therapies may impact in body fat storage and in liver lipid dynamics. It is important to study specific inflammatory mediators in this context, since their role on hepatic damage is not fully clarified. This study aimed to evaluate the role of interleukin (IL)-18 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor in liver dysfunction induced by diet. Male C57BL/6 wild-type (WT), IL-18, and TNF receptor 1 knockout mice (IL-18-/- and TNFR1-/-) were divided according to the experimental diets: chow diet or a high-refined carbohydrate-containing diet. Alanine aminotransferase was quantified by colorimetric analysis. Total fat content in the liver was determined by Folch methods. Levels of TNF, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-13 in liver samples were measured by ELISA assay. IL-18 and TNFR knockout mice fed with chow diet showed higher liver triglycerides deposition than WT mice fed with the same diet (WT: 131.9 ± 24.5; IL-18-/-: 239.4 ± 38.12*; TNF-/-: 179.6 ± 50.45*; *P < 0.01). Furthermore, these animals also showed a worse liver histopathological score and lower levels of TNF, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-13 in the liver. Interestingly, treatment with a high-carbohydrate diet did not exacerbate liver damage in IL-18-/- and TNFR1-/- mice. Our data suggest that IL-18 and TNF may be involved on hepatic homeostasis mainly in a context of a healthy diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaqueline Pereira Lana
- a Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laís Bhering Martins
- a Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marina Chaves de Oliveira
- a Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Zélia Menezes-Garcia
- b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Leda Quercia Vieira
- b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Mauro Martins Teixeira
- b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Adaliene Versiani Matos Ferreira
- a Nursing School, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.,b Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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25
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Ren J, Xu N, Ma Z, Li Y, Li C, Wang Y, Tian Y, Liu X, Kang X. Characteristics of expression and regulation of sirtuins in chicken (Gallus gallus). Genome 2016; 60:431-440. [PMID: 28177837 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2016-0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sirtuins (SIRT1-SIRT7) are a family of NAD+-dependent protein deacetylases that are linked to post-translational regulation of many metabolic processes. There are few reports available for chicken sirtuins (designated cSIRT1-cSIRT7), whose expression and regulation in the liver have yet to be explored. In the present study, we characterized the expression and regulation of sirtuin family members in chicken liver. The results showed that the sirtuin family members in chicken share the same conserved functional SIR2 domains. All the sirtuin family members were expressed extensively in all tissues examined, and the expression levels of cSIRT1, cSIRT2, cSIRT4, cSIRT6, and cSIRT7 in the liver increased significantly with sexual maturity. However, all sirtuin family members were downregulated (P < 0.05) in chicken livers and cultured primary hepatocytes treated with 17β-estradiol. We concluded that the expression levels of some chicken sirtuin family members in the liver were upregulated with sexual maturation, but might not be regulated directly by estrogen. Whereas estrogen could be used as an inhibitor of all sirtuins, both in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiao Ren
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Naiyi Xu
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zheng Ma
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanmin Li
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Cuicui Li
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,b Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,c International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yanbin Wang
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,b Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,c International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,b Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,c International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,b Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,c International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- a College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,b Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou 450002, China.,c International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Henan, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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26
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Afifi NA, Ramadan A, Erian EY, Saleh DO, Sedik AA, Badawi M, El Hotaby W. Trigonelline attenuates hepatic complications and molecular alterations in high-fat high-fructose diet-induced insulin resistance in rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 95:427-436. [PMID: 28157387 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2016-0269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of trigonelline (TRG) on the hepatic complications associated with high-fat high-fructose (HFHF) diet-induced insulin resistance (IR) in rats. IR was induced by giving a saturated fat diet and 10% fructose in drinking water to rats for 8 weeks. Insulin-resistant rats were orally treated with TRG (50 and 100 mg/kg), sitagliptin (SIT; 5 mg/kg), or a combination of TRG (50 mg/kg) and SIT (5 mg/kg) for 14 days. Liver homogenates were used for assessment of hepatic lipids, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammatory cytokines. Histopathological and DNA cytometry examinations were carried out for hepatic and pancreatic tissues. Hepatic tissues were examined using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy for assessment of any molecular changes. Results of the present study revealed that oral treatment of insulin-resistant rats with TRG or TRG in combination with SIT significantly decreased homeostatic model assessment of IR, hepatic lipids, oxidative stress biomarkers, and the inflammatory cytokines. TRG or TRG in combination with SIT ameliorated the histopathological, DNA cytometry, and molecular alterations induced by a HFHF diet. Finally, it can be concluded that TRG has beneficial effects on the hepatic complications associated with IR due to its hypoglycemic effect and antioxidant potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nehal A Afifi
- a Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University
| | - Amer Ramadan
- a Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University
| | - Emad Y Erian
- b Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia O Saleh
- b Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Sedik
- b Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Manal Badawi
- c Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Walid El Hotaby
- d Biophysics Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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27
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Deminice R, Comparotto H, Jordao AA. Whey protein supplementation increases methionine intake but not homocysteine plasma concentration in rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 40:46-50. [PMID: 25485892 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of whey protein supplementation on homocysteine (Hcy) metabolism and liver oxidative stress in rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into 3 groups (n = 8) to receive one of the following diets for 4 weeks: control diet (C), whey protein-composed diet (WP), and whey protein-supplemented diet (WPS). The C and WP diets consisted of AIN-93 with 20% casein and 20% whey protein as protein source, respectively. WPS was AIN-93 (20% casein) supplemented by the addition of 20% (w/w) whey protein. Four weeks of ingesting a WPS diet resulted in a significantly higher (P < 0.05) total protein and methionine intakes. Although a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the hepatic S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine levels occurred in WPS group compared with C and WP, no significant change was observed in plasma Hcy concentration between groups. Furthermore, the levels of lipid hydroperoxides and advanced oxidation protein products, known liver oxidative stress markers, were increased in the WPS group compared with the C group. In addition, no change in glutathione liver concentration was observed in any of the groups studied. In conclusion, whey protein supplementation increases methionine intake substantially; however, it does not change plasma Hcy concentrations. On the other hand, increased hepatic oxidative stress markers were observed in whey protein supplemented rats were probably due to high protein intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Deminice
- a Laboratory of Nutrition and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirao Preto, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Thyfault JP, Wright DC. "Weighing" the effects of exercise and intrinsic aerobic capacity: are there beneficial effects independent of changes in weight? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:911-6. [PMID: 27512815 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been known for centuries that regularly performed exercise has beneficial effects on metabolic health. Owing to its central role in locomotion and the fact that it accounts for a large majority of whole-body glucose disposal and fatty acid oxidation, the effects of exercise on skeletal muscle has been a central focus in exercise physiology research. With this being said it is becoming increasingly well recognized that both adipose tissue and liver metabolism are robustly modified by exercise, especially in conditions of obesity and insulin resistance. One of the difficult questions to address is if the effects of exercise are direct or occur secondary to exercise-induced weight loss. The purpose of this review is to highlight recent work that has attempted to tease out the protective effects of exercise, or intrinsic aerobic capacity, against metabolic and inflammatory challenges as it relates to the treatment and prevention of obesity and insulin resistance. Recent studies reporting improvements in liver and adipose tissue insulin action following a single bout of exercise will also be discussed. The research highlighted in this review sheds new insight into protective, anti-inflammatory effects of exercise that occur largely independent of changes in adiposity and body weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Thyfault
- a Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 2067 Hemenway Life Sciences and Innovation Center, MS:3043, 3901 Rainbow Blvd., Kansas, KS 66160, USA.,b Research Service, Kansas City VA Medical Center, Kansas City, MO 64128, USA
| | - David C Wright
- c Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, Room 343 Animal Sciences Building, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
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29
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Bouasla A, Bouasla I, Boumendjel A, Abdennour C, El Feki A, Messarah M. Prophylactic effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice on sodium fluoride induced oxidative damage in liver and erythrocytes of rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2016; 94:709-18. [PMID: 27124270 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects of pomegranate (Punica granatum) juice (PGJ) on oxidative damages in liver tissue and erythrocytes of rats intoxicated by sodium fluoride (NaF). Rats were randomly divided into two groups: group I received standard diet and group II received orally 1 mL of PGJ. After 5 weeks of pretreatment, each group was divided again into two subgroups and treated for another 3 weeks as follows: group I was subdivided into a control group and a group that was treated with 100 ppm of NaF (in drinking water); group II was subdivided into one group that was treated daily with both 100 ppm NaF and PGJ (1 mL orally) and one that received daily 1 mL of pomegranate juice. Exposure to NaF decreased hematological parameters, changed the total protein, albumin, bilirubin levels, and increased the activities of hepatic marker enzymes. We also noted an increase in lipid peroxidation contents, accompanied by a decrease of reduced glutathione levels. Antioxidant enzyme activities in both tissues were modified in the NaF group compared with the control group. However, the administration of PGJ juice caused an amelioration of the previous parameters. Our results indicated the potential effects of NaF to induce oxidative damage in tissues and the ability of PGJ to attenuate NaF-induced oxidative injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Bouasla
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Ihcène Bouasla
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Amel Boumendjel
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Cherif Abdennour
- b Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
| | - Abdelfattah El Feki
- c Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences, Sfax, Soukra Road Km 3.5, BP 802, 3018 Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Mahfoud Messarah
- a Laboratory of Biochemistry and Environmental Toxicology, Faculty of Sciences, Badji Mokhtar University, Annaba, Algeria
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30
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Abu-Elsaad NM, Elkashef WF. Modified citrus pectin stops progression of liver fibrosis by inhibiting galectin-3 and inducing apoptosis of stellate cells. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 94:554-62. [PMID: 27010252 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Modified citrus pectin (MCP) is a pH modified form of the dietary soluble citrus peel fiber known as pectin. The current study aims at testing its effect on liver fibrosis progression. Rats were injected with CCl4 (1 mL/kg, 40% v/v, i.p., twice a week for 8 weeks). Concurrently, MCP (400 or 1200 mg/kg) was administered daily in drinking water from the first week in groups I and II (prophylactic model) and in the beginning of week 5 in groups III and IV (therapeutic model). Liver function biomarkers (ATL, AST, and ALP), fibrosis markers (laminin and hyaluronic acid), and antioxidant biomarkers (reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) were measured. Stained liver sections were scored for fibrosis and necroinflammation. Additionally, expression of galectin-3 (Gal-3), α-smooth muscle actin (SMA), tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, collagen (Col)1A1, caspase (Cas)-3, and apoptosis related factor (FAS) were assigned. Modified pectin late administration significantly (p < 0.05) decreased malondialdehyde (MDA), TIMP-1, Col1A1, α-SMA, and Gal-3 levels and increased levels of FAS, Cas-3, GSH, and SOD. It also decreased percentage of fibrosis and necroinflammation significantly (p < 0.05). It can be concluded that MCP can attenuate liver fibrosis through an antioxidant effect, inhibition of Gal-3 mediated hepatic stellate cells activation, and induction of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa M Abu-Elsaad
- a Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Adakahlia 35516, Egypt
| | - Wagdi Fawzi Elkashef
- b Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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31
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Dailleau É, Dos Santos S, Garçon A, Russeil C, Brajon S. [Management of patients with TIPS]. Rev Infirm 2015:25-6. [PMID: 26144511 DOI: 10.1016/j.revinf.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) procedure is now performed in almost twenty hospitals in France, including Tours university hospital. The aim is to reduce portal hypertension (PHT) by diverting the portal system to the caval system within the liver. The main cause of PHT is cirrhosis, which may be of alcoholic, viral, dysmetabolic or autoimmune origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Édith Dailleau
- Service d'hépatologie gastro-entérologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France
| | - Sophie Dos Santos
- Service d'hépatologie gastro-entérologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France
| | - Adrien Garçon
- Service d'hépatologie gastro-entérologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France
| | - Cécile Russeil
- Service d'hépatologie gastro-entérologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France
| | - Stéphanie Brajon
- Service d'hépatologie gastro-entérologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France.
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Samarghandian S, Azimi-Nezhad M, Samini F, Farkhondeh T. Chrysin treatment improves diabetes and its complications in liver, brain, and pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 94:388-93. [PMID: 26863330 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2014-0412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chrysin (CH) is a natural flavonoid with pharmacological influences. The purpose of the current study was the assessment of possible protective effects of CH against oxidative damage in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats. In the present study, the rats were divided into the following groups of 8 animals each: control, untreated diabetic, 3 CH (20, 40, 80 mg/kg/day)-treated diabetic groups. To find out the modulations of cellular antioxidant defense systems, malondialdehyde (MDA) level and antioxidant enzymes including glutathione-S-transferase (GST), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activities were determined in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas. STZ caused an elevation of glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and with reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST in the serum, liver, brain, and pancreas (p < 0.01). The findings showed that the significant elevation in the glucose, MDA, TG, TC, LDL-C and reduction of HDL-C, total protein, SOD, CAT, and GST were ameliorated in the CH-treated diabetic groups versus to the untreated groups, in a dose dependent manner (p < 0.05). The current study offers that CH may be recovered diabetes and its complications by modification of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Samarghandian
- a Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- b Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Fariborz Samini
- c Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- d Department of Immunogenetics, BuAli Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shao YY, Huang J, Ma YR, Han M, Ma K, Qin HY, Rao Z, Wu XA. Serum serotonin reduced the expression of hepatic transporter Mrp2 and P-gp via regulating nuclear receptor CAR in PI-IBS rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2015; 93:633-9. [PMID: 26053941 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2015-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic transporters and drug metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) play important roles in the pharmacological effects and (or) side-effects of many drugs, and are regulated by several mediators, including neurotransmitters. This work aimed to investigate whether serum levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) affected the expression of hepatic transporters or DMEs. The expression of hepatic transporters was assessed using the Western-blot technique in a 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic-acid-induced rat model of post-infectious irritable bowel syndrome (PI-IBS), in which serum levels of 5-HT were significantly elevated. To further clarify the underlying mechanism, the 5-HT precursor 5-hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) and the 5-HT depleting agent parachlorophenylalanine (pCPA) were applied to adjust serum levels of 5-HT. Serum levels of 5-HT were measured using LC-MS/MS; the expression of hepatic transporters, DMEs, and nuclear receptors were examined by Western-blot technique. Our results showed that in PI-IBS rats the expression of multidrug resistance protein 2 (Mrp2) was significantly decreased, while colonic enterochromaffin cell density and serum levels of 5-HT were all significantly increased. Moreover, 5-HTP treatment significantly increased serum levels of 5-HT and decreased the expression of Mrp2 and glycoprotein P (P-gp), whereas treatment with pCPA markedly decreased serum levels of 5-HT and increased the expression of Mrp2 and P-gp. Our results indicated that serum 5-HT regulates the expression of Mrp2 and P-gp, and the underlying mechanism may be related to the altered expression of the nuclear receptor constitutive androstane receptor (CAR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yun Shao
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,b School of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jing Huang
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,b School of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yan-Rong Ma
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,b School of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Miao Han
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,b School of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kang Ma
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,b School of Pharmaceutical, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hong-Yan Qin
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhi Rao
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xin-An Wu
- a Department of Pharmacy, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Aboelwafa HR, Yousef HN. The ameliorative effect of thymol against hydrocortisone-induced hepatic oxidative stress injury in adult male rats. Biochem Cell Biol 2015; 93:282-9. [PMID: 25821896 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2014-0154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether hydrocortisone induces oxidative stress in hepatocytes and to evaluate the possible ameliorative effect of thymol against such hepatic injury. Twenty-four adult male rats were divided into control, thymol, hydrocortisone, and hydrocortisone+thymol groups. The 4 groups were treated daily for 15 days. Hydrocortisone significantly induced oxidative stress in the liver tissues, marked by increased serum levels of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total oxidative capacity (TOC), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) accompanied by marked decline of serum levels of total protein, albumin, and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). Also, marked elevation in the levels of the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and TNF-α, beside significant decrease in the level of glutathione (GSH) in hepatic tissues were recorded. These biochemical alterations were accompanied by histopathological changes marked by destruction of the normal hepatic architecture, in addition to ultrastructural alterations represented by degenerative features covering almost all the cytoplasmic organelles of the hepatocytes. Supplementation of hydrocortisone-treated rats with thymol reversed most of the biochemical, histological, and ultrastructural alterations. The results of our study confirm that thymol has strong ameliorative effect against hydrocortisone-induced oxidative stress injury in hepatic tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanaa R Aboelwafa
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hany N Yousef
- Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt.,Department of Biological and Geological Sciences, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Roxy, Cairo, Egypt
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Devassy JG, Caligiuri SPB, Mayengbam S, Ibrahim NHM, Zahradka P, Taylor CG, House JD, Aukema HM. Dietary restriction in moderately obese rats improves body size and glucose handling without the renal and hepatic alterations observed with a high-protein diet. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 40:334-42. [PMID: 25781199 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is increasing worldwide, and high-protein (HP) diets are widely used for weight loss. However, the overall safety of HP diets is not well established in obese individuals, who make up a significant proportion of the population. To evaluate the health effects of an HP diet in obesity, obesity-prone (OP) Sprague-Dawley rats were given high-fat diets for 12 weeks to induce obesity. Following this, for 8 more weeks, these rats were given either a normal-protein (NP) (15% of energy) or an HP (35% of energy) diet ad libitum, or the NP diet at a restricted level to achieve body weights similar to those of the HP group (pair-weighted (PW) group). Obesity-resistant (OR) control rats were also given the NP diet throughout the feeding period. The HP-OP group had higher food intake but lower body weight, improved glucose handling, and lowered serum haptoglobin compared with the NP-OP group. These benefits were also observed in PW-OP rats. In addition, PW-OP rats had less fat accumulation when compared with NP-OP rats, and an improved Lee index, lower liver size, and lower serum alanine aminotransferase when compared with HP-OP rats. On the other hand, kidney size, proteinuria, and serum homocysteine were increased in HP-OP rats compared with NP-OP rats, whereas PW-OP rats did not experience these effects. These results indicate that in obese rats, more benefits are obtained via dietary restriction with an NP diet and without some of the potentially detrimental effects of an HP diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessay G Devassy
- Department of Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada., Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada
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Chan CB, Gupta J, Kozicky L, Hashemi Z, Yang K. Improved glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant rats after pea hull feeding is associated with changes in lipid metabolism-targeted transcriptome. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:1112-9. [PMID: 24930679 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Understanding of the mechanisms by which pulse grain fractions elicit beneficial effects on glucose tolerance is incomplete. An untargeted metabolomic analysis of serum from insulin-resistant rats was carried out to identify potential metabolic pathways affected by feeding rats the hull fraction of dried peas for 4 weeks. From this, we hypothesized that transcription of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism would be altered. cDNA was prepared from total RNA extracted from livers of rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD + pea hulls (PH) diet. The liver lipid transcriptome of each cDNA sample was characterized using a PCR-based array of 84 genes. The activity of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) was measured in hepatocyte nuclei. The predominant findings of the metabolomic analysis revealed a significant increase in the intermediaries of β-oxidation: C16-OH and C16:1 acylcarnitines (>50%, p < 0.05) and 3-hydroxybutyrate (100%, p < 0.05) in the PH group compared with the HFD group. mRNA of hadha, a gene involved in β-oxidation, was significantly reduced by 53% (p < 0.005) in the PH group compared with the HFD group, but no differences in PPAR-α activity were detected. 3-Hydroxybutyrate concentrations were associated with insulin sensitivity and reduced demand for insulin. The results indicate that feeding PH alters lipid metabolism in liver, which may contribute to improved glucose tolerance in insulin-resistant rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine B Chan
- a Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alta., Canada
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Pires RC, Souza EE, Vanzela EC, Ribeiro RA, Silva-Santos JC, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Amaral MEC. Short-term calorie restriction improves glucose homeostasis in old rats: involvement of AMPK. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 39:895-901. [PMID: 24844367 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2013-0520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The occurrence of metabolic disorders, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and hypertension, increases with age. Inappropriate food intake, when combined with genetic and hormonal factors, can trigger the occurrence of these diseases in aged organisms. This study investigated whether short-term calorie restriction (CR; 40% of the intake of control animals (CTL) for 21 days) benefits 1-year-old (CR1yr) and 2-year-old (CR2yr) Wistar rats, with regard to insulin secretion and action. Plasma insulin and the insulin secreted by isolated islets were measured with radioimmunoassay, and the insulin sensitivity of peripheral tissues was assessed with the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT), intraperitoneal insulin tolerance test, and hepatic and muscle adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) phosphorylation measurements. Body weight, epididymal fat pad, epididymal fat pad/body weight index, plasma glucose, and insulin were lower in the CR1yr than in the control (CTL1yr) rats. Serum cholesterol, triglycerides, and protein, as well as hepatic and muscle glycogen content, were similar between the CR and CTL groups. The IPGTT was higher in CR2yr and CTL2yr rats than in CR1yr and CTL1yr rats, and insulin sensitivity was higher in CR1yr and CR2yr rats than in their respective CTLs. This was associated with an increase in hepatic and muscle AMPK phosphorylation. No differences in glucose-induced insulin secretion in the isolated islets were observed between CRs and their respective CTL rats. In conclusion, short-term calorie restriction provoked more severe alterations in CR1yr than CR2yr rats. The normoglycemia observed in both CR groups seems to be due to an increase in insulin sensitivity, with the involvement of liver and muscle AMPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério C Pires
- a Centro Universitário Hermínio Ometto, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biomédicas, FHO/UNIARARAS, Araras/SP
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Bouassida M, Mongi Mighri M, Benali M, Chebbi F, Touinsi H, Sassi S. [Reaction to Mujahid et al: Hydatid cysts of the liver ruptured into the biliary tracts: report of 120 cases]. Pan Afr Med J 2012; 11:35. [PMID: 22514769 PMCID: PMC3325073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/15/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Bouassida
- Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Nabeul, Tunisia,Corresponding author: Mahdi Bouassida, Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri, 8000 Mrazga, Nabeul, Tunisia
| | | | - Mechaal Benali
- Service d’anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Fathi Chebbi
- Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Touinsi
- Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Nabeul, Tunisia
| | - Sadok Sassi
- Service de chirurgie générale, Hôpital Mohamed Tahar Maamouri Nabeul, Tunisia
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Rachad M, Fdili FZ, Slimani O, Chaara H, Bouguern H, Melhouf MA. [Intraperitoneal rupture of a hydatid cyst during pregnancy: report of a rare case]. Pan Afr Med J 2012; 11:1. [PMID: 22368744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Le kyste hydatique est une parasitose qui sévit à l’état endémique au Maroc. Cependant sa rupture au cours de la grossesse reste rare. Nous rapportons le cas d’une patiente de 23 ans, admise aux urgences en état de choc avec bouffissure du visage sur aménorrhée de 8 semaines, chez laquelle le diagnostic d’hydatidose à la fois hépatique et pelvienne, avec éventuelle rupture de l’un des kystes hépatiques a été posé par la radiologie. Après mesures de réanimation, le traitement chirurgical a été instauré, avec bonne évolution. Nous essayons à partir de ce cas et à travers une revue de littérature, de préciser les difficultés diagnostiques et thérapeutiques rencontrées dans la prise en charge des kystes hydatiques, surtout compliquées, au cours de la grossesse.
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Moujahid M, Tajdine MT. [Hydatid cysts of the liver ruptured into the biliary tracts: report of 120 cases]. Pan Afr Med J 2011; 10:43. [PMID: 22384289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Etude rétrospective rapportant une série de kystes hydatiques rompus dans les voies biliaires colligés dans le service de chirurgie de l'hôpital militaire Avicenne à Marrakech. Entre 1990 à 2008, sur 536 kystes hydatiques du foie opérés dans le service, 120 étaient compliqués de rupture dans les voies biliaires soit 22,38%. Il y avait 82hommes et 38 femmes. L’âge moyen était de 35 ans avec des extrêmes allant de 10 à 60 ans. La clinique était dominée par la crise d'angiocholite ou une douleur du flanc droit. L'ictère était isolé dans huit cas. La fistule biliokystique était latente dans plus de 50% des cas. Le traitement a consisté en une résection du dôme saillant dans103cas (85,84%), une périkystectomie chez 11 malades (9,16%) et une lobectomie gauche dans six cas (5%). Le traitement de la fistule bilio kystique a consisté en une suture chez 36malades et un drainage bipolaire dans 25 cas, La déconnexion kysto-biliaire ou cholédocotomie trans hépatico kystique selon Perdomo était pratiquée dans 49cas et une anastomose bilio-digestive cholédoco-duodénale dans 10 cas. La durée moyenne d'hospitalisation était de 20jours. Nous déplorons deux décès par choc septique et un troisième par encéphalopathie secondaire à une cirrhose biliaire. La morbidité était représentée par huit abcès sous phrénique, douze fistules biliaires prolongées et deux occlusions intestinales. Les kystes hydatiques rompus dans les voies biliaires représentent la complication la plus grave de cette pathologie bénigne. Le traitement repose sur des méthodes radicales qui sont d'une efficacité reconnue, mais de réalisation dangereuse et les méthodes conservatrices, en particulier la déconnexion kysto-biliaire qui est une méthode simple et qui donne de bons résultats à court et à long terme.
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Turki M, Barhoumi MH, Hajji H, Chemchik H, M'barek B. [Right diaphragmatic rupture with total and isolated passage of the liver into the thorax]. Pan Afr Med J 2011; 10:28. [PMID: 22187610 PMCID: PMC3240932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2011] [Accepted: 09/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
La rupture traumatique de la coupole diaphragmatique droite avec hernie du foie dans le thorax est une lésion rare. Elle est souvent intégrée dans le cadre d'un poly-traumatisme, dont elle est un critère de gravité. Elle expose, précocement ou tardivement, à des complications cardio-pulmonaires par compression. Le diagnostic d'une rupture diaphragmatique droite est difficile à établir. En effet, ses signes cliniques sont peu spécifiques et l'imagerie peut être prise en défaut du faite qu'elle visualise les organes ascensionnés mais plus difficilement la rupture elle-même. La voie d'abord thoracique est souvent préférée du fait des difficultés de l'exposition du diaphragme en présence du foie. Nous rapportons un cas d'une rupture diaphragmatique droite avec passage isolé et total du foie en intra-thoracique diagnostiquée au cinquième jour d'hospitalisation chez un polytraumatisé.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Turki
- Service de réanimation et soins intensifs, hôpital Ibn Eljazzar, Kairouan, Tunisie,Corresponding author: Mohamed Turki, Service de réanimation et soins intensifs, hôpital Ibn Eljazzar, Kairouan, Avenue de la République 4070 M'Saken, Sousse, Tunisie
| | | | - Hassen Hajji
- Service de chirurgie générale, hôpital Ibn Eljazzar, Kairouan, Tunisie
| | | | - Bechir M'barek
- Service de réanimation et soins intensifs, hôpital Ibn Eljazzar, Kairouan, Tunisie
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