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Dutta J, Lahon D, Bora PK, Bhuyan M, Haldar S. A high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) method for the quality assessment of agarwood ( Aquilaria malaccensis) oil from Northeast India. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:1634-1638. [PMID: 36580576 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2022.2162516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The high-value agarwood oil, largely used in perfumery is generally graded by the traditional method of sensorial assessment. The compositional complexity and variation made its quality control challenging. Besides, non-volatile contaminants and adulterants are the bottlenecks in gas-chromatographic detection. Herein, a HPTLC based technique was developed for the quality assessment of agarwood oil from Northeast India. A 'marker band' (anisylacetone and oxygenated sesquiterpene rich) on HPTLC profile, containing major peaks of the oil and characteristic agarwood aroma was quantified to assess the quality. The developed method was validated in terms of specificity, linearity, sensitivity, recovery and precision. The application of the method in test samples of three different grades indicated a positive correlation between 'marker band' quantity and oil quality. Its abundance in the superior grade oil was >50% and <20% in poor grade. It can be an efficient analytical tool for the quality assessment and grading of agarwood oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyashree Dutta
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Doulat Lahon
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
| | - Pranjit Kumar Bora
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Mantu Bhuyan
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
| | - Saikat Haldar
- Agrotechnology and Rural Development Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science and Technology (NEIST), Jorhat, Assam 785006, India
- AcSIR-Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh 201002, India
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Charansol A, Pelletier F, Aubin F, Castelain F. Airborne allergic contact dermatitis from beeswax and propolis in a beekeeper: A story from long ago. Contact Dermatitis 2024; 90:536-538. [PMID: 38332394 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabien Pelletier
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
- University of Franche-Comté, Inserm RIGHT U1098, Besançon, France
| | - François Aubin
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Besançon, France
- University of Franche-Comté, Inserm RIGHT U1098, Besançon, France
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Brumley C, Banks T, Arora P, Ophaug S. Are "clean" products safe for children? An analysis of contact allergens in "clean" children's products from a popular retailer. Pediatr Dermatol 2024. [PMID: 38676435 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering consumer trends toward the use of "clean" personal care products and increasing recognition of childhood allergic contact dermatitis, we sought to characterize the allergen profile of such children's products. METHODS Ingredients of baby washes/shampoos, bubble baths, and moisturizers identified using the "Clean Baby" filter on Target®'s online marketplace were analyzed for relevant pediatric contact allergens. RESULTS Product compositions declared fragrance in 82% of products, Compositae in 46%, cocamidopropyl betaine in 45%, glucosides in 37%, propylene glycol in 12%, lanolin in 1%, and no allergens in 9%-methylisothiazolinone and formaldehyde were not found. CONCLUSION Children are greatly impacted by atopic dermatitis and skin barrier dysfunction, which underscores a need for greater public awareness of sensitizing and irritating ingredients, particularly regarding pediatric personal care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Brumley
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Tyra Banks
- Burnett School of Medicine at Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA
| | - Puneet Arora
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
- University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Solveig Ophaug
- Department of Dermatology, Park Nicollet Health Services, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
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Yang C, Lin Y, Xiang X, Shao D, Qiu Z, Li Y, Wu S. MbEOMT1 regulates methyleugenol biosynthesis in Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell. Tree Physiol 2024; 44:tpae034. [PMID: 38498320 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpae034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Methyleugenol, a bioactive compound in the phenylpropene family, undergoes its final and crucial biosynthetic transformation when eugenol O-methyltransferase (EOMT) converts eugenol into methyleugenol. While Melaleuca bracteata F. Muell essential oil is particularly rich in methyleugenol, it contains only trace amounts of its precursor, eugenol. This suggests that the EOMT enzyme in M. bracteata is highly efficient, although it has not yet been characterized. In this study, we isolated and identified an EOMT gene from M. bracteata, termed MbEOMT1, which is primarily expressed in the flowers and leaves and is inducible by methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Subcellular localization of MbEOMT1 in the cytoplasm was detected. Through transient overexpression experiments, we found that MbEOMT1 significantly elevates the concentration of methyleugenol in M. bracteata leaves. Conversely, silencing of MbEOMT1 via virus-induced gene silencing led to a marked reduction in methyleugenol levels. Our in vitro enzymatic assays further confirmed that MbEOMT1 specifically catalyzes the methylation of eugenol. Collectively, these findings establish that the MbEOMT1 gene is critical for methyleugenol biosynthesis in M. bracteata. This study enriches the understanding of phenylpropene biosynthesis and suggests that MbEOMT1 could serve as a valuable catalyst for generating bioactive compounds in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yongsheng Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xuwen Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dandan Shao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Ziwen Qiu
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Center of Chaozhou in Guangdong Province, Qiandong Town, Raoping County, Chaozhou 315600, China
| | - Yongyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shaohua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Genetics, Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Institute of Natural Products of Horticultural Plants, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, 15 Shangxiadian Road, Cangshan District, Fuzhou 350002, China
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Yamaguchi T, Asano Y. Nitrile-synthesizing enzymes and biocatalytic synthesis of volatile nitrile compounds: A review. J Biotechnol 2024; 384:20-28. [PMID: 38395363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Nitriles (R-CN) comprise a broad group of chemicals industrially produced and used in fine chemicals, pharmaceuticals, and bulk applications, polymer chemistry, solvents, etc. Nitriles are important starting materials for producing carboxylic acids, amides, amines, and several other compounds. In addition, some volatile nitriles have been evaluated for their potential as ingredients in fragrance and flavor formulations. However, many nitrile synthesis methods have drawbacks, such as drastic reaction conditions, limited substrate scope, lack of readily available reagents, poor yields, and long reaction times. In contrast to chemical synthesis, biocatalytic approaches using enzymes can produce nitriles without harsh conditions, such as high temperatures and pressures, or toxic compounds. In this review, we summarize the nitrile-synthesizing enzymes from microorganisms, plants, and animals. Furthermore, we introduce several examples of biocatalytic synthesis of volatile nitrile compounds, particularly those using aldoxime dehydratase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Yamaguchi
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan.
| | - Yasuhisa Asano
- Biotechnology Research Center and Department of Biotechnology, 5180 Kurokawa, Imizu, Toyama 939-0398, Japan
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Dallay C, Malhiac C, Picard C, Savary G. Fragrance in dermocosmetic emulsions: From microstructure to skin application. Int J Cosmet Sci 2024; 46:1-23. [PMID: 37622240 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Fragrance is added to almost all dermocosmetic emulsions, as it has been found to be a key driver in consumer choice and contributes to the perception of product performance. Fragrance is a complex mixture of odorant chemicals at different concentrations. When incorporated into a formulation, the individual fragrance chemicals partition between the emulsion phases depending on their physicochemical properties, which can impact the structure, stability, texture and odour of the final product. On the other hand, it is well known in the food industry how the composition and structure of food emulsion matrices influence the release of aroma chemicals. Fragranced dermocosmetic emulsions have been studied to a lesser extent but it is interesting to apply findings from the food domain since emulsion structure, composition and aroma compounds share common features. This review aims to give an overview of the literature dealing with the interactions between fragrance and dermocosmetic emulsions. The effects of fragrance on emulsion microstructure, stability and texture are highlighted and discussed. The effects of composition and structure of emulsion on the release of fragrance molecules are also presented. Finally, the interactions between skin and fragranced emulsions are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dallay
- UNILEHAVRE, FR 3038 CNRS, URCOM, Normandie Univ., Le Havre cedex, France
| | - Catherine Malhiac
- UNILEHAVRE, FR 3038 CNRS, URCOM, Normandie Univ., Le Havre cedex, France
| | - Céline Picard
- UNILEHAVRE, FR 3038 CNRS, URCOM, Normandie Univ., Le Havre cedex, France
| | - Géraldine Savary
- UNILEHAVRE, FR 3038 CNRS, URCOM, Normandie Univ., Le Havre cedex, France
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Zota AR, Franklin ET, Weaver EB, Shamasunder B, Williams A, Siegel EL, Dodson RE. Examining differences in menstrual and intimate care product use by race/ethnicity and education among menstruating individuals. Front Reprod Health 2023; 5:1286920. [PMID: 38126001 PMCID: PMC10731462 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2023.1286920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction United States consumers spend over two billion dollars a year on intimate care products. These products, along with scented menstrual products, are marketed for odor control, perceived "freshness," and vaginal/vulvar cleanliness. However, these scent-altering products may increase exposure to carcinogenic and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Prior research has not adequately characterized demographic differences in product use. The objective of our study is to examine racial/ethnic and educational differences in menstrual and intimate care product use among people who menstruate. Methods We pooled data from two US-based cross sectional studies to examine demographic characteristics and product use in 661 participants aged 18-54 years. Participants reported use of scented and unscented menstrual products (tampons, sanitary pads, and menstrual cups) and intimate care products (vaginal douches, sprays, wipes, and powders). We examined differences by race/ethnicity and education using log-binomial regression and latent class analysis (LCA), which can identify groups based on product use patterns. Results Our sample was 33.4% Black, 30.9% Latina, 18.2% White, and 16.2% another identity. Approximately half the population had a bachelor's degree or more; 1.4% identified as transgender and 1.8% as non-binary. In adjusted models, scent-altering products (i.e., scented menstrual and intimate care products) were more likely to be used by those with less formal education (p < 0.05). Unscented menstrual products were more likely to be used by those with more formal education. Compared to Black participants, White participants were more likely to use unscented tampons and menstrual cups and less likely to use douches and wipes (p < 0.05). Using LCA we identified two groups: one more likely to use scent-altering products, and a second more likely to use unscented menstrual products. Less education and older age, but not race/ethnicity, was significantly associated with membership in the group more likely to use scent-altering products. While sex/gender composition did not statistically vary across groups, all non-binary participants fell in the unscented menstrual product group. Discussion Lower educational attainment was consistently associated with greater use of scent-altering menstrual and intimate care products. Future research should examine associations between body odor stigma, product use, and health risks at intersections of race, class, and gender.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ami R. Zota
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Emily B. Weaver
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Bhavna Shamasunder
- Departments of Urban and Environmental Policy and Public Health, Occidental College, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Eva L. Siegel
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
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Zemlok SK, Bentivegna K, Torre K, Rothe M, Chang MW. Perceptions of skincare ingredients and product labels in pediatric eczema care. Pediatr Dermatol 2023; 40:1068-1070. [PMID: 37667986 DOI: 10.1111/pde.15426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Educating pediatric eczema patients and caregivers on appropriate product selection and avoidance of common irritants or allergens is a crucial aspect of eczema management. This study surveyed 80 pediatric caregivers in an academic pediatric dermatology clinic to assess influential factors in caregivers' selection of pediatric eczema-care products and identify ways to improve patient counseling on appropriate product selection and avoidance of common irritants or allergens. Caregivers frequently reported positive perceptions of commonly recommended ingredients for eczema but had inconsistent perceptions of fragrant plant oils and extracts, regardless of previous counseling on fragrance avoidance. These findings demonstrate uncertainty and misperceptions perpetuated by product labeling and a need for improved counseling strategies for avoiding fragrance and excessive product costs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kathryn Bentivegna
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kristin Torre
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Marti Rothe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Mary Wu Chang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Yang H, Wang F, An W, Gu Y, Jiang Y, Guo H, Liu M, Peng J, Jiang B, Wan X, Chen L, Huang X, He F, Zhu P. Comparative Metabolomics and Transcriptome Analysis Reveal the Fragrance-Related Metabolite Formation in Phoebe zhennan Wood. Molecules 2023; 28:7047. [PMID: 37894523 PMCID: PMC10608883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanmu (Phoebe zhennan) has a unique fragrance and is a high-quality tree species for forest conservation. The types and contents of volatile compounds in different tissues of nanmu wood are different, and the study of its volatile metabolites can help us to understand the source of its fragrance and functions. In order to explore the metabolites related to the wood fragrance of nanmu and to find out the unique volatile substances in the heartwood, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was performed to analyze the non-targeted metabolomics in five radial tissues from the sapwood to the heartwood of nanmu. A total of 53 volatile metabolites belonging to 11 classes were detected in all tissues, including terpenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, organoheterocyclics, phenols, esters, organic acids, alcohols, alkaloids, alkane, indoles derivatives, and others. And most of the volatile metabolites were identified for the first time in nanmu wood. Among them, terpenes and aromatic hydrocarbons were the main volatile components. In addition, 22 differential metabolites were screened from HW and SW, HW, and TZ via metabolomic analysis. Among these DAMs, three volatile metabolites (cadinene, a sesquiterpenoid; p-cymene, a monoterpenoid; 1,3,5-triisopropylbenzene, an aromatic hydrocarbon) contributed heavily to the characteristic fragrance of the heartwood. Additionally, the expression of transcripts showed that the unigenes in the terpenoid biosynthesis pathway were especially up-regulated in the SW. Therefore, we speculated that fragrance-related metabolites were synthesized in SW and then deposited in heartwood during sapwood transformed to heartwood. The expression levels of transcription factors (e.g., WRKY, C2H2, NAC) acted as the major regulatory factors in the synthesis of terpenoid. The results lay the foundations for further studies on the formation mechanism of fragrance components in nanmu wood and also provide a reference for the further development and utilization of nanmu wood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Yang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Fang Wang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Wenna An
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Yunjie Gu
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland, Chengdu 610081, China; (M.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Yongze Jiang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Hongying Guo
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (H.G.); (B.J.)
| | - Minhao Liu
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland, Chengdu 610081, China; (M.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Jian Peng
- Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland, Chengdu 610081, China; (M.L.); (J.P.)
| | - Bo Jiang
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China; (H.G.); (B.J.)
- Du Fu Thatched Cottage Museum, Chengdu 610001, China
| | - Xueqin Wan
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Xiong Huang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Fang He
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
| | - Peng Zhu
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; (H.Y.); (F.W.); (W.A.); (Y.J.); (X.W.); (L.C.); (X.H.); (F.H.)
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10
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Michailidou F. The Scent of Change: Sustainable Fragrances Through Industrial Biotechnology. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300309. [PMID: 37668275 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Current environmental and safety considerations urge innovation to address the need for sustainable high-value chemicals that are embraced by consumers. This review discusses the concept of sustainable fragrances, as high-value, everyday and everywhere chemicals. Current and emerging technologies represent an opportunity to produce fragrances in an environmentally and socially responsible way. Biotechnology, including fermentation, biocatalysis, and genetic engineering, has the potential to reduce the environmental footprint of fragrance production while maintaining quality and consistency. Computational and in silico methods, including machine learning (ML), are also likely to augment the capabilities of sustainable fragrance production. Continued innovation and collaboration will be crucial to the future of sustainable fragrances, with a focus on developing novel sustainable ingredients, as well as ethical sourcing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freideriki Michailidou
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
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Barbaud A, Kurihara F, Raison-Peyron N, Milpied B, Valois A, Assier H, Morice C, Manciet JR, Gener G, Giordano-Labadie F, Marcant P, Bernier C, Amsler E, Crepy MN, Tetart F, Soria A, le Bouëdec MCF. Allergic contact dermatitis from essential oil in consumer products: Mode of uses and value of patch-tests with an essential oil series. Results of a French study of the DAG (dermato-allergy group of the French Society of Dermatology). Contact Dermatitis 2023. [PMID: 37403438 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the clinical characteristics and sensitivity of an essential oil patch-test series (EOS) in patients sensitized to their own essential oils (EOs). METHOD We analysed the clinical data and patch-test results obtained with the European baseline series (BSE) and an EOS, as well as the mode of use of EOs, through a questionnaire included in the patient file. RESULTS The study included 42 patients (79% women, average age 50 years) with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), 8 patients required hospitalization. All patients were sensitized to the EO they used, primarily lavender (Lavandula augustifolia, 8000-28-0), tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia leaf oil, 68647-73-4), ravintsara (Cinnamomum camphora oil, 92201-50-8), and 2 cases were attributed to helichrysum (helichrysum italicum flower absolute, 90045-56-0). 71% had positive patch tests to fragrance mix I or II, 9 only to the EOS and 4 only with their personal EO. Interestingly, 40% of patients did not spontaneously mention the use of EOs, and only 33% received advice on their use at the time of purchase. CONCLUSION Patch-tests with the BSE, limonene and linalool HP, and oxidized tea tree oil is sufficient to detect most EO-sensitized patients. The most important is to test the patient's own used EOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annick Barbaud
- Dermatology and Allergy Department, Médecine Sorbonne Université, Service de dermatologie et d'allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidemiologie et de Sante Publique, AP-HP Sorbonne Universite, Tenon Hopital, Paris, France
| | - Flore Kurihara
- Dermatology and Allergy Department, Médecine Sorbonne Université, Service de dermatologie et d'allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | | | | | - Aude Valois
- Department of Dermatology, HIA, Toulon, France
| | - Haudrey Assier
- Department of Dermatology, CHU Henri-Mondor, Créteil, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Claire Bernier
- Department of Dermatology, Nantes University Hospital, Nantes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Amsler
- Dermatology and Allergy Department, Médecine Sorbonne Université, Service de dermatologie et d'allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Marie Noelle Crepy
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Diseases, Hotel-Dieu Hospital, Paris, France
| | | | - Angèle Soria
- Dermatology and Allergy Department, Médecine Sorbonne Université, Service de dermatologie et d'allergologie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Tenon Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
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12
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Schubert S, Geier J, Brans R, Heratizadeh A, Kränke B, Schnuch A, Bauer A, Dickel H, Buhl T, Vieluf D, Wagner N, Worm M. Patch testing hydroperoxides of limonene and linalool in consecutive patients-Results of the IVDK 2018-2020. Contact Dermatitis 2023. [PMID: 37177844 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hydroperoxides of limonene (Lim-OOHs) and linalool (Lin-OOHs) are potent contact sensitizers. OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of positive patch test (PT) reactions to Lim-OOHs and Lin-OOHs in consecutive patients, their demographic factors and concomitant reactions. METHODS Between 7/2018 and 12/2020, Lim-OOHs 0.3% pet. and Lin-OOHs 1% pet. were patch tested in 5511 consecutive patients. We assessed PT reactivity and analysed data from patients with either positive or negative PTs to Lim-OOHs and Lin-OOHs. RESULTS Positive PT results to Lim-OOHs (n = 170, 3.1%) and Lin-OOHs (n = 483, 8.8%) were frequent. Most of the positive reactions were weak (LimOOHs n = 134/LinOOHs n = 429), and even more frequently, doubtful (n = 252/n = 578) or irritant reactions (n = 81/n = 178) were documented. PT reactivity to Lim-OOHs and Lin-OOHs was increased in patients with irritant reactions to sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). The proportion of leg dermatitis and concomitant positive reactions to fragrances and essential oils was increased in patients with reactivity to these hydroperoxides. CONCLUSION The observed reaction pattern suggests that both test preparations display an irritant potential with an increased risk of false positive reactions. Preparations should be chemically monitored in order to reduce irritancy. Mindful interpretation of PT results and aimed patch testing of lower concentrations is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Schubert
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Johannes Geier
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Richard Brans
- Institute for Interdisciplinary Dermatologic Prevention and Rehabilitation (iDerm) at the University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, Environmental Medicine, and Health Theory, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Annice Heratizadeh
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Division of Immunodermatology and Allergy Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Birger Kränke
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Axel Schnuch
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Centre Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Department of Dermatology, University Allergy Center, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technical University Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, St. Josef Hospital, University Medical Center, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Timo Buhl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dieter Vieluf
- Department of Allergology, Photodermatology and Occupational Dermatology, Dermatologikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nicola Wagner
- Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital, Friedrich-Alexander-University of Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Margitta Worm
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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13
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Wu J, Guo W, Wang Y, Liu J, Wang H, Zheng Z, Wang X, Kaplan DL. Stabilization and Sustained Release of Fragrances Using Silk-PEG Microspheres. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37144723 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Fragrances, which are commonly used in food, textiles, consumer products, and medical supplies, are volatile compounds that require stabilization and controlled release due to their sensitivity to environmental conditions such as light, oxygen, temperature, and humidity. Encapsulation in various material matrices is a desired technique for these purposes, and there is a growing interest in using sustainable natural materials to reduce environmental impact. In this study, fragrance encapsulation in microspheres made from silk fibroin (SF) was investigated. Fragrance-loaded silk fibroin microspheres (Fr-SFMSs) were prepared by adding fragrance/surfactant emulsions to silk solutions, followed by mixing them with polyethylene glycol under ambient conditions. The study investigated eight different fragrances, where citral, beta-ionone, and eugenol showed higher binding affinities to silk than the other five fragrances, resulting in better microsphere formation with uniform sizes and higher fragrance loading (10-30%). Citral-SFMSs showed characteristic crystalline β-sheet structures of SF, high thermal stability (initial weight loss at 255 °C), long shelf life at 37 °C (>60 days), and sustained release (∼30% of citral remained after incubation at 60 °C for 24 h). When citral-SFMSs with different sizes were used to treat cotton fabrics, about 80% of the fragrance remained on the fabrics after one wash, and the duration of release from the treated fabrics was significantly longer than that of control samples treated with citral alone (no microspheres). This method of preparing Fr-SFMSs has potential applications in textile finishing, cosmetics, and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbing Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
- College of Textile, Garment and Design, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215500, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjun Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongfeng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Heng Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaozhu Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Modern Silk, College of Textile and Clothing Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby Street, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, United States
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Balcerzak L, Surowiak AK, Groborz K, Stróżak S, Piekarska K, Strub DJ. Comparative Evaluation of Mutagenic, Genotoxic, Cytotoxic, and Antimicrobial Effects of Flavour and Fragrance Aldehydes, Ketones, Oximes, and Oxime Ethers. Toxicology 2023; 490:153510. [PMID: 37059348 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the large number of odoriferous compounds available, new ones with interesting olfactory characteristics are desired due to their potentially high commercial value. Here, we report for the first time mutagenic, genotoxic, and cytotoxic effects, and antimicrobial properties of low-molecular fragrant oxime ethers, and we compare their properties with corresponding oximes and carbonyl compounds. 24 aldehydes, ketones, oximes, and oxime ethers were evaluated for mutagenic and cytotoxic effects in Ames (using Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 98 with genotype hisD3052, rfa, uvrB, pKM101, and TA100 with genotype hisG46, rfa, uvrB, pKM101, concentration range: 0.0781-40mg/mL) and MTS (using HEK293T cell line concentration of tested substances: 0.025mM) assays. Antimicrobial evaluation was carried out against Bacillus cereus (ATCC 10876), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538), Enterococcus hirae (ATCC 10541), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 15442), Escherichia coli (ATCC 10536), Legionella pneumophila (ATCC 33152); Candida albicans (ATCC 10231) and Aspergillus brasiliensis (ATCC 16404) with concentration range of tested substances 9.375 - 2.400mg/mL. Furthermore, 5 representatives of carbonyl compounds, oximes, and an oxime ether (stemone, buccoxime, citral, citral oxime, and propiophenone oxime O-ethyl ether) were evaluated for genotoxic properties in SOS-Chromotest (concentration range: 7.8·10-5 - 5·10-3mg/mL). All of the tested compounds did not exhibit mutagenic, genotoxic, or cytotoxic effects. Oximes and oxime ethers showed relevant antimicrobial activity against pathogenic species (P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, E.coli, L. pneumophila, A. brasiliensis, C. albicans) in the MIC range 0.075 - 2.400mg/mL compared to the common preservative methylparaben with the MIC range 0.400-3.600mg/mL. Our study shows that oxime ethers have the potential to be used as fragrant agents in functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucyna Balcerzak
- Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Alicja K Surowiak
- Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Groborz
- Department of Physiological Chemistry, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sylwia Stróżak
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, 50-370, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Piekarska
- Department of Environmental Protection Engineering, Faculty of Environmental Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, Wrocław, 50-370, Poland
| | - Daniel J Strub
- Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland.
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Wiśniewska N, Gołębiowski M, Kowalkowska AK. Labellum Features and Chemical Composition of Floral Scent in Bulbophyllum carunculatum Garay, Hamer & Siegrist (Section Lepidorhiza Schltr., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae Juss.). Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1568. [PMID: 37050195 PMCID: PMC10097095 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The vast majority of fly-pollinated Bulbophyllum species use a combination of visual and olfactory clues to mimic food sources and brood/oviposition sites of pollinators. The aims of the present work were to characterize the floral secretory tissue and the floral scent and compare them with those previously described in B. echinolabium. Based on the histochemical results, the labellar secretion in B. carunculatum is the protein-rich mucilage. The adaxial epidermal cells of the labellum showed typical features of secretory activity. Plastids contained plastoglobuli, which are thought to be the places for scent production in osmophores. Juxtaposed with FeCl3 staining, the presence of dihydroxyphenolic globules in the cytoplasm of the epidermis and sub-epidermis was confirmed. Phenolic derivatives were also described with GC/MS analysis of the floral scent. The number of aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons was indicated in the floral scent of B. carunculatum. Moreover, pregnane-3,20-dione, occurring in the highest percentage in the floral fragrance of B. carunculatum, is a biologically active, 5-alpha-reduced metabolite of plasma progesterone. Progesterone is a mammalian gonadal hormone, but, like other steroid hormones, has been found in plants as intermediates in different biosynthetic pathways. The research on biosynthesis and functions of progesterone and its derivatives in flowers is still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Wiśniewska
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Marek Gołębiowski
- Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka K. Kowalkowska
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;
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16
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Soriano LF, Soriano SK, Buckley DA. Dog cosmetics: Another unexpected source of allergen exposure. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:496-499. [PMID: 37015256 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Livia Francine Soriano
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
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17
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Xu M, Gao Q, Jiang M, Wang W, Hu J, Chang X, Liu D, Liang Y, Jiang Y, Chen F, Li C, Huang H, Chen F, Li F, Trigiano RN, Wang J, Jiao C, Zhou X, Zhang L. A novel genome sequence of Jasminum sambac helps uncover the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of jasmonates. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:1275-1290. [PMID: 36433929 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Jasminum sambac is a well-known plant for its attractive and exceptional fragrance, the flowers of which are used to produce scented tea. Jasmonate (JA), an important plant hormone was first identified in Jasminum species. Jasmine plants contain abundant JA naturally, of which the molecular mechanisms of synthesis and accumulation are not clearly understood. Here, we report a telomere-to-telomere consensus assembly of a double-petal J. sambac genome along with two haplotype-resolved genomes. We found that gain-and-loss, positive selection, and allelic specific expression of aromatic volatile-related genes contributed to the stronger flower fragrance in double-petal J. sambac compared with single- and multi-petal jasmines. Through comprehensive comparative genomic, transcriptomic, and metabolomic analyses of double-petal J. sambac, we revealed the genetic basis of the production of aromatic volatiles and salicylic acid (SA), and the accumulation of JA under non-stress conditions. We identified several key genes associated with JA biosynthesis, and their non-stress related activities lead to extraordinarily high concentrations of JA in tissues. High JA synthesis coupled with low degradation in J. sambac results in accumulation of high JA under typical environmental conditions, similar to the accumulation mechanism of SA. This study offers important insights into the biology of J. sambac, and provides valuable genomic resources for further utilization of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xu
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Mengwei Jiang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenling Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Juan Hu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaojun Chang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dinggao Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Haixia Applied Plant Systems Biology, College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Yuwei Liang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Fei Chen
- College of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chuhao Li
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Haoran Huang
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Feng Chen
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Fan Li
- Key Laboratory for Flower Breeding of Yunnan Province, National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, Floriculture Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Robert N Trigiano
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA
| | - Jihua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Flower Breeding of Yunnan Province, National Engineering Research Center for Ornamental Horticulture, Floriculture Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650205, China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaofan Zhou
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Integrative Microbiology Research Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
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18
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Raison-Peyron N, Litovsky J, Samaran Q, Dereure O. Severe allergic contact dermatitis to coumarin contained in a perfume mimicking skin drug reaction. Contact Dermatitis 2023; 88:416-417. [PMID: 36740905 DOI: 10.1111/cod.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Raison-Peyron
- Department of Dermatology, Montpellier University Hospital and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Litovsky
- Department of Dermatology, Montpellier University Hospital and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Quentin Samaran
- Department of Dermatology, Montpellier University Hospital and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Dereure
- Department of Dermatology, Montpellier University Hospital and Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
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Gunasekara N, Gaeta G, Levy A, Boot E, Tachtsidis I. fNIRS neuroimaging in olfactory research: A systematic literature review. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:1040719. [PMID: 36620865 PMCID: PMC9815777 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.1040719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
There are a number of key features which make olfaction difficult to study; subjective processes of odor detection, discrimination and identification, and individualistic odor hedonic perception and associated odor memories. In this systematic review we explore the role functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) has played in understanding olfactory perception in humans. fNIRS is an optical neuroimaging technique able to measure changes in brain hemodynamics and oxygenation related to neural electrical activity. Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, results of this search found that generally the majority of studies involving healthy adult subjects observed increased activity in response to odors. Other population types were also observed, such as infants, individuals with autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dysosmia. fNIRS coverage heavily favored the prefrontal cortex, temporal and parietal regions. This review finds that odor induced cortical activation is dependent on multiple factors, such as odorant type, gender and population type. This review also finds that there is room for improvement in areas such as participant diversity, use of wearable fNIRS systems, physiological monitoring and multi-distance channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gunasekara
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Natalie Gunasekara
| | - Giuliano Gaeta
- Health and Well-being Centre of Excellence, Givaudan UK Limited, Ashford, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Levy
- MetaboLight Ltd., London, United Kingdom,Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Ilias Tachtsidis
- Department of Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, University College London, London, United Kingdom,MetaboLight Ltd., London, United Kingdom
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20
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Gaeta G, Wilson DA. Reciprocal relationships between sleep and smell. Front Neural Circuits 2022; 16:1076354. [PMID: 36619661 PMCID: PMC9813672 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2022.1076354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite major anatomical differences with other mammalian sensory systems, olfaction shares with those systems a modulation by sleep/wake states. Sleep modulates odor sensitivity and serves as an important regulator of both perceptual and associative odor memory. In addition, however, olfaction also has an important modulatory impact on sleep. Odors can affect the latency to sleep onset, as well as the quality and duration of sleep. Olfactory modulation of sleep may be mediated by direct synaptic interaction between the olfactory system and sleep control nuclei, and/or indirectly through odor modulation of arousal and respiration. This reciprocal interaction between sleep and olfaction presents novel opportunities for sleep related modulation of memory and perception, as well as development of non-pharmacological olfactory treatments of simple sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Gaeta
- Givaudan UK Limited, Health and Well-Being Centre of Excellence, Ashford, United Kingdom,Giuliano Gaeta,
| | - Donald A. Wilson
- Emotional Brain Institute, Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, Orangeburg, NY, United States,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, NYU School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY, United States,*Correspondence: Donald A. Wilson,
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21
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Yoshikawa K, Deguchi J, Hu J, Lu HY, Matsunami H. An odorant receptor that senses four classes of musk compounds. Curr Biol 2022; 32:5172-5179.e5. [PMID: 36370695 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Musk was originally identified in male musk deer and other mammals to mark territories and attract females. In humans, musk compounds are widely used in perfumes and consumer products for their superior perceptual odor quality.1,2,3,4,5 Strikingly diverse natural and synthetic chemicals have exhibited a similar "musky" odor, which has resulted in diverse models of musk odor perception and raises questions regarding the simplistic associations between chemical features and odor quality. Scientists' lack of understanding of this principle has hampered the design of a novel musk compound. Here, we functionally identified the odorant receptor, OR5A2, as a receptor for the musky odor of diverse musk compounds. First, we discovered that engineered OR5A2 with enhanced expression in heterologous cells is sensitive to and selective of musk compounds in all four structural classes. Second, the clarified functional variation of OR5A2 accounts for the reported association between genetic variation and perception in a musk compound. Finally, the revealed ligand selectivity of OR5A2 provides insight into developing a trained model to use machine learning-based virtual screening on candidates for a new musk compound. We propose that OR5A2 contributes to the long-sought gateway of sensing musk compounds and generating their unique odor quality.
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22
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Lee J, Kwon KH. The significant value of sustainable cosmetics fragrance in the spotlight after COVID-19. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6540-6548. [PMID: 35716347 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought major changes to the world's population. This has led to increased wearing of masks to prevent infectious diseases, which can contribute to exacerbation of stress and the emergence of mental illness due to a physical health crisis. OBJECTIVES Therefore, this study comprehensively investigated the reasons why cosmetics customers pay attention to sustainable fragrances after COVID-19. METHODS This review article is a literature review, and a narrative review approach was used in this study. A total of 598 references were selected from 2004 to 2022 using representative journal search sites such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and RISS. Among them, a total of 39 articles were successfully completed in this study using the PRISMA flowchart in the final stage. RESULTS In this study, by identifying the changes and needs of K-beauty and global cosmetics industry consumers who aspire for sustainable safety amid the COVID-19 pandemic, the increase in bad breath caused by the increase in mask wearing was recognized, and the need for fragrance due to mental health was recognized. Demand is expected to increase. CONCLUSION This study tried to change the perception of cosmetic fragrances into safe edible fragrances. Therefore, it is expected to be used as an important marketing material for the global cosmetics market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinkyung Lee
- Division of Beauty Arts Care, Department of Beauty Arts Care, Graduate School, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Beauty and Health Care, Namseoul University, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Han Kwon
- College of General Education, Kookmin University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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23
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Yang H, An W, Wang F, Gu Y, Guo H, Jiang Y, Peng J, Liu M, Chen L, Zhang F, Zhu P, Huang X, Wan X. Integrated Transcriptomic, Metabolomic, and Physiological Analyses Reveal New Insights into Fragrance Formation in the Heartwood of Phoebe hui. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214044. [PMID: 36430522 PMCID: PMC9698381 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Phoebe hui is an extremely valuable tree that is the main source of the fragrant golden-thread nanmu wood. Although the fragrance of wood has been investigated in several trees, the potential substances and gene regulation mechanisms that are involved in fragrance formation are poorly understood. Here, three radial tissues, sapwood (SW), heartwood (HW), and the transition zone (TZ) in between them, were compared via integrative physiological, volatile-metabolomic, and transcriptomic analyses to identify the key metabolites and regulatory mechanisms involved in fragrance formation. During heartwood formation, gradual starch grain loss was accompanied by the deposition of lipids and extractives in the cell lumen. Extracts of terpenoids were synthesized and accumulated in the heartwood, including monoterpenoids (limonene and p-cymene) and sesquiterpenes (cubebene and guaiadiene); these were identified as being closely related to the special fragrance of the wood. Additionally, the expression of transcripts showed that the genes related to primary metabolism were specifically upregulated in the SW, whereas genes annotated in terpenoid biosynthesis were specifically upregulated in the HW. Therefore, we speculated that terpenoid biosynthesis occurs in situ in the HW via the HW formation model of Type-III (Santalum) using the precursors that were produced by primary metabolism in the SW. The expression levels of transcription factors (e.g., MYB, WRKY, and C2H2) acted as the major regulatory factors in the synthesis of terpenoids. Our results explain the special fragrance in P. hui and broaden the current knowledge of the regulatory mechanisms of fragrance formation. This work provides a framework for future research that is focused on improving wood quality and value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbo Yang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wenna An
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yunjie Gu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (X.W.)
| | - Hongying Guo
- Sichuan Academy of Grassland Sciences, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Yongze Jiang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Jian Peng
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Minhao Liu
- Sichuan Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Conservation for Forest and Wetland, Sichuan Academy of Forestry, Chengdu 610081, China
| | - Lianghua Chen
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peng Zhu
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiong Huang
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xueqin Wan
- Forestry Ecological Engineering in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resource Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Rainy Area of West China Plantation Ecosystem Permanent Scientific Research Base, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (Y.G.); (X.W.)
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24
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Mohd Hanafiah N, Cheng A, Lim PE, Sethuraman G, Mohd Zain NA, Baisakh N, Mispan MS. Novel PCR-Based Multiplex Assays for Detecting Major Quality and Biotic Stress in Commercial and Weedy Rice. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12101542. [PMID: 36294977 PMCID: PMC9604669 DOI: 10.3390/life12101542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Rice, the staple food for more than half of humanity, is grown predominantly in Asia, the world’s most populous continent with the fastest-growing economy. The present-day rice industry must not only meet increasing demand but also changing consumer demands, with a strong emphasis placed on producing high-quality rice. While the rapid development of advanced genotyping methods can be useful for modern rice breeding programs, some methods (such as capillary electrophoresis or sequencing) can be costly to apply in laboratories with limited resources. To address this issue, we developed six novel multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays that employ a standard agarose-based gel electrophoresis system to simultaneously detect at least two major grain quality (amylose content and fragrance) and biotic stress (blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight) genes in rice. One of these assays, which can detect all three targeted biotic stresses, was found to be useful in screening Malaysian weedy rice that may contain novel sources of disease resistance. The universal protocol described in this study can be used in routine molecular laboratories to aid rice breeding initiatives in Malaysia and other resource-constrained countries. Abstract While previous research has demonstrated that multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) can be a cost-effective approach to detect various genes in crops, the availability of multiplex assays to simultaneously screen both grain quality and biotic stress resistance traits in rice (Oryza sativa) is limited. In this work, we report six novel multiplex assays that use a universal protocol to detect major rice grain quality (amylose content and fragrance) and biotic stress (blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight) traits with amplified products consisting of up to four primer pairs that can be analyzed using a standard agarose-based gel electrophoresis system. Recent studies have suggested that weedy rice has novel sources of disease resistance. However, an intensive screening of weedy biotypes has not been reported in Malaysia. Accordingly, we employed one of the developed multiplex assays to screen reported genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated with blast, sheath blight, and bacterial leaf blight diseases in 100 weedy rice biotypes collected from five local fields, with phenotyping performed to validate the genotyping results. In conclusion, our universal multiplex protocol is effective for the large-scale genotyping of rice genetic resources, and it can be employed in routine molecular laboratories with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noraikim Mohd Hanafiah
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Acga Cheng
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (M.S.M.)
| | - Phaik-Eem Lim
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Gomathy Sethuraman
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Amalina Mohd Zain
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Niranjan Baisakh
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Science, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Muhamad Shakirin Mispan
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (M.S.M.)
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25
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Bernard A. Dermal Exposure to Hazardous Chemicals in Baby Diapers: A Re-Evaluation of the Quantitative Health Risk Assessment Conducted by The French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES). Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19074159. [PMID: 35409842 PMCID: PMC8998495 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In January 2019, the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES) published an opinion on risks related to the presence of hazardous chemicals in infant diapers. ANSES found that health reference values were largely exceeded for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins (PCCD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorobiphenyls (DL-PCBs). The levels of formaldehyde and some fragrances were also considered potentially unsafe. Therefore, ANSES concluded that actions have to be taken to restrict levels of these contaminants in diapers. Under the exposure scenario deemed the most reliable by ANSES, estimates of cancer risks of the most potent PAHs detected in diapers exceeded 10−3 and hazard quotients for neurobehavioral effects attained values up to 66. Regarding dioxins and DL-PCBs, ANSES derived a hazard quotient of 12 for the risk of decreased sperm count at adult age. The aim of this study was to examine whether the exposure and risk assessment conducted by ANSES contained potential flaws that could explain such a high exceedance of health reference values. This study also put into perspective the exposure from diapers with that from breast milk whose benefits for children’s health are undisputable despite contamination by PAHs, dioxins and DL-PCBS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfred Bernard
- Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
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26
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Wang S, Liang H, Wang H, Li L, Xu Y, Liu Y, Liu M, Wei J, Ma T, Le C, Yang J, He C, Liu J, Zhao J, Zhao Y, Lisby M, Sahu SK, Liu H. The chromosome-scale genomes of Dipterocarpus turbinatus and Hopea hainanensis (Dipterocarpaceae) provide insights into fragrant oleoresin biosynthesis and hardwood formation. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:538-553. [PMID: 34687252 PMCID: PMC8882806 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Dipterocarpaceae are typical tropical plants (dipterocarp forests) that are famous for their high economic value because of their production of fragrant oleoresins, top-quality timber and usage in traditional Chinese medicine. Currently, the lack of Dipterocarpaceae genomes has been a limiting factor to decipher the fragrant oleoresin biosynthesis and gain evolutionary insights into high-quality wood formation in Dipterocarpaceae. We generated chromosome-level genome assemblies for two representative Dipterocarpaceae species viz. Dipterocarpus turbinatus Gaertn. f. and Hopea hainanensis Merr. et Chun. Our whole-genome duplication (WGD) analysis revealed that Dipterocarpaceae underwent a shared WGD event, which showed significant impacts on increased copy numbers of genes related to the biosynthesis of terpene, BAHD acyltransferases, fatty acid and benzenoid/phenylpropanoid, which probably confer to the formation of their characteristic fragrant oleoresin. Additionally, compared with common soft wood plants, the expansion of gene families was also found to be associated with wood formation, such as in CESA (cellulose synthase), CSLE (cellulose synthase-like protein E), laccase and peroxidase in Dipterocarpaceae genomes, which might also contribute to the formation of harder, stronger and high-density timbers. Finally, an integrative analysis on a combination of genomic, transcriptomic and metabolic data from different tissues provided further insights into the molecular basis of fragrant oleoresins biosynthesis and high-quality wood formation of Dipterocarpaceae. Our study contributes the first two representative genomes for Dipterocarpaceae, which are valuable genetic resources for further researches on the fragrant oleoresins and superior-quality timber, genome-assisted breeding and improvement, and conservation biology of this family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Hongping Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hongli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Linzhou Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- Department of Biotechnology and BiomedicineTechnical University of DenmarkLyngbyDenmark
| | - Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Min Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Jinpu Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Tao Ma
- Key Laboratory of Bio‐resource and Eco‐Environment of Ministry of EducationCollege of Life SciencesSichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Cheng Le
- BGI‐Yunnan, BGI‐ShenzhenYunnanChina
| | - Jinlong Yang
- BGI‐Yunnan, BGI‐ShenzhenYunnanChina
- College of Forensic ScienceXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anChina
| | | | - Jie Liu
- Forestry Bureau of RuiliYunnan Dehong, RuiliChina
| | | | | | - Michael Lisby
- Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Sunil Kumar Sahu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural GenomicsBGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenChina
- College of Life SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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27
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Yang F, Gao J, Wei Y, Ren R, Zhang G, Lu C, Jin J, Ai Y, Wang Y, Chen L, Ahmad S, Zhang D, Sun W, Tsai W, Liu Z, Zhu G. The genome of Cymbidium sinense revealed the evolution of orchid traits. Plant Biotechnol J 2021; 19:2501-2516. [PMID: 34342129 PMCID: PMC8633513 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The Orchidaceae is of economic and ecological importance and constitutes ˜10% of all seed plant species. Here, we report a genome physical map for Cymbidium sinense, a well-known species belonging to genus Cymbidium that has thousands of natural variation varieties of flower organs, flower and leaf colours and also referred as the King of Fragrance, which make it arose into a unique cultural symbol in China. The high-quality chromosome-scale genome assembly was 3.52 Gb in size, 29 638 protein-coding genes were predicted, and evidence for whole-genome duplication shared with other orchids was provided. Marked amplification of cytochrome- and photosystem-related genes was observed, which was consistent with the shade tolerance and dark green leaves of C. sinense. Extensive duplication of MADS-box genes, and the resulting subfunctional and expressional differentiation, was associated with regulation of species-specific flower traits, including wild-type and mutant-type floral patterning, seasonal flowering and ecological adaption. CsSEP4 was originally found to positively regulate gynostemium development. The CsSVP genes and their interaction proteins CsAP1 and CsSOC1 were significantly expanded and involved in the regulation of low-temperature-dependent flowering. Important genetic clues to the colourful leaf traits, purple-black flowers and volatile trait in C. sinense were also found. The results provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of important phenotypic traits of Cymbidium and its evolution and serve as a powerful platform for future evolutionary studies and molecular breeding of orchids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng‐Xi Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jie Gao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Yong‐Lu Wei
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Rui Ren
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Guo‐Qiang Zhang
- Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and UtilizationThe Orchid Conservation and Research Center of ShenzhenThe National Orchid Conservation Center of ChinaShenzhenChina
| | - Chu‐Qiao Lu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Jian‐Peng Jin
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Ye Ai
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape ArchitectureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Ya‐Qin Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Plant DevelopmentSchool of Life SciencesSouth China Normal UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Li‐Jun Chen
- Laboratory for Orchid Conservation and UtilizationThe Orchid Conservation and Research Center of ShenzhenThe National Orchid Conservation Center of ChinaShenzhenChina
| | - Sagheer Ahmad
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Di‐Yang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape ArchitectureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Wei‐Hong Sun
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape ArchitectureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Wen‐Chieh Tsai
- Orchid Research and Development CenterNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
- Institute of Tropical Plant Sciences and MicrobiologyNational Cheng Kung UniversityTainanTaiwan
| | - Zhong‐Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape ArchitectureFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhouChina
| | - Gen‐Fa Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Ornamental Plant Germplasm Innovation and UtilizationInstitute of Environmental HorticultureGuangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhouChina
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28
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Zeinali S, Pawliszyn J. Determination of Droplet-Bound and Free Gas-Phase Fragrances Using a Filter-Incorporated Needle-Trap Device and Solid-Phase Microextraction Technologies. J Agric Food Chem 2021; 69:13657-13667. [PMID: 34662115 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c06006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Some of the fragrance compounds in aerosols tend to remain trapped inside the droplets. The ability to capture these droplets would make it possible to desorb and transfer the analytes dissolved within for determination. In this study, we design a novel filter-incorporated needle-trap device and use it to capture fragrance compounds in droplets as well as the gas phase of seven aerosol spray samples. For comparison, thin-film and solid-phase microextraction were also employed to extract gas-phase-borne fragrances from the same sprays. The results revealed that the filter-incorporated needle-trap device enables the extraction of total concentrations due to its ability to trap fragrance-containing droplets, whereas thin-film and solid-phase microextraction are only able to extract unbound compounds present in the gas phase. In addition, the developed needle-trap device provided acceptable results, proving its applicability for the analysis of aroma in other samples, such as beer and soda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakiba Zeinali
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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29
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Andernord D, Bruze M, Bryngelsson IL, Bråred Christensson J, Glas B, Hagvall L, Isaksson M, Matura M, Nyman G, Stenberg B, Svedman C, Lindberg M. Contact allergy to haptens in the Swedish baseline series: Results from the Swedish Patch Test Register (2010 to 2017). Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:175-188. [PMID: 34704261 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allergic contact dermatitis has considerable public health impact and causative haptens vary over time. OBJECTIVES To report the prevalence of contact allergy to allergens in the Swedish baseline series 2010 to 2017, as registered in the Swedish Patch Test Register. METHODS Results and demographic information for patients tested with the Swedish baseline series in 2010 to 2017 were analysed. RESULTS Data for 21 663 individuals (females 69%) were included. Females had significantly more positive patch tests (54% vs 40%). The reaction prevalence rates were highest for nickel sulfate (20.7%), fragrance mix I (7.1%), Myroxylon pereirae (6.9%), potassium dichromate (6.9%), cobalt chloride (6.8%), methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI; 6.4%), MI (3.7%), colophonium (3.5%), fragrance mix II (3.2%), and formaldehyde (3.2%). Myroxylon pereirae reaction prevalence increased from 5% in 2010 to 9% in 2017 and that for methyldibromo glutaronitrile from 3.1% to 4.6%. MCI/MI and MI reactions decreased in prevalence after 2014. Nickel reaction prevalence decreased among females aged 10 to 19 years. CONCLUSIONS Nickel remains the most common sensitizing agent, with reaction prevalence decreasing among females younger than 20 years. The changes in MCI/MI and MI reaction prevalence mirrored those in Europe. The register can reveal changes in contact allergy prevalence over time among patients patch tested in Sweden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Andernord
- Department of Dermatology, Central Hospital, Karlstad, Sweden.,Centre for Clinical Research and Education, Region Värmland, Karlstad, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Ing-Liss Bryngelsson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Johanna Bråred Christensson
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bo Glas
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lina Hagvall
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marléne Isaksson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Mihály Matura
- Department of Dermatology, Skaraborg Hospital Skövde, Skövde, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Nyman
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Berndt Stenberg
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Lindberg
- Department of Dermatology, Örebro University Hospital and Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
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Mamusa M, Mastrangelo R, Glen T, Murgia S, Palazzo G, Smets J, Baglioni P. Rational Design of Sustainable Liquid Microcapsules for Spontaneous Fragrance Encapsulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:23849-23857. [PMID: 34357674 PMCID: PMC8596835 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202110446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The high volatility, water-immiscibility, and light/oxygen-sensitivity of most aroma compounds represent a challenge to their incorporation in liquid consumer products. Current encapsulation methods entail the use of petroleum-based materials, initiators, and crosslinkers as well as mixing, heating, and purification steps. Hence, more efficient and eco-friendly approaches to encapsulation must be sought. Herein, we propose a simple method by making use of a pre-formed amphiphilic polymer and employing the Hansen Solubility Parameters approach to determine which fragrances could be encapsulated by spontaneous coacervation in water. The coacervates do not precipitate as solids but they remain suspended as colloidally stable liquid microcapsules, as demonstrated by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy. The effective encapsulation of fragrance is proven through confocal Raman spectroscopy, while the structure of the capsules is investigated by means of cryo FIB/SEM, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and small-angle X-ray scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mamusa
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”Università degli Studi di Firenze & CSGI, (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase)via della Lastruccia 3Sesto Fiorentino (FI)I-50019Italy
| | - Rosangela Mastrangelo
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”Università degli Studi di Firenze & CSGI, (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase)via della Lastruccia 3Sesto Fiorentino (FI)I-50019Italy
| | - Tom Glen
- School of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghEH9 3FDUK
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell'AmbienteUniversità degli Studi di Cagliari & CSGI, (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase)via Ospedale 72Cagliari09124Italy
| | - Gerardo Palazzo
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità di Bari “Aldo Moro” & CSGI, (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase)Via Orabona 4BariI-70126Italy
| | - Johan Smets
- The Procter & Gamble CompanyTemselaan 1001853Strombeek BeverBelgium
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Dipartimento di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”Università degli Studi di Firenze & CSGI, (Consorzio per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase)via della Lastruccia 3Sesto Fiorentino (FI)I-50019Italy
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Nematollahi N, Ross PA, Hoffmann AA, Kolev SD, Steinemann A. Limonene Emissions: Do Different Types Have Different Biological Effects? Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:10505. [PMID: 34639805 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Limonene is one of the most abundant pollutants indoors, and it contributes to the formation of additional pollutants, such as formaldehyde and photochemical smog. Limonene is commonly used in fragranced consumer products, such as cleaning supplies and air fresheners, which have also been associated with health problems. Limonene can exist in different enantiomeric forms (R-limonene and S-limonene) and be derived from different sources. However, little is known about whether different forms and sources of limonene may have different effects. This research explored whether different types of limonene, at the same concentrations, could elicit different biological effects. To investigate this question, the study employed Aedes aegypti mosquitoes, which have sophisticated olfactory abilities, in olfactometer tests of repellency/attraction. The results indicate that a synthetic source of R-limonene is more repellent than a natural source of R-limonene. In addition, synthetic sources of both R-limonene and S-limonene are not significantly different in repellency. These findings can contribute to our understanding and further exploration of the effects of a common fragrance compound on air quality and health.
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Schubert S, Schnuch A, Bauer A, Wagner N, Schröder-Kraft C, Dickel H, Weisshaar E, Effendy I, Becker D, Buhl T, Simon D, Koch A, Kreft B, Vieluf D, Löffler H, Geier J. Very late reactions in the patch test with fragrance mix I and oak moss absolute (Evernia prunastri, INCI): Data of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK). Contact Dermatitis 2021; 86:54-57. [PMID: 34515343 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Schubert
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Axel Schnuch
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Andrea Bauer
- Clinic and Policlinic for Dermatology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicola Wagner
- Department of Dermatology, Erlangen University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Heinrich Dickel
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Elke Weisshaar
- Department of Dermatology, Occupational Dermatology, University Medical Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Isaak Effendy
- Department of Dermatology, Bielefeld Medical Center, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Detlef Becker
- Department of Dermatology, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Timo Buhl
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - André Koch
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Academic Teaching Hospital Dresden-Friedrichstadt, Dresden, Germany
| | - Burkhard Kreft
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Dieter Vieluf
- Department of Allergology, Photodermatology and Occupational Dermatology, Dermatologikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Harald Löffler
- Department of Dermatology, SLK Hospital Heilbronn, Heilbronn, Germany
| | - Johannes Geier
- Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), Institute at the University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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Southwell I. Backhousia citriodora F. Muell. (Lemon Myrtle), an Unrivalled Source of Citral. Foods 2021; 10:foods10071596. [PMID: 34359465 PMCID: PMC8305781 DOI: 10.3390/foods10071596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lemon oils are amongst the highest volume and most frequently traded of the flavor and fragrance essential oils. Citronellal and citral are considered the key components responsible for the lemon note with citral (neral + geranial) preferred. Of the myriad of sources of citral, the Australian myrtaceous tree, Lemon Myrtle, Backhousia citriodora F. Muell. (Myrtaceae), is considered superior. This review examines the history, the natural occurrence, the cultivation, the taxonomy, the chemistry, the biological activity, the toxicology, the standardisation and the commercialisation of Backhousia citriodora especially in relation to its essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Southwell
- Plant Science, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW 2480, Australia
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Zhuang Y, Wu F, Yin H, Wang Q, Liu T. [Advances in the microbial synthesis of aromatic fragrance molecules]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2021; 37:1998-2009. [PMID: 34227290 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.200744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Aromatic compounds make up a large part of fragrances and are traditionally produced by chemical synthesis and direct extraction from plants. Chemical synthesis depends on petroleum resources and has disadvantages such as causing environment pollutions and harsh reaction conditions. Due to the low content of aromatic compounds in plants and the low yield of direct extraction, plant extractions require large amounts of plant resources that occupy arable land. In recent years, with the development of metabolic engineering and synthetic biology, microbial synthesis of aromatic compounds from renewable resources has become a promising alternative approach to traditional methods. This review describes the research progress on the synthesis of aromatic fragrances by model microorganisms such as Escherichia coli or yeast, including the synthesis of vanillin through shikimic acid pathway and the synthesis of raspberry ketone through polyketide pathway. Moreover, this review highlights the elucidation of native biosynthesis pathways, the construction of synthetic pathways and metabolic regulation for the production of aromatic fragrances by microbial fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Fengli Wu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Hua Yin
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Qinhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Tianjin 300308, China
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Yeoman AM, Shaw M, Lewis AC. Estimating person-to-person variability in VOC emissions from personal care products used during showering. Indoor Air 2021; 31:1281-1291. [PMID: 33615569 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
An increasing fraction of volatile organic compounds (VOC) emissions come from the domestic use of solvents, contained within myriad commonplace consumer products. Emission rates are often poorly characterized and depend significantly on individual behavior and specific product formulation and usage. Time-concentration profiles of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) arising from the use of a representative selection of personal care products (PCPs) during showering are generated, and person-to-person variability in emissions calculated. A panel of 18 participants used a standardized set of products, dosages, and application times during showering in a controlled indoor bathroom setting. Proton transfer mass spectrometry was used to measure the in-room VOC evolution of limonene (representing the sum of monoterpenes), benzyl alcohol, and ethanol. The release of VOCs had reproducible patterns between users, but noticeable variations in absolute peak concentrations, despite identical amounts of material being used. The amounts of VOC emitted to air for one showering activity were as follows: limonene (1.77 mg ± 42%), benzyl alcohol (1.07 mg ± 41%), and ethanol (0.33 mg ± 78%). Real-world emissions to air were between 1.3 and 11 times lower than bottom-up estimates based on dynamic headspace measurements of product emissions rates, likely a result of PCPs being washed away before VOC evaporation could occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Yeoman
- Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories, University of York, York, UK
| | - Marvin Shaw
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
| | - Alastair C Lewis
- National Centre for Atmospheric Science, University of York, York, UK
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Yunus IS, Wang Z, Sattayawat P, Muller J, Zemichael FW, Hellgardt K, Jones PR. Improved Bioproduction of 1-Octanol Using Engineered Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:1417-1428. [PMID: 34003632 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
1-Octanol has gained interest as a chemical precursor for both high and low value commodities including fuel, solvents, surfactants, and fragrances. By harnessing the power from sunlight and CO2 as carbon source, cyanobacteria has recently been engineered for renewable production of 1-octanol. The productivity, however, remained low. In the present work, we report efforts to further improve the 1-octanol productivity. Different N-terminal truncations were evaluated on three thioesterases from different plant species, resulting in several candidate thioesterases with improved activity and selectivity toward octanoyl-ACP. The structure/function trials suggest that current knowledge and/or state-of-the art computational tools are insufficient to determine the most appropriate cleavage site for thioesterases in Synechocystis. Additionally, by tuning the inducer concentration and light intensity, we further improved the 1-octanol productivity, reaching up to 35% (w/w) carbon partitioning and a titer of 526 ± 5 mg/L 1-octanol in 12 days. Long-term cultivation experiments demonstrated that the improved strain can be stably maintained for at least 30 days and/or over ten times serial dilution. Surprisingly, the improved strain was genetically stable in contrast to earlier strains having lower productivity (and hence a reduced chance of reaching toxic product concentrations). Altogether, improved enzymes and environmental conditions (e.g., inducer concentration and light intensity) substantially increased the 1-octanol productivity. When cultured under continuous conditions, the bioproduction system reached an accumulative titer of >3.5 g/L 1-octanol over close to 180 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Sofian Yunus
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Zhixuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Pachara Sattayawat
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Jonathan Muller
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Fessehaye W. Zemichael
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Hellgardt
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
| | - Patrik R. Jones
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom
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Schulz D, Linde M, Debener T. Detection of Reproducible Major Effect QTL for Petal Traits in Garden Roses. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10050897. [PMID: 33946713 PMCID: PMC8145204 DOI: 10.3390/plants10050897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The detection of QTL by association genetics depends on the genetic architecture of the trait under study, the size and structure of the investigated population and the availability of phenotypic and marker data of sufficient quality and quantity. In roses, we previously demonstrated that major QTL could already be detected in small association panels. In this study, we analyzed petal number, petal size and fragrance in a small panel of 95 mostly tetraploid garden rose genotypes. After genotyping the panel with the 68 K Axiom WagRhSNP chip we detected major QTL for all three traits. Each trait was significantly influenced by several genomic regions. Some of the QTL span genomic regions that comprise several candidate genes. Selected markers from some of these regions were converted into KASP markers and were validated in independent populations of up to 282 garden rose genotypes. These markers demonstrate the robustness of the detected effects independent of the set of genotypes analyzed. Furthermore, the markers can serve as tools for marker-assisted breeding in garden roses. Over an extended timeframe, they may be used as a starting point for the isolation of the genes underlying the QTL.
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Abstract
The olfactory system of mammals allows the detection and discrimination of thousands of odors from the environment. In mammals, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are considered responsible to carry odorant molecules across the aqueous nasal mucus to the olfactory receptors (ORs). The three-dimensional structure of these proteins presents eight antiparallel β-sheets and a short α-helical segment close to the C terminus, typical of the lipocalins family. The great ability of OBPs to bind differentiated ligand molecules has driven the research to understand the mechanisms underlying the OBP function in nature and the development of advanced biotechnological applications. This review describes the role of mammalian OBPs in the olfactory perception, highlighting the influence of several key parameters (amino acids, temperature, ionic strength, and pH) in the formation of the OBP/ligand complex. The information from the literature regarding OBP structure, affinity, the strength of binding, and stability inspiring the development of several applications herein detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipa Gonçalves
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Ribeiro
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Carla Silva
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Artur Cavaco-Paulo
- Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho - Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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Pastor-Nieto MA, Gatica-Ortega ME, Sánchez-Herreros C, Vergara-Sánchez A, Martínez-Mariscal J, De Eusebio-Murillo E. Sensitization to benzyl salicylate and other allergens in patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 84:423-430. [PMID: 33351203 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Contact sensitization is frequent among patients with frontal fibrosing alopecia (FFA) (52%-76%). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the frequency of sensitization/photosensitization in an FFA population. METHODS A population of FFA patients were patch tested (Spanish Contact Dermatitis Research Group [GEIDAC] baseline; cosmetic and fragrance series), and photopatch tested (sunscreen series). RESULTS Thirty-six patients (mean age: 64.6 years; 35/36: women) were studied. A history of dermatitis was recorded in 69.4% (frequently involving the face). Overall, 80.5% patients showed positive patch-test reactions. The most frequently positive allergens were nickel sulfate (25%), benzyl salicylate (22%), gallates (16.6%), propolis (16.6%), and limonene hydroperoxides (13.8%). Benzyl salicylate was likely relevant to the dermatitis (labeled on personal care products and most patients reporting clinical improvement with allergen avoidance). Patch tests with sunscreens showed positive reactions to 11 materials (five patients). Photopatch tests were positive in one case. CONCLUSION We speculate a possible relationship between sensitization to benzyl salicylate and FFA. Hypothetically, the most likely explanation is that sensitization to benzyl salicylate involving FFA patients is a consequence of increased exposure to it. It is unclear whether allergen avoidance may impact the prognosis of alopecia. However, it seems to significantly improve the patients´ quality of life by lessening dermatitis and pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- María A Pastor-Nieto
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Medicine Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Alcalá University, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
| | - María E Gatica-Ortega
- Dermatology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Esther De Eusebio-Murillo
- Dermatology Department, Hospital Universitario de Guadalajara, Spain.,Department of Medicine and Medicine Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Alcalá University, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
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Chen K, Zhou J, Hu J, Zhang J, Heng T, Xu C, Wang X, Liu J, Yu K. Preparation of pH-Responsive Dual-Compartmental Microcapsules via Pickering Emulsion and Their Application in Multifunctional Textiles. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2021; 13:1234-1244. [PMID: 33347287 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Currently, smart and functional textiles have attracted increasing attention for the research on their application in various fields. In this paper, perfluorooctyltriethoxysilane (FAS13)-loaded silica nanocapsules taken as the Pickering emulsifier was applied to stabilize O/W emulsion for obtaining pH-responsive dual-compartmental microcapsules which show a strawberry-like structure with jasmine essence as the core and pH-responsive polymers and silica nanocapsules as the shell. These microcapsules could endow it with multifunctions by functionalizing the fabric, while the preparation and functionalization process is effortless and environmental friendly. Not only does the treated fabric demonstrate the self-healing superhydrophobicity and ultraviolet (UV) resistance because of the hydrophobic FAS13 getting loaded into silica nanocapsules and the surface modification of UV absorbent, it is also capable of the pH control jasmine essence-releasing performance, which allows over 40% of the fragrance to be preserved for three months through the controlled release of jasmine essence from the microcapsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunlin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jianlin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jing Hu
- School of Perfume and Aroma Technology, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, P. R. China
| | - Junhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tianzuo Heng
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Changyue Xu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xuemei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jingyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Kejing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, College of Textile Science and Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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Kaimal G, Carroll-Haskins K, Ramakrishnan A, Magsamen S, Arslanbek A, Herres J. Outcomes of Visual Self-Expression in Virtual Reality on Psychosocial Well-Being With the Inclusion of a Fragrance Stimulus: A Pilot Mixed-Methods Study. Front Psychol 2021; 11:589461. [PMID: 33424706 PMCID: PMC7793948 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.589461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims In this pilot mixed-methods study, we examined the participants experiences of engaging in virtual drawing tasks and the impact of an olfactory stimulus (calming fragrance blend) on outcomes of affect, stress, self-efficacy, anxiety, creative agency, and well-being (satisfaction with life). Methods This study used a parallel mixed-methods, simple block randomization design. The study participants included 24 healthy adults aged 18 to 54 years, including 18 women and six men. The participants completed two 1-h immersive virtual art making sessions and were randomly assigned to receive either a fragrance or a non-fragrance condition for the first session. Quantitative (standardized self-report measures) and qualitative (open-ended survey responses and virtual artwork) datasets were collected concurrently and integrated during data analysis. Results The quantitative results indicated that the fragrance condition demonstrated a significant reduction in negative affect (e.g., feeling hostile, jittery, upset, distressed, etc.), namely, reduced feelings of negativity when compared to the non-fragrance condition. A trend toward improvement in self-efficacy was also seen in the fragrance condition. No significant changes were found for fragrance or non-fragrance conditions for positive affect, anxiety, and creative agency. The qualitative findings included five themes related to art making experiences in virtual reality in both conditions: fun and joy; novelty of virtual media, experimentation, and play; relaxation and calm; learning curve; and physical discomfort and disorientation. Four themes were identified for virtual art content and visual qualities: nature imagery, references to memories and personal symbols, fantasy and play within imagery, and depiction of everyday objects. Conclusions Overall, the participants reported positive responses to the novel virtual art making experiences which were further heightened by the inclusion of the fragrance stimulus for negative affect. These preliminary findings need to be replicated with larger sample sizes to confirm the outcomes and the trends that were seen in this pilot study. Further research is recommended to examine the differences between experiences of virtual and traditional art media and to examine different olfactory stimuli promoting focus and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girija Kaimal
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Katrina Carroll-Haskins
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Arun Ramakrishnan
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Susan Magsamen
- International Arts + Mind Lab, Brain Science Institute, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Asli Arslanbek
- Department of Creative Arts Therapies, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Joanna Herres
- Department of Psychology, The College of New Jersey, Ewing Township, NJ, United States
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Ochi H, Kwong HL, Lim SPR. Leonine facies in a masseuse as a result of allergic contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2021; 84:268-270. [PMID: 33070348 DOI: 10.1111/cod.13724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Harumi Ochi
- Department of Dermatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Hui L Kwong
- Department of Dermatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su P R Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
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43
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Lecourt M, Antoniotti S. Chemistry, Sustainability and Naturality of Perfumery Biotech Ingredients. ChemSusChem 2020; 13:5600-5610. [PMID: 32853474 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202001661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
White biotechnology has emerged in biochemical manufacturing processes to deliver perfumery ingredients satisfying interests of the society for natural, eco-responsible, and sustainable materials. As a result, an intense R&D activity has taken place on these subjects, resulting in both scientific publications and patent applications reporting combinations of state-of-the-art approaches in biocatalysis, metabolic engineering, synthetic biology, biosynthesis elucidation, gene edition and cloning, and analytical chemistry. In this Minireview, a smelly selection of novel biotechnological processes and ingredients from a scientific articles and patents survey covering the last 6 years is presented and analysed in terms of chemistry, sustainability and naturality. Classification has been made between metabolic engineering on one side, allowing either biotechnological synthesis of essential oil surrogates or single molecule ingredients, and on the other side the optimisation of properties of natural complex substances by specific and selective enzymatic modifications of their chemical composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Lecourt
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice cedex 2, France
| | - Sylvain Antoniotti
- Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, Institut de Chimie de Nice, Parc Valrose, 06108, Nice cedex 2, France
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Lu Z, Zhang T, Yang J, Wang J, Shen J, Wang X, Xiao Z, Niu Y, Liu G, Zhang X. Effect of mesoporous silica nanoparticles-based nano- fragrance on the central nervous system. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:535-540. [PMID: 33204240 PMCID: PMC7645641 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Fragrances are widely used in our daily lives and can make us feel happy. However, traditional aromatic products release fragrance quickly and have a strong aroma. This not only worsens our scenting experience, but also severely shortens the useful life of fragrance products. In this study, nano-fragrances based on mesoporous silica nanoparticles with great encapsulation efficiency and slow-release function were designed and prepared. In addition, this nano-fragrances are applied to wallpapers. Open field tests showed that this nano-fragrance had significant stress relief and anti-depressant effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Tianlu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jianze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
| | - Zuobing Xiao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance and Flavor IndustryShanghaiP. R. China
- School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Yunwei Niu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance and Flavor IndustryShanghaiP. R. China
- School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiP. R. China
| | - Guiying Liu
- Department of PediatricsCapital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Anzhen HospitalBeijingP. R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP. R. China
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Zhang T, Lu Z, Yang J, Wang J, Shen J, Wang X, Xiao Z, Niu Y, Chen L, Zhang X. Chitosan-based nano fragrance with antibacterial function applied to wallpaper. Eng Life Sci 2020; 20:541-546. [PMID: 33204241 PMCID: PMC7645650 DOI: 10.1002/elsc.202000016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Adding fragrances to the wallpaper can optimize our living environment and office environment. However, the poor adhesion and rapid release of fragrances on wallpapers have limited their application. In this study, vanillin was encapsulated in particles based on chitosan and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), thereby achieving a slow release of the fragrance. In addition, due to the addition of chitosan, the adhesion of the fragrance on the wallpaper was enhanced, and the wallpaper was given antibacterial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Zhiguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Jianze Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
- School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Xiangyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
| | - Zuobing Xiao
- Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance and Flavor IndustryShanghaiP.R. China
- School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Yunwei Niu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Fragrance and Flavor IndustryShanghaiP.R. China
- School of Perfume and Aroma TechnologyShanghai Institute of TechnologyShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyNavy General Hospital of People Liberation ArmyBeijingP.R. China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical EngineeringInstitute of Process EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingP.R. China
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Vilela A, Ferreira R, Nunes F, Correia E. Creation and Acceptability of a Fragrance with a Characteristic Tawny Port Wine-Like Aroma. Foods 2020; 9:E1244. [PMID: 32899920 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Port wine, the ultimate expression of the Demarcated Douro Region’s (DDR’s) history, cultural heritage experience, and art, was born on the slopes of the Douro river valley. One of the categories of port wine that is much appreciated by consumers is tawny port wine. This category of wine is aged in oak barrels and is characterized by oxidative aromas. Thus, the objective of the present work was to develop a tawny port wine-like fragrance, the first according to the literature. First, a group of 50 consumers in an informal environment and using two samples of tawny port wine (13 and over 40 years of aging in wood, respectively) was asked about the pleasantness of the aromas and the possible use of a tawny port wine-like fragrance. More than 80% of the group stated that they would use the fragrance as an air freshener (scent marketing in restaurants) or even in personal-use products. Then, a sensory panel of 12 participants (3 men and 9 women) was trained, and using tawny port wines of various brands and ages, the panel selected six descriptors to aromatically describe this type of wine. For the descriptors, seven aromatic chemical compounds were appointed and fragrances were developed with contributions from the panel. After several sessions with the sensory panel, three fragrances were selected, created with only three of the aromatic compounds initially used: benzaldehyde, sotolon, and vanillin. Afterward, the levels of consumer acceptability (150 individuals) for the three developed fragrances were studied and the optimization of their sensory characteristics was evaluated using a “just about right” (JAR) scale. It was found that male individuals assigned higher ratings and preferred fragrance 5.1, which was a statistically significant result (p < 0.001). Regarding age, Tukey’s test showed significant differences in responses to fragrance 5.3 between young adults and middle-aged adults (p = 0.018). Young adults gave higher scores for this fragrance. Additionally, consumers considered that the intensity of the tawny port wine aroma was ideal in the three fragrances, however, the fragrance color was not very intense. The use of the three compounds (benzaldehyde, sotolon, and vanillin) seems to be enough to obtain a tawny port wine-like fragrance.
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Ncube EN, Steenkamp L, Dubery IA. Ambrafuran (Ambrox TM) Synthesis from Natural Plant Product Precursors. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25173851. [PMID: 32854176 PMCID: PMC7504449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25173851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ambergris, an excretion product of sperm whales, has been a valued agent in the formulation of perfumes. The composition of ambergris consists of two major components: 40–46% cholestanol type steroids and approximately 25–45% of a triterpenoid known as ambrein. Ambergris undergoes oxidative decomposition in the environment to result in odorous compounds, such as ambraoxide, methylambraoxide, and ambracetal. Its oxidized form, ambrafuran (IUPAC name: 3a,6,6,9a-tetramethyl-2,4,5,5a,7,8,9,9b-octahydro-1H-benzo[e][1]benzofuran), is a terpene furan with a pleasant odor and unique olfactive and fixative properties. The current state of the fragrance industry uses ambrafuran materials entirely from synthetic or semisynthetic sources. However, natural compounds with the potential to be converted to ambergris-like odorants have been extracted from several different types of plants. Here we review plant terpenoids suitable as starting materials for the semisyntheses of ambrafuran or intermediates, such as ambradiol, that can be used in biocatalytic transformations to yield ambrafuran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efficient N. Ncube
- Research Centre for Plant Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
| | - Lucia Steenkamp
- Chemicals Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), P.O. Box 395, Pretoria 0001, South Africa;
| | - Ian A. Dubery
- Research Centre for Plant Metabolomics, Department of Biochemistry, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 524, Auckland Park 2006, South Africa;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-11-559-2401
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Abstract
Odors can be powerful stimulants. It is well-established that odors provide strong cues for recall of locations, people and events. The effects of specific scents on other cognitive functions are less well-established. We hypothesized that scents with different odor qualities will have a different effect on attention. To assess attention, we used Inter-Subject Correlation of the EEG because this metric is strongly modulated by attentional engagement with natural audiovisual stimuli. We predicted that scents known to be "energizing" would increase Inter-Subject Correlation during watching of videos as compared to "calming" scents. In a first experiment, we confirmed this for eucalyptol and linalool while participants watched animated autobiographical narratives. The result was replicated in a second experiment, but did not generalize to limonene, also considered an "energizing" odorant. In a third, double-blind experiment, we tested a battery of scents including single molecules, as well as mixtures, as participants watched various short video clips. We found a varying effect of odor on Inter-Subject Correlation across the various scents. This study provides a basis for reliably and reproducibly assessing effects of odors on brain activity. Future research is needed to further explore the effect of scent-based up-modulation in engagement on learning and memory performance. Educators, product developers and fragrance brands might also benefit from such objective neurophysiological measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anshul Jain
- International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc., R&D, Union Beach, NJ, United States
| | - Matthias H. Tabert
- International Flavors & Fragrances, Inc., R&D, Union Beach, NJ, United States
| | - Lucas C. Parra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
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49
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Mamusa M, Sofroniou C, Resta C, Murgia S, Fratini E, Smets J, Baglioni P. Tuning the Encapsulation of Simple Fragrances with an Amphiphilic Graft Copolymer. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:28808-28818. [PMID: 32463649 PMCID: PMC8007072 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The encapsulation of poorly water-soluble compounds such as perfumes, flavors, and bioactive molecules is a key step in the formulation of a large variety of consumer products in the fields of household care and personal care. We study the encapsulation ability of an amphiphilic poly(ethylene glycol)-graft-poly(vinyl acetate) (PEG-g-PVAc) graft copolymer, extending the focus to the entire phase diagram of polymer/perfume/water systems with three common natural fragrances. The three perfume molecules (2-phenyl ethanol, L-carvone, and α-pinene) possess different water affinities, as expressed by their octanol/water partition coefficients. The investigation of the polymorphism of PEG-g-PVAc in these systems is carried out by means of dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, NMR spectroscopy, and confocal laser scanning microscopy. The results presented here demonstrate that the choice of fragrance can dramatically affect the supramolecular structures formed by the polymer in aqueous solution, with important consequences on formulations of industrial interest such as the demixing of complex perfume blends when one or more of the components have no chemical affinity for any of the polymer blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Mamusa
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Constantina Sofroniou
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Claudio Resta
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Chimiche e Geologiche, Università
degli Studi di Cagliari, S.S. 554 Bivio per Sestu, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Emiliano Fratini
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Johan Smets
- The
Procter & Gamble Company, Temselaan 100, 1853 Strombeek-Bever, Belgium
| | - Piero Baglioni
- Department
of Chemistry “Ugo Schiff” and CSGI, University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
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50
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Weeks J, Li AP, Doshi U, Johanning K, Guiney PD. In vitro evaluation of the metabolic stability of nine fragrance chemicals in trout and human hepatocytes. J Appl Toxicol 2020; 40:1421-1434. [PMID: 32488907 DOI: 10.1002/jat.3995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In vitro metabolic stability of nine fragrance chemicals: p-tolyl acetate, cashmeran, ethylene brassylate, celestolide, galaxolide, traseolide, ambretone, tonalide and pentadecanolide, was evaluated in trout and human hepatocytes. The compounds were incubated with trout hepatocytes at 12°C and human hepatocytes at 37°C. Quantification of compound disappearance with time was performed using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. in vivo hepatic intrinsic clearance values were calculated from the in vitro data. Significant metabolism was observed with trout hepatocytes for five of the nine fragrance chemicals, while all nine were metabolized significantly with human hepatocytes. Previously published models were used to examine expected bioaccumulation and persistence in whole organisms. Calculated half-lives due to metabolism of the nine chemicals are significantly shorter for humans than trout: <1 hour and <1 day, respectively. For all chemicals with demonstrated hepatic metabolism, the models indicate a lack of accumulation. For those where metabolism was demonstrated in trout, calculated bioconcentration factors would not be classified as bioaccumulative under prevailing regulatory systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Weeks
- S.C. Johnson and Son, Inc., Racine, Wisconsin, US
| | - Albert P Li
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories LLC, Columbia, Maryland, US
| | - Utkarsh Doshi
- In Vitro ADMET Laboratories LLC, Columbia, Maryland, US.,Altria Client Services LLC, Richmond, Virginia, US
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