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Rajendran K, Bruesewitz M, Swicklik J, Ferrero A, Thorne J, Yu L, McCollough C, Leng S. Task-based automatic keV selection: leveraging routine virtual monoenergetic imaging for dose reduction on clinical photon-counting detector CT . Phys Med Biol 2024; 69:115029. [PMID: 38648795 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ad41b3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Objective. Photon-counting detector (PCD) CT enables routine virtual-monoenergetic image (VMI) reconstruction. We evaluated the performance of an automatic VMI energy level (keV) selection tool on a clinical PCD-CT system in comparison to an automatic tube potential (kV) selection tool from an energy-integrating-detector (EID) CT system from the same manufacturer.Approach.Four torso-shaped phantoms (20-50 cm width) containing iodine (2, 5, and 10 mg cc-1) and calcium (100 mg cc-1) were scanned on PCD-CT and EID-CT. Dose optimization techniques, task-based VMI energy level and tube-potential selection on PCD-CT (CARE keV) and task-based tube potential selection on EID-CT (CARE kV), were enabled. CT numbers, image noise, and dose-normalized contrast-to-noise ratio (CNRd) were compared.Main results. PCD-CT produced task-specific VMIs at 70, 65, 60, and 55 keV for non-contrast, bone, soft tissue with contrast, and vascular settings, respectively. A 120 kV tube potential was automatically selected on PCD-CT for all scans. In comparison, EID-CT used x-ray tube potentials from 80 to 150 kV based on imaging task and phantom size. PCD-CT achieved consistent dose reduction at 9%, 21% and 39% for bone, soft tissue with contrast, and vascular tasks relative to the non-contrast task, independent of phantom size. On EID-CT, dose reduction factor for contrast tasks relative to the non-contrast task ranged from a 65% decrease (vascular task, 70 kV, 20 cm phantom) to a 21% increase (soft tissue with contrast task, 150 kV, 50 cm phantom) due to size-specific tube potential adaptation. PCD-CT CNRdwas equivalent to or higher than those of EID-CT for all tasks and phantom sizes, except for the vascular task with 20 cm phantom, where 70 kV EID-CT CNRdoutperformed 55 keV PCD-CT images.Significance. PCD-CT produced more consistent CT numbers compared to EID-CT due to standardized VMI output, which greatly benefits standardization efforts and facilitates radiation dose reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishore Rajendran
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Michael Bruesewitz
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Joseph Swicklik
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Andrea Ferrero
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Jamison Thorne
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Cynthia McCollough
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Shuai Leng
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America
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Kahraman G, Haberal KM, Ağıldere AM. Establishment of local diagnostic reference levels for computed tomography with cloud-based automated dose-tracking software in Türkiye. Diagn Interv Radiol 2024; 30:205-211. [PMID: 37650522 PMCID: PMC11095070 DOI: 10.4274/dir.2023.232265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to establish local diagnostic reference levels (LDRLs) for computed tomography (CT) procedures using cloud-based automated dose-tracking software. METHODS The study includes the dose data obtained from a total of 104,272 examinations performed on adult patients (>18 years) using 8 CT scanners over 12 months. The protocols included in our study were as follows: head CT without contrast, cervical spine CT without contrast, neck CT with contrast, chest CT without contrast, abdomen-pelvis CT without contrast, lumbar spine CT without contrast, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the chest, and coronary CT angiography (CTA). Dose data were collected using cloud-based automatic dose-tracking software. The 75th percentiles of the distributions of the median volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) values were used to determine the LDRLs for each protocol. The LDRLs were compared with national DRLs (NDRLs) and DRLs set in other countries. Inter-CT scanner variability, which is a measure of how well clinical practices are standardized, was determined for each protocol. Median values for each protocol were compared with the LDRLs for dose optimization in each CT scanner. RESULTS The LDRLs (for DLP and CTDIvol, respectively) were 839 mGy.cm and 41.2 mGy for head CT without contrast, 530.6 mGy.cm and 19.8 mGy for cervical spine CT without contrast, 431.9 mGy.cm and 15.5 mGy for neck CT with contrast, 364.8 mGy.cm and 9.3 mGy for chest CT without contrast, 588.9 mGy. cm and 11.2 mGy for abdomen-pelvis CT without contrast, 713 mGy.cm and 24.3 mGy for lumbar spine CT without contrast, 326 mGy.cm and 9.5 mGy for HRCT, and 642.3 mGy.cm and 33.4 mGy for coronary CTA. The LDRLs were comparable to or lower than NDRLs and DRLs set in other countries for most protocols. The comparisons revealed the need for immediate initiation of an optimization process for CT protocols with higher dose distributions. Furthermore, protocols with high inter-CT scanner variability revealed the need for standardization. CONCLUSION There is a need to update the NDRLs for CT protocols in Turkey. Until new NDRLs are established, local institutions in Turkey can initiate the optimization process by comparing their dose distributions to the LDRLs established in our study. Automated dose-tracking software can play an important role in establishing DRLs by facilitating the collection and analysis of large datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Kahraman
- Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Kemal Murat Haberal
- Başkent University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Türkiye
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Mihailidis DN, Stratis A, Gingold E, Carlson R, DeForest W, Gray J, Lally MT, Pizzutiello R, Rong J, Spelic D, Hilohi MC, Massoth R. AAPM Task Group Report 261: Comprehensive quality control methodology and management of dental and maxillofacial cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems. Med Phys 2024; 51:3134-3164. [PMID: 38285566 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) systems specifically designed and manufactured for dental, maxillofacial imaging (MFI) and otolaryngology (OLR) applications have been commercially available in the United States since 2001 and have been in widespread clinical use since. Until recently, there has been a lack of professional guidance available for medical physicists about how to assess and evaluate the performance of these systems and about the establishment and management of quality control (QC) programs. The owners and users of dental CBCT systems may have only a rudimentary understanding of this technology, including how it differs from conventional multidetector CT (MDCT) in terms of acceptable radiation safety practices. Dental CBCT systems differ from MDCT in several ways and these differences are described. This report provides guidance to medical physicists and serves as a basis for stakeholders to make informed decisions regarding how to manage and develop a QC program for dental CBCT systems. It is important that a medical physicist with experience in dental CBCT serves as a resource on this technology and the associated radiation protection best practices. The medical physicist should be involved at the pre-installation stage to ensure that a CBCT room configuration allows for a safe and efficient workflow and that structural shielding, if needed, is designed into the architectural plans. Acceptance testing of new installations should include assessment of mechanical alignment of patient positioning lasers and x-ray beam collimation and benchmarking of essential image quality performance parameters such as image uniformity, noise, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), spatial resolution, and artifacts. Several approaches for quantifying radiation output from these systems are described, including simply measuring the incident air-kerma (Kair) at the entrance surface of the image receptor. These measurements are to be repeated at least annually as part of routine QC by the medical physicist. QC programs for dental CBCT, at least in the United States, are often driven by state regulations, accreditation program requirements, or manufacturer recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris N Mihailidis
- University of Pennsylvania, Perelman Center for Advanced Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | | | - Eric Gingold
- Department of Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ray Carlson
- Radiological Physics Services, Inc, Plymouth, Michigan, USA
| | | | | | - Mary T Lally
- Intersocietal Accreditation Commission, Ellicott City, Maryland, USA
| | | | - John Rong
- Department of Imaging Physics, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David Spelic
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Device and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Mike C Hilohi
- Food and Drug Administration, Center for Device and Radiological Health, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Richard Massoth
- Sunflower Medical Physics, LLC, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA
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McLean D, Delfino O, Vozzo M, Moorin R. Estimation of maternal and foetal risk of radiation-induced cancer from a survey of computed tomography pulmonary angiography and ventilation/perfusion lung scanning for diagnosing pulmonary embolism during pregnancy. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38687690 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION While there are many papers on maternal and foetal radiation doses from computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) and ventilation/perfusion (V/Q) lung scanning examinations for diagnosing pulmonary embolism in pregnant patients, few have used clinical data to examine the patient lifetime attributable risk (LAR) of different cancer types. This paper aims to estimate the cancer risk from maternal radiation doses from CTPA and V/Q examinations and associated foetal doses. METHODS Dosimetric data were determined for 267 pregnant patients who received CTPA and/or V/Q examinations over 8 years. Organ and foetal doses were determined using software allowing patient size variations for CTPA and using two different activity-to-organ dose conversion methods for V/Q scans. The LAR of cancer incidence was estimated using International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) modelling including estimates of detriment. RESULTS Estimated total cancer incidence was 23 and 22 cases per 100,000 for CTPA and V/Q examinations, respectively, with detriment estimates of 18 and 20 cases. Cancer incidence was evenly divided between lung and breast cancer for CTPA with lung cancer being 80% of all cancer for V/Q. The median foetal doses were 0.03 mSv for CTPA and 0.29 mSv for V/Q. Significant differences in estimated foetal dose for V/Q scans were obtained by the two different methods used. The differences in dose between the modes of CTPA scan acquisition highlight the importance of optimisation. CONCLUSION Maternal cancer incidence and detriment were remarkably similar for each examination. Optimisation of examinations is critical for low-dose outcomes, particularly for CTPA examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donald McLean
- Medical Physics and Radiation Engineering, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Olivia Delfino
- Medical Physics and Radiation Engineering, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Marie Vozzo
- Medical Physics and Radiation Engineering, Canberra Health Services, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia
| | - Rachael Moorin
- Discipline of Health Economics & Data Analytics, Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
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Yang F, Gao L. Age-based diagnostic reference levels and achievable doses for paediatric CT: a survey in Shanghai, China. J Radiol Prot 2024; 44:021509. [PMID: 38599187 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/ad3ce5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Computed tomography (CT) is extensively utilised in medical diagnostics due to its notable radiographic superiority. However, the cancer risk associated with CT examinations, particularly in children, is of significant concern. The assessment of cancer risk relies on the radiation dose to examinees. Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) and achievable doses (ADs) were used to assess the level of radiation dose in CT examinations widely. Although the national DRLs of paediatric CT have been explored in China, few local DRLs at the city level have been assessed. To set up the local DRLs and ADs of paediatric CT, we investigated the radiation dose level for paediatric CT in Shanghai. In this survey, a total of 3061 paediatric CT examinations underwent in Shanghai in 2022 were selected by stratified sampling, and the dose levels in terms of volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and the dose-length product (DLP) were analysed by 4 age groups. The DRLs and ADs were set at the 75th and 50th percentile of the distribution and compared with the previous studies at home and abroad. The survey results revealed that, for head scan, the DRLs of CTDIvolwere from 25 to 46 mGy, and the levels of DLP were from 340 to 663 mGy·cm. For chest, the DRLs of CTDIvolwere from 2.2 to 8.3 mGy, and the levels of DLP were from 42 to 223 mGy·cm. For abdomen, the DRLs of CTDIvolwere from 6.3 to 16 mGy, and the levels of DLP were from 181 to 557 mGy·cm. The ADs were about 60% lower than their corresponding DRLs. The levels of radiation doses in children-based hospitals were higher than those in other medical institutions (P< 0.001). In conclusion, there was still potential for reducing radiation dose of paediatric CT, emphasising the urgent need for optimising paediatric CT dose in Shanghai.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanqiaochu Yang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Linfeng Gao
- Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control & Prevention, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Nocum DJ, Liang EY. Retrospective case-control study on radiation dose for uterine artery embolization procedures. J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2024. [PMID: 38591152 DOI: 10.1111/1754-9485.13653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Uterine artery embolization is performed in pre-menopausal women. Understanding the contribution of radiation dose at each stage of the procedure is important for potential dose reduction. The aim was to retrospectively analyse radiation dose on a per-procedural-stage basis, comparing digital subtraction angiography (DSA) and conventional roadmap (CRM). METHODS Group A consisted of 50 patients where DSA was used for road mapping at all stages: (I) Aortogram, (II) Left internal iliac artery (IIA) DSA, (III) Left uterine artery (UA) DSA, (IV) Right IIA DSA and (V) Right UA DSA. Group B included 50 patients, where CRM was used for road mapping at stages (II) and (IV). RESULTS For Group A, mean total dose-area product (DAP) was 39.7 Gy·cm2; mean DAP for each stage were (I) Aortogram = 3.4 Gy·cm2, (II) Left IIA DSA = 5.9 Gy·cm2, (III) Left UA DSA = 3.2 Gy·cm2, (IV) Right IIA DSA = 5.5 Gy·cm2 and (V) Right UA DSA = 3.0 Gy·cm2. For Group B, mean total DAP was 33.6 Gy·cm2, mean DAP for each stage were (I) Aortogram = 3.3 Gy·cm2, (II) Left IIA CRM = 1.5 Gy·cm2, (III) Left UA DSA = 3.3 Gy·cm2, (IV) Right IIA CRM = 1.5 Gy·cm2 and (V) Right UA DSA = 3.3 Gy·cm2. Fluoroscopy time was 10 and 9.4 min for Groups A and B, respectively. CONCLUSION The highest road-mapping radiation dose contribution was from bilateral IIA DSA. The use of CRM, intermittent fluoroscopy and elimination of the aortogram is recommended to further reduce procedural radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Don J Nocum
- Discipline of Medical Imaging Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Sydney School of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eisen Y Liang
- SAN Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Sydney Fibroid Clinic, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Deng L, Shayan G, Jiang W, Bi N, Wang L. Phase III, multicenter, randomized trial of 45 Gy versus 30 Gy thoracic radiation for extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC): Study protocol. Thorac Cancer 2024; 15:938-943. [PMID: 38426233 PMCID: PMC11016412 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.15263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consolidative thoracic radiotherapy (cTRT) has previously shown benefit to patients with extensive stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) who respond to chemotherapy. However, the optimum dose of cTRT is unknown. The purpose of this randomized trial is to compare the efficacy of 45 Gy in 15 fractions with 30 Gy in 10 fractions cTRT in ES-SCLC. METHODS This phase III, multicenter, randomized trial is designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of different cTRT dose in ES-SCLC. Eligible patients with pathologically confirmed ES-SCLC who responded to 4-6 cycles of etoposide plus cisplatin (EP) or carboplatin (EC) chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive either 30 Gy in 10 fractions (standard dose) or 45 Gy in 15 fractions (high dose) cTRT. The primary endpoint is 2-year overall survival (OS). Secondary endpoints include 2-year progression-free survival (PFS), 2-year local control (LC) and treatment related toxicity as measured by adverse events according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (version 4.0). DISCUSSION The present study is the first randomized phase III trial designed to evaluate the efficacy of higher versus lower dose cTRT in ES-SCLC, providing evidence for future clinical practice in prolonging survival of patients with ES-SCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Deng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Gulidanna Shayan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Nan Bi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Luhua Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital and Shenzhen HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Mishra S, Mishra S, Regmi S, Gupta V. A comparative study of low voltage, low contrast cerebral computed tomography angiography with iterative reconstruction and conventional cerebral computed tomography angiography. Neuroradiol J 2024; 37:221-228. [PMID: 38148622 DOI: 10.1177/19714009231224412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cerebral computed tomography angiography (CTA) has revolutionized the diagnosis of neurovascular emergencies. Strategies to reduce radiation, a concern for cancer, involve tube voltage and current reduction but with increased noise and inferior image quality. Hence, the objective of the study was to evaluate the quality of images obtained through low-dose radiation and low-contrast volume CTA with an iterative reconstruction (IR) technique versus standard CTA without IR. METHODS This prospective trial involved 100 adults requiring cerebral CTA for cerebrovascular diseases. They were split into two groups: one with 120 kVp tube voltage and 80 mL contrast using filtered back projection, and the other with 80 kVp and 30 mL contrast with IR. Evaluation criteria included attenuation values, signal-to-noise ratio, contrast-to-noise ratio, and subjective assessments. RESULTS Compared to 120 kVp, 80 kVp showed higher vessel attenuation in the internal (272.91 ± 30.59 vs 405.52 ± 53.08; p < .001) and middle cerebral artery (247.55 ± 29.84 vs 372.55 ± 49.02; p < .001) regions. Brain parenchymal attenuation at the centrum semiovale was lower with 80 kVp (29.12 ± 1.87 vs 24.78 ± 2.94; p < .001), accompanied by higher noise. Signal-to-noise ratio (p < .001) and contrast-to-noise ratio (p < .05) were lower at 80 kVp. Image quality didn't significantly differ, and radiation exposure reduced significantly by 70% in the 80 kVp group, suggesting its diagnostic feasibility. CONCLUSIONS The 80 kVp protocol for CTA of the cerebral vessels combined with lower contrast volume produces images with similar image quality with significant radiation effective dose and total iodine dose reduction. The 80 kVp protocol holds significant promise for replacing the standard 120 kVp protocol in cerebral CTA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurav Mishra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Vayodha Hospital, Nepal
| | - Sandeep Mishra
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neuro-intervention, Neo Multispecialty Hospital, India
| | - Sabina Regmi
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive care, Neo Multispecialty Hospital, India
| | - Vivek Gupta
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Imaging, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, India
- Department of Neuro-interventional Radiology, Fortis Hospital, India
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Mutlu D, Rempakos A, Alexandrou M, Al-Ogaili A, Rangan BV, Mastrodemos OC, Sandoval Y, Burke MN, Brilakis ES. Radiation dose during contemporary percutaneous coronary interventions for chronic total occlusion: insights from the PROGRESS-CTO registry. J Invasive Cardiol 2024; 36. [PMID: 38412437 DOI: 10.25270/jic/23.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Chronic total occlusion (CTO) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is associated with high radiation doses. In this manuscript, we examined the contemporary trends and determinants of radiation dose in the PROGRESS CTO (Prospective Global Registry for the Study of CTO Intervention; Clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT02061436) registry. Radiation dose during CTO PCI did not change significantly since 2020, highlighting the need for innovation and operator education to further maintain radiation safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Mutlu
- From the Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Athanasios Rempakos
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Michaella Alexandrou
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Ahmed Al-Ogaili
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Bavana V Rangan
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Olga C Mastrodemos
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Yader Sandoval
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - M Nicholas Burke
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emmanouil S Brilakis
- Minneapolis Heart Institute and Minneapolis Heart Institute Foundation, Abbott Northwestern Hospital, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
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Fan M, Zhou Z, McCollough C, Yu L. Channelized hotelling observer-based low-contrast detectability on the ACR CT accreditation phantom: Part II. Repeatability study. Med Phys 2024; 51:1714-1725. [PMID: 38305692 PMCID: PMC10939955 DOI: 10.1002/mp.16961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Objective and quantitative evaluation for low-contrast detectability that correlates with human observer performance is lacking for routine CT quality control testing. Channelized Hotelling observer (CHO) is considered a strong candidate to fill the need but has long been deemed impractical to implement due to its requirement of a large number of repeated scans in order to provide accurate and precise estimates of index of detectability (d'). In our previous work, we optimized a CHO model observer on the American College of Radiology (ACR) CT accreditation phantom and achieved accurate measurement of d' with only 1-3 repeat scans. PURPOSE In this work, we aim to validate the repeatability of the proposed CHO-based low-contrast evaluation on four scanner models using the ACR CT accreditation phantom. METHODS The repeatability test was performed on four different scanners from two major CT manufacturers: Siemens Force and Alpha; Canon Prism and Prime SP. An ACR CT phantom was scanned 10 times, each time after repositioning of the phantom. For each repositioning, 3 repeated scans were acquired at 24, 12, and 6 mGy on all four scanner models. CHO was applied at the measured dose levels for different low-contrast object sizes (4-6 mm). The CHO was also applied to images created using deep learning-based reconstructions on Canon Prism and to four different scan/reconstruction modes on the Siemens Alpha, a photon-counting-detector (PCD)-CT. The repeatability was evaluated by the probability that a measurement would fall within the ±15% tolerance (P<15% ). RESULTS With the CHO setting optimized for the ACR phantom and the use of 3 repeated scans and 9 non-overlapping slices per scan, the CHO measurement could provide high repeatability with P<15% of 98.8%-99.9% at 12 mGy with IR reconstruction on all four scanners. On scanner A, P<15% were 91.5%-99.9% at the three dose levels and for all three object sizes while the numbers were 93.6%-99.998% on scanner B. P<15% were 96.5%-97.2% for the two deep learning reconstructions and 97.0%-99.97% for the four scan/reconstruction modes on the PCD-CT. CONCLUSION The CHO provided highly repeatable measurements with over 95% probability that a CHO measurement would lie within the ±15% tolerance for most of the dose levels and object sizes on the ACR phantom. The repeatability was maintained when the CHO was applied to images created with a commercial deep learning-based reconstruction and various scan/reconstruction modes on a PCD-CT. This study demonstrates that practical implementation of CHO for routine quality control and performance evaluation is feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingdong Fan
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | | | - Lifeng Yu
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
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Jegede OA, Olaoye MA, Olagbaju PO, Makinde V, Badawy WM. Radiation risk assessment of quarry pit soil as construction material in Abeokuta, Nigeria: implications for environmental and public health. Isotopes Environ Health Stud 2024; 60:90-102. [PMID: 37997342 DOI: 10.1080/10256016.2023.2285002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTEnvironmental and health risks posed by radionuclides in quarry pit soils are of great concern in environmental health monitoring. The current investigation was aimed at determining the natural radionuclide activity concentration (in Bq kg-1) of the understudied quarry pit granules used as construction materials. The collection and preparation of pit soil samples from Abeokuta quarry sites were done using standard methods, analysis of radiological parameters was carried out using hyperpure germanium (HPGe) spectrometer. Specific activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were measured. The values obtained were greater than the world weighted average of 35, 30, and 400 Bq kg-1 for 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K, respectively. The absorbed dose, the annual effective dose, and the radium equivalent were calculated and demonstrated significant values. The radionuclide content of the samples is relatively high and the use of pit soils as a building material, therefore, raises radiological concerns for dwellers in this area and requires periodic monitoring and undergoing a radiation protection program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwaseyi A Jegede
- Center of Applied Radiation Science and Technology, North West University, Mahikeng Campus, South Africa
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Morohunfoluwa A Olaoye
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Lagos State University, Ojo, Nigeria
| | - Peter O Olagbaju
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
- Department of Physics, North West University, Mahikeng Campus, South Africa
| | - Victor Makinde
- Department of Physics, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Nigeria
| | - Wael M Badawy
- Radiation Protection and Civil Defense Department, Nuclear Research Center, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
- Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics, Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russian Federation
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Al‐Murshedi S, Alzyoud K, Benhalim M, Alresheedi N, Papathanasiou S, England A. Effects of body part thickness on low-contrast detail detection and radiation dose during adult chest radiography. J Med Radiat Sci 2024; 71:85-90. [PMID: 38050453 PMCID: PMC10920928 DOI: 10.1002/jmrs.741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Differences in patient size often provide challenges for radiographers, particularly when choosing the optimum acquisition parameters to obtain radiographs with acceptable image quality (IQ) for diagnosis. This study aimed to assess the effect of body part thickness on IQ in terms of low-contrast detail (LCD) detection and radiation dose when undertaking adult chest radiography (CXR). METHODS This investigation made use of a contrast detail (CD) phantom. Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) was utilised to approximate varied body part thicknesses (9, 11, 15 and 17 cm) simulating underweight, standard, overweight and obese patients, respectively. Different tube potentials were tested against a fixed 180 cm source to image distance (SID) and automatic exposure control (AEC). IQ was analysed using bespoke software thus providing an image quality figure inverse (IQFinv ) value which represents LCD detectability. Dose area product (DAP) was utilised to represent the radiation dose. RESULTS IQFinv values decreased statistically (P = 0.0001) with increasing phantom size across all tube potentials studied. The highest IQFinv values were obtained at 80 kVp for all phantom thicknesses (2.29, 2.02, 1.8 and 1.65, respectively). Radiation dose increased statistically (P = 0.0001) again with increasing phantom thicknesses. CONCLUSION Our findings demonstrate that lower tube potentials provide the highest IQFinv scores for various body part thicknesses. This is not consistent with professional practice because radiographers frequently raise the tube potential with increased part thickness. Higher tube potentials did result in radiation dose reductions. Establishing a balance between dose and IQ, which must be acceptable for diagnosis, can prevent the patient from receiving unnecessary additional radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadeq Al‐Murshedi
- College of Health and Medical TechnologyAL‐Zahraa University for WomenKarbalaIraq
- Physics Department, College of Education for Pure ScienceUniversity of BabylonBabilIraq
| | - Kholoud Alzyoud
- Department of Medical Imaging, Faculty of Applied Health scienceThe Hashemite UniversityZarqaJordan
| | | | - Nadi Alresheedi
- Department of General studies, Royal Commission for Jubail and YanbuYanbu Industrial CollegeYanbuKingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Gao L, Wei R, Qin S, Tian Y, Xia W, Song Y, Wang S, Fang H, Tang Y, Jing H, Liu Y, Tang Y, Qi S, Chen B, Li Y, Xing N, Lu N. Adaptive ultra-hypofractionated whole-pelvic radiotherapy in high-risk and very high-risk prostate cancer on 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac: Estimated delivered dose and early toxicity results. Chronic Dis Transl Med 2024; 10:51-61. [PMID: 38450305 PMCID: PMC10914013 DOI: 10.1002/cdt3.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Magnetic resonance (MR)-guided ultra-hypofractionated radiotherapy with whole-pelvic irradiation (UHF-WPRT) is a novel approach to radiotherapy for patients with high-risk (HR) and very high-risk (VHR) prostate cancer (PCa). However, the inherent complexity of adaptive UHF-WPRT might inevitably result in longer on-couch time. We aimed to estimate the delivered dose, study the feasibility and safety of adaptive UHF-WPRT on a 1.5-Tesla MR-Linac. Methods Ten patients with clinical stage T3a-4N0-1M0-1c PCa, who consecutively received UHF-WPRT, were enrolled prospectively. The contours of the target and organ-at-risks on the position verification-MR (PV-MR), beam-on 3D-MR(Bn-MR), and post-MR (after radiotherapy delivery) were derived from the pre-MR data by deformable image registration. The physician then manually adjusted them, and dose recalculation was performed accordingly. GraphPad Prism 9 (GraphPad Prism Software Inc.) was utilized for conducting statistical analyses. Results In total, we collected 188 MR scans (50 pre-MR, 50 PV-MR, 44 Bn-MR, and 44 post-MR scans). With median 59 min, the mean prostate clinical target volume (CTV)-V100% was 98.59% ± 2.74%, and the mean pelvic CTVp-V100% relative percentages of all scans was 99.60% ± 1.18%. The median V29 Gy change in the rectal wall was -2% (-18% to 20%). With a median follow-up of 9 months, no patient had acute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) grade 2 or more severe genitourinary (GU) or gastrointestinal (GI) toxicities (0%). Conclusion UHF-RT to the prostate and the whole pelvis with concomitant boost to positive nodes using an Adapt-To-Shape (ATS) workflow was technically feasible for patients with HR and VHR PCa, presenting only mild GU and GI toxicities. The estimated target dose during the beam-on phase was clinically acceptable based on the 3D-MR-based dosimetry analysis. Clinical trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000033382.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linrui Gao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ran Wei
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shirui Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Tian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Wenlong Xia
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yongwen Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shulian Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hui Fang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yu Tang
- GCP Center/Clinical Research Center, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Hao Jing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yueping Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yuan Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Shunan Qi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Yexiong Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Nianzeng Xing
- Department of Urology, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
| | - Ningning Lu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina
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Villamizar-Martinez LA, Losey J. Assessment of the Occupational Radiation Dose from a Handheld Portable X-ray Unit During Full-mouth Intraoral Dental Radiographs in the Dog and the Cat - A Pilot Study. J Vet Dent 2024; 41:106-113. [PMID: 37221884 DOI: 10.1177/08987564231175596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Occupational radiation protection is an important consideration in small animal clinics world-wide. With the increased use of portable handheld X-ray devices in veterinary dentistry, concerns related to occupational radiation protection are being raised. Annual occupational dose limits for dental workers are expressed as Total Dose Equivalent (TDE) or Effective Dose. The permitted TDE can vary depending on the anatomical region, ranging from 50 millisieverts (mSv) for the external whole body exposure dose to 500 mSv for external exposure of the skin or an extremity. Although several studies have been performed in human dentistry to establish the amount of backscatter radiation produced using portable handheld X-ray devices, no similar research has been conducted in veterinary dentistry. This study aimed to determine the TDE while acquiring a full mouth intraoral radiograph set in dogs and cats and to estimate the TDE for a handheld X-ray device's operator. For this, the backscatter radiation dose recorded by three sets of monitoring dosimeters located in strategic anatomical areas of the operator was assessed after taking one hundred intraoral radiographs in each group. The study concluded that the backscatter radiation levels were far below the permitted annual occupational doses in the three patient groups of this study. Even though the portable handheld X-ray unit was demonstrated to be a safe dental radiographic unit regarding backscattering radiation, the operator's eye, ovary, and breast regions were exposed to unnecessary radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenin A Villamizar-Martinez
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery Service, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Jeannie Losey
- Dentistry and Oral Surgery Service, Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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Kaatsch HL, Fulisch F, Dillinger D, Kubitscheck L, Becker BV, Piechotka J, Brockmann MA, Froelich MF, Schoenberg SO, Overhoff D, Waldeck S. Ultra-low-dose photon-counting CT of paranasal sinus: an in vivo comparison of radiation dose and image quality to cone-beam CT. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 2024; 53:103-108. [PMID: 38330501 DOI: 10.1093/dmfr/twad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the differences in subjective and objective image parameters as well as dose exposure of photon-counting CT (PCCT) compared to cone-beam CT (CBCT) in paranasal sinus imaging for the assessment of rhinosinusitis and sinonasal anatomy. METHODS This single-centre retrospective study included 100 patients, who underwent either clinically indicated PCCT or CBCT of the paranasal sinus. Two blinded experienced ENT radiologists graded image quality and delineation of specific anatomical structures on a 5-point Likert scale. In addition, contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and applied radiation doses were compared among both techniques. RESULTS Image quality and delineation of bone structures in paranasal sinus PCCT was subjectively rated superior by both readers compared to CBCT (P < .001). CNR was significantly higher for photon-counting CT (P < .001). Mean effective dose for PCCT examinations was significantly lower than for CBCT (0.038 mSv ± 0.009 vs. 0.14 mSv ± 0.011; P < .001). CONCLUSION In a performance comparison of PCCT and a modern CBCT scanner in paranasal sinus imaging, we demonstrated that first-use PCCT in clinical routine provides higher subjective image quality accompanied by higher CNR at close to a quarter of the dose exposure compared to CBCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanns Leonhard Kaatsch
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
| | - Florian Fulisch
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
| | - Daniel Dillinger
- Department of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Surgery, Bundeswehr Central Hospital, Koblenz 56072, Germany
| | - Laura Kubitscheck
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
- Bundeswehr Institute of Radiobiology affiliated to Ulm University, Munich 80937, Germany
| | - Benjamin V Becker
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Joel Piechotka
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
| | - Marc A Brockmann
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Matthias F Froelich
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Daniel Overhoff
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Mannheim 68167, Germany
| | - Stephan Waldeck
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, Bundeswehr Central Hospital Koblenz, Koblenz 56072, Germany
- Department of Neuroradiology, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz 55131, Germany
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Asfora VK, Freitas MB, Medeiros RB, Schelin HR, Yagui A, Oliveira MVL, Leite LMSA, Lopez GA, Roberto MRS, Gagetti FL, Souza PHO, Vargas B, Denyak VV, Khoury HJ. An Approach to Establishing Diagnostic Reference Levels in Interventional Pediatric Cardiology from Different Regions of Brazil. Children (Basel) 2024; 11:200. [PMID: 38397312 PMCID: PMC10887576 DOI: 10.3390/children11020200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are a pivotal strategy to be implemented since pediatric interventional cardiology procedures are increasing. This work aimed to propose an initial set of Brazilian DRLs for pediatric interventional diagnostic and therapeutic (D&T) procedures. A retrospective study was carried out in four Brazilian states, distributed across the three regions of the country. Data were collected from pediatric patients undergoing cardiac interventional procedures (CIPs), including their age and anthropometric characteristics, and at least four parameters (number of images, exposure time, air kerma-area product-PKA, and cumulative air kerma). Data from 279 patients undergoing CIPs were gathered (147 diagnostic and 132 therapeutic procedures). There were no significant differences in exposure time and the number of images between the D&T procedures. A wide range of PKA was observed when the therapeutic procedures were compared to diagnostics for all age groups. There were significant differences between the D&T procedures, whether grouping data by patient weight or age. In terms of cumulative air kerma, it was noted that no value exceeded the level to trigger a monitoring process for patients. This study shows that it is possible to adopt them as the first proposal to establish national DRLs considering pediatric patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane K. Asfora
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-540, Brazil; (V.K.A.); (L.M.S.A.L.); (M.R.S.R.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Marcelo B. Freitas
- Departamento de Biofísica, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Regina B. Medeiros
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina (Cardiologia), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04024-002, Brazil;
| | - Hugo R. Schelin
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-209, Brazil; (H.R.S.); (A.Y.); (B.V.)
| | - Akemi Yagui
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-209, Brazil; (H.R.S.); (A.Y.); (B.V.)
| | - Marcus V. L. Oliveira
- Departamento de Tecnologia em Saúde e Biologia, Instituto Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40301-015, Brazil; (M.V.L.O.); (G.A.L.)
| | - Luiz M. S. A. Leite
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-540, Brazil; (V.K.A.); (L.M.S.A.L.); (M.R.S.R.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Guillermo A. Lopez
- Departamento de Tecnologia em Saúde e Biologia, Instituto Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40301-015, Brazil; (M.V.L.O.); (G.A.L.)
| | - Maryanna R. S. Roberto
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-540, Brazil; (V.K.A.); (L.M.S.A.L.); (M.R.S.R.); (H.J.K.)
| | - Fabio L. Gagetti
- Programa de Residência em Física Médica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (F.L.G.); (P.H.O.S.)
| | - Pablo H. O. Souza
- Programa de Residência em Física Médica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, Brazil; (F.L.G.); (P.H.O.S.)
| | - Bruna Vargas
- Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba 80250-209, Brazil; (H.R.S.); (A.Y.); (B.V.)
| | - Valeriy V. Denyak
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 80230-901, Brazil;
| | - Helen J. Khoury
- Departamento de Energia Nuclear, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50740-540, Brazil; (V.K.A.); (L.M.S.A.L.); (M.R.S.R.); (H.J.K.)
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Sharma AK, Kalonia A, Kumar R, Kirti, Shaw P, Yashvarddhan MH, Vibhuti A, Shukla SK. Alleviation of radiation combined skin injury in rat model by topical application of ascorbate formulation. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:689-708. [PMID: 38306495 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2310016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This research endeavor was undertaken to elucidate the impact of an innovative ascorbate formulation on the regeneration process of full-thickness excision wounds in a rat model exposed to whole-body gamma irradiation, replicating conditions akin to combat or radiation emergency scenarios. MATERIALS AND METHODS We established a comprehensive rat model by optimizing whole body γ-radiation doses (5-9 Gy) and full-thickness excision wound sizes (1-3 cm2) to mimic radiation combined injury (RCI). The developed RCI model was used to explore the healing potential of ascorbate formulation. The study includes various treatment groups (i.e., sham control, radiation alone, wound alone, radiation + wound, and radiation + wound + formulation). The ascorbate formulation was applied twice daily, with a 12-hour gap between each application, starting 1 hour after the initiation of the wound. The healing potential of the formulation in the RCI context was evaluated over 14 days through hematological, molecular, and histological parameters. RESULTS The combination of a 5 Gy radiation dose and a 1 cm2 wound was identified as the optimal setting to develop the RCI model for subsequent studies. The formulation was used topically immediately following RCI, and then twice daily until complete healing. Treatment with the ascorbate formulation yielded noteworthy outcomes and led to a substantial reduction (p < .05) in the wound area, accelerated epithelialization periods, and an increased wound contraction rate. The formulation's localized healing response improved organ weights, normalized blood parameters, and enhanced hematopoietic and immune systems. A gene expression study revealed the treatment up-regulated TGF-β and FGF, and down-regulated PDGF-α, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, MIP-1α, and MCP-1 (p < .05). Histopathological assessments supported the formulation's effectiveness in restoring cellular architecture and promoting tissue regeneration. CONCLUSION Topical application of the ascorbate formulation in RCI resulted in a significant improvement in delayed wound healing, leading to accelerated wound closure by mitigating the expression of inflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar Sharma
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Aman Kalonia
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Rishav Kumar
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Kirti
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Shaw
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - M H Yashvarddhan
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
| | - Arpana Vibhuti
- Department of Biotechnology, SRM University, Sonipat, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar Shukla
- Defence Research and Development Organization, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences, Timarpur, New Delhi, India
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Zaman MU. Comparing Radiation Doses in CBCT and Medical CT Imaging for Dental Applications. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2024; 16:S883-S885. [PMID: 38595575 PMCID: PMC11001137 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1077_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background We are always concerned about radiation exposure during dental imaging procedures. We explore the crucial differences in radiation doses between Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) and Medical computed tomography (CT) imaging, aiming to shed light on the safety and efficiency of these techniques. Materials and Methods In this study, we conducted a comprehensive analysis using state-of-the-art dental imaging equipment. We employed phantoms that simulated real dental scenarios, ensuring accuracy in our measurements. The radiation doses were measured with precision dosimeters, and various exposure settings were tested to obtain a comprehensive dataset. Results Our findings reveal substantial differences in radiation doses between CBCT and Medical CT for dental applications. In the case of CBCT, the average effective dose was found to be approximately 100 microsieverts (μSv), making it a preferable choice for routine dental imaging. Medical CT, on the other hand, yielded significantly higher radiation exposure, with an average effective dose exceeding 500 μSv, emphasizing its need for specific clinical scenarios. Conclusion In conclusion, the choice between CBCT and Medical CT for dental applications should be made with careful consideration of radiation dose implications. CBCT emerges as the safer and more efficient option for routine dental imaging, offering a lower radiation burden to patients while still delivering high-quality diagnostic images. However, Medical CT may be necessary for specialized cases where the additional radiation risk is justified by diagnostic requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmud U. Zaman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam Bin Abdullaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
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Tian X, Chang Z, Dilixiati S, Haimiti Y, Wang S, Sun J. Optimizing image quality and minimizing radiation dose in pediatric abdominal multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography: a study on CARE kV and CARE Dose 4D. Quant Imaging Med Surg 2024; 14:1985-1993. [PMID: 38415123 PMCID: PMC10895141 DOI: 10.21037/qims-23-1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Background Multiphase contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) is a commonly used modality in pediatric computed tomography (CT) scans. However, the purposes and focus of each phase, such as CT angiography (CTA), and parenchymal phase, are different. In routine practice, the same scanning parameters are used for all phases, resulting in unnecessary radiation exposure for children. Accurately and rapidly adjusting the scanning parameters for each phase of CECT is challenging in clinical settings. This retrospective cross-sectional study was designed to investigate the feasibility of using both CARE kV and CARE Dose 4D to reduce the radiation dose while maintaining diagnostic quality in multiphase CECT scans of children. Methods Overall, 57 children (33 males and 24 females) who underwent multiphase abdominal CECT in Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital with an average age of 6.52±4.30 years (range, 0.1-15 years), were enrolled. The tube voltage was automatically modulated using CARE kV. The tube current was automatically modulated using CARE Dose 4D. Different dose saving optimization indices (DI) were used for the three phases: a DI value of 3 was used for the unenhanced CT phase, a DI value of 12 was used for the CTA phase, and a DI value of 7 was used for the parenchymal phase. The tube voltage and volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) were recorded for each phase. Two reviewers subjectively evaluated the overall image quality and noise level of the three phases using a 5-point Likert scale (1-2 points: unqualified, 3 points: qualified, 4 points: better, 5 points: best). The CT and noise values of the descending aorta, liver, and back muscle were measured objectively. The voltage distribution and the image quality and CTDIvol in each phase were compared. Results The most selected tube voltage in the unenhanced CT, CTA, and parenchymal phases was 100 kV (49/57, 85.96%), 70 kV (36/57, 63.16%), and 80 kV (32/57, 56.14%), respectively. The differences between the three phases were statistically significant (P<0.001). The CTDIvol values of the three phases were 3.99±1.99, 2.02±1.71, and 3.18±2.10 mGy, respectively, with a significant difference between the three phases (P<0.001). The CTDIvol decreased linearly as the DI value increased. All images met the diagnostic requirements. The overall quality scores for the three phases were 4.24±0.42, 4.41±0.49, and 4.50±0.45, respectively, with no significant linear relationship with the change in the DI. Conclusions The combined use of CARE Dose 4D and CARE kV could effectively reduce the radiation dose in children during multiphase abdominal CECT without compromising the diagnostic image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Tian
- Medical Imaging Department, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhenjiang Chang
- Medical Imaging Department, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Subinuer Dilixiati
- Medical Imaging Department, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Yilisuyaer Haimiti
- Medical Imaging Department, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Shui Wang
- Medical Imaging Department, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Jihang Sun
- Medical Imaging Department, Children’s Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hospital of Beijing Children’s Hospital, Urumqi, China
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China
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20
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Gao K, Ma ZP, Zhang TL, Liu YW, Zhao YX. Comparative study of abdominal CT enhancement in overweight and obese patients based on different scanning modes combined with different contrast medium concentrations. J Xray Sci Technol 2024:XST230327. [PMID: 38217636 DOI: 10.3233/xst-230327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare image quality, iodine intake, and radiation dose in overweight and obese patients undergoing abdominal computed tomography (CT) enhancement using different scanning modes and contrast medium. METHODS Ninety overweight and obese patients (25 kg/m2≤body mass index (BMI)< 30 kg/m2 and BMI≥30 kg/m2) who underwent abdominal CT-enhanced examinations were randomized into three groups (A, B, and C) of 30 each and scanned using gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) +320 mgI/ml, 100 kVp + 370 mgI/ml, and 120 kVp + 370 mgI/ml, respectively. Reconstruct monochromatic energy images of group A at 50-70 keV (5 keV interval). The iodine intake and radiation dose of each group were recorded and calculated. The CT values, contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs), and subjective scores of each subgroup image in group A versus images in groups B and C were by using one-way analysis of variance or Kruskal-Wallis H test, and the optimal keV of group A was selected. RESULTS The dual-phase CT values and CNRs of each part in group A were higher than or similar to those in groups B and C at 50-60 keV, and similar to or lower than those in groups B and C at 65 keV and 70 keV. The subjective scores of the dual-phase images in group A were lower than those of groups B and C at 50 keV and 55 keV, whereas no significant difference was seen at 60-70 keV. Compared to groups B and C, the iodine intake in group A decreased by 12.5% and 13.3%, respectively. The effective doses in groups A and B were 24.7% and 25.8% lower than those in group C, respectively. CONCLUSION GSI +320 mgI/ml for abdominal CT-enhanced in overweight patients satisfies image quality while reducing iodine intake and radiation dose, and the optimal keV was 60 keV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University/Clinical Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Ze-Peng Ma
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University/Clinical Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Baoding, China
| | - Tian-Le Zhang
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University/Clinical Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Baoding, China
| | - Yi-Wen Liu
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University/Clinical Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yong-Xia Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University/Clinical Medical College, Hebei University, Baoding, China
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Precise Imaging of Inflammation Related Tumors, Baoding, China
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21
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Rawashdeh M, Bani Yaseen AB, McEntee M, England A, Kumar P, Saade C. Diagnostic reference levels in spinal CT: Jordanian assessments and global benchmarks. J Xray Sci Technol 2024:XST230276. [PMID: 38189739 DOI: 10.3233/xst-230276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To reduce radiation dose and subsequent risks, several legislative documents in different countries describe the need for Diagnostic Reference Levels (DRLs). Spinal radiography is a common and high-dose examination. Therefore, the aim of this work was to establish the DRL for Computed Tomography (CT) examinations of the spine in healthcare institutions across Jordan. METHODS Data was retrieved from the picture archiving and communications system (PACS), which included the CT Dose Index (CTDI (vol) ) and Dose Length Product (DLP). The median radiation dose values of the dosimetric indices were calculated for each site. DRL values were defined as the 75th percentile distribution of the median CTDI (vol) and DLP values. RESULTS Data was collected from 659 CT examinations (316 cervical spine and 343 lumbar-sacral spine). Of the participants, 68% were males, and the patients' mean weight was 69.7 kg (minimum = 60; maximum = 80, SD = 8.9). The 75th percentile for the DLP of cervical and LS-spine CT scans in Jordan were 565.2 and 967.7 mGy.cm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS This research demonstrates a wide range of variability in CTDI (vol) and DLP values for spinal CT examinations; these variations were associated with the acquisition protocol and highlight the need to optimize radiation dose in spinal CT examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Rawashdeh
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdel-Baset Bani Yaseen
- Faculty of Health, School of Clinical Science, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia
| | - Mark McEntee
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, Brookfield Health Sciences, University College Cork
| | - Andrew England
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, Brookfield Health Sciences, University College Cork
| | - Praveen Kumar
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, UAE
| | - Charbel Saade
- Discipline of Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy, Brookfield Health Sciences, University College Cork
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22
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Sawyer MD, Kiani K, Stickel JR, Ballon-Landa EC. Gel Rolls Increase Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy Radiation Exposure. J Endourol 2024; 38:16-22. [PMID: 37917095 DOI: 10.1089/end.2023.0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Despite increasing interest in reducing radiation doses during endoscopic stone surgery, there is conflicting evidence as to whether percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) positioning (prone or supine) impacts radiation. We observed clinically that a patient placed prone on gel rolls had higher than expected radiation with intraoperative CT imaging and that gel rolls were visible on the coaxial imaging. We hypothesized that gel rolls directly increase radiation doses. Methods: Anthropomorphic experiments to simulate PCNL positions were performed using a robotic multiplanar fluoroscopy system (Artis Zeego Care+Clear, Siemens) and a 5-second coaxial imaging protocol (5s BODY). A fluoroscopy phantom was placed in various positions, including prone on a gel roll; prone on blankets of equal thickness; prone and supine directly on the table; and modified supine (MS) positions using a thin gel roll or rolled blanket. Impacts of C-arm direction and use of a 1 L saline bag were also evaluated. Measured dose area product (DAP) was compared for the groups. Results: Measured DAP was found to increase by 146 μGy*m2 (287%) when prone on gel rolls compared with only 62.29 (23%) when placed on blankets of equal thickness, although the model likely both overstates the relative impact and understates the absolute impact that would be seen clinically. Measured DAP between experimental groups also varied considerably despite fluoroscopy time being held constant. Conclusions: Our experiments support our hypothesis that gel rolls directly increase radiation dose, which has not been previously reported, using an anthropomorphic model. Surgeons should consider radiolucent materials for positioning to limit radiation exposure to patients and the surgical team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark D Sawyer
- Surgical Services/Urology Section, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Kayvon Kiani
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
| | - Jennifer R Stickel
- Medical Physics and Radiation Safety, Imaging Service, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Colorado Associates in Medical Physics, Colorado Springs, Colorado, USA
| | - Eric C Ballon-Landa
- Surgical Services/Urology Section, Rocky Mountain Regional VA Medical Center, VA Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Aurora, Colorado, USA
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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Tonkopi E, Tetteh MA, Gunn C, Ashraf H, Rusten SL, Safi P, Tinsoe NS, Colford K, Ouellet O, Naimi S, Johansen S. A multi-institutional assessment of low-dose protocols in chest computed tomography: Dose and image quality. Acta Radiol Open 2024; 13:20584601241228220. [PMID: 38304118 PMCID: PMC10829498 DOI: 10.1177/20584601241228220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Low-dose CT (LDCT) chest protocols have widespread clinical applications for many indications; as a result, there is a need for protocol assessment prior to standardization. Dalhousie University and Oslo Metropolitan University have a formally established cooperative relationship. Purpose The purpose is to assess radiation dose and image quality for LDCT chest protocols in seven different hospital locations in Norway and Canada. Material and methods Retrospective dosimetry data, volumetric CT dose index (CTDIvol), and dose length product (DLP) from 240 average-sized patients as well as CT protocol parameters were included in the survey. Effective dose (ED) and size-specific dose estimate (SSDE) were calculated for each examination. For a quantitative image quality analysis, noise, CT number, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) were determined for three regions in the chest. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) was calculated for lung parenchyma in comparison to the subcutaneous fat. Differences in dose and image quality were evaluated by a single-factor ANOVA test. A two-sample t-test was performed to determine differences in means between individual scanners. Results The ANOVA test revealed significant differences (p < .05) in dose values for all scanners, including identical scanner models. Statistically significant differences (p < .05) were determined in mean values of the SNR distributions between the scanners in all three measured regions in the chest, as well as the CNR values. Conclusion The observed variations in dose and image quality measurements, even within the same hospitals and between identical scanner models, indicate a potential for protocol optimization in the involved hospitals in both countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tonkopi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Nova Scotia Health Authority, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mercy Afadzi Tetteh
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Loerenskog, Norway
| | - Catherine Gunn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- School of Health Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Haseem Ashraf
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Loerenskog, Norway
- Medicine Faculty, University of Oslo, Oslo Norway
| | - Sigrid Lia Rusten
- Health Faculty, Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo, Norway
| | - Perkhah Safi
- Health Faculty, Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo, Norway
| | - Nora Suu Tinsoe
- Health Faculty, Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo, Norway
| | - Kylie Colford
- School of Health Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Olivia Ouellet
- School of Health Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Salma Naimi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Akershus University Hospital, Loerenskog, Norway
| | - Safora Johansen
- Health Faculty, Department of Life Sciences and Health, Oslo Metropolitan University Oslo, Norway
- Department of Cancer Treatment, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Health and Social Science Cluster, Singapore Institute of Technology, Singapore
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Kang HJ, Lee JM, Park SJ, Lee SM, Joo I, Yoon JH. Image Quality Improvement of Low-dose Abdominal CT using Deep Learning Image Reconstruction Compared with the Second Generation Iterative Reconstruction. Curr Med Imaging 2024; 20:e250523217310. [PMID: 37231764 DOI: 10.2174/1573405620666230525104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Whether deep learning-based CT reconstruction could improve lesion conspicuity on abdominal CT when the radiation dose is reduced is controversial. OBJECTIVES To determine whether DLIR can provide better image quality and reduce radiation dose in contrast-enhanced abdominal CT compared with the second generation of adaptive statistical iterative reconstruction (ASiR-V). AIMS This study aims to determine whether deep-learning image reconstruction (DLIR) can improve image quality. METHOD In this retrospective study, a total of 102 patients were included, who underwent abdominal CT using a DLIR-equipped 256-row scanner and routine CT of the same protocol on the same vendor's 64-row scanner within four months. The CT data from the 256-row scanner were reconstructed into ASiR-V with three blending levels (AV30, AV60, and AV100), and DLIR images with three strength levels (DLIR-L, DLIR-M, and DLIR-H). The routine CT data were reconstructed into AV30, AV60, and AV100. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the liver, overall image quality, subjective noise, lesion conspicuity, and plasticity in the portal venous phase (PVP) of ASiR-V from both scanners and DLIR were compared. RESULTS The mean effective radiation dose of PVP of the 256-row scanner was significantly lower than that of the routine CT (6.3±2.0 mSv vs. 2.4±0.6 mSv; p< 0.001). The mean CNR, image quality, subjective noise, and lesion conspicuity of ASiR-V images of the 256-row scanner were significantly lower than those of ASiR-V images at the same blending factor of routine CT, but significantly improved with DLIR algorithms. DLIR-H showed higher CNR, better image quality, and subjective noise than AV30 from routine CT, whereas plasticity was significantly better for AV30. CONCLUSION DLIR can be used for improving image quality and reducing radiation dose in abdominal CT, compared with ASIR-V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Min Lee
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sae Jin Park
- Department of Radiology, G&E alphadom medical center, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Sang Min Lee
- Department of Radiology, Cha Gangnam Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ijin Joo
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Yoon
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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25
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Ma Y, Fu B, Yu A, Yang Y, Rajiah PS, Zhang H. Feasibility study of using low-kilovoltage, prospective gating, high-pitch, dual-source computed tomography prior to transcatheter aortic valve replacement: analysis of image quality and radiation dose. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:6848-6857. [PMID: 38249861 PMCID: PMC10797387 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Background Computed tomography (CT) scans before transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) are used to evaluate the aortic valve and guide the selection of appropriate valve stents. Accurate imaging evaluation can ensure the success rate of surgery while reducing the incidence of complications. Multiple studies have adopted a protocol of coronary artery, aortic valve, and total aortic scan, with the patients receiving higher radiation doses. The aim of this study was to evaluate the image quality, radiation dose, and diagnostic performance of dual-source computed tomography (DSCT) with high-pitch spiral scanning for TAVR. Methods A total of 240 patients being evaluated for TAVR were continuously enrolled. Based on the differences in electrocardiography (ECG) gating and tube voltage, the patients were divided into 4 groups: group A, 70-kV prospective ECG gating, high-pitch helical; group B, 70-kV retrospective ECG gating; group C, 100-kV prospective ECG gating, high-pitch helical; and group D, 120-kV prospective ECG gating, high-pitch helical. Image quality was evaluated on a 4-point scale. The image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated for objective evaluation. The radiation doses of all patients were recorded. The image quality and radiation dose of each group were compared. Results There were no differences in age, body mass index (BMI), subjective image quality scores, CT values between the aorta and the coronary artery, or image CNR between the 4 groups. The mean radiation doses of groups A-D were 4.13±0.69, 4.79±0.58, 12.00±1.62, and 15.01±1.90 mSv, respectively. The mean radiation dose in group A (70-kV prospective ECG gating) decreased significantly (P<0.05). Conclusions Using low-kilovoltage, high-pitch DSCT can provide comparable image quality for TAVR evaluation and significantly reduce the radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhe Ma
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Fu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Anhong Yu
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yapeng Yang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Tianjin Chest Hospital, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Agadakos E, Zormpala A, Zaios N, Kapsiocha C, Gamaletsou MN, Voulgarelis M, Sipsas NV, Moulopoulos LA, Koutoulidis V. The Use of Low-Dose Chest Computed Tomography for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Pulmonary Infections in Patients with Hematologic Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 16:186. [PMID: 38201613 PMCID: PMC10778314 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16010186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the image quality and diagnostic performance of low-dose Chest Computed Tomography (LDCCT) in detecting pulmonary infections in patients with hematologic malignancies. A total of 164 neutropenic patients underwent 256 consecutive CT examinations, comparing 149 LDCCT and 107 Standard-Dose Chest CT (SDCCT) between May 2015 and June 2019. LDCCT demonstrated a 47% reduction in radiation dose while maintaining acceptable image noise and quality compared to SDCCT. However, LDCCT exhibited lower sensitivity in detecting consolidation (27.5%) and ground glass opacity (64.4%) compared to SDCCT (45.8% and 82.2%, respectively) with all the respective p-values from unadjusted and adjusted for sex, age, and BMI analyses being lower than 0.006 and the corresponding Odds Ratios of detection ranging from 0.30 to 0.34. Similar trends were observed for nodules ≥3 mm and ground glass halo in nodules but were not affected by sex, age and BMI. No significant differences were found for cavitation in nodules, diffuse interlobular septal thickening, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, and lymphadenopathy. In conclusion, LDCCT achieved substantial dose reduction with satisfactory image quality but showed limitations in detecting specific radiologic findings associated with pulmonary infections in neutropenic patients compared to SDCCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthimios Agadakos
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Athens Laiko, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (C.K.)
| | - Alexandra Zormpala
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Athens Laiko, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (C.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Zaios
- First Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (L.A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Chrysoula Kapsiocha
- Department of Radiology, General Hospital of Athens Laiko, 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.Z.); (C.K.)
| | - Maria N. Gamaletsou
- Department of Pathophysiology, General Hospital of Athens Laiko, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.G.); (M.V.); (N.V.S.)
| | - Michael Voulgarelis
- Department of Pathophysiology, General Hospital of Athens Laiko, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.G.); (M.V.); (N.V.S.)
| | - Nikolaos V. Sipsas
- Department of Pathophysiology, General Hospital of Athens Laiko, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece; (M.N.G.); (M.V.); (N.V.S.)
| | - Lia Angela Moulopoulos
- First Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (L.A.M.); (V.K.)
| | - Vassilis Koutoulidis
- First Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Areteion Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece; (N.Z.); (L.A.M.); (V.K.)
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Inoue Y, Mori M, Itoh H, Mitsui K, Miyatake H, Yamane T, Hata H. Age-Dependent Changes in Effective Dose in Pediatric Brain CT: Comparisons of Estimation Methods. Tomography 2023; 10:14-24. [PMID: 38250948 PMCID: PMC10821001 DOI: 10.3390/tomography10010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The effective dose (ED) in computed tomography (CT) may be calculated by multiplying the dose-length product (DLP) by a conversion factor. As children grow, automatic exposure control increases the DLP, while the conversion factor decreases; these two changes affect the ED in opposite ways. The aim of this study was to investigate the methods of ED estimation according to age in pediatric brain CT. We retrospectively analyzed 980 brain CT scans performed for various clinical indications in children. The conversion factor at each age, in integer years, was determined based on the values at 0, 1, 5, and 10 years provided by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), using a curve (curve method) or lines (linear method). In the simple method, the ED was estimated using the ICRP conversion factor for the closest age. We also analyzed the ED estimated by a radiation dose management system. Although the median DLP at each age increased with age, the median ED estimated by the curve method was highest at 0 years, decreased with age, and then plateaued at 9 years. The linear method yielded mildly different results, especially at 2 and 3 years. The ED estimated by the simple method or the radiation dose management system showed inconsistent, up-and-down changes with age. In conclusion, the ED in pediatric brain CT decreases with age despite increased DLP. Determination of the conversion factor at each age using a curve is expected to contribute to estimating the ED in pediatric CT according to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.M.); (K.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Masahiro Mori
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.M.); (K.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hiroyasu Itoh
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan; (H.I.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Kohei Mitsui
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.M.); (K.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hiroki Miyatake
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan; (H.I.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
| | - Takuro Yamane
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan; (M.M.); (K.M.); (T.Y.)
| | - Hirofumi Hata
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan; (H.I.); (H.M.); (H.H.)
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Abdelaziz RF, Hussein AM, Kotob MH, Weiss C, Chelminski K, Stojanovic T, Studenik CR, Aufy M. Enhancement of Radiation Sensitivity by Cathepsin L Suppression in Colon Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17106. [PMID: 38069428 PMCID: PMC10707098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally. Radiotherapy/Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the most common and effective cancer treatments. RT utilizes high-energy radiation to damage the DNA of cancer cells, leading to their death or impairing their proliferation. However, radiation resistance remains a significant challenge in cancer treatment, limiting its efficacy. Emerging evidence suggests that cathepsin L (cath L) contributes to radiation resistance through multiple mechanisms. In this study, we investigated the role of cath L, a member of the cysteine cathepsins (caths) in radiation sensitivity, and the potential reduction in radiation resistance by using the specific cath L inhibitor (Z-FY(tBu)DMK) or by knocking out cath L with CRISPR/Cas9 in colon carcinoma cells (caco-2). Cells were treated with different doses of radiation (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10), dose rate 3 Gy/min. In addition, the study conducted protein expression analysis by western blot and immunofluorescence assay, cytotoxicity MTT, and apoptosis assays. The results demonstrated that cath L was upregulated in response to radiation treatment, compared to non-irradiated cells. In addition, inhibiting or knocking out cath L led to increased radiosensitivity in contrast to the negative control group. This may indicate a reduced ability of cancer cells to recover from radiation-induced DNA damage, resulting in enhanced cell death. These findings highlight the possibility of targeting cath L as a therapeutic strategy to enhance the effectiveness of RT. Further studies are needed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms and to assess the translational implications of cath L knockout in clinical settings. Ultimately, these findings may contribute to the development of novel treatment approaches for improving outcomes of RT in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramadan F. Abdelaziz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (R.F.A.); (M.H.K.); (C.W.); (M.A.)
- Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Str. 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Ahmed M. Hussein
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (R.F.A.); (M.H.K.); (C.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed H. Kotob
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (R.F.A.); (M.H.K.); (C.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Christina Weiss
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (R.F.A.); (M.H.K.); (C.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Krzysztof Chelminski
- Division of Human Health, International Atomic Energy Agency, Wagramer Str. 5, 1400 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Tamara Stojanovic
- Programme for Proteomics, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austria;
| | - Christian R. Studenik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (R.F.A.); (M.H.K.); (C.W.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohammed Aufy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (R.F.A.); (M.H.K.); (C.W.); (M.A.)
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Azcurra P, Leyton F, Lucini V, Rivarola M, Trentacoste L, Marques A, Chiabrando J, Seropian I, Mundo N, Ubeda C, Agatiello C. Local Diagnostic Reference Levels for Pediatric Interventional Cardiology Procedures in Argentina. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1877. [PMID: 38136079 PMCID: PMC10741962 DOI: 10.3390/children10121877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to propose a preliminary local diagnostic reference levels (DRL) for pediatric interventional cardiology (PIC) procedures in Argentina, for different ranges of age and weight. This work has been conducted in the framework of the "Optimization of Protection in Pediatric Interventional Radiology in Latin America and the Caribbean" (OPRIPALC) program coordinated by the World Health Organization and the Pan American Health Organization in cooperation with the International Atomic Energy Agency to ensuring that radiation exposures of pediatric patients are the minimum necessary during fluoroscopy-guided interventional procedures. The local DRL values presented in this paper by weight group and age group were 7.1 Gy·cm2 (<5 kg), 10.7 Gy·cm2 (5-15 kg), 18.0 Gy·cm2 (15-30 kg), 15.9 Gy·cm2 (30-50 kg), and 28.2 Gy·cm2 (50-80 kg) and 5.3 Gy·cm2 (<1), 11.2 Gy·cm2 (1 to 5<), 19.6 Gy·cm2 (5 to 10<), and 21.4 Gy·cm2 (10 to 16<), respectively. Our dose results are among the values found in other international studies; however, there is great potential for dose optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Azcurra
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Fernando Leyton
- Personal Dosimetry Laboratory (LABODOP), School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tarapacá, Arica 1010072, Chile
| | - Victorio Lucini
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Marcelo Rivarola
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Luis Trentacoste
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Adela Marques
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Juan Chiabrando
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Ignacio Seropian
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Nicolas Mundo
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
| | - Carlos Ubeda
- Personal Dosimetry Laboratory (LABODOP), School of Medical Technology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tarapacá, Arica 1010072, Chile
| | - Carla Agatiello
- Interventional Cardiology Department, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires C1199ABB, Argentina
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Prabsattroo T, Wachirasirikul K, Tansangworn P, Punikhom P, Sudchai W. The Dose Optimization and Evaluation of Image Quality in the Adult Brain Protocols of Multi-Slice Computed Tomography: A Phantom Study. J Imaging 2023; 9:264. [PMID: 38132682 PMCID: PMC10743697 DOI: 10.3390/jimaging9120264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Computed tomography examinations have caused high radiation doses for patients, especially for CT scans of the brain. This study aimed to optimize the radiation dose and image quality in adult brain CT protocols. Images were acquired using a Catphan 700 phantom. Radiation doses were recorded as CTDIvol and dose length product (DLP). CT brain protocols were optimized by varying parameters such as kVp, mAs, signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level, and Clearview iterative reconstruction (IR). The image quality was also evaluated using AutoQA Plus v.1.8.7.0 software. CT number accuracy and linearity had a robust positive correlation with the linear attenuation coefficient (µ) and showed more inaccurate CT numbers when using 80 kVp. The modulation transfer function (MTF) showed a higher value in 100 and 120 kVp protocols (p < 0.001), while high-contrast spatial resolution showed a higher value in 80 and 100 kVp protocols (p < 0.001). Low-contrast detectability and the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) tended to increase when using high mAs, SNR, and the Clearview IR protocol. Noise decreased when using a high radiation dose and a high percentage of Clearview IR. CTDIvol and DLP were increased with increasing kVp, mAs, and SNR levels, while the increasing percentage of Clearview did not affect the radiation dose. Optimized protocols, including radiation dose and image quality, should be evaluated to preserve diagnostic capability. The recommended parameter settings include kVp set between 100 and 120 kVp, mAs ranging from 200 to 300 mAs, SNR level within the range of 0.7-1.0, and an iterative reconstruction value of 30% Clearview to 60% or higher.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thawatchai Prabsattroo
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.W.); (P.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Kanokpat Wachirasirikul
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.W.); (P.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Prasit Tansangworn
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.W.); (P.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Puengjai Punikhom
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand; (K.W.); (P.T.); (P.P.)
| | - Waraporn Sudchai
- Nuclear Technology Service Center, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology, Nakhon Nayok 26120, Thailand;
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Chan RCK, Ng CKC, Hung RHM, Li YTY, Tam YTY, Wong BYL, Yu JCK, Leung VWS. Comparative Study of Plan Robustness for Breast Radiotherapy: Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy Plans with Robust Optimization versus Manual Flash Approach. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3395. [PMID: 37998531 PMCID: PMC10670672 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13223395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
A previous study investigated robustness of manual flash (MF) and robust optimized (RO) volumetric modulated arc therapy plans for breast radiotherapy based on five patients in 2020 and indicated that the RO was more robust than the MF, although the MF is still current standard practice. The purpose of this study was to compare their plan robustness in terms of dose variation to clinical target volume (CTV) and organs at risk (OARs) based on a larger sample size. This was a retrospective study involving 34 female patients. Their plan robustness was evaluated based on measured volume/dose difference between nominal and worst scenarios (ΔV/ΔD) for each CTV and OARs parameter, with a smaller difference representing greater robustness. Paired sample t-test was used to compare their robustness values. All parameters (except CTV ΔD98%) of the RO approach had smaller ΔV/ΔD values than those of the MF. Also, the RO approach had statistically significantly smaller ΔV/ΔD values (p < 0.001-0.012) for all CTV parameters except the CTV ΔV95% and ΔD98% and heart ΔDmean. This study's results confirm that the RO approach was more robust than the MF in general. Although both techniques were able to generate clinically acceptable plans for breast radiotherapy, the RO could potentially improve workflow efficiency due to its simpler planning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray C. K. Chan
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (R.C.K.C.); (Y.T.Y.L.); (Y.T.Y.T.); (B.Y.L.W.); (J.C.K.Y.)
| | - Curtise K. C. Ng
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
| | - Rico H. M. Hung
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Yoyo T. Y. Li
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (R.C.K.C.); (Y.T.Y.L.); (Y.T.Y.T.); (B.Y.L.W.); (J.C.K.Y.)
| | - Yuki T. Y. Tam
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (R.C.K.C.); (Y.T.Y.L.); (Y.T.Y.T.); (B.Y.L.W.); (J.C.K.Y.)
| | - Blossom Y. L. Wong
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (R.C.K.C.); (Y.T.Y.L.); (Y.T.Y.T.); (B.Y.L.W.); (J.C.K.Y.)
| | - Jacky C. K. Yu
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (R.C.K.C.); (Y.T.Y.L.); (Y.T.Y.T.); (B.Y.L.W.); (J.C.K.Y.)
| | - Vincent W. S. Leung
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (R.C.K.C.); (Y.T.Y.L.); (Y.T.Y.T.); (B.Y.L.W.); (J.C.K.Y.)
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Keshtkar M, Mosleh-Shirazi MA, Saba V. Assessment of the effectiveness of Saba shielding with the composition of Cu-Bi in neck CT imaging: a phantom and patient study. J Radiol Prot 2023; 43:041503. [PMID: 37793369 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/acffd4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The use of computed tomography (CT) is a very well-established medical diagnostic imaging modality, however, the high radiation dose due to this imaging method is a major concern. Therefore, dose reduction methods are necessary, especially for superficial radiosensitive organs like the thyroid. The aim of this study is to construct and assess a CT shield with composition of 90% Cu and 10% Bi (Saba shield) with regard to dose reduction and image quality. The efficiency of the constructed shields for dose reduction was assessed by measuring entrance skin dose (ESD), using thermoluminescence dosimeters placed on an anthropomorphic phantom. Image quality was assessed quantitatively based on image noise and CT number accuracy by drawing regions of interest on CT images of the anthropomorphic phantom. Image quality was further investigated qualitatively in a patient study. Application of the Saba shield and 100% Bi shield with the thickness of one thickness (1T) reduced ESD by 50.2% and 51.7%, respectively, and using a three-fold thickness reduced ESD by 64.6% and 65.1%, respectively. Saba shield with thickness of 1T had no significant change in image noise in the anterior part, and image noise and mean CT number in the posterior part (P> 0.05). The statistical analysis performed did not find any meaningful difference between the study and control groups in image quality assessment of the patient study (P> 0.05). The 1T Saba shield reduced thyroid dose efficiently during neck CT imaging without causing unwanted effects on image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Keshtkar
- Medical Physics and Radiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Gonabad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amin Mosleh-Shirazi
- Ionizing and Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center (INIRPRC), School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Radio-Oncology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Valiallah Saba
- Radiology Department, Faculty of Paramedicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Dual-energy CT has expanded the potential of thoracic imaging in both children and adults. Data processing allows material- and energy-specific reconstructions, which improve material differentiation and tissue characterization compared with single-energy CT. Material-specific reconstructions include iodine, virtual unenhanced, perfusion blood volume, and lung vessel images, which can improve assessment of vascular, mediastinal, and parenchymal abnormalities. The energy-specific reconstruction algorithm allows virtual monoenergetic reconstructions, including low-energy images to increase iodine conspicuity and high-energy images to reduce beam-hardening and metal artifacts. This review highlights dual-energy CT principles, hardware, and postprocessing algorithms; the clinical applications of dual-energy CT; and the potential benefits of photon counting (the most recently introduced iteration of spectral imaging) in pediatric thoracic imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan B Rapp
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - David M Biko
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marilyn J Siegel
- Edward Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Styrvoky K, Schwalk A, Pham D, Madsen K, Chiu HT, Abu-Hijleh M. Radiation dose of cone beam CT combined with shape sensing robotic assisted bronchoscopy for the evaluation of pulmonary lesions: an observational single center study. J Thorac Dis 2023; 15:4836-4848. [PMID: 37868864 PMCID: PMC10586938 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Background Shape sensing robotic-assisted bronchoscopy (ssRAB) combined with radial endobronchial ultrasound (r-EBUS) and cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is a newer diagnostic modality for the evaluation of pulmonary lesions. There is limited data describing the radiation dose of CBCT combined with ssRAB. The purpose of this study was to describe the technical factors associated with the use of CBCT combined with ssRAB to biopsy pulmonary lesions. Methods We conducted a single center, prospective observational study of patients undergoing ssRAB combined with fixed CBCT for the pulmonary lesion biopsy. We report our patient demographics, and pulmonary lesion and procedure characteristics. Results A total of 241 ssRAB procedures were performed to biopsy 269 pulmonary lesions. The mean lesion size was measured in the following dimensions: anteroposterior (18.0±8.8 mm), transverse (17.2±10.5 mm), and craniocaudal (17.7±10.2 mm). A mean of 1.5±0.7 (median: 1, range: 1-4) CBCT spins were performed. The mean total fluoroscopy time (FT) was 5.6±2.9 minutes. The mean radiation dose of cumulative air kerma (CAK) was 63.5±46.7 mGy and the mean cumulative dose area product (DAP) was 22.6±16.0 Gy·cm2. Diagnostic yield calculated based on results at index bronchoscopy was 85.9%. There was a low rate of complications with 8 pneumothoraces (3.3%), 5 (2.1%) of which required chest tube placement. Conclusions We describe the use of ssRAB combined with CBCT to biopsy pulmonary lesions as a safe diagnostic modality with relatively low radiation dose that is potentially comparable to other image guided sampling modalities. Bronchoscopists should be cognizant of the radiation use during the procedure for both patient and staff safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Styrvoky
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Audra Schwalk
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - David Pham
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kristine Madsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hsienchang T. Chiu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Muhanned Abu-Hijleh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Aristizabal AM, Gutiérrez JA, Ramirez E, Mejía-Quiñones V, Ubeda C, Mosquera WF, Mosquera W. Diagnostic Reference Levels in Interventional Pediatric Cardiology: Two-Year Experience in a Tertiary Referral Hospital in Latin America. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1588. [PMID: 37892251 PMCID: PMC10605529 DOI: 10.3390/children10101588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to propose the first local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for interventional pediatric cardiology procedures in a large hospital in Colombia. The data collection period was from April 2020 to July 2022. The local DRLs were calculated as the 3rd quartile of patient-dose distributions for the kerma-area product (Pka) values. The sample of collected clinical procedures (255) was divided into diagnostic and therapeutic procedures and grouped into five weight and five age bands. The Pka differences found between diagnostic and therapeutic procedures were statistically significant in all weight and age bands, except for the 1-5-year age group. The local DRLs for weight bands were 3.82 Gy·cm2 (<5 kg), 7.39 Gy·cm2 (5-<15 kg), 19.72 Gy·cm2 (15-<30 kg), 28.99 Gy·cm2 (30-<50 kg), and 81.71 Gy·cm2 (50-<80 kg), respectively. For age bands, the DRLs were 3.97 Gy·cm2 (<1 y), 9.94 Gy·cm2 (1-<5 y), 20.82 Gy·cm2 (5-<10 y), 58.00 Gy·cm2 (10-<16 y), and 31.56 Gy·cm2 (<16 y), respectively. In conclusion, when comparing our results with other existing DRL values, we found that they are similar to other centers and thus there is scope to continue optimizing the radiation dose values. This will contribute to establishing national DRLs for Colombia in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Aristizabal
- Servicio de Cardiología Pediátrica, Departamento Materno Infantil, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 No. 18–49, Cali 760032, Colombia; (J.A.G.); (W.M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia;
| | - Jaiber A. Gutiérrez
- Servicio de Cardiología Pediátrica, Departamento Materno Infantil, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 No. 18–49, Cali 760032, Colombia; (J.A.G.); (W.M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia;
| | - Emmanuel Ramirez
- Oficina de Física Médica & Protección Radiológica, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 No. 18–49, Cali 760032, Colombia;
| | - Valentina Mejía-Quiñones
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia;
- Centro de Investigaciones Clínicas, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 No. 18–49, Cali 760032, Colombia
| | - Carlos Ubeda
- Diagnóstico por Imagen, Laboratorio de Dosimetría Personal (LABODOP), Departamento de Tecnología Médica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1020000, Chile;
| | - Walter Fernando Mosquera
- Servicio de Hospitalización, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 No. 18–49, Cali 760032, Colombia;
| | - Walter Mosquera
- Servicio de Cardiología Pediátrica, Departamento Materno Infantil, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cra. 98 No. 18–49, Cali 760032, Colombia; (J.A.G.); (W.M.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Icesi, Cali 760031, Colombia;
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Ito M, Chida K, Onodera S, Kojima I, Iikubo M, Kato T, Fujisawa M, Zuguchi M. Evaluation of radiation dose and image quality for dental cone-beam computed tomography in pediatric patients. J Radiol Prot 2023; 43:031518. [PMID: 37696261 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6498/acf868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Children are sensitive to radiation; therefore, it is necessary to reduce radiation dose as much as possible in pediatric patients. In addition, it is crucial to investigate the optimal imaging conditions as they considerably affect the radiation dose. In this study, we investigated the effect of different imaging conditions on image quality and optimized the imaging conditions for dental cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examinations to diagnose ectopic eruptions and impacted teeth in children. To achieve our aims, we evaluated radiation doses and subjective and objective image quality. The CBCT scans were performed using 3D Accuitomo F17. All combinations of a tube voltage (90 kV), tube currents (1, 2, 3 mA), fields of view (FOVs) (4 × 4, 6 × 6 cm), and rotation angles (360°, 180°) were used. Dose-area product values were measured. SedentexCT IQ cylindrical phantom was used to physically evaluate the image quality. We used the modulation transfer function as an index of resolution, the noise power spectrum as an index of noise characteristics, and the system performance function as an overall evaluation index of the image. Five dentists visually evaluated the images from the head-neck phantom. The results showed that the image quality tended to worsen, and scores for visual evaluation decreased as tube currents, FOVs and rotation angles decreased. In particular, image noise negatively affected the delineation of the periodontal ligament space. The optimal imaging conditions were 90 kV, 2 mA, 4 × 4 cm FOV and 180° rotation. These results suggest that CBCT radiation doses can be significantly reduced by optimizing the imaging conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misaki Ito
- Department of Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Division of Disaster Medical Science, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8572, Japan
| | - Shu Onodera
- Department of Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
| | - Ikuho Kojima
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- Division of Dental Informatics and Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masahiro Iikubo
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan
- Division of Dental Informatics and Radiology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Toshiki Kato
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masaki Fujisawa
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masayuki Zuguchi
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Siegel MJ, Bugenhagen SM, Sanchez A, Kim S, Abadia A, Ramirez-Giraldo JC. Comparison of Radiation Dose and Image Quality of Pediatric High-Resolution Chest CT Between Photon-Counting Detector CT and Energy-Integrated Detector CT: A Matched Study. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2023; 221:363-371. [PMID: 37095666 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.23.29077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND. Photon-counting detector (PCD) CT has been shown to reduce radiation dose and improve image quality in adult chest CT examinations; its potential impact in pediatric CT is not well documented. OBJECTIVE. The purpose of our study was to compare radiation dose, objective image quality, and subjective image quality of PCD CT and energy-integrating detector (EID) CT in children undergoing high-resolution CT (HRCT) of the chest. METHODS. This retrospective study included 27 children (median age, 3.9 years; 10 girls, 17 boys) who underwent PCD CT between March 1, 2022, and August 31, 2022, and 27 children (median age, 4.0 years; 13 girls, 14 boys) who underwent EID CT between August 1, 2021, and January 31, 2022; all examinations comprised clinically indicated chest HRCT. The patients in the two groups were matched by age and water-equivalent diameter. Radiation dose parameters were recorded. One observer placed ROIs to measure objective parameters (lung attenuation, image noise, and SNR). Two radiologists independently assessed subjective measures (overall image quality and motion artifacts) using 5-point Likert scales (1 = highest quality). Groups were compared. RESULTS. PCD CT, in comparison with EID CT, showed lower median CTDIvol (0.41 vs 0.71 mGy, p < .001), DLP (10.2 vs 13.7 mGy × cm, p = .008), size-specific dose estimate (0.82 vs 1.34 mGy, p < .001), and tube current-exposure time product (48.0 vs 202.0 mAs, p < .001). PCD CT and EID CT showed no significant difference in right upper lobe (RUL) lung attenuation (mean, -793 vs -750 HU; p = .09), right lower lobe (RLL) lung attenuation (mean, -745 vs -716 HU; p = .23), RUL image noise (mean, 55 vs 51 HU; p = .27), RLL image noise (mean, 59 vs 57 HU; p = .48), RUL SNR (mean, -14.9 vs -15.8; p = .89), or RLL SNR (mean, -13.1 vs -13.6; p = .79). PCD CT and EID CT showed no significant difference in median overall image quality for reader 1 (1.0 vs 1.0, p = .28) or reader 2 (1.0 vs 1.0, p = .17) or median motion artifacts for reader 1 (1.0 vs 1.0, p = .07) or reader 2 (1.0 vs 1.0, p = .22). CONCLUSION. PCD CT showed significantly reduced dose levels without a significant difference in objective or subjective image quality compared with EID CT. CLINICAL IMPACT. These data expand understanding of the capabilities of PCD CT and support its routine use in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn J Siegel
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Scott M Bugenhagen
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Adrian Sanchez
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110
| | - Stacy Kim
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St. Louis, MO 63110
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Kawauchi S, Chida K, Hamada Y, Tsuruta W. Image Quality and Radiation Dose of Conventional and Wide-Field High-Resolution Cone-Beam Computed Tomography for Cerebral Angiography: A Phantom Study. Tomography 2023; 9:1683-1693. [PMID: 37736987 PMCID: PMC10514806 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9050134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been an increase in the use of interventional neuroradiology procedures because of their non-invasiveness compared to surgeries and the improved image quality of fluoroscopy, digital subtraction angiography, and rotational angiography. Although cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images are inferior to multi-detector CT images in terms of low-contrast detectability and lower radiation doses, CBCT scans are frequently performed because of their accessibility. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality and radiation dose of two different high-resolution CBCTs (HR CBCT): conventional (C-HR CBCT) and wide-field HR CBCT (W-HR CBCT). The modulation transfer function (MTF), noise power spectrum (NPS), and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were used to evaluate the image quality. On comparing the MTF of C-HR CBCT with a 256 × 256 matrix and that of W-HR CBCT with a 384 × 384 matrix, the MTF of W-HR CBCT with the 384 × 384 matrix was larger. A comparison of the NPS and CNR of C-HR CBCT with a 256 × 256 matrix and W-HR CBCT with a 384 × 384 matrix showed that both values were comparable. The reference air kerma values were equal for C-HR CBCT and W-HR CBCT; however, the value of the kerma area product was 1.44 times higher for W-HR CBCT compared to C-HR CBCT. The W-HR CBCT allowed for improved spatial resolution while maintaining the image noise and low-contrast detectability by changing the number of image matrices from 256 × 256 to 384 × 384. Our study revealed the image characteristics and radiation dose of W-HR CBCT. Given its advantages of low-contrast detectability and wide-area imaging with high spatial resolution, W-HR CBCT may be useful in interventional neuroradiology for acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kawauchi
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
- Okinaka Memorial Institute for Medical Research, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan
| | - Koichi Chida
- Department of Radiological Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Miyagi, Japan
- Department of Radiation Disaster Medicine, International Research Institute of Disaster Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-0845, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamada
- Department of Radiology, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan; (S.K.); (Y.H.)
| | - Wataro Tsuruta
- Department of Endovascular Neurosurgery, Toranomon Hospital, 2-2-2 Toranomon, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8470, Japan;
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Ludes G, Ohana M, Labani A, Meyer N, Moliére S, Roy C. Impact of a reduced iodine load with deep learning reconstruction on abdominal MDCT. Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34579. [PMID: 37657067 PMCID: PMC10476859 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
To evaluate the impact of a reduced iodine load using deep learning reconstruction (DLR) on the hepatic parenchyma compared to conventional iterative reconstruction (hybrid IR) and its consequence on the radiation dose and image quality. This retrospective monocentric intraindividual comparison study included 66 patients explored at the portal phase using different multidetector computed tomography parameters: Group A, hybrid IR algorithm (hybrid IR) and a nonionic low-osmolality contrast agent (350 mgI/mL); Group B, DLR algorithm (DLR) and a nonionic iso-osmolality contrast agent (270 mgI/mL). We recorded the attenuation of the liver parenchyma, image quality, and radiation dose parameters. The mean hounsfield units (HU) value of the liver parenchyma was significantly lower in group B, at 105.9 ± 10.9 HU versus 118.5 ± 14.6 HU in group A. However, the 90%IC of mean liver attenuation in the group B (DLR) was between 100.8 HU and 109.3 HU. The signal-to-noise ratio of the liver parenchyma was significantly higher on DLR images, increasing by 56%. However, for both the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) and CNR liver/PV no statistical difference was found, even if the CNR liver/PV ratio was slightly higher for group A. The mean dose-length product and computed tomography dose index volume values were significantly lower with DLR, corresponding to a radiation dose reduction of 36% for the DLR. Using a DLR algorithm for abdominal multidetector computed tomography with a low iodine load can provide sufficient enhancement of the liver parenchyma up to 100 HU in addition to the advantages of a higher image quality, a better signal-to-noise ratio and a lower radiation dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaspard Ludes
- Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg – New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Mickael Ohana
- Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg – New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Aissam Labani
- Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg – New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Nicolas Meyer
- Department of Statistics, University Hospital of Strasbourg – New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Sébastien Moliére
- Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg – New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
| | - Catherine Roy
- Department of Radiology B, University Hospital of Strasbourg – New Civil Hospital, Strasbourg, Cedex, France
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Kawashima H, Ichikawa K, Kitao A, Matsubara T, Sugiura T, Kobayashi T, Kobayashi S. Radiation dose considerations in digital radiography with an anti-scatter grid: A study using adult and pediatric phantoms. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2023; 24:e14081. [PMID: 37491809 PMCID: PMC10476983 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND When using an anti-scatter grid, a decrease in receptor dose caused by its X-ray absorption seems to lead to the misperception that radiation dose needs to be increased even in digital radiography (DR). OBJECTIVE To demonstrate that there is no need to increase radiation dose in DR with a grid, based on a visual evaluation using an adult and a pediatric abdomen phantom (PAD and PPD , respectively). MATERIALS AND METHODS Phantom images with and without a grid were obtained with exposure parameters determined based on a preliminarily measured signal-to-noise ratio improvement factor (SIF), an index for potential dose reduction when using a grid. In visual evaluation, four radiologists compared phantom images with a grid applied at different dose reduction rates (0% [no reduction], 18%, 36%, and 59% for PAD and 0% and 11% for PPD ) against an image without a grid at the baseline dose (as the reference). They graded the overall image quality of the former relative to that of the latter (reference) on a 3-point scale (3 = better, 2 = almost equal, 1 = worse). RESULTS The mean scores for dose reduction rates of 0%, 18%, 36%, and 59% were 3.00, 3.00, 2.75, and 1.00, respectively, for PAD ; those for 0% and 11% were 2.13 and 1.63, respectively, for PPD . These results support the validity of our view that no dose increase is necessary when using an anti-scatter grid. Actually, there is even a potential for improvement in image quality with dose reduction rates of ≤36% for PAD . CONCLUSION It is worth reconsidering the necessity of increasing radiation dose in the DR imaging of the adult and pediatric abdomens with an anti-scatter grid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Kawashima
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Katsuhiro Ichikawa
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
| | - Azusa Kitao
- Department of RadiologyKanazawa University Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawaJapan
| | - Takashi Matsubara
- Department of RadiologyKanazawa University Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawaJapan
| | - Takumi Sugiura
- Department of RadiologyKanazawa University Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawaJapan
| | - Tomohiro Kobayashi
- Department of RadiologyKanazawa University Graduate School of Medical SciencesKanazawaJapan
| | - Satoshi Kobayashi
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health SciencesKanazawa UniversityKanazawaJapan
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Stahl R, D’Anastasi M, Forbrig R, Liebig T, Katzendobler S, Weller J, Trumm CG. Accuracy, Hemorrhagic Complications and CT Radiation Dose of Emergency External Ventricular Drain (EVD) Placement in Pediatric Patients: A 15-Year Retrospective Analysis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2805. [PMID: 37685340 PMCID: PMC10486425 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13172805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess accuracy, the frequency of hemorrhagic complications and computed tomography (CT) radiation dose parameters in pediatric patients undergoing landmark-guided external ventricular drain (EVD) placement in an emergency setting. METHODS Retrospective analysis comprised 36 EVD placements with subsequent CT control scans in 29 patients (aged 0 to 17 years) in our university hospital from 2008 to 2022. The position of the EVD as well as the presence and extension of bleeding were classified according to previously established grading schemes. Dose length product (DLP), volume-weighted CT dose index (CTDIvol) and scan length were extracted from the radiation dose reports and compared to the diagnostic reference values (DRLs) issued by the German Federal Office for Radiation Protection. RESULTS After the initial EVD placement, optimal positioning of the catheter tip into the ipsilateral frontal horn or third ventricle (Grade I), or a functional positioning in the contralateral lateral ventricle or the non-eloquent cortex (Grade II), was achieved in 28 and 8 cases, respectively. In 32 of 36 procedures, no evidence of hemorrhage was present in the control CT scan. Grade 1 (<1 mL) and Grade 2 (≥1 to 15 mL) bleedings were detected after 3 and 1 placement(s), respectively. For control scans after EVD placements, CTDIvol (median [25%; 75% quartile]) was 39.92 [30.80; 45.55] mGy, DLP yielded 475.50 [375.00; 624.75] mGy*cm and the scan length result was 136 [120; 166] mm. Exceedances of the DRL values were observed in 14.5% for CTDIvol, 12.7% for DLP and 65.6% for the scan length. None of these values was in the range requiring a report to the national authorities. CONCLUSION Landmark-based emergency EVD placement in pediatric patients yielded an optimal position in most cases already after the initial insertion. Complications in terms of secondary hemorrhages are rare. CT dose levels associated with the intervention are below the reportable threshold of the national DRLs in Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Stahl
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (R.F.); (T.L.); (C.G.T.)
| | - Melvin D’Anastasi
- Medical Imaging Department, Mater Dei Hospital, University of Malta, MSD 2090 Msida, Malta;
| | - Robert Forbrig
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (R.F.); (T.L.); (C.G.T.)
| | - Thomas Liebig
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (R.F.); (T.L.); (C.G.T.)
| | - Sophie Katzendobler
- Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (S.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Jonathan Weller
- Department of Neurosurgery, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (S.K.); (J.W.)
| | - Christoph G. Trumm
- Institute for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, Germany; (R.F.); (T.L.); (C.G.T.)
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Miyoshi K, Tanabe M, Ihara K, Tanabe M, Higashi M, Narikiyo K, Kawano Y, Inoue A, Ito K. Dual-Source Contrast-Enhanced Multiphasic CT of the Liver Using Low Voltage (70 kVp): Feasibility of a Reduced Radiation Dose and a 50% of Contrast Dose. Tomography 2023; 9:1568-1576. [PMID: 37736978 PMCID: PMC10514808 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9050125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the feasibility of both a reduced radiation dose and a 50% of contrast dose in multiphasic CT of the liver with a 70 kVp protocol compared with a standard-tube-voltage protocol derived from dual-energy (DE) CT (blended DE protocol) with a full-dose contrast-agents in the same patient group. This study included 46 patients who underwent multiphasic contrast-enhanced dynamic CT of the liver with both a 70 kVp and a blended DE protocols. For quantitative analysis, median CT values for the liver, aorta, and portal vein, as well as signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), were measured and calculated. In addition, as a qualitative analysis, the contrast effect and overall image quality of the abdominal organs were evaluated on a five-point scale. CNR and SNR of the hepatic parenchyma were not significantly different between the 70kV protocol and the Blended DE protocol in all phases. The 70 kVp protocol showed significantly better image quality compared with the blended DE protocol in the arterial phase (p = 0.035) and the equilibrium layer phase (p = 0.016). A 70 kVp CT protocol in combination with a reduced radiation dose and half-dose iodine load is feasible for multiphasic dynamic CT of the liver by maintaining the contrast enhancement effects and image quality in comparison with the blended DE CT protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Miyoshi
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tanabe
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Kenichiro Ihara
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Masaya Tanabe
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Mayumi Higashi
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Koji Narikiyo
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Yosuke Kawano
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Atsuo Inoue
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Ito
- Department of Radiology, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube 755-8505, Japan
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Ohno Y, Ozawa Y, Nagata H, Bando S, Cong S, Takahashi T, Oshima Y, Hamabuchi N, Matsuyama T, Ueda T, Yoshikawa T, Takenaka D, Toyama H. Area-Detector Computed Tomography for Pulmonary Functional Imaging. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2518. [PMID: 37568881 PMCID: PMC10416899 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13152518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
An area-detector CT (ADCT) has a 320-detector row and can obtain isotropic volume data without helical scanning within an area of nearly 160 mm. The actual-perfusion CT data within this area can, thus, be obtained by means of continuous dynamic scanning for the qualitative or quantitative evaluation of regional perfusion within nodules, lymph nodes, or tumors. Moreover, this system can obtain CT data with not only helical but also step-and-shoot or wide-volume scanning for body CT imaging. ADCT also has the potential to use dual-energy CT and subtraction CT to enable contrast-enhanced visualization by means of not only iodine but also xenon or krypton for functional evaluations. Therefore, systems using ADCT may be able to function as a pulmonary functional imaging tool. This review is intended to help the reader understand, with study results published during the last a few decades, the basic or clinical evidence about (1) newly applied reconstruction methods for radiation dose reduction for functional ADCT, (2) morphology-based pulmonary functional imaging, (3) pulmonary perfusion evaluation, (4) ventilation assessment, and (5) biomechanical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Ohno
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Ozawa
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Hiroyuki Nagata
- Joint Research Laboratory of Advanced Medical Imaging, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan;
| | - Shuji Bando
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Shang Cong
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Tomoki Takahashi
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Yuka Oshima
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Nayu Hamabuchi
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Takahiro Matsuyama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Takahiro Ueda
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
| | - Takeshi Yoshikawa
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi 673-0021, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Takenaka
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Hyogo Cancer Center, Akashi 673-0021, Hyogo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Toyama
- Department of Radiology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake 470-1192, Aichi, Japan; (Y.O.)
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Inoue Y, Itoh H, Nagahara K, Hata H, Mitsui K. Relationships of Radiation Dose Indices with Body Size Indices in Adult Body Computed Tomography. Tomography 2023; 9:1381-1392. [PMID: 37489478 PMCID: PMC10366833 DOI: 10.3390/tomography9040110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the relationships between radiation dose indices and body size indices in adult body computed tomography (CT). A total of 3200 CT scans of the thoracic, abdominal, abdominopelvic, or thoraco-abdominopelvic regions performed using one of four CT scanners were analyzed. Volume CT dose index (CTDIvol) and dose length product (DLP) were compared with various body size indices derived from CT images (water-equivalent diameter, WED; effective diameter, ED) and physical measurements (weight, weight/height, body mass index, and body surface area). CTDIvol showed excellent positive linear correlations with WED and ED. CTDIvol also showed high linear correlations with physical measurement-based indices, whereas the correlation coefficients were lower than for WED and ED. Among the physical measurement-based indices, weight/height showed the strongest correlations, followed by weight. Compared to CTDIvol, the correlation coefficients with DLP tended to be lower for WED, ED, and weight/height and higher for weight. The standard CTDIvol values at 60 kg and dose increase ratios with increasing weight, estimated using the regression equations, differed among scanners. Radiation dose indices closely correlated with body size indices such as WED, ED, weight/height, and weight. The relationships between dose and body size differed among scanners, indicating the significance of dose management considering body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Itoh
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan
| | - Kazunori Nagahara
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Hata
- Department of Radiology, Kitasato University Hospital, Sagamihara 252-0375, Japan
| | - Kohei Mitsui
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara 252-0374, Japan
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Hagar MT, Soschynski M, Benndorf M, Stein T, Taron J, Schlett CL, Bamberg F, Krauss T. Enhancing Radiation Dose Efficiency in Prospective ECG-Triggered Coronary CT Angiography Using Calcium-Scoring CT. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:2062. [PMID: 37370957 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13122062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigates whether the scan length adjustment of prospectively ECG-triggered coronary CT angiography (CCTA) using calcium-scoring CT (CAS-CT) images can reduce overall radiation doses. METHODS A retrospective analysis was conducted on 182 patients who underwent CAS-CT and prospectively ECG-triggered CCTA using a second-generation Dual-Source CT scanner. CCTA planning was based on CAS-CT images, for which simulated scout view planning was performed for comparison. Effective doses were compared between two scenarios: Scenario 1-CAS-CT-derived CCTA + CAS-CT and Scenario 2-scout-view-derived CCTA without CAS-CT. Dose differences were further analyzed with respect to scan mode and body mass index. RESULTS Planning CCTA using CAS-CT led to a shorter scan length than planning via scout view (114.3 ± 9.7 mm vs. 133.7 ± 13.2 mm, p < 0.001). The whole-examination effective dose was slightly lower for Scenario 1 (3.2 [1.8-5.3] mSv vs. 3.4 [1.5-5.9] mSv; p < 0.001, n = 182). Notably, Scenario 1 resulted in a significantly lower radiation dose for sequential scans and obese patients. Only high-pitch spiral CCTA showed dose reduction in Scenario 2. CONCLUSIONS Using CAS-CT for planning prospectively ECG-triggered CCTA reduced the overall radiation dose administered compared to scout view planning without CAS-CT, except for high-pitch spiral CCTA, where a slightly opposite effect was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Taha Hagar
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Martin Soschynski
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Benndorf
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Faculty OWL, University of Bielefeld, Klinikum Lippe, 32756 Detmold, Germany
| | - Thomas Stein
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jana Taron
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christopher L Schlett
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Bamberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Krauss
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany
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46
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Qian PY, Liu Y, Ren J, Xu XJ, Zhao ZX, Cao CJ, Yang L. [Research Progress in Diagnostic Reference Levels in Interventional Radiology]. Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao 2023; 45:506-511. [PMID: 37407541 DOI: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503x.15250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
During interventional procedures,subjects are exposed to direct and scattered X-rays.Establishing diagnostic reference levels is an ideal way to optimize the radiation dose and reduce radiation hazard.In recent years,diagnostic reference levels in interventional radiology have been established in different countries.However,because of the too many indicators for characterizing the radiation dose,the indicators used to establish diagnostic reference levels vary in different countries.The research achievements in this field remain to be reviewed.We carried out a retrospective analysis of the definition,establishment method,application,and main factors influencing the dose difference of the diagnostic reference level,aiming to provide a basis for establishing the diagnostic reference level for interventional procedures in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Yi Qian
- School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China
| | - Yun Liu
- School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China
| | - Jia Ren
- School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China
| | - Xiao-Jun Xu
- School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China
| | - Zhi-Xin Zhao
- Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease,Hangzhou 310014,China
| | - Cheng-Jian Cao
- Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease,Hangzhou 310014,China
| | - Lei Yang
- School of Public Health,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou 311121,China
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47
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Kweon DC. Radiation exposure in cone beam CT measured using a MOSFET and RPLGD dosimeter and Monte Carlo simulation in phantom. J Xray Sci Technol 2023:XST230026. [PMID: 37248944 DOI: 10.3233/xst-230026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Due to the wide application of the cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) in clinical practice, it is important to assess radiation dose of CBCT more accurately and efficiently in different clinical applications. OBJECTIVE This study aims to calculate effective and absorbed doses in CBCT measured in an anthropomorphic phantom using computer-based Monte Carlo (PCXMC) software, and to conduct comparative evaluations of MOSFET (metal- oxide- semiconductor field-effect transistor) and radiophotoluminescence glass dosimeters (RPLGD). METHODS Effective and absorbed organ doses are compared with those obtained using MOSFET and RPLGD dosimetry in an anthropomorphic phantom given the same exposure settings. Effective and absorbed organ doses from CBCT during scout and main projections are calculated using PCXMC and PCXMCRotation software, respectively. RESULTS The mean effective dose from CBCT calculated using PCXMC software is 233.8μSv, while the doses calculated using dosimetry (MOSFET and RPLGD) are 266.67μSv and 268.78μSv, respectively. The X-ray source variation is 0.79%. The prescription limits based on the Friedman test for MOSFET and RPLGD pre-points (i.e., in an analytical analysis of diagnostic names in CBCT) are not statistically significant. The calculated correlation coefficient between MOSFET- and RPLGD-derived absorbed dose values with respect to a field of view CBCT parameter of 17×13.5 mm is r = 0.8623. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrates that the PCXMC software may be used as an alternative to MOSFET and RPLGD dosimetry for effective and absorbed organ dose estimation in CBCT conducted with a large FOV in an anthropomorphic phantom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dae Cheol Kweon
- Department of Radiological Science, Shinhan University, Uijeongbu, Republic of Korea
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48
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Li J, Zhang G, Di A, Yuan H. Refining the radiation and contrast medium dose in weight-grouped scanning protocols for coronary CT angiography. J Appl Clin Med Phys 2023:e14041. [PMID: 37211752 DOI: 10.1002/acm2.14041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To refine the currently used, weight-grouped protocol for coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA), in terms of the radiation and contrast medium dose, through clinical evaluation. METHODS Following the current routine setting that varies between three weight groups (group A: 55-65 kg, group B: 66-75 kg, group C: 76-85 kg), three additional reduction protocols were proposed to each group, with different combinations of lowered tube voltage (70-100 kVp), tube current (100-220 mAs), and iodine delivery rate (0.8-1.5 gI/s). A total of 321 patients scheduled for CCTA due to suspected coronary artery disease were enrolled, who were randomly assigned to one of the four subgroups of settings under the corresponding weight group. The resulting objective image quality was compared by measuring the contrast-to-noise ratio and signal-to-noise ratio. Subjective image quality was graded by two radiologists using a 4-point Likert scale, on a total of 3848 segments. The optimal protocol for each weight group was determined with respect to the image quality and the applied radiation dose. RESULTS For all three groups, no significant difference was noticed in objective images quality between subgroups of dose settings (all p > 0.05). The average score on subjective image quality was ≥3 for every subgroup, while the percentage of score 4 showed greater dependence on the setting, ranging from 83.2% to 91.5%, and was chosen to be the determining factor. The optimal dose settings were found to be 80 kVp, 150 mAs, and 1.0 gI/s for patients of 55-75 kg in weight, and 100 kVp, 170 mAs, and 1.5 gI/s for those of 76-85 kg. CONCLUSION It is feasible to refine the currently used, weight-grouped protocol for CCTA in terms of radiation and contrast medium dose, by use of an optimization strategy where the balance between dose and image quality can be improved in a routine clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Li
- United Imaging Healthcare, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Aihui Di
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huishu Yuan
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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49
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Sakauchi K, Otaki JM. Imaging Plate Autoradiography for Ingested Anthropogenic Cesium-137 in Butterfly Bodies: Implications for the Biological Impacts of the Fukushima Nuclear Accident. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13051211. [PMID: 37240856 DOI: 10.3390/life13051211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The Fukushima nuclear accident in March 2011 caused biological impacts on the pale grass blue butterfly Zizeeria maha. At least some of the impacts are likely mediated by the host plant, resulting in "field effects". However, to obtain the whole picture of the impacts, direct exposure effects should also be evaluated. Here, we examined the distribution of experimentally ingested anthropogenic cesium-137 (137Cs) in adult butterfly bodies using imaging plate autoradiography. We showed that 137Cs ingested by larvae was incorporated into adult bodies and was biased to females, although the majority of ingested 137Cs was excreted in the pupal cuticle and excretory material during eclosion. 137Cs accumulation in adult bodies was the highest in the abdomen, followed by the thorax and other organs. These results suggest that 137Cs accumulation in reproductive organs may cause adverse transgenerational or maternal effects mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) on germ cells. 137Cs accumulation was detected in field individuals collected in September 2011 and September 2016 but not in May 2011, which is consistent with the abnormality dynamics known from previous studies. Taken together, these results contribute to an integrative understanding of the multifaceted biological effects of the Fukushima nuclear accident in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Sakauchi
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Joji M Otaki
- The BCPH Unit of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemistry, Biology and Marine Science, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan
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50
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Martinez Del Carmen DT, Saldaña Gutierrez P, Vila Coll R, Iborra Ortega E. Radiation Exposure in Endovascular Surgery According to Complexity: Protocol for a Prospective Observational Study. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:mps6030049. [PMID: 37218909 DOI: 10.3390/mps6030049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In the past decades, we have witnessed tremendous developments in endovascular surgery. Nowadays, highly complex procedures are performed by minimally invasive means. A key point is equipment improvement. Modern C-arms provide advanced imaging capabilities, facilitating endovascular navigation with an adequate open surgical environment. Nevertheless, radiation exposure remains an issue of concern. This study aims to analyze radiation used during endovascular procedures according to complexity, comparing a mobile X-ray system with a hybrid room (fixed X-ray system). This is an observational and prospective study based on a cohort of non-randomized patients treated by endovascular procedures in a Vascular Surgery department using two imaging systems. The study is planned for a 3-year duration with a recruitment period of 30 months (beginning 20 July 2021) and a 1-month follow-up period for each patient. This is the first prospective study designed to describe the radiation dose according to the complexity of the procedure. Another strength of this study is that radiologic variables are obtained directly from the C-arm and no additional measurements are required for feasibility benefit. The results from this study will help us determine the level of radiation in different endovascular procedures, in view of their complexity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pablo Saldaña Gutierrez
- Medical Physics and Radiological Protection Department, Institut Català d'Oncologia|Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramon Vila Coll
- Angiology and Vascular Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Iborra Ortega
- Angiology and Vascular Surgery Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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