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Kumar A, Sällström E, Sebben S, Jacobson B, Amiri K. Prediction of Drivers' Subjective Evaluation of Vehicle Reaction Under Aerodynamic Excitations. Hum Factors 2024; 66:1600-1615. [PMID: 36802954 DOI: 10.1177/00187208231157935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objectives are to determine which quantities are important to measure to determine how drivers perceive vehicle stability, and to develop a regression model to predict which induced external disturbances drivers are able to feel. BACKGROUND Driver experience of a vehicle's dynamic performance is important to auto manufacturers. Test engineers and test drivers perform several on-road assessments to evaluate the vehicle's dynamic performance before sign-off for production. The presence of external disturbances such as aerodynamic forces and moments play a significant role in the overall vehicle assessment. As a result, it is important to understand the relation between the subjective experience of the drivers and these external disturbances acting on the vehicle. METHOD A sequence of external yaw and roll moment disturbances of varying amplitudes and frequencies is added to a straight-line high-speed stability simulation test in a driving simulator. The tests are performed with both common and professional test drivers, and their evaluations to these external disturbances are recorded. The sampled data from these tests are used to generate the needed regression model. RESULTS A model is derived for predicting which disturbances drivers can feel. It quantifies difference in sensitivity between driver types and between yaw and roll disturbances. CONCLUSION The model shows a relationship between steering input and driver sensitivity to external disturbances in a straight-line drive. Drivers are more sensitive to yaw disturbance than roll disturbance and increased steering input lowers sensitivity. APPLICATION Identify the threshold above which unexpected disturbances such as aerodynamic excitations can potentially create unstable vehicle behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Kumar
- Department of Mechanics and Maritime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- Volvo Cars Corporation, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Simone Sebben
- Department of Mechanics and Martime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Bengt Jacobson
- Department of Mechanics and Martime Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
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Seto E, Kosaka T, Hatta K, Mameno T, Mihara Y, Fushida S, Murotani Y, Maeda E, Akema S, Takahashi T, Wada M, Gondo Y, Masui Y, Ishizaki T, Kamide K, Kabayama M, Ikebe K. Factors related to subjective evaluation of difficulty in chewing among community-dwelling older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24 Suppl 1:327-333. [PMID: 38114072 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.14783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
AIM Awareness of difficulty chewing may limit the diversity of food intake in older adults. However, few studies have clarified which factors are related to subjective difficulty in chewing. The aim was to identify factors related to subjective difficulty in chewing in 70- and 80-year-old Japanese older adults. METHODS A total of 1680 participants (792 men, 888 women) were surveyed. Difficulty in chewing was assessed with questionnaires regarding food intake, such as rice, apples, beef, and hard rice crackers. The participants were classified into two groups, the "with difficulty" group (participants who answered "cannot eat," "can eat with difficulty," and "can eat if small") and the "without difficulty" group (participants who answered "can eat without problems"), according to their answers to questionnaires for each food. A logistic regression analysis with subjective difficulty in chewing as the dependent variable was performed for each food. RESULTS Subjective difficulty in chewing was associated with age, occlusal force, and depression for rice; age, number of remaining teeth, occlusal force, and depression for apples; number of remaining teeth, occlusal force, and depression for beef; and number of remaining teeth and occlusal force for hard rice crackers. CONCLUSIONS Age, number of remaining teeth, and occlusal force, as well as depression, might be related to subjective evaluation of difficulty chewing in community-dwelling Japanese older adults. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2024; 24: 327-333.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eri Seto
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kosaka
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kodai Hatta
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Mameno
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Mihara
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuri Fushida
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Murotani
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Erisa Maeda
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Suzuna Akema
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Toshihito Takahashi
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Wada
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Gondo
- Department of Clinical Thanatology and Geriatric Behavioral Science, Osaka University Graduate School of Human Sciences, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yukie Masui
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Ishizaki
- Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Kamide
- Department of Geriatric and General Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mai Kabayama
- Division of Health Sciences, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazunori Ikebe
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics and Gerodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka, Japan
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Wang H, Dai Y, Li X, Yu L. Associations of Training and Academic Stress with Sleep in Dual-Career Collegiate Badminton Athletes: A Preliminary Study. Nat Sci Sleep 2024; 16:43-52. [PMID: 38283369 PMCID: PMC10822114 DOI: 10.2147/nss.s432475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Poor sleep negatively impacts cognitive and physical functioning and affects athletic and academic achievement. "Dual-career" athletes emphasize the pursuit of academic excellence along with athletic performance. Purpose The study aimed to assess sleep characteristics and sleep quality in dual-career collegiate badminton athletes. Furthermore, the study explored associations between training and academic stress and sleep, providing a theoretical basis for better training and sleep programs for dual-career athletes. Participants and Methods In this study, 15 dual-career collegiate badminton athletes were recruited, and 12 subjects (male n = 8, female n = 4, mean age 20.3 ± 1.7) completed the questionnaire. Repeated measurements were taken monthly in the spring semester from March to August 2021. The questionnaire assessed sleep quality and daytime sleepiness by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and Epworth Sleepiness Score (ESS). Moreover, we collected average training, study time per week, and monthly sports competitions and academic tests to quantify participants' training and academic stress. Results An average of 36.1% of dual-career athletes reported poor sleep and 25.0% had excessive daytime sleepiness. Overall, a significant positive correlation existed between PSQI scores and weekly study hours (r = 0.308, p = 0.009). Significant positive correlations were found between the four stressors and PSQI (August: r = 0.868, p < 0.001; July: r = 0.573, p = 0.026) or ESS scores (March: r = -0.678, p = 0.015; August: r = 0.598, p = 0.040) for specific months. Hierarchical linear modeling (HLM) analysis identified that lower study and training hours predict better sleep quality. Conclusion Dual-career collegiate badminton athletes had a higher prevalence of poor sleep and daytime sleepiness, and daytime sleepiness did not result in better sleep quality; study and training hours had the greatest effect on the sleep quality of dual-career collegiate badminton athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haonan Wang
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physical Education and Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinghong Dai
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Li
- Department of Physical Education and Research, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People’s Republic of China
- School of Sport Training, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430079, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liang Yu
- Department of Exercise Physiology, School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China
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Jiang K, Zhang Y, Shi V. Perception-reality bias: the differences in government trust across income groups. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1157828. [PMID: 37546455 PMCID: PMC10400436 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1157828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper first measures and compares the size of middle-income groups in China based on the subjective income evaluation method and the objective criteria. Second, it empirically investigates the differences in government trust of different income groups defined by the subjective evaluation method and the objective criteria. It is found that there is a significant difference between the results of the subjective evaluation of income and objective criteria. Compared with individuals in the middle-income group, individuals in the low-income group have a significantly worse overall evaluation of local government and a considerably lower trust in local government officials. On the other hand, individuals in the high-income group have a substantially better assessment of local government and a significantly higher trust in local government officials. However, the differences in trust in government across income groups defined by objective criteria are insignificant overall. In terms of policy insights, the effect of targeting low-income groups determined by subjective evaluation may be more effective in improving people's trust in the government.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kezhong Jiang
- School of Public Finance and Administration, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiqiang Zhang
- School of Public Finance and Administration, Shanghai Lixin University of Accounting and Finance, Shanghai, China
| | - Victor Shi
- Lazaridis School of Business and Economics, Wilfrid Laurier University, Waterloo, ON, Canada
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Shao S, Mitsutake T, Maruyama H. Effects of Diamond Steps Exercises on Balance Improvement in Healthy Young and Older Adults: A Protocol Proposal. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:1834. [PMID: 37444668 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11131834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diamond step (DS) exercises are associated with multiple components of postural control and, thus, have the potential to efficiently improve balance ability. This study aimed to verify whether DS exercises contribute to improving balance ability. This study included 35 healthy young people and 29 older adults. DS exercises were performed continuously for 3 min, four times a week, for 1 month. Balance ability was assessed at baseline and after 1 and 2 months; eight items in total were examined: 30 s chair stand test, functional reach test, standing on one leg with eyes closed, time required for five rounds of DS, left-right DS, Y balance test, open-close stepping test, and finger-to-floor distance. The difficulty, achievement, and lightness/enjoyment of DS exercises were measured after the first practice and 1 month after beginning the exercises as subjective evaluations. Older adults showed improvement in seven of the eight items, with the exception being the one-legged stance with closed eyes. The subjective evaluation showed a decrease in the level of difficulty of DS exercises for older adults. DS exercises may improve balance by effectively utilizing various postural control strategies. These exercises can be effective and easy to implement, given their moderate difficulty level and self-efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangyan Shao
- Graduate School of Physical Therapy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, 3-6-40 Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0001, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Mitsutake
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, 3-6-40 Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0001, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Maruyama
- Graduate School of Physical Therapy, International University of Health and Welfare, 2600-1 Kitakanemaru, Otawara 324-8501, Tochigi, Japan
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka International University of Health and Welfare, 3-6-40 Momochihama, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka 814-0001, Fukuoka, Japan
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Kyung M, Kim D, Ham S. Factors affecting the willingness to pay extra for safe food. Nutr Res Pract 2023; 17:565-582. [PMID: 37266113 PMCID: PMC10232205 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2023.17.3.565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES With the outbreak of infectious diseases, such as coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), public interest in health and safety has increased, and consequently, interests in food safety have been heightened too. The purpose of this study was to compare and analyze the involvement of various categories of consumers in food safety, the subjective evaluation of food safety in Korea, and the willingness of the consumers to pay extra for safe food according to their demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. MATERIALS/METHODS This study used data from the 2020 Consumer Behavior Survey for Food provided by the Korea Rural Economic Institute (KREI). The subjects were 6,355 adult household members aged 19 to 75 years old. The survey was conducted from June 10th to August 21st, 2020. The data for the study were subjected to statistical analyses, including descriptive statistics, complex sample general linear model, k-means cluster, and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS The factors affecting the willingness to pay extra for safe food were education level, occupation, monthly household income, presence of a young (teenager) household member, and the subjects' involvement in food safety. the significant factors affecting the willingness to pay extra for safe food were sex, age, and income level for the group exhibiting a low level of involvement in food safety, while education level and presence of a young household member were the statistically significant factors for the group exhibiting a high level of involvement in food safety. CONCLUSION This study verified the differences in the factors associated with the willingness to pay extra for safe food according to the demographic and socioeconomic characteristics, involvement in food safety, subjective evaluation of food safety. This study offers practical implications to the industry and government that would help in directing strategies to strengthen safe food management.
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Affiliation(s)
- MinSook Kyung
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - DongYoung Kim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Sunny Ham
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Chen Y, Zhou E, Wang Y, Wu Y, Xu G, Chen L. The past, present, and future of sleep quality assessment and monitoring. Brain Res 2023; 1810:148333. [PMID: 36931581 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Sleep quality is considered to be an individual's self-satisfaction with all aspects of the sleep experience. Good sleep not only improves a person's physical, mental and daily functional health, but also improves the quality-of-life level to some extent. In contrast, chronic sleep deprivation can increase the risk of diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic dysfunction and cognitive and emotional dysfunction, and can even lead to increased mortality. The scientific evaluation and monitoring of sleep quality is an important prerequisite for safeguarding and promoting the physiological health of the body. Therefore, we have compiled and reviewed the existing methods and emerging technologies commonly used for subjective and objective evaluation and monitoring of sleep quality, and found that subjective sleep evaluation is suitable for clinical screening and large-scale studies, while objective evaluation results are more intuitive and scientific, and in the comprehensive evaluation of sleep, if we want to get more scientific monitoring results, we should combine subjective and objective monitoring and dynamic monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Chen
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Enyuan Zhou
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Yuxiang Wu
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Guodong Xu
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430056, China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Physical Education, Jianghan University, Wuhan Hubei, 430056, China.
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Merrill JE, Boyle HK, Stevens AK, Jackson KM, Miranda R, Carey KB. Real-time and next-morning correlates of subjective alcohol consequence evaluations. Psychol Addict Behav 2023; 37:247-257. [PMID: 35025553 PMCID: PMC9276850 DOI: 10.1037/adb0000812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is considerable variation in how college student drinkers evaluate alcohol-related consequences across time and consequence type. Previous qualitative work suggested that students perceive consequences less negatively under certain circumstances (i.e., higher intoxication, when less time has passed, positive mood, after discussing with friends). The present study sought to confirm these patterns, using ecological momentary assessment (EMA) during drinking episodes paired with retrospective next-day assessments. METHOD For 28 days, heavy-drinking college students (n = 90, 50% female) completed self-reports during drinking episodes and the next morning. Measures included alcohol use, subjective intoxication, mood, negative consequences (e.g., being aggressive) and positive consequences (e.g., new friend), and consequence-specific evaluations. RESULTS Consistent with hypotheses, multilevel models revealed that during drinking events compared to the next morning, average evaluations of negative and positive consequences were less negative and more positive, respectively. During drinking events, neither subjective intoxication nor estimated blood alcohol concentration (eBAC) was associated with positive or negative evaluations. In morning reports, more positive mood was associated with less negative evaluations of negative consequences and more positive evaluations of positive consequences. Next-day discussion with friends was not significantly associated with consequence evaluations. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to assess subjective consequence evaluations in real time as well as retrospectively, for the same events. Findings continue to support the role of context (timing, mood) on subjective consequence evaluations, and suggest that ecological momentary interventions targeting alcohol consequences and related cognitions might best be delivered the morning after drinking, to capitalize on relatively more negative perceptions of one's drinking experiences. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E. Merrill
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Holly K. Boyle
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Angela K. Stevens
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kristina M. Jackson
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Robert Miranda
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Kate B. Carey
- Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI, USA
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Zhu G, Yuan M, Ma H, Luo Z, Shao S. Restorative effect of audio and visual elements in urban waterfront spaces. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1113134. [PMID: 36949907 PMCID: PMC10025321 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1113134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Urban waterfront spaces are often composed of built infrastructures and nature elements. Though citizens could take advantage of these public spaces to relax from daily work, its restorative potential has not been paid enough attention. In this study, the restorative effect and mechanism of different audio and visual elements in urban waterfront spaces was systematically studied. Methods At the first stage, restorative potential of waterfront spaces was investigated and different elements with restorative effects were identified through an on-site survey, in which visual and auditory forms of environmental-nature, animal-nature, on-water human activities and on-shore human activities were identified. At the second stage, a series of laboratory experiments were conducted to explore the restorative function of the audio and visual elements. Results and discussion It is found that the degree of artificiality of waterfront space was a crucial factor influencing the restoration level of the space, and higher artificiality level of waterfront space resulted in lower level of perceived restoration. However it was available by adding visual and audio elements to the scene to facilitate the restorative effect in waterfront spaces with high-level artificiality. The effects of adding visual and auditory elements on psychophysiological restoration were explored, and elements that should be recommended and restrained were discussed. Prospects These findings would provide applicable suggestions for future design and rebuilding of urban waterfront spaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofeng Zhu
- School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minmin Yuan
- Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Minmin Yuan,
| | - Hui Ma
- School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Hui Ma,
| | - Zhaoxin Luo
- School of Architecture, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shegang Shao
- Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport, Beijing, China
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Houben R, Reinten I, Dreschler WA, Mathijssen R, Dijkstra TMH. Preferred Strength of Noise Reduction for Normally Hearing and Hearing-Impaired Listeners. Trends Hear 2023; 27:23312165231211437. [PMID: 37990543 PMCID: PMC10666719 DOI: 10.1177/23312165231211437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Preference for noise reduction (NR) strength differs between individuals. The purpose of this study was (1) to investigate whether hearing loss influences this preference, (2) to find the number of distinct settings required to classify participants in similar groups based on their preference for NR strength, and (3) to estimate the number of paired comparisons needed to predict to which preference group a participant belongs. A paired comparison paradigm was used in which participants listened to pairs of speech-in-noise stimuli processed by NR with 10 different strength settings. Participants indicated their preferred sound sample. The 30 participants were divided into three groups according to hearing status (normal hearing, mild hearing loss, and moderate hearing loss). The results showed that (1) participants with moderate hearing loss preferred stronger NR than participants with normal hearing; (2) cluster analysis based solely on the preference for NR strength showed that the data could be described well by dividing the participants into three preference clusters; (3) the appropriate cluster membership could be found with 15 paired comparisons. We conclude that on average, a higher hearing loss is related to a preference for stronger NR, at least for our NR algorithm and our participants. The results show that it might be possible to use a limited set of pre-set NR strengths that can be chosen clinically. For our NR one might use three settings: no NR, intermediate NR, and strong NR. Paired comparisons might be used to find the optimal one of the three settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolph Houben
- Pento Audiological Centre, Amersfoort, The Netherlands
| | - Ilja Reinten
- Clinical and Experimental Audiology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wouter A. Dreschler
- Clinical and Experimental Audiology, Amsterdam UMC location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Tjeerd M. H. Dijkstra
- Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Women’s Health, University Clinic Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute for Translational Bioinformatics, University Clinic Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Sun M, Nakashima T, Yoshimura Y, Honden A, Nakagawa T, Nakashima Y, Kawaguchi M, Takamori Y, Koshi Y, Sawada R, Nishida S, Ohnuki K, Shimizu K. Physiological and Psychological Effects of Volatile Organic Compounds from Dried Common Rush ( Juncus effusus L. var. decipiens Buchen.) on Humans. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:ijerph19031856. [PMID: 35162880 PMCID: PMC8834784 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This study compared the participants’ physiological responses and subjective evaluations of air scented with different concentrations of common rush (Juncus effusus L. var. decipiens Buchen.) (30 g and 15 g, with fresh air as a control). We asked 20 participants to complete a series of visual discrimination tasks while inhaling two different air samples. We evaluated (1) brain activity, (2) autonomic nervous activity, and (3) blood pressure and pulse rate, (4) in combination with self-evaluation. In addition, we quantified the concentrations of volatile organic compounds. The participants reported the scent to be sour, pungent, and smelly; this impression was likely caused by hexanal and acetic acid. Although the self-evaluations showed that participants did not enjoy the scent, their alpha amplitudes of electroencephalogram and parasympathetic nervous activity were increased, suggesting that participants were relaxed in this atmosphere. Moreover, a lower concentration resulted in a greater induction of relaxation. While the air was not pleasant-smelling, the volatile organic compounds present had a positive psychophysiological impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkai Sun
- School of Architecture and Urban Planning, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215000, China;
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Taisuke Nakashima
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Yuri Yoshimura
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Akiyoshi Honden
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.H.); (T.N.)
| | - Toshinori Nakagawa
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.H.); (T.N.)
- Department of Biological Resources Management, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 5228533, Japan
| | - Yu Nakashima
- Kumamoto Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Agricultural System Research Institute, Yatsushiro 8694201, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.K.); (R.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Makoto Kawaguchi
- Kumamoto Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Agricultural System Research Institute, Yatsushiro 8694201, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.K.); (R.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Yukimitsu Takamori
- Kumamoto Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Agricultural System Research Institute, Yatsushiro 8694201, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.K.); (R.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Yoshitaka Koshi
- Kumamoto Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Agricultural System Research Institute, Yatsushiro 8694201, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.K.); (R.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Rimpei Sawada
- Kumamoto Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Agricultural System Research Institute, Yatsushiro 8694201, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.K.); (R.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Shinsuke Nishida
- Kumamoto Prefectural Agricultural Research Center Agricultural System Research Institute, Yatsushiro 8694201, Japan; (Y.N.); (M.K.); (Y.T.); (Y.K.); (R.S.); (S.N.)
| | - Koichiro Ohnuki
- Faculty of Humanity-Oriented Science and Engineering, Kindai University, Iizuka 8200011, Japan;
| | - Kuniyoshi Shimizu
- Department of Agro-Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; (T.N.); (Y.Y.); (A.H.); (T.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-92-802-4675
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Merrill JE, López G, Stevens AK, Singh S, Laws MB, Mastroleo N, Magill M, Monti P, Kahler CW. Discussion of alcohol consequences during a brief motivational intervention session: Comparing those who do and do not increase readiness to change. Addict Res Theory 2022; 30:279-287. [PMID: 37180491 PMCID: PMC10181841 DOI: 10.1080/16066359.2021.2021401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to take an inductive, qualitative approach to understanding how discussion of alcohol-related consequences during brief motivational interventions (BMI) relate to readiness to change (RTC) prior to versus at the end of a session. Participants were thirty-four adults (35% female) recruited from the emergency room and enrolled in a randomized clinical trial of a BMI for risky alcohol use and risky sex. Seventeen participants both began and remained low on RTC over the course of the session. We selected 17 additional participants, matched on demographics, but who increased RTC over the session. Transcripts were qualitatively coded and analyzed separately within groups. Among participants who increased their RTC relative to participants who remained low on RTC by BMI end, evaluation of alcohol consequences as negative was more typical. In both groups, several consequences were neutrally evaluated. Many who remained low on RTC attributed consequences to something other than alcohol and/or minimized consequence severity. Study findings highlight the value for clinicians in eliciting and maximizing the importance of subjectively negative recent consequences to perhaps increase heavy drinkers' readiness to decrease heavy alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela López
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence RI, USA
| | | | - Samyukta Singh
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence RI, USA
| | - M Barton Laws
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence RI, USA
| | - Nadine Mastroleo
- Binghamton University, Department of Psychology, Binghamton, NY, USA
| | - Molly Magill
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence RI, USA
| | - Peter Monti
- Brown University School of Public Health, Providence RI, USA
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Rodriguez-Gallo Y, Orozco-Morales R, Marlen Perez-Diaz. Analysis of objective quality metrics in computed tomography images affected by metal artifacts. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2021; 67:1-9. [PMID: 34964320 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2020-0244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Image quality (IQ) assessment plays an important role in the medical world. New methods to evaluate image quality have been developed, but their application in the context of computer tomography is yet limited. In this paper the performance of fifteen well-known full reference (FR) IQ metrics is compared with human judgment using images affected by metal artifacts and processed with metal artifact reduction methods from a phantom. Five region of interest with different sizes were selected. IQ was evaluated by seven experienced radiologists completely blinded to the information. To measure the correlation between FR-IQ, and the score assigned by radiologists non-parametric Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient and Kendall's Rank-order Correlation coefficient were used; so as root mean square error and the mean absolute error to measure the prediction accuracy. Cohen's kappa was employed with the purpose of assessing inter-observer agreement. The metrics GMSD, IWMSE, IWPSNR, WSNR and OSS-PSNR were the best ranked. Inter-observer agreement was between 0.596 and 0.954, with p<0.001 in all study. The objective scores predicted by these methods correlate consistently with the subjective evaluations. The application of this metrics will make possible a better evaluation of metal artifact reduction algorithms in future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yakdiel Rodriguez-Gallo
- Departamento de Control Automático, Universidad Central 'Marta Abreu' de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Ruben Orozco-Morales
- Departamento de Control Automático, Universidad Central 'Marta Abreu' de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
| | - Marlen Perez-Diaz
- Departamento de Control Automático, Universidad Central 'Marta Abreu' de Las Villas, Santa Clara, Cuba
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Kubiak AM, Rennies J, Ewert SD, Kollmeier B. Relation between hearing abilities and preferred playback settings for speech perception in complex listening conditions. Int J Audiol 2021; 61:965-974. [PMID: 34612124 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1980233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigated if individual preferences with respect to the trade-off between a good signal-to-noise ratio and a distortion-free speech target were stable across different masking conditions and if simple adjustment methods could be used to identify subjects as either "noise haters" or "distortions haters". DESIGN In each masking condition, subjects could adjust the target speech level according to their preferences by employing (i) linear gain or gain at the cost of (ii) clipping distortions or (iii) compression distortions. The comparison of these processing conditions allowed investigating the preferred trade-off between distortions and noise disturbance. STUDY SAMPLE Thirty subjects differing widely in hearing status (normal-hearing to moderately impaired) and age (23-85 years). RESULTS High test-retest stability of individual preferences was found for all modification schemes. The preference adjustments suggested that subjects could be consistently categorised along a scale from "noise haters" to "distortion haters", and this preference trait remained stable through all maskers, spatial conditions, and types of distortions. CONCLUSIONS Employing quick self-adjustment to collect listening preferences in complex listening conditions revealed a stable preference trait along the "noise vs. distortions" tolerance dimension. This could potentially help in fitting modern hearing aid algorithms to the individual user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra M Kubiak
- Fraunhofer IDMT, Project Group Hearing, Speech and Audio Technology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Jan Rennies
- Fraunhofer IDMT, Project Group Hearing, Speech and Audio Technology, Cluster of Excellence "Hearing4all", Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Stephan D Ewert
- Medizinische Physik, Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Birger Kollmeier
- Medizinische Physik, Cluster of Excellence Hearing4all, Carl von Ossietzky Universität, Oldenburg, Germany
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Zhang Z, Zhuo K, Wei W, Li F, Yin J, Xu L. Emotional Responses to the Visual Patterns of Urban Streets: Evidence from Physiological and Subjective Indicators. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:9677. [PMID: 34574601 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Despite recent progress in the research of people's emotional response to the environment, the built-rather than natural-environment's emotional effects have not yet been thoroughly examined. In response to this knowledge gap, we recruited 26 participants and scrutinized their emotional response to various urban street scenes through an immersive exposure experiment using virtual reality. We utilized new physiological monitoring technologies that enable synchronized observation of the participants' electroencephalography, electrodermal activity, and heart rate, as well as their subjective indicators. With the newly introduced measurement for the global visual patterns of the built environment, we built statistical models to examine people's emotional response to the physical element configuration and color composition of street scenes. We found that more diverse and less fragmented scenes inspired positive emotional feelings. We also found (in)consistency among the physiological and subjective indicators, indicating a potentially interesting neural-physiological interpretation for the classic form-function dichotomy in architecture. Besides the practical implications on promoting physical environment design, this study combined objective physiology-monitoring technology and questionnaire-based research techniques to demonstrate a better approach to quantify environment-emotion relationships.
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Jeong J. Background Noise, Noise Sensitivity, and Attitudes towards Neighbours, and a Subjective Experiment Using a Rubber Ball Impact Sound. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:7569. [PMID: 34300019 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
When children run and jump or adults walk indoors, the impact sounds conveyed to neighbouring households have relatively high energy in low-frequency bands. The experience of and response to low-frequency floor impact sounds can differ depending on factors such as the duration of exposure, the listener’s noise sensitivity, and the level of background noise in housing complexes. In order to study responses to actual floor impact sounds, it is necessary to investigate how the response is affected by changes in the background noise and differences in the response when focusing on other tasks. In this study, the author presented subjects with a rubber ball impact sound recorded from different apartment buildings and housings and investigated the subjects’ responses to varying levels of background noise and when they were assigned tasks to change their level of attention on the presented sound. The subjects’ noise sensitivity and response to their neighbours were also compared. The results of the subjective experiment showed differences in the subjective responses depending on the level of background noise, and high intensity rubber ball impact sounds were associated with larger subjective responses. In addition, when subjects were performing a task like browsing the internet, they attended less to the rubber ball impact sound, showing a less sensitive response to the same intensity of impact sound. The responses of the group with high noise sensitivity showed an even steeper response curve with the same change in impact sound intensity. The group with less positive opinions of their neighbours showed larger changes in their subjective response, resulting in the expression of stronger opinions even to the same change in loudness of the impact sound. It was found that subjective responses were different when subjects were performing activities of daily living, such as reading or watching TV in the evening, and when they were focused on floor impact sounds in the middle of the night.
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Bakhshali MA, Gholizadeh M, Layegh P, Nahidi Y, Memarzadeh Z, Meybodi NT, Eslami S. Evaluation of High-Efficiency Image Coding algorithm for dermatology images in teledermatology. Skin Res Technol 2021; 27:1162-1168. [PMID: 34251058 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, teledermatology assumes a progressively greater role in the modern healthcare system, especially in consultation, diagnosis, or examining lesions and skin cancers. One of the major challenges facing teledermatology systems is determining the optimal image compression method to efficiently reduce the space needed for electronic storage and data transmission. OBJECTIVE To the objective and subjective assessment of HEIC compression method on dermatological color images and benchmarking the performance of High-Efficiency Image Coding (HEIC) with different algorithms to a feasibility study of the method for teledermatology. METHODS Twenty-five clinical and five skin histopathology images were taken in department of dermatology, Imam Reza Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. For each image, a set of 24 compressed images with different compression rates, which is composed of eight JPEG, eight JPEG2000, and eight HEIC images, has been prepared. Compressed and original images were shown simultaneously to three dermatologists and one dermatopathologist with different experiences. Each dermatologist scored quality and suitability of compressed images for diagnostic, as well as educational/scientific purposes. An objective evaluation was performed by calculating the mean "distance" of pixel colors and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR). RESULTS All compression rates for HEIC were objectively better than JPEG and JPEG2000, particularly at PSNR. Moreover, mean "color distance" per pixel for compressed images using HEIC was lower than others. The subjective image quality assessment also confirms the results of objective evaluation. In both educational and clinical diagnostic applications, HEIC compressed images have the highest score. CONCLUSION In consideration of objective and subjective evaluation, the HEIC algorithm represents an optimal performance in dermatology images compression compared with JPEG and JPEG2000.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad Amin Bakhshali
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Maryam Gholizadeh
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Pouran Layegh
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Yalda Nahidi
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Memarzadeh
- Department of Dermatology, Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Naser Tayebi Meybodi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saeed Eslami
- Department of Medical Informatics, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Yonemura M, Lee H, Sakamoto S. Subjective Evaluation on the Annoyance of Environmental Noise Containing Low-Frequency Tonal Components. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:7127. [PMID: 34281073 PMCID: PMC8297235 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18137127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Recently in Japan, noises from wind turbines and domestic use heat sources sometimes cause an increase in noise annoyance owing to low-frequency tonal components. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the tonal components on the annoyance of the environmental noise. The authors conducted an auditory test in the laboratory to evaluate the annoyance of tonal noise using a seven-step rating method. The stimuli were composed of a broadband noise modeling of the environmental noise (25, 30, and 35 dB) and a low-frequency tonal component. With the tonal component added to the broadband noise, the frequency and tonal audibility were varied to 40, 50, 100, 200, and 400 Hz and 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 dB, respectively. The amount of increase in annoyance owing to the addition of the tonal component was quantitatively evaluated as a tonal adjustment by comparing it with broadband noise. As a result, tonal adjustment ranged from 0 to 7 dB, and the higher the tonal frequency, the larger the value. For the test background noise level, the lower the background noise level of the test sound, the greater the value. This trend suggests that the influence of tonal components on subjective impressions is stronger in quiet environments such as residential areas. This result may provide a basis for the evaluation method, which varies the penalty in the noise evaluation according to the frequency of the pure tones and the noise level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Yonemura
- Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Komaba 4-6-1, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8505, Japan; (H.L.); (S.S.)
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Leyhr D, Bergmann F, Schreiner R, Mann D, Dugandzic D, Höner O. Relative Age-Related Biases in Objective and Subjective Assessments of Performance in Talented Youth Soccer Players. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:664231. [PMID: 34056590 PMCID: PMC8160372 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.664231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Talent research has recommended that multidimensional assessments of performance are needed to improve the identification and development of talented young athletes. However, factors such as the relative age effect may cloud our ability to assess factors related to performance. The aim of this study was to determine the extent of any relationship between soccer players' chronological and relative age, and objective and subjective performance assessments. Data for highly talented male soccer players selected into the German Soccer Associations' talent promotion program (N = 16,138) for U12 to U15 age groups (M age = 12.62 ± 1.04 years) were examined. Besides anthropometric assessments, players completed a battery of five motor tests that objectively assessed speed abilities and technical skills (specifically sprint, agility, dribbling, ball control, and juggling). In addition, coaches subjectively rated players on their kicking, tactical, and psychosocial skills, as well as providing holistic evaluations of each player's current and future performance levels. Correlation analyses were used to investigate the extent of any relationships between the chronological and relative age of players and their results for each of the assessments. A strong linear decrease in the frequency of later-born players confirmed the overrepresentation of early-born players in all age groups (0.92 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.95, each p < 0.001). From U12 to U15, significant (each p < 0.001) correlations were found between the chronological age of players and their height (|r| = 0.70), weight (|r| = 0.69), speed abilities (|r| = 0.38), and technical skills (|r| = 0.43). When evaluating each age group separately, small effects were found when correlating relative age with the anthropometric assessments (0.18 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.26), and only trivial effects with speed abilities and technical skills (0.01 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.06). Similarly, low correlations were found for the subjective evaluations of kicking, tactical, and psychosocial skills with chronological age across age groups (0.03 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.07), and with relative age in each age group (0.01 ≤ |r| ≤ 0.11). The results show a skewed distribution toward early-born players and-in reference to their relative age-advanced performance in late-born athletes. However, trends toward a better holistic rating of early-born players for current and future performance levels were found. Coaches should be aware of these effects during talent selection, but also when interpreting results from subjective and objective assessments of performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Leyhr
- Department of Sport Psychology and Research Methods, Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Methods Center, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Fynn Bergmann
- Department of Sport Psychology and Research Methods, Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Schreiner
- Department of Sport Psychology and Research Methods, Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - David Mann
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | | | - Oliver Höner
- Department of Sport Psychology and Research Methods, Institute of Sports Science, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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Valenzuela J, Díaz-Andreu M, Escera C. Psychology Meets Archaeology: Psychoarchaeoacoustics for Understanding Ancient Minds and Their Relationship to the Sacred. Front Psychol 2020; 11:550794. [PMID: 33391069 PMCID: PMC7775382 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.550794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
How important is the influence of spatial acoustics on our mental processes related to sound perception and cognition? There is a large body of research in fields encompassing architecture, musicology, and psychology that analyzes human response, both subjective and objective, to different soundscapes. But what if we want to understand how acoustic environments influenced the human experience of sound in sacred ritual practices in premodern societies? Archaeoacoustics is the research field that investigates sound in the past. One of its branches delves into how sound was used in specific landscapes and at sites with rock art, and why past societies endowed a special significance to places with specific acoustical properties. Taking advantage of the advances made in sound recording and reproduction technologies, researchers are now exploring how ancient social and sacred ceremonies and practices related to the acoustic properties of their sound environment. Here, we advocate for the emergence of a new and innovative discipline, experimental psychoarchaeoacoustics. We also review underlying methodological approaches and discuss the limitations, challenges, and future directions for this new field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Valenzuela
- Brainlab ‐ Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Margarita Díaz-Andreu
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of History and Geography, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Escera
- Brainlab ‐ Cognitive Neuroscience Research Group, Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Sant Joan de Déu Research Institute (IRSJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
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Wang S, Li Z, Ye H, Zhao W, Liu Y, Zhou Y. Preliminary clinical evaluation of traditional and a new digital PEEK occlusal splints for the management of sleep bruxism. J Oral Rehabil 2020; 47:1530-1537. [PMID: 32841412 DOI: 10.1111/joor.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the manual time and preliminary clinical effects between the digital manufactured occlusal splints for sleep bruxism patients with those of traditional hard splints. METHODS Sixteen individuals (18 to 44 y/o) with clinically diagnosed sleep bruxism were selected based on the inclusion criteria. All patients were divided into two groups, and a random control method was applied. Digital splints (test group) were designed and milled using CAD/CAM. Hard splints (control group) were made of transparent acrylic resin in laboratory office. The manual time spent including impression obtaining, splint production and clinical occlusal adjustment was recorded. A visual analog scale was used to report the subjective evaluations. The maximum depth loss and volumetric loss of the occlusal surface of splints in posterior tooth were measured. SPSS software was used for statistical analysis (P = .05). RESULTS Comparing with control group, the manual time spent in test group was significantly less in all of three procedures (P < .001). The VAS scores for retention were not significantly different (P = .086), but the wearing comfort scores of test group were significantly higher (P < .001). Both maximum depth loss (P = .007) and volumetric loss in test group were significantly less than control group (P = .005). CONCLUSION In the current study, the digitally manufactured splints exhibit significantly improved comfort and time efficiency than traditional hard splints. Moreover, the new milling material (PEEK) has better wear resistance than acrylic resins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin Wang
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqiang Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyan Zhao
- Department of Implantology, Yinchuan Stomatology Hospital, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yunsong Liu
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yongsheng Zhou
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Objective To investigate the correlations between objective measurements and subjective evaluations of post-treatment facial attractiveness. Methods Ten orthodontists rated the subjective visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the facial profiles of 95 patients who had undergone orthodontic treatment. Post-treatment cephalograms and photographs were used. Eleven soft tissue measurements and eight maxillary incisor measurements were constructed and analyzed. Correlations between objective measurements and subjective VAS scores were evaluated using Pearson correlation and quadratic regression analysis. Results The VAS scores of different facial proportions were all correlated with the total VAS score. Among soft tissue measurements, the distances from the upper and lower lips to the E line, H angle, forehead inclination, distance from lower lip to the H line, and pogonion-menton angle were negatively correlated with the VAS scores. The Z angle, with a parabolic distribution, was also correlated with the VAS scores. Among maxillary incisor measurements, the distance from the maxillary incisors to the forehead’s anterior limit line and the angulation of the maxillary incisors to the APo line were negatively correlated with the VAS scores. Conclusions Several soft tissue and maxillary incisor position measurements were correlated with facial profile evaluation and therefore might be used to evaluate facial attractiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing He
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yan Gu
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yannan Sun
- Department of Orthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology; Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing, PR China
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Ulbrichtová R, Jakušová V, Švihrová V, Dvorštiaková B, Hudečková H. Validation of the Slovakian version of Boston Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (BCTSQ). Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2020; 62:105-108. [PMID: 31663503 DOI: 10.14712/18059694.2019.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The most common occupational disease is carpal tunnel syndrome. The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Slovakian version of BCTSQ. METHODS The original questionnaire was translated into the Slovakian language by two expert translators. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to analyze the internal consistency of the questionnaire. Construction validity was evaluated by using Pearson's correlation coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation. The results were processed in the statistical program SPSS 24. The level of significance p > 0.05 was considered significant. To analyze the validity, a factor analysis of the BCTSQ and the correlation between BCTSQ and SF-36 were obtained. RESULTS A total of 32 employees at risk of local muscular overload completed the BCTSQ and Health Questionnaire SF-36. Cronbach's alpha for SSS was >0.8. The alpha coefficient for FSS was >0.9. The Pearson's coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation was >0.9 for each domain. Cronbach's alpha for SF-36 was >0.7 and the Pearson's coefficient and Spearman's rank correlation was >0.6 and p-values <0.001. CONCLUSIONS The questionnaire has sufficient reliability, validity and can be a suitable tool for the evaluation of subjective response of employees at the risk of local muscular overload, as well as of patients with carpal tunnel syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romana Ulbrichtová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
| | - Viera Jakušová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Viera Švihrová
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Barbora Dvorštiaková
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Henrieta Hudečková
- Department of Public Health, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, Comenius University in Bratislava, Slovak Republic
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Matecka M, Lelonkiewicz M, Pieczyńska A, Pawlaczyk M. Subjective Evaluation of the Results of Injectable Hyaluronic Acid Fillers for the Face. Clin Interv Aging 2020; 15:39-45. [PMID: 32021131 PMCID: PMC6968800 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s233405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skin ageing is a physiological process, progressive and irreversible. Hyaluronic acid injection treatments are used to correct the signs of skin ageing. Material and Methods Hyaluronic acid was implanted in the area of the cheek and the forehead aesthetic units in 57 women, aged 35-55 years. Apart from the clinical observation, self-assessment of the therapeutic results was conducted. The "My skin" questionnaire was used for subjective evaluation of the treatment results. Results Mean wrinkle score in the pre-menopausal group changed after the treatment, from 3.2±0.6 to 1.1±0.3 and from 3.2±0.6 to 0.8±0.6 for the forehead and the cheek esthetic units, respectively. In the post-menopausal group, the score decreased from 3.8±0.4 to 1.7± 0.7 and from 3.2±0.617 to 0.8± 0.6 for the forehead and the cheek esthetic units, respectively. The changes were age-dependent. Improved appearance of the facial skin - higher satisfaction with skin tone and scent - was reported after hyaluronic acid injections. Higher subjective perception of improvement corresponded to older age, irrespectively of the menopausal status. Correlations between age and the effect of the treatment on maintaining proper skin hydration as well as between improved appearance of the forehead area and feelings of autonomy and well-being were found. Conclusion Hyaluronic acid injections significantly improved the subjective perception and overall assessment of the scent and appearance of the facial skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Matecka
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Anna Pieczyńska
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariola Pawlaczyk
- Department of Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to examine the influence of static factors on overall seating comfort in motorcycles and validate the use of static lab-based setups for evaluating seating comfort in motorcycles. BACKGROUND Seating comfort in automobiles has two factors, static and dynamic. Research on seating comfort of passenger cars has shown that when the magnitude of vibration reaching the seat is low, comfort is largely determined by static factors. Studies have also validated the use of static lab-based setups for research on seating comfort in passenger cars. Static lab-based setups are easy to develop, provide a controlled environment, and efficient for experimental research. The riding posture, mass distribution, and dynamics of a motorcycle differ from a passenger car and warrant further investigation to extend the results from the research on passenger cars. METHOD The study compares subjective rating of seating comfort and objective measurement of seat interface pressure in two test conditions: a static lab-based setup and actual driving on a flat test track where the magnitude of vibration reaching the seat is low. The vibration at the seat is measured for the driving trial. A group of 18 male volunteers from TVS Motor Company participated in the study, and two motorcycles from the economy/executive segment of India are used in the study. The subjective ratings are analyzed statistically using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson's correlation. The vibration data are analyzed as per ISO 2631-1 to calculate the frequency-weighted acceleration, aw. RESULTS The results show that there is no significant difference between the two test conditions either in the objective measurements or in the subjective rating of comfort. There is also a statistically significant correlation between the subjective ratings of seating comfort in static lab-based setup and actual riding (r = .77, p < .01, n = 36). The mean aw at the seat while driving in the test track used in this study is 0.2 m/s2. CONCLUSION Static factors have a significant influence on seating comfort in motorcycles. When the vibration reaching the seat is low (aw ≤ 0.2 m/s2), seating comfort is largely determined by the static factors. The use of static lab-based setups for evaluating static factors of seating comfort in motorcycles is validated. APPLICATION The results of this study enable further research to understand the human criterion for seating comfort in motorcycles using static lab-based setups which are easier to develop and provide controlled environment that is essential for any research.
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Kim D, Jeong M, Bae B, Ahn C. Design of a Human Evaluator Model for the Ride Comfort of Vehicle on a Speed Bump Using a Neural Artistic Style Extraction. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19245407. [PMID: 31817951 PMCID: PMC6960580 DOI: 10.3390/s19245407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The subjective evaluation of vehicle ride comfort is costly and time-consuming but is crucial for vehicle development. To reduce the cost and time, the objectification of subjective evaluation has been widely studied, and most of the approaches use a regression model between objective metrics and subjective ratings. However, the accuracy of these approaches is highly dependent on the selection of the objective metrics. In most of the methods, it is not clear that the selected metrics are sufficiently significant or whether all significant metrics are included in the selection. This paper presents a method to build a correlation model between measurements and subjective evaluations without using predefined features or objective metrics. A numerical representation of ride comfort was extracted from raw signals based on the idea of the artistic style transfer method. The correlation model was designed based on the extracted numerical representation and subjective ratings. The model has a much better accuracy than any other correlation models in the literature. This better accuracy is contributed to not only by using a neural network, but also by the extraction of the numerical representation of ride comfort using a pre-trained neural network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donggyun Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - MyeonGyu Jeong
- Research & Development Division, Hyundai Motor Company, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi 18280, Korea
| | - ByungGuk Bae
- Research & Development Division, Hyundai Motor Company, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi 18280, Korea
| | - Changsun Ahn
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-510-2979
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Mashoufi M, Ayatollahi H, Khorasani-Zavareh AD. Data Quality Assessment in Emergency Medical Services: What Are the Stakeholders' Perspectives? Perspect Health Inf Manag 2019; 16:1c. [PMID: 30766454 PMCID: PMC6341415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Emergency care is usually conducted within limited time and with limited resources. During emergency care processes, data quality issues should be taken into account. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of emergency care data from the perspectives of different data stakeholders. METHOD This survey study was conducted in 2017. In this research, the viewpoints of three groups of data stakeholders, including data producers, data collectors, and data consumers, were collected regarding data quality in emergency care services. Data were collected by using a standard information quality assessment questionnaire. RESULTS The mean values for each dimension of data quality were as follows: sound data (6.23), dependable data (6.28), useful data (6.30), and usable data (6.35), with 0 being the lowest possible score and 10 being the highest. The role gap analysis suggested a clear gap between data producers and data customers at the university level. CONCLUSION Overall, data quality in emergency medical services was not at a high level. Although data quality was improving, the levels of data completeness, compatibility, and usability were low. To improve the usability of emergency medical service data, more attention should be paid to the dimensions of accuracy, completeness, and consistency of data sources.
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Epifania E, Sanzullo R, Sorrentino R, Ausiello P. Evaluation of Satisfaction Perceived by Prosthetic Patients Compared to Clinical and Technical Variables. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2018; 8:252-258. [PMID: 29911064 PMCID: PMC5985683 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_27_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to relate the clinical quality of the complete denture and specific anamnestic factors to the level of satisfaction perceived by patients. Also identifying possible prognostic parameters that could be predictive of future satisfaction. Materials and Methods: On the basis of a substantial existing literature, the most appropriate parameters to determine the prosthetic quality have been determined to evaluate the satisfaction perceived by patients about their denture; a completely new questionnaire has been drawn up. Ninety-eight patients have been included in the research, they have undergone a clinical examination, and they have filled out the questionnaire anonymously. The ANOVA test and Pearson correlation test have been employed to relate clinical and anamnestic factors to the overall satisfaction score. Results: The average level of patients’ satisfaction was between “quite satisfied” and “very satisfied.” There is no significant variability of satisfaction related to the type of prosthesis. The ANOVA test did not verify relationships between the overall satisfaction score and the anamnestic data examined. Pearson linear correlation coefficient between the overall prosthetic quality and the general satisfaction perceived by patients is 0.493 (P < 0.01). Extension of the prosthetic body (r = 0.478; P < 0.01) and retention (r = 0305; P < 0.05) are in correlation with the overall patients’ satisfaction. Conclusion: there is a moderately strong relationship between the overall prosthetic quality and the general satisfaction perceived by patients. Particularly, the retention and the adequate extension of the prosthetic body appear to be factors that are most associated with satisfaction. Instead, the anamnestic factors are not related to overall satisfaction score.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ettore Epifania
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Sanzullo
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Sorrentino
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Pietro Ausiello
- Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Wang X, Shu X, Li Z, Huo W, Zou L, Tang Y, Li L. Comparison of two kinds of skin imaging analysis software: VISIA ® from Canfield and IPP ® from Media Cybernetics. Skin Res Technol 2018; 24:379-385. [PMID: 29377397 DOI: 10.1111/srt.12440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin imaging analysis, acting as a supplement to noninvasive bioengineering devices, has been widely used in medical cosmetology and cosmetic product evaluation. The main aim of this study is to assess the differences and correlations in measuring skin spots, wrinkles, vascular features, porphyrin, and pore between two commercially available image analysis software. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy healthy women were included in the study. Before taking pictures, the dermatologist evaluated subjects' skin conditions. Test sites included the forehead, cheek, and periorbital skin. A 2 × 2 cm cardboard was used to make a mark on the skin surface. Pictures were taken using VISIA® under three kinds light conditions and analyzed using VISIA® and IPP® respectively. RESULTS (1) Skin pore, red area, ultraviolet spot, brown spot, porphyrin, and wrinkle measured with VISIA® were correlated with those measured with IPP® (P < .01). (2) Spot, wrinkle, fine line, brown spot, and red area analyzed with VISIA® were correlated with age on the forehead and periorbital skin (P < .05). L-value, Crow's feet, ultraviolet spot, brown spot, and red area analyzed with IPP® were correlated with age on the periorbital skin (P < .05). (3) L-value, spot, wrinkle, fine line, porphyrin, red area, and pore analyzed with VISIA® and IPP® showed correlations with the subjective evaluation scores (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS VISIA® and IPP® showed acceptable correlation in measuring various skin conditions. VISIA® showed a high sensibility when measured on the forehead skin. IPP® is available as an alternative software program to evaluate skin features.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Shu
- Cosmetics Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Z Li
- Cosmetics Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - W Huo
- Cosmetics Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Zou
- Cosmetics Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Y Tang
- Cosmetics Evaluation Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Velagapudi SP, Ray GG. Development of a Seating Comfort Questionnaire for Motorcycles. Hum Factors 2017; 59:1249-1262. [PMID: 29058950 DOI: 10.1177/0018720817735929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study is to develop a reliable and valid Motorcycle Seating Comfort Questionnaire (MSCQ). Background Motorcycle seat development is an iterative process based on subjective evaluations; however, there are no established subjective tools for evaluation of seating comfort. Research also suggests that seating comfort in motorcycles is poor and needs improvement. The development of a MSCQ therefore is an important step that can enable further research and aid in improving the design of motorcycle seats. Method The MSCQ is developed following guidelines available in literature and referring to established questionnaires for seating comfort in passenger cars. The MSCQ is further refined based on pilot studies and interviews with experts. The final version of the MSCQ is then statistically evaluated for reliability and validity. The reliability is evaluated using a test-retest protocol with 31 volunteers. The validity is evaluated by comparing the ratings of the MSCQ with that of the Category Partitioning Scale (CP50 scale). The validity test is carried out with 15 volunteers evaluating five motorcycles using both scales. Results The results show that the MSCQ is reliable with a significant test-retest reliability coefficient ( r = 0.72, p < .01, n = 31) and internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.81, n = 31). The results also show that ratings of the MSCQ have a significant correlation ( r = -0.765, p < .05, n = 15) with that of CP50, establishing its validity. Conclusions A Motorcycle Seating Comfort Questionnaire is developed in this study with statistically established reliability and validity. Applications The MSCQ can be used as a tool for evaluation of seating comfort in motorcycles. The MSCQ can also form a basis for further research on motorcycle seating to develop prediction models and guidelines for the design of motorcycle seats.
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Abstract
Treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) remains a challenge for hand surgeons. Carpal tunnel release (CTR) using nasal instruments has the advantages of both endoscopy and open surgery. In this study we aimed to explore the effectiveness of CTR using nasal instruments in Chinese patients.We present a case series of 49 cases of idiopathic CTS treated with the mini-incision technique using nasal instruments. The average recovery days before return to normal work and complications were recorded. The mean grip strength, pinch strength, and sensation were evaluated. Subjective results were evaluated using the visual analogue scale (VAS), Levine Carpal Tunnel Syndrome Questionnaire (LCTSQ), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH), and Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) 36-item short-form health survey (SF-36).The mean follow-up was 13 months. No return of symptoms or blood vessel injury occurred. The incidence of scar tenderness was only 8.1%, later pillar pain (after 4 weeks) was 18.4%, and average recovery time to return to normal work was 23.7 days. The mean grip strength, pinch strength, and sensation were significantly improved (P < .001). The VAS, LCTSQ, and DASH survey postoperative mean scores were lower than the preoperative scores (P < .001). SF-36 scores were significantly increased following surgery (P < .001).We conclude that the mini-incision technique for CTR using nasal instruments in Chinese patients is safe, effective, and low cost. It is worthwhile for the technique to be promoted and used.
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Janssen K, Van Den Berg A, Van Mechelen W, Verhagen E. User Survey of 3 Ankle Braces in Soccer, Volleyball, and Running: Which Brace Fits Best? J Athl Train 2017; 52:730-737. [PMID: 28661204 DOI: 10.4085/1062-2050-52.4.06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Recurrence rates for ankle sprains are high. Therefore, preventive measures such as ankle bracing during sports are recommended. OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the perceived ease of use, quality, comfort, stability, and hindrance of and the overall satisfaction with 3 contemporary brace types in 3 types of sports. DESIGN Randomized comparative user survey. SETTING Recreational sports: soccer, volleyball, and running. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS Young adult recreational athletes (29 soccer players, 26 volleyball players, and 31 runners). INTERVENTION(S) Compression brace (CB), lace-up brace (LB), and semirigid brace (SB). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Rating of perceived ease of use, quality, comfort, stability, and hindrance of and overall satisfaction with the brace types during sports on a 5-point Likert scale. The secondary outcome measure was participants' willingness to buy the tested brace. RESULTS Overall, the 3 brace types received high mean scores for ease of use and quality. Soccer players preferred the CB over both alternatives, considering the higher scores for comfort (CB = 4.0, LB = 3.5, SB = 2.8), hindrance (CB = 3.7, LB = 2.9, SB = 2.8), overall satisfaction (CB = 3.6, LB = 3.0, SB = 2.5), and greatest willingness to buy this brace. Volleyball players preferred the LB over both alternatives, considering the higher scores for stability (LB = 4.2, CB = 3.2, SB = 3.3), overall satisfaction (LB = 3.8, CB = 3.0, SB = 3.0), and greatest willingness to buy this brace. Runners preferred the CB over both alternatives considering the better score for hindrance (CB = 3.6, LB = 2.8, SB = 2.9) and greatest willingness to buy this brace. CONCLUSIONS All 3 ankle-brace types scored high on perceived ease of use and quality. Regarding the brace types, soccer players, volleyball players, and runners differed in their assessments of subjective evaluation of comfort, stability, hindrance, overall satisfaction, and willingness to buy the brace. Soccer players and runners preferred the CB, whereas volleyball players preferred the LB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasper Janssen
- Elite Sports Medicine, Gelderse Vallei Hospital, Ede, Netherlands
| | | | - Willem Van Mechelen
- Department of Occupational Health and Sports Medicine, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Department of Occupational Health and Sports Medicine, EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, Vrije Universiteit Medical Centre, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Völker C, Bisitz T, Huber R, Kollmeier B, Ernst SMA. Modifications of the MUlti stimulus test with Hidden Reference and Anchor (MUSHRA) for use in audiology. Int J Audiol 2016; 57:S92-S104. [PMID: 27598985 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2016.1220680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Two modifications of the standardised MUlti Stimulus test with Hidden Reference and Anchor (MUSHRA), namely MUSHRA simple and MUSHRA drag&drop, were implemented and evaluated together with the original test method. The modifications were designed to maximise the accessibility of MUSHRA for elderly and technically non-experienced listeners, who constitute the typical target group in hearing aid evaluation. DESIGN Three MUSHRA variants were assessed based on subjective and objective measures, e.g. test-retest reliability, discrimination ability, time exposure and overall preference. With each method, participants repeated the task to rate the quality of several hearing aid algorithms four times. STUDY SAMPLE Fifty listeners grouped into five subject classes were tested, including elderly and technically non-experienced participants with normal and impaired hearing. Normal-hearing, technically experienced students served as controls. RESULTS Both modifications can be used to obtain compatible rating results. Both were preferred over the classical MUSHRA procedure. Technically experienced listeners performed best with the modification MUSHRA drag&drop. CONCLUSIONS The comprehensive comparison of the MUSHRA variants demonstrates that the intuitive modification MUSHRA drag&drop can be generally recommended. However, considering e.g. specific evaluation demands, we suggest a differentiated and careful application of listening test methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Völker
- a Abteilung Medizinische Physik , Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany.,b Cluster of Excellence 'Hearing4all' , Oldenburg , Germany , and
| | - Thomas Bisitz
- c Centre of Competence HörTech gGmbH , Oldenburg , Germany
| | - Rainer Huber
- c Centre of Competence HörTech gGmbH , Oldenburg , Germany
| | - Birger Kollmeier
- a Abteilung Medizinische Physik , Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany.,b Cluster of Excellence 'Hearing4all' , Oldenburg , Germany , and
| | - Stephan M A Ernst
- a Abteilung Medizinische Physik , Carl von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg , Oldenburg , Germany.,b Cluster of Excellence 'Hearing4all' , Oldenburg , Germany , and
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Katayama R. Series: Practical Evaluation of Clinical Image Quality (3): Subjective Evaluation of Image Quality in Digital Radiography Systems. Igaku Butsuri 2016; 36:113-120. [PMID: 28428454 DOI: 10.11323/jjmp.36.2_113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the environment of picture archiving and communication system (PACS), the subjective evaluation of medical image quality is performed using an image display monitor. Commonly, PACS and its image viewer can handle digital imaging and communications in medicine (DICOM) format image files that are displayed as 8-bit grayscale images in the monitor. However, the original grayscale of DICOM image is between 10-bit to 16-bit depth. Therefore, in order for DICOM images to be displayed in the monitor by PACS image viewer, they need to be converted into 8-bit depth grayscale. This conversion indicates that the original characteristics of DICOM images are altered when they are displayed in the monitor by PACS image viewer. Moreover, image data interpolation to match the image matrix for the resolution of the monitor also alters the characteristics of images. For these reasons, it is a must to recognize the influential factors of image display settings for the subjective evaluation of medical image quality.
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Abstract
Most previous research into emotion recognition used either a single modality or multiple modalities of physiological signal. However, the former method allows for limited enhancement of accuracy, and the latter has the disadvantages that its performance can be affected by head or body movements. Further, the latter causes inconvenience to the user due to the sensors attached to the body. Among various emotions, the accurate evaluation of fear is crucial in many applications, such as criminal psychology, intelligent surveillance systems and the objective evaluation of horror movies. Therefore, we propose a new method for evaluating fear based on nonintrusive measurements obtained using multiple sensors. Experimental results based on the t-test, the effect size and the sum of all of the correlation values with other modalities showed that facial temperature and subjective evaluation are more reliable than electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye blinking rate for the evaluation of fear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Suk Choi
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Jae Won Bang
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Hwan Heo
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
| | - Kang Ryoung Park
- Division of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Dongguk University, 26 Pil-dong 3-ga, Jung-gu, Seoul 100-715, Korea.
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Racz JM, Hong NL, Latosinsky S. In Search of a Gold Standard Scoring System for the Subjective Evaluation of Cosmetic Outcomes Following Breast-Conserving Therapy. Breast J 2015; 21:345-51. [PMID: 25940058 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The absence of a widely accepted method for aesthetic evaluation following breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer limits the ability to evaluate cosmetic outcomes. In this study, two different panel scoring approaches were compared in an attempt to identify a gold standard scoring system for subjectively assessing cosmetic outcomes following breast-conserving therapy. Standardized photographs of each participant were evaluated independently by twelve health care professionals involved in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment using the Danoff four-point scale. Individual Danoff scores were combined using two methods, a random sample "three-panel" score and an iterative "Delphi-panel" score, in order to create a final cosmetic score for each patient. Agreement between these two aggregative approaches was assessed with a weighted kappa (wk) statistic. Patient and professional recruitment occurred at two separate tertiary care multi-disciplinary breast health centers. Women with unilateral breast cancer who underwent breast-conserving therapy (segmental mastectomy or lumpectomy and radiotherapy) and were at least 2 years after radiotherapy were asked to participate. Ninety-seven women were evaluated. The Delphi approach required three rounds of evaluation to obtain greater than 50% agreement in all photographs. The wk statistic between scores generated from the "three-panel" and "Delphi-panel" approaches was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.71-0.89), thus demonstrating substantial agreement. Evaluation of cosmetic outcomes following breast-conserving therapy using a "three-panel" and "Delphi-panel" score provide similar results, confirming the reliability of either approach for subjective evaluation. Simplicity of use and interpretation favors the "three-panel" score. Future work should concentrate on the integration of the three-panel score with objective and patient-reported scales to generate a comprehensive cosmetic evaluation platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer M Racz
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Center, Western University Canada, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole Look Hong
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven Latosinsky
- Department of Surgery, London Health Sciences Center, Western University Canada, London, Ontario, Canada.,Western University Canada Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, Ontario, Canada
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Wanyonyi SZ, Napolitano R, Ohuma EO, Salomon LJ, Papageorghiou AT. Image-scoring system for crown-rump length measurement. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2014; 44:649-654. [PMID: 24677327 DOI: 10.1002/uog.13376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate an objective image-scoring system for crown-rump length (CRL) measurements and to determine how this compares with subjective assessment. METHODS A total of 125 CRL ultrasound images were selected from the database of the International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21(st) Century study group. Two reviewers, who were blinded to the operators' and to each others' results, evaluated all images both subjectively and objectively. Subjective evaluation consisted of rating an image as acceptable or unacceptable, while objective evaluation was based on six criteria. Reviewer differences for both the subjective and objective evaluations were compared using percentage of agreement and adjusted kappa values. RESULTS The distribution of individual scores and differences between subjective and objective evaluation for the two reviewers was similar. Overall agreement between the reviewers was higher for objective evaluation (95.2%; adjusted κ, 0.904), than for subjective evaluation (77.6%; adjusted κ, 0.552). There was a high level of agreement for horizontal position (κ = 0.951), magnification (κ = 0.919), visualization of crown and rump (κ = 0.806) and caliper placement (κ = 0.756), while agreement for mid-sagittal section (κ = 0.629) and neutral position (κ = 0.565) were moderate and poor, respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed six-point scoring system for CRL image rating is more reproducible than is subjective evaluation and should be considered as a method of quality assessment and audit.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Z Wanyonyi
- Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Quiles JC, Souza FA, Bassi APF, Garcia IR, França MT, Carvalho PSP. Survival rate of osseointegrated implants in atrophic maxillae grafted with calvarial bone: a retrospective study. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2014; 44:239-44. [PMID: 25457821 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical survival rate of osseointegrated implants placed in the atrophic maxilla that has been reconstructed by means of autogenous bone grafts harvested from a cranial calvarial site. Further, we sought to analyse the level of peri-implant bone after prosthetic rehabilitation and to determine subjective patient satisfaction with the treatment performed. This study conformed to the STROBE guidelines regarding retrospective studies. Twenty-five patients who had received osseointegrated implants with late loading in the reconstructed atrophic maxilla were included in the study. The survival rate and level of peri-implant bone loss were evaluated. A questionnaire related to the surgical and prosthetic procedures was completed. The observed implant survival rate was 92.35%. The mean bone loss recorded was 1.76mm in the maxilla and 1.54mm in the mandible. The results of the questionnaire indicated a high level of patient satisfaction, little surgical discomfort, and that the patients would recommend the procedure and would undergo the treatment again. From the results obtained, it is concluded that the cranial calvarial site is an excellent donor area; calvarial grafts provided stability and maintenance of bone volume over the course of up to 11 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Quiles
- São Leopoldo Mandic School of Dentistry and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil
| | - F A Souza
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental of School, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - A P F Bassi
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental of School, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - I R Garcia
- Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental of School, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M T França
- Private Practice Clinic, Araçatuba, Brazil
| | - P S P Carvalho
- São Leopoldo Mandic School of Dentistry and Research Center, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Araçatuba Dental of School, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, São Paulo, Brazil
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Abstract
A generalized relative quality (RQ) assessment scheme is proposed here based on the Bayesian inference theory, which is reasonable to make use of full reference (FR) algorithms when the evaluation of the quality of homogeneous medical images is required. Each FR algorithm is taken as a kernel to represent the level of quality. Although, various kernels generate different order of magnitude, a normalization process can rationalize the quality index within 0 and 1, where 1 represent the highest quality and 0 represents the lowest quality. To validate the performance of the proposed scheme, a series of reconstructed susceptibility weighted imaging images are collected, where each image has its subjective scale. Both experimental results and a ROC analysis show that the RQ obtained from the proposed scheme is consistent with subjective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoze Wang
- Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Yong Ding
- Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Hang Dai
- Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Dahong Qian
- Institute of VLSI Design, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Xinfeng Yu
- Radiology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | - Minming Zhang
- Radiology Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical School of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
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Fritz C, Curtin J, Poitevineau J, Borsarello H, Wollman I, Tao FC, Ghasarossian T. Soloist evaluations of six Old Italian and six new violins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:7224-9. [PMID: 24711376 PMCID: PMC4034184 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1323367111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many researchers have sought explanations for the purported tonal superiority of Old Italian violins by investigating varnish and wood properties, plate tuning systems, and the spectral balance of the radiated sound. Nevertheless, the fundamental premise of tonal superiority has been investigated scientifically only once very recently, and results showed a general preference for new violins and that players were unable to reliably distinguish new violins from old. The study was, however, relatively small in terms of the number of violins tested (six), the time allotted to each player (an hour), and the size of the test space (a hotel room). In this study, 10 renowned soloists each blind-tested six Old Italian violins (including five by Stradivari) and six new during two 75-min sessions--the first in a rehearsal room, the second in a 300-seat concert hall. When asked to choose a violin to replace their own for a hypothetical concert tour, 6 of the 10 soloists chose a new instrument. A single new violin was easily the most-preferred of the 12. On average, soloists rated their favorite new violins more highly than their favorite old for playability, articulation, and projection, and at least equal to old in terms of timbre. Soloists failed to distinguish new from old at better than chance levels. These results confirm and extend those of the earlier study and present a striking challenge to near-canonical beliefs about Old Italian violins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Fritz
- Lutheries-Acoustique-Musique, Institut Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7190, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France;
| | | | - Jacques Poitevineau
- Lutheries-Acoustique-Musique, Institut Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7190, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Indiana Wollman
- Lutheries-Acoustique-Musique, Institut Jean le Rond d'Alembert, Unité Mixte de Recherche 7190, Sorbonne Universités - UPMC Univ Paris 06 / Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fan-Chia Tao
- D'Addario and Company, Farmingdale, NY 11735; and
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Van Holsbeke C, Van Calster B, Guerriero S, Savelli L, Leone F, Fischerova D, Czekierdowski A, Fruscio R, Veldman J, Van de Putte G, Testa A, Bourne T, Valentin L, Timmerman D. Imaging in gynaecology: How good are we in identifying endometriomas? Facts Views Vis Obgyn 2009; 1:7-17. [PMID: 25478066 PMCID: PMC4251283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the performance of subjective evaluation of ultrasound findings (pattern recognition) to discriminate endometriomas from other types of adnexal masses and to compare the demographic and ultrasound characteristics of the true positive cases with those cases that were presumed to be an endometrioma but proved to have a different -histology (false positive cases) and the endometriomas missed by pattern recognition (false negative cases). METHODS All patients in the International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA ) studies were included for analysis. In the IOTA studies, patients with an adnexal mass that were preoperatively examined by expert sonologists following the same standardized ultrasound protocol were prospectively included in 21 international centres. Sensitivity and specificity to discriminate endometriomas from other types of adnexal masses using pattern recognition were calculated. Ultrasound and some demographic variables of the masses presumed to be an endometrioma were analysed (true -positives and false positives) and compared with the variables of the endometriomas missed by pattern recognition (false negatives) as well as the true negatives. RESULTS IOTA phase 1, 1b and 2 included 3511 patients of which 2560 were benign (73%) and 951 malignant (27%). The dataset included 713 endometriomas. Sensitivity and specificity for pattern recognition were 81% (577/713) and 97% (2723/2798). The true positives were more often unilocular with ground glass echogenicity than the masses in any other category. Among the 75 false positive cases, 66 were benign but 9 were malignant (5 borderline tumours, 1 rare primary invasive tumour and 3 endometrioid adenocarcinomas). The presumed diagnosis suggested by the sonologist in case of a missed endometrioma was mostly functional cyst or cystadenoma. CONCLUSION Expert sonologists can quite accurately discriminate endometriomas from other types of adnexal masses, but in this dataset 1% of the masses that were classified as endometrioma by pattern recognition proved to be malignancies.
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Abstract
Making meaningful comparisons between the performance of the various speech enhancement algorithms proposed over the years, has been elusive due to lack of a common speech database, differences in the types of noise used and differences in the testing methodology. To facilitate such comparisons, we report on the development of a noisy speech corpus suitable for evaluation of speech enhancement algorithms. This corpus is subsequently used for the subjective evaluation of 13 speech enhancement methods encompassing four classes of algorithms: spectral subtractive, subspace, statistical-model based and Wiener-type algorithms. The subjective evaluation was performed by Dynastat, Inc. using the ITU-T P.835 methodology designed to evaluate the speech quality along three dimensions: signal distortion, noise distortion and overall quality. This paper reports the results of the subjective tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering The University of Texas at Dallas Richardson, Texas 75083-0688, USA
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