1
|
Luo Y, Yu L, Feng Z, Chen Q, Lu L, Zhang Q, Xu D. Integrated analysis of viral miRNAs, mRNA and protein in the caudal fin cells of C. auratus gibelio with cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection. J Fish Dis 2021; 44:441-460. [PMID: 33577719 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2), a member of the genus Cyprinivirus in the family Alloherpesviridae, has attracted worldwide attention because it causes severe disease and high mortality in crucian carp and goldfish. In this study, we focus on mRNA, protein and viral miRNA expression profiles in C. auratus gibelio caudal fin (GiCF) cells infected with CyHV-2, using high-throughput sequence techniques and TMT-labelled analyses. The results revealed that 156 virus genes were differentially expressed during the infection. Among these differentially expressed genes, 7 viral genes were significantly up-regulated and 28 were significantly down-regulated at 96 hpi (hours post-infection) vs 48 hpi. Besides, a total of 78 viral proteins, including a large number of membrane proteins and capsid proteins associated with the viral assembly, were successfully detected by using proteome analysis. Furthermore, a total of 225,143,474 raw reads were generated from cDNA library of CyHV-2-infected GiCF cells using high-throughput sequencing technology. Following annotation and secondary structure prediction, 10 viral miRNAs were found as significantly modulated in CyHV-2-infected GiCF cells (2 down-regulated and 8 up-regulated). Finally, the CyHV-2 genes (orf19, orf23, orf118, orf121, orf127) targeted by the viral miRNA CyHV-2-KT-635 identified in this study, were predicted and validated by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the regulation of CyHV-2-KT-635 on orf121 protein expression was verified by western blotting assay. Taken together, this study provides a valuable basis for further research on the expression of virus genes during CyHV-2 replication and the molecular mechanisms by which miRNA may regulate CyHV-2 virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zizhao Feng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qikang Chen
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiya Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fei Y, Feng Z, Wu K, Luo Y, Yu L, Zhang Y, Lu L, Xu D. MicroRNA expression profiling of caudal fin cell of C. auratus gibelio upon cyprinid herpesvirus 2 infection. Dev Comp Immunol 2020; 107:103637. [PMID: 32035081 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
As a member of the genus Cyprinivirus in the family Alloherpesviridae, Cyprinid herpesvirus 2 (CyHV-2) has caused great economic loss in the aquaculture industry, mainly in C. auratus gibelio and goldfish. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of CyHV-2 remain elusive. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technology was employed to explore the miRNA expression profiles of C. auratus gibelio (GiCF) caudal fin cells in response to Cyprinid Herpesvirus-2 (CyHV-2) infection. A total of 631 novel miRNAs and 409 known miRNAs were identified. The expression levels of 7 miRNAs were found as significantly modulated (5 down-regulation and 2 up-regulation; P < 0.01, |logFC|>1, TPM>10) in CyHV-2 infected cells. 7 miRNA and their potential mRNA targets were validated by Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), respectively. Targets prediction and functional analysis of these 7 miRNAs revealed significant enrichment for several signaling pathways, including PPAR, p53 and FoxO pathways. These studies provided more valuable basis for further study on the roles of miRNAs in CyHV-2 replication and pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Fei
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Zizhao Feng
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Kaixuan Wu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Yang Luo
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Lu Yu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Ye Zhang
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Liqun Lu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Dan Xu
- National Pathogen Collection Center for Aquatic Animals, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Ministry for Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center for Fishery Sciences, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Marine Natural Products and Combinatorial Biosynthesis Chemistry, Guangxi Beibu Gulf Marine Research Center, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Xue T, Wang Q, Xia B, Pan Q, Chen T. Virus susceptibility of a new cell line derived from the fin of black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus. J Fish Biol 2020; 96:418-426. [PMID: 31755106 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A continuous cell line MPF derived from the fin of black carp Mylopharyngodon piceus was established and characterised in this study. Mylopharyngodon piceus fin (MPF) cells were subcultured for more than 80 passages with high viability recovery after long-term storage. The karyotyping analysis revealed that MPF had a modal diploid chromosome number (2n = 48) and identical ribosomal RNA sequence with black carp. In addition, the expression of pluripotency-associated markers including nanog, oct4 and vasa, were detected in MPF. The transient transfection efficiency of MPF reached 23% with a fluorescent reporter by modified electroporation and stable expression of red fluorescent MPF was established by the baculovirus system, indicating that MPF is an ideal platform for studying gene functions in vitro. Lastly, cytopathic effects were also observed and RNA transcripts of a viral gene increased after infection by spring viremia of carp virus (SVCV), suggesting that MPF could be an alternative tool for investigating pathogen-host interactions in black carp. In conclusion, a fin cell line that is susceptible to SVCV was established as a potential adult stem-cell line, providing a suitable tool for future genetic analyses and pathogen-host studies in black carp.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ting Xue
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Marine Science and Engineering College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qian Wang
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bilin Xia
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qihua Pan
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tiansheng Chen
- College of Fisheries, Key Laboratory of Freshwater Animal Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Changde, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ferreira IA, Costa JZ, Macchia V, Dawn Thompson K, Baptista T. Detection of Betanodavirus in experimentally infected European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax, Linnaeus 1758) using non-lethal sampling methods. J Fish Dis 2019; 42:1097-1105. [PMID: 31180142 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the major disease threats affecting the Mediterranean aquaculture industry is viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER). The target organs for Betanodavirus detection are the brain and eyes, obtained through lethal sampling. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and suitability of non-lethal samples for detecting Betanodavirus in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax). European seabass juveniles were infected with Betanodavirus, by either an intramuscular injection or immersion (107 TCID50 /ml and 106 TCID50 /ml, respectively), and samples collected 7, 15 and 30 days post-infection (dpi). The brain was collected as a lethal sample, and gills, caudal fin and blood as non-lethal tissues for detecting Betanodavirus by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR). The presence of virus in non-lethal tissues was inconsistent, with lower viral loads than in the brain. For blood, higher viral loads were detected in intramuscular-infected fish at 15 dpi until the end of the challenge. Serum antibodies against Betanodavirus were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Antibodies were detected as early as 7 dpi, with higher mean antibody titres at 15 and 30 dpi. The presence of Betanodavirus-specific antibodies indicates that this is a suitable evaluation method for detecting early stages of the infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inês Almeida Ferreira
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, UK
| | - Janina Z Costa
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, UK
| | - Valeria Macchia
- Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Penicuik, UK
| | | | - Teresa Baptista
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, ESTM, Polytechnic Institute of Leiria, Peniche, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pao HY, Wu CY, Wen CM. Persistent development of adomavirus and aquareovirus in a novel cell line from marbled eel with petechial skin haemorrhage. J Fish Dis 2019; 42:345-355. [PMID: 30632177 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In Taiwan, a petechial haemorrhage disease associated with mortality has affected marbled eels (Anguilla marmorata). The eels were revealed to be infected with adomavirus (MEAdoV, previously recognized as a polyoma-like virus). In this study, cell line DMEPF-5 was established from the pectoral fin of a diseased eel. DMEPF-5 was passaged >70 times and thoroughly proliferated in L-15 medium containing 2%-15% foetal bovine serum at 20-30°C. Transcripts of neural cell adhesion molecule 1 and nestin genes, and nucleic acids of MEAdoV and a novel reovirus (MERV) in the cells were demonstrated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the AdoV LO8 proteins mostly relate to adenovirus adenain, whereas MERV is close to American grass carp reovirus in Aquareovirus G, based on a partial VP2 nucleotide sequence. DMEPF-5 cells are susceptible to additional viral infection. Taken together, the marbled eels with the haemorrhagic disease have coinfection with MEAdoV and MERV, and the pathogenic role of MEAdoV and MERV warrants research. DMEPF-5 has gene expression associated with mesenchymal stem and progenitor cells and is the first cell line persistently infected with adomavirus and aquareovirus. DMEPF-5 can facilitate studies of such viruses and haemorrhagic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Yu Pao
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chiu Ming Wen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Eckart V, Yamaguchi T, Franzke K, Bergmann SM, Boudinot P, Quillet E, Kawanobe M, de Haro NA, Fischer U. New cell lines for efficient propagation of koi herpesvirus and infectious salmon anaemia virus. J Fish Dis 2019; 42:181-187. [PMID: 30537062 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The production of piscine viruses, in particular of koi herpesvirus (KHV, CyHV-3) and infectious salmon anaemia virus (ISAV), is still challenging due to the limited susceptibility of available cell lines to these viruses. A number of cell lines from different fish species were compared to standard diagnostic cell lines for KHV and ISAV regarding their capability to exhibit a cytopathic effect (CPE) and to accumulate virus. Two cell lines, so far undescribed, appeared to be useful for diagnostic purposes. Fr994, a cell line derived from ovaries of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), produced constantly high ISA virus (ISAV) titres and developed a pronounced CPE even at high cell passage numbers, while standard cell lines are reported to gradually loose these properties upon propagation. Another cell line isolated from the head kidney of common carp (Cyprinus carpio), KoK, showed a KHV induced CPE earlier than the standard cell line used for diagnostics. A third cell line, named Fin-4, established from the fin epithelium of rainbow trout did not promote efficient replication of tested viruses, but showed antigen sampling properties and might be useful as an in vitro model for virus uptake or phagocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Eckart
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute of Infectology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Takuya Yamaguchi
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute of Infectology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Kati Franzke
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute of Infectology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Sven M Bergmann
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute of Infectology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
| | - Pierre Boudinot
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Unité de Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Edwige Quillet
- IGABI, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Motokazu Kawanobe
- Nagano Prefectural Fisheries Experimental Station, Akashina-Nakagawate, Japan
| | | | - Uwe Fischer
- Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut (FLI), Institute of Infectology, Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany
- Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pao HY, Wu CY, Huang CH, Wen CM. Development, characterization and virus susceptibility of a continuous cell line from the caudal fin of marbled eel (Anguilla marmorata). J Fish Dis 2018; 41:1331-1338. [PMID: 30003544 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A continuous cell line consisting mostly of epithelioid cells was established from the caudal fin of marbled eels (Anguilla marmorata) and designated as marbled eel caudal fin (MECF)-1. The cells multiplied well in Leibovitz's L-15 medium containing 2% to 15% foetal bovine serum at temperatures of 20°C to 35°C and were subcultured for >90 passages during a 5-year period from 2012 to 2017. Transcripts of ictacalcin, keratin 13, cd146, nestin, ncam1 and myod1 were demonstrated in the cells using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The results indicated that MECF-1 was composed of epidermal and mesenchyme stem and progenitor cells including myoblasts. MECF-1 was susceptible to Japanese eel herpesvirus HVA980811, marbled eel polyoma-like virus (MEPyV), aquabirnavirus MEIPNV1310 and aquareovirus CSV. By contrast, MECF-1 was noted refractory to megalocytiviruses RSIV-Ku and GSIV-K1 infection. Moreover, the cells were resistant to betanodavirus infection. In conclusion, MECF-1 derived from marbled eel is suitable for studies on anguillid viruses and interaction with host cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Y Pao
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C Y Wu
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C H Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - C M Wen
- Department of Life Sciences, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Chen W, Yi L, Feng S, Zhao L, Li J, Zhou M, Liang R, Gu N, Wu Z, Tu J, Lin L. Characterization of microRNAs in orange-spotted grouper (Epinephelus coioides) fin cells upon red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus infection. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2017; 63:228-236. [PMID: 28232192 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), one of the most prevalent fish pathogens, has caused fatal disease of viral nervous necrosis (VNN) in many marine and freshwater fishes, and resulted in heavy economic losses in aquaculture industry worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenicity of NNV remain elusive. In this study, the expression profiles of microRNA (miRNA) were investigated in grouper fin (GF-1) cells infected with red-spotted grouper nervous necrosis virus (RGNNV) via deep sequencing technique. The results showed that a total of 220 miRNAs were identified by aligning the small RNA sequences with the miRNA database of zebrafish, and 18 novel miRNAs were predicted using miRDeep2 software. Compared with the non-infected groups, 51 and 16 differentially expressed miRNAs (DE-miRNAs) were identified in the samples infected with RGNNV at 3 and 24 h, respectively. Six DE-miRNAs were randomly selected to validate their expressions using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), the results showed that their expression profiles were consistent with those obtained by deep sequencing. The target genes of the DE-miRNAs covered a wide range of functions, such as regulation of transcription, oxidation-reduction process, proteolysis, regulation of apoptotic process, and immune response. In addition, the effects of four DE-miRNAs including miR-1, miR-30b, miR-150, and miR-184 on RGNNV replication were evaluated, and the results showed that over-expression of each of the four miRNAs promoted the replication of RGNNV. These data provide insight into the molecular mechanism of RGNNV infection, and will benefit for the development of effective strategies to control RGNNV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Chen
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lizhu Yi
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Shuangshuang Feng
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Lijuan Zhao
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China; School of Biological Sciences, Lake Superior State University, Sault Ste. Marie, MI 49783, USA
| | - Meng Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Rishen Liang
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Na Gu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Zaohe Wu
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China
| | - Jiagang Tu
- Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| | - Li Lin
- College of Animal Sciences and Technology, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510225, China; Department of Aquatic Animal Medicine, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Oh SY, Nishizawa T. Multiple Passages of Grunt Fin Cells Persistently Infected with Red Seabream Iridovirus (RSIV) at 15ºC or 30ºC to Yield Uninfected Cells. J Aquat Anim Health 2016; 28:214-221. [PMID: 27737618 DOI: 10.1080/08997659.2016.1208120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Red seabream iridovirus (RSIV), a member within genus Megalocytivirus (Iridoviridae), causes serious economic losses to marine fish aquaculture industry in East Asia. In this study, we established a Blue Striped Grunt Haemulon sciurus fin (grunt fin; GF) cell line persistently infected with RSIV (PI-GFRSIV) by subculturing GF cells that survived RSIV inoculation. PI-GFRSIV cells were morphologically indistinguishable from naive GF cells. They could stably produce RSIV at approximately 104.9 ± 0.5 genomes per microliter after 24 passages over 18 months. The optimum temperature to produce RSIV in PI-GFRSIV cells was 25°C. These cells also produced RSIV at 15, 20, and 30°C with multiple subcultures. The amount of RSIV yielded from PI-GFRSIV cells decreased gradually by multiple subculturing at 15°C or 30°C. Red seabream iridovirus was no longer detected from PI-GFRSIV cells after subcultures at these temperatures. These PI-GFRSIV cells freed from RSIV infection exhibited a level of RSIV productivity similar to those of naive GF cells after inoculation with RSIV. Therefore, we consider that these PI-GFRSIV cells were no longer infected with RSIV after multiple subculturing at 15°C or 30°C. Received October 15, 2015; accepted June 27, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Oh
- a Department of Aqualife Medicine , Chonnam National University , Daehak-ro 50, Yeosu 59626 , South Korea
| | - Toyohiko Nishizawa
- a Department of Aqualife Medicine , Chonnam National University , Daehak-ro 50, Yeosu 59626 , South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Iwakiri S, Song JY, Nakayama K, Oh MJ, Ishida M, Kitamura SI. Host responses of Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus with lymphocystis cell formation. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2014; 38:406-411. [PMID: 24746936 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2014.03.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV) is the causative agent of lymphocystis disease (LCD). In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of lymphocystis cell (LCC) formation from the viewpoint of gene expression changes in the infected fish. LCC occurrence and virus titers in the experimentally infected Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus were monitored by visual confirmation and real-time PCR, respectively. The gene expression changes in the fish fin were investigated by microarray experiments. LCCs firstly appeared in the fish at 21 days post infection (dpi). LCD incidence increased with time and reached 92.9% at 62 dpi. LCDV genome was firstly detected from dorsal fins at 14 dpi, and the relative amount of the genome gradually-increased until 56 dpi. Since the occurrence of LCC was approximately synchronized with increasing of the virus genome, virus replication might play important roles for LCC formation. The microarray detected a few gene expression changes until 28 dpi. However, the number of expression changed genes dramatically increased between 28 and 42 dpi in which LCCs formation was active. From the microarray data analyses, apoptosis and cell division related genes were down-regulated, whereas cell fusion and collagen related genes were up-regulated at 42 dpi. Together with the observation of morphological changes of LCCs in previous reports, it is suggested that the following steps are involved in LCC formation: the virus infected cells were (1) inhibited apoptotic death and (2) cell division before enlargement, (3) hypertrophied by cell fusion, and (4) surrounded by a hyaline capsule associated with the alteration of collagen fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Iwakiri
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan; Centre for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Jun-Young Song
- Pathology Division, National Fisheries Research and Development Institute, Busan 619-902, Republic of Korea
| | - Kei Nakayama
- Centre for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Myung-Joo Oh
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu 550-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Minoru Ishida
- Fisheries Research Center, Ehime Research Institute of Cultivation Resources, Ehime Research Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Iyo 799-3125, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Kitamura
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan; Centre for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lin SL, Cheng YH, Wen CM, Chen SN. Characterization of a novel cell line from the caudal fin of koi carp Cyprinus carpio. J Fish Biol 2013; 82:1888-1903. [PMID: 23731143 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/20/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
A continuous cell line (KF-101) derived from the caudal fin of the koi carp Cyprinus carpio was established and characterized. The KF-101 cell line multiplied abundantly in Leibovitz's L-15 medium containing 10% foetal bovine serum at 25° C, and was subcultured for >90 passages over a period of 3 years. Immunocytochemistry revealed that the KF-101 cells contain keratin, junction proteins connexin-43 and occludin, and ectodermal stem-cell marker Pax-6, but not vimentin. Furthermore, the KF-101 cells reacted with anti-human DARPP-32 and anti-human GATA-4 antibodies, and the labelling was regulated according to the cell cycle. The labels of the DARPP-32 and GATA-4 antibodies in the KF-101 cells were the suggested phosphatase-1 inhibitor-1 and GATA-3, respectively. In addition, the KF-101 cells were susceptible to koi herpesvirus but were resistant to eel herpesvirus, iridovirus, grouper nodavirus and chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) virus. The results indicate that the KF-101 cells are suitable materials for investigating biological and virological development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S-L Lin
- Institute of Fisheries Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Grady CA, Gregg JL, Wade RM, Winton JR, Hershberger PK. Viral replication in excised fin tissues (VREFT) corresponds with prior exposure of Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii (Valenciennes), to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV). J Fish Dis 2011; 34:3-12. [PMID: 21118270 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2761.2010.01210.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Procedures for a viral replication in excised fin tissue (VREFT) assay were adapted to Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii, and optimized both to reduce processing time and to provide the greatest resolution between naïve herring and those previously exposed to viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV), Genogroup IVa. The optimized procedures included removal of the left pectoral fin from a euthanized fish, inoculation of the fin with >10(5) plaque-forming units (PFU) mL(-1) VHSV for 1 h, rinsing the fin in fresh medium six times to remove unadsorbed virions, incubation of the fin in fresh medium for 4 days and enumeration of the viral titre in a sample of the incubation medium by plaque assay. The optimized VREFT assay was effective at identifying the prior exposure history of laboratory-reared Pacific herring to VHSV. The geometric mean VREFT value was significantly greater (P < 0.01) among naïve herring (1.2 × 10(3) PFU mL(-1) ) than among groups that survived exposure to VHSV (1.0-2.9 × 10(2) PFU mL(-1) ); additionally, the proportion of cultures with no detectable virus was significantly greater (P = 0.0002) among fish that survived exposure to VHSV (39-47%) than among naïve fish (3.3%). The optimized VREFT assay demonstrates promise for identifying VHSV exposure history and forecasting disease potential in populations of wild Pacific herring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C A Grady
- U.S. Geological Survey-Western Fisheries Research Center, Marrowstone Marine Field Station, Nordland, WA 98358, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mazelet L, Dietrich J, Rolland JL. New RT-qPCR assay for viral nervous necrosis virus detection in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.): application and limits for hatcheries sanitary control. Fish Shellfish Immunol 2011; 30:27-32. [PMID: 20837148 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2010.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2009] [Revised: 08/04/2010] [Accepted: 08/20/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A sensitive and quantitative one step RT-qPCR method was developed to study Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN) virus loads in sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) in hatcheries. After determining the limits of this new method, fin tissues were identified as an interesting new simple non-invasive sample source, which might be useful for screening D. labrax (L.) in hatcheries. We observed VNN virus strain V26 associated to D. labrax (L.) eggs and it's release in tank water during spawning suggesting both vertical transmission to the eggs and the possibility of horizontal transmission by contamination of tank water. VNN is widespread in water bodies and has the ability to infect a large number of fish species, with this in mind, this PCR technique may be used for the surveillance of various fish farms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Mazelet
- Institute for Animal Health, Pirbright laboratory, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 0NF, United Kingdom
| | | | | |
Collapse
|