1
|
Sasaki T, Ikari N, Hashimoto S, Sato R. Identification of α-ionone, nootkatone, and their derivatives as TGR5 agonists. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 653:147-152. [PMID: 36870239 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.02.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
TGR5 is a G-protein-coupled receptor that is activated by bile acids. The activation of TGR5 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) increases energy expenditure by increasing the expression level of thermogenesis-related genes, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator 1-alpha, uncoupling protein 1, and type II iodothyronine deiodinase. Therefore, TGR5 is a potential drug target in treating obesity and associated metabolic disorders. In this study, we identified the aroma compounds α-ionone and nootkatone as well as their derivatives as TGR5 agonists by using the luciferase reporter assay system. These compounds had little effect on the activity of the farnesoid X receptor, a nuclear receptor activated by bile acids. Mice fed 0.2% α-ionone containing high-fat diet (HFD) increased the thermogenesis-related gene expression level in BAT and suppressed weight gain compared with mice fed a normal HFD. These findings indicate that aromatic compounds with TGR5 agonist activity are promising chemicals to prevent obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sasaki
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naho Ikari
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuzo Hashimoto
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Sato
- Food Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Nutri-Life Science Laboratory, Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodríguez-Mejía UU, Viveros-Paredes JM, Zepeda-Morales ASM, Carrera-Quintanar L, Zepeda-Nuño JS, Velázquez-Juárez G, Delgado-Rizo V, García-Iglesias T, Camacho-Padilla LG, Varela-Navarro E, Anguiano-Sevilla LA, Franco-Torres EM, López-Roa RI. β-Caryophyllene: A Therapeutic Alternative for Intestinal Barrier Dysfunction Caused by Obesity. Molecules 2022; 27:6156. [PMID: 36234691 PMCID: PMC9570618 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is an excessive accumulation of fat that exacerbates the metabolic and inflammatory processes. Studies associate these processes with conditions and dysregulation in the intestinal tract, increased concentrations of lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) in the blood, differences in the abundance of intestinal microbiota, and the production of secondary metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a natural sesquiterpene with anti-inflammatory properties and with the potential purpose of fighting metabolic diseases. A diet-induced obesity model was performed in 16-week-old C57BL/6 mice administered with BCP [50 mg/kg]. A reduction in the expression of Claudin-1 was observed in the group with a high-fat diet (HFD), which was caused by the administration of BCP; besides BCP, the phylaAkkermansia and Bacteroidetes decreased between the groups with a standard diet (STD) vs. HFD. Nevertheless, the use of BCP in the STD increased the expression of these phyla with respect to fatty acids; a similar effect was observed, in the HFD group that had a decreasing concentration that was restored with the use of BCP. The levels of endotoxemia and serum leptin increased in the HFD group, while in the HFD + BCP group, similar values were found to those of the STD group, attributing the ability to reduce these in conditions of obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Uriel Ulises Rodríguez-Mejía
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Juan Manuel Viveros-Paredes
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Adelaida Sara Minia Zepeda-Morales
- Laboratorio de Análisis Quimícos Clínicos y Bacteriológicos Vinculación, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Lucrecia Carrera-Quintanar
- Laboratorio de Ciencias de los Alimentos, Departamento de Reproducción Humana, Crecimiento y Desarrollo Infantil, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - José Sergio Zepeda-Nuño
- Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro de Investigación y Diagnóstico de Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Gilberto Velázquez-Juárez
- Laboratorio de Bioquimíca Estructural, Departamento de Química, Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Vidal Delgado-Rizo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Trinidad García-Iglesias
- Departamento de Fisiología, Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer de la Infancia y Adolescencia, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44350, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luisa Guadalupe Camacho-Padilla
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Varela-Navarro
- Laboratorio de Análisis Quimícos Clínicos y Bacteriológicos Vinculación, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Luis Alberto Anguiano-Sevilla
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular, Genética y Proteómica, Instituto Transdiciplinar de Investigación y Servicios, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45150, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Esmeralda Marisol Franco-Torres
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Rocio Ivette López-Roa
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Jalisco, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kumawat VS, Kaur G. Cannabinoid 2 receptor agonist and L-arginine combination attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy in rats via NF-ĸβ inhibition. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:259-271. [PMID: 34860602 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Beta-caryophyllene (BCP), a cannabinoid 2 (CB2) receptor agonist has recently been found to have cardioprotective activity as an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant molecule. L-arginine (LA), a nitric oxide (NO) donor, is a potential regulator of cardiovascular function. Considering the role of CB2 receptor activation and NO regulation in cardiovascular diseases, the combination of BCP with LA may be a possible treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Hence, we investigated the efficacy of the novel combination of BCP with LA on cardiovascular inflammation and oxidative stress in diabetic rats. DCM was induced by streptozotocin (55 mg/kg) in Sprague-Dawley rats intraperitoneally. BCP, LA, and BCP with LA were administered to diabetic rats for 4 weeks. After completion of the study, hemodynamic parameters, biochemical parameters, and inflammatory cytokine levels were analyzed. Also, oxidative stress parameters, nuclear factor kappa beta (NF-ĸβ) expression, and histopathology in cardiac tissues were estimated. The combination of BCP (200 mg/kg) with LA (200 mg/kg) significantly normalized the hemodynamic parameters and decreased the glucose, cardiac markers, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels. Treatment of BCP and LA showed a significant decrease in oxidative stress and downregulated the cardiac expression of NF-ĸβ. Thus, the combination of BCP with LA improves cardiac functions by attenuating inflammation through NF-ĸβ inhibition in DCM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vivek S Kumawat
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai- 400056, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Mlost J, Kac P, Kędziora M, Starowicz K. Antinociceptive and chondroprotective effects of prolonged β-caryophyllene treatment in the animal model of osteoarthritis: Focus on tolerance development. Neuropharmacology 2022; 204:108908. [PMID: 34856202 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic joint disease in which cartilage degeneration leads to chronic pain. The endocannabinoid system has attracted attention as an emerging drug target for OA. However, the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids is limited by psychoactive side-effects related to CB1 activation and tolerance development for analgesic effects. β-Caryophyllene (BCP) is a low-efficacy natural agonist of CB2 and a common constituent of human diet with well-established anti-inflammatory properties. The results presented herein show the anti-nociceptive and chondroprotective potential of BCP in an animal model of OA induced by intra-articular injection of monoiodoacetate (MIA). Behavioural assessment included pressure application measurement and kinetic weight bearing tests. Histological assessment of cartilage degeneration was quantified using OARSI scoring. Experiments established the dose-response effects of BCP and pharmacological mechanisms of the antinociceptive action dependent on CB2 and opioid receptors. Chronic BCP treatment was able to hamper cartilage degeneration without producing tolerance for the analgesic effects. The data presented herein show that BCP is able to produce both acute and prolonged antinociceptive and chondroprotective effects. Together with the safety profile and legal status of BCP, these results indicate a novel and promising disease-modifying strategy for treating OA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Mlost
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Cracow, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kac
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Cracow, Poland
| | - Marta Kędziora
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Starowicz
- Department of Neurochemistry, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smętna 12, 31-343, Cracow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Flores-Soto ME, Corona-Angeles JA, Tejeda-Martinez AR, Flores-Guzman PA, Luna-Mujica I, Chaparro-Huerta V, Viveros-Paredes JM. β-Caryophyllene exerts protective antioxidant effects through the activation of NQO1 in the MPTP model of Parkinson's disease. Neurosci Lett 2020; 742:135534. [PMID: 33271195 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder, caused by the selective death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a phytocannabinoid with several pharmacological properties, producing anti-inflammatory and antihypertensive effects. In addition, BCP protects dopaminergic neurons from neuronal death induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), yet it remains unclear if this effect is due to its antioxidant activity. To assess whether this is the case, the effect of BCP on the expression and activity of NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) was evaluated in mice after the administration of MPTP. Male C57BL/6 J mice were divided into four groups, the first of which received saline solution i.p. in equivalent volume and served as a control group. The second group received MPTP. The second group received MPTP hydrochloride (5 mg/kg, i.p.) daily for seven consecutive days. The third group received BCP (10 mg/kg) for seven days, administered orally and finally, the fourth group received MPTP as described above and BCP for 7 days from the fourth day of MPTP administration. The results showed that BCP inhibits oxidative stress-induced cell death of dopaminergic neurons exposed to MPTP at the same time as it enhances the expression and enzymatic activity of NQO1. Also, the BCP treatment ameliorated motor dysfunction and protected the dopaminergic cells of the SNpc from damage induced by MPTP. Hence, BCP appears to achieve at least some of its antioxidant effects by augmenting NQO1 activity, which protects cells from MPTP toxicity. Accordingly, this phytocannabinoid may represent a promising pharmacological option to safeguard dopaminergic neurons and prevent the progression of PD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M E Flores-Soto
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - J A Corona-Angeles
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - A R Tejeda-Martinez
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - P A Flores-Guzman
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - I Luna-Mujica
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - V Chaparro-Huerta
- Laboratorio de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, División de Neurociencias, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de Occidente (CIBO), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 44340, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - J M Viveros-Paredes
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo Farmacéutico, Departamento de Farmacología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, 44430, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sakhaee MH, Sayyadi SAH, Sakhaee N, Sadeghnia HR, Hosseinzadeh H, Nourbakhsh F, Forouzanfar F. Cedrol protects against chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain through inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation. Metab Brain Dis 2020; 35:1119-1126. [PMID: 32472224 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-020-00581-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Injured somatosensory nervous system cause neuropathic pain which is quite difficult to treat using current approaches. It is therefore important to find new therapeutic options. We have analyzed cedrol effect on chronic constriction injury (CCI) induced neuropathic pain in rats. The mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity were evaluated using the von Frey filament, radiant heat and acetone drop methods. The changes in the levels of biomarkers of oxidative stress including malondialdehyde (MDA) and total thiol (SH), as well as inflammatory mediators including Tumour Necrosis Factor alpha (TNF-α) and Interleukin 6 (IL-6) were estimated in the lumbar portion (L4-L6) of neuropathic rats. Administration of cedrol attenuated the CCI-induced mechanical and thermal hypersensitivity. CCI produced an increase in MDA along with a reduction in SH levels in the spinal cord of the CCI rats. Reduced levels of SH were restored by cedrol. Also, the levels of MDA were reduced in the cedrol-treated CCI rats compared to the untreated CCI rats. Besides, level of TNF-α and IL-6 increased in the spinal cord of CCI group and cedrol could reverse it. The current study showed that cedrol attenuates neuropathic pain in CCI rats by inhibition of inflammatory response and attenuation of oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Seyed Amir Hossein Sayyadi
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nader Sakhaee
- Department of mathematics and Natural Sciences, Harris-Stowe State University, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL, 62025, USA
| | - Hamid R Sadeghnia
- Division of Neurocognitive Sciences, Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Hosseinzadeh
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Pharmacodynamics and Toxicology Department, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Nourbakhsh
- Medical Toxicology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Forouzanfar
- Neuroscience Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu X, Li X, Chen Z. Inhibition of anticancer growth in Retinoblastoma cells by naturally occurring sesquiterpene nootkatone is mediated via autophagy, endogenous ROS production, cell cycle arrest and inhibition of NF-κB signalling pathway. J BUON 2020; 25:427-431. [PMID: 32277665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The main aim of the present study was to determine the antiproliferative effects induced by nootkatone-a plant sesquiterpene ketone along with determining its effects on autophagy, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell cycle, cell migration and NF-κB signalling pathway. METHODS Cell proliferation of HXO-Rb44 human retinoblastoma cell line was evaluated by CCK-8 assay, while autophagic effects were evaluated by electron microscopy and western blot. Effects on cell cycle and ROS production were evaluated by flow cytometry. In vitro wound healing assay was used to determine the effects on cell migration. RESULTS The results indicated that nootkatone induced significant and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in HXO-Rb44 retinoblastoma cells with an IC50 value of 10.2 μM. Electron microscopy and western blot showed that nootkatone could induce autophagy as autophagosomes and vacuoles were seen to develop after nootkatone treatment. Autophagy was confirmed by observing the expression levels of LC3B-II, LC3B-I and p62. Nootkatone led to an increase of LC3B-II and LC3B-I but also led to inhibition of p62 expression. Nootkatone also led to increase of ROS production dose-dependently along with inducing S-phase cell cycle arrest. Nootkatone also led to inhibition of cell migration along with inhibiting NF-κB signalling pathway. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, nootkatone molecule inhibits retinoblastoma by inhibiting Nf-κB signalling pathway and cell migration, autophagy induction, ROS generation and S-phase cell cycle arrest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangxiang Zhu
- Ophthalmology Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430060, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Qi Y, Cheng X, Jing H, Yan T, Xiao F, Wu B, Bi K, Jia Y. Combination of schisandrin and nootkatone exerts neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease mice model. Metab Brain Dis 2019; 34:1689-1703. [PMID: 31422511 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-019-00475-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases which seriously affect the quality of life of the elderly. Schisandrin (SCH) and nootkatone (NKT) are the two marked active components in ASHP. In this study, the effects of Alpinia oxyphylla-Schisandra chinensis herb pair (ASHP) as well as its bioactive components on cognitive deficiency and dementia were revealed via Aβ1-42-induced AD in mouse. Morris water maze test showed that acute administration of ASHP and SCH + NKT treatments had higher discrimination index in the object recognition task, more quadrant dwell time and shorter escape latency compared with those in the Morris water maze. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were decreased after ASHP and SCH + NKT treatment. The inflammatory response was attenuated by inhibiting TLR4/ NF-κB/ NLRP3 pathway. In addition, ASHP and SCH + NKT treatments significantly restored the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione S-transferase (GST), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and inducible nitric oxide syntheses (iNOS), and the levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO). The histopathological changes of hippocampus were noticeably improved after ASHP and SCH + NKT treatments. These findings demonstrate that ASHP as well as its bioactive components exerted a protective effects on cognitive disorder, inflammatory reaction and oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qi
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhui Cheng
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Huiting Jing
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingxu Yan
- School of Functional Food and wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Xiao
- School of Functional Food and wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wu
- School of Functional Food and wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaishun Bi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Jia
- School of Functional Food and wine, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Wenhua Road 103, Shenyang, 110016, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Irrera N, D'Ascola A, Pallio G, Bitto A, Mazzon E, Mannino F, Squadrito V, Arcoraci V, Minutoli L, Campo GM, Avenoso A, Bongiorno EB, Vaccaro M, Squadrito F, Altavilla D. β-Caryophyllene Mitigates Collagen Antibody Induced Arthritis (CAIA) in Mice Through a Cross-Talk between CB2 and PPAR-γ Receptors. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9080326. [PMID: 31370242 PMCID: PMC6723248 DOI: 10.3390/biom9080326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
β-caryophyllene (BCP) is a cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2) agonist that tempers inflammation. An interaction between the CB2 receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) has been suggested and PPAR-γ activation exerts anti-arthritic effects. The aim of this study was to characterize the therapeutic activity of BCP and to investigate PPAR-γ involvement in a collagen antibody induced arthritis (CAIA) experimental model. CAIA was induced through intraperitoneal injection of a monoclonal antibody cocktail and lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 50 μg/100 μL/ip). CAIA animals were then randomized to orally receive either BCP (10 mg/kg/100 μL) or its vehicle (100 μL of corn oil). BCP significantly hampered the severity of the disease, reduced relevant pro-inflammatory cytokines, and increased the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-13. BCP also decreased joint expression of matrix metalloproteinases 3 and 9. Arthritic joints showed increased COX2 and NF-ĸB mRNA expression and reduced expression of the PPARγ coactivator-1 alpha, PGC-1α, and PPAR-γ. These conditions were reverted following BCP treatment. Finally, BCP reduced NF-ĸB activation and increased PGC-1α and PPAR-γ expression in human articular chondrocytes stimulated with LPS. These effects were reverted by AM630, a CB2 receptor antagonist. These results suggest that BCP ameliorates arthritis through a cross-talk between CB2 and PPAR-γ.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Irrera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela D'Ascola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni Pallio
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bitto
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mazzon
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo", 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Mannino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Violetta Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Arcoraci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Letteria Minutoli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maurizio Campo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Avenoso
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | | | - Mario Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Squadrito
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
| | - Domenica Altavilla
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy
| |
Collapse
|