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Wadström C, Södergren K, Palm J. Exploring total economic values in an emerging urban circular wastewater system. Water Res 2023; 233:119806. [PMID: 36878178 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.119806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Circular water management has the potential to close resource and material loops within and across value chains. In the water industry, circular municipal wastewater management through industrial urban symbiosis (IUS) is recognized as a solution to overcome water scarcity in urban environments. IUS involves collaboration between actors with different organizational backgrounds, which can lead to inherent risks of conflicting goals. This study explores how different values drive various organizations to participate in an emerging circular wastewater collaboration. The study comprises a literature review of 34 scientific articles and a case study of a potential circular wastewater system through IUS in Simrishamn, Sweden. It presents an interdisciplinary framework based on the total economic value concept and organizational archetypes for examining actor values in circular wastewater management. This framework provides a novel approach for assessing different values and how they may compete or align. It can also identify the absence of certain values, enabling the achievement of a minimum level of value coherence amongst different actors, and thereby increasing the sustainability and effectiveness of circular wastewater collaborations. Therefore, careful planning and stakeholder interaction, in accordance with economic value perspectives, can enhance the legitimacy and policy development of circular solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoffer Wadström
- Department of Management and Engineering (IEI), Division of Energy Systems, Linköping University Linköping, Linköping 581 83, Sweden.
| | - Karolina Södergren
- International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Jenny Palm
- International Institute for Industrial Environmental Economics, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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2
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Wolfe MK, Yu AT, Duong D, Rane MS, Hughes B, Chan-Herur V, Donnelly M, Chai S, White BJ, Vugia DJ, Boehm AB. Use of Wastewater for Mpox Outbreak Surveillance in California. N Engl J Med 2023; 388:570-572. [PMID: 36652340 DOI: 10.1056/nejmc2213882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Shua Chai
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | | | - Duc J Vugia
- California Department of Public Health, Richmond, CA
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3
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Guo H, Zhang Y, Yang Z. Quantification of industrial wastewater discharge from the major cities in Sichuan province, China. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:51567-51577. [PMID: 35244848 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we used spatial autocorrelation, Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC), and Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index model to study the spatial characteristics and driving factors of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province (2003-2018). We showed that the amount of industrial wastewater discharge in Sichuan province for the period was reduced from 116,580 to 42,064.96 million tons as observed from the Moran index ranging from -0.310 to 0.302. We identified that the EKC type of Sichuan province was monotonically decreasing and six types of the EKC (monotonically decreasing, monotonically increasing, U, N, inverted U, and inverted N, shape) in 18 major cities. The technical effect (from -0.0964 to -8.8912) can reduce the discharge of industrial wastewater, while the economy effect (0.2948-5.882), structure effect (0.0892-4.5183), and population effect (from -0.0059 to 0.2873) can promote the industrial wastewater discharge. Our findings suggest that industrial wastewater discharge was reduced and changed from non-significant dissociation to non-significant agglomeration to non-significant dissociation during the study period. Furthermore, technical management upgrade is the primary driver in Sichuan province to reduce industrial wastewater discharge during this period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- College of Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen'an Yang
- College of Science, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang, 832000, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation, Ministry of Education, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, 637009, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Thuy PT, Tuan PT, Huyen DTT, Khai NM. Insights of environmental impact assessment reports for industrial parks: wastewater quantity prediction aspect. Environ Monit Assess 2020; 192:252. [PMID: 32222831 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-020-8217-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
While the contribution of industrial parks to the socio-economic aspect has been widely acknowledged over the past two decades in Vietnam, the problem of environmental pollution due to the wastes generated from industrial parks, especially wastewater, has still been an emerging issue, which places a great pressure on the Government. The wastewater generation from industrial parks was ordinarily required to report in all environmental impact assessment (EIA) reports as a base for the construction of on-site wastewater treatment plants within the industrial park. In Vietnam, this data was, however, often higher than the actual generated number due to inaccurate technical guidelines on predicting wastewater generation and many different methods to be applied. This study aimed to evaluate different approaches used to calculate the effluent in the industrial parks. The results showed that all of the four approaches (i.e., previous operation-based, water-based, wastewater-based, or experience-based methods) rendered significant gaps between predicted and actual values. None can be acceptable for use at present. A revision of technical guideline should be conducted to provide more detailed instruction for the better prediction. This shall minimize the investment capital and increase the efficiency of industrial parks in pollution control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pham Thi Thuy
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam.
| | - Pham Thanh Tuan
- Vietnam Environment Administration, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment, 10 Ton That Thuyet, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dang Thi Thanh Huyen
- Faculty of Environmental Engineering, National University of Civil Engineering, No 55, Giai Phong street, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Manh Khai
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences, VNU University of Science, 334 Nguyen Trai, Thanh Xuan, Hanoi, Vietnam
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5
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Du P, Liu X, Zhong G, Zhou Z, Thomes MW, Lee CW, Bong CW, Zhang X, Hao F, Li X, Zhang G, Thai PK. Monitoring Consumption of Common Illicit Drugs in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, by Wastewater-Cased Epidemiology. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020; 17:ijerph17030889. [PMID: 32023897 PMCID: PMC7036889 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Southeast Asian countries including Malaysia play a major role in global drug trade and abuse. Use of amphetamine-type stimulants has increased in the past decade in Malaysia. This study aimed to apply wastewater-based epidemiology for the first time in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, to estimate the consumption of common illicit drugs in urban population. Influent wastewater samples were collected from two wastewater treatment plants in Kuala Lumpur in the summer of 2017. Concentrations of twenty-four drug biomarkers were analyzed for estimating drug consumption. Fourteen drug residues were detected with concentrations of up to 1640 ng/L. Among the monitored illicit drugs, 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA) or ecstasy had the highest estimated per capita consumptions. Consumption and dose of amphetamine-type stimulants (methamphetamine and MDMA) were both an order of magnitude higher than those of opioids (heroin and codeine, methadone and tramadol). Amphetamine-type stimulants were the most prevalent drugs, replacing opioids in the drug market. The prevalence trend measured by wastewater-based epidemiology data reflected the shift to amphetamine-type stimulants as reported by the Association of Southeast Asian Nations Narcotics Cooperation Center. Most of the undetected drug residues were new psychoactive substances (NPSs), suggesting a low prevalence of NPSs in the drug market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (P.D.); (X.Z.); (F.H.)
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Guangcai Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Zilei Zhou
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Margaret William Thomes
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.W.T.); (C.W.L.); (C.W.B.)
| | - Choon Weng Lee
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.W.T.); (C.W.L.); (C.W.B.)
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Chui Wei Bong
- Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; (M.W.T.); (C.W.L.); (C.W.B.)
- Institute of Ocean and Earth Sciences (IOES), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (P.D.); (X.Z.); (F.H.)
| | - Fanghua Hao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Hydrological Cycle and Sponge City Technology, College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; (P.D.); (X.Z.); (F.H.)
| | - Xiqing Li
- Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Gan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China; (X.L.); (G.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.L.); (G.Z.)
| | - Phong K. Thai
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Sciences (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4102, Queensland, Australia;
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Ding L, Lv Z, Han M, Zhao X, Wang W. Forecasting China's wastewater discharge using dynamic factors and mixed-frequency data. Environ Pollut 2019; 255:113148. [PMID: 31521991 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Forecasting wastewater discharge is the basis for wastewater treatment and policy formulation. This paper proposes a novel mixed-data sampling regression model, i.e., combination-MIDAS model to forecast quarterly wastewater emissions in China based on dynamic factors at different frequencies. The results show that a significant auto-correlation for wastewater emissions exists and that water consumption per ten thousand gross domestic product is the best predictor of wastewater emissions. The forecast performances of the combination-MIDAS models are robust and better than those of the benchmark models. Therefore, the combination-MIDAS models can better capture the characteristics of wastewater emissions, suggesting that the proposed method is a good method to deal with model misspecification and uncertainty for the control and management of wastewater discharge in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Ding
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China; Marine Development Studies Institute of OUC, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhanlei Lv
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China
| | - Meng Han
- Department of Economics and Business, University of Groningen, Netherlands.
| | - Xin Zhao
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China; Marine Development Studies Institute of OUC, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Economics, Ocean University of China, China; Marine Development Studies Institute of OUC, Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences at Universities, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, China
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7
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Markosian C, Mirzoyan N. Wastewater-based epidemiology as a novel assessment approach for population-level metal exposure. Sci Total Environ 2019; 689:1125-1132. [PMID: 31466152 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Pollution by heavy metals and metalloids is detrimental to human health due to their toxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects. The traditional approach to assess the extent of environmental and occupational exposures of metals is human biomonitoring (HBM). This method has several limitations, including invasiveness, sampling bias, cost- and time-intensiveness, and ethical issues. This suggests the need for a more robust, non-invasive, epidemiological tool for assessment of exposure to metals and their public health effects. Recently, wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been suggested and utilized as a novel approach to accurately determine the extent of exposure to multiple substances on the population level. We suggest the potential application of WBE to the study of metal exposure on the population level, including possible biomarkers for wastewater analysis of 10 metals belonging to three categories according to health effects and nutritional benefits, and its public health implications. Similar to previous studies of exposure to regulated or illegal drugs, unregulated legal substances, and pesticides, WBE can be applied to the study of metal exposure in a given community. Parental substance biomarkers (PSBs), metabolic substance biomarkers (MSBs), and non-substance biomarkers (NSBs) of 10 common metals are available for consideration in wastewater analysis. The use of WBE would allow for the interpretation of the relationship between metal exposure and population health, reveal synergistic effects of different health factors, and model public health risks under different scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Markosian
- Acopian Center for the Environment, American University of Armenia, 40 Marshal Baghramyan Avenue, Yerevan 0019, Republic of Armenia
| | - Natella Mirzoyan
- Acopian Center for the Environment, American University of Armenia, 40 Marshal Baghramyan Avenue, Yerevan 0019, Republic of Armenia.
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8
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Zhang X, Huang R, Li P, Ren Y, Gao J, Mueller JF, Thai PK. Temporal profile of illicit drug consumption in Guangzhou, China monitored by wastewater-based epidemiology. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:23593-23602. [PMID: 31203544 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-05575-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been widely used as a complementary method for estimating consumption of illicit drugs in the population. Temporal drug consumption estimates derived from WBE can provide important information for law enforcement and public health authorities in understanding changes in supply and demand of illicit drugs, but currently lacking in China. In this study, influent wastewater samples from a municipal sewage treatment plant in Guangzhou, China were collected for 8 weeks to investigate the temporal change in consumption of six illicit drugs in the catchment. The results indicated that methamphetamine and ketamine were the dominant illicit drugs in Guangzhou with the per capita use of 14.7-470.7 mg/day/1000 people and 64.9-673.7 mg/day/1000 people, respectively. No distinct weekly patterns were observed for illicit drug consumption in Guangzhou, indicating that drug users are likely to be regular ones. Further assessment about the impact of public holidays on the consumption behavior of drugs showed little impact for ketamine (p = 0.689), but higher consumptions of methamphetamine (p = 0.003) and cocaine (p = 0.027) were observed during public holidays than the control period. The considerable decrease in drug consumption observed in October 2017 compared with January and May 2017 was possibly the consequence of law enforcement action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohan Zhang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Riheng Huang
- Guangzhou Sewage Purification Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Ren
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Higher Education Mega Center, Panyu District, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, 510006, People's Republic of China.
- The Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection and Eco-Remediation of Guangdong Regular Higher Education Institutions, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jianfa Gao
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia.
| | - Jochen F Mueller
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Phong K Thai
- Queensland Alliance for Environmental Health Science (QAEHS), The University of Queensland, 20 Cornwall Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4102, Australia
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Zhang Q, Li Z, Snowling S, Siam A, El-Dakhakhni W. Predictive models for wastewater flow forecasting based on time series analysis and artificial neural network. Water Sci Technol 2019; 80:243-253. [PMID: 31537760 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater flow forecasting is key for proper management of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). However, to predict the amount of incoming wastewater in WWTPs, wastewater engineers face challenges arising from numerous complexities and uncertainties, such as the nonlinear precipitation-runoff relationships in combined sewer systems, unpredictability due to aging infrastructure, and frequently inconsistent data quality. To address such challenges, a time series analysis model (i.e., the autoregressive integrated moving average, ARIMA) and an artificial neural network model (i.e., the multilayer perceptron neural network, MLPNN) were developed for predicting wastewater inflow. A case study of the Barrie Wastewater Treatment Facility in Barrie, Canada, was carried out to demonstrate the performance of the proposed models. Fifteen-minute flow data over a period of 1 year were collected, and the resampled daily flow data were used to train and validate the developed models. The model performances were examined using root mean square error, mean absolute percentage error, coefficient of determination, and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency. The results indicate that both models provided reliable forecasts, while ARIMA showed a slightly better performance than MLPNN in this case study. The proposed models can provide useful decision support for the optimization and management of WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Zhang
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7 E-mail: ; School of Management, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu 610225, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7 E-mail:
| | - Spencer Snowling
- Hydromantis Environmental Software Solutions, Inc., 407 King Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8P 1B5
| | - Ahmad Siam
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7 E-mail:
| | - Wael El-Dakhakhni
- Department of Civil Engineering, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8S 4L7 E-mail:
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Ghorbani Mooselu M, Nikoo MR, Sadegh M. A fuzzy multi-stakeholder socio-optimal model for water and waste load allocation. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:359. [PMID: 31073749 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study proposes a fuzzy multi-stakeholder socio-optimal methodology for joint water and waste load allocation (WWLA) in river systems while addressing upstream flow uncertainty and different social choice rules (SCRs). QUAL2Kw, as the numerical river water quality model, is executed for various scenarios of water and waste loads to construct a comprehensive dataset of plausible settings, which is in turn used to train a meta-model in the form of multivariate linear regressions. The river upstream flow as the main uncertain parameter is assessed by fuzzy transformation method (FTM). Then, for different confidence levels of fuzzy uncertain input, the meta-model is linked with the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) multi-objective optimization model to generate trade-off curves among the stakeholders' utility functions. Subsequently, five SCRs are utilized at each confidence level to determine the fuzzy interval solutions for each objective. Next, the possibility degree method is applied to rank the fuzzy interval solutions in each α-cut level. Finally, considering the priorities of all stakeholders, the fallback bargaining method is used to specify the most appropriate SCR in each confidence level. Application of the proposed methodology in Kor River, Iran, shows its efficacy to realize the socio-optimal WWLA scenario(s) among different stakeholders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrdad Ghorbani Mooselu
- School of Engineering, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Nikoo
- School of Engineering, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Sadegh
- Department of Civil Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, ID, USA
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Yao L, He L, Chen X. Scale and process design for sewage treatment plants in airports using multi-objective optimization model with uncertain influent concentration. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:14534-14546. [PMID: 30875072 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-04622-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The treatment of airport sewage has posed many novel challenges because of its huge impact on the surrounding environment. This paper proposes a multi-objective decision model to optimize the scale design and process selection of sewage treatment plants in airports. In this model, we consider the conflict among the process cost, environmental protection, and benefits of recycled water. In addition, the uncertainty in influent concentration and passenger throughput is also incorporated. Airport sewage treatment has its own unique features, such as the concentration of airport sewage is higher than that of ordinary urban sewage, the change in passenger throughput impacts the volume of the airport sewage treatment, and the utilization rate of the entire sewage treatment plant must be higher than or equal to 70%. Only in this case can the airport sewage treatment plant pass the acceptance test. The Tianfu International Airport, the largest civil transportation hub airport project in southwestern China, is used to prove the efficiency of the proposed model. Finally, some significant insights are suggested for the design of wastewater treatment plants in airports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yao
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Linhuan He
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Business School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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12
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Flores L, García J, Pena R, Garfí M. Constructed wetlands for winery wastewater treatment: A comparative Life Cycle Assessment. Sci Total Environ 2019; 659:1567-1576. [PMID: 31096366 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.12.348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/22/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A Life Cycle Assessment was carried out in order to assess the environmental performance of constructed wetland systems for winery wastewater treatment. In particular, six scenarios which included the most common winery wastewater treatment and management options in South-Western Europe, namely third-party management and activated sludge systems, were compared. Results showed that the constructed wetland scenarios were the most environmentally friendly alternatives, while the third-party management was the worst scenario followed by the activated sludge systems. Specifically, the potential environmental impacts of the constructed wetlands scenarios were 1.5-180 and 1-10 times lower compared to those generated by the third-party and activated sludge scenarios, respectively. Thus, under the considered circumstances, constructed wetlands showed to be an environmentally friendly technology which helps reducing environmental impacts associated with winery wastewater treatment by treating winery waste on-site with low energy and chemicals consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Flores
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona, 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan García
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona, 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rocío Pena
- Aimen, Polígono Industrial de Cataboi SUR-PPI-2 (Sector) 2, Parcela 3, 36418 O Porriño, Spain
| | - Marianna Garfí
- GEMMA-Group of Environmental Engineering and Microbiology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya-BarcelonaTech, c/ Jordi Girona, 1-3, Building D1, E-08034 Barcelona, Spain.
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13
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Jing R, Fusi S, Chan A, Capozzi S, Kjellerup BV. Distribution of polychlorinated biphenyls in effluent from a large municipal wastewater treatment plant: Potential for bioremediation? J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 78:42-52. [PMID: 30665655 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This study involved an evaluation of the potential for bioremediation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in the effluent from a large municipal wastewater treatment plant. It was focused on the presence of PCBs in two types of effluents: the continuous effluent present during dry weather conditions and the intermittently present effluent that was present during wet weather due to incoming stormwater. The annual discharge of PCBs for both types of effluent was calculated based on a five-year dataset (2011-2015). In addition, the toxicity and bioremediation potential of the PCBs in the effluent were also assessed. It was found that the continuous effluent was responsible for the majority of the discharged PCB into the receiving river (1821 g for five years), while the intermittent effluent contributed 260 g over the five years. The average number of chlorine per biphenyl for the detected PCB congeners showed a 19% difference between the two types of effluent, which indicated a potential for organohalide respiration of PCBs during the continuous treatment. This was further supported by a high level of tri-, tetra- and penta-chlorinated congeners accounting for 75% of the anaerobically respired PCBs. Potential for aerobic degradation and thus biomineralization of PCBs was identified for both effluents. Furthermore, toxicity of 12 dioxin-like PCBs showed that normal operation of the wastewater reduced the toxicity throughout the wastewater treatment plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Jing
- University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Soliver Fusi
- University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Alisha Chan
- University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Staci Capozzi
- University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Birthe V Kjellerup
- University of Maryland at College Park, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 1147 Glenn L. Martin Hall, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
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14
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Helness H, Sun C, Damman S, Ahmadi M, Raspati G, Bjerkelund V, Moldestad G, Hattori K, Kato T, Ando N. High rate filtration for local treatment of combined sewer overflow. Water Sci Technol 2019; 79:1206-1213. [PMID: 31070600 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2019.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Combined sewer overflows (CSOs) pollute receiving waters and have a negative impact on ecosystem services. In urban areas rehabilitation of the sewer system to avoid CSOs is associated with high investment costs. Furthermore, not all CSOs can be closed due to the need for hydraulic reliability of the system. Local treatment of CSO with high rate filtration offers an alternative to rehabilitation of the sewer system that is flexible with respect to design and has lower investment cost than separating sewage and storm water runoff. Results from DESSIN, a 4-year EU demonstration project, are presented. The results showed on average 50% removal of particulate matter during CSO events, with higher removal (80%) in the initial first flush period. Other constituents, for example heavy metals, were removed through their association with particles. Potential impacts on ecosystem services in the catchment and the sustainability of the solution were assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Helness
- SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760, Torgarden, Norway E-mail:
| | - C Sun
- Inrigo AS, Verkstedvegen 4, N-7125 Vanvikan, Norway
| | - S Damman
- SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760, Torgarden, Norway E-mail:
| | - M Ahmadi
- SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760, Torgarden, Norway E-mail:
| | - G Raspati
- SINTEF, P.O. Box 4760, Torgarden, Norway E-mail:
| | - V Bjerkelund
- Inrigo AS, Verkstedvegen 4, N-7125 Vanvikan, Norway
| | - G Moldestad
- Inrigo AS, Verkstedvegen 4, N-7125 Vanvikan, Norway
| | - K Hattori
- METAWATER Co., Ltd, JR-Kanda-Manseibashi-Bldg. 1-25 Kanda-Suda, Chiyoda, 101-0041 Tokyo, Japan
| | - T Kato
- METAWATER Co., Ltd, JR-Kanda-Manseibashi-Bldg. 1-25 Kanda-Suda, Chiyoda, 101-0041 Tokyo, Japan
| | - N Ando
- METAWATER Co., Ltd, JR-Kanda-Manseibashi-Bldg. 1-25 Kanda-Suda, Chiyoda, 101-0041 Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Zeinolabedini M, Najafzadeh M. Comparative study of different wavelet-based neural network models to predict sewage sludge quantity in wastewater treatment plant. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:163. [PMID: 30772930 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, artificial neural networks (ANNs) including feed forward back propagation neural network (FFBP-NN) and the radial basis function neural network (RBF-NN) were applied to predict daily sewage sludge quantity in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Daily datasets of sewage sludge have been used to develop the artificial intelligence models. Six mother wavelet (W) functions were employed as a preprocessor in order to increase accuracy level of ANNs. In this way, a 4-day lags were considered as input variables to conduct training and testing stages for the proposed W-ANNs. To compare performance of W-ANNs with traditional ANNs, coefficient of correlation (R), root mean square error (RMSE), mean absolute error (MAE), and Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient (NSE) were considered. In the case of all wavelet functions, it was found that W-FFBP-NN (R = 0.99 and MAE = 5.78) and W-RBF-NN (R = 0.99 and MAE = 6.69) models had superiority to the FFBP-NN (R = 0.9 and MAE = 21.41) and RBF-NN (R = 0.9 and MAE = 20.1) models. Furthermore, the use of DMeyer function to improve ANNs indicated that W-FFBP-NN (RMSE = 7.76 and NSE = 0.98) and W-RBF-NN (RMSE = 9.35 and NSE = 0.98) approaches stood at the highest level of precision in comparison with other mother wavelet functions used to develop the FFBP-NN and RBF-NN approaches. Overall, this study proved that application of various mother wavelet functions into architecture of ANNs led to increasing accuracy of artificial neural networks for estimation of sewage sludge volume in the WWTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Zeinolabedini
- Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Surveying Engineering, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafzadeh
- Department of Water Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Surveying Engineering, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
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16
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Pedrazzani R, Bertanza G, Brnardić I, Cetecioglu Z, Dries J, Dvarionienė J, García-Fernández AJ, Langenhoff A, Libralato G, Lofrano G, Škrbić B, Martínez-López E, Meriç S, Pavlović DM, Papa M, Schröder P, Tsagarakis KP, Vogelsang C. Opinion paper about organic trace pollutants in wastewater: Toxicity assessment in a European perspective. Sci Total Environ 2019; 651:3202-3221. [PMID: 30463169 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Pedrazzani
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 38 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Giorgio Bertanza
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 43 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Ivan Brnardić
- Faculty of Metallurgy, University of Zagreb, Aleja narodnih heroja 3, 44103 Sisak, Croatia.
| | - Zeynep Cetecioglu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Jan Dries
- Faculty of Applied Engineering, University of Antwerp, Salesianenlaan 90, 2660 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Jolanta Dvarionienė
- Kaunas University of Technology, Institute of Environmental Engineering, Gedimino str. 50, 44239 Kaunas, Lithuania.
| | - Antonio J García-Fernández
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Campus of Espinardo, Spain.
| | - Alette Langenhoff
- Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Giusy Lofrano
- Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132-84084 Fisciano, Italy.
| | - Biljana Škrbić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Emma Martínez-López
- Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100, Campus of Espinardo, Spain.
| | - Süreyya Meriç
- Çorlu Engineering Faculty, Environmental Engineering Department, Namik Kemal University, Çorlu, 59860, Tekirdağ, Turkey.
| | - Dragana Mutavdžić Pavlović
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Marulićev trg 19, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Matteo Papa
- Department of Civil, Environmental, Architectural Engineering and Mathematics, University of Brescia, Via Branze, 43 and University Research Center "Integrated Models for Prevention and Protection in Environmental and Occupational Health", University of Brescia, 25123, Italy.
| | - Peter Schröder
- Helmholtz-Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany.
| | - Konstantinos P Tsagarakis
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Vas. Sofias 12, 67100 Xanthi, Greece.
| | - Christian Vogelsang
- Norwegian Institute for Water Research, Gaustadalleen 21, 0349 Oslo, Norway.
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17
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Sajjad RU, Paule-Mercado MC, Salim I, Memon S, Sukhbaatar C, Lee CH. Temporal variability of suspended solids in construction runoff and evaluation of time-paced sampling strategies. Environ Monit Assess 2019; 191:110. [PMID: 30689056 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-019-7195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The construction sites have been considered the type of land use with the highest pollution potential, especially due to the erosion of exposed soil surfaces. The runoff monitoring of the construction site was carried out since June 2011 through December 2015. Based on land use land cover (LULC) classification, the monitoring period was divided into active and post-construction phases. Total suspended solids (TSS) showed evident inter-phase variability in average annual event mean concentration (AAEMC) and wash-off pattern. We suggested that stringent runoff control measures should be adopted during active construction phase. Similarly, Personalized Computer Storm Water Management Model (PCSWMM) was applied to evaluate the performance of the time-paced discrete and composite sampling scheme in continuously changing LC scenario. It was found that even though the time-paced composite sampling scheme is more cost effective, it showed lower performance in EMC estimation when compared with the time-paced discrete sampling approach. The results also showed that the storm event monitored at a time discrete frequency of 5 min, 10 min, and 15 min, the maximum expected mean bias will be under the accepted level of 10% of the true EMC value. We concluded that construction phase-specific modifications in sampling scheme provides a view to generate near accurate estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Umer Sajjad
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
- Department of Environmental Science, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, Abbotabad, 22060, Pakistan
| | - Ma Cristina Paule-Mercado
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Imran Salim
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea
| | - Sheeraz Memon
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Chinzorig Sukhbaatar
- Division of Water Resource and Water Utilization, Institute of Geography and Geoecology, Academy of Science, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia
| | - Chang-Hee Lee
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Energy, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin-si, Gyeonggi-do, 17058, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Yu Y, Zou Z, Wang S. Statistical regression modeling for energy consumption in wastewater treatment. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 75:201-208. [PMID: 30473285 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater treatment is one of critical issues faced by water utilities, and receives more and more attentions recently. The energy consumption modeling in biochemical wastewater treatment was investigated in the study via a general and robust approach based on Bayesian semi-parametric quantile regression. The dataset was derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant, where the energy consumption of unit chemical oxygen demand (COD) reduction was the response variable of interest. Via the proposed approach, the comprehensive regression pictures of the energy consumption and truly influencing factors, i.e., the regression relationships at lower, median and higher energy consumption levels were characterized respectively. Meanwhile, the proposals for energy saving in different cases were also facilitated specifically. First, the lower level of energy consumption was closely associated with the temperature of influent wastewater, and the chroma-rich wastewater also showed helpful in the execution of energy saving. Second, at median energy consumption level, the COD-rich wastewater played a determinative role in the reduction of energy consumption, while the higher quality of treated water led to slightly energy intensive. Third, the higher level of energy consumption was most likely to be attributed to the relatively high temperature of wastewater and total nitrogen (TN)-rich wastewater, and both of the factors were preferably to be avoided to alleviate the burden of energy consumption. The study provided an efficient approach to controlling the energy consumption of wastewater treatment in the perspective of statistical regression modeling, and offered valuable suggestions for the future energy saving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhihong Zou
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shanshan Wang
- School of Economics and Management, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Emergence Support Simulation Technologies for City Operations, Beijing 100191, China.
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19
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Aydin S, Aydin ME, Ulvi A, Kilic H. Antibiotics in hospital effluents: occurrence, contribution to urban wastewater, removal in a wastewater treatment plant, and environmental risk assessment. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:544-558. [PMID: 30406596 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3563-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The study presented the occurrence of antibiotics in 16 different hospital effluents, the removal of antibiotics in urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), and the potential ecotoxicological risks of the effluent discharge on the aquatic ecosystem. The total concentration of antibiotics in hospital effluents was ranged from 21.2 ± 0.13 to 4886 ± 3.80 ng/L in summer and from 497 ± 3.66 to 322,735 ± 4.58 ng/L in winter. Azithromycin, clarithromycin, and ciprofloxacin were detected the highest concentrations among the investigated antibiotics. The total antibiotic load to the influent of the WWTP from hospitals was 3.46 g/day in summer and 303.2 g/day in winter. The total antibiotic contribution of hospitals to the influent of the WWTP was determined as 13% in summer and 28% in winter. The remaining 87% in summer and 72% in winter stems from the households. The total antibiotic removal by conventional physical and biological treatment processes was determined as 79% in summer, whereas it decreased to 36% in winter. When the environmental risk assessment was performed, azithromycin and clarithromycin in the effluent from the treatment plant in winter posed a high risk (RQ > 10) for the aquatic organisms (algae and fish) in the receiving environment. According to these results, the removal efficiency of antibiotics at the WWTP is inadequate and plant should be improved to remove antibiotics by advanced treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senar Aydin
- Environmental Engineering Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Emin Aydin
- Environmental Engineering Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ulvi
- Environmental Engineering Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Havva Kilic
- Environmental Engineering Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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20
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Boguniewicz-Zablocka J, Klosok-Bazan I, Naddeo V. Water quality and resource management in the dairy industry. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:1208-1216. [PMID: 29098587 PMCID: PMC6331735 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-0608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2017] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Food industry is one of the most important and fastest growing sectors of economy in Poland. This sector is also characterized by high demand for the resources, particularly for water. Polish food industrial plants consumed 793 hm3 of water in 2014. Dairy branch had a combined 35% share of the above consumption. As shown by the data obtained from the Polish Central Statistical Office, the majority of dairy plants use its own source of water, so this branch is also important water producer in Poland. Water used for dairy industry should meet the requirements of at least drinking water quality, so the factories need to treat the water. This paper analyses the correlations between selected technical process, equipment profiles and water quality, and consumption in two types of dairy factories (DF). The first one DF-1 processes approx. 50,000 L of milk, and the second, DF-2 processes approx. 330,000 L of milk per day. The water taken from the wells needs to be pre-treated because of iron and manganese concentration and due to specific requirements in various industrial processes. As a result of this work, we have managed to propose technological solutions in the context of water consumption rationalization. The proposed solutions aim at improving water and wastewater management by reducing the amount of consumed water by industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Boguniewicz-Zablocka
- Department of Thermal Engineering and Industrial Facilities, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland.
| | - Iwona Klosok-Bazan
- Department of Thermal Engineering and Industrial Facilities, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Opole University of Technology, Opole, Poland
| | - Vincenzo Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division (SEED), Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
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21
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Reash RJ. Bioavailability of mercury in power plant wastewater and ambient river samples: Evidence that the regulation of total mercury is not appropriate. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019; 15:142-147. [PMID: 30095221 DOI: 10.1002/ieam.4089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a neurotoxin that can cause debilitating effects to human and environmental receptors under high exposure conditions. For industrial and municipal point sources that discharge Hg, wastewater limitations on total Hg (THg) concentrations or loads are typical. While this regulatory practice provides simplicity for regulated industry and water resource agencies (i.e., for analytical detection and reporting purposes), it ignores the important considerations of speciation and bioavailability. In this study, water samples were collected from multiple power plant wastewater, simulated mixing zone, and ambient river locations (N = 10 to 20) and were analyzed for bioavailable Hg forms (methylmercury and acid-labile Hg, or BHg), THg, and dissolved Hg. The median concentration of THg in wastewater, mixing zone, and ambient river samples was 7.1, 5.3, and 2.3 ng/L, respectively. The percentages of THg as BHg (median values) were 18.7%, 29.3%, and 8.5% for wastewater, mixing zone, and ambient river samples. The percentages of methylmercury (MeHg) as THg were not statistically different between paired ambient and mixing zone samples (P > 0.05); this result indicates that wastewater did not increase the MeHg fraction when mixed with ambient water. Multiple regression analysis indicated that variation in THg for combined wastewater and mixing zone samples could be adequately explained by pooled water quality parameters (total suspended solids, total dissolved solids, sulfate, total organic carbon, pH, specific conductivity; r2 = 0.51; P < 0.05); however, no significant regression relationships were apparent for the percentage of BHg. These results, at least for the wastewater samples evaluated, indicate that regulating THg is likely overly conservative, and mechanisms to regulate the bioavailable forms of Hg are needed. If Hg fish tissue monitoring data indicate that concentrations are less than consumption thresholds, metal translator methodologies or bioavailability-based criterion techniques (as currently used for non-Hg trace elements) should be allowed for Hg. Integr Environ Assess Manag 2019;15:142-147. © 2018 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Reash
- American Electric Power, Environmental Services Department, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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22
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Han G, Shin SG, Cho K, Lee J, Kim W, Hwang S. Temporal variation in bacterial and methanogenic communities of three full-scale anaerobic digesters treating swine wastewater. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2019; 26:1217-1226. [PMID: 29327188 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-1103-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of temporal variations of process parameters on microbial community structures in the two types of full-scale anaerobic digester treating swine wastewater, three full-scale anaerobic digesters were monitored. An anaerobic filter (AF)-type digester located in Gong-Ju (GJ) showed the highest COD removal among three digesters and maintained stable efficiency. A digester in Hong-Seong (HS) was of the same type as it GJ and showed improved efficiency over the sampling period. A continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR)-type digester in Soon-Cheon (SC) showed decreasing efficiency due to a high residual concentration of VFAs and NH4+. These process efficiencies were closely correlated to the Simpson indices of the methanogenic communities. Genera Bacillus, Methanosaeta, and Methanospirillum that have filamentous morphology were dominant in both AF-type digesters, but genera Acholeplasma, Methanosarcina, and Methanoculleus that have spherical or coccoid morphology were dominantly abundant in the CSTR-type digester. Correlation between populations suggests a possible syntrophic relationship between genera Desulfobulbus and Methanosaeta in digesters GJ and HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuseong Han
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Gu Shin
- Department of Energy Engineering, Future Convergence Technology Research Institute, Gyeongnam National University of Science and Technology, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Kyungjin Cho
- Center for Water Resource Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, 39-1, Hawolgok-Dong, Seongbuk-Gu, Seoul, 136-791, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonyeob Lee
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea
| | - Woong Kim
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seokhwan Hwang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 790-784, Republic of Korea.
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23
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Zhang Q, Gaafar M, Davies EGR, Bolton JR, Liu Y. Monochloramine dissipation in storm sewer systems: field testing and model development. Water Sci Technol 2018; 78:2279-2287. [PMID: 30699079 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Monochloramine (NH2Cl), as the dominant disinfectant in drinking water chloramination, can provide long-term disinfection in distribution systems. However, NH2Cl can also be discharged into storm sewer systems and cause stormwater contamination through outdoor tap water uses. In storm sewer systems, NH2Cl dissipation can occur by three pathways: (i) auto-decomposition, (ii) chemical reaction with stormwater components, and (iii) biological dissipation. In this research, a field NH2Cl dissipation test was conducted with continuous tap water discharge into a storm sewer. The results showed a fast decrease of NH2Cl concentration from the discharge point to the sampling point at the beginning of the discharge period, while the rate of decrease decreased as time passed. Based on the various pathways involved in NH2Cl decay and the field testing results, a kinetic model was developed. To describe the variation of the NH2Cl dissipation rates during the field testing, a time coefficient fT was introduced, and the relationship between fT and time was determined. After calibration through the fT coefficient, the kinetic model described the field NH2Cl dissipation process well. The model developed in this research can assist in the regulation of tap water outdoor discharge and contribute to the protection of the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyi Zhang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9 E-mail:
| | - Mohamed Gaafar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9 E-mail:
| | - Evan G R Davies
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9 E-mail:
| | - James R Bolton
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9 E-mail:
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 1H9 E-mail:
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Chen Q, Wang Q, Yan H, Chen C, Ma J, Xu Q. Improve the performance of full-scale continuous treatment of municipal wastewater by combining a numerical model and online sensors. Water Sci Technol 2018; 78:1658-1667. [PMID: 30500790 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2018.442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mathematical models based on instant environmental inputs are increasingly applied to optimize the operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for improving treatment efficiency. This study established a numerical model consisting of the activated sludge module ASM3 and EAWAG bio-P module, and calibrated the model using data from a full-scale experiment conducted in a WWTP in Nanjing, China. The calibrated model was combined with online sensors for water temperature, chemical oxygen demand, NH+ 4-N and PO3- 4-P to optimize and dynamically adjust the operation of the WWTP. The results showed that, compared to the original default operation mode, the effluent water quality was significantly improved after optimization even without supplementation of external carbon or alkalinity, and the required aeration rate in spring, summer, autumn, and winter was reduced by 15, 41, 33 and 11%, respectively. The study indicated that there was the potential for application of closed-loop automatic control to regulate operating parameters to improve wastewater treatment processes through the integration of data on influent characteristics and environmental conditions from sensors, and results from simulation models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing 210029, China; Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China E-mail:
| | - Qibin Wang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hanlu Yan
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China E-mail:
| | - Cheng Chen
- Center for Eco-Environmental Research, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China E-mail:
| | - Jinfeng Ma
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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25
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Guo XP, Liu X, Niu ZS, Lu DP, Zhao S, Sun XL, Wu JY, Chen YR, Tou FY, Hou L, Liu M, Yang Y. Seasonal and spatial distribution of antibiotic resistance genes in the sediments along the Yangtze Estuary, China. Environ Pollut 2018; 242:576-584. [PMID: 30014935 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotics resistance genes (ARGs) are considered as an emerging pollutant among various environments. As a sink of ARGs, a comprehensive study on the spatial and temporal distribution of ARGs in the estuarine sediments is needed. In the present study, six ARGs were determined in sediments taken along the Yangtze Estuary temporally and spatially. The sulfonamides, tetracyclines and fluoroquinolones resistance genes including sul1, sul2, tetA, tetW, aac(6')-Ib, and qnrS, were ubiquitous, and the average abundances of most ARGs showed significant seasonal differences, with relative low abundances in winter and high abundances in summer. Moreover, the relative high abundances of ARGs were found at Shidongkou (SDK) and Wusongkou (WSK), which indicated that the effluents from the wastewater treatment plant upstream and inland river discharge could influence the abundance of ARGs in sediments. The positive correlation between intI1 and sul1 implied intI1 may be related to the occurrence and propagation of sulfonamides resistance genes. Correlation analysis and redundancy discriminant analysis showed that antibiotic concentrations had no significant correlation to their corresponding ARGs, while the total extractable metal, especially the bioavailable metals, as well as other environmental factors including temperature, clay, total organic carbon and total nitrogen, could regulate the occurrence and distribution of ARGs temporally and spatially. Our findings suggested the comprehensive effects of multiple pressures on the distribution of ARGs in the sediments, providing new insight into the distribution and dissemination of ARGs in estuarine sediments, spatially and temporally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Pan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xinran Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zuo-Shun Niu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Da-Pei Lu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Sai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiao-Li Sun
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jia-Yuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yu-Ru Chen
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fei-Yun Tou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Lijun Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China; State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 North Zhongshan Road, Shanghai 200062, China.
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26
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Wang S, Qiu S, Ge S, Liu J, Peng Z. Benchmarking Toronto wastewater treatment plants using DEA window and Tobit regression analysis with a dynamic efficiency perspective. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2018; 25:32649-32659. [PMID: 30242658 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3202-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The environmental-economic focus of wastewater treatment and management attracts growing attentions in recent years. The static efficiencies and their dynamic changes are helpful to systematically assess the environmental performance of the water agencies and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Additionally, identifying key factors of efficiencies is critical to improve the operation of WWTPs. In this study, the window method of data envelopment analysis (DEA) was applied to estimate the annual efficiency for four Canadian WWTPs and to explore the variations of annual efficiency under different window lengths. Meanwhile, the Tobit regression analysis was developed to determine the driving forces for WWTPs' efficiency. The empirical results showed that: (i) the selected DEA window length remarkably affected both the average efficiency and the variations; however, it had no impact on the ranking of plants' efficiency; (ii) lower efficiencies were observed in plants with larger capacities due to higher infrastructure and operation investments involved; (iii) both the influent total phosphorus concentrations and influent flow rates had significant effects on the WWTPs' performance. Moreover, the staff and utility expenditures should be reduced to generate greater potential cost savings and efficiency improvement given the treatment technologies employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sufeng Wang
- School of Economy and Management of Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Center for Water and The Environment, Queens' University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Shuang Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shijian Ge
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Xiao Ling Wei 200, Nanjing, 210094, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jia Liu
- Library of Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, Shanxi, China
| | - Zhanglin Peng
- School of Management of Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China
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27
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K'oreje KO, Kandie FJ, Vergeynst L, Abira MA, Van Langenhove H, Okoth M, Demeestere K. Occurrence, fate and removal of pharmaceuticals, personal care products and pesticides in wastewater stabilization ponds and receiving rivers in the Nzoia Basin, Kenya. Sci Total Environ 2018; 637-638:336-348. [PMID: 29751313 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Although there is increased global environmental concern about emerging organic micropollutants (EOMPs) such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PPCPs) and polar pesticides, limited information is available on their occurrence in Africa. This study presents unique data on concentrations and loads of 31 PPCPs and 10 pesticides in four wastewater stabilization ponds (WSPs) and receiving rivers (flowing through urban centres) in Kenya. The WSPs indicate a high potential to remove pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) with removals by up to >4 orders of magnitude (>99.99% removal), mainly occurring at the facultative stage. However, there are large differences in removal among the different classes, and a shift in the relative PhACs occurrence is observed during wastewater treatment. Whereas the influent is dominated by high-consumption PhACs like anti-inflammatory drugs (e.g. paracetamol and ibuprofen, up to 1000 μg L-1), the most recalcitrant PhACs including mainly antibiotics (e.g. sulfadoxin and sulfamethoxazole) and antiretrovirals (e.g. lamivudine and nevirapine) are largely abundant (up to 100 μg L-1) in treated effluent. Overall, concentrations of EOMPs in the Nzoia Basin rivers are the highest in dry season (except pesticides) and in small tributaries. They are of the same order of magnitude as those measured in the western world, but clearly lower than what we recently measured in the Ngong River, Nairobi region. Based on the specific consumption patterns and recalcitrant behavior, high concentrations (>1000 ng L-1) are observed in the rivers for PPCPs like lamivudine, zidovudine, sulfamethoxazole and methylparaben. Concentration levels of pesticides are in general one order of magnitude lower (<250 ng L-1). Our data suggest a continuous input of EOMPs to the rivers from both point (WSPs) and diffuse (urban centres) sources. To better understand and manage the impact of both sources, EOMP removal mechanisms in WSPs and their attenuation in rivers merit further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth Otieno K'oreje
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium; Water Resources Authority (WRA), P.O. Box 45250, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya.
| | - Faith Jebiwot Kandie
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leendert Vergeynst
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Herman Van Langenhove
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Maurice Okoth
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, School of Science, University of Eldoret, P.O. Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya; Kenya Methodist University, P.O. Box 267-60200, Meru, Kenya.
| | - Kristof Demeestere
- Research Group Environmental Organic Chemistry and Technology (EnVOC), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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28
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Liu YY, Lin YS, Yen CH, Miaw CL, Chen TC, Wu MC, Hsieh CY. Identification, contribution, and estrogenic activity of potential EDCs in a river receiving concentrated livestock effluent in Southern Taiwan. Sci Total Environ 2018; 636:464-476. [PMID: 29709864 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We assessed 22 selected endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) and other emerging, potentially endocrine-active compounds with estrogenic activity from the waters of the Wuluo River, southern Taiwan. This watershed receives high amounts of livestock and untreated household wastewaters. The river is surrounded by concentrated animal feedlot operations (CAFOs). River water samples were analyzed for selected compounds by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), T47D-KBluc reporter gene assay, and E-screen cell proliferation in vitro bioassay. Total concentrations of ∑alkylphenolic compounds (bisphenol A, 4-nonylphenol, t-nonylphenol, octylphenol, nonylphenol mono-ethoxylate, nonylphenol di-ethoxylate) were much higher than ∑estrogens (estrone, 17 β-estradiol, estriol, 17ß-ethynylestradiol, diethylstilbestrol), ∑preservatives (methyl paraben, ethyl paraben, propyl paraben, butyl paraben), ∑UV-filters (benzophenone, methyl benzylidene camphor, benzophenone-3), ∑antimicrobials (triclocarben, triclosan, chloroxylenol), and an insect repellent (diethyltoluamide) over four seasonal sampling periods. The highest concentration was found for bisphenol A with a mean of 302 ng/L. However, its contribution to estrogenic activity was not significant due to its relatively low estrogenic potency. Lower detection rates were found for BP, EE2, TCS, and PCMX, while DES and EP were not detected. E1 and E2 levels in raw water samples were 50% higher than the predicted no-effect concentrations (PNEC) for aquatic organisms of 6 and 2 ng/L, respectively. The potency of estrogenic activity ranged from 11.7 to 190.1 ng/L E2T47D-Kbluc and 6.63 to 84.5 ng/L E2E-Screen for extracted samples. Importantly, estrone contributed 50% of the overall activity in 60% and 44% of the samples based on T47D-KBluc and MCF-7 bioassays, followed by 17 ß-estradiol, highlighting the importance of total steroid estrogen loading. This study demonstrates that the estrogenic activity of target chemicals was comparable to levels found in different countries worldwide. More intense wastewater treatment is required in areas of intensive agriculture in order to prevent adverse impacts on the ambient environment and aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Yu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yi-Siou Lin
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chia-Hung Yen
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chang-Ling Miaw
- Department of Nursing, Tajen University, Pingtung 90741, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ting-Chien Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Meng-Chun Wu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chi-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan, ROC.
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29
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Zhou H, Liu X, Chen X, Ying T, Ying Z. Characteristics of removal of waste-water marking pharmaceuticals with typical hydrophytes in the urban rivers. Sci Total Environ 2018; 636:1291-1302. [PMID: 29913591 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The investigations on their variation and distribution of 13 called waste-water marking pharmaceuticals (WWMPs) were conducted under 4 hydrophyte conditions (without plants, with submerged aquatic plant (Myriophyllum verticillatum L.), emergent aquatic plant cattail (Typha orientalis Presl) and floating aquatic plant (Lemna minor L.)) in a simulated urban river system. By the calculation of mass balance, the quantitative distribution of WWMPs in water phase, sediment and plant tissues was identified, and the overall removal efficiencies of target pharmaceuticals in the whole system could be determined. Without plants, high persistence of atenolol (ATL) (97.7%), carbamazepine (CBM) (102.8%), clofibric acid (CLF) (101.8%) and ibuprofen (IBU) (80.9%) was detected in water phase, while triclosan (TCS) (53.5%) displayed strong adsorption affinity in sediment. The removal under the planted conditions was considerably raised, compared with no plant condition for most WWMPs. However, TCS did not show obvious differences among the hydrophyte conditions due to its strong adsorption affinity and high hydrophobicity. The relatively higher removal was found for the hydrophilic (logKow<1) or moderately hydrophobic (1<logKow<3) pharmaceuticals with submerged and emergent aquatic plants. The highly hydrophobic pharmaceuticals (logKow>4.0) did not show significant differences among the whole tests in sediment. Mass balance calculation displayed the removal of CBM (5.6%-13.6%), CLF (4.0%-17.8%) and caffeine (8.4%-17.2%) through the plant uptake was relatively higher. For the rest WWMPs, only small parts (<6.0%) of the initial concentrations were found in plant tissues. The higher removal efficiencies of most WWMPs under the planted conditions indicated that aquatic plants indeed played an important role in the removal of WWMPs although the direct uptakes might not be a dominant pathway to the overall removal of WWMPs. Besides, the floating aquatic plant removed most WWMPs from the water phase efficiently. In contrast, submerged and emergent aquatic plants could effectively remove them in sediment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Zhou
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xiaomeng Chen
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Tianqi Ying
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Zhenxi Ying
- School of Environment and Architecture, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
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30
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Scott TM, Phillips PJ, Kolpin DW, Colella KM, Furlong ET, Foreman WT, Gray JL. Pharmaceutical manufacturing facility discharges can substantially increase the pharmaceutical load to U.S. wastewaters. Sci Total Environ 2018; 636:69-79. [PMID: 29704718 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Discharges from pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities (PMFs) previously have been identified as important sources of pharmaceuticals to the environment. Yet few studies are available to establish the influence of PMFs on the pharmaceutical source contribution to wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and waterways at the national scale. Consequently, a national network of 13 WWTPs receiving PMF discharges, six WWTPs with no PMF input, and one WWTP that transitioned through a PMF closure were selected from across the United States to assess the influence of PMF inputs on pharmaceutical loading to WWTPs. Effluent samples were analyzed for 120 pharmaceuticals and pharmaceutical degradates. Of these, 33 pharmaceuticals had concentrations substantially higher in PMF-influenced effluent (maximum 555,000 ng/L) compared to effluent from control sites (maximum 175 ng/L). Concentrations in WWTP receiving PMF input are variable, as discharges from PMFs are episodic, indicating that production activities can vary substantially over relatively short (several months) periods and have the potential to rapidly transition to other pharmaceutical products. Results show that PMFs are an important, national-scale source of pharmaceuticals to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tia-Marie Scott
- U.S. Geological Survey, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
| | | | - Dana W Kolpin
- U.S. Geological Survey, 400 S. Clinton Street, Rm 269 Federal Building, Iowa City, IA 52240, United States.
| | - Kaitlyn M Colella
- U.S. Geological Survey, 425 Jordan Road, Troy, NY 12180, United States.
| | - Edward T Furlong
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver Federal Center, Building 95, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
| | - William T Foreman
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver Federal Center, Building 95, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
| | - James L Gray
- U.S. Geological Survey, National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver Federal Center, Building 95, Denver, CO 80225, United States.
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31
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Vishali S, Roshini SK, Samyuktha MR, Ashish Anand K. Towards zero waste production in the paint industry wastewater using an agro-based material in the treatment train. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:587. [PMID: 30218399 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6904-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
An attempt has been made to evaluate the use of natural, agro-based material, Moringa oleifera as a coagulant in the treatment of recreated water-based paint effluent. The treatment train sequence comprising coagulation, flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration, and membrane filtration was used. The efficiency was evaluated in terms of color and turbidity. The influence of experimental parameters such as eluent type, eluent concentration, coagulant dose, coagulant-eluate volume, initial effluent pH, and initial effluent concentration was examined. The recommended conditions to yield maximum removal efficiency are 80 mL of eluate prepared using 3 g of M. oleifera seed powder and 1 N NaCl, under actual pH, to treat a liter of effluent. The treated supernatant from coagulation unit was passed through a sand filtration setup and a membrane filtration, with a maximum removal of color above 95%. The results affirmed the positive coagulation properties of M. oleifera, which could serve as a better alternative for chemical coagulant. The optimized treatment conditions derived for the recreated paint effluent were applied in the real paint effluent treatment. An opportunity was identified for re-using treated wastewater, as a cooling fluid and a diluting agent for lower quality paints.The results affirmed the positive coagulation properties of M. oleifera, which could serve as a better alternative for chemical coagulant. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Vishali
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603-203, India.
| | - S K Roshini
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603-203, India
| | - M R Samyuktha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603-203, India
| | - K Ashish Anand
- Department of Chemical Engineering, SRM University, Kattankulathur, 603-203, India
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32
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Bókony V, Üveges B, Ujhegyi N, Verebélyi V, Nemesházi E, Csíkvári O, Hettyey A. Endocrine disruptors in breeding ponds and reproductive health of toads in agricultural, urban and natural landscapes. Sci Total Environ 2018; 634:1335-1345. [PMID: 29710633 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.03.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Many chemical pollutants have endocrine disrupting effects which can cause lifelong reproductive abnormalities in animals. Amphibians are the most threatened group of vertebrates, but there is little information on the nature and quantity of pollutants occurring in typical amphibian breeding habitats and on the reproductive capacities of amphibian populations inhabiting polluted areas. In this study we investigated the occurrence and concentrations of endocrine disrupting chemicals in the water and sediment of under-studied amphibian breeding habitats in natural, agricultural and urbanized landscapes. Also, we captured reproductively active common toads (Bufo bufo) from these habitats and let them spawn in a 'common garden' to assess among-population differences in reproductive capacity. Across 12 ponds, we detected 41 out of the 133 contaminants we screened for, with unusually high concentrations of glyphosate and carbamazepine. Levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nonylphenol and bisphenol-A increased with urban land use, whereas levels of organochlorine and triazine pesticides and sex hormones increased with agricultural land use. Toads from all habitats had high fecundity, fertilization rate and offspring viability, but the F1 generation originating from agricultural and urban ponds had reduced development rates and lower body mass both as larvae and as juveniles. Females with small clutch mass produced thicker jelly coat around their eggs if they originated from agricultural and urban ponds compared with natural ponds. These results suggest that the observed pollution levels did not compromise reproductive potential in toads, but individual fitness and population viability may be reduced in anthropogenically influenced habitats, perhaps due to transgenerational effects and/or costs of tolerance to chemical contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Bókony
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Bálint Üveges
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Nikolett Ujhegyi
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktória Verebélyi
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary; Institute for Biology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Rottenbiller u. 50, 1077 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Edina Nemesházi
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Olivér Csíkvári
- HPLC and HPLC-MS Group, Organic Analytical Department, Bálint Analitika Kft, Fehérvári út 144, 1116 Budapest, Hungary; Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Szent Gellért tér 4, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Attila Hettyey
- Lendület Evolutionary Ecology Research Group, Plant Protection Institute, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Herman Ottó út 15, 1022 Budapest, Hungary
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33
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Farkas K, Cooper DM, McDonald JE, Malham SK, de Rougemont A, Jones DL. Seasonal and spatial dynamics of enteric viruses in wastewater and in riverine and estuarine receiving waters. Sci Total Environ 2018; 634:1174-1183. [PMID: 29710623 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Enteric viruses represent a global public health threat and are implicated in numerous foodborne and waterborne disease outbreaks. Nonetheless, relatively little is known of their fate and stability in the environment. In this study we used carefully validated methods to monitor enteric viruses, namely adenovirus (AdV), JC polyomavirus (JCV), noroviruses (NoVs), sapovirus (SaV) and hepatitis A and E viruses (HAV and HEV) from wastewater source to beaches and shellfish beds. Wastewater influent and effluent, surface water, sediment and shellfish samples were collected in the Conwy catchment (North Wales, UK) once a month for one year. High concentrations of AdV and JCV were found in the majority of samples, and no seasonal patterns were observed. No HAV and HEV were detected and no related illnesses were reported in the area during the period of sampling. Noroviruses and SaV were also detected at high concentrations in wastewater and surface water, and their presence correlated with local gastroenteritis outbreaks during the spring and autumn seasons. Noroviruses were also found in estuarine sediment and in shellfish harvested for human consumption. As PCR-based methods were used for quantification, viral infectivity and degradation was estimated using a NoV capsid integrity assay. The assay revealed low-levels of viral decay in wastewater effluent compared to influent, and more significant decay in environmental waters and sediment. Results suggest that AdV and JCV may be suitable markers for the assessment of the spatial distribution of wastewater contamination in the environment; and pathogenic viruses can be directly monitored during and after reported outbreaks to prevent further environment-derived illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kata Farkas
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK.
| | - David M Cooper
- Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor LL57 2UW, UK
| | - James E McDonald
- School of Biological Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Shelagh K Malham
- School of Ocean Sciences, Bangor University, Menai Bridge, Anglesey LL59 5AB, UK
| | - Alexis de Rougemont
- Centre National de Référence Virus des gastro-entérites, Laboratoire de Virologie-Sérologie, CHU de Dijon, 2 rue Angélique Ducoudray, BP37013, 21070 Dijon cedex, France; UMR PAM A 02.102 Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté/AgroSup Dijon, 1 Esplanade Erasme, 21000 Dijon, France
| | - Davey L Jones
- School of Environment, Natural Resources and Geography, Bangor University, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
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Qin L, Song XY, Chao ZL, Feng XH, Xia L. [Permissible pollution bearing capacity model of water function zone based on the perspective of municipal wastewater discharge and its application.]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2018; 29:3051-3057. [PMID: 30411582 DOI: 10.13287/j.1001-9332.201809.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Permissible pollution bearing capacity was an important basis for the prohibiting pollution discharge and assessing responsibility in the regional water function zone. In order to adapt to the current 'county-based' water environmental management mode in water function zone, we exami-ned the permissible pollution bearing capacity from the perspective of municipal permissible pollution discharge. A municipal pollution discharge model was established to predict the permissible pollution bearing capacity, which was then applied to Liquan and Jingyang counties in the downstream of Jinghe River. The results showed that the permissible pollution discharge in Liquan and Jingyang counties were closely related to the river discharge, with the permissible pollution discharge in the flood season being higher than that in the dry season. The COD concentration in the water function zone of Liquan County exceeded water quality target from November to next March. Therefore, the pollution discharge in this period of Liquan County should be reduced. The value of the pollution discharge would affect the results for the calculation of permissible pollution bearing capacity. The municipal wastewater discharge model could obtain more reasonable results of permissible pollution bearing capacity by using relatively stable pollution concentration data. Overall, our results could provide the scientific basis for the strict system of water resource management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xiao Yu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Zhi Long Chao
- Shaanxi Hydrology and Water Resources Survey Bureau, Xi'an 710068, China
| | - Xiang Hua Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Lu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
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An M, He W, Degefu DM, Liao Z, Zhang Z, Yuan L. Spatial Patterns of Urban Wastewater Discharge and Treatment Plants Efficiency in China. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018; 15:ijerph15091892. [PMID: 30200356 PMCID: PMC6163958 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15091892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With the rapid economic development, water pollution has become a major concern in China. Understanding the spatial variation of urban wastewater discharge and measuring the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants are prerequisites for rationally designing schemes and infrastructures to control water pollution. Based on the input and output urban wastewater treatment data of the 31 provinces of mainland China for the period 2011–2015, the spatial variation of urban water pollution and the efficiency of wastewater treatment plants were measured and mapped. The exploratory spatial data analysis (ESDA) model and super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (DEA) combined Malmquist index were used to achieve this goal. The following insight was obtained from the results. (1) The intensity of urban wastewater discharge increased, and the urban wastewater discharge showed a spatial agglomeration trend for the period 2011 to 2015. (2) The average inefficiency of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for the study period was 39.2%. The plants’ efficiencies worsened from the eastern to western parts of the country. (3) The main reasons for the low efficiency were the lack of technological upgrade and scale-up. The technological upgrade rate was −4.8%, while the scale efficiency increases as a result of scaling up was −0.2%. Therefore, to improve the wastewater treatment efficiency of the country, the provinces should work together to increase capital investment and technological advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min An
- Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Weijun He
- College of Economics & Management, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
| | - Dagmawi Mulugeta Degefu
- Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Zaiyi Liao
- Faculty of Engineering and Architectural Science, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada.
| | - Zhaofang Zhang
- Business School, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China.
| | - Liang Yuan
- College of Economics & Management, Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China.
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Araromi DO, Majekodunmi OT, Adeniran JA, Salawudeen TO. Modeling of an activated sludge process for effluent prediction-a comparative study using ANFIS and GLM regression. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:495. [PMID: 30069797 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6878-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, nonlinear system identification of the activated sludge process in an industrial wastewater treatment plant was completed using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) and generalized linear model (GLM) regression. Predictive models of the effluent chemical and 5-day biochemical oxygen demands were developed from measured past inputs and outputs. From a set of candidates, least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO), and a fuzzy brute-force search were utilized in selecting the best combination of regressors for the GLMs and ANFIS models respectively. Root mean square error (RMSE) and Pearson's correlation coefficient (R-value) served as metrics in assessing the predicting performance of the models. Contrasted with the GLM predictions, the obtained modeling results show that the ANFIS models provide better predictions of the studied effluent variables. The results of the empirical search for the dominant regressors indicate the models have an enormous potential in the estimation of the time lag before a desired effluent quality can be realized, and preempting process disturbances. Hence, the models can be used in developing a software tool that will facilitate the effective management of the treatment operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dauda Olurotimi Araromi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
| | - Olukayode Titus Majekodunmi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Jamiu Adetayo Adeniran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, P.M.B. 1515, Nigeria
| | - Taofeeq Olalekan Salawudeen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, P.M.B. 4000, Nigeria
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Houtman CJ, Ten Broek R, Brouwer A. Steroid hormonal bioactivities, culprit natural and synthetic hormones and other emerging contaminants in waste water measured using bioassays and UPLC-tQ-MS. Sci Total Environ 2018; 630:1492-1501. [PMID: 29554767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.02.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Emission of compounds with biological activities from waste water treatment plant (WWTP) effluents into surface waters is a topic of concern for ecology and drinking water quality. We investigated the occurrence of hormone-like activities in waste water sample extracts from four Dutch WWTPs and pursued to identify compounds responsible for them. To this aim, in vitro reporter gene bioassays for androgenic, anti-androgenic, estrogenic, glucocorticoid and progestogenic activity and a UPLC-tQ-MS target analysis method for 25 steroid hormones used in high volumes in pharmacy were applied. Principal component analysis of the data was performed to further characterize the detected activities and compounds. All five types of activities tested were observed in the WWTP samples. Androgenic and estrogenic activities were almost completely removed during WW treatment, anti-androgenic activity was only found in treated WW. Glucocorticoid and progestogenic activities persisted throughout the treatment. The androgenic activity in both influent could predominantly be attributed to the presence of androstenedione and testosterone. Anti-androgenic activity was explained by the presence of cyproterone acetate. The glucocorticoid activity in influent was fully explained by prednicarbate, triamcinolone acetonide, dexamethasone and amcinonide. In effluent however, detected hormones could only explain 10-32% of the activity, indicating the presence of unknown glucocorticoids or their metabolites in effluent. Progesterone and levonorgestrel could explain the observed progestogenic activity. The principle component analysis confirmed the way in which hormones fit in the spectrum of other emerging contaminants concerning occurrence and fate in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corine J Houtman
- The Water Laboratory, P.O. Box 734, 2003 RS Haarlem, The Netherlands.
| | - Rob Ten Broek
- The Water Laboratory, P.O. Box 734, 2003 RS Haarlem, The Netherlands
| | - Abraham Brouwer
- BioDetection Systems B.V, Science Park 406, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Animal Ecology, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Nguyen TNP, Chao SJ, Chen PC, Huang C. Effects of C/N ratio on nitrate removal and floc morphology of autohydrogenotrophic bacteria in a nitrate-containing wastewater treatment process. J Environ Sci (China) 2018; 69:52-60. [PMID: 29941269 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of C/N ratio of a nitrate-containing wastewater on nitrate removal performed by autohydrogenotrophic bacteria as well as on the morphological parameters of floc such as floc morphology, floc number distribution, mean particle size (MPS), aspect ratio and transparency were examined in this study. The results showed that the nitrate reduction rate increased with increasing C/N ratio from 0.5 to 10 and that the nitrogen removal of up to 95% was found at the C/N ratios of higher than 5 (between 0.5-10). Besides, high C/N ratio values reflected a corresponding high nitrite accumulation after 12-hr operation, and a fast decreasing rate of nitrite in the rest of operational time. The final pH values increased with the C/N ratio increasing from 0.5 to 2.5, but decreased with the C/N ratio increasing from 2.5 to 10. There were no significant changes in floc morphology with the MPSs ranging from 35 to 40μm. Small and medium-sized flocs were dominant in the sludge suspension, and the number of flocs increased with the increasing C/N ratios. Furthermore, the highest apparent frequency of 10% was observed at aspect ratios of 0.5 and 0.6, while the transparency of flocs changed from 0.1 to 0.7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Ngoc Phu Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Chinese Taipei
| | - Shu-Ju Chao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Chinese Taipei
| | - Pei-Chung Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Chinese Taipei
| | - Chihpin Huang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 300, Chinese Taipei.
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Kafaei R, Papari F, Seyedabadi M, Sahebi S, Tahmasebi R, Ahmadi M, Sorial GA, Asgari G, Ramavandi B. Occurrence, distribution, and potential sources of antibiotics pollution in the water-sediment of the northern coastline of the Persian Gulf, Iran. Sci Total Environ 2018; 627:703-712. [PMID: 29426195 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.01.305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Occurrence and frequency of six most prescribed antibiotics (tetracycline, norfloxacin, azithromycin, anhydro erythromycin, cephalexin, and amoxicillin) were assessed in three wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), and in water and sediments of the Persian Gulf at Bushehr coastline, Iran. The antibiotics concentration in the influent and effluent of septic tank (the hospital WWTP), activated sludge (the hospital WWTP), and stabilization pond (municipal WWTP) ranged between 7.89 and 149.63, 13.49-198.47, 6.55-16.37 ng/L, respectively. Conventional treatment resulted in incomplete removal of most of the studied antibiotics. Furthermore, the activated sludge was more effective in terms of antibiotic elimination compared to the stabilization pond or septic tank. The mean concentration of antibiotics ranged 1.21-51.50 ng/L in seawater and 1.40-25.32 ng/g in sediments during summer and winter. Norfloxacin was the dominant detected antibiotic in seawater, sediments, and influent of two hospital WWTPs. Seasonal comparisons showed significant differences for erythromycin and amoxicillin concentrations in seawater. Spatial variation indicated the role of physicochemical properties on distribution of antibiotics in seawater and sediments. The results emphasize the need to pay attention to antibiotic contamination in water and sediments of the Persian Gulf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raheleh Kafaei
- School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Papari
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mohammad Seyedabadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Soleyman Sahebi
- Research and Technology Center of Membrane Processes (RTCMP), School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rahim Tahmasebi
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Mehdi Ahmadi
- Environmental Technologies Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran; Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - George A Sorial
- Environmental Engineering Program, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0012, USA
| | - Ghorban Asgari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center (SDHRC), Faculty of Public Health, Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Bahman Ramavandi
- Environmental Health Engineering Department, Faculty of Health and Nutrition, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran.
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Khan A, Shams DF, Khan W, Ijaz A, Qasim M, Saad M, Hafeez A, Baig SA, Ahmed N. Prevalence of selected pharmaceuticals in surface water receiving untreated sewage in northwest Pakistan. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:324. [PMID: 29728779 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6683-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the occurrence of four non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and four benzodiazepines/anti-depressants (ADs) in municipal wastewater in Mardan city, Pakistan, and in River Kabul and River Indus receiving untreated sewage. Liquid chromatography with a triple quadrupole tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was used for the analysis of paracetamol, diclofenac, ibuprofen, and codeine (NSAIDs) and diazepam, bromazepam, lorazepam, and temazepam (ADs). Except codeine and lorazepam, all the target compounds were observed in sewage and surface water in various concentrations. In sewage, paracetamol was found at the higher end (32.4 μg/L) of the reported ranges in literature for other countries. Results of river samples showed that the target compounds were usually lower in concentration than the respective EC50 values for aquatic organisms. However, the levels for paracetamol and ibuprofen were critical depicting the consequence of untreated disposal. Environmental risk assessment by estimating the risk quotient (RQ) as the ratio of measured environmental concentration and predicted no-effect concentration showed medium to high (RQ > 1 and 0.1 < RQ < 1) risk from paracetamol and ibuprofen to aquatic organisms in River Kabul and Kalpani stream, Pakistan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Khan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Dilawar Farhan Shams
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Waliullah Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Aamir Ijaz
- Department of Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Qasim
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Maryam Saad
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Hafeez
- Department of Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Shams Ali Baig
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan
| | - Nisar Ahmed
- Department of Endocrinology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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Atinkpahoun CNH, Le ND, Pontvianne S, Poirot H, Leclerc JP, Pons MN, Soclo HH. Population mobility and urban wastewater dynamics. Sci Total Environ 2018; 622-623:1431-1437. [PMID: 29890608 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic influent models, which have been proposed to test control strategies using virtual wastewater treatment plants, should be as realistic as possible. The number of inhabitants in the catchment at any given time and their ways of life are among the parameters affecting the quality of these models. Census data related to work and school commutes were used to evaluate the number of people present in a given urban area. Based on the example of a large urban catchment (Grand Nancy, France), the results show that a population increase of 30% could occur during working hours resulting from the imbalance between workers leaving and coming into the catchment. Combined with information related to the local way of life, variation in the population helps to explain changes in wastewater flow rate and pollution (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and heavy metals), which present several maxima reflecting daily activities, such as bladder voiding, meals, the use of washrooms, etc. However, no well-defined variation patterns for pH and conductivity, which are linked to the concentrations of anions and cations in the wastewater, were observed. Slight reductions (up to 10% on Sundays) in the flow and pollution load were observed on weekends as the commuter flow decreased. Census data proved to be efficient in helping to understand the daily pattern of urban wastewater characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrystelle N H Atinkpahoun
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France; Unité de Recherche en Ecotoxicologie et Etude de Qualité/Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée/Université d'Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Nang Dinh Le
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France; Danang University of Science and Technology, The University of Danang, 54 Nguyen Luong Bang, Đà Nẵng, Viet Nam
| | - Steve Pontvianne
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Hélène Poirot
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Leclerc
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France; INRS, 1 rue du Morvan, CS60027, 54519 Vandœuvre Cedex, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Pons
- Laboratoire Réactions et Génie des Procédés (UMR 7274 CNRS), Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France; LTSER-Zone Atelier Bassin de la Moselle, LRGP, Université de Lorraine, 1, rue Grandville, BP 20451, 54001 Nancy Cedex, France.
| | - Henri H Soclo
- Unité de Recherche en Ecotoxicologie et Etude de Qualité/Laboratoire d'Etude et de Recherche en Chimie Appliquée/Université d'Abomey-Calavi, 01 BP 2009, Cotonou, Benin
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Sakson G, Brzezinska A, Zawilski M. Emission of heavy metals from an urban catchment into receiving water and possibility of its limitation on the example of Lodz city. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:281. [PMID: 29656310 PMCID: PMC5899753 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals are among the priority pollutants which may have toxic effects on receiving water bodies. They are detected in most of samples of stormwater runoff, but the concentrations are very variable. This paper presents results of study on the amount of heavy metals discharged from urban catchment in Lodz (Poland) in 2011-2013. The research was carried out to identify the most important sources of their emission and to assess the threats to receiving water quality and opportunities of their limitation. The city is equipped with a combined sewerage in the center with 18 combined sewer overflows and with separate system in other parts. Stormwater and wastewater from both systems are discharged into 18 small urban rivers. There is a need of restoration of water bodies in the city. Research results indicate that the main issue is high emission of heavy metals, especially zinc and copper, contained in stormwater. Annual mass loads (g/ha/year) from separate system were 1629 for Zn and 305 for Cu. It was estimated that about 48% of the annual load of Zn, 38% of Cu, 61% of Pb, and 40% of Cd discharged into receiving water came from separate system, respectively 4% of Zn and Cu, 10% of Pb and 11% of Cd from CSOs, and the remaining part from wastewater treatment plant. Effective reduction of heavy metals loads discharged into receiving water requires knowledge of sources and emissions for each catchment. Obtained data may indicate the need to apply centralized solution or decentralized by source control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grazyna Sakson
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations, Lodz University of Technology, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Brzezinska
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations, Lodz University of Technology, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Zawilski
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Building Installations, Lodz University of Technology, Al. Politechniki 6, 90-924, Lodz, Poland
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Ouyang X, Guo F. Intuitionistic fuzzy analytical hierarchical processes for selecting the paradigms of mangroves in municipal wastewater treatment. Chemosphere 2018; 197:634-642. [PMID: 29407827 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Municipal wastewater discharge is widespread and one of the sources of coastal eutrophication, and is especially uncontrolled in developing and undeveloped coastal regions. Mangrove forests are natural filters of pollutants in wastewater. There are three paradigms of mangroves for municipal wastewater treatment and the selection of the optimal one is a multi-criteria decision-making problem. Combining intuitionistic fuzzy theory, the Fuzzy Delphi Method and the fuzzy analytical hierarchical process (AHP), this study develops an intuitionistic fuzzy AHP (IFAHP) method. For the Fuzzy Delphi Method, the judgments of experts and representatives on criterion weights are made by linguistic variables and quantified by intuitionistic fuzzy theory, which is also used to weight the importance of experts and representatives. This process generates the entropy weights of criteria, which are combined with indices values and weights to rank the alternatives by the fuzzy AHP method. The IFAHP method was used to select the optimal paradigm of mangroves for treating municipal wastewater. The entropy weights were entrained by the valid evaluation of 64 experts and representatives via online survey. Natural mangroves were found to be the optimal paradigm for municipal wastewater treatment. By assigning different weights to the criteria, sensitivity analysis shows that natural mangroves remain to be the optimal paradigm under most scenarios. This study stresses the importance of mangroves for wastewater treatment. Decision-makers need to contemplate mangrove reforestation projects, especially where mangroves are highly deforested but wastewater discharge is uncontrolled. The IFAHP method is expected to be applied in other multi-criteria decision-making cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoguang Ouyang
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, and Earth System Science Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR, China; Sichuan Zhonghuanlixin Environmental Protection Consulting Co., Ltd., Bazhong, Sichuan Province 636000, PR China.
| | - Fen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, 8 Dayangfang, Beiyuan, Anwai, Beijing 100012, PR China; WasserCluster Lunz Biologische Station GmbH, Dr. Carl Kupelwieser Promenade 5, A-3293 Lunz am See, Austria
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44
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Rott E, Steinmetz H, Metzger JW. Organophosphonates: A review on environmental relevance, biodegradability and removal in wastewater treatment plants. Sci Total Environ 2018; 615:1176-1191. [PMID: 29751423 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2017] [Revised: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The worldwide increasing consumption of the phosphonates 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid [PBTC], 1-hydroxyethane 1,1-diphosphonic acid [HEDP], nitrilotris(methylene phosphonic acid) [NTMP], ethylenediamine tetra(methylene phosphonic acid) [EDTMP] and diethylenetriamine penta(methylene phosphonic acid) [DTPMP] over the past decades put phosphonates into focus of environmental scientists and agencies, as they are increasingly discussed in the context of various environmental problems. The hitherto difficult analysis of phosphonates contributed to the fact that very little is known about their concentrations and behavior in the environment. This work critically reviews the existing literature up to the year 2016 on the potential environmental relevance of phosphonates, their biotic and abiotic degradability, and their removal in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Accordingly, despite their stability against biological degradation, phosphonates can be removed with relatively high efficiency (>80%) in WWTPs operated with chemical phosphate precipitation. In the literature, however, to our knowledge, there is no information as to whether an enhanced biological phosphorus removal alone is sufficient for such high removal rates and whether the achievable phosphonate concentrations in effluents are sufficiently low to prevent eutrophication. It is currently expected that phosphonates, although being complexing agents, do not remobilize heavy metals from sediments in a significant amount since the phosphonate concentrations required for this (>50μg/L) are considerably higher than the concentrations determined in surface waters. Various publications also point out that phosphonates are harmless to a variety of aquatic organisms. Moreover, degradation products thereof such as N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine and aminomethylphosphonic acid are regarded as being particularly critical. Despite their high stability against biological degradation, phosphonates contribute to eutrophication due to abiotic degradation (mainly photolysis). Furthermore, the literature reports on the fact that phosphonates in high concentrations interfere with phosphate precipitation in WWTPs. Thus, it is recommended to remove phosphonates, in particular from industrial wastewaters, before discharging them into water bodies or WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Rott
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Heidrun Steinmetz
- Chair of Resource Efficient Wastewater Technology, University of Kaiserslautern, Paul-Ehrlich-Str. 14, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Jörg W Metzger
- Institute for Sanitary Engineering, Water Quality and Solid Waste Management, University of Stuttgart, Bandtäle 2, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
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Turunen V, Sorvari J, Mikola A. A decision support tool for selecting the optimal sewage sludge treatment. Chemosphere 2018; 193:521-529. [PMID: 29169127 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.11.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sewage sludge contains significant amounts of resources, such as nutrients and organic matter. At the same time, the organic contaminants (OC) found in sewage sludge are of growing concern. Consequently, in many European countries incineration is currently favored over recycling in agriculture. This study presents a Multi-Attribute Value Theory (MAVT)-based decision support tool (DST) for facilitating sludge treatment decisions. Essential decision criteria were recognized and prioritized, i.e., weighted, by experts from water utilities. Since the fate of organic contaminants was in focus, a simple scoring method was developed to take into account their environmental risks. The final DST assigns each sludge treatment method a preference score expressing its superiority compared to alternative methods. The DST was validated by testing it with data from two Finnish municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). The validation results of the first case study preferred sludge pyrolysis (preference score: 0.629) to other alternatives: composting and incineration (score 0.580, and 0.484 respectively). The preference scores were influenced by WWTP dependent factors, i.e., the operating environment and the weighting of the criteria. A lack of data emerged as the main practical limitation. Therefore, not all of the relevant criteria could be included in the value tree. More data are needed on the effects of treatment methods on the availability of nutrients, the quality of organic matter and sludge-borne OCs. Despite these shortcomings, the DST proved useful and adaptable in decision-making. It can also help achieve a more transparent, understandable and comprehensive decision-making process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ville Turunen
- Aalto University, School of Engineering, P.O. Box 15200, 00076 Aalto, Finland.
| | - Jaana Sorvari
- Aalto University, School of Engineering, P.O. Box 15200, 00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Anna Mikola
- Aalto University, School of Engineering, P.O. Box 15200, 00076 Aalto, Finland
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Turolla A, Cattaneo M, Marazzi F, Mezzanotte V, Antonelli M. Antibiotic resistant bacteria in urban sewage: Role of full-scale wastewater treatment plants on environmental spreading. Chemosphere 2018; 191:761-769. [PMID: 29080537 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The presence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) in wastewater was investigated and the role of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in promoting or limiting antibiotic resistance was assessed. Escherichia coli (E. coli) and total heterotrophic bacteria (THB) resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol and tetracycline was monitored in three WWTPs located in Milan urban area (Italy), differing among them for the operating parameters of biological process, for the disinfection processes (based on sodium hypochlorite, UV radiation, peracetic acid) and for the discharge limits to be met. Wastewater was collected from three sampling points along the treatment sequence (WWTP influent, effluent from sand filtration, WWTP effluent). Antibiotic resistance to ampicillin was observed both for E. coli and for THB. Ampicillin resistant bacteria in the WWTP influents were 20-47% of E. coli and 16-25% of THB counts. A limited resistance to chloramphenicol was observed only for E. coli, while neither for E. coli nor for THB tetracycline resistance was observed. The biological treatment and sand filtration led to a decrease in the maximum percentage of ampicillin-resistant bacteria (20-29% for E. coli, 11-21% for THB). However, the conventionally adopted parameters did not seem adequate to support an interpretation of WWTP role in ARB spread. Peracetic acid was effective in selectively acting on antibiotic resistant THB, unlike UV radiation and sodium hypochlorite. The low counts of E. coli in WWTP final effluents in case of agricultural reuse did not allow to compare the effect of the different disinfection processes on antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Turolla
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - M Cattaneo
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - F Marazzi
- Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, DISAT, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - V Mezzanotte
- Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca, DISAT, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - M Antonelli
- Politecnico di Milano, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering - Environmental Section, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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Yadav BR, Garg A. Hetero-catalytic hydrothermal oxidation of simulated pulping effluent: Effect of operating parameters and catalyst stability. Chemosphere 2018; 191:128-135. [PMID: 29032257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, activated carbon (AC) supported bi-metallic catalyst (3.3Cu/2.2Ce/4.4AC) was subjected to catalytic wet oxidation (CWO) of simulated pulping effluent at moderate operating conditions (temperatures = 120-190 °C and oxygen partial pressures = 0.5-1.2 MPa). The oxidation reaction was performed in a high pressure reactor (capacity = 0.7 l) with catalyst concentration of 1-5 g/l for 3 h duration. During CWO at 190 °C temperature and 0.9 MPa oxygen pressure, the chemical oxygen demand (COD), total organic carbon (TOC), lignin and color removals from the wastewater were 79%, 77%, 88% and 89%, respectively, while the wastewater biodegradability was enhanced to 0.52 from an initial value of 0.16. TOC mass balance suggested that nearly 86-97% of the degraded TOC was mineralized whereas copper and cerium leaching from the catalyst were in the range of 1-15% and 0.7-1% with respect to their initial amounts. Metal leaching was reduced with increase in the reaction temperature. Global kinetic rate model was also developed using TOC degradation data and the activation energies of two step (rapid followed by slower TOC removal) CWO reaction were determined as 34.2 kJ/mol and 28.5 kJ/mol, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bholu Ram Yadav
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Anurag Garg
- Centre for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, 400076, India.
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Sgroi M, Vagliasindi FGA, Snyder SA, Roccaro P. N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) and its precursors in water and wastewater: A review on formation and removal. Chemosphere 2018; 191:685-703. [PMID: 29078192 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.10.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes major findings over the last decade related to N-Nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) in water and wastewater. In particular, the review is focused on the removal of NDMA and of its precursors by conventional and advanced water and wastewater treatment processes. New information regarding formation mechanisms and precursors are discussed as well. NDMA precursors are generally of anthropogenic origin and their main source in water have been recognized to be wastewater discharges. Chloramination is the most common process that results in formation of NDMA during water and wastewater treatment. However, ozonation of wastewater or highly contaminated surface water can also generate significant levels of NDMA. Thus, NDMA formation control and remediation has become of increasing interest, particularly during treatment of wastewater-impacted water and during potable reuse application. NDMA formation has also been associated with the use of quaternary amine-based coagulants and anion exchange resins. UV photolysis with UV fluence far higher than typical disinfection doses is generally considered the most efficient technology for NDMA mitigation. However, recent studies on the optimization of biological processes offer a potentially lower-energy solution. Options for NDMA control include attenuation of precursor materials through physical removal, biological treatment, and/or deactivation by application of oxidants. Nevertheless, NDMA precursor identification and removal can be challenging and additional research and optimization is needed. As municipal wastewater becomes increasingly used as a source water for drinking, NDMA formation and mitigation strategies will become increasingly more important. The following review provides a summary of the most recent information available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Sgroi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Federico G A Vagliasindi
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Department of Chemical & Environmental Engineering, University of Arizona, 1133 E. James E. Rogers Way, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA; National University of Singapore, NUS Environmental Research Institute (NERI), 5A Engineering Drive 1; T-Lab Building, #02-01, 117411, Singapore
| | - Paolo Roccaro
- Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125, Catania, Italy
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Arlos MJ, Parker WJ, Bicudo JR, Law P, Marjan P, Andrews SA, Servos MR. Multi-year prediction of estrogenicity in municipal wastewater effluents. Sci Total Environ 2018; 610-611:1103-1112. [PMID: 28847104 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/16/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the estrogenicity of two major wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents located in the central reaches of the Grand River watershed in southern Ontario was estimated using population demographics, excretion rates, and treatment plant-specific removals. Due to the lack of data on estrogen concentrations from direct measurements at WWTPs, the treatment efficiencies through the plants were estimated using the information obtained from an effects-directed analysis. The results show that this approach could effectively estimate the estrogenicity of WWTP effluents, both before and after major infrastructure upgrades were made at the Kitchener WWTP. The model was then applied to several possible future scenarios including population growth and river low flow conditions. The scenario analyses showed that post-upgrade operation of the Kitchener WWTP will not release highly estrogenic effluent under the 2041 projected population increase (36%) or summer low flows. Similarly, the Waterloo WWTP treatment operation is also expected to improve once the upgrades have been fully implemented and is expected to effectively treat estrogens even under extreme scenarios of population growth and river flows. The developed model may be employed to support decision making on wastewater management strategies designed for environmental protection, especially on reducing the endocrine effects in fish exposed to WWTP effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maricor J Arlos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, ON, Canada.
| | - Wayne J Parker
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - José R Bicudo
- Regional Municipality of Waterloo, ON N2G 4J3, Canada
| | - Pam Law
- Regional Municipality of Waterloo, ON N2G 4J3, Canada
| | - Patricija Marjan
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, ON, Canada
| | - Susan A Andrews
- Civil Engineering Department, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A4, ON, Canada
| | - Mark R Servos
- Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo N2L 3G1, ON, Canada
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Pereira AMPT, Silva LJG, Laranjeiro CSM, Meisel LM, Lino CM, Pena A. Human pharmaceuticals in Portuguese rivers: The impact of water scarcity in the environmental risk. Sci Total Environ 2017; 609:1182-1191. [PMID: 28787792 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.07.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals occurrence and environmental risk assessment were assessed in Portuguese surface waters, evaluating the impact of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and river flow rates. Twenty three pharmaceuticals from 6 therapeutic groups, including metabolites and 1 transformation product, were analysed in 72 samples collected from 20 different sites, upstream and downstream the selected WWTPs, in two different seasons. Analysis was performed by solid phase extraction followed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectroscopy. Pharmaceuticals were detected in 27.8% of the samples. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), anti-inflammatories and antibiotics presented the highest detection frequencies (27.8, 23.6 and 23.6%, respectively) and average concentrations (37.9, 36.1 and 33.5ngL-1, respectively). When assessing the impact of WWTPs, an increase of 21.4% in the average concentrations was observed in the samples located downstream these facilities, when compared with the upstream samples. Increased detection frequencies and concentrations were observed at lower flow rates, both when comparing summer and winter campaigns and by evaluating the different rivers. Risk quotients (RQs) higher than one were found for two pharmaceuticals, concerning two trophic levels. However, since Iberian rivers are highly influenced by water scarcity, in drought periods, the flow rates in these rivers can decrease at least ten times from the lowest value observed in the sampling campaigns. In these conditions, RQs higher than 1 would be observed for 5 pharmaceuticals, additionally, all the detected pharmaceuticals (11) would present RQs higher than 0.1. These results emphasize that the river flow rate represents an important parameter influencing pharmaceuticals concentrations, highlighting the ecotoxicological pressure, especially due to water scarcity in drought periods. This should be a priority issue in the environmental policies for minimizing its impact in the aquatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- André M P T Pereira
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Bromatology, Pharmacognosy and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo III, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Liliana J G Silva
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Bromatology, Pharmacognosy and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo III, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Célia S M Laranjeiro
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Bromatology, Pharmacognosy and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo III, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Leonor M Meisel
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
| | - Celeste M Lino
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Bromatology, Pharmacognosy and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo III, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Angelina Pena
- LAQV, REQUIMTE, Group of Bromatology, Pharmacognosy and Analytical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Polo III, Azinhaga de Stª Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal.
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