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Zaidi AM, Beg MT, Kanaujia BK, Rawat K, Kumar S, Rambabu K, Singh SP, Lay-Ekuakille A. A Dual-Band Rat-Race Coupler for High Band Ratio Wireless Applications. IEEE Trans Instrum Meas 2021; 70:1-6. [DOI: 10.1109/tim.2021.3119131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
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52
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Chauhan JV, Mathukiya RP, Singh SP, Gohel SD. Two steps purification, biochemical characterization, thermodynamics and structure elucidation of thermostable alkaline serine protease from Nocardiopsis alba strain OM-5. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:39-50. [PMID: 33316342 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Nocardiopsis alba strain OM-5 showed maximum protease production in submerged culture. The OM-5 protease was purified by hydrophobic interaction chromatography. The purified protease of 68 kDa showed maximum activity (3312 ± 1.64 U/mL) at 70 °C and was quite stable at 80 °C up to 4 M NaCl (w/v) at pH 9. The purified protease showed significant activity and stability in different cations, denaturing agents, metal ions, and osmolytes. The thermodynamic parameters including deactivation rate constant (Kd) and half lives (t1/2) at 50-80 °C were in the range of 2.50 × 10-3 to 5.50 × 10-3 and 277.25-111.25 min respectively at 0-4 M NaCl. The structural stability of the OM-5 protease under various harsh conditions was elucidated by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy followed by K2D3 analysis revealed that the native structure of OM-5 protease was stable even in sodium dodecyl sulfate and Tween 20 indicated by increased α-helices content assisted with decreased β-sheets content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagruti V Chauhan
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Riddhi P Mathukiya
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India
| | - Sangeeta D Gohel
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360005, Gujarat, India.
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53
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Sharma A, Dwari S, Kanaujia BK, Gangwar D, Kumar S, Singh SP, Lay-Ekuakille A. In-Band RCS Reduction and Isolation Enhancement of a 24 GHz Radar Antenna Using Metamaterial Absorber for Sensing and Automotive Radar Applications. IEEE Sensors J 2020; 20:13086-13093. [DOI: 10.1109/jsen.2020.3002337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
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54
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Qadir A, Aqil M, Ahmad U, Khan N, Warsi MH, Akhtar J, Arif M, Ali A, Singh SP. Date seed extract-loaded oil-in-water nanoemulsion: Development, characterization, and antioxidant activity as a delivery model for rheumatoid arthritis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2020; 12:308-316. [PMID: 33100791 PMCID: PMC7574741 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_268_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an inflammatory disorder, affecting around 1% of the world population. Antioxidant activity plays important role to overcome the inflammation associated with arthritis. Phoenix dactylifera (date) seeds, generally considered as a waste product or utilized as food for domestic farm animals, have been used as a source of antioxidants at different disease conditions. The aim of the present study was to enhance the release of date seed extract in order to achieve high antioxidant activity. Nanoemulsion of methanolic extract of date seed was prepared by aqueous titration method. The selected formulations were exposed to thermodynamic stability and dispersibility tests. The optimized nanoemulsions were evaluated on the basis of droplet size (23.14 ± 0.055nm), polydispersity index (0.166 ± 0.124), percent transmittance (99.12 ± 0.0163), refractive index (1.36 ± 0.046), viscosity (cP) (12.30 ± 0.75), conductivity (µS/cm) (347.46 ± 1.10), and drug content (%) (99.67 ± 0.11). The in vitro release studies revealed that final optimized formulation has cumulative release of drug (57.51% ± 2.65%), which was more significantly greater as compared to drug suspension (26.44% ± 1.15%). Further in vitro antioxidant activity studies revealed that the developed methanolic extract of date seed-loaded nanoemulsion has more antioxidant potential when compared with methanolic extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Qadir
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.,Present address: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Mohd Aqil
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Usama Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nausheen Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education & Research Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Musarrat H Warsi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Juber Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Muhammad Arif
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abuzer Ali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif-Al-Haweiah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satya P Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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55
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Singh SP, Wang L, Gupta S, Goli H, Padmanabhan P, Gulyás B. 3D Deep Learning on Medical Images: A Review. Sensors (Basel) 2020; 20:E5097. [PMID: 32906819 PMCID: PMC7570704 DOI: 10.3390/s20185097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The rapid advancements in machine learning, graphics processing technologies and the availability of medical imaging data have led to a rapid increase in the use of deep learning models in the medical domain. This was exacerbated by the rapid advancements in convolutional neural network (CNN) based architectures, which were adopted by the medical imaging community to assist clinicians in disease diagnosis. Since the grand success of AlexNet in 2012, CNNs have been increasingly used in medical image analysis to improve the efficiency of human clinicians. In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) CNNs have been employed for the analysis of medical images. In this paper, we trace the history of how the 3D CNN was developed from its machine learning roots, we provide a brief mathematical description of 3D CNN and provide the preprocessing steps required for medical images before feeding them to 3D CNNs. We review the significant research in the field of 3D medical imaging analysis using 3D CNNs (and its variants) in different medical areas such as classification, segmentation, detection and localization. We conclude by discussing the challenges associated with the use of 3D CNNs in the medical imaging domain (and the use of deep learning models in general) and possible future trends in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satya P. Singh
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 608232, Singapore; (S.P.S.); (B.G.)
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Lipo Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore;
| | - Sukrit Gupta
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (S.G.); (H.G.)
| | - Haveesh Goli
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore; (S.G.); (H.G.)
| | - Parasuraman Padmanabhan
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 608232, Singapore; (S.P.S.); (B.G.)
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Balázs Gulyás
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 608232, Singapore; (S.P.S.); (B.G.)
- Cognitive Neuroimaging Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
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56
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Raiyani NM, Singh SP. Taxonomic and functional profiling of the microbial communities of Arabian Sea: A metagenomics approach. Genomics 2020; 112:4361-4369. [PMID: 32712295 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nirali M Raiyani
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
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57
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Pan CT, Wang SY, Yen CK, Kumar A, Kuo SW, Zheng JL, Wen ZH, Singh R, Singh SP, Khan MT, Chaudhary RK, Dai X, Chandra Kaushik A, Wei DQ, Shiue YL, Chang WH. Polyvinylidene Fluoride-Added Ceramic Powder Composite Near-Field Electrospinned Piezoelectric Fiber-Based Low-Frequency Dynamic Sensors. ACS Omega 2020; 5:17090-17101. [PMID: 32715194 PMCID: PMC7376691 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, near-field electrospinning (NFES) is used to fabricate Ba x Sr1-x TiO3 (BST)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) piezoelectric fiber composites with excellent mechanical properties and chemical properties. BST ceramic powder is blended with PVDF solution uniformly to prepare a solution of appropriate conductance. The parameter for BST/PVDF fiber processing is based on PVDF fibers. Scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, microtensile testing, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and electricity test of the blends of BST/PVDF fibers are incorporated. Mechanical properties of the fibers are then measured by microtensile testing. Effects of distinct ratios of Ba/Sr and the content of Ba0.7Sr0.3TiO3 ceramic powder on BST/PVDF piezoelectric fibers are discussed. Finally, BST/PVDF piezoelectric fiber composites are patterned on a poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET)-based structure with an interdigital electrode as a BST/PVDF flexible energy harvester to capture ambient energy. The results show that the BST ceramic powder is ∼58-93 nm, and the diameters of piezoelectric fiber composites are ∼6.8-13.7 μm. The tensile strength of piezoelectric fiber composites is ∼74.92 MPa, and the Young's coefficient tensile strength is ∼3.74 GPa. Mechanical properties are 2-3 times higher than those of pure PVDF piezoelectric fibers. The maximum open-circuit voltage and closed-loop current of BST/PVDF fibers reached ∼1025 mV and ∼391 nA, respectively. The electromechanical energy conversion efficiency of the BST/PVDF energy harvester is found to be 1-2 times higher than that of the PVDF energy harvester. It is confirmed and validated that the addition of BST ceramic powder could effectively increase the piezoelectric constant of PVDF piezoelectric fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tang Pan
- Department
of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shao-Yu Wang
- Department
of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Kun Yen
- Department
of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department
of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Institute
of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen
University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department
of Material and Optoelectronic Science, Center of Crystal Research, National Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Zheng
- Department
of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces
General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department
of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National
Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Rachita Singh
- Department
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IIMT Engineering College, Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Lucknow 226021, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Satya P. Singh
- School
of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanyang
Technological University, 639798, Singapore
| | | | - Ravi Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of
Life Sciences, Institute of Applied Medicines
& Research, Ghaziabad 201206, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi
School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
| | - Aman Chandra Kaushik
- Wuxi
School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, 214122 Wuxi, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences
and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- State
Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism and School of Life Sciences
and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsi Chang
- Institute
of Medical Science and Technology, National
Sun Yat-sen University, 804 Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department
of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces
General Hospital, Kaohsiung 80284, Taiwan
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58
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Bhatt HB, Singh SP. Cloning, Expression, and Structural Elucidation of a Biotechnologically Potential Alkaline Serine Protease From a Newly Isolated Haloalkaliphilic Bacillus lehensis JO-26. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:941. [PMID: 32582046 PMCID: PMC7283590 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An alkaline protease gene of Bacillus lehensis JO-26 from saline desert, Little Rann of Kutch, was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). A 1,014-bp ORF encoded 337 amino acids. The recombinant protease (APrBL) with Asp 97, His 127, and Ser 280 forming catalytic triad belongs to the subtilase S8 protease family. The gene was optimally expressed in soluble fraction with 0.2 mM isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), 2% (w/v) NaCl at 28°C. APrBL, a monomer with a molecular mass of 34.6 kDa was active over pH 8–11 and 30°C−70°C, optimally at pH 10 and 50°C. The enzyme was highly thermostable and retained 73% of the residual activity at 80°C up to 3 h. It was significantly stimulated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), Ca2+, chloroform, toluene, n-butanol, and benzene while completely inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) and Hg2+. The serine nature of the protease was confirmed by its strong inhibition by PMSF. The APrBL gene was phylogenetically close to alkaline elastase YaB (P20724) and was distinct from the well-known commercial proteases subtilisin Carlsberg (CAB56500) and subtilisin BPN′ (P00782). The structural elucidation revealed 31.75% α-helices, 22.55% β-strands, and 45.70% coils. Although high glycine and fewer proline residues are a characteristic feature of the cold-adapted enzymes, the similar observation in thermally active APrBL suggests that this feature cannot be solely responsible for thermo/cold adaptation. The APrBL protease was highly effective as a detergent additive and in whey protein hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarth B Bhatt
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, India
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59
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Kumar A, Chaudhary RK, Singh R, Singh SP, Wang SY, Hoe ZY, Pan CT, Shiue YL, Wei DQ, Kaushik AC, Dai X. Nanotheranostic Applications for Detection and Targeting Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:305. [PMID: 32425743 PMCID: PMC7203731 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.00305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanotechnology utilizes engineered materials and devices which function with biological systems at the molecular level and could transform the management of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) by provoking, reacting to, and intermingling with target sites to stimulate physiological responses while minimizing side effects. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from harmful agents, and transporting drugs across the BBB is a major challenge for diagnosis, targeting, and treatment of NDs. The BBB provides severe limitations for diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and various other neurological diseases. Conventional drug delivery systems generally fail to cross the BBB, thus are inefficient in treatment. Although gradual development through research is ensuring the progress of nanotheranostic approaches from animal to human modeling, aspects of translational applicability and safety are a key concern. This demands a deep understanding of the interaction of body systems with nanomaterials. There are various plant-based nanobioactive compounds which are reported to have applicability in the diagnosis and treatment of these NDs. This review article provides an overview of applications of nanotheranostics in AD and PD. The review also discusses nano-enabled drug delivery systems and their current and potential applications for the treatment of various NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay Kumar
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ravi Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Medicines & Research, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Rachita Singh
- Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, IIMT Engineering College, Uttar Pradesh Technical University, Meerut, India
| | - Satya P. Singh
- School of Computer Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shao-Yu Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zheng-Yu Hoe
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aman Chandra Kaushik
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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60
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Pan CT, Chang WH, Kumar A, Singh SP, Kaushik AC, Sharma J, Long ZJ, Wen ZH, Mishra SK, Yen CK, Chaudhary RK, Shiue YL. Nanoparticles-mediated Brain Imaging and Disease Prognosis by Conventional as well as Modern Modal Imaging Techniques: a Comparison. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2637-2649. [PMID: 31603057 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190709220139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multimodal imaging plays an important role in the diagnosis of brain disorders. Neurological disorders need to be diagnosed at an early stage for their effective treatment as later, it is very difficult to treat them. If possible, diagnosing at an early stage can be much helpful in curing the disease with less harm to the body. There is a need for advanced and multimodal imaging techniques for the same. This paper provides an overview of conventional as well as modern imaging techniques for brain diseases, specifically for tumor imaging. In this paper, different imaging modalities are discussed for tumor detection in the brain along with their advantages and disadvantages. Conjugation of two and more than two modalities provides more accurate information rather than a single modality. They can monitor and differentiate the cellular processes of normal and diseased condition with more clarity. The advent of molecular imaging, including reporter gene imaging, has opened the door of more advanced noninvasive detection of brain tumors. Due to specific optical properties, semiconducting polymer-based nanoparticles also play a pivotal role in imaging tumors. OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper is to review nanoparticles-mediated brain imaging and disease prognosis by conventional as well as modern modal imaging techniques. CONCLUSION We reviewed in detail various medical imaging techniques. This paper covers recent developments in detail and elaborates a possible research aspect for the readers in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Tang Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan.,Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsi Chang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan.,Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Satya P Singh
- School of EEE, Nanyang Technological University, Nanyang Ave, Singapore
| | - Aman Chandra Kaushik
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, ShanghaiJia Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jyotsna Sharma
- Amity School of Applied Sciences, Amity University Haryana, Gurugram-122413, Manesai, Panchgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Zheng-Jing Long
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Zhi-Hong Wen
- Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sunil Kumar Mishra
- Patronage Institute of Management Studies, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Chung-Kun Yen
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
| | - Ravi Kumar Chaudhary
- School of Biotechnology, Gautam Buddha University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pardesh, India, India
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung City 804, Taiwan
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61
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Santosh P, Adams L, Fiori F, Davidović N, de Girolamo G, Dieleman GC, Franić T, Heaney N, Lievesley K, Madan J, Maras A, Mastroianni M, McNicholas F, Paul M, Purper-Ouakil D, Sagar-Ouriaghli I, Schulze U, Signorini G, Street C, Tah P, Tremmery S, Tuomainen H, Verhulst FC, Warwick J, Wolke D, Singh J, Singh SP. Protocol for the development and validation procedure of the managing the link and strengthening transition from child to adult mental health care (MILESTONE) suite of measures. BMC Pediatr 2020; 20:167. [PMID: 32299401 PMCID: PMC7161143 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-020-02079-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health disorders in the child and adolescent population are a pressing public health concern. Despite the high prevalence of psychopathology in this vulnerable population, the transition from Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services (CAMHS) to Adult Mental Health Services (AMHS) has many obstacles such as deficiencies in planning, organisational readiness and policy gaps. All these factors contribute to an inadequate and suboptimal transition process. A suite of measures is required that would allow young people to be assessed in a structured and standardised way to determine the on-going need for care and to improve communication across clinicians at CAMHS and AMHS. This will have the potential to reduce the overall health economic burden and could also improve the quality of life for patients travelling across the transition boundary. The MILESTONE (Managing the Link and Strengthening Transition from Child to Adult Mental Health Care) project aims to address the significant socioeconomic and societal challenge related to the transition process. This protocol paper describes the development of two MILESTONE transition-related measures: The Transition Readiness and Appropriateness Measure (TRAM), designed to be a decision-making aide for clinicians, and the Transition Related Outcome Measure (TROM), for examining the outcome of transition. Methods The TRAM and TROM have been developed and were validated following the US FDA Guidance for Patient-reported Outcome Measures which follows an incremental stepwise framework. The study gathers information from service users, parents, families and mental health care professionals who have experience working with young people undergoing the transition process from eight European countries. Discussion There is an urgent need for comprehensive measures that can assess transition across the CAMHS/AMHS boundary. This study protocol describes the process of development of two new transition measures: the TRAM and TROM. The TRAM has the potential to nurture better transitions as the findings can be summarised and provided to clinicians as a clinician-decision making support tool for identifying cases who need to transition and the TROM can be used to examine the outcomes of the transition process. Trial registration MILESTONE study registration: ISRCTN83240263 Registered 23-July-2015 - ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03013595 Registered 6 January 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Santosh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK. .,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. .,HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK.
| | - L Adams
- School of Psychology, Plymouth University, Plymouth, UK
| | - F Fiori
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.,HealthTracker Ltd, Gillingham, Kent, UK
| | - N Davidović
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
| | - G de Girolamo
- Unità di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - G C Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - T Franić
- Department of Psychiatry, Clinical Hospital Center Split, Split, Croatia
| | - N Heaney
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - K Lievesley
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - J Madan
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - A Maras
- Yulius Academy, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - M Mastroianni
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - F McNicholas
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University College Dublin School of Medicine and Medical Science, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Geary Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Department of Child Psychiatry, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Dublin, Republic of Ireland.,Lucena Clinic, SJOG, Dublin, Republic of Ireland
| | - M Paul
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
| | - D Purper-Ouakil
- CHU Montpellier / University of Montpellier; Saint Eloi Hospital, Médecine Psychlogique de l'enfant et de adolescent (MPEA1), Montpellier, France
| | - I Sagar-Ouriaghli
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
| | - U Schulze
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychotherapy, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - G Signorini
- Unità di Psichiatria Epidemiologica e Valutativa, IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio Fatebenefratelli, Brescia, Italy
| | - C Street
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - P Tah
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - S Tremmery
- Department of Neurosciences, Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - H Tuomainen
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - F C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Warwick
- Warwick Clinical Trials Unit, Warwick Medical School, Warwick Medical School, Coventry, UK
| | - D Wolke
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Department of Psychology, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK
| | - J Singh
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK.,Centre for Interventional Paediatric Psychopharmacology and Rare Diseases, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - S P Singh
- Centre for Mental Health and Wellbeing Research, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.,Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Sharma AK, Kikani BA, Singh SP. Biochemical, thermodynamic and structural characteristics of a biotechnologically compatible alkaline protease from a haloalkaliphilic, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei OK-18. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 153:680-696. [PMID: 32145232 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This report describes purification strategies, biochemical properties and thermodynamic analysis of an alkaline serine protease from a marine actinomycete, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei strain OK-18. The solvent tolerance, broad thermal-pH stability, favourable kinetics and thermodynamics suggest stability of the enzymatic reaction. The enzyme was active in the range of pH 7-12 and 37-90 °C, optimally at pH 9 and 70 °C. The deactivation rate constant (Kd), half-life (t½), enthalpy (ΔH*), entropy (ΔS*), activation energy (E) and change in free energy (ΔG*) suggested stability and spontaneity of the reaction. β-Sheets as revealed by the Circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, were the major elements in the secondary structure of the enzyme, while Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) indicated the presence of amide I and amide II. Based on the liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-QToF-MS) analysis, the amino acid sequence had only 38% similarity with other proteases of Nocardiopsis strains, suggesting its novelty. The Ramachandran Plot revealed the location of the amino acid residues in the most favored region. The blood de-staining, gelatin hydrolysis, silver recovery and deproteinization of crab shells established the biotechnological potential of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit K Sharma
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhavtosh A Kikani
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
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Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes cause severe damage to the various agricultural crops, leading to economic losses for farmers. Therefore, identification and development of novel and environmentally benign nematicides is critically important. In this study, a silver nanoparticle (AgNP) formulation was synthesized, characterized, and investigated as a potential nematicide against rice root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne gramnicola, on rice (Oryza sativa). A series of lab assays (water and sand screening) and glasshouse experiments (using soilless system, autoclaved soil, and naturally infested soil) were conducted to examine the nematicidal effects of AgNP. The results from lab assays revealed 0.1 μg/ml as the minimum concentration for 100% irreversible nematode mortality after 12 hr in the water screening test. However, results from the sand screening test indicated 100% nematicidal effect of AgNP at 2 μg/ml after 24 hr of incubation. In glasshouse assays in soilless system of rice cultivation, 1 μg/ml concentration of AgNP applied directly to the trays achieved significant suppression of root gall formation. The effective dosage to kill nematodes in field soil assays was determined to be 3 μg/ml, which is lower than the value of 150 μg/ml reported in the literature. No visible adverse effect of AgNP was observed on seed germination or plant growth in all the experiments. The results indicate that AgNP has effective nematicidal activity against M. graminicola in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Baronia
- Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Puneet Kumar
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Nematodes in Agriculture, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - S P Singh
- Indian Reference Materials Division, CSIR - National Physical Laboratory, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - R K Walia
- All India Coordinated Research Project on Nematodes in Agriculture, ICAR - Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India
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De Simone G, Mazza EMC, Cassotta A, Davydov AN, Kuka M, Zanon V, De Paoli F, Scamardella E, Metsger M, Roberto A, Pilipow K, Colombo FS, Tenedini E, Tagliafico E, Gattinoni L, Mavilio D, Peano C, Price DA, Singh SP, Farber JM, Serra V, Cucca F, Ferrari F, Orrù V, Fiorillo E, Iannacone M, Chudakov DM, Sallusto F, Lugli E. CXCR3 Identifies Human Naive CD8 + T Cells with Enhanced Effector Differentiation Potential. J Immunol 2019; 203:3179-3189. [PMID: 31740485 PMCID: PMC6900484 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1901072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
In mice, the ability of naive T (TN) cells to mount an effector response correlates with TCR sensitivity for self-derived Ags, which can be quantified indirectly by measuring surface expression levels of CD5. Equivalent findings have not been reported previously in humans. We identified two discrete subsets of human CD8+ TN cells, defined by the absence or presence of the chemokine receptor CXCR3. The more abundant CXCR3+ TN cell subset displayed an effector-like transcriptional profile and expressed TCRs with physicochemical characteristics indicative of enhanced interactions with peptide-HLA class I Ags. Moreover, CXCR3+ TN cells frequently produced IL-2 and TNF in response to nonspecific activation directly ex vivo and differentiated readily into Ag-specific effector cells in vitro. Comparative analyses further revealed that human CXCR3+ TN cells were transcriptionally equivalent to murine CXCR3+ TN cells, which expressed high levels of CD5. These findings provide support for the notion that effector differentiation is shaped by heterogeneity in the preimmune repertoire of human CD8+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele De Simone
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Emilia M C Mazza
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Antonino Cassotta
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexey N Davydov
- Central European Institute of Technology, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Mirela Kuka
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases and Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Veronica Zanon
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica De Paoli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Eloise Scamardella
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Metsger
- Central European Institute of Technology, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandra Roberto
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Karolina Pilipow
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico S Colombo
- Humanitas Flow Cytometry Core, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Tenedini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Enrico Tagliafico
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Luca Gattinoni
- Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892
- Regensburg Center for Interventional Immunology, University Regensburg and University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Domenico Mavilio
- Unit of Clinical and Experimental Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnologies and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Clelia Peano
- Division of Genetic and Biomedical Research, UoS Milan, National Research Council, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
- Genomic Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - David A Price
- Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
- Systems Immunity Research Institute, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Satya P Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | - Joshua M Farber
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892
| | | | | | | | - Valeria Orrù
- IRGB, National Research Council, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Iannacone
- Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases and Experimental Imaging Center, IRCCS, San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, 20132 Milan, Italy
| | - Dmitriy M Chudakov
- Central European Institute of Technology, 621 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, 117997 Moscow, Russia; and
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Federica Sallusto
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland
- Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Lugli
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy;
- Humanitas Flow Cytometry Core, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, 20089 Rozzano, Milan, Italy
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65
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Singh J, Singh SP. Geopolymerization of solid waste of non-ferrous metallurgy - A review. J Environ Manage 2019; 251:109571. [PMID: 31546140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The growing demand for non-ferrous metals (Aluminium, Copper, Nickle, Lead and Zinc) has grown the non-ferrous metallurgical industry, which generate huge amount of solid waste. Most common method for the disposal of these solid wastes is dumping at sites, which pollutes the soil and water and covers the useful land. Geopolymerization technique can be very helpful for the safe disposal of these solid wastes, which converts the solid wastes into valuable construction materials such as binders, mortar, bricks, paving blocks and concrete etc. However, to commercialize the use of these construction products, some key aspects require detailed examination. Alternative techniques and materials will have to be identified to increase their reactivity in geopolymerization and in-depth knowledge of reaction mechanism, mix design, strength and durability characteristics of resulting geopolymer will have to be studied. The present paper reviews the important studies on geopolymerization of different solid wastes produced from non-ferrous industry. The optimum synthesis parameters such as alkali activators, curing temperature, curing time and molar ratio etc. for the geopolymerization of these solid wastes are reported and exiting gaps and future trends are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagmeet Singh
- Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India.
| | - S P Singh
- Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar, India.
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66
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Singh K, Singh SP, Kaur G, Bose K. Association of body mass index and upper arm body composition with depressive symptoms in old age home and family based elderly. Homo 2019; 70:155-162. [PMID: 31486826 DOI: 10.1127/homo/2019/1054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The following study was designed to find out the association of the mid-upper arm body composition and body mass index (BMI) with depressive symptoms among the old age home based (group 1) and family based elderly (group 2) subjects. In group 1 elderly males, 51.5% were showing mild depressive symptoms and 17% were showing moderate to severe depressive symptoms. On the other hand, among group 2 elderly males, prevalence of mild depressive symptoms was in 27% and moderate to severe depressive symptoms was in 4.5% of the subjects. Among elderly with and without depressive symptoms, BMI, waist-hip ratio (WHR), arm muscle circumference (AMC), arm muscle area (AMA), arm fat area (AFA), fat mass (FM), muscle mass and bone mass were significantly (p < 0.01) lesser among group 1 as compared to group 2. Among group 1, the AFA (R2 change = 0.178), AMC (R2 change = 0.035), AMA (R2 change = 0.032), FM (R2 change = 0.022) and muscle mass (R2 change = 0.019) have highest contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms. On the other hand, BMI (R2 change = 0.04) and WHR (R2 change = 0.03) had the highest, though small, contribution to the variance of depressive symptoms among group 2. The upper arm body composition indices were better indicator of depressive symptoms in group 1, and BMI and WHR were better indicators of depressive symptoms in group 2. Therefore, among group 1 subjects, the upper arm body composition indices prove to be better regular health monitoring indices as compared to traditionally used BMI and WHR.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Ginjinder Kaur
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala- 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Kaushik Bose
- Department of Anthropology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore - 721102, West Bengal, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Prof, Unit of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthpaedics, Oral Health Sciences Center, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh
| | - Sanjeev Verma
- Asst. Prof, Unit of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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68
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Singh SP, Xia A, Tusty M, Victorovich Malkovskiy A, Easwaran M, Zarabanda D, Valdez TA. Identification of early inflammatory changes in the tympanic membrane with Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2019; 144:6721-6728. [PMID: 31612878 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01772k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The tympanic membrane (TM) is a dynamic structure that separates the middle ear from the external auditory canal. It is also integral for the transmission of sound waves. In this study, we demonstrate the feasibility of using Raman spectroscopy to identify early chemical changes resulting from inflammation in the TM that can serve as an indicator of acute otitis media. Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected trans-tympanicaly in a murine model. Presence of inflammatory response was assessed with binocular microscopy, confirmed with histopathology and immunofluorescence staining. Successful discrimination suggesting spectral differences among the control and LPS treated groups was achieved using principal component analysis. Raman imaging revealed major differences in collagen distribution and nucleic acid content. Image segmentation analysis on the trichrome stained tissue sections was performed to corroborate the Raman spectra. The spectral co-localization study suggests changes in the expression of collagen IV specific signals in LPS treated samples. The overall findings of the study support prospective application of RS in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of otitis media.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Anping Xia
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Mahbuba Tusty
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | | | - Meena Easwaran
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - David Zarabanda
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Tulio A Valdez
- Department of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
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69
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Singh SP, Ramachandran N, Sharma N, Goel AK, de Sousa NM, Beckers JF, Swain DK, Singh MK, Kharche SD. Relationship of foetal number and parity in Barbari goats to plasma profile of caprine pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (caPAG) during gestation and the early postpartum period. Anim Reprod Sci 2019; 210:106190. [PMID: 31635784 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2019.106190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to characterise pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (caPAG) in peripheral plasma during gestation and postpartum periods of nulliparous and multiparous does with one or two foetuses using a caPAG specific two-step sandwich ELISA system. Earliest time-points for detection of pregnancy and foetal number with appropriate cut-off values were identified. Plasma samples from 15 pregnant (multiparous: n = 8; nulliparous: n = 7; during pregnancy and postpartum period) and six non-pregnant (during oestrous cycle) goats were collected and analysed. Mean caPAG concentration was greater than the threshold for pregnancy detection (S-N = 0.40) on d22, peaked on d45 and remained unchanged until parturition. From d45 until parturition, caPAG concentration in multiparous does with two foetuses was 1.4 to 1.8 fold greater (P < 0.001) than those with one foetus. For the ELISA, 0.83 (S-N) was the most appropriate cut-off to differentiate does with two from those with a single foetus with an overall sensitivity and accuracy of 88.9% and 84.7%, respectively. Circulating caPAG concentration in multiparous goats was greater (P < 0.05) compared with nulliparous goats during the early pregnancy and postpartum periods. After parturition, caPAG concentrations markedly decreased and were basal within 14 days postpartum. In conclusion, using the caPAG specific ELISA, results indicated there were unique gestational and postpartum profiles for caPAG concentrations that are affected by number of foetuses and parity of the doe. The marked decrease in concentration of caPAG following parturition indicates there would not be compromising of the detection of subsequent pregnancies in goats using this technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - N Ramachandran
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N Sharma
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Goel
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N M de Sousa
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - J F Beckers
- Laboratory of Animal Endocrinology and Reproduction, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Liege, 4000, Belgium
| | - D K Swain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, UP Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan Sansthan, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M K Singh
- Animal Genetics and Breeding Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S D Kharche
- Animal Physiology and Reproduction Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
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70
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Dua S, Singh SP, Chawla A, Mohan L, Bhattacharya A, Basannar DR. Ventilatory parameters at rest after months of stay at 3300 m: A comparison between acclimatized lowlanders and natives at Leh. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:274-281. [PMID: 31388229 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increased pulmonary ventilation helps lowlanders and natives to maintain arterial oxygenation at high altitudes. Natives of Ladakh have been shown to have similar ventilatory parameters as Tibetans at 3300 m. But there is limited literature comparing these parameters in Ladakhi natives with acclimatized lowland sojourners. Methods End-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressure (EtCO2), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) were measured in 276 participants, 126 native highlanders (NHL - 40 females, 86 males) and 150 acclimatized lowlanders (ALL - 60 females, 90 males). Results EtCO2 was greater in the NHL compared to the ALL, (33.8 ± 3.3 vs 31 ± 2.5 mmHg) although SpO2 was lower (90.9 ± 2.4 vs 91.7 ± 2.3%). When grouped by sex, NHL males had significantly greater EtCO2 than NHL females, ALL males and ALL females. Hb and calculated arterial oxygen content was similar in Ladakhis and acclimatized lowlanders, although greater in males compared to females. Systemic blood pressure, heart rate and the proportion of hypertensives was significantly greater in the ALL. Conclusion Native Ladakhis, have a significantly greater resting EtCO2 (especially in males) and lower SpO2 than acclimatized lowlanders. Blood Hb concentration and oxygen content is, however, similar in natives and acclimatized lowlanders of the same sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shelka Dua
- Classified Specialist (Physiology), 165 Military Hospital, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
| | - Anuj Chawla
- Senior Adviser (Physiology), Base Hospital Delhi Cantt, Delhi, India
| | - Latika Mohan
- Professor & Head (Physiology), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anirban Bhattacharya
- Research Pool Officer, High Altitude Medical Research Centre, Leh, Ladakh, India
| | - D R Basannar
- Scientist 'F', Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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71
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Sikri G, Kotwal A, Singh SP, Bhattachar S, Bhatia SS, Dutt M, Srinath N. Is it time to revise the acclimatization schedule at high altitude? Evidence from a field trial in Western Himalayas. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:251-258. [PMID: 31388226 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In Western Himalayas, Indian Army soldiers take 11 days (6 days of acclimatization and 5 days of travel) on a sea-level to high altitude road (SH road) to reach a high altitude location (HAL) situated at an altitude of 11,500 feet from sea-level location (SLL) at an altitude of 1150 feet while following acclimatization schedule (AS). AS has an extra safety margin over the conventional 'mountaineering thumb rule' of not exceeding 500 m sleeping altitude above 3000 m altitude. We carried out this randomised field trial to study the feasibility of moving large number of troops rapidly from SLL to HAL on SH road in western Himalayas in 4 days under pharmaco-prophylaxis. Methods Based on the pharmaco-prophylaxis, at SLL 508 healthy lowland soldiers were divided into two groups: 'A' (n = 256) with Acetazolamide + Dexamethasone and 'B' (n = 252) with Acetazolamide + Placebo. They travelled rapidly by road to HAL in 4 days and prevalence of acute mountain sickness (AMS), high altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) and high altitude cerebral edema (HACE) during the ascent was measured. Results Prevalence of AMS was found to be 1.56% and 1.59% in group 'A' and group 'B' respectively during the ascent with no cases of HAPE and HACE. Conclusion At least on SH road, troops can be inducted rapidly to HAL from SLL in 4 days under pharmaco-prophylaxis with Acetazolamide with minimal occurrence of acute high altitude illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Sikri
- Professor and Head, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - Atul Kotwal
- Dy DGAFMS (Pensions), O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S P Singh
- Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - Srinivasa Bhattachar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, 411040, India
| | - S S Bhatia
- Commandant, Military Hospital Mhow, C/o 56 APO, India
| | - Manohar Dutt
- Commanding Officer, 4002 Field Hospital, C/o 56 APO, India
| | - N Srinath
- Consultant (Surgery), O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi, 110001, India
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Moorchung N, Puri B, Bhatti V, Lahareesh BL, Singh SP, Sitaram WT. In the search of a 'fitness gene': an analysis of ACTN gene polymorphisms in serving soldiers. Med J Armed Forces India 2019; 75:246-250. [PMID: 31388225 DOI: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms in the exon 15 and exon 16 of the ACTN3 gene are believed to be associated with athletic performance. Paratroopers are some of the fittest soldiers in the Indian Armed Forces. This study was taken up to assess if there was a significant difference in the genetic profile between paratroopers and non-paratroopers. Method Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) followed by restriction length fragment polymorphism (RFLP) was used to analyse the genetic polymorphisms in the exon 15 and 16 of the ACTN3 gene. Results There was a significant difference between paratroopers and non-paratroopers in the polymorphic loci at codon 15 and 16. Conclusions The study suggests that there is a significant difference in the genotype between paratroopers and non-paratroopers. It is likely that the differences in muscle fibres as a result of these genotypic changes confer a 'survival advantage'; people with a homozygous genotype are more likely to pass the harsh probation and qualify for the Parachute Regiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikhil Moorchung
- Assistant Director, Institute of Bioinformatics, International Tech Park, Bengaluru 560066, India
| | - Bipin Puri
- Director General Armed Forces Medical Services, O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, 'M' Block, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Vijay Bhatti
- Director (H) AFMS, O/o DGAFMS, Ministry of Defence, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S P Singh
- DADMS, HQ CE (P) Swastik, C/o 99 APO, India
| | - Wankhede Tanaji Sitaram
- Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411040, India
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Kedia S, Sharma R, Makharia G, Ahuja V, Desai D, Kandasamy D, Eapen A, Ganesan K, Ghoshal UC, Kalra N, Karthikeyan R, Madhusudhan KS, Philip M, Puri A, Puri S, Sinha SK, Banerjee R, Bhatia S, Bhat N, Dadhich S, Dhali GK, Goswami BD, Issar SK, Jayanthi V, Misra SP, Nijhawan S, Puri P, Sarkar A, Singh SP, Srivastava A, Abraham P, Ramakrishna BS. Indian guidelines on imaging of the small intestine in Crohn's disease: A joint Indian Society of Gastroenterology and Indian Radiology and Imaging Association consensus statement. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2019; 29:111-132. [PMID: 31367083 PMCID: PMC6639863 DOI: 10.4103/ijri.ijri_153_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) Task Force on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) developed combined ISG-IRIA evidence-based best-practice guidelines for imaging of the small intestine in patients suspected to have or having Crohn's disease. The 29 consensus statements, developed through a modified Delphi process, are intended to serve as reference for teaching, clinical practice, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Raju Sharma
- Radiadiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Govind Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Devendra Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Anu Eapen
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Karthik Ganesan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sir H. N. Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Naveen Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Karthikeyan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chennai, India
| | | | - Mathew Philip
- Department of Gastroenterology, PVS Memorial Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Amarender Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sunil Puri
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Saroj K Sinha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shobna Bhatia
- Department of Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital, Mumbai, India
| | - Naresh Bhat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aster CMI Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Sunil Dadhich
- Department of Gastroenterology, SN Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - G K Dhali
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - B D Goswami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guwahati Medical College, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - S K Issar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital and Research Centre, Bhilai, Chhattishgarh, India
| | - V Jayanthi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - S P Misra
- Department of Gastroenterology, MLN Medical College, Allahabad, UP, India
| | - Sandeep Nijhawan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, Chennai, India
| | - Pankaj Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Military Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Avik Sarkar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, SCB Medical College, Cuttack, Odisha, India
| | - Anshu Srivastava
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, UP, India
| | - Philip Abraham
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - B S Ramakrishna
- Department of Gastroenterology, SRM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Chennai, India
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Sandhu N, Subedi SR, Singh VK, Sinha P, Kumar S, Singh SP, Ghimire SK, Pandey M, Yadaw RB, Varshney RK, Kumar A. Deciphering the genetic basis of root morphology, nutrient uptake, yield, and yield-related traits in rice under dry direct-seeded cultivation systems. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9334. [PMID: 31249338 PMCID: PMC6597570 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45770-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In the face of global water scarcity, a successful transition of rice cultivation from puddled to dry direct-seeded rice (DDSR) is a future need. A genome-wide association study was performed on a complex mapping population for 39 traits: 9 seedling-establishment traits, 14 root and nutrient-uptake traits, 5 plant morphological traits, 4 lodging resistance traits, and 7 yield and yield-contributing traits. A total of 10 significant marker-trait associations (MTAs) were found along with 25 QTLs associated with 25 traits. The percent phenotypic variance explained by SNPs ranged from 8% to 84%. Grain yield was found to be significantly and positively correlated with seedling-establishment traits, root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain yield-contributing traits. The genomic colocation of different root morphological traits, nutrient uptake-related traits, and grain-yield-contributing traits further supports the role of root morphological traits in improving nutrient uptake and grain yield under DDSR. The QTLs/candidate genes underlying the significant MTAs were identified. The identified promising progenies carrying these QTLs may serve as potential donors to be exploited in genomics-assisted breeding programs for improving grain yield and adaptability under DDSR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitika Sandhu
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India
| | - Sushil Raj Subedi
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.,Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal.,National Rice Research Program, Hardinath, Nepal
| | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallavi Sinha
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S P Singh
- Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bhagalpur, Bihar, India
| | | | - Madhav Pandey
- Agriculture and Forestry University, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal
| | | | - Rajeev K Varshney
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and System Biology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT), Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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Ker J, Singh SP, Bai Y, Rao J, Lim T, Wang L. Image Thresholding Improves 3-Dimensional Convolutional Neural Network Diagnosis of Different Acute Brain Hemorrhages on Computed Tomography Scans. Sensors (Basel) 2019; 19:s19092167. [PMID: 31083289 PMCID: PMC6539746 DOI: 10.3390/s19092167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Intracranial hemorrhage is a medical emergency that requires urgent diagnosis and immediate treatment to improve patient outcome. Machine learning algorithms can be used to perform medical image classification and assist clinicians in diagnosing radiological scans. In this paper, we apply 3-dimensional convolutional neural networks (3D CNN) to classify computed tomography (CT) brain scans into normal scans (N) and abnormal scans containing subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), intraparenchymal hemorrhage (IPH), acute subdural hemorrhage (ASDH) and brain polytrauma hemorrhage (BPH). The dataset used consists of 399 volumetric CT brain images representing approximately 12,000 images from the National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore. We used a 3D CNN to perform both 2-class (normal versus a specific abnormal class) and 4-class classification (between normal, SAH, IPH, ASDH). We apply image thresholding at the image pre-processing step, that improves 3D CNN classification accuracy and performance by accentuating the pixel intensities that contribute most to feature discrimination. For 2-class classification, the F1 scores for various pairs of medical diagnoses ranged from 0.706 to 0.902 without thresholding. With thresholding implemented, the F1 scores improved and ranged from 0.919 to 0.952. Our results are comparable to, and in some cases, exceed the results published in other work applying 3D CNN to CT or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain scan classification. This work represents a direct application of a 3D CNN to a real hospital scenario involving a medically emergent CT brain diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin Ker
- Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
| | - Satya P Singh
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Yeqi Bai
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
| | - Jai Rao
- Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
| | - Tchoyoson Lim
- Neuroradiology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
| | - Lipo Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
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76
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Sharma MK, Kumar M, Saini JP, Singh SP. Computationally Optimized MIMO Antenna with Improved Isolation and Extended Bandwidth for UWB Applications. Arab J Sci Eng 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-019-03888-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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77
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Singh TP, Lu X, Singh SP, Zhang H, Doucet M, Kominsky SL, Farber JM. Keratinocyte-derived CCL20 orchestrates epidermal localization of IL-17-producing γδ T cells and ILCs to mediate psoriasis-like skin inflammation. The Journal of Immunology 2019. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.202.supp.183.21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
CCR6 is important for imiquimod (IMQ)-induced psoriatic dermatitis in mice, which depends on motile CCR6+ γδ T cells that produce IL-17 and IL-22. CCR6 ligands include CCL20 and β-defensins. We used new strains of Ccl20 tdTomato knock-in mice, Ccl20fl/flmice, and Ccr6fl/fl GFP knock-in mice to determine sites of production and action of CCL20 and its role in the localization of γδ T cells and ILCs during imiquimod (IMQ)-induced inflammation. IMQ treatment of Ccl20+/tdT mice led to expression of Ccl20 in keratinocytes (KCs), including in the infundibulum and isthmus of the hair follicles. Ccl20−/− mice showed reduced inflammation and expression of Il17 and Il22 in the treated skin. Deletion of Ccl20 specifically in the KCs by treating Ccl20fl/flK14-CreERT mice with tamoxifen before applying IMQ significantly decreased the accumulation of IL-17-producing gd T cells and ILCs in the epidermis. Depleting KC-derived CCL20 at day 4 when inflammation was well established also reduced the number of epidermal γδ T cells and ILCs. In both cases the percent of IL-17-producing γδ T cells and ILCs did not change, demonstrating that migration to the epidermis and the ability to produce IL-17 are regulated independently. Multi-photon microscopy of IMQ-treated Ccr6+/gfp and Ccr6gfp/gfp(CCR6-deficient) micerevealed a CCR6-independent step whereby dermal CCR6+ cells accumulate at the hair follicles, followed by a CCR6-dependent step whereby the cells move into the superficial epidermis.
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78
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Thakrar FJ, Singh SP. Catalytic, thermodynamic and structural properties of an immobilized and highly thermostable alkaline protease from a haloalkaliphilic actinobacteria, Nocardiopsis alba TATA-5. Bioresour Technol 2019; 278:150-158. [PMID: 30685619 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A highly thermostable protease from a haloalkaliphilic actinobacteria was immobilized employing 5 different approaches on 24 carriers. On immobilization, the activation energy and deactivation rate constant decreased, which makes the immobilized protease favourable for applications. Similarly, pH and temperature stability was enhanced, while the Vmax and Km changed upon immobilization. The immobilized enzyme had greater stability in various metal ions and detergents. The structural topography of the immobilized enzyme elucidated by the FTIR suggested the function of aliphatic amines, alkenes and esters since amide I and II bands were affected. Noticeable decrease in the Amide A band suggests interaction between the immobilization carriers and -NH groups of the protease molecule. The suitability of the immobilized protease was established by designing a continuous flow enzyme bioreactor, displaying the enzyme half-life of 916.15 min at 60 °C. The enzyme reactor was highly efficient in the treatment of the municipal and dairy wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Foram J Thakrar
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot 360 005, Gujarat, India.
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79
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Yadav S, Sandhu N, Majumder RR, Dixit S, Kumar S, Singh SP, Mandal NP, Das SP, Yadaw RB, Singh VK, Sinha P, Varshney RK, Kumar A. Epistatic interactions of major effect drought QTLs with genetic background loci determine grain yield of rice under drought stress. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2616. [PMID: 30796339 PMCID: PMC6385343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39084-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Epistatic interactions of QTLs with the genetic background and QTL-QTL interaction plays an important role in the phenotypic performance of introgression lines developed through genomic-assisted breeding (GAB). In this context, NIL pairs developed with various drought QTL (qDTY) combinations in the genetic background of IR64, TDK1-Sub1 and Savitri backgrounds were utilized to study the interactions. Multi-season phenotyping of NIL pairs harboring similar qDTY combinations provided contrasting performance for grain yield under drought (RS) (classified as high and low yielding NILs) but nearly similar performance under non-stress(NS) conditions. Genome wide genotyping data revealed a total of 16, 5 and 6 digenic interactions were detected under RS conditions in low yielding NILs of IR64, TDK1-Sub1 and Savitri respectively while no significant interaction was found in high yielding NILs under RS and NS conditions in any of the genetic backgrounds used in this study. It is evident from this study that existence of epistatic interactions between QTLs with genetic background, QTL-QTL interaction and interactions among background markers loci itself on different chromosomes influences the expression of a complex trait such as grain yield under drought. The generated information will be useful in all the GAB program of across the crops for precise breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailesh Yadav
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Nitika Sandhu
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Ratna Rani Majumder
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Shalabh Dixit
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Santosh Kumar
- ICAR Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - S P Singh
- Bihar Agricultural University, Sabour, Bihar, India
| | - N P Mandal
- Central Rainfed Upland Rice Research station, National Rice Research Institute, Hazaribagh, Jharkhand, India
| | - S P Das
- ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Centre, Lembucherra, Tripura, India
| | | | - Vikas Kumar Singh
- International Rice Research Institute, South Asia Hub, ICRISAT, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Pallavi Sinha
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Rajeev K Varshney
- International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-arid Tropics, Patancheru, Hyderabad, India
| | - Arvind Kumar
- Rice Breeding Platform, International Rice Research Institute, DAPO Box 7777, Metro Manila, Philippines.
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Perry BI, Kular A, Brown L, Gajwani R, Jasani R, Islam Z, Birchwood M, Singh SP. The association between treatment beliefs and engagement in care in first episode psychosis. Schizophr Res 2019; 204:409-410. [PMID: 30100109 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2018.07.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B I Perry
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom; Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, United Kingdom.
| | - A Kular
- Division of Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - L Brown
- Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
| | - R Gajwani
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - R Jasani
- Humanitarian and Conflict Response Institute, University of Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Z Islam
- LOROS Hospice, United Kingdom
| | - M Birchwood
- Medical School, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
| | - S P Singh
- Coventry and Warwickshire Partnership NHS Trust, United Kingdom; Mental Health and Wellbeing, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
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81
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Fang YN, Hahn H, Kobe S, Witte R, Singh SP, Feng T, Ghafari M. Modifying the transition temperature, 120 K ≤ T c ≤ 1150 K, of amorphous Fe 90-xCo xSc 10 with simultaneous alteration of fluctuation of exchange integral up to zero. Sci Rep 2019; 9:412. [PMID: 30675006 PMCID: PMC6344561 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36891-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amorphous (a-) Fe90−xCoxSc10 alloys have been produced by rapid quenching from the melt. The Curie temperature, TC, was determined using both mean field theory and Landau’s theory of second-order phase transitions in zero and non-zero external fields. The dependence of TC on the atomic spacing can be explained by the empirical Bethe-Slater curve. The value of TC of a- Fe5Co85Sc10, determined by the above theoretical approaches is 1150 K, which is the highest TC ever measured for amorphous alloys. The flattening of the measured normalized magnetization, M(T)/M(0), as a function of the reduced temperature, T/TC, is explained within the framework of the Handrich- Kobe model. According to this model the fluctuation of the exchange integral is the main reason for the flattening of M(T)/M(0). In the case of a-Fe90Sc10 without Co, however, the fluctuation of the exchange integral is dominant only at zero external field, Bex = 0. At Bex = 9 T, however, the fluctuation of the exchange integral has no conspicuous effect on the reduction of the magnetization. It is shown that at Bex = 9 T the frozen magnetic clusters control the behaviour of the reduced magnetization as function of T/TC. In contrast to other ferromagnetic alloys, where the flattening of M(T)/M(0) is characteristic for an amorphous structure, the a- Fe5Co85Sc10 does not exhibit any trace of the fluctuation of the exchange integral.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y N Fang
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - H Hahn
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.,Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz- Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein- Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S Kobe
- Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Theoretische Physik, D-01062, Dresden, Germany
| | - R Witte
- Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz- Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein- Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - S P Singh
- Institute for Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz- Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein- Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - T Feng
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - M Ghafari
- Herbert Gleiter Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
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82
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Chandra Kaushik A, Wang YJ, Wang X, Kumar A, Singh SP, Pan CT, Shiue YL, Wei DQ. Evaluation of anti-EGFR-iRGD recombinant protein with GOLD nanoparticles: synergistic effect on antitumor efficiency using optimized deep neural networks. RSC Adv 2019; 9:19261-19270. [PMID: 35519377 PMCID: PMC9065452 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra01975h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
NP screening through a deep learning approach against Anti-EGFR and validation through docking with AuNP. Biochemical pathway and simulation of AuNP with Anti-EGFR and further implementation in biological circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman Chandra Kaushik
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yan-Jing Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Xiangeng Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung City 804
- Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering
| | - Satya P. Singh
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering
- Nanyang Technological University
- Singapore
| | - Cheng-Tang Pan
- Department of Mechanical and Electro-Mechanical Engineering
- National Sun Yat-sen University
- Kaohsiung City 804
- Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science and Technology
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences
- National Sun Yat-Sen University
- Kaohsiung City 804
- Taiwan
| | - Dong-Qing Wei
- The State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University
- Shanghai
- China
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Kaushik AC, Kumar A, Yu CY, Kuo SW, Liang SS, Singh SP, Wang X, Wang YJ, Yen CK, Dai X, Wei DQ, Pan CT, Shiue YL. Correction: PCL–DOX microdroplets: an evaluation of the enhanced intracellular delivery of doxorubicin in metastatic cancer cells via in silico and in vitro approaches. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj90102g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Correction for ‘PCL–DOX microdroplets: an evaluation of the enhanced intracellular delivery of doxorubicin in metastatic cancer cells via in silico and in vitro approaches’ by Aman Chandra Kaushik et al., New J. Chem., 2019, DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01902b.
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84
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Varshney N, Aggarwal S, Kumar S, Singh SP. Retention and patient satisfaction with bar-clip, ball and socket and kerator attachments in mandibular implant overdenture treatment: An in vivo study. J Indian Prosthodont Soc 2019; 19:49-57. [PMID: 30745754 PMCID: PMC6340082 DOI: 10.4103/jips.jips_281_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this in vivo study was to evaluate and compare the retention and patient satisfaction in implant supported mandibular overdenture with three different attachment system. Materials and Methods: After evaluation of prosthetic space, fifteen edentulous subjects received two implants in the inter-foramina region of the mandible and were divided into 3 groups with 5 subjects each, delayed loading protocol was followed in all the patients. The retention force and satisfaction level with the attachments at baseline and after 6 months was measured in a standardised way using retentive device and VAS questionnaire. The study was based on evaluation of retention and patient satisfaction. 15 subjects were included in the study. The results obtained were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test, and multiple comparisons were carried out using the Bonferroni tests. Results: At the end of six months, the retention force and satisfaction level was higher in Group 3 (Kerator attachment) as compared to Group 1 (ball and socket attachment) and Group 2 (bar and clip attachment) and patient satisfaction was equal in groups 1, 2 and 3 but the total number of interventions is significantly higher in the attachment bar. Analysis of variance with repeated measures showed significant differences in retention force among the three attachment types. Conclusion: (1) Group 3 (kerator attachment) exhibit higher retentive capacities than Group 1 (ball and socket attachment) and Group 2 (bar and clip attachment). (2) patient satisfaction was higher in Group 3 (Kerator attachment) in compare to Group 1 (ball and socket attachment) and Group 2 (bar and clip attachment).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitish Varshney
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sumit Aggarwal
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shalabh Kumar
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Prosthodontics and Crown and Bridge, ITS - CDSR, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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85
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Kaushik AC, Kumar A, Yu CY, Kuo SW, Liang SS, Singh SP, Wang X, Wang YJ, Yen CK, Dai X, Wei DQ, Pan CT, Shiue YL. PCL–DOX microdroplets: an evaluation of the enhanced intracellular delivery of doxorubicin in metastatic cancer cells via in silico and in vitro approaches. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj01902b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A schematic diagram of HCC & TACE; injections of HepaSphere with DOX are made into the femoral artery, abdominal aorta, and hepatic artery to make the tumor shrink to a resectable size due to a shortage of nutrients and drug treatment.
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86
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Barkat MA, Harshita, Beg S, Naim MJ, Pottoo FH, Singh SP, Ahmad FJ. Current Progress in Synthesis, Characterization and Applications of Silver Nanoparticles: Precepts and Prospects. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 13:53-69. [PMID: 28990540 DOI: 10.2174/1574891x12666171006102833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2017] [Revised: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), are amongst the utmost striking nanosized materials that are extensively applied in a variety of biomedical applications which includes diagnostic use, disease management, medical device coating, drug delivery and for personal health care. DISCUSSION With the growing interest and its application in the health care sector, it is becoming necessary for a better understanding and exploration of AgNPs mechanism of action like biological interaction, their possible toxicity, and safety concern to human exposure. AgNPs have been the subject of researchers attention and interest due to the unique properties and quality such as shape and size depending optical, electrical, and antimicrobial potentials (antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral etc.). In recent times, several studies have been conducted on AgNPs antimicrobial potential and also a number of patents related to its synthesis, clinical role and importance have also been registered. In this review, a short overview of AgNPs synthesis approach is presented (physical, chemical, and biological or green synthesis) and it also delivers a historical outlook of AgNPs application as an antimicrobial agent which includes combined evidence of microbial resistance and safety issues with human exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, India.,School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurgaon, India.,Nanomedicine Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Harshita
- School of Medical & Allied Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurgaon, India
| | - Sarwar Beg
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Mohd Javed Naim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Faheem H Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 1982, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satya P Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow, India
| | - Farhan J Ahmad
- Nanomedicine Research Lab, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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87
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Tripathi H, Rath C, Kumar AS, Manna PP, Singh SP. Structural, physico-mechanical and in-vitro bioactivity studies on SiO 2-CaO-P 2O 5-SrO-Al 2O 3 bioactive glasses. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2018; 94:279-290. [PMID: 30423710 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Strontium based bioactive glasses have shown a better biocompatibility than calcia based bioactive glasses. In this report, we have shown that the bioactivity is found to be even more when we incorporate Al2O3 upto 1.5 mol% in SiO2-CaO-P2O5-SrO bioactive glass. We have studied the structural, physico-mechanical and bioactive properties in these glasses with varying alumina concentration from 0.5 to 2.5 mol%. The bioactivity of the glasses is evaluated by in vitro test in simulated body fluid (SBF). The formation of hydroxy carbonated apatite layer (HCA) on the surface of glasses after immersion in SBF is identified by the XRD, FTIR and SEM. The substitution of Al2O3 for SrO in these glasses demonstrates a significant enhancement in compressive strength and elastic modulus. However cytotoxicity and cell viability assessed using human osteosarcoma U2-OS cell lines show the growth of the cells without causing any significant loss of viability and cell death upto 1.5 mol% addition of Al2O3. Osteosarcoma cells grow on the surface of bioglasses which make them biocompatible and fit for use in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Tripathi
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India; School of Materials Science & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India..
| | - Chandana Rath
- School of Materials Science & Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India..
| | | | - Partha Pratim Manna
- Immunobiology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Ceramic Engineering, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India.
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88
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Rizvi S, Raza ST, Mahdi F, Singh SP, Rajput M, Rahman Q. Genetic polymorphisms inKCNJ11 (E23K, rs5219)andSDF-1β (G801A, rs1801157)genes are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Br J Biomed Sci 2018; 75:139-144. [DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2018.1473939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Rizvi
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital , Lucknow, India
- Science and Technology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Lucknow, India
| | - ST Raza
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital , Lucknow, India
| | - F Mahdi
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital , Lucknow, India
| | - SP Singh
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital , Lucknow, India
| | - M Rajput
- Molecular Biology Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Era’s Lucknow Medical College and Hospital , Lucknow, India
| | - Q Rahman
- Science and Technology, Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh , Lucknow, India
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89
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Laxman TS, Puttervu SK, Mishra A, Verma S, Singh SP, Sashidhara KV, Marandi CM, Saxena S, Yadav MK, Bhatta RS. Evaluation of interconversion pharmacokinetics of 16α-hydroxycleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide - a novel HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor and its acid metabolite using multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic model in mice. Xenobiotica 2018; 49:474-483. [PMID: 29565234 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2018.1451933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
16α-Hydroxycleroda-3,13(14)Z-dien-15,16-olide (4655K-09 or K-09) is a novel clerodane diterpene lactone reported for its anti-hyperlipidemic efficacy. The objective of the present study was to investigate the probable reversible metabolism of 4655K-09 and evaluate its effects on pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. The PK studies were carried out through intravenous (IV) bolus administration of 4655K-09 and K-9T in mice at a dose of 3, 6 and 12 mg/kg separately. The oral PK study of 4655K-09 was carried out at therapeutic dose of 25 mg/kg. The % AUC of metabolite converted to parent upon its administration % AUCK-09K-9T was found to be 27.28 ± 2.67. The multi-compartmental interconversion model defined reversible and irreversible clearances along with volumes of distribution for parent and metabolite. The results emphasized that hydrolysis of lactone to acid was more efficient than back conversion to parent due to greater extent of irreversible elimination of acid. Further, the role of interconversion in pharmacokinetics of 4655K-09 was evaluated through secondary parameters like conversion coefficients of parent to metabolite ( KK-9TK-09:0.08 ± 0.02 ), metabolite to parent ( KK-09K-9T : 0.019 ± 0.001), exposure enhancement (EE: 1.04 ± 0.006), and recycled fraction (RF: 0.042 ± 0.007), highlighted the minimal role of interconversion. The estimation of oral bioavailability remains unaffected when calculated through considering reversible metabolism. The present model-based interconversion pharmacokinetics of 4655K-09 in mice could be further extended to other species to support its development as anti-hyperlipidemic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tulsankar Sachin Laxman
- a Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India.,b Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , New Delhi , India
| | - Santosh Kumar Puttervu
- a Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India.,b Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , New Delhi , India
| | - Anjali Mishra
- a Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Sarvesh Verma
- a Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - S P Singh
- c Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - K V Sashidhara
- c Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - C M Marandi
- d Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Rae Bareli , India
| | - Shivani Saxena
- d Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Rae Bareli , India
| | - Manoj K Yadav
- c Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India
| | - Rabi S Bhatta
- a Pharmacokinetics & Metabolism Division , CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute , Lucknow , India.,d Department of Pharmaceutics , National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) , Rae Bareli , India
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90
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Lee CH, Zhang HH, Singh SP, Koo L, Kabat J, Tsang H, Singh TP, Farber JM. C/EBPδ drives interactions between human MAIT cells and endothelial cells that are important for extravasation. eLife 2018; 7:32532. [PMID: 29469805 PMCID: PMC5869018 DOI: 10.7554/elife.32532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many mediators and regulators of extravasation by bona fide human memory-phenotype T cells remain undefined. Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells are innate-like, antibacterial cells that we found excelled at crossing inflamed endothelium. They displayed abundant selectin ligands, with high expression of FUT7 and ST3GAL4, and expressed CCR6, CCR5, and CCR2, which played non-redundant roles in trafficking on activated endothelial cells. MAIT cells selectively expressed CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein delta (C/EBPδ). Knockdown of C/EBPδ diminished expression of FUT7, ST3GAL4 and CCR6, decreasing MAIT cell rolling and arrest, and consequently the cells' ability to cross an endothelial monolayer in vitro and extravasate in mice. Nonetheless, knockdown of C/EBPδ did not affect CCR2, which was important for the step of transendothelial migration. Thus, MAIT cells demonstrate a program for extravasastion that includes, in part, C/EBPδ and C/EBPδ-regulated genes, and that could be used to enhance, or targeted to inhibit T cell recruitment into inflamed tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Hoon Lee
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Hongwei H Zhang
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Satya P Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Lily Koo
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Juraj Kabat
- Biological Imaging Section, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Hsinyi Tsang
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Tej Pratap Singh
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
| | - Joshua M Farber
- Inflammation Biology Section, Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States
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91
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Singh SP, McClung JA, Bellner L, Cao J, Waldman M, Schragenheim J, Arad M, Hochhauser E, Falck JR, Weingarten JA, Peterson SJ, Abraham NG. CYP-450 Epoxygenase Derived Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Contribute To Reversal of Heart Failure in Obesity-Induced Diabetic Cardiomyopathy via PGC-1 α Activation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 7. [PMID: 29707604 PMCID: PMC5922773 DOI: 10.4172/2329-6607.1000233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that an Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid (EET) -agonist has pleiotropic effects and reverses cardiomyopathy by decreasing inflammatory molecules and increasing antioxidant signaling. We hypothesized that administration of an EET agonist would increase Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma coactivator (PGC-1α), which controls mitochondrial function and induction of HO-1 and negatively regulates the expression of the proinflammatory adipokines CCN3/NOV in cardiac and pericardial tissues. This pathway would be expected to further improve left ventricular (LV) systolic function as well as increase insulin receptor phosphorylation. Measurement of the effect of an EET agonist on oxygen consumption, fractional shortening, blood glucose levels, thermogenic and mitochondrial signaling proteins was performed. Control obese mice developed signs of metabolic syndrome including insulin resistance, hypertension, inflammation, LV dysfunction, and increased NOV expression in pericardial adipose tissue. EET agonist intervention decreased pericardial adipose tissue expression of NOV, while normalized FS, increased PGC-1α, HO-1 levels, insulin receptor phosphorylation and improved mitochondrial function, theses beneficial effect were reversed by deletion of PGC-1α. These studies demonstrate that an EET agonist increases insulin receptor phosphorylation, mitochondrial and thermogenic gene expression, decreased cardiac and pericardial tissue NOV levels, and ameliorates cardiomyopathy in an obese mouse model of the metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - J A McClung
- Departments of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - L Bellner
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - J Cao
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.,Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - M Waldman
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.,Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - J Schragenheim
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA
| | - M Arad
- Leviev Heart Center, Tel Hashomer and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | - E Hochhauser
- Cardiac Research Laboratory, Felsenstein Medical Research Institute and Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
| | - J R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | - J A Weingarten
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.,New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York, USA
| | - S J Peterson
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.,New York Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, New York, USA
| | - N G Abraham
- Departments of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York, USA.,Joan Edward School of Medicine, West Virginia, USA
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92
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Collar AL, Swamydas M, O’Hayre M, Sajib MS, Hoffman KW, Singh SP, Mourad A, Johnson MD, Ferre EM, Farber JM, Lim JK, Mikelis CM, Gutkind JS, Lionakis MS. The homozygous CX3CR1-M280 mutation impairs human monocyte survival. JCI Insight 2018; 3:95417. [PMID: 29415879 PMCID: PMC5821174 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.95417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Several reports have demonstrated that mouse Cx3cr1 signaling promotes monocyte/macrophage survival. In agreement, we previously found that, in a mouse model of systemic candidiasis, genetic deficiency of Cx3cr1 resulted in increased mortality and impaired tissue fungal clearance associated with decreased macrophage survival. We translated this finding by showing that the dysfunctional CX3CR1 variant CX3CR1-M280 was associated with increased risk and worse outcome of human systemic candidiasis. However, the impact of this mutation on human monocyte/macrophage survival is poorly understood. Herein, we hypothesized that CX3CR1-M280 impairs human monocyte survival. We identified WT (CX3CR1-WT/WT), CX3CR1-WT/M280 heterozygous, and CX3CR1-M280/M280 homozygous healthy donors of European descent, and we show that CX3CL1 rescues serum starvation-induced cell death in CX3CR1-WT/WT and CX3CR1-WT/M280 but not in CX3CR1-M280/M280 monocytes. CX3CL1-induced survival of CX3CR1-WT/WT monocytes is mediated via AKT and ERK activation, which are both impaired in CX3CR1-M280/M280 monocytes, associated with decreased blood monocyte counts in CX3CR1-M280/M280 donors at steady state. Instead, CX3CR1-M280/M280 does not affect monocyte CX3CR1 surface expression or innate immune effector functions. Together, we show that homozygocity of the M280 polymorphism in CX3CR1 is a potentially novel population-based genetic factor that influences human monocyte signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda L. Collar
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) , and
| | - Muthulekha Swamydas
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) , and
| | - Morgan O’Hayre
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Md Sanaullah Sajib
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin W. Hoffman
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Satya P. Singh
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (LMI), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ahmad Mourad
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Melissa D. Johnson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Elise M.N. Ferre
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) , and
| | - Joshua M. Farber
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology (LMI), NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Jean K. Lim
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Constantinos M. Mikelis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
| | - J. Silvio Gutkind
- Oral and Pharyngeal Cancer Branch, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, UCSD, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Michail S. Lionakis
- Fungal Pathogenesis Section, Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology (LCIM), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) , and
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Alcolea Palafox M, Rastogi VK, Singh SP. FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 5-chlorocytosine: Solid state simulation and tautomerism. Effect of the chlorine substitution in the Watson-Crick base pair 5-chlorodeoxycytidine-deoxyguanosine. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 188:418-435. [PMID: 28756258 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The laser Raman and IR spectra of 5-chlorocytosine have been recorded and accurately assigned in the solid state using Density functional calculations (DFT) together with the linear scaling equation procedure (LSE) and the solid state simulation of the crystal unit cell through a tetramer form. These results remarkably improve those reported previously by other authors. Several new scaling equations were proposed to be used in related molecules. The six main tautomers of the biomolecule 5-chlorocytosine were determined and optimized at the MP2 and CCSD levels, using different basis sets. The relative stabilities were compared with those obtained in cytosine and their 5-halo derivatives. Several relationships between energies, geometric parameters and NBO atomic charges were established. The effect of the chlorine substitution in the fifth position was evaluated through the stability of the Watson-Crick (WC) base pair of 5-chlorodeoxycytidine with deoxyguanosine, and through their vibrational spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Alcolea Palafox
- Nofima AS - the Norwegian Institute of Food, Fisheries and Aquaculture Research, PB 210, N-1431 Ås, Norway; Departamento de Química-Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - V K Rastogi
- Internet Lab, R.D. Foundation Group of Institutions, NH-58, Kadrabad, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India; Indian Spectroscopy Society, KC 68/1, Old Kavinagar, Ghaziabad 201 002, India.
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Physics, Dr B R Ambedkar Govt Degree College, Mainpuri 205 001, India
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94
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Kumar G, Chaurasia RC, Singh SP. Efficacy and Adverse Effects of Topical Latanoprost with Respect to Preservative in Patients of POAG. J Clin Diagn Res 2018. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2018/29284.11891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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95
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Singh V, Singh SP, Singh M, Kumar A. Evaluation of Antioxidant, Hypoglycemic and Hypolipidemic Effects of the Phytoconstituents of Cinnamomum tamala in Rats. Indian J Pharm Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Bhatt HB, Gohel SD, Singh SP. Phylogeny, novel bacterial lineage and enzymatic potential of haloalkaliphilic bacteria from the saline coastal desert of Little Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, India. 3 Biotech 2018; 8:53. [PMID: 29354364 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-1075-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This report describes cultivation-dependent diversity, phylogeny and enzymatic potential of the haloalkaliphilic bacteria isolated from the unvegetated desert soil of yet unexplored, saline desert of Little Rann of Kutch (LRK), India. The LRK is a unique ecosystem displaying a combination of Dry Rann and Wet Rann. A total of 25 bacteria were isolated and characterized on the basis of colony morphology, biochemical profile, sugar utilization, secretion of the extracellular enzymes and antibiotic sensitivity. Further, the identification and phylogenetic relatedness of 23 bacteria were established by the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolates belong to the phylum Firmicutes, comprising low G + C, Gram-positive bacteria, with different genera: Bacillus (~ 39%), Staphylococcus (~ 30%), Halobacillus (~ 13%), Virgibacillus (~ 13%), Oceanobacillus (~ 4%). Majority of the bacterial isolates produced proteases (30% isolates) followed by cellulases (24% isolates), CMCases (24% isolates) and amylases (20% isolates). Halobacillus, Virgibacillus and Bacillus predominantly produced hydrolases, while many produced multiple enzymes at high salinity and alkaline pH. Highest antibiotic resistance was observed against Ampicillin and Penicillin (32%) followed by Cefaclor (20%); Colistin, Cefoperazone and Cefotaxime (16%); Cefuroxime (12%); Gentamycin and Cefixime (8%); Erythromycin, Cefadroxil, Azithromycin, Co-trimoxazole, Amoxycillin, Norfloxacin, Cefpodoxime, Amikacin and Augmentin (4%). KJ1-10-99 and KJ1-10-93 representing < 97% of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity belong to a novel lineage within the family Bacillaceae. Comparison of the phenogram and phylogram revealed the contradiction of the phenogram pattern and the phylogenetic placement of the isolates. The isolates belonging to same species have shown considerable phenotypic variation. The study on the cultivable haloalkaliphilic bacteria of an unexplored enigmatic niche reflects ecological and biotechnological significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarth B Bhatt
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360005 India
| | - Sangeeta D Gohel
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360005 India
| | - Satya P Singh
- UGC-CAS Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360005 India
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98
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Ponomarenko O, La Porte PF, Singh SP, Langan G, Fleming DEB, Spallholz JE, Alauddin M, Ahsan H, Ahmed S, Gailer J, George GN, Pickering IJ. Selenium-mediated arsenic excretion in mammals: a synchrotron-based study of whole-body distribution and tissue-specific chemistry. Metallomics 2017; 9:1585-1595. [PMID: 29058732 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00201g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Arsenicosis, a syndrome caused by ingestion of arsenic contaminated drinking water, currently affects millions of people in South-East Asia and elsewhere. Previous animal studies revealed that the toxicity of arsenite essentially can be abolished if selenium is co-administered as selenite. Although subsequent studies have provided some insight into the biomolecular basis of this striking antagonism, many details of the biochemical pathways that ultimately result in the detoxification and excretion of arsenic using selenium supplements have yet to be thoroughly studied. To this end and in conjunction with the recent Phase III clinical trial "Selenium in the Treatment of Arsenic Toxicity and Cancers", we have applied synchrotron X-ray techniques to elucidate the mechanisms of this arsenic-selenium antagonism at the tissue and organ levels using an animal model. X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) of cryo-dried whole-body sections of laboratory hamsters that had been injected with arsenite, selenite, or both chemical species, provided insight into the distribution of both metalloids 30 minutes after treatment. Co-treated animals showed strong co-localization of arsenic and selenium in the liver, gall bladder and small intestine. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) of freshly frozen organs of co-treated animals revealed the presence in liver tissues of the seleno bis-(S-glutathionyl) arsinium ion, which was rapidly excreted via bile into the intestinal tract. These results firmly support the previously postulated hepatobiliary excretion of the seleno bis-(S-glutathionyl) arsinium ion by providing the first data pertaining to organs of whole animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olena Ponomarenko
- Molecular and Environmental Science Research Group, Department of Geological Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E2, Canada.
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Kedia S, Sharma R, Makharia GK, Ahuja V, Desai D, Kandasamy D, Eapen A, Ganesan K, Ghoshal UC, Kalra N, Karthikeyan D, Madhusudhan KS, Philip M, Puri AS, Puri S, Sinha SK, Banerjee R, Bhatia S, Bhat N, Dadhich S, Dhali GK, Goswami BD, Issar SK, Jayanthi V, Misra SP, Nijhawan S, Puri P, Sarkar A, Singh SP, Srivastava A, Abraham P, Ramakrishna BS. Imaging of the small intestine in Crohn's disease: Joint position statement of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology and Indian Radiological and Imaging Association. Indian J Gastroenterol 2017; 36:487-508. [PMID: 29307029 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-017-0804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Indian Society of Gastroenterology (ISG) Task Force on Inflammatory Bowel Disease and the Indian Radiological and Imaging Association (IRIA) developed combined ISG-IRIA evidence-based best-practice guidelines for imaging of the small intestine in patients with suspected or known Crohn's disease. These 29 position statements, developed through a modified Delphi process, are intended to serve as reference for teaching, clinical practice, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh Kedia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Raju Sharma
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Govind K Makharia
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India.
| | - Vineet Ahuja
- Department of Gastroenterology and Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Devendra Desai
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Sawarkar Marg, Mumbai, 400 016, India
| | - Devasenathipathy Kandasamy
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110 029, India
| | - Anu Eapen
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Christian Medical College, Vellore, 632 004, India
| | - Karthik Ganesan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Sir H N Reliance Foundation Hospital and Research Centre, Prarthana Samaj, Raja Rammohan Roy Road, Mumbai, 400 004, India
| | - Uday C Ghoshal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India
| | - Naveen Kalra
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160 012, India
| | - D Karthikeyan
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Salai, Vadapalani, Chennai, 600 026, India
| | | | - Mathew Philip
- Department of Gastroenterology, PVS Memorial Hospital, Kochi, 682 017, India
| | - Amarender Singh Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110 002, India
| | - Sunil Puri
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, GB Pant Institute of Medical Education and Research, 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Marg, New Delhi, 110 002, India
| | - Saroj K Sinha
- Department of Gastroenterology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, 160 012, India
| | - Rupa Banerjee
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, 6-3-661, Somajiguda, Hyderabad, 500 082, India
| | - Shobna Bhatia
- Department of Gastroenterology, KEM Hospital, Acharya Donde Marg, Parel, Mumbai, 400 012, India
| | - Naresh Bhat
- Department of Gastroenterology, Aster CMI Hospital, 43/2, New Airport Road, NH.7, Sahakara Nagar, Bengaluru, 560 092, India
| | - Sunil Dadhich
- Department of Gastroenterology, SN Medical College, Residency Road, Shastri Nagar, Jodhpur, 342 003, India
| | - G K Dhali
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, 700 020, India
| | - B D Goswami
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guwahati Medical College, GMC Hospital Road, Bhangagarh, Guwahati, 781 032, India
| | - S K Issar
- Department of Gastroenterology, Jawaharlal Nehru Hospital and Research Centre, Hospital Sector, Bhilai, 490 009, India
| | - V Jayanthi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Gleneagles Global Hospitals, 439, Cheran Nagar, Perumbakkam, Chennai, 600 100, India
| | - S P Misra
- Department of Gastroenterology, MLN Medical College, Allahabad, 211 002, India
| | - Sandeep Nijhawan
- Department of Gastroenterology, SMS Medical College, J L N. Marg, Jaipur, 302 004, India
| | - Pankaj Puri
- Department of Gastroenterology, Military Hospital, Cantt Area, Jodhpur, 342 006, India
| | - Avik Sarkar
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, School of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Institute of Post Graduate Medical, Education and Research, Kolkata, 700 020, India
| | - S P Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, SCB Medical College, Dock Road, Manglabag, Cuttack, 753 007, India
| | - Anshu Srivastava
- Department of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, 226 014, India
| | - Philip Abraham
- Division of Gastroenterology, P D Hinduja Hospital and Medical Research Centre, Veer Sawarkar Marg, Mumbai, 400 016, India
| | - B S Ramakrishna
- Institute of Gastroenterology, SRM Institutes for Medical Science, 1, Jawaharlal Nehru Salai, Vadapalani, Chennai, 600 026, India
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Singh SP, Alam H, Dmello C, Mamgain H, Vaidya MM, Dasari RR, Krishna CM. Identification of morphological and biochemical changes in keratin-8/18 knock-down cells using Raman spectroscopy. J Biophotonics 2017; 10:1377-1384. [PMID: 28067994 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 12/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Accurate understanding of cellular processes and responses to stimuli is of paramount importance in biomedical research and diagnosis. Raman spectroscopy (RS), a label-free and nondestructive spectroscopic method has the potential to serve as a novel 'theranostics' tool. Both fiber-optic and micro-Raman studies have demonstrated efficacy in diagnostics and therapeutic response monitoring. In the present study, we have evaluated the potential of micro-Raman spectroscopic maps in identifying changes induced by loss of K8/18 proteins in a tongue cancer cell line. Furthermore, we also evaluated the efficacy of less expensive and commercially available fiber probes to identify K8/18 wild and knock-down cell pellets, in view of the utility of cell pellet-based studies. The findings suggest that major differences in the cellular morphology and biochemical composition can be objectively identified and can be utilized for classification using both micro-Raman and fiber-probe-based RS. These findings highlight the potential of fiber-optic probe-based RS in noninvasive cellular phenotyping for diagnosis and therapeutic response monitoring, especially in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- S P Singh
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Hunain Alam
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Crismita Dmello
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | | | - Milind M Vaidya
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
| | - Ramachandra Rao Dasari
- Laser Biomedical Research Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - C Murali Krishna
- Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research & Education in Cancer (ACTREC), Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai, 410210, India
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