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Nascimento L, Gasi F, Landers R, da Silva Sobrinho A, Aragão E, Fraga M, Petraconi G, Chiappim W, Pessoa R. Physicochemical Studies on the Surface of Polyamide 6.6 Fabrics Functionalized by DBD Plasmas Operated at Atmospheric and Sub-Atmospheric Pressures. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2128. [PMID: 32961866 PMCID: PMC7569831 DOI: 10.3390/polym12092128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This work proposes the use of a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor operating at atmospheric pressure (AP) using air and sub-atmospheric pressure (SAP) using air or argon to treat polyamide 6.6 (PA6.6) fabrics. Here, plasma dosages corresponding to 37.5 kW·min·m-2 for AP and 7.5 kW·min·m-2 for SAP in air or argon were used. The hydrophilicity aging effect property of untreated and DBD-treated PA6.6 samples was evaluated from the apparent contact angle. The surface changes in physical microstructure were studied by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). To prove the changes in chemical functional groups in the fibers, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used, and the change in surface bonds was evaluated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). In addition, the whiteness effect was investigated by the color spectrophotometry (Datacolor) technique. The results showed that the increase in surface roughness by the SAP DBD treatment contributed to a decrease in and maintenance of the hydrophilicity of PA6.6 fabrics for longer. The SAP DBD in air treatment promoted an enhancement of the aging effect with a low plasma dosage (5-fold reduction compared with AP DBD treatment). Finally, the SAP DBD treatment using argon functionalizes the fabric surface more efficiently than DBD treatments in air.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Nascimento
- Laboratório de Plasmas e Processos, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos 12228-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Fernando Gasi
- Centro de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), São Bernardo do Campo 09210-170, Brazil;
| | - Richard Landers
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin (IFGW), Universidade Estadual Paulista (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-859, Brazil;
| | - Argemiro da Silva Sobrinho
- Laboratório de Plasmas e Processos, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos 12228-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - Eduardo Aragão
- Campus Integrado de Manufatura e Tecnologias, SENAI Cimatec, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil;
| | - Mariana Fraga
- Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia (ICT), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São José dos Campos 12231-280, Brazil;
| | - Gilberto Petraconi
- Laboratório de Plasmas e Processos, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos 12228-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.S.); (G.P.)
| | - William Chiappim
- i3N, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro, Campus Santiago, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo Pessoa
- Laboratório de Plasmas e Processos, Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA), São José dos Campos 12228-900, Brazil; (A.d.S.S.); (G.P.)
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Shin JG, Shin BJ, Jung EY, Park CS, Kim JY, Tae HS. Effects of a Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) on Characteristics of Polyaniline Nanoparticles Synthesized by a Solution Plasma Process with an Ar Gas Bubble Channel. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12091939. [PMID: 32867312 PMCID: PMC7564976 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The quality of polyaniline nanoparticles (PANI NPs) synthesized in plasma polymerization depends on the discharge characteristics of a solution plasma process (SPP). In this paper, the low temperature dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) is introduced to minimize the destruction of aniline molecules induced by the direct current (DC) spark discharge. By adopting the new electrode structure coupled with a gas channel, a low temperature DBD is successfully implemented in a SPP, for the first time, thus inducing an effective interaction between the Ar plasma and aniline monomer. We examine the effects of a low temperature DBD on characteristics of polyaniline nanoparticles synthesized by a SPP with an Ar gas bubble channel. As a result, both carbonization of aniline monomer and erosion of the electrode are significantly reduced, which is confirmed by analyses of the synthesized PANI NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Goo Shin
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-G.S.); (E.Y.J.)
| | - Bhum Jae Shin
- Department of Electronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, Korea;
| | - Eun Young Jung
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-G.S.); (E.Y.J.)
| | - Choon-Sang Park
- Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering, College of Engineering, Kansas State University, Manhattan, NY 66506, USA;
| | - Jae Young Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology, Daegu 42988, Korea;
| | - Heung-Sik Tae
- School of Electronics Engineering, College of IT Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (J.-G.S.); (E.Y.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-950-6563
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Xin Y, Wen X, Hamblin MR, Jiang X. Transdermal delivery of topical lidocaine in a mouse model is enhanced by treatment with cold atmospheric plasma. J Cosmet Dermatol 2020; 20:626-635. [PMID: 32593230 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.13581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Topical anesthetics are widely used in dermatology and cosmetology to alleviate the pain from nonsurgical cosmetic procedures, while the transdermal drug delivery is limited by the skin barrier. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a potential approach used for skin pretreatment to enhance transdermal delivery of topical medications. AIMS To assess the efficacy of CAP as a pretreatment to improve the transdermal delivery of topical anesthetic. METHODS First, we conducted ex vivo permeation studies on 30 mice with a Franz cell diffusion experiment. CAP irradiations of different intensity and duration were pretreated on the epidermal layer of mice before topical lidocaine applied, with the control group received no pretreatment. The amount of drug penetrated through the skin and drug flux were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. Then, we treated 3 living mice with CAP followed by application of methylene blue cream (MB) and used skin biopsies to measure penetration depth by microscope. Last, we measured the transepidermal water loss (TEWL) of mouse skin in vivo before and after CAP treatment to observe its effect on the skin barrier function. RESULTS In the permeation study, the transdermal flux of lidocaine was enhanced to 1.97 times of the control samples by CAP pretreatment. We also observed that the accumulative amount of lidocaine varied with the duration of the CAP treatment in a biphasic manner. In the MB penetration study, significant amount of MB deposition was observed under the epidermis and deeper parts of the skin after CAP pretreatment compared with the control sample. A sharp increase in TEWL value was observed directly after the CAP treatment, but 30 minutes later, it began to decrease and recovered to baseline in the next 3 hours, indicating that the skin barrier property had been changed reversibly. CONCLUSIONS Our studies suggested that the transdermal absorption of topical lidocaine can be efficiently and safely enhanced by pretreatment of the skin with CAP. We believe that CAP could be used as an assistance to improve analgesia in dermatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xin
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang Wen
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Michael R Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein, South Africa
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Getnet TG, da Silva GF, S. Duarte I, Kayama ME, Rangel EC, Cruz NC. Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition of Carvacrol Thin Films on Stainless Steel to Reduce the Formation of E. Coli and S. Aureus Biofilms. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E3166. [PMID: 32679884 PMCID: PMC7411687 DOI: 10.3390/ma13143166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we have investigated the deposition of thin films from natural carvacrol extract using dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma polymerization, aiming at the inhibition of bacteria adhesion and proliferation. The films deposited on stainless steel samples have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared reflectance-absorbance spectroscopy, profilometry, and contact angle measurements. Films with thicknesses ranging from 1.5 μm to 3.5 μm presented a chemical structure similar to that of carvacrol. While the formation of biofilm was observed on untreated samples, the coating completely inhibited the adhesion of E. coli and reduced the adhesion of S. aureus biofilm in more than 90%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegaye Gashaw Getnet
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, São Paulo State University, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil; (T.G.G.); (E.C.R.)
- Department of Chemistry, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar 79, Ethiopia
| | - Gabriela F. da Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil; (G.F.d.S.); (I.S.D.)
| | - Iolanda S. Duarte
- Laboratory of Environmental Microbiology, Federal University of Sao Carlos, Sorocaba 18052-780, SP, Brazil; (G.F.d.S.); (I.S.D.)
| | - Milton E. Kayama
- Laboratory of Plasmas and Applications, São Paulo State University, Guaratinguetá 12516-410, SP, Brazil; or
| | - Elidiane C. Rangel
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, São Paulo State University, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil; (T.G.G.); (E.C.R.)
| | - Nilson C. Cruz
- Laboratory of Technological Plasmas, São Paulo State University, Sorocaba 18087-180, SP, Brazil; (T.G.G.); (E.C.R.)
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Kosobrodova E, Kondyurin A, Solodko V, Weiss AS, McKenzie DR, Bilek MMM. Covalent Biofunctionalization of the Inner Surfaces of a Hollow-Fiber Capillary Bundle Using Packed-Bed Plasma Ion Implantation. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:32163-32174. [PMID: 32531163 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hollow-fiber capillary bundles are widely used in the production of medical devices for blood oxygenation and purification purposes such as in cardiopulmonary bypass, hemodialysis, and hemofiltration, but the blood interfacing inner surfaces of these capillaries provide poor hemocompatibility. Here, we present a novel method of packed-bed plasma ion implantation (PBPII) for the modification of the inner surfaces of polymeric hollow-fiber bundles enclosed in a cassette. The method is simple and can be performed on an intact hollow-fiber bundle cassette by the placement of a hollow cylindrical electrode, connected to a negative high-voltage pulse generator, around the cassette. The method does not require the insertion of electrodes inside the capillaries or the cassette. Nitrogen gas is fed into the capillaries inside the cassette by connecting the inlet of the cassette to a gas source. Upon the application of negative high-voltage bias pulses to the electrode, plasma is ignited inside the cassette, achieving the surface modification of both the internal and external surfaces of the capillaries. Fourier transform infrared-attenuated total reflectance spectroscopy of the PBPII-treated capillaries revealed the formation of aromatic C═C bonds, indicating the progressive carbonization of the capillary surfaces. The PBPII treatment was found to be uniform along the capillaries and independent of the radial position in the cassette. Atomic force microscopy of cross sections through the capillaries revealed that the increased stiffness associated with the carbonized layer on the inner surface of the PBPII-treated capillary has a depth (∼40 nm) consistent with that expected for ions accelerated by the applied bias voltage. The modified internal surfaces of the capillary bundle showed a greatly increased wettability and could be biofunctionalized by covalently immobilizing protein directly from the buffer solution. The direct, reagent-free protein immobilization was demonstrated using tropoelastin as an example protein. Covalent binding of the protein was confirmed by its resistance to removal by hot sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent washing, which is known to disrupt physical binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kosobrodova
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Alexey Kondyurin
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Vladislav Solodko
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - David R McKenzie
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Marcela M M Bilek
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
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Liu J, Zhou Y, Yi K, Zhang S, Shao T, Zhang C, Chu B. Effect of Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Treatment on the Dielectric Properties of Poly(vinylidene fluoride)(PVDF)-Based Copolymer. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12061370. [PMID: 32570697 PMCID: PMC7362176 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of dielectric breakdown is important for improving the breakdown field of a polymer. In this work, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) treatment was applied to one surface of P(VDF-CTFE) (vinylidene fluoride-chlorotrifluoroethylene) film, and the dielectric properties of the film were studied. When the treated surface was connected to the high potential side of the power source for the breakdown test, the breakdown field of the treated film was significantly reduced compared to that of the pristine film. Based on the characterization results for the surface chemistry and morphology, it was proposed that the phenomenon was caused by the combined effects of hole injection from the metal electrode and the damage of polymer chains near the surface of the polymer film after the DBD treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (K.Y.)
| | - Yang Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (K.Y.)
| | - Kewang Yi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (K.Y.)
| | - Shihai Zhang
- Strategic Polymer Sciences, Inc., 200 Innovation Boulevard, State College, PA 16803, USA;
| | - Tao Shao
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (T.S.); (C.Z.)
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China; (T.S.); (C.Z.)
| | - Baojin Chu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Materials for Energy Conversion and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China; (J.L.); (Y.Z.); (K.Y.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0551-6360-7397
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Lapenna A, Fanelli F, Fracassi F, Armenise V, Angarano V, Palazzo G, Mallardi A. Direct Exposure of Dry Enzymes to Atmospheric Pressure Non-Equilibrium Plasmas: The Case of Tyrosinase. Materials (Basel) 2020; 13:E2181. [PMID: 32397486 DOI: 10.3390/ma13092181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The direct interaction of atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasmas with tyrosinase (Tyr) was investigated under typical conditions used in surface processing. Specifically, Tyr dry deposits were exposed to dielectric barrier discharges (DBDs) fed with helium, helium/oxygen, and helium/ethylene mixtures, and effects on enzyme functionality were evaluated. First of all, results show that DBDs have a measurable impact on Tyr only when experiments were carried out using very low enzyme amounts. An appreciable decrease in Tyr activity was observed upon exposure to oxygen-containing DBD. Nevertheless, the combined use of X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and white-light vertical scanning interferometry revealed that, in this reactive environment, Tyr deposits displayed remarkable etching resistance, reasonably conferred by plasma-induced changes in their surface chemical composition as well as by their coffee-ring structure. Ethylene-containing DBDs were used to coat tyrosinase with a hydrocarbon polymer film, in order to obtain its immobilization. In particular, it was found that Tyr activity can be fully retained by properly adjusting thin film deposition conditions. All these findings enlighten a high stability of dry enzymes in various plasma environments and open new opportunities for the use of atmospheric pressure non-equilibrium plasmas in enzyme immobilization strategies.
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Ribeiro AI, Modic M, Cvelbar U, Dinescu G, Mitu B, Nikiforov A, Leys C, Kuchakova I, De Vrieze M, Felgueiras HP, Souto AP, Zille A. Effect of Dispersion Solvent on the Deposition of PVP-Silver Nanoparticles onto DBD PlasmaTreated Polyamide 6,6 Fabric and Its Antimicrobial Efficiency. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2020; 10:nano10040607. [PMID: 32224934 PMCID: PMC7221693 DOI: 10.3390/nano10040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated silver nanoparticles (PVP-AgNPs) dispersed in ethanol, water and water/alginate were used to functionalize untreated and dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma-treated polyamide 6,6 fabric (PA66). The PVP-AgNPs dispersions were deposited onto PA66 by spray and exhaustion methods. The exhaustion method showed a higher amount of deposited AgNPs. Water and water-alginate dispersions presented similar results. Ethanol amphiphilic character showed more affinity to AgNPs and PA66 fabric, allowing better uniform surface distribution of nanoparticles. Antimicrobial effect in E. coli showed good results in all the samples obtained by exhaustion method but using spray method only the DBD plasma treated samples displayed antimicrobial activity (log reduction of 5). Despite the better distribution achieved using ethanol as a solvent, water dispersion samples with DBD plasma treatment displayed better antimicrobial activity against S. aureus bacteria in both exhaustion (log reduction of 1.9) and spray (methods log reduction of 1.6) due to the different oxidation states of PA66 surface interacting with PVP-AgNPs, as demonstrated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) analysis. Spray method using the water-suspended PVP-AgNPs onto DBD plasma-treated samples is much faster, less agglomerating and uses 10 times less PVP-AgNPs dispersion than the exhaustion method to obtain an antimicrobial effect in both S. aureus and E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana I. Ribeiro
- 2C2T - Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (A.I.R.); (H.P.F.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Martina Modic
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.M.); (U.C.)
| | - Uros Cvelbar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.M.); (U.C.)
| | - Gheorghe Dinescu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Strada Atomiștilor 409, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (G.D.); (B.M.)
| | - Bogdana Mitu
- National Institute for Lasers, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Strada Atomiștilor 409, 077125 Măgurele, Romania; (G.D.); (B.M.)
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Centexbel Ghent, Technologie Park 7, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (A.N.); (C.L.); (I.K.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Christophe Leys
- Centexbel Ghent, Technologie Park 7, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (A.N.); (C.L.); (I.K.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Iryna Kuchakova
- Centexbel Ghent, Technologie Park 7, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (A.N.); (C.L.); (I.K.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Mike De Vrieze
- Centexbel Ghent, Technologie Park 7, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; (A.N.); (C.L.); (I.K.); (M.D.V.)
| | - Helena P. Felgueiras
- 2C2T - Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (A.I.R.); (H.P.F.); (A.P.S.)
| | - António P. Souto
- 2C2T - Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (A.I.R.); (H.P.F.); (A.P.S.)
| | - Andrea Zille
- 2C2T - Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia Têxtil, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (A.I.R.); (H.P.F.); (A.P.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Egghe T, Cools P, Van Guyse JFR, Asadian M, Khalenkow D, Nikiforov A, Declercq H, Skirtach AG, Morent R, Hoogenboom R, De Geyter N. Water-Stable Plasma-Polymerized N, N-Dimethylacrylamide Coatings to Control Cellular Adhesion. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:2116-2128. [PMID: 31834769 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The plasma polymerization of amide-based precursors is a nearly unexplored research area, which is in contrast with the abundance of reports focusing on amide-based surface modification using wet chemistry. Therefore, this study aims to profoundly investigate the near-atmospheric pressure plasma polymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAM) to obtain stable coatings. In contrast to the unstable coatings obtained at lower discharge powers, the stable coatings that were obtained at higher powers showed a lower hydrophilicity as assessed by water contact angle (WCA). This decrease in hydrophilicity with increasing plasma power was found to be related to a reduced preservation of the monomer structure, as observed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and XPS C60 depth profiling, a rarely used but effective combination of techniques. Furthermore, the chemical composition of the coating was found to be in good agreement with the plasma active species observed by optical emission spectroscopy. Additionally, XPS C60 depth profiling indicated a difference between the top layer and bulk of the plasma polymer due to spontaneous oxidation and/or postplasma coating deposition. Finally, the stable coatings were also found to have cell-interactive behavior toward MC3T3 as studied by in vitro live/dead fluorescence imaging and (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) (MTS) assays. With the latter technique, a cell viability of up to 89% as compared with tissue culture plates after 1 day of cell culture was observed, indicating the potential of these coatings for tissue engineering purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Egghe
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture , Ghent University , Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC) Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Pieter Cools
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture , Ghent University , Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Joachim F R Van Guyse
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC) Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Mahtab Asadian
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture , Ghent University , Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Dmitry Khalenkow
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653 B , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Anton Nikiforov
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture , Ghent University , Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Heidi Declercq
- Tissue Engineering Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Ghent University , Corneel Heymanslaan 10 B3 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , Coupure Links 653 B , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Rino Morent
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture , Ghent University , Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Richard Hoogenboom
- Supramolecular Chemistry Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC) Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences , Ghent University , Krijgslaan 281 S4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Nathalie De Geyter
- Research Unit Plasma Technology (RUPT), Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture , Ghent University , Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41 B4 , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
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Kramer B, Hasse D, Guist S, Schmitt-John T, Muranyi P. Inactivation of bacterial endospores on surfaces by plasma processed air. J Appl Microbiol 2019; 128:920-933. [PMID: 31758752 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS In case of biological hazards and pandemics, personal protective equipment of rescue forces is currently manually decontaminated with harmful disinfectants, primarily peracetic acid. To overcome current drawbacks regarding supply, handling and disposal of chemicals, the use of plasma processed air (PPA) represents a promising alternative for surface decontamination on site. In this study, the sporicidal efficiency of a portable plasma system, designed for field applications, was evaluated. METHODS AND RESULTS The developed plasma device is based on a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and operated with ambient air as process gas. PPA from the plasma nozzle was flushed into a treatment chamber (volume: 300 l) and bacterial endospores (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus atrophaeus) dried on different surfaces were treated under variable conditions. Reductions in spores by more than 4 log10 were found within 3 min of PPA exposure. However, the presence of endospores in agglomerates or in an organic matrix as well as the complexity of the respective surface microstructure negatively affected the inactivation efficiency. When endospores were embedded in a dried protein matrix, mechanical wiping with swabs during exposure to PPA increased the inactivation effect significantly. Gaseous ozone alone did not provide a sporicidal effect. Significant spore inactivation was only obtained when water vapour was injected into the PPA stream. CONCLUSION The results show that endospores dried on surfaces can be reduced by several orders of magnitude within few minutes in a treatment chamber which is flushed with PPA from of a DBD plasma nozzle. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Plasma processed air generated on site by DBD plasma nozzles could be a suitable alternative for the disinfection of various surfaces in closed rooms.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Kramer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Freising, Germany
| | - D Hasse
- Plasmatreat GmbH, Steinhagen, Germany
| | - S Guist
- Plasmatreat GmbH, Steinhagen, Germany
| | | | - P Muranyi
- Fraunhofer Institute for Process Engineering and Packaging, Freising, Germany
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61
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Umair M, Jabbar S, Senan AM, Sultana T, Nasiru MM, Shah AA, Zhuang H, Jianhao Z. Influence of Combined Effect of Ultra-Sonication and High-Voltage Cold Plasma Treatment on Quality Parameters of Carrot Juice. Foods 2019; 8:foods8110593. [PMID: 31752440 PMCID: PMC6915544 DOI: 10.3390/foods8110593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Influence of the combined effect of ultra-sonication (US) and high-voltage cold plasma treatment (HVCP) on the quality parameters of fresh carrot juice has been studied. During the treatment of ultra-sonication, carrot juice was subjected to a 0.5 inch probe for 3 min by adjusting the pulse duration 5 s on and off at 20 kHz frequency, amplitude level 80%. The ultrasound intensity was measured by using a thermocouple and was 46 Wcm−2. The temperature was maintained at 10 °C by an automatic control unit. During the treatment of HVCP, carrot juice was then subjected to dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma discharge at 70 kV voltage for 4 min. Significant increases were observed when HVCP treated carrot juice was tested against total carotenoids, lycopene, and lutein when compared to the control treatments. Moreover, this increase was raised to its highest in all pigments, chlorogenic acid, sugar contents, and mineral profile, as the results of ultra-sonication when combined with high voltage atmospheric cold plasma (US-HVCP). Whereas, a significant decreased was observed in Mg, total plate count, yeast, and mold after US-HVCP treatment. Furthermore, results indicated that the combined effect of US-HVCP treatment has improved the quality and led to a higher concentration of lycopene, lutein, chlorogenic acid, and mineral compounds (Na, K, and P). Therefore, the findings of the current study suggested that US-HVCP treatment is a novel combined technique that could provide better quality and more stability during the processing of carrot juice with better physicochemical properties and bio-available nutrients, so this novel processing technique could serve as an alternative to traditional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Umair
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; (M.U.); (A.M.S.); (M.M.N.)
| | - Saqib Jabbar
- Food Science Research Institute (FSRI), National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad 44000, Pakistan;
| | - Ahmed M. Senan
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; (M.U.); (A.M.S.); (M.M.N.)
| | - Tayyaba Sultana
- College of Public Administration, Nanjing Agriculture University Nanjing, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Mustapha M. Nasiru
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; (M.U.); (A.M.S.); (M.M.N.)
| | - Assar A Shah
- National Forage Breeding Innovation Base, Institute of Animal Science, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing 210014, Jiangsu, China;
| | - Hong Zhuang
- Quality & Safety Assessment Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Athens, GA 30605, USA;
| | - Zhang Jianhao
- National Center of Meat Quality and Safety Control, Synergetic Innovation Center of Food Safety and Nutrition, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China; (M.U.); (A.M.S.); (M.M.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-25-8439-9096
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62
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Bulson JM, Liveris D, Derkatch I, Friedman G, Geliebter J, Park S, Singh S, Zemel M, Tiwari RK. Non-thermal atmospheric plasma treatment of onychomycosis in an in vitro human nail model. Mycoses 2019; 63:225-232. [PMID: 31677288 PMCID: PMC7003814 DOI: 10.1111/myc.13030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Onychomycosis affects almost 6% of the world population. Topical azoles and systemic antifungal agents are of low efficacy and can have undesirable side effects. An effective, non-invasive therapy for onychomycosis is an unmet clinical need. OBJECTIVE Determine the efficacy threshold of non-thermal atmospheric plasma (NTAP) to treat onychomycosis in an in vitro model. METHODS A novel toe/nail-plate model using cadaver nails and agarose media inoculated with Candida albicans was exposed to a range of NTAP doses. RESULTS Direct exposure of C albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes to 12 minutes of NTAP results in complete killing at doses of 39 and 15 kPulses, respectively. Onset of reduced viability of C albicans to NTAP treatment through the nail plate occurs at 64 kPulses with 10× and 100× reduction at 212 and 550 kPulses, respectively. CONCLUSIONS NTAP is an effective, non-invasive therapeutic approach to onychomycosis that should be evaluated in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dionysios Liveris
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | | | - Gary Friedman
- MOE Medical Devices LLC, Valhalla, NY, USA.,Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Sin Park
- MOE Medical Devices LLC, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Sarnath Singh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Marc Zemel
- MOE Medical Devices LLC, Valhalla, NY, USA
| | - Raj K Tiwari
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY, USA
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63
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Nowicka AB, Czaplicka M, Kowalska AA, Szymborski T, Kamińska A. Flexible PET/ITO/Ag SERS Platform for Label-Free Detection of Pesticides. Biosensors (Basel) 2019; 9:E111. [PMID: 31546934 PMCID: PMC6784364 DOI: 10.3390/bios9030111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We show a new type of elastic surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) platform made of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) covered with a layer of indium tin oxide (ITO). This composite is subjected to dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) that develops the active surface of the PET/ITO foil. To enhance the Raman signal, a modified composite was covered with a thin layer of silver using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) technique. The SERS platform was used for measurements of para-mercaptobenzoic acid (p-MBA) and popular pesticides, i.e., Thiram and Carbaryl. The detection and identification of pesticides on the surface of fruits and vegetables is a crucial issue due to extensive use of those chemical substances for plant fungicide and insecticide protection. Therefore, the developed PET/ITO/Ag SERS platform was dedicated to quantitative analysis of selected pesticides, i.e., Thiram and Carbaryl from fruits. The presented SERS platform exhibits excellent enhancement and reproducibility of the Raman signal, which enables the trace analysis of these pesticides in the range up to their maximum residues limit. Based on the constructed calibration curves, the pesticide concentrations from the skin of apples was estimated as 2.5 µg/mL and 0.012 µg/mL for Thiram and Carbaryl, respectively. Additionally, the PET/ITO/Ag SERS platform satisfies other spectroscopic properties required for trace pesticide analysis e.g., ease, cost-effective method of preparation, and specially designed physical properties, especially flexibility and transparency, that broaden the sampling versatility to irregular surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariadna B Nowicka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Czaplicka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Aneta A Kowalska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Szymborski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Kamińska
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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64
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Biscop E, Lin A, Boxem WV, Loenhout JV, Backer J, Deben C, Dewilde S, Smits E, Bogaerts AA. Influence of Cell Type and Culture Medium on Determining Cancer Selectivity of Cold Atmospheric Plasma Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1287. [PMID: 31480642 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing the selectivity of cancer treatments is attractive, as it has the potential to reduce side-effects of therapy. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is a novel cancer treatment that disrupts the intracellular oxidative balance. Several reports claim CAP treatment to be selective, but retrospective analysis of these studies revealed discrepancies in several biological factors and culturing methods. Before CAP can be conclusively stated as a selective cancer treatment, the importance of these factors must be investigated. In this study, we evaluated the influence of the cell type, cancer type, and cell culture medium on direct and indirect CAP treatment. Comparison of cancerous cells with their non-cancerous counterparts was performed under standardized conditions to determine selectivity of treatment. Analysis of seven human cell lines (cancerous: A549, U87, A375, and Malme-3M; non-cancerous: BEAS-2B, HA, and HEMa) and five different cell culture media (DMEM, RPMI1640, AM, BEGM, and DCBM) revealed that the tested parameters strongly influence indirect CAP treatment, while direct treatment was less affected. Taken together, the results of our study demonstrate that cell type, cancer type, and culturing medium must be taken into account before selectivity of CAP treatment can be claimed and overlooking these parameters can easily result in inaccurate conclusions of selectivity.
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65
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Krewing M, Stepanek JJ, Cremers C, Lackmann JW, Schubert B, Müller A, Awakowicz P, Leichert LIO, Jakob U, Bandow JE. The molecular chaperone Hsp33 is activated by atmospheric-pressure plasma protecting proteins from aggregation. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20180966. [PMID: 31213177 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2018.0966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-equilibrium atmospheric-pressure plasmas are an alternative means to sterilize and disinfect. Plasma-mediated protein aggregation has been identified as one of the mechanisms responsible for the antibacterial features of plasma. Heat shock protein 33 (Hsp33) is a chaperone with holdase function that is activated when oxidative stress and unfolding conditions coincide. In its active form, it binds unfolded proteins and prevents their aggregation. Here we analyse the influence of plasma on the structure and function of Hsp33 of Escherichia coli using a dielectric barrier discharge plasma. While most other proteins studied so far were rapidly inactivated by atmospheric-pressure plasma, exposure to plasma activated Hsp33. Both, oxidation of cysteine residues and partial unfolding of Hsp33 were observed after plasma treatment. Plasma-mediated activation of Hsp33 was reversible by reducing agents, indicating that cysteine residues critical for regulation of Hsp33 activity were not irreversibly oxidized. However, the reduction yielded a protein that did not regain its original fold. Nevertheless, a second round of plasma treatment resulted again in a fully active protein that was unfolded to an even higher degree. These conformational states were not previously observed after chemical activation with HOCl. Thus, although we could detect the formation of HOCl in the liquid phase during plasma treatment, we conclude that other species must be involved in plasma activation of Hsp33. E. coli cells over-expressing the Hsp33-encoding gene hslO from a plasmid showed increased survival rates when treated with plasma while an hslO deletion mutant was hypersensitive emphasizing the importance of protein aggregation as an inactivation mechanism of plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Krewing
- 1 Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Jennifer Janina Stepanek
- 1 Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Claudia Cremers
- 4 Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Jan-Wilm Lackmann
- 1 Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Britta Schubert
- 1 Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Alexandra Müller
- 2 Microbial Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Peter Awakowicz
- 3 Electrical Engineering and Plasma Technology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Sciences, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Lars I O Leichert
- 2 Microbial Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Ursula Jakob
- 4 Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, MI , USA
| | - Julia E Bandow
- 1 Applied Microbiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
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66
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Taheraslani M, Gardeniers H. High-Resolution SEM and EDX Characterization of Deposits Formed by CH₄+Ar DBD Plasma Processing in a Packed Bed Reactor. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9040589. [PMID: 30974810 PMCID: PMC6523143 DOI: 10.3390/nano9040589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The deposits formed during the DBD plasma conversion of CH4 were characterized by high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HRSEM) and energy dispersive X-ray elemental analysis (EDX) for both cases of a non-packed reactor and a packed reactor. For the non-packed plasma reactor, a layer of deposits was formed on the dielectric surface. HRSEM images in combination with EDX and CHN elemental analysis of this layer revealed that the deposits are made of a polymer-like layer with a high content of hydrogen (60 at%), possessing an amorphous structure. For the packed reactor, γ-alumina, Pd/γ-alumina, BaTiO3, silica-SBA-15, MgO/Al2O3, and α-alumina were used as the packing materials inside the DBD discharges. Carbon-rich agglomerates were formed on the γ-alumina after exposure to plasma. The EDX mapping furthermore indicated the carbon-rich areas in the structure. In contrast, the formation of agglomerates was not observed for Pd-loaded γ-alumina. This was ascribed to the presence of Pd, which enhances the hydrogenation of deposit precursors, and leads to a significantly lower amount of deposits. It was further found that the structure of all other plasma-processed materials, including MgO/Al2O3, silica-SBA-15, BaTiO3, and α-alumina, undergoes morphological changes. These alterations appeared in the forms of the generation of new pores (voids) in the structure, as well as the moderation of the surface roughness towards a smoother surface after the plasma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Taheraslani
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
- Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
| | - Han Gardeniers
- Mesoscale Chemical Systems, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
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Li J, Zhang H, Ying D, Wang Y, Sun T, Jia J. In Plasma Catalytic Oxidation of Toluene Using Monolith CuO Foam as a Catalyst in a Wedged High Voltage Electrode Dielectric Barrier Discharge Reactor: Influence of Reaction Parameters and Byproduct Control. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019; 16:E711. [PMID: 30818848 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16050711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emission from anthropogenic sources has becoming increasingly serious in recent decades owing to the substantial contribution to haze formation and adverse health impact. To tackle this issue, various physical and chemical techniques are applied to eliminate VOC emissions so as to reduce atmospheric pollution. Among these methods, non-thermal plasma (NTP) is receiving increasing attention for the higher removal efficiency, non-selectivity, and moderate operation, whereas the unwanted producing of NO2 and O3 remains important drawback. In this study, a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor with wedged high voltage electrode coupled CuO foam in an in plasma catalytic (IPC) system was developed to remove toluene as the target VOC. The monolith CuO foam exhibits advantages of easy installation and controllable of IPC length. The influencing factors of IPC reaction were studied. Results showed stronger and more stable plasma discharge in the presence of CuO foam in DBD reactor. Enhanced performance was observed in IPC reaction for both of toluene conversion rate and CO2 selectivity compared to the sole NTP process at the same input energy. The longer the contributed IPC length, the higher the toluene removal efficiency. The toluene degradation mechanism under IPC condition was speculated. The producing of NO2 and O3 under IPC process were effectively removed using Na2SO3 bubble absorption.
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68
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Xu W, Lin K, Ye D, Jiang X, Liu J, Chen Y. Performance of Toluene Removal in a Nonthermal Plasma Catalysis System over Flake-Like HZSM-5 Zeolite with Tunable Pore Size and Evaluation of Its Byproducts. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E290. [PMID: 30791415 DOI: 10.3390/nano9020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of HZSM-5 catalysts were prepared by the chemical liquid-phase deposition method, and low concentration toluene degradation was carried out in an atmospheric pressure dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), SEM, TEM, and N2 adsorption analysis techniques. In addition, several organic contaminants were used to evaluate the adsorption performance of the prepared catalysts, and the effect of pore size on the removal efficiency of toluene and byproduct formation was also investigated. The unmodified HZSM-5 zeolite (Z0) exhibited good performance in toluene removal and CO2 selectivity due to the diffusion resistance of ozone and the amounts of active species (OH• and O•). Meanwhile, the time of flight mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) result showed that there were more byproducts of the benzene ring in the gas phase under the action of small micropore size catalysts. Moreover, the surface byproducts were detected by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS).
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69
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Zhang W, Xu X, Wei F, Zou X, Zhang Y. Influence of Dielectric Barrier Discharge Treatment on Surface Structure of Polyoxymethylene Fiber and Interfacial Interaction with Cement. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E1873. [PMID: 30275396 PMCID: PMC6213650 DOI: 10.3390/ma11101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Polyoxymethylene (POM) fiber was treated with atmospheric dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma to enhance the surface activity of the fiber and interfacial interaction with cement. The physical and chemical properties of samples with different DBD plasma treatment durations were tested and analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed that the surface roughness of the sample increased significantly as a result of the DBD plasma treatment. Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that a large number of ⁻COH and ⁻COOH groups were formed on the surface of the sample after DBD plasma treatment. The hydrophilicity of the POM fiber was greatly improved with the increase in the treatment duration. When the treatment duration was longer than 120 s, the fiber surface contact angle decreased from 90° to 43°. The DBD plasma treatment resulted in a decrease in the tensile strength of the POM fiber, but the increase in the amount of ⁻COH and ⁻COOH on the surface of the POM fiber and the increase in the roughness resulted in an increase in the fiber pull-out bonding strength in cement from 2.15 N to 4.68 N.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Xiao Xu
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Fayun Wei
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Xueshu Zou
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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70
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Post P, Wurlitzer L, Maus-Friedrichs W, Weber AP. Characterization and Applications of Nanoparticles Modified in-Flight with Silica or Silica-Organic Coatings. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:nano8070530. [PMID: 30011892 PMCID: PMC6070814 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles are coated in-flight with a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) process at ambient or elevated temperatures (up to 300 °C). Two silicon precursors, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), are used to produce inorganic silica or silica-organic shells on Pt, Au and TiO2 particles. The morphology of the coated particles is examined with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and the chemical composition is studied with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). It is found that both the precursor and certain core materials have an influence on the coating composition, while other parameters, such as the precursor concentration, aerosol residence time and temperature, influence the morphology, but hardly the chemical composition. The coated particles are used to demonstrate simple applications, such as the modification of the surface wettability of powders and the improvement or hampering of the photocatalytic activity of titania particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Post
- Institute of Particle Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 19, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
| | - Lisa Wurlitzer
- Institute of Energy Research and Physical Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
- Clausthal Centre of Material Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Agricolastraße 2, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Maus-Friedrichs
- Institute of Energy Research and Physical Technologies, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 4, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
- Clausthal Centre of Material Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Agricolastraße 2, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
| | - Alfred P Weber
- Institute of Particle Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstraße 19, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
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71
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Panaitescu DM, Vizireanu S, Nicolae CA, Frone AN, Casarica A, Carpen LG, Dinescu G. Treatment of Nanocellulose by Submerged Liquid Plasma for Surface Functionalization. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2018; 8:E467. [PMID: 29949943 PMCID: PMC6070974 DOI: 10.3390/nano8070467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Revised: 06/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Tailoring the surface properties of nanocellulose to improve the compatibility of components in polymer nanocomposites is of great interest. In this work, dispersions of nanocellulose in water and acetonitrile were functionalized by submerged plasmas, with the aim of increasing the quality of this reinforcing agent in biopolymer composite materials. Both the morphology and surface chemistry of nanocellulose were influenced by the application of a plasma torch and filamentary jet plasma in a liquid suspension of nanocellulose. Depending on the type of plasma source and gas mixture the surface chemistry was modified by the incorporation of oxygen and nitrogen containing functional groups. The treatment conditions which lead to nanocellulose based polymer nanocomposites with superior mechanical properties were identified. This work provides a new eco-friendly method for the surface functionalization of nanocellulose directly in water suspension, thus overcoming the disadvantages of chemical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Mihaela Panaitescu
- Department of Polymer, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Sorin Vizireanu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125 Ilfov, Romania.
| | - Cristian Andi Nicolae
- Department of Polymer, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adriana Nicoleta Frone
- Department of Polymer, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, 202 Spl. Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Angela Casarica
- National Institute for Chemical-Pharmaceutical Research and Development, 112 Calea Vitan, 031299 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Lavinia Gabriela Carpen
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125 Ilfov, Romania.
| | - Gheorghe Dinescu
- National Institute for Laser, Plasma and Radiation Physics, Atomistilor 409, Magurele-Bucharest, 077125 Ilfov, Romania.
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Cools P, Asadian M, Nicolaus W, Declercq H, Morent R, De Geyter N. Surface Treatment of PEOT/PBT (55/45) with a Dielectric Barrier Discharge in Air, Helium, Argon and Nitrogen at Medium Pressure. Materials (Basel) 2018; 11:E391. [PMID: 29518894 DOI: 10.3390/ma11030391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the surface modification of 300PEO-PEOT/PBT 55/45 thin films using a medium pressure dielectric barrier discharge system operated in argon, helium, nitrogen or dry air to improve cell-surface interactions of this established biomaterial. The first part of the paper describes the optimization of the plasma processing parameters using water contact angle goniometry. The optimized samples are then characterized for changes in surface topography and surface chemical composition using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XPS) respectively. For all plasma treatments, a pronounced increase in surface wettability was observed, of which the extent is dependent on the used plasma discharge gas. Except for dry air, only minor changes in surface topography were noted, while XPS confirmed that the changes in wettability were mainly chemical in nature with the incorporation of 5-10% of extra oxygen as a variety of polar groups. Similarly, for the nitrogen plasma, 3.8% of nitrogen polar groups were additionally incorporated. Human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) in vitro analysis showed that within the first 24 h after cell seeding, the effects on cell-surface interactivity were highly dependent on the used discharge gas, nitrogen plasma treatment being the most efficient. Differences between untreated and plasma-treated samples were less pronounced compared to other biodegradable materials, but a positive influence on cell adhesion and proliferation was still observed.
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73
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Fletcher C, Sleeman R, Luke J, Luke P, Bradley JW. Explosive detection using a novel dielectric barrier discharge ionisation source for mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2018; 53:214-222. [PMID: 29212136 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The detection of explosives is of great importance, as is the need for sensitive, reliable techniques that require little or no sample preparation and short run times for high throughput analysis. In this work, a novel ionisation source is presented based on a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD). This not only affects desorption and ionisation but also forms an ionic wind, providing mass transportation of ions towards the mass spectrometer. Furthermore, the design incorporates 2 asymmetric alumina sheets, each containing 3 DBDs, so that a large surface area can be analysed. The DBD operates in ambient air, overcoming the limitation of other plasma-based techniques which typically analyse smaller surface areas and require solvents or gases. A range of explosives across 4 different functional groups was analysed using the DBD with low limits of detection for cyclotrimethylene trinitramine (RDX) (100 pg), pentaerythritol trinitrate (PETN) (100 pg), hexamethylene triperoxide diamide (HMTD) (1 ng), and trinitrotoluene (TNT) (5 ng). Detection was achieved without any sample preparation or the addition of reagents to facilitate adduct formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Fletcher
- Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, Merseyside, UK
| | - Richard Sleeman
- MSA, Mass Spec Analytical Ltd, Filton, BS34 7RP, Bristol, UK
| | - John Luke
- MSA, Mass Spec Analytical Ltd, Filton, BS34 7RP, Bristol, UK
| | - Peter Luke
- MSA, Mass Spec Analytical Ltd, Filton, BS34 7RP, Bristol, UK
| | - James W Bradley
- Electrical Engineering and Electronics, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 3GJ, Merseyside, UK
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74
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Ballout H, Hertel M, Doehring J, Kostka E, Hartwig S, Paris S, Preissner S. Effects of plasma jet, dielectric barrier discharge, photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite on infected curved root canals. J Biophotonics 2018; 11:e201700186. [PMID: 29024574 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201700186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of 2 different cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) sources, photodynamic therapy and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), on infected root canals. Therefore, 50 standardized curved human root canals were infected with Enterococcus faecalis and assigned to 5 groups-negative control (NC), plasma jet (CAP I), dielectric barrier discharge (CAP II), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and NaOCl + passive ultrasonic irrigation-for 30 s. Colony forming units (CFUs) were determined. NaOCl was significantly more effective at reducing CFUs than all test groups (P < .0001 [Mann-Whitney U test]) in both parts of the root canal. CFUs in PDT were significantly lower than those in CAP II (P = .015), and those in CAP I were lower than those in CAP II (P = .05). Among all other groups and in the apical parts, no significant differences were found (P > .05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Husam Ballout
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Hertel
- Department of Oral Medicine, Dental Radiology and Oral Surgery, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jonas Doehring
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckehard Kostka
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Hartwig
- Department for Oral and Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, Johannes Wesling Hospital Minden, University Hospital of the Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Sebastian Paris
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Saskia Preissner
- Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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75
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Park JY, Park S, Choe W, Yong HI, Jo C, Kim K. Plasma-Functionalized Solution: A Potent Antimicrobial Agent for Biomedical Applications from Antibacterial Therapeutics to Biomaterial Surface Engineering. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:43470-43477. [PMID: 29215258 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b14276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Deadly diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses have increasingly victimized humans; thus, the importance of disinfection has increased in medical settings as well as in food and agricultural industries. Plasma contains multiple bactericidal agents, including reactive species, charged particles, and photons, which can have synergistic effects. In particular, the chemicals formed in aqueous solution during plasma exposure have the potential for high antibacterial activity against various bacterial infections. Here, we report the antibiotic potency of plasma-treated water (PTW). To illustrate the applicability of PTW for disinfecting biological substances, an Escherichia coli biofilm was used. We sought to identify the chemical species in PTW and investigate their separate effects on biofilm removal. Dielectric barrier discharge in ambient air was used to prepare the PTW and treat the biofilm directly. Hydrogen peroxide, ozone, and nitrites were identified as the long-lived reactive species in the PTW, whereas hydroxyl radicals and superoxide anions were identified as the short-lived reactive species in the PTW; all these species showed an ability to disinfect in biofilm removal.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hae In Yong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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76
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Li J, Du X, Guo T, Peng Z, Xu L, Dong J, Cheng P, Zhou Z. Study of gas-phase reactions of NO 2+ with aromatic compounds using proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Mass Spectrom 2017; 52:830-836. [PMID: 28885753 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2017] [Revised: 08/27/2017] [Accepted: 09/02/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The study of ion chemistry involving the NO2+ is currently the focus of considerable fundamental interest and is relevant in diverse fields ranging from mechanistic organic chemistry to atmospheric chemistry. A very intense source of NO2+ was generated by injecting the products from the dielectric barrier discharge of a nitrogen and oxygen mixture upstream into the drift tube of a proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometry (PTR-TOF-MS) apparatus with H3 O+ as the reagent ion. The NO2+ intensity is controllable and related to the dielectric barrier discharge operation conditions and ratio of oxygen to nitrogen. The purity of NO2+ can reach more than 99% after optimization. Using NO2+ as the chemical reagent ion, the gas-phase reactions of NO2+ with 11 aromatic compounds were studied by PTR-TOF-MS. The reaction rate coefficients for these reactions were measured, and the product ions and their formation mechanisms were analyzed. All the samples reacted with NO2+ rapidly with reaction rate coefficients being close to the corresponding capture ones. In addition to electron transfer producing [M]+ , oxygen ion transfer forming [MO]+ , and 3-body association forming [M·NO2 ]+ , a new product ion [M-C]+ was also formed owing to the loss of C═O from [MO]+ .This work not only developed a new chemical reagent ion NO2+ based on PTR-MS but also provided significant interesting fundamental data on reactions involving aromatic compounds, which will probably broaden the applications of PTR-MS to measure these compounds in the atmosphere in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianquan Li
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xubing Du
- School of Instrument Science and Opto-electronics Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Teng Guo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhen Peng
- Institute of Environment Safety and Pollution Control, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Li Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Junguo Dong
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Ping Cheng
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhen Zhou
- Institute of Environment Safety and Pollution Control, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
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Abstract
Nonthermal plasma is a promising technology to improve the safety and to extend the shelf-life of various minimally processed foods. However, research on plasma-induced systemic degradation related to changes in chemical structure and biological activity is still very limited. In this study, the enhancement of biological activity and the mechanism of degradation of the most common type of flavonol, quercetin, induced by a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma were investigated. Quercetin is dissolved in methanol and exposed to nonthermal DBD plasma for 5, 10, 20, and 30 min. The quercetin treated with the plasma for 20 min showed rapidly increased α-glucosidase inhibitory and radical scavenging activities compared to those of parent quercetin. The structures of the degradation products 1-3 from the quercetin treated with the plasma for 20 min were isolated and characterized by interpretation of their spectroscopic data. Among the generated products, (±)-alphitonin (1) exhibited significantly improved antidiabetic and antioxidant properties compared to those of the parent quercetin. The antidiabetic and antioxidant properties were measured by α-glucosidase inhibition and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assays. These results suggested that structural changes in quercetin induced by DBD plasma might be attributable to improving the biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Daegu University , Gyeongsan 38453, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaemin Lee
- Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University , Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Crop Post-harvest Technology Division, Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, RDA , Suwon 16613, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheorun Jo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University , Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
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Abstract
Mechanism of inactivation of bio-particles exposed to non-thermal plasma (NTP), namely, dielectric barrier discharge (DBD), and plasma jet (PJ), has been studied using E. coli, B. subtilis spore, S. cerevisiae and bacteriophages. States of different biological components were monitored during the course of inactivation. Analysis of green fluorescent protein, GFP, introduced into E. coli. or B. subtiles spore cells proved that radicals generated by NTP penetrate into microbes, destroying the cell membrane and finally damage the genes. We have evaluated the damage of the bacteriophages. Bacteriophage λ having double stranded DNA was exposed to DBD, then DNA was purified and subjected to in vitro DNA packaging reactions. The re-packaged phages consist of the DNA from discharged phages and brand-new coat proteins were proved to be active, indicating that the damage of coat proteins is responsible for inactivation. M13 phages having single stranded DNA were also examined with the same manner. In this case, damage to the DNA was as severe as that of the coat proteins. For practical applications, DBD showed very intense sterilization ability for B. Subtilis spore with the D-value of less than 10 s. This result indicates a possibility of application of NTP for quick sterilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Mizuno
- Toyohashi University of Technology, 1-1 Hibarigaoka, Tenpaku-cho, Toyohashi, Aichi 441-8580, Japan
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79
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Post P, Jidenko N, Weber AP, Borra JP. Post-Plasma SiO x Coatings of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Thermal Stability and Tunable Photoactivity Applications. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2016; 6:E91. [PMID: 28335219 PMCID: PMC5302507 DOI: 10.3390/nano6050091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The plasma-based aerosol process developed for the direct coating of particles in gases with silicon oxide in a continuous chemical vapor deposition (CVD) process is presented. It is shown that non-thermal plasma filaments induced in a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at atmospheric pressure trigger post-DBD gas phase reactions. DBD operating conditions are first scanned to produce ozone and dinitrogen pentoxide. In the selected conditions, these plasma species react with gaseous tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) precursor downstream of the DBD. The gaseous intermediates then condense on the surface of nanoparticles and self-reactions lead to homogeneous solid SiOx coatings, with thickness from nanometer to micrometer. This confirms the interest of post-DBD injection of the organo-silicon precursor to achieve stable production of actives species with subsequent controlled thickness of SiOx coatings. SiOx coatings of spherical and agglomerated metal and metal oxide nanoparticles (Pt, CuO, TiO₂) are achieved. In the selected DBD operating conditions, the thickness of homogeneous nanometer sized coatings of spherical nanoparticles depends on the reaction duration and on the precursor concentration. For agglomerates, operating conditions can be tuned to cover preferentially the interparticle contact zones between primary particles, shifting the sintering of platinum agglomerates to much higher temperatures than the usual sintering temperature. Potential applications for enhanced thermal stability and tunable photoactivity of coated agglomerates are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Post
- Institute of Particle Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstrasse 19, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
| | - Nicolas Jidenko
- Lab of Phys Gaz and Plasmas, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
| | - Alfred P Weber
- Institute of Particle Technology, Clausthal University of Technology, Leibnizstrasse 19, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany.
| | - Jean-Pascal Borra
- Lab of Phys Gaz and Plasmas, CNRS, Univ. Paris Sud, CentraleSupelec, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France.
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80
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Chernets N, Kurpad DS, Alexeev V, Rodrigues DB, Freeman TA. Reaction Chemistry Generated by Nanosecond Pulsed Dielectric Barrier Discharge Treatment is Responsible for the Tumor Eradication in the B16 Melanoma Mouse Model. Plasma Process Polym 2015; 12:1400-1409. [PMID: 29104522 PMCID: PMC5667549 DOI: 10.1002/ppap.201500140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Melanoma is one of the most aggressive metastatic cancers with resistance to radiation and most chemotherapy agents. This study highlights an alternative treatment for melanoma based on nanosecond pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (nsP DBD). We show that a single nsP DBD treatment, directly applied to a 5 mm orthotopic mouse melanoma tumor, completely eradicates it 66% (n = 6; p ≤ 0.05) of the time. It was determined that reactive oxygen and nitrogen species produced by nsP DBD are the main cause of tumor eradication, while nsP electric field and heat generated by the discharge are not sufficient to kill the tumor. However, we do not discount that potential synergy between each plasma generated component (temperature, electric field and reactive species) can enhance the killing efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Chernets
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson, University, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Deepa S. Kurpad
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson, University, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Vitali Alexeev
- Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Dario B. Rodrigues
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
| | - Theresa A. Freeman
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson, University, 1015 Walnut Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107. Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
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81
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Ding X, Duan Y. Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry techniques: The current status and future prospective. Mass Spectrom Rev 2015; 34:449-73. [PMID: 24338668 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry is emerging as a frontier technology for direct analysis of sample that employs low-energy plasma as the ionization reagent. The versatile sources of ambient mass spectrometry (MS) can be classified according to the plasma formation approaches; namely, corona discharge, glow discharge, dielectric barrier discharge, and microwave-induced discharge. These techniques allow pretreatment-free detection of samples, ranging from biological materials (e.g., flies, bacteria, plants, tissues, peptides, metabolites, and lipids) to pharmaceuticals, food-stuffs, polymers, chemical warfare reagents, and daily-use chemicals. In most cases, plasma-based ambient MS performs well as a qualitative tool and as an analyzer for semi-quantitation. Herein, we provide an overview of the key concepts, mechanisms, and applications of plasma-based ambient MS techniques, and discuss the challenges and outlook.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelu Ding
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Analytical Testing Center and College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- Research Center of Analytical Instrumentation, Analytical Testing Center and College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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82
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Liu C, Dobrynin D, Fridman A. Uniform and non-uniform modes of nanosecond-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge in atmospheric air: fast imaging and spectroscopic measurements of electric field. J Phys D Appl Phys 2014; 47:252003. [PMID: 25071294 PMCID: PMC4110921 DOI: 10.1088/0022-3727/47/25/252003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we report experimental results on fast ICCD imaging of development of nanosecond-pulsed dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) in atmospheric air and spectroscopic measurements of electric field in the discharge. Uniformity of the discharge images obtained with nanosecond exposure times were analyzed using chi-square test. The results indicate that DBD uniformity strongly depends on applied (global) electric field in the discharge gap, and is a threshold phenomenon. We show that in the case of strong overvoltage on the discharge gap (provided by fast rise times), there is transition from filamentary to uniform DBD mode which correlates to the corresponding decrease of maximum local electric field in the discharge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Liu
- A. J. Drexel Plasma Institute, Camden NJ 08103
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83
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Alekseev O, Donovan K, Limonnik V, Azizkhan-Clifford J. Nonthermal Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) Plasma Suppresses Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Replication in Corneal Epithelium. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2014; 3:2. [PMID: 24757592 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.3.2.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Herpes keratitis (HK) is the leading cause of cornea-derived and infection-associated blindness in the developed world. Despite the availability of effective antivirals, some patients develop refractory disease, drug-resistant infection, and topical toxicity. A nonpharmaceutical treatment modality may offer a unique advantage in the management of such cases. This study investigated the antiviral effect of nonthermal dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma, a partially ionized gas that can be applied to organic substances to produce various biological effects. METHODS Human corneal epithelial cells and explanted corneas were infected with herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) and exposed to culture medium treated with nonthermal DBD plasma. The extent of infection was measured by plaque assay, quantitative PCR, and Western blot. Corneal toxicity assessment was performed with fluorescein staining, histologic examination, and 8-OHdG detection. RESULTS Application of DBD plasma-treated medium to human corneal epithelial cells and explanted corneas produced a dose-dependent reduction of the cytopathic effect, viral genome replication, and the overall production of infectious viral progeny. Toxicity studies showed lack of detrimental effects in explanted human corneas. CONCLUSIONS Nonthermal DBD plasma substantially suppresses corneal HSV-1 infection in vitro and ex vivo without causing pronounced toxicity. TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE Nonthermal plasma is a versatile tool that holds great biomedical potential for ophthalmology, where it is being investigated for wound healing and sterilization and is already in use for ocular microsurgery. The anti-HSV-1 activity of DBD plasma demonstrated here could be directly translated to the clinic for use against drug-resistant herpes keratitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Alekseev
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kelly Donovan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Vladimir Limonnik
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jane Azizkhan-Clifford
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
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