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Tereshchenko SI, Babushkin VA, Ol'khovskiĭ IA, Novitskiĭ IA, Isakov IV, Shakina NA. [The phenotype IFNy+cd69- of T-lymphocytes of umbilical blood associated with epidemiologically verified risk factors of atopy formation]. Klin Lab Diagn 2012:50-52. [PMID: 22946227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The article deals with the determination of possible role of imbalance of lymphocytes TH1/TH2 at birth in pathogenesis of atopy development in children. The subpopulation compound of umbilical blood lymphocytes was examined on sampling of 153 newborns. The following prospective monitoring was applied during first year of life. It is established that the low content ofnonactivated mononuclears in umbilical blood producing gamma-interferon (IFNy+/CD69-) is associated with atopic family anamnesis (p = 0.006), residing of pregnant woman in town (in comparison with rural area, p = 0.02) and male gender of newborn in case of repeated labor (p = 0.008). This situation matches the epidemiologic verified risk factors of atopy formation in children. The contact of pregnant woman with domestic pets results in increasing of content of activated lymphocytes producing gamma-interferon (IFNy+/CD69-), p = 0.03. The decrease of content of nonactivated cells producing gamma-interferon (IFNy+/CD69-) is a strong and independent predictor of formation of atopic dermatitis in children of infancy age. The relative risk of formation of atopic dermatitis consisted 3.4 (1.19-9.69).
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MESH Headings
- Antigens, CD/blood
- Antigens, CD/immunology
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/blood
- Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte/immunology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/etiology
- Dermatitis, Atopic/genetics
- Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology
- Female
- Fetal Blood/immunology
- Humans
- Hypersensitivity/etiology
- Infant
- Infant, Newborn
- Interferon-gamma/blood
- Interferon-gamma/immunology
- Lectins, C-Type/blood
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Leukocytes, Mononuclear/immunology
- Male
- Pets
- Pregnancy
- Risk Factors
- Sex Factors
- Th1-Th2 Balance
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Kobayashi Y, Niwa Y, Tajika M, Kawai H, Kondo S, Hara K, Mizuno N, Hijioka S, Sawaki A, Matsuo K, Nakagawa H, Nakamura Y, Yamao K. Serum tumor antigen REG4 as a useful diagnostic biomarker in gastric cancer. HEPATO-GASTROENTEROLOGY 2010; 57:1631-1634. [PMID: 21443133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Serum biomarkers for the detection of gastric cancer are needed even now in order to find a larger number of candidates for suspected gastric cancer. We evaluated the usefulness of a novel serum marker, REG4, as compared to that of CA19-9, CEA, and pepsinogen. METHODOLOGY Pre-therapeutic sera were collected from 74 patients with gastric cancer and 106 healthy controls without any cancers. REG4, CEA, CA19-9, and pepsinogen serum levels were measured in each group. The cut-off value of REG4 was defined, and then the usefulness of REG4 was evaluated with a validation study that included sera collected from 37 patients with gastric cancer and 44 healthy controls without any cancers. RESULTS REG4 levels were significantly higher in early gastric cancer patients (median 8.42 ng/ml) than in controls (median 5.01 ng/ml) (p < 0.001), and in advanced gastric cancer patients (median 13.12 ng/ml) than in early gastric cancer patients (p < 0.02). A cut-off value of 6.67 ng/ml was defined using the receiver operating characteristics curve. The sensitivity for gastric cancer was 73.0%, the specificity was 70.8%, and the accuracy was 71.8%. Diagnostic accuracy of REG4 was superior to that of the other tests. In the validation study, the sensitivity for gastric cancer was 94.5%, the specificity was 31.8%, and the accuracy was 60.5%. CONCLUSIONS Serum REG4 level can be a useful indicator to distinguish between patients with gastric cancer and healthy subjects. This has the potential to be used as a screening serum marker for gastric cancers, including cancers in the early stages.
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Sommerburg O, Lindner M, Muckenthaler M, Kohlmueller D, Leible S, Feneberg R, Kulozik AE, Mall MA, Hoffmann GF. Initial evaluation of a biochemical cystic fibrosis newborn screening by sequential analysis of immunoreactive trypsinogen and pancreatitis-associated protein (IRT/PAP) as a strategy that does not involve DNA testing in a Northern European population. J Inherit Metab Dis 2010; 33:S263-71. [PMID: 20714932 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9174-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethical concerns and disadvantages of newborn screening (NBS) for cystic fibrosis (CF) related to genetic testing have raised controversies and impeded implementation of CF NBS in some countries. In the present study, we used a prospective and sequential immunoreactive trypsinogene (IRT)/pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) strategy, with IRT as first and PAP as second tier, and validated this biochemical approach against the widely used IRT/DNA protocol in a population-based NBS study in southwest Germany. METHODS Prospective quantitation of PAP and genetic analysis for the presence of four mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene most prevalent in southwest Germany (F508del, R553X, G551D, G542X) were performed in all newborns with IRT > 99.0th percentile. NBS was rated positive when either PAP was ≥1.0 ng/mL and/or at least one CFTR mutation was detected. In addition, IRT > 99.9th percentile was also considered a positive rating. Positive rating led to referral to a CF centre for testing of sweat Cl(-) concentration. FINDINGS Out of 73,759 newborns tested, 98 (0.13%) were positive with IRT/PAP and 56 (0.08%) with IRT/DNA. After sweat testing of 135 CF NBS-positive infants, 13 were diagnosed with CF. Detection rates were similar for both IRT/PAP and IRT/DNA. One of the 13 diagnosed CF newborns had a PAP concentration <1.0 ng/mL. CONCLUSIONS Sequential measurement of IRT/PAP provides good sensitivity and specificity and allows reliable and cost-effective CF NBS which circumvents the necessity of genetic testing with its inherent ethical problems.
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Arellano-Garcia ME, Li R, Liu X, Xie Y, Yan X, Loo JA, Hu S. Identification of tetranectin as a potential biomarker for metastatic oral cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2010; 11:3106-21. [PMID: 20957082 PMCID: PMC2956083 DOI: 10.3390/ijms11093106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 08/25/2010] [Accepted: 08/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node involvement is the most important predictor of survival rates in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). A biomarker that can indicate lymph node metastasis would be valuable to classify patients with OSCC for optimal treatment. In this study, we have performed a serum proteomic analysis of OSCC using 2-D gel electrophoresis and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry. One of the down-regulated proteins in OSCC was identified as tetranectin, which is a protein encoded by the CLEC3B gene (C-type lectin domain family 3, member B). We further tested the protein level in serum and saliva from patients with lymph-node metastatic and primary OSCC. Tetranectin was found significantly under-expressed in both serum and saliva of metastatic OSCC compared to primary OSCC. Our results suggest that serum or saliva tetranectin may serve as a potential biomarker for metastatic OSCC. Other candidate serum biomarkers for OSCC included superoxide dismutase, ficolin 2, CD-5 antigen-like protein, RalA binding protein 1, plasma retinol-binding protein and transthyretin. Their clinical utility for OSCC detection remains to be further tested in cancer patients.
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Bronson PG, Ramsay PP, Seldin MF, Gregersen PK, Criswell LA, Barcellos LF. A candidate gene study of CLEC16A does not provide evidence of association with risk for anti-CCP-positive rheumatoid arthritis. Genes Immun 2010; 11:504-8. [PMID: 20220768 PMCID: PMC2992879 DOI: 10.1038/gene.2010.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2009] [Revised: 01/06/2010] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
CLEC16A, a putative immunoreceptor, was recently established as a susceptibility locus for type I diabetes and multiple sclerosis. Subsequently, associations between CLEC16A and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), Addison's disease and Crohn's disease have been reported. A large comprehensive and independent investigation of CLEC16A variation in RA was pursued. This study tested 251 CLEC16A single-nucleotide polymorphisms in 2542 RA cases (85% anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) positive) and 2210 controls (N=4752). All individuals were of European ancestry, as determined by ancestry informative genetic markers. No evidence for significant association between CLEC16A variation and RA was observed. This is the first study to fully characterize common genetic variation in CLEC16A including assessment of haplotypes and gender-specific effects. The previously reported association between RA and rs6498169 was not replicated. Results show that CLEC16A does not have a prominent function in susceptibility to anti-CCP-positive RA.
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Milsom I, Geirsson RT. A focus on important reproductive health care issues - cancer, urinary incontinence and the consequences of pre-term birth. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 2010; 89:163-4. [PMID: 20121332 DOI: 10.3109/00016341003606451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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32
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Stoevring B, Jaliashvili I, Thougaard AV, Ensinger C, Høgdall CK, Rasmussen LS, Sellebjerg F, Christiansen M. Tetranectin in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with multiple sclerosis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009; 66:577-83. [PMID: 17101549 DOI: 10.1080/00365510600863929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tetranectin (TN) is a glycoprotein and C-type lectin thought to play a prominent role in tissue remodelling. The aim of this study was to determine the TN serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentration in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two-hundred-and-four patients, divided into four diagnostic groups, i.e. definite MS (n = 76), possible onset symptoms of MS (n = 48), other non-inflammatory neurological diseases (n = 61) and other inflammatory neurological diseases (n = 19) and 47 controls with no history of neurological disease were analysed for TN in serum and CSF using a polyclonal sandwich ELISA. RESULTS All tested groups, e.g. definite MS, possible onset symptoms of MS, other neurological disease, both inflammatory and non-inflammatory, had decreased concentrations of TN in the CSF compared to the concentrations in controls. The quotient of TN in CSF divided by the concentration in serum (QTN) correlated significantly with the same quotient of albumin (QALB), was significantly correlated with the same quotient of albumin QALB. To account for differences in blood brain barrier permeability, we calculated a TN-index defined as: TN-index = QTN/QALB. QTN was significantly decreased in all groups compared to that in controls. However, in definite MS and patients with first attack of MS, the TN-index was not significantly different from that of controls. In contrast, other neurological diseases, both inflammatory and non-inflammatory, were associated with a decreased TN-index. CONCLUSION These results indicate that TN may play a role in neurological diseases and may serve as a diagnostic aid in MS.
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Hayashi T, Matsubara A, Ohara S, Mita K, Hasegawa Y, Usui T, Arihiro K, Norimura S, Sentani K, Oue N, Yasui W. Immunohistochemical analysis of Reg IV in urogenital organs: Frequent expression of Reg IV in prostate cancer and potential utility as serum tumor marker. Oncol Rep 2009; 21:95-100. [PMID: 19082448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerating islet-derived family, member 4 (Reg IV) is a candidate marker for cancer and inflammatory bowel disease and is associated with neuroendocrine and intestinal differentiation. We have reported that 14% of prostate cancer (PCa) cases are positive for Reg IV by immunohistochemistry. In the present study, we performed immunohistochemical analysis of Reg IV in other major urological cancers, including 101 renal cell carcinoma (RCC), and 95 urothelial carcinoma (UC) of urinary bladder by immunohistochemistry. We also investigated neuroendocrine differentiation by chromogranin A and synaptophysin staining along with intestinal differentiation by MUC2 staining. Immunohistochemical analysis of Reg IV revealed no expression of Reg IV in RCC, and only one case (1%) of UC expressed Reg IV. Neither neuroendocrine nor intestinal differentiation was found in RCC. Among 95 UC cases, neuroendocrine differentiation was detected in 13 cases (14%), and intestinal differentiation was observed in 33 cases (35%). In one Reg IV-positive UC case, MUC2 staining was observed. Since Reg IV expression was frequently found in PCa, we also measured Reg IV levels in sera from patients with PCa by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The serum Reg IV concentration in PCa patients (n=38, mean +/- SE, 1.69+/-0.16 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in control individuals (n=40, 1.28+/-0.11 ng/ml, P=0.0199, Mann-Whitney U test). The sensitivity and specificity for detection of PCa were 34% (13/38) and 90% (36/40), respectively. These results suggest that among major urologic cancers, Reg IV is expressed frequently in PCa, and that serum Reg IV represents a novel biomarker for PCa.
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Denz C, Siegel L, Lehmann KJ, Dagorn JC, Fiedler F. Is hyperlipasemia in critically ill patients of clinical importance? An observational CT study. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33:1633-6. [PMID: 17497124 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-007-0668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2005] [Accepted: 04/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess morphological alterations of the pancreas by contrast-enhanced computed tomography (cCT) and subclinical cellular damage of the pancreas by measuring pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) in critically ill patients without prior pancreatic disorder who presented with raised serum lipase levels. DESIGN Prospective, observational study SETTING Mixed surgical/neurosurgical intensive care unit of a German university hospital. PATIENTS One hundred and thirty consecutive critically ill patients without prior damage or disease of the pancreas and an expected length of stay of more than 5 days. INTERVENTIONS Daily serum lipase measurements and daily serum PAP measurements. Contrast-enhanced upper abdominal cCT study in patients with triple increase of serum lipase. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Thirty-eight patients showed raised serum lipase levels and qualified for the cCT scan study. In 20 patients cCT scans were performed. Morphological alterations of the pancreas were found in 7 out these 20 patients while serum PAP levels were raised in all patients. CONCLUSION Hyperlipasemia is a common finding in critically ill patients without prior pancreatic disorder. While elevated serum PAP levels indicate pancreatic cellular stress morphological alterations of the pancreas are rare and of little clinical importance.
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Mitani Y, Oue N, Matsumura S, Yoshida K, Noguchi T, Ito M, Tanaka S, Kuniyasu H, Kamata N, Yasui W. Reg IV is a serum biomarker for gastric cancer patients and predicts response to 5-fluorouracil-based chemotherapy. Oncogene 2007; 26:4383-93. [PMID: 17237819 DOI: 10.1038/sj.onc.1210215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Regenerating gene family, member 4 (Reg IV), a secreted protein, is overexpressed in several cancers, including gastric cancer (GC). In the present study, we measured Reg IV levels in sera from patients with GC by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We also examined the effect of forced Reg IV expression on the apoptotic susceptibility to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Forced expression of Reg IV inhibited 5-FU-induced apoptosis. Induction of Bcl-2 and dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase was involved in inhibition of apoptosis. Among 36 GC patients treated with a combination chemotherapy of low-dose 5-FU and cisplatin, all 14 Reg IV-positive patients showed no change or disease progression. The serum Reg IV concentration was similar between healthy individuals (mean+/-s.e., 0.52+/-0.05 ng/ml) and patients with chronic-active gastritis (0.36+/-0.09 ng/ml). However, the serum Reg IV concentration in presurgical GC patients was significantly elevated (1.96+/-0.17 ng/ml), even at stage I. The diagnostic sensitivity of serum Reg IV (36.1%) was superior to that of serum carcinoembryonic antigen (11.5%) or carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (13.1%). These results indicate that expression of Reg IV is a marker for prediction of resistance to 5-FU-based chemotherapy in patients with GC. Serum Reg IV represents a novel biomarker for GC.
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Bartel M, Friess H. [Pancreatic cancer screening: mission impossible?]. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2006; 44:1181-2. [PMID: 17115361 DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-927109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Takehara A, Eguchi H, Ohigashi H, Ishikawa O, Kasugai T, Hosokawa M, Katagiri T, Nakamura Y, Nakagawa H. Novel tumor marker REG4 detected in serum of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer and feasibility for antibody therapy targeting REG4. Cancer Sci 2006; 97:1191-7. [PMID: 16918991 PMCID: PMC11159249 DOI: 10.1111/j.1349-7006.2006.00297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) shows the worst mortality rate among common malignancies, with a 5-year survival rate of only 4%, and the majority of PDAC patients are diagnosed at an advanced stage in which no effective therapy is available at present. Although the proportion of curable cases is still not so high, surgical resection of early stage PDAC is the only way to cure the disease. Hence, establishment of a screening strategy to detect early stage PDAC by novel serological markers is required urgently, and development of novel molecular therapies for PDAC treatment is also eagerly expected. We here report overexpression of REG4, a new member of the regenerating islet-derived (REG) family, in PDAC cells on the basis of genome-wide cDNA microarray analysis as well as reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis. We also detected significant elevation of REG4 in the serum of some patients with early-stage PDAC using our enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system, indicating the possibility of REG4 as a new serological marker of PDAC. Furthermore, we found that knockdown of endogenous REG4 expression in PDAC cell lines with small interfering RNA caused a decrease in cell viability. Concordantly, addition of recombinant REG4 to the culture medium enhanced growth of a PDAC cell line in a dose-dependent manner. A monoclonal antibody against REG4 neutralized its growth-promoting effects and attenuated significantly the growth of PDAC cells. These findings indicate that REG4 is a promising tumor marker to screen early-stage PDAC, and also that neutralization of REG4 by the antibody may offer novel potential tools for the treatment of PDAC.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma/blood
- Adenocarcinoma/immunology
- Adenocarcinoma/therapy
- Aged
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/blood
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/immunology
- Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal/therapy
- Cell Survival
- Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
- Feasibility Studies
- Gene Expression Profiling
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Genome, Human
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Immunoprecipitation
- Lectins, C-Type/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lectins, C-Type/blood
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Proteins/blood
- Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
- Pancreatectomy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/blood
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/therapy
- Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/pharmacology
- Rabbits
- Recombinant Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Proteins/isolation & purification
- Recombinant Proteins/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Tissue Array Analysis
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Mitsuo A, Morimoto S, Nakiri Y, Suzuki J, Kaneko H, Tokano Y, Tsuda H, Takasaki Y, Hashimoto H. Decreased CD161+CD8+ T cells in the peripheral blood of patients suffering from rheumatic diseases. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2006; 45:1477-84. [PMID: 16638798 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kel119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although it has been reported that the numbers of both CD4(-)CD8(-) and CD4(+) natural killer T (NKT) cells are selectively decreased in the peripheral blood of patients with rheumatic diseases, there have been no reports concerning a novel subpopulation of CD8(+) NKT cells. To examine whether CD161(+)CD8(+) T cells, which are closely related to CD8(+) NKT cells, are also decreased in patients with rheumatic diseases, we have investigated the expression of CD161, together with that of CD28, CD25 and CD62L, on T cells in the peripheral blood of these patients. METHODS The rheumatic diseases evaluated in this study were systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (n= 54), mixed connective-tissue disease (MCTD) (n= 15), systemic sclerosis (SSc) (n= 14), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) (n= 13) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) (n= 24). Healthy donors were examined as controls (n= 18). The expression of CD161, CD28, CD25 and CD62L on T cells was analysed by flow cytometry. RESULTS Both the frequency of CD161 expression on CD8(+) cells and the absolute number of CD161(+)CD8(+) cells were significantly decreased in patients with SLE, MCTD, SSc and PM/DM. Only the absolute number of CD161(+)CD8(+) T cells was significantly decreased in RA. CD161 expression on CD28(-)CD8(+) T cells was significantly decreased in SLE, MCTD and SSc. The absolute number of CD161(+)CD8(+)CD62L(-) T cells was significantly decreased in SLE, MCTD and SSc. CONCLUSIONS Both the frequency and the absolute number of CD161(+)CD8(+) T cells were decreased in the peripheral blood of patients suffering from SLE, MCTD, SSc and PM/DM. This result suggests that there is also an abnormality of NKT cells in the CD8(+) population.
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Zhang YY, Huang XM, Kang ML, Gong FQ, Qian BQ. [Changes in CD69, CD25 and HLA-DR expressions in peripheral blood T cells in Kawasaki disease]. ZHONGHUA ER KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2006; 44:329-32. [PMID: 16780706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study was designed to investigate the changes in CD(69), CD(25) and HLA-DR expressions in peripheral blood T cell in Kawasaki disease (KD). METHODS The authors detected CD(69), CD(25) and HLA-DR expressions in peripheral blood T cell by using flow cytometry. The patients who met the diagnostic criteria for KD comprised sixteen boys and fifteen girls (4 - 60 months of age; mean, 26 +/- 18 months). All received intravenous gammaglobulin at a dose of 1 g/(kg.d), for 2 days and oral aspirin at a dose of 30 - 50 mg/(kg.d). In case of persistent fever, a repeated dose of intravenous gammaglobulin or I.V. methylprednisolone at a dose of 20 mg/(kg.d) for three daily doses was attempted. The authors tested blood samples from 17 healthy controls consisting of nine boys and eight girls (3 - 84 months of age; mean, 25 +/- 18 months) and the samples from 31 patients. RESULTS The percentage of peripheral blood CD(3)(+) T lymphocyte was (54.4 +/- 9.0)% in acute stage of KD and (65.0 +/- 7.0)% in healthy controls. There was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.001). The values of CD(69)(+) [(11.2 +/- 12.6)%, vs. (0.6 +/- 0.4)%], CD(25)(+) [(9.2 +/- 3.5)% vs. (3.9 +/- 1.8)%] and HLA-DR(+) [(8.3 +/- 5.0)% vs. (4.3 +/- 2.3)%] in KD patients were markedly increased compared to those of the healthy controls. After intravenous gammaglobulin treatment, the percentage of CD(3)(+)CD(69)(+) and CD(3)(+)CD(25)(+) significantly decreased [CD(3)(+)CD(69)(+): (14.0 +/- 13.0)% vs. (1.6 +/- 1.2)%, P < 0.05; CD(3)(+)CD(25)(+): (7.8 +/- 4.1)% vs. (2.0 +/- 0.6)%, P < 0.01]. However, the CD(3)(+) T lymphocytes increased [(50.8 +/- 5.0)% vs. (64.9 +/- 5.5)%, P < 0.01]. There was no significant difference in expression of CD(3)(+) T lymphocyte cell activating markers between coronary artery disease group and normal coronary artery group in KD cases (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION CD(3)(+) T cell activation in the early and middle stages is involved in the mechanism responsible for cardiovascular injury.
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Koopmann J, Rosenzweig CNW, Zhang Z, Canto MI, Brown DA, Hunter M, Yeo C, Chan DW, Breit SN, Goggins M. Serum markers in patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma: macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 versus CA19-9. Clin Cancer Res 2006; 12:442-6. [PMID: 16428484 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-05-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE More accurate serum markers of pancreatic cancer could improve the early detection and prognosis of this deadly disease. We compared the diagnostic utility of a panel of candidate serum markers of pancreatic cancer. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We collected preoperative serum from 50 patients with resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma, as well as sera from 50 patients with chronic pancreatitis and 50 age/sex-matched healthy controls from our institution. Sera were analyzed for the following candidate markers of pancreatic cancer: CA19-9, macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), osteopontin, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1, and hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas protein levels. RESULTS By logistic regression analysis, MIC-1 and CA19-9 were significant independent predictors of diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that MIC-1 was significantly better than CA19-9 in differentiating patients with pancreatic cancer from healthy controls (area under the curve is 0.99 and 0.78, respectively; P = 0.003), but not in distinguishing pancreatic cancer from chronic pancreatitis (area under the curve of 0.81 and 0.74, respectively; P = 0.63). Hepatocarcinoma-intestine-pancreas/pancreatitis-associated protein, osteopontin, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 serum levels did not provide additional diagnostic power. CONCLUSION In the differentiation of patients with resectable pancreatic cancer from controls, serum MIC-1 outperforms other markers including CA19-9.
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Boukour S, Massé JM, Bénit L, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Cramer EM. Lentivirus degradation and DC-SIGN expression by human platelets and megakaryocytes. J Thromb Haemost 2006; 4:426-35. [PMID: 16420576 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2006.01749.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM As platelets are able to endocytose human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we have investigated the fate of lentiviruses when endocytosed by human platelets and megakaryocytes (MK), and have characterized a specific receptor directly involved in this function. METHODS Genetically modified (non-replicative) lentiviruses with an HIV envelope (HIV-e) or with a vesicular stomatitis virus protein G envelope (VSV-e) were alternatively used and their interaction with platelets and MK analyzed by electron microscopy (EM) and immunoEM. RESULTS When incubated with platelets, HIV-e and VSV-e lentiviruses were internalized in specific endocytic vesicles and trafficked to the surface connected canalicular system (SCCS). Double immunolabeling for the viral P24 core protein and alpha-granule markers showed that lentiviruses were degraded in the SCCS after contact with alpha-granule proteins. In culture MK, lentiviruses were found in endocytic vesicles and accumulated in acid phosphatase-containing multivesicular bodies (MVB). The expression of the pathogen receptor dendritic cell-specific ICAM-grabbing non-integrin (DC-SIGN) was then demonstrated in platelets by flow cytometry, immunoEM and Western blot. Anti-DC-SIGN antibodies decreased HIV-e lentivirus internalization by platelets, showing that the receptor is functional. Specific signals for DC-SIGN protein and mRNA were also found in MK. CONCLUSION This study indicates that platelets and MK can internalize lentiviruses in a pathway, which either provide a shelter to lentiviral particles or alternatively disrupts viral integrity. The receptor DC-SIGN is involved in this function.
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MESH Headings
- Antibodies, Monoclonal
- Base Sequence
- Blood Platelets/metabolism
- Blood Platelets/ultrastructure
- Blood Platelets/virology
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/blood
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/genetics
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/immunology
- DNA, Complementary/genetics
- Endocytosis
- Gene Expression
- Genes, env
- Genetic Vectors
- HIV-1/genetics
- HeLa Cells
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- Lectins, C-Type/antagonists & inhibitors
- Lectins, C-Type/blood
- Lectins, C-Type/genetics
- Lectins, C-Type/immunology
- Lentivirus/genetics
- Lentivirus/pathogenicity
- Megakaryocytes/metabolism
- Megakaryocytes/ultrastructure
- Megakaryocytes/virology
- Microscopy, Electron
- RNA, Messenger/blood
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptors, Cell Surface/blood
- Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics
- Receptors, Cell Surface/immunology
- Receptors, Virus/blood
- Receptors, Virus/genetics
- Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus/genetics
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Mylona-Karayanni C, Gourgiotis D, Bossios A, Kamper EF. Oxidative stress and adhesion molecules in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: a possible link. Pediatr Diabetes 2006; 7:51-9. [PMID: 16489975 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-543x.2006.00147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine whether oxidative stress parameters were correlated with adhesion molecules derived from endothelial/platelet activation in a group of juveniles with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Indicative parameters of patient oxidant/antioxidant capacity were measured and associated with P-selectin and tetranectin (TN), markers of endothelial/platelet activation, in the plasma of 45 diabetic children and adolescents and 20 healthy age-matched subjects (HS). RESULTS Significantly, higher nitrate/nitrite (NOx) and lipid hydroperoxide (LPO) levels (p=0.049 and p=0.0011, respectively), lower glutathione peroxidase activity (GPx; p=0.038), and elevated TN and P-selectin plasma levels (p=0.0046 and p=0.042, respectively) were found in T1DM children compared with HS. Well-controlled T1DM children (HbA1c <or= 7%) showed significantly lower GPx (p=0.0259), higher NOx and LPO (p=0.01093 and p=0.0092, respectively) compared with HS, while poorly controlled patients (HbA1c >7%) showed significantly higher TN, sP-selectin and LPO (p=0.0064, p=0.0234 and p=0.0121, respectively), a tendency to higher NOx (p=0.063) compared with HS and only TN higher (p=0.0123) compared with well-controlled patients. Patients with shorter diabetes duration (<or=3 yr) showed significantly higher LPO and TN (p=0.034 and 0.017, respectively), a tendency to higher NOx and lower GPx and higher P-selectin, while those with longer duration (>3 yr) differed significantly in all the examined parameters (TN, p=0.0015; GPx, p=0.0420; NOx, p=0.0196; LPO, p=0.0054; sP-selectin, p=0.0187) compared with HS. CONCLUSIONS Decreased antioxidative protection from simultaneous LPO and NOx overproduction is evident in T1DM juveniles with a parallel endothelial/platelet activation even in the first years of the disease, being more pronounced later in diabetes progression, contributing to the vascular complications of the disease.
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Høgdall EVS, Kjaer SK, Blaakaer J, Christensen L, Glud E, Vuust J, Høgdall CK. P53 mutations in tissue from Danish ovarian cancer patients. Gynecol Oncol 2006; 100:76-82. [PMID: 16183105 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.07.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2005] [Revised: 07/20/2005] [Accepted: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The p53 gene, a tumor suppressor gene located on the short arm of chromosome 17 (17p13), has been found mutated in 30-80% of epithelial ovarian cancers (OC), with the most frequently detected mutations in the conserved regions of the gene. A small number of studies investigated the survival of patients with p53 mutations in OC, but their conclusions are not in agreement. METHODS We analyzed the frequency of p53 mutations in 124 Danish women with OC, using Single-Stranded Conformation Polymorphism analysis in addition with DNA sequencing and evaluated if mutations correlated with clinicopathological parameters and with patient survival. RESULTS Thirty-five (28%) ovarian tumors were found to contain one or more p53 variations, two of which were considered polymorphisms. Twenty-seven (82%) mutations were single nucleotide substitutions of which 23 (85%) were missense mutations and therefore led to amino acid substitutions. Significantly shorter survival was found for stage III/IV patients with a p53 missense mutation compared to stage III/IV OC patients with wild type p53 (P = 0.0018). Multivariate Cox regression analysis restricted to 107 OC patients with a p53 missense mutation or p53 wild type in the tumor tissue and with information on radicality of primary surgery showed that missense p53 mutation (HR = 2.5, 95% CI: 1.21-4.98), radicality after primary surgery (HR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.04-2.88), tetranectin (mg/l: HR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.67-0.91) and stage (I vs. III: HR = 0.30, 95% CI: 0.10-0.92, II vs. III: HR = 0.24, 95% CI: 0.05-1.05, IV vs. III: HR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.22-5.98) were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSION Missense mutations in the conserved regions of p53 may be of prognostic value in Danish OC patients.
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Kong SY, Stabler TV, Criscione LG, Elliott AL, Jordan JM, Kraus VB. Diurnal variation of serum and urine biomarkers in patients with radiographic knee osteoarthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 54:2496-504. [PMID: 16868970 DOI: 10.1002/art.21977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate diurnal variation of biomarkers in subjects with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee. METHODS Twenty subjects with radiographic knee OA were admitted to the General Clinical Research Center of Duke University for an overnight stay to undergo serial blood and urine sampling. Biomarkers measured included serum hyaluronan (HA), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), keratan sulfate (KS-5D4), aggrecan neoepitope (CS846), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), osteocalcin, transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1), and type II collagen (CII)-related epitopes (neoepitope from cleavage of CII [C2C], carboxy-terminus of three-quarter peptide from cleavage of CI and CII [C1,2C], and type II procollagen carboxy-propeptide [CPII] in serum, and C-terminal telopeptides of CII [CTX-II] and C2C in urine). RESULTS Levels of serum HA, COMP, KS-5D4, and TGFbeta1 increased significantly from T0 (before arising from bed) to T1 (1 hour after arising). More diurnal variation in HA was observed in patients with higher daily mean HA concentrations. CPII increased significantly from T0 to T2 (4 hours after arising). Urinary concentrations of CTX-II were also found to vary with morning activity, decreasing significantly from T0 to T2. Urinary C2C concentrations increased significantly from T0 until T3 (early evening). No diurnal variations in CS846, hsCRP, osteocalcin, serum C2C, or C1,2C were observed. Six biomarkers (serum C2C, C1,2C, COMP, KS-5D4, TGFbeta1, and urinary CTX-II) were associated with radiographic knee OA (expressed as the sum of Kellgren/Lawrence radiographic severity grades), with the strongest correlations observed with measurements obtained at later time points (either T2 or T3). CONCLUSION Our study results suggest that serum and urine sampling for HA, COMP, KS-5D4, TGFbeta1, CPII, urinary CTX-II, and urinary C2C should be standardized in future OA clinical trials. Serum and urine sampling at late midday time points may be the optimal approach for OA studies, although this result should be validated in a larger cohort.
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Migita K, Miyashita T, Maeda Y, Kimura H, Nakamura M, Yatsuhashi H, Ishibashi H, Eguchi K. Reduced blood BDCA-2+ (lymphoid) and CD11c+ (myeloid) dendritic cells in systemic lupus erythematosus. Clin Exp Immunol 2005; 142:84-91. [PMID: 16178860 PMCID: PMC1809479 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2005.02897.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 IFN is thought to be implicated in the autoimmune process of SLE. Plasmacytoid dendric cells (DC), which are natural IFN-alpha producing cells, play a pivotal epipathogenic role in SLE. The present study was undertaken to investigate the phenotypic characteristics of peripheral blood DC in SLE patients in comparison with those of healthy controls. Samples from 20 SLE patients and 18 healthy controls were studied. Three-colour flow cytometry was performed to identify myeloid DC, as CD11c(+) lineage marker(-), and HLA-DR(+) cells and plasmacytoid DC, as BDCA-2(+) linage marker(-), and HLA-DR(+) cells. We used the whole blood 'lyse/no-wash' procedure, which allows precise counting of peripheral blood DC. BDCA-2(+) plasmacytoid DC and CD11c(+) myeloid DC were reduced in SLE patients compared with controls. Similarly, BDCA-3(+) DC were reduced in SLE patients. These results indicated that SLE patients had a reduced number of both BDCA-2(+) plasmacytoid DC and CD11c(+) myeloid DC. These alternations of the DC subset may drive the autoimmune response in SLE.
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46
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Gironella M, Iovanna JL, Sans M, Gil F, Peñalva M, Closa D, Miquel R, Piqué JM, Panés J. Anti-inflammatory effects of pancreatitis associated protein in inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2005; 54:1244-53. [PMID: 15870231 PMCID: PMC1774660 DOI: 10.1136/gut.2004.056309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Increased pancreatitis associated protein (PAP) mRNA has been reported in active inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aims of the current study were to characterise PAP production in IBD and the effects of PAP on inflammation. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum PAP levels were determined in healthy controls (n = 29), inflammatory controls (n = 14), and IBD patients (n = 171). Ex vivo PAP secretion in intestinal tissue was measured in 56 IBD patients and 13 healthy controls. Cellular origin of PAP was determined by immunohistochemistry. The effects of exogenous PAP on nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) activation, proinflammatory cytokine production, and endothelial adhesion molecule expression were also analysed ex vivo. RESULTS Patients with active IBD had increased serum PAP levels compared with controls, and these levels correlated with clinical and endoscopic disease severity. Ex vivo intestinal PAP synthesis was increased in active IBD and correlated with endoscopic and histological severity of inflammatory lesions. PAP localised to colonic Paneth cells. Incubation of mucosa from active Crohn's disease with PAP dose dependently reduced proinflammatory cytokines secretion. PAP prevented TNF-alpha induced NFkappaB activation in monocytic, epithelial, and endothelial cells and reduced proinflammatory cytokine mRNA levels and adhesion molecule expression. CONCLUSIONS PAP is synthesised by Paneth cells and is overexpressed in colonic tissue of active IBD. PAP inhibits NFkappaB activation and downregulates cytokine production and adhesion molecule expression in inflamed tissue. It may represent an anti-inflammatory mechanism and new therapeutic strategy in IBD.
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MESH Headings
- Analysis of Variance
- Antigens, Neoplasm/blood
- Antigens, Neoplasm/pharmacology
- Biological Transport
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Biomarkers, Tumor/pharmacology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Adhesion Molecules/metabolism
- Cell Nucleus/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Colitis/blood
- Colitis/immunology
- Colitis/pathology
- Colitis, Ulcerative/blood
- Colitis, Ulcerative/immunology
- Colitis, Ulcerative/pathology
- Crohn Disease/blood
- Crohn Disease/immunology
- Crohn Disease/pathology
- Humans
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/blood
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/immunology
- Inflammatory Bowel Diseases/pathology
- Interleukins/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/immunology
- Intestinal Mucosa/metabolism
- Intestinal Mucosa/pathology
- Lectins, C-Type/blood
- NF-kappa B/metabolism
- Pancreatitis-Associated Proteins
- Paneth Cells/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/analysis
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
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Sarles J, Berthézène P, Le Louarn C, Somma C, Perini JM, Catheline M, Mirallié S, Luzet K, Roussey M, Farriaux JP, Berthelot J, Dagorn JC. Combining immunoreactive trypsinogen and pancreatitis-associated protein assays, a method of newborn screening for cystic fibrosis that avoids DNA analysis. J Pediatr 2005; 147:302-5. [PMID: 16182665 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2004] [Revised: 04/15/2005] [Accepted: 05/06/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the performance of a strategy in which, after immunoreactive trypsinogen (IRT) determination, genetic analysis is replaced by a biological test, the pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). STUDY DESIGN The French newborn screening program includes cystic fibrosis (CF) screening by the IRT/CFTR mutation strategy. PAP was assayed on screening cards, in parallel with IRT, in all newborns from 5 French regions (n = 204,749). Analysis of PAP values in CF and non-CF newborns with elevated IRT allowed direct comparison between the current strategy and the proposed IRT/PAP strategy. RESULTS A protocol in which newborns with IRT >50 ng/mL and PAP >1.8 ng/mL and those with IRT >100 ng/mL and PAP >1.0 ng/mL are directly recalled for sweat testing would have the same performance as the IRT/CFTR mutation strategy. CONCLUSIONS The IRT/PAP strategy is an alternative for CF newborn screening, which avoids the drawbacks of genetic analysis and is cheaper and easier to implement than the current IRT/CFTR mutation strategy.
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Stratton L, Wu S, Richards RC, Vanya Ewart K. Oligomerisation and carbohydrate binding in an Atlantic salmon serum C-type lectin consistent with non-self recognition. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2004; 17:315-323. [PMID: 15312658 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2004.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2003] [Revised: 12/12/2003] [Accepted: 04/08/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A C-type lectin was previously isolated from the blood of healthy Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and this salmon serum lectin (SSL) was found to opsonise bacteria. Selective binding to bacteria in vivo requires that the lectin be able to recognise a carbohydrate pattern on the bacterial surface distinguishable from that of the host. In order to investigate this selectivity in the lectin, a phage-display antibody was prepared and then used for detection of lectin by Western blotting. A carbohydrate binding-inhibition assay with Western blot detection of the lectin showed mannose to be the primary ligand and related sugars including glucose, N-acetylglucosamine and methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside to be additional ligands of this lectin. The SSL in serum detected by Western blotting was shown to form a complex oligomer. These results show that the salmon serum lectin is oligomeric in blood and that it recognizes a broad spectrum of carbohydrates with optimal binding to mannose. The lectin might therefore be an ideal opsonin for multiple salmon pathogens with carbohydrate arrays on their surfaces. No similar lectins were identified in the sera of other fish by Western blotting using the phage-display antibody. Molecular analysis will be required in order to determine whether homologous lectins are expressed in related fish species. It is anticipated that similar lectins might have related pathogen recognition roles in divergent fish species.
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Høgdall EVS, Ryan A, Kjaer SK, Blaakaer J, Christensen L, Bock JE, Glud E, Jacobs IJ, Høgdall CK. Loss of heterozygosity on the X chromosome is an independent prognostic factor in ovarian carcinoma. Cancer 2004; 100:2387-95. [PMID: 15160342 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.20213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is the fifth most frequent female cancer type and the fourth most frequent cause of death from cancer among women in Denmark. At the time they are diagnosed with OC, approximately 70% of patients have advanced disease. It is believed that loss of tumor suppressor gene activity plays an important role in the origin and progression of OC and other malignancies. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) may be detected in individuals heterozygous for an allele and is associated with loss of function of tumor suppressor genes. METHODS The polymorphic marker regions (TP53, CACNLB1, D18S58, DXS538, and DXS454) were amplified by polymerase chain reaction followed by separation using gel electrophoresis before LOH was identified. In total, 160 women with primary epithelial OC were included in the study. RESULTS Univariate analyses showed significant differences in survival between patients who had advanced OC with LOH or with retention using the microsatellite markers DXS454 (P = 0.04) and DXS538 (P = 0.01). Multivariate Cox regression analysis that included all patients showed that DXS454 (relative hazard [RH] = 3.5; P = 0.002; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.6-7.8), radicality of primary surgery (RH = 5.5; P < 0.0001; 95% CI, 2.7-11.1), and serum tetranectin level (RH = 0.8; P = 0.009; 95% CI, 0.7-0.9) were independent prognostic factors for survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis restricted to patients with International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology Stage III-IV disease showed that DXS454 (RH = 3.4; P = 0.007; 95% CI, 1.4-8.1), radicality of primary surgery (RH = 5.4; P < 0.0001; 95% CI, 2.2-12.9), and serum tetranectin level (RH = 0.8; P = 0.042; 95% CI, 0.7-1.0) were independent prognostic factors. CONCLUSIONS LOH at DXS454 (Xq21-q23) appeared to be correlated with reduced survival in patients with OC.
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MESH Headings
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/genetics
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/pathology
- Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous/surgery
- Adult
- Aged
- Calcium Channels/genetics
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/genetics
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/pathology
- Carcinoma, Endometrioid/surgery
- Chromosomes, Human, X/genetics
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/genetics
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/pathology
- Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous/surgery
- DNA, Neoplasm/blood
- DNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- Denmark
- Female
- Genes, p53/genetics
- Humans
- Lectins, C-Type/blood
- Loss of Heterozygosity
- Microsatellite Repeats
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/genetics
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/pathology
- Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial/surgery
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/pathology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/surgery
- Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Prognosis
- Survival Rate
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Saruhan-Direskeneli G, Uyar FA, Cefle A, Onder SC, Eksioglu-Demiralp E, Kamali S, Inanç M, Ocal L, Gül A. Expression of KIR and C-type lectin receptors in Behcet's disease. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2003; 43:423-7. [PMID: 14679294 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/keh063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Behçet's disease (BD) is a multisystemic disorder with a possible underlying pathology of immune-mediated vasculitis. Genetic susceptibility associated with HLA-B*51 and B*2702 has been implicated in its pathogenesis. Considering the recently defined regulatory mechanisms of NK cells through HLA class I binding receptors, we hypothesized that interactions of NK and T cells through the NK receptors may be important in the pathogenesis of BD. METHODS The impact of different expression patterns of HLA-recognizing receptors on NK or T cells was analysed in 51 patients with BD and 32 healthy controls. We used flow cytometry to investigate the expression of KIR3DL1 from the polymorphic killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) family, which binds a shared HLA-Bw4 motif on HLA-B51 and *2702 alleles, and CD94 from the conserved C-type lectin receptor family, which binds HLA-E. Thirty-three of the BD patients and 19 of the controls carried the same HLA-Bw4 motif. RESULTS CD3(+) T cells were increased in patients with BD compared with controls (81 vs 75%, P = 0.001), whereas the NK cells did not show any difference between the two groups. Increased expression of CD94 in BD was observed on CD16(+)CD56(+) cells (66 vs 57, P = 0.04) and on CD3(+) (7.7 vs 4.0, P < 0.001) and CD3(+)CD56(+) (44 vs 35, P = 0.02) T cells. KIR3DL1 expression on the NK and T cells was not statistically different between the two groups. No effect of HLA-Bw4 motif was observed on the expression of CD94 and KIR3DL1 in both the patients and the controls. CONCLUSION The absence of a correlation between KIR3DL1 expression and HLA-Bw4 motif confirms previous work reporting that the expression of these molecules is regulated separately. Increased expression of CD94 may suggest that NK receptors play a pathogenic or regulatory role in BD.
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