101
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Panigrahi I, Mahapatra M, Pati HP, Kumar R, Naithani R, Wadhwa S, Choudhry VP, Saxena R, Chatterjee T. Hairy cell leukemia: Clinical, pathological and ultrastructural findings in Asian-Indians. Indian J Cancer 2008; 45:41-4. [DOI: 10.4103/0019-509x.41768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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102
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Gupta PK, Kannan M, Chatterjee T, Dixit A, Mahapatra M, Choudhry VP, Saxena R. Acquired von Willebrand's disease associated with gastrointestinal angiodysplasia: a case report. Haemophilia 2006; 12:452-5. [PMID: 16834752 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2006.01301.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Acquired von Willebrand syndrome (AVWS) is a rare and probably underestimated bleeding disorder which mimics most of the clinical symptoms and laboratory features of hereditary von Willebrand disease (VWD) in patients devoid of both personal and family history of bleeding diathesis. In this study, we present a case of 55 yrs male patient, presented with gastrointestinal bleeds since three years, diagnosed to have AVWS with inhibitors. From this study it is concluded that AVWS is rare and it is important to diagnose this bleeding disorder so that appropriate treatment with plasmapheresis and IV:Ig can effectively correct the haemostatic defect and manage severe bleeding in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Gupta
- Department of Haematoloy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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103
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Chatterjee T, Naithani R, Agrawal N, Bhattacharya J, Bhattacharya M, Dutta P, Pati HP, Mahapatra M, Choudhary VP. Disseminated Langerhans cell histiocytosis-an interesting case report with concise review of literature. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2006; 49:248-50. [PMID: 16933727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
A 2-year-old boy presented with fever, recurrent infections and multiple skin lesions. He had anemia, eczematous skin lesions, cervical lymph node enlargement, hepatomegaly and lytic lesions on skull x-ray. The skin infiltrates were CD 68, CD 1a positive and S100 positive. He was diagnosed as disseminated langerhans cell histiocytosis. The occurrence of histiocytosis is reviewed and possible treatment is discussed.
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104
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Dutta P, Bhattacharya J, Karak AK, Gupta M, Chatterjee T, Srinivas U, Mishra P, Saxena R. Angiogenesis in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) in Indian patients. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2006; 49:218-20. [PMID: 16933718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in the pathogenesis of haematological neoplasms and may be correlated with the prognosis. We recently evaluated the microvessel densities in trephine biopsy sections of seventeen patients of myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Of the 17 cases, 2 were RAEB-t, 3 were RAEB, one was RARS and 11 were of the subtype RA (FAB subtyping). The microvessel counts were measured in the bone marrow biopsy sections by immunohistochemical staining, using CD34 reactive monoclonal antibodies. MVD was significantly higher in the cases of RAEB and RAEB-t as compared to the cases of RA. The average MVD per x400 in the cases of RA was 5.7 +/- 4.7 with a median value of 4.65 (range 19) whereas it was 45.4 +/- 10.0 and 44.0 (range 27.3) respectively in RAEB and RAEB-t (p <.001), the 95% confidence interval being (2.94, 8.5) and (36.6, 54.3), for the two groups respectively. This finding may imply that subtypes of MDS with a higher tendency for converting to acute leukaemia are associated with increased angiogenesis as compared to other subtypes where the risk of progression to acute leukaemia is much lower.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Dutta
- Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi
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105
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Chatterjee T, Ritz A, Rehders TC, Ince H, Kische S, Petzsch M, Nienaber CA. Percutaneous transcatheter closure of patent foramen ovale. Minerva Cardioangiol 2006; 54:31-9. [PMID: 16467740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In presence of a patent foramen ovale (PFO) with cryptogenic cerebral embolism, traditional therapy consists of oral anticoagulation or antiplatelet therapy. Surgery was considered only in case of recurrence. Transcatheter closure of PFO is currently performed. The availability of new user friendly devices and the increasing knowledge of pathophysiology, epidemiology, and follow-up of these patients has broadened the indications and marked reduced morbidity related to interventional PFO closure. This review presents the current knowledge and our own data concerning transcatheter closure of PFO.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital Rostock, Rostock, Germany.
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106
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Adolph E, Chatterjee T, Ince H, Eckard H, Rehders T, Kische S, Drawert S, Petzsch M, Nienaber CA. [Contrast-media-induced nephrotoxicity]. Dtsch Med Wochenschr 2005; 130:2391-6. [PMID: 16235148 DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-918582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of diagnostic and therapeutic catheterization is increasing and so is the exposure to radiocontrast media. As a consequence, an increasing incidence of contrast media-associated nephropathy is being observed. This article reviews pathogenesis, clinical symptoms and preventive measures of contrast media-associated nephropathy. Most important prophylactic measures is identification of high-risk patients, careful selection to be exposed to contrast media, application of non-ionic low osmolality or -- most recently -- iso-osmolality contrast media, adjusted hydration with isotonic saline before/during catheter interventions, and potentially the administration of acetylcysteine.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Adolph
- Universität Rostock, Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin, Abteilung für Kardiologie
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107
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Seal A, Dey M, Chatterjee T. Specificities of binding of different inhibitors of cathepsins. Acta Crystallogr A 2005. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767305092822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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108
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Gupta PK, Gupta M, Chatterjee T, Saxena R. Comparative evaluation of whole blood D-dimer test to plasma D-dimer test for diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation. Indian J Exp Biol 2005; 43:382-4. [PMID: 15875726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Three rapid D-dimer test methods were compared for the diagnosis of acute disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). These were (a) SimpliRED, an autologous red cell agglutination assay. (b) DIMERTEST latex agglutination assay, containing monoclonal antibody DD-3B6/22(6), and (c) D-DI latex agglutination assay containing mouse anti-human D-dimer monoclonal antibodies. The D-DI latex method having higher sensitivity (100%) and specificity (81%) in clinically acute DIC was postulated as the gold standard and compared with the other two methods. The results suggest that D-DI latex agglutination assay containing mouse anti-human D-Dimer monoclonal antibodies are the better assay methods amongst all the three kits analyzed. It is advisable to look for the nature of the antibody used to coat the latex particles in plasma based kits. In emergency setting RBC kits may be of some use as rapid diagnosis is advantageous.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Gupta
- Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India
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109
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110
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Chatterjee T, Dixit A, Mohapatra M, Tyagi S, Gupta PK, Mishra P, Bhattacharya M, Karan AS, Pati HP, Saxena R, Choudhry VP. Clinical, haematological and histomorphological profile of adult myelodysplastic syndrome. Study of 96 cases in a single institute. Eur J Haematol 2004; 73:93-7. [PMID: 15245507 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0609.2004.00271.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are clonal haematopoietic stem cell disorders characterised by ineffective and dyspoietic haematopoiesis. The natural history of these disorders is variable and ranges from a chronic to a rapid course towards leukaemic progression. Certain shortcomings have been encountered in the French-American-British (FAB) classification over the years, and therefore there is a need for an alternative method of classification. In 1999, the WHO published a revised classification of MDS. In the present study, we have analysed the clinical, haematological and histomorphological features in 96 cases of primary MDS seen in the department of haematology at the All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) over a 6-yr period (1996-2001). Both FAB and WHO classifications have been incorporated and the Bournemouth scoring system applied in each case at presentation. The Bournemouth scoring system, in the absence of a cytogenetic study, offers a good prognostication and long-term survival estimate.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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111
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Mishra P, Chatterjee T, Dixit A, Choudhry VP, Kumar R, Saxena R. Secondary severe factor X deficiency associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. Am J Hematol 2004; 76:311. [PMID: 15224378 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.20085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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112
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Gupta PK, Ahmed R, Kannan M, Chatterjee T, Choudhry VP, Saxena R. Platelet factor 3 availability test: an effective screening test for types 1 and 2 von Willebrand disease. Ann Hematol 2004; 83:489-90. [PMID: 15052373 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-004-0872-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2003] [Accepted: 11/27/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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113
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Mishra PP, Mahapatra M, Choudhry VP, Saxena R, Pati H, Dixit A, Anupama R, Bhattacharya J, Chatterjee T, Dutta P. Synchronous occurrence of breast carcinoma and acute myeloid leukemia: case report and review of the literature. Ann Hematol 2004; 83:541-3. [PMID: 14963697 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-004-0852-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2003] [Accepted: 01/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of breast carcinoma, which was followed by acute leukemia within 1 month of diagnosis of the former. She had undergone a modified radical mastectomy for her breast cancer and had not received chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Acute leukemia as a result of chemotherapy for breast carcinoma is well known. However, patients developing synchronous breast carcinoma and acute leukemia, in the absence of any chemotherapy or radiotherapy, are rare.
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Affiliation(s)
- P P Mishra
- Department of Haematology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansarinagar, New Delhi, India
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114
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Abstract
Brachytherapy is a proposed treatment for in-stent restenosis and is the subject of several clinical trials and debates. The standard treatment of patients with variant angina is to eliminate vasoconstrictive factors and to administer vasodilating drugs. This is the first description of successful brachytherapy for coronary spasm.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Division of Cardiology, Kantonsspital Luzern, Lucerne, Switzerland.
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115
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Satyanarayana S, Kalghatgi AT, Malaviya AK, Bhardwaj JR, Muralidhar A, Jawed KZ, Chatterjee T, Trehan A, Sirohi D. Needle necropsy in AIDS. INDIAN J PATHOL MICR 2003; 46:416-9. [PMID: 15025288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The value of autopsy in understanding the natural course of any disease is beyond any argument. The reluctance of pathologists to perform autopsy in HIV infected cadavers is justified due to the risks involved to the prosector and the morgue attendants. A relative low risk needle necropsy protocol is proposed using fine needle aspiration cytology, tru-cut biopsies and microbiological examination. Diagnosis could be offered in all the forty-four needle necropsies performed. Disseminated tuberculosis in 18/44 (40.9%) cases, disseminated cryptococcosis in 12/44 (27.2%) cases, poly-microbial infections in 27.2% cases and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in 9% cases were detected in the study. Infectious agents like Histoplasma capsulatum, Isospora belli, tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii, Candida sp and Cryptococcus sp could be demonstrated in the samples obtained in the study. Lack of material for study of gross pathology, inaccessibility of deep-seated lesions and risk of needle stick injury to the prosector though low are the limitations of this procedure.
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116
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Chatterjee T, Schroeder V, Windecker S, Meier B, Kohler HP. Venous and intracoronary factor XIII A-subunit antigen and activity levels are not associated with extent of coronary artery disease. J Thromb Haemost 2003; 1:861-3. [PMID: 12871433 DOI: 10.1046/j.1538-7836.2003.t01-8-00115.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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117
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118
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Abstract
Elimination of unwanted side-effects, especially transfusion-transmitted diseases (HIV and hepatitis) and leucocyte-mediated allosensitisation, is an important goal of modern transfusion medicine. The problems and high cost factor involved in collecting and storing human blood and the pending world-wide shortages are the other driving forces contributing towards the development of blood substitutes. Two major areas of research in this endeavour are haemoglobin-based oxygen carriers (HBOCs) and perfluorochemicals. Even though they do not qualify as perfect red blood cell substitutes, these 'oxygen carrying solutions' have many potential clinical and non clinical usages. These can reach tissues more easily than normal red cells and can deliver oxygen directly. These are not without adverse effects, and extensive clinical trials are being conducted to test their safety and efficacy. New understandings on the mode of action of these products will help to define their utility and application. Only after successful clinical trials can they be used for patient management, after approval by the FDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Goorha
- Commandant, Armed Forces Medical Store Depot, Delhi Cantt - 110 010
| | - Prabal Deb
- Graded Specialist (Pathology), IMTRAT, C/o 99 APO
| | - T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt
| | - P S Dhot
- Commanding Officer, Armed Forces Transfusion Centre, Delhi Cantt
| | - R S Prasad
- Deputy Director Medical Services, Head Quarter DGBR, Kashmir House, DHQPO, New Delhi - 110 011
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119
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Schroeder V, Chatterjee T, Kohler HP. Influence of blood coagulation factor XIII and FXIII Val34Leu on plasma clot formation measured by thrombelastography. Thromb Res 2001; 104:467-74. [PMID: 11755957 DOI: 10.1016/s0049-3848(01)00395-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Blood coagulation factor XIII (FXIII) plays an important role in the final stage of the blood coagulation process. Thrombelastography (TEG) enables global assessment of the hemostatic function. The present study tested for the first time the specificity and sensitivity of the rotation thrombelastography (ROTEG: rotation thrombelastography) method for the influence of FXIII and the FXIIIVal34Leu polymorphism on thrombelastograms measured in citrated plasma. Three thrombelastographic parameters were determined in (a) citrated pool plasma, (b) FXIII-deficient plasma, (c) different mixtures of both, and (d) in 60 plasma samples genotyped for FXIIIVal34Leu. Thrombelastograms from FXIII-deficient plasma were significantly smaller than those from pool plasma (8 mm vs. 20.9 mm). Increasing amounts of pool plasma added to FXIII-deficient plasma led to an increase in maximum clot firmness (MCF). FXIIIVal34Leu showed an influence on clot formation time (CFT) values, which decreased with increasing number of Leu alleles. The difference between the wild type and the homozygote mutant genotype was statistically significant (median 185.3 vs. 86.0 s, P=.031). ROTEG is a simple but effective method for the investigation of FXIII function in plasma. The ROTEG method has shown to be not only specific for the FXIII influence, as effects exclusively dependent on FXIII could be observed, but also sensitive, as already smallest amounts of FXIII could be detected. Additionally, the impact of a common genetic polymorphism on ROTEG could be shown for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Schroeder
- Laboratory for Thrombosis Research, University Hospital of Bern, Inselspital, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
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120
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Kamler M, Chatterjee T, Stemberger A, Gebhard MM, Hagl S, Jakob H. Hirudin protects from leukocyte/endothelial cell interaction induced by extracorporeal circulation. Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001; 49:157-61. [PMID: 11432474 DOI: 10.1055/s-2001-14293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The clinical complications of Extracorporeal Circulation (ECC) have been linked to disturbances in the microcirculation. In order to prevent these deleterious effects, a biodegradeable agent to coat the extracorporeal circuit was tested. METHODS Intravital fluorescence microscopy was used on the hamster skinfold chamber model in permanently instrumented, awake animals. ECC was introduced via a micro-roller-pump and a silicon tube shunted between the carotid artery and the jugular vein. The ECC-tube system was coated with PEG-Hirudin-Iloprost, two additional groups received either Iloprost i.v. (0.8 mg/kg/h) or Hirudin i.v. (1 mg/kg b.w.). RESULTS ECC for 20 minutes resulted in an increase in rolling and adherent leukocytes in postcapillary venules (Roller 9 to 36 [%]; Sticker 24 to 330 [n/mm2]). Use of the coated tube system reduced L/E cell interaction (Roller 9 to 24* [%], Sticker 28 to 194* [n/mm2]; *p<0.05), whereas Hirudin i.v. nearly abolished it. CONCLUSIONS The protective effects of the coating and of Hirudin i.v are probably a result of an attenuated activation of the coagulation-fibrinolytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kamler
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Essen, Germany.
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121
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Abstract
From a study of three fungal and 15 bacterial strains, it was observed that Pseudomonas putida MTCC 1072 oxidized limonene with the highest efficiency of. Fermentation of limonene by P. putida MTCC 1072 was conducted for 120 h at 30 degrees C at a fixed pH of 5.0. Major bioconversion products were isolated and characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, and by elemental analysis. The bioconversion products were identified as perillyl alcohol and p-menth-1-ene-6,8-diol, and under optimum conditions the yields were 36% and 44%, respectively (a rate kinetic model indicated corresponding limiting yields of 44% and 56%). No further degradation of the products was observed using this bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical Technology, University Colleges of Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, India.
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122
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Abstract
Studies of the hydrolysis of bornyl, citronellyl, geranyl, and terpenyl acetates by commercially available lipases of Candida rugosa, Rhizopus arrhizus, and Mucor miehei are presented. The hydrolysis of these monoterpene esters is investigated at various temperatures and pHs, and the time dependence of the percentage of esters hydrolysed is studied. The catalytic activities of the lipases in hydrolysing the esters are compared and, overall, it is observed that under the experimental conditions used the nonspecific lipase from C. rugosa produces the highest yields of the monoterpene alcohols in comparison to the primary-ester specific lipases such as R. arrhizus and M. miehei. A rate kinetic model has been used to understand the time dependence of the yield of the product acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical Technology, University Colleges of Science and Technology, University of Calcutta, India
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123
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Chatterjee T. SUPRASELLAR PAPILLARY SQUAMOUS EPITHELIOMA (PAPILLARY CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA): Reply. Med J Armed Forces India 2001; 57:183. [PMID: 27407336 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(01)80161-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt 110 010
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124
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Chatterjee T. ABNORMÀL CYTOLOGY REPORT AND FURTHER MANAGEMENT OF PRECANCEROUS LESION: EFFECT OF CHANGE TO TBS: Reply. Med J Armed Forces India 2001; 57:182. [PMID: 27407335 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(01)80158-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt - 10
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125
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Ray SK, Biswas R, Kumar S, Chatterjee T, Misra R, Lahiri SK. Reproductive health needs and care seeking behaviour of pavement dwellers of Calcutta. J Indian Med Assoc 2001; 99:142-3, 145. [PMID: 11478757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
An unabated growth of street dwellers in the city of Calcutta is reported to be due to twin reasons like, migration of rural poor people as well as uncontrolled fertility among these poor settlers of the city. A community-based study on reproductive health, fertility and related care seeking behaviour was studied among a sample of women of child bearing age living on streets of Calcutta. Besides, the quite common conditions like leucorrhoea (28.5%), menstrual irregularities (12.3%), infertility (2.5%) and STDs (1.3%) were also reported. But most of these illnesses (three-fourth) were uncared for, and the remaining one-fourth sought treatment from govemment institutions, private agencies or even from untrained practitioners (quacks). The reproductive behaviour of street dwelling women was characterised by early marriage, teenage pregnancies, and scarce use of contraceptives (32%) as well as frequent abortions (2.8%). Very few pregnant women received adequate antenatal care (3.8%). Coverage of tetanus toxoid immunisation (68.5%) and proper iron and folic acid supplementation (16.7%) were also poor. Whereas, antenatal care was received mostly from government health institutions (71%), home delivery (ie, on street) was a common practice and conducted mostly by untrained birth attendants (51.8%).
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ray
- Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Calcutta
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126
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Chatterjee T, Behrend P, Mahler F, Baumgartner I. Arteritis of the temporal and subclavian artery. Vasc Med 2001; 5:125. [PMID: 10943589 DOI: 10.1177/1358836x0000500209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Division of Angiology and Cardiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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127
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Berdat PA, Chatterjee T, Pfammatter JP, Windecker S, Meier B, Carrel T. Surgical management of complications after transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect or patent foramen ovale. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2000; 120:1034-9. [PMID: 11088023 DOI: 10.1067/mtc.2000.111054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During recent years, transcatheter closure has become an alternative to operations for the treatment of atrial septal defects and patent foramen ovale. However, this procedure may be unsuccessful or complicated and requires surgical treatment. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the outcomes of patients who needed surgical treatment after failed or complicated transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect or a patent foramen ovale. RESULTS Between April 1994 and March 1999, 124 patients were treated with transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect or a patent foramen ovale at our institution. We report the results of 10 (8%) patients of this series who required operations after transcatheter closure attempts. In 8 of these 10 patients a significant shunt caused by malposition or dislocation of the device persisted, leading to surgical closure of the defect. In 2 patients injury of the femoral artery at the puncture site required surgical repair. In one patient the device had to be removed surgically from the iliac vein after retraction. One patient died of left ventricular perforation after dislocation of the device and several surgical attempts to close the left ventricular rupture. All other patients recovered well. CONCLUSION An operation was required after transcatheter closure of an atrial septal defect or a patent foramen ovale in 8% of patients. After device complications, the atrial septal defect and the patent foramen ovale can still successfully be closed surgically with good results and low morbidity. However, serious complications like cardiac perforation may have a fatal outcome. Residual shunt, dislocation, or vascular complications are the most frequent problems that require surgical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Berdat
- Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern and the Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
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128
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Korsakas S, Chatterjee T, Reber PU, Bockisch G, Birrer M. [Giant, isolated aneurysms of the common iliac artery]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 2000; 130:1501. [PMID: 11075415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Korsakas
- Angiologisch-gefässchirurgische Poliklinik, Schweizer Herz- und Gefässzentrum Bern, Universitätsspital (Inselspital)
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129
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Pfister M, Chatterjee T, Walther F, Vogt B, Baumgartner I. "Kissing balloon technique" for bilateral iliac artery obstruction in retroperitoneal fibrosis. Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2000; 20:394-6. [PMID: 11035974 DOI: 10.1053/ejvs.2000.1181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Pfister
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Radiology, Berne, Switzerland
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130
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Abstract
Interest in the knowledge of salivary gland tumours is highlighted. A sample of 315 cases, collected over a period of 25 years in a busy pathology centre, is analysed both on total and individual aspects of tumours. The findings are compared to earlier works on the subject and also with contemporary literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Path), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt 110 010
| | - P K Panda
- Professor of Pathology, Government Medical College, Jabalpur-482 003
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131
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Aeschbacher BC, Chatterjee T, Meier B. Transesophageal echocardiography to evaluate success of transcatheter closure of large secundum atrial septal defects in adults using the buttoned device. Mayo Clin Proc 2000; 75:913-20. [PMID: 10994827 DOI: 10.4065/75.9.913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the success rate of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASDs) in adults and to characterize anatomical structures predisposing to unsatisfactory results. PATIENTS AND METHODS Preinterventional and follow-up transesophageal echocardiography of 17 consecutive patients treated with a Sideris buttoned device was reviewed. Residual jet size of 5 mm or smaller was considered an adequate result; jet size larger than 5 mm was inadequate. Maximal ASD diameter, ASD area, and anterior, posterior, superior, and inferior septal rims were measured. RESULTS The 7 patients with adequate results (41%) had smaller defects before implantation of a buttoned device (mean +/- SD maximal ASD diameter, 12 +/- 4 vs 19 +/- 5 mm; P<.005). Total rim length (mean +/- SD) was longer in patients with an adequate result (71 +/- 8 vs 46 +/- 11 mm; P<.001). The ASD size and length of the superior septal rim were independent predictors for an adequate result. Only 3 patients, all with ASD diameter less than 13 mm, had completely closed defects. All patients with ASD diameter greater than 20 mm had inadequate results and an unsatisfactory device position. The defect size (mean +/- SD) was similarly reduced in patients with adequate and inadequate results (9 +/- 3 vs 8 +/- 4 mm). CONCLUSION Adults with a small ASD are more likely to have an adequate result after treatment with the buttoned device. A sufficiently large superior septal rim is particularly important for an adequate result. Most patients with a large ASD have inadequate results, although their ASD size is reduced by a similar absolute area as in patients with an adequate result.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Aeschbacher
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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132
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Chatterjee T. METASTATIC MALIGNANT MELANOMA BREAST-FNAC DIAGNOSIS. Med J Armed Forces India 2000; 56:276. [PMID: 28790739 PMCID: PMC5532106 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30206-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt 110 010
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133
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Chatterjee T, Windecker S, Pfammatter JP, Seiler C, Meier B. [Non-surgical closure of patent ductus arteriosus: acute and long-term results]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 2000; 130:664-70. [PMID: 10846759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Closure of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) even with small shunt volumes in asymptomatic patients is recommended because of the risk of endocarditis (1.5% per year) and the potential development of congestive heart failure or pulmonary hypertension. METHODS 16 patients (9 adults [5 men/4 women] and 7 children [3 boys/4 girls]) underwent transcatheter closure of a PDA. The intervention was performed using the Rashkind umbrella in 12 cases, the Amplatzer duct occluder in 2 cases, a coil in 2 cases, and the Sideris self-adjusting device in one case. Echocardiographic controls were carried out one day, 6 months, 12 months and 24 months after the intervention. RESULTS PDA closure was complete immediately following the intervention in 9 of 16 patients (56%). At follow-up (mean 19 months) complete closure was observed in 14 of 16 patients (87%). All residual shunts were trivial. The complete closure rate in adults was 100% and in children 71%. Complications such as device embolism, endarteritis and haemolysis did not occur. CONCLUSION Non-surgical closure of a PDA is a safe and effective technique.
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Zehnder T, Chatterjee T, Mahler F, Do DD. Successful ultrasonographically guided compression repair of a dialysis fistula pseudoaneurysm. J Ultrasound Med 2000; 19:329-331. [PMID: 10811406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Zehnder
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Bern, Inselspital, Switzerland
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135
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Chatterjee T, Behrend P, Mahler F, Baumgartner I. Images in vascular medicine: Arteritis of the temporal and subclavian artery. Vasc Med 2000. [DOI: 10.1191/135886300670022478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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136
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Chatterjee T, Desai S, Lakhtakia R, Gill SS, Satyanarayana S. SUPRASELLAR PAPILLARY SQUAMOUS EPITHELIOMA (PAPILLARY CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA). Med J Armed Forces India 2000; 56:158-160. [PMID: 28790684 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30137-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Graded Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt-10
| | | | - R Lakhtakia
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Department of Pathology, AIIMS, New Delhi
| | - S S Gill
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Command Hospital (SC), Pune 40
| | - S Satyanarayana
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Command Path Lab (WC), New Delhi-10
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Graded Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt-10
| | - Rajat Jagani
- Post Graduate Trainee (Pathology), Command Path Lab(SC), Pune 40
| | - A K Sabhiki
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Command Hospital (AF), Bangalore 560007
| | - Yogesh Chander
- Reader (Microbiology), Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411 040
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138
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Chatterjee T, Zenklusen RM. [What is your diagnosis? Bilateral abscess forming pneumonia]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2000; 89:563-565. [PMID: 10815462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Departement Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Inselspital, Bern
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139
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Chatterjee T, Kohler HP, Zenklusen RM. [Varicella pneumonia]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 2000; 130:409. [PMID: 10774005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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140
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Windecker S, Wahl A, Chatterjee T, Garachemani A, Eberli FR, Seiler C, Meier B. Percutaneous closure of patent foramen ovale in patients with paradoxical embolism: long-term risk of recurrent thromboembolic events. Circulation 2000; 101:893-8. [PMID: 10694529 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.101.8.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 308] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with a patent foramen ovale (PFO) and paradoxical embolism are at risk for recurrent thromboembolic events. This study investigated the long-term risk of recurrent thromboembolic events in patients with PFO and paradoxical embolism after percutaneous PFO closure. METHODS AND RESULTS Since 1994, a total of 80 patients with PFO and at least 1 paradoxical embolic event (transient ischemic attack [TIA], cerebrovascular accident [CVA], peripheral embolism) have undergone percutaneous PFO closure with 5 different devices. There were 30 women and 50 men, with a mean age of 52+/-12 years. Sixty patients had only a PFO, whereas 20 patients had both a PFO and an atrial septal aneurysm. The implantation procedure was successful in 78 patients (98%). During 5 years of follow-up (mean, 1.6+/-1.4 years; range, 0.1 to 5.0 years), the actuarial annual risk to suffer a recurrent thromboembolic event was 2.5% for TIA, 0% for CVA, 0.9% for peripheral emboli, and 3.4% for the combined end point of TIA, CVA, or peripheral embolism. A postprocedural shunt was a predictor of recurrent paradoxical embolism (RR, 4.2; 95% CI, 1.1 to 17.8; P=0.03). The risk for recurrent thromboembolic events in patients with both atrial septal aneurysm and PFO was not significantly increased compared with patients with only PFO (RR, 1.0; 95% CI, 0.2 to 4.7; P=0.95). CONCLUSIONS Percutaneous PFO closure appears to be a promising technique in the prevention of recurrent systemic thromboembolism in patients with a PFO after a first event. Prospective studies comparing percutaneous PFO closure with antithrombotic medications or surgery must define its therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Windecker
- Swiss Cardiovascular Center Bern, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
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141
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Chatterjee T, Gill SS, Rac R. STANDARDIZATION OF CERVICAL/VAGINAL CYTOPATHOLOGY REPORTING: THE BETHESDA SYSTEM (TBS) FOR REPORTING CERVICAL/VAGINAL CYTOLOGIC DIAGNOSES. Med J Armed Forces India 2000; 56:45-49. [PMID: 28790644 PMCID: PMC5531959 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The complex detection system leading to the discovery and treatment of precancerous lesions and early cancers of the uterine cervix is touched upon. By far the most difficult and underestimated component of this system is the screening and interpretation of cervical smears. Emphasis on the latest system of reporting, The Bethesda system is highlighted upon. Weaker points of the previous systems and the need for a newer system for reporting are stressed upon. The classification of the precursors of invasive squamous cancers is not easy, and various groups have advocated several schemes, none is yet perfect or universally accepted. The variation in nomenclature become less significant when the cytopathologist is a full member of a team made up of a clinician, histopathologist, colposcopist, and oncologist. As long as all members speak to each other frequently and use the same language and terminology, they will be able to determine the best treatment for the patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Graded Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt 110 010
| | - S S Gill
- Classified Specialist, (Pathology), MDTC, Command Hospital (SC), Pune 411 040
| | - Ramji Rac
- Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411 040
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142
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Chatterjee T, Samdup D. HENOCH SCHONLEIN PURPURA. Med J Armed Forces India 2000; 56:85-86. [PMID: 28790660 PMCID: PMC5531998 DOI: 10.1016/s0377-1237(17)30107-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt-10
| | - Dawa Samdup
- Paediatrician, Jigme Dorgi Wangchuk National Referral Hospital, Thimpu, Bhutan
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Abstract
The histogenesis of 10 spindle cell tumors of gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of last three years of our institution was studied, on the basis of immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. The tumours were categorized into benign, borderline malignant and malignant, mainly based on the histologic parameters (HP) such as predominant cell type, cellularity, type of growth pattern, mitotic figures etc. The study included 7 males and 3 females in the age group from 21 to 56 years. 4 tumors were located in stomach and 6 in the small intestine. The initial symptoms included pain abdomen, palpable mass and general weakness. There were 7 benign, 1 borderline and 2 malignant leiomyomatous tumors according to the histologic parameters we followed. Vimentin, desmin, S-100, and non-specific enolase (NSE) were the immunological markers used to identify the cellular lineage. Smooth muscle differentiation was demonstrated by nine (6 benign and 3 malignant) tumours. One male patient (Case 1), originally reported as leiomyoma based on HP, was positive for S-100 and NSE. Another case, a female, categorised as leiomyosarcoma, showed dual differentiation toward myogenic and neural elements on IHC staining (Case 2). IHC study played important role in the identification of cellular differentiation of these tumors as the same was not possible on light microscopic findings alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailash Chand
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Military Hospital (CTC) Pune
| | - T Chatterjee
- Classified Specialist (Pathology), Base Hospital, Delhi Cantt
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Kamler M, Chatterjee T, Jakob H, Stemberger A, Gebhard MM, Hagl S. In vivo leucocyte-endothelial cell interaction induced by extracorporeal circulation: reduction by a coated tube system. Crit Care 1999. [PMCID: PMC3300187 DOI: 10.1186/cc315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Abstract
Femoral artery pseudoaneurysm (PA) is a significant complication following diagnostic or therapeutic catheterization. The treatment of choice for femoral artery PA is freehand ultrasound-guided compression repair (UGCR). An alternative method is compression by mechanical devices. The study evaluated the mechanical compression device (FemoStop) with (G1) or without (G2) ultrasound guidance for initial placement in a randomized fashion. Thirty-eight patients (20 women, 18 men) age 40 to 85 (mean 54) years with clinical signs of PA underwent diagnostic color Doppler ultrasound. Randomization yielded 19 patients each for G1 and G2. PA occurred after 12 diagnostic cardiac catheterizations, 18 coronary stent implantations or balloon angioplasties, 2 electrophysiology procedures, and 6 peripheral percutaneous transluminal angioplasties. The G1 protocol was successful in 15 of 19 patients (79%), with a mean compression time of 28 min. The three other patients were treated successfully with UGCR. Only one patient needed vascular surgery. The G2 protocol was successful in 14 of 19 patients (74%) with a mean compression time of 33 min. The failed patients were treated successfully: three with UGCR and two with the same mechanical compression device now positioned under ultrasound control. Compression therapy with the compression device (FemoStop) for iatrogenic femoral pseudoaneurysm does not require ultrasound guidance for positioning. Cathet. Cardiovasc. Intervent. 47:304-309, 1999.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chatterjee
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland.
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146
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Chatterjee T, de Marco D, Bürgi U. [Acromegaly]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1999; 129:896. [PMID: 10420446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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147
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148
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Chatterjee T, Aeschbacher B, Meier B. Images in cardiology. Patent foramen ovale. Heart 1999; 81:538. [PMID: 10212175 PMCID: PMC1729036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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149
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Chatterjee T, Frey M, Zehnder T. [Unusual lymphedema of the upper extremity]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 1999; 129:292. [PMID: 10093877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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150
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Ray SK, Mishra R, Biswas R, Kumar S, Halder A, Chatterjee T. Nutritional status of pavement dweller children of Calcutta City. Indian J Public Health 1999; 43:49-54. [PMID: 11243089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pavement dwelling is likely to aggravate malnutrition among its residents due to extreme poverty, lack of dwelling and access to food and their exposure to polluted environment. Paucity of information about nutritional status of street children compared to that among urban slum dwellers, squatters or rural/tribal population is quite evident. The present study revealed the magnitude of Protein Energy Malnutrition (PEM) and few associated factors among a sample of 435 underfives belonging to pavement dweller families and selected randomly from clusters of such families, from each of the five geographical sectors of Calcutta city. Overall prevalence of PEM was found almost similar (about 70%) to that among other 'urban poor' children viz. slum dwellers etc., but about 16% of them were found severely undernourished (Grade III & V of IAP classification of PEM). About 35% and 70% of street dweller children had wasting and stunting respectively. Severe PEM (Grade III & IV) was more prevalent among 12-23 months old, girl child, those belonged to illiterate parents and housewife mothers rather than wage earners. It also did increase with increase of birth rate of decrease of birth interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Ray
- Department of Community Medicine, Medical College, Calcutta
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