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Alehossein P, Taheri M, Tayefeh Ghahremani P, Dakhlallah D, Brown CM, Ishrat T, Nasoohi S. Transplantation of Exercise-Induced Extracellular Vesicles as a Promising Therapeutic Approach in Ischemic Stroke. Transl Stroke Res 2023; 14:211-237. [PMID: 35596116 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-022-01025-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Clinical evidence affirms physical exercise is effective in preventive and rehabilitation approaches for ischemic stroke. This sustainable efficacy is independent of cardiovascular risk factors and associates substantial reprogramming in circulating extracellular vesicles (EVs). The intricate journey of pluripotent exercise-induced EVs from parental cells to the whole-body and infiltration to cerebrovascular entity offers several mechanisms to reduce stroke incidence and injury or accelerate the subsequent recovery. This review delineates the potential roles of EVs as prospective effectors of exercise. The candidate miRNA and peptide cargo of exercise-induced EVs with both atheroprotective and neuroprotective characteristics are discussed, along with their presumed targets and pathway interactions. The existing literature provides solid ground to hypothesize that the rich vesicles link exercise to stroke prevention and rehabilitation. However, there are several open questions about the exercise stressors which may optimally regulate EVs kinetic and boost brain mitochondrial adaptations. This review represents a novel perspective on achieving brain fitness against stroke through transplantation of multi-potential EVs generated by multi-parental cells, which is exceptionally reachable in an exercising body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parsa Alehossein
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.,School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Taheri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.,Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pargol Tayefeh Ghahremani
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran
| | - Duaa Dakhlallah
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences & Engineering, The American University of Cairo, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Candice M Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, and Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Tauheed Ishrat
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sanaz Nasoohi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Daneshjoo Blvd., Chamran Hwy., PO: 19615-1178, Tehran, Iran.
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102
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Huynh K, Nategh L, Jamadar S, Stout J, Georgiou-Karistianis N, Lampit A. Cognition-oriented treatments and physical exercise on cognitive function in Huntington's disease: a systematic review. J Neurol 2023; 270:1857-1879. [PMID: 36513779 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11516-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment is prevalent in Huntington's disease (HD), with no treatments currently available. While cognition-oriented treatments and physical exercise have shown efficacy in improving cognition in other populations, they have not been systematically reviewed in HD. This systematic review aims to examine the effects of cognitive and exercise interventions on cognition in HD, along with effects on psychosocial function, functional independence, and neuroimaging outcomes. Seventeen studies (three cognitive, seven exercise, seven combining cognitive and physical exercise) were included. While there was generally low certainty of evidence, interventions that included cognitive training appeared to have larger effect sizes on cognition, while physical exercise (alone or combined with cognitive rehabilitation or stimulation) showed negligible effect sizes. On the other hand, combined interventions had larger effects on psychosocial function. Finally, effects on functional independence appeared negligible following exercise and combined interventions, and effects on neuroimaging outcomes were inconclusive. Larger studies should seek to confirm the benefits of cognitive and physical interventions, and further explore changes in functional independence and neural outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Huynh
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Leila Nategh
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Sharna Jamadar
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
- Monash Biomedical Imaging, Monash University, 770 Blackburn Rd, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Julie Stout
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Nellie Georgiou-Karistianis
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, 18 Innovation Walk, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
| | - Amit Lampit
- Academic Unit for Psychiatry of Old Age, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Grattan St, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
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Ding Z, Leung PY, Lee TL, Chan AS. Effectiveness of lifestyle medicine on cognitive functions in mild cognitive impairments and dementia: A systematic review on randomized controlled trials. Ageing Res Rev 2023; 86:101886. [PMID: 36806378 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2023.101886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia are associated with lifestyle risk factors, making lifestyle medicine a potentially viable intervention for people with MCI and dementia. The present study aims to examine the effectiveness of lifestyle medicine on cognitive functions among people with MCI and dementia, by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized controlled trials (RCT). A systematic literature search was conducted to extract RCTs adopting lifestyle interventions of diet, exercise, and stress management or emotional well-being. Results showed that 65 studies were eligible. Exercise was the most promising lifestyle intervention that improved various cognitive functions among people with MCI and dementia, and was more effective in MCI than in dementia. Interventions on stress management or emotional well-being did not show a significant effect on people with MCI, and the evidence for people with dementia was insufficient to conclude. Similarly, due to the lack of RCTs on a healthy dietary pattern, the effectiveness of diet interventions was not examined. In conclusion, the exercise component of lifestyle medicine can be an effective and clinically significant intervention for protecting people with MCI and dementia against cognitive declines, especially when served as an early intervention at the stage of MCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Ding
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui-Ying Leung
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tsz-Lok Lee
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Agnes S Chan
- Neuropsychology Laboratory, Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Research Centre for Neuropsychological Well-Being, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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104
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Carvalho ACL, Gomes FDA, Bernardo Silva AV, Araújo MS, Barbosa GM, Avila MA, de Souza MC. Self-care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Development of a virtual educational booklet for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. J Bodyw Mov Ther 2023; 34:74-80. [PMID: 37301561 PMCID: PMC10079320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe the development of a virtual educational booklet for self-care promotion of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis during the COVID-19 pandemics. METHOD This methodological study was conducted in three steps: bibliographic search, development of virtual educational booklet by 12 evaluators and ten representatives of the target audience. A questionnaire adapted from the literature was used to evaluate the educational booklet. The questionnaire consisted of seven items: scientific accuracy, content, language, illustrations, specificity and comprehension, readability, and quality of information. A minimum score of 0.75 in the content validity index (CVI) of each questionnaire item and minimum agreement of 75% among positive responses of postmenopausal women were required to validate the virtual booklet. RESULTS Health professionals and representatives of the target audience suggested changes regarding layout, illustrations, and content of the virtual booklet. CVI of the final version was 0.84 between health professionals and agreement among the target audience was 90%. CONCLUSION The virtual educational booklet with exercises and instructions for postmenopausal women with osteoporosis was valid and should be used by health professionals for advice on self-care and health promotion during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Lima Carvalho
- Postgraduate Program in Collective Health, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Flávia de Araújo Gomes
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Alana Vallessa Bernardo Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Souza Araújo
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Germana Medeiros Barbosa
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Faculty of Health Sciences of Trairi, Santa Cruz, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Mariana Arias Avila
- Study Group on Chronic Pain (NEDoC), Laboratory of Research on Electrophysical Agents (LAREF), Physical Therapy Department, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cardoso de Souza
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Physical Therapy Department, Natal, RN, Brazil.
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105
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Muñoz VR, Gaspar RC, Mancini MCS, de Lima RD, Vieira RFL, Crisol BM, Antunes GC, Trombeta JCS, Bonfante ILP, Simabuco FM, da Silva ASR, Cavaglieri CR, Ropelle ER, Cintra DE, Pauli JR. Short-term physical exercise controls age-related hyperinsulinemia and improves hepatic metabolism in aged rodents. J Endocrinol Invest 2023; 46:815-827. [PMID: 36318449 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-022-01947-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aging is associated with changes in glucose homeostasis related to both decreased insulin secretion and/or impaired insulin action, contributing to the high prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly population. Additionally, studies are showing that chronically high levels of circulating insulin can also lead to insulin resistance. In contrast, physical exercise has been a strategy used to improve insulin sensitivity and metabolic health. However, the molecular alterations resulting from the effects of physical exercise in the liver on age-related hyperinsulinemia conditions are not yet fully established. This study aimed to investigate the effects of 7 days of aerobic exercise on hepatic metabolism in aged hyperinsulinemic rats (i.e., Wistar and F344) and in Slc2a4+/- mice (hyperglycemic and hyperinsulinemic mice). RESULTS Both aged models showed alterations in insulin and glucose tolerance, which were associated with essential changes in hepatic fat metabolism (lipogenesis, gluconeogenesis, and inflammation). In contrast, 7 days of physical exercise was efficient in improving whole-body glucose and insulin sensitivity, and hepatic metabolism. The Slc2a4+/- mice presented significant metabolic impairments (insulin resistance and hepatic fat accumulation) that were improved by short-term exercise training. In this scenario, high circulating insulin may be an important contributor to age-related insulin resistance and hepatic disarrangements in some specific conditions. CONCLUSION In conclusion, our data demonstrated that short-term aerobic exercise was able to control mechanisms related to hepatic fat accumulation and insulin sensitivity in aged rodents. These effects could contribute to late-life metabolic health and prevent the development/progression of age-related T2D.
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Affiliation(s)
- V R Muñoz
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R C Gaspar
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M C S Mancini
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R D de Lima
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R F L Vieira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - B M Crisol
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - G C Antunes
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J C S Trombeta
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - I L P Bonfante
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - F M Simabuco
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory of Food and Health (LabMAS), School of Applied Sciences (FCA), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A S R da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation and Functional Performance, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- School of Physical Education and Sport of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - C R Cavaglieri
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory (FISEX), Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - E R Ropelle
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Obesity and Diabetes, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - D E Cintra
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Nutritional Genomics, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J R Pauli
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Exercise, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira, São Paulo, Brazil.
- OCRC-Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
- National Institute of Science and Technology of Obesity and Diabetes, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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106
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Scheffers LE, Somers OC, Dulfer K, Dieleman GC, Walet S, van der Giessen LJ, Ploeg AT, van den Hout JMP, van den Berg LE. Physical training and high protein diet improved muscle strength, parent-reported fatigue and physical quality of life in children with Pompe disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2023. [PMID: 37002894 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Exercise has proven to be an effective adjuvant treatment to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in mildly affected adult Pompe patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a 12-week tailored lifestyle intervention, consisting of physical training and a high protein diet (2 gram/kg), in children with Pompe disease. METHODS This randomized controlled semi-cross over trial investigated the effects of a lifestyle intervention on the primary outcome: exercise capacity. Secondary outcomes were: muscle strength, core stability, motor function, physical activity levels, quality of life, fatigue, fear of exercise, caloric intake, energy balance, body composition and safety. RESULTS Fourteen Pompe patients with a median age of 10.6 [IQR: 7.2 - 14.5], of whom six classic infantile patients, participated in the lifestyle intervention. At baseline, patients had a lower exercise capacity compared to healthy peers (median 70.3% [IQR: 54.8% - 98.6%] of predicted). After the intervention, absolute Peak VO2 improved significantly (1279 ml/min [1012.5 - 2006] vs 1352 ml/min [1101.5 - 2069], P=0.039), but not compared to the control period. Muscle strength of the hip flexors, hip abductors, elbow extensors, neck extensors, knee extensors and core stability improved significantly compared to the control period. Children reported a significant increase on the change in health domain of quality of life, parents reported significant better scores on the quality of life domains: physical functioning, change in health, family cohesion, and fatigue. CONCLUSION A 12-week tailored lifestyle intervention for children with Pompe disease seemed safe and led to improvements in muscle strength, core stability, quality of life, and parent-reported fatigue. Pompe patients with a stable disease trajectory seemed to benefit the most from the intervention. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- L E Scheffers
- Department of pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Department of Pediatrics, Erasmus MC University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - O C Somers
- Department of pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - K Dulfer
- Intensive Care and Department of Pediatric Surgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center - Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - G C Dieleman
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center -Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - S Walet
- Division of Dietetics, Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - L J van der Giessen
- Department of Pediatric Physiotherapy, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A T Ploeg
- Department of pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - J M P van den Hout
- Department of pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - L E van den Berg
- Department of pediatrics, Center for Lysosomal and Metabolic Diseases, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
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Thurston C, Bezuidenhout L, Humphries S, Johansson S, von Koch L, Häger CK, Holmlund L, Sundberg CJ, Garcia-Ptacek S, Kwak L, Nilsson M, English C, Conradsson DM. Mobile health to promote physical activity in people post stroke or transient ischemic attack - study protocol for a feasibility randomised controlled trial. BMC Neurol 2023; 23:124. [PMID: 36978045 PMCID: PMC10043533 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-023-03163-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity is essential to improve health and reduce the risk of recurrence of stroke or transient ischemic attack (TIA). Still, people post stroke or TIA are often physically inactive and the availability of physical activity promotion services are often limited. This study builds on an existing Australian telehealth-delivered programme (i-REBOUND- Let's get moving) which provides support for home-based physical activity for people post stroke or TIA. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a mobile Health (mHealth) version of the i-REBOUND programme for the promotion of physical activity in people post stroke or TIA living in Sweden. METHODS One hundred and twenty participants with stroke or TIA will be recruited via advertisement. A parallel-group feasibility randomised controlled trial design with a 1:1 allocation ratio to 1) i-REBOUND programme receiving physical exercise and support for sustained engagement in physical activity through behavioural change techniques, or 2) behavioural change techniques for physical activity. Both interventions will proceed for six months and be delivered digitally through a mobile app. The feasibility outcomes (i.e., reach, adherence, safety and fidelity) will be monitored throughout the study. Acceptability will be assessed using the Telehealth Usability Questionnaire and further explored through qualitative interviews with a subset of both study participants and the physiotherapists delivering the intervention. Clinical outcomes on preliminary effects of the intervention will include blood pressure, engagement in physical activity, self-perceived exercise self-efficacy, fatigue, depression, anxiety, stress and health-related quality of life and will be measured at baseline and at 3, 6 and 12 months after the baseline assessments. DISCUSSION We hypothesise that the mHealth delivery of the i-REBOUND programme will be feasible and acceptable in people post stroke/TIA living in rural and urban regions of Sweden. The results of this feasibility trial will inform the development of full-scale and appropriately powered trial to test the effects and costs of mHealth delivered physical activity for people after stroke or TIA. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT05111951. Registered November 8, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Thurston
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, 23100, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lucian Bezuidenhout
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, 23100, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sophia Humphries
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, 23100, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sverker Johansson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, 23100, Stockholm, Sweden
- Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lena von Koch
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Heart & Vascular and Neuro, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte K Häger
- Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation - Physiotherapy Section, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Lisa Holmlund
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Science and Society, Division of Occupational Therapy, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Johan Sundberg
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sara Garcia-Ptacek
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Center for Alzheimer Research, Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Theme Inflammation and Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lydia Kwak
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Nilsson
- Heart and Stroke Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Centre for Rehab Innovations (CRI), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Coralie English
- Heart and Stroke Research Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
- Centre for Research Excellence in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation, Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- The Centre for Rehab Innovations (CRI), College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - David Moulaee Conradsson
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet, 23100, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Women's Health and Allied Health Professionals Theme, Medical Unit Occupational Therapy and Physiotherapy, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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Ferreira M, Neves JS, Neves C, Carvalho D. Physical exercise and glycemic management in patients with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy-a cross-sectional study. Acta Diabetol 2023; 60:881-889. [PMID: 36964201 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-023-02070-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Exercise is an important practice for control in type 1 diabetes (T1D). This study aims to assess de association between exercise and glycemic management in people with T1D and to identify the main barriers to exercise in T1D. METHODS We evaluated 95 people with T1D treated with insulin pump therapy. Participants answered a questionnaire about 1) exercise habits, 2) usual adjustments in insulin and food intake with exercise and 3) main barriers to exercise. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was used to evaluate time in range (TIR), time below range (TBR) and time above range (TAR) during the last 60 days before the evaluation. CGM data during, before (2 h before) and after (24 h after) the last bout of exercise was also evaluated. RESULTS The mean age was 30.1 ± 12.1 years, and 51.6% were women. Participants that reported practicing exercise (55.8%) had a higher TIR (59.6 ± 16.3 vs. 48.7 ± 15.7, p = 0.012) and a lower TAR (32.6 ± 15.8 vs. 45.4 ± 17.7, p = 0.006). Comparing with the 60 days CGM data, the TBR was lower in the 2 h before exercise (- 1.8 ± 3.8, p = 0.0454) and TAR was lower during (- 16.9 ± 33.6, p = 0.0320) and in the 24 h after (- 8.7 ± 17.2, p = 0.032) the last bout of exercise. The absence of adjustments on insulin and food intake was associated with higher TBR after the exercise (13.44 ± 3.5, p < 0.05). Eating before the exercise and turning off the pump during the exercise were associated with lower TBR after exercise (food booster: - 7.56 ± 3.49, p < 0.05; turning off insulin pump - 8.87 ± 3.52, p < 0.05). The main barriers reported for exercise practicing were fear of hypoglycemia, lack of free time and work schedule. CONCLUSION Exercise was associated with better glycemic management in people with T1D. Addressing common barriers may allow a higher adherence to exercise in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Ferreira
- Faculty of Medicine of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - João Sérgio Neves
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Cardiovascular Research and Development Center, Department of Surgery and Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Celestino Neves
- Faculty of Medicine of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Davide Carvalho
- Faculty of Medicine of Medicine of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, EPE, Porto, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação E Inovação Em Saúde, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Morishita S, Suzuki K, Okayama T, Inoue J, Tanaka T, Nakano J, Fukushima T. Recent Findings in Physical Exercise for Cancer Survivors. Phys Ther Res 2023; 26:10-16. [PMID: 37181484 PMCID: PMC10169310 DOI: 10.1298/ptr.r0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the number of cancer survivors has been increasing each year due to advances in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer. Cancer survivors present a variety of physical and psychological complications due to cancer and its treatment. Physical exercise is an effective nonpharmacological treatment for complications in cancer survivors. Furthermore, recent evidence has shown that physical exercise improves the prognosis of cancer survivors. The benefits of physical exercise have been widely reported, and guidelines for physical exercise for cancer survivors have been published. These guidelines recommend that cancer survivors engage in moderate- or vigorous-intensity aerobic exercises and/or resistance training. However, many cancer survivors have a poor commitment to physical exercise. In the future, it is necessary to promote physical exercise among cancer survivors through outpatient rehabilitation and community support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Morishita
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Fukushima Medical University, Japan
| | | | - Taro Okayama
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Junichiro Inoue
- Division of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kobe University Hospital International Clinical Cancer Research Center, Japan
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University Hospital, Japan
| | - Jiro Nakano
- Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kansai Medical University, Japan
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110
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Nishanth MJ, Jha S. Computational analysis of crosstalk between transcriptional regulators and RNA-binding proteins suggests mutual regulation of polycomb proteins and SRSF1 influencing adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Discov Ment Health 2023; 3:7. [PMID: 37861946 PMCID: PMC10501017 DOI: 10.1007/s44192-023-00034-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) is a clinically significant neural phenomenon. Understanding its molecular regulation would be important. In this regard, most studies have focused on transcriptional regulators (TRs), epigenetic modifiers, or non-coding RNAs. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) have emerged as dominant molecular regulators. It would be significant to understand the potential cross-talk between RBPs and TRs, which could influence AHN. METHODS The present study employed computational analyses to identify RBPs and TRs regulating AHN, followed by the analysis of their interaction networks and detection of hub proteins. Next, the potential mutual regulation of hub TRs and RBPs was analyzed. Additionally, hippocampal genes differentially expressed upon exercise were analyzed for potential regulation by the identified TRs and RBPs. RESULTS 105 TRs and 26 RBPs were found to influence AHN, which could also form interactive networks. Polycomb complex proteins were among the TR network hubs, while HNRNP and SRSF family members were among the hub RBPs. Further, the polycomb complex proteins and SRSF1 could have a mutual regulatory relationship, suggesting a cross-talk between epigenetic/transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory pathways. A number of exercise-induced hippocampal genes were also found to be potential targets of the identified TRs and RBPs. CONCLUSION SRSF1 may influence post-transcriptional stability, localization, and alternative splicing patterns of polycomb complex transcripts, and the polycomb proteins may in turn epigenetically influence the SRSF1. Further experimental validation of these regulatory loops/networks could provide novel insights into the molecular regulation of AHN, and unravel new targets for disease-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Nishanth
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Lifesciences, St Joseph's University, Bengaluru, India
| | - Shanker Jha
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India.
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111
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Zhang L, Lv J, Wang C, Ren Y, Yong M. Myokine, a key cytokine for physical exercise to alleviate sarcopenic obesity. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:2723-2734. [PMID: 36571655 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07821-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle has a robust endocrine function as a powerful organ and can secrete and release cytokines or polypeptides known as myokines. These myokines have significant regulatory effects on signal transduction in skeletal muscle and the metabolism of peripheral tissues and organs and exert biological effects via autocrine, paracrine, or endocrine forms. Obesity and aging cause myokine secretion dysregulation, and hastening sarcopenic obesity (SO) development. Exercise is currently an excellent intervention and prevention method for SO. Meanwhile, exercise impacts many organs and tissues. These organs and tissues will produce various myokines in response to movement and metabolism throughout the body to govern muscle differentiation, growth, and remodeling. According to accumulating data, exercise can increase the release of myokines from diverse tissues into the blood and postpone the SO onset and progression by influencing protein metabolism, inflammation, mitochondrial quality control, and other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Physical Education and Sport Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Junjie Lv
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cenyi Wang
- Physical Education and Sport Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ren
- Physical Education and Sport Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ming Yong
- Physical Education and Sport Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, China.
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112
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Gergin S, Kirazlı Ö, Boracı H, Yıldız SD, Yananlı HR, Şehirli ÜS. The effects of regular swimming exercise and melatonin on the neurons localized in the striatum of hemiparkinsonian rats. Anat Sci Int 2023; 98:204-219. [PMID: 36223003 DOI: 10.1007/s12565-022-00688-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder. We aimed to investigate the effects of regular swimming exercise and melatonin applied in the 6-Hydroxydopamine-induced Parkinson's disease rats by analysing dendritic spine of striatal neurons. Twenty-four male Wistar albino rats were used. 6-Hydroxydopamine unilaterally injected four (control, exercise, melatonin and exercise + melatonin) groups were included in the study. Tyrosine hydroxylase expression was detected by immunohistochemistry. Neurons and structures were identified from three-dimensional images by Neurolucida software. There was not any apparent difference for tyrosine hydroxylase positive neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta and fibres in the striatum between the lesion sides of hemiparkinsonian groups. The treatment groups blocked the apomorphine-induced increase in rotations compared to the control group. In stepping test, the treatment groups prevented the loss of stepping in the contralateral side of hemiparkinsonian groups. The melatonin mostly had a positive effect on motor activity tests. In morphological analyses, the 6-Hydroxydopamine-induced lesion led to the reduction of the total dendritic length and number of branches. In the treatment groups, the reduction of the dendritic parameters was not observed. 6-Hydroxydopamine lesion led to a decrease in the total spine density, spine densities of thin and mushroom types. The exercise and melatonin treatments prevented the loss of spine density. The exercise treatment prevented the loss of spine density of mushroom type spines. The melatonin treatment blocked the loss of spine density of stubby type. In conclusion, these results provide evidence for effective additional protective therapeutic strategies for Parkinson's disease. In conclusion, results from the current study provide evidence for swimming exercise and melatonin as a promising candidate for effective additional protective strategies for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Gergin
- Department of Anatomy, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,, Istanbul, Turkey.,Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Özlem Kirazlı
- Department of Anatomy, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Boracı
- Department of Anatomy, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sercan Doğukan Yıldız
- Department of Anatomy, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Marmara University Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey.,Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Anatomy, Istanbul Kent University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hasan Raci Yananlı
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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113
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Gallo-Galán LM, Gallo-Vallejo MÁ, Gallo-Vallejo JL. [Practical recommendations on physical exercise during pregnancy based on the main clinical practice guidelines]. Aten Primaria 2023; 55:102553. [PMID: 36739638 PMCID: PMC9931916 DOI: 10.1016/j.aprim.2022.102553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The main guidelines for physical activity/exercise during pregnancy recommend that all pregnant women without medical or obstetric contraindications remain physically active during pregnancy, in order to achieve health benefits and, at the same time, reduce the possibility of complications during pregnancy. The objective of this article was to extract the practical recommendations on physical exercise during pregnancy, of interest to the primary care physician, from the clinical practice guidelines of three international societies of Obstetrics and Gynecology of recognized prestige and great international influence on this subject, two of them pioneers in the elaboration of this type of recommendations: the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology and the Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada; and the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, together with the one published by the Spanish Society of Gynecology and Obstetrics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz María Gallo-Galán
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Sanitas La Moraleja, Madrid, España
| | | | - José Luis Gallo-Vallejo
- Servicio de Obstetricia y Ginecología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves de Granada, Granada, España; Departamento de Obstetricia y Ginecología de la Universidad de Granada, Granada, España.
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114
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Bila WC, Romano MCC, Dos Santos LL, da Silva VR, Capanema FD, Pfrimer K, Ferriolli E, Alves NMC, Campos CG, Carlos FM, Dos Santos MESM, Lamounier JA. Body fat, cardiovascular risk factors and polymorphism in the FTO gene: randomized clinical trial and different physical exercise for adolescents. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2023; 99:139-146. [PMID: 36030815 PMCID: PMC10031311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of different physical exercise programs and polymorphisms of the FTO (fat mass and obesity-associated gene) on body composition and cardiovascular risk factors in adolescents with overweight and obesity. METHODS A randomized, parallel, double-blind clinical trial consisting of the adolescent overweight from the state public network, in a simple representative random sample, who participated in an aerobic exercise or weight training intervention for 10 weeks. Anthropometry, body composition, biochemical markers, sexual maturation, and rs9939609 polymorphism in the FTO gene were assessed. 347 adolescents had their characterization of nutritional status. 72 individuals with overweight and obesity were invited to participate. 39 remained for the start of the program and were randomly allocated to both types of intervention. In the end, 26 subjects participated in the intervention programs, with 12 and 14 in the aerobic and weight training programs, respectively. RESULTS Heterozygous and homozygous bearers of risk allele A participating in the aerobic program showed improvements in glycemia (p = 0.002) and total cholesterol (p = 0.023) and a reduction in body fat mass (p = 0.041). The weight training program reduced glycemia in patients with the risk allele A (p = 0.027). Cameron's stage four sexual maturation participants were 2.1 times more likely to improve their body fat (CI = 1.31-3.39). CONCLUSION Aerobic exercises produced exclusively a significant decrease in fat mass and total cholesterol in patients with risk allele A. Distinct physical exercise programs may cause diverse changes in risk variables related to the health of adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendell C Bila
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil.
| | - Márcia C C Romano
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana L Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Valmin R da Silva
- Faculdade de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitória, Programa de Mestrado em Políticas Públicas e Desenvolvimento Local, Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - Flávio D Capanema
- Fundação Hospitalar do Estado de Minas Gerais, Centro de Inovação Tecnológica e Proteção do Conhecimento, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Karina Pfrimer
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Ferriolli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Natália M C Alves
- Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Cezenário G Campos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Fabiângelo M Carlos
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem, Divinópolis, MG, Brazil
| | - Maria E S M Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Departamento de Bioquímica, Farmacologia e Fisiologia/ICBN, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - Joel A Lamounier
- Universidade Federal de São João del Rei, Departamento de Medicina, São João del Rei, MG, Brazil
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115
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Andrade PMVD, Valim LÍM, Santos JMD, Castro ID, Amaral JLGD, Silva HCAD. Fatigue, depression, and physical activity in patients with malignant hyperthermia: a cross-sectional observational study. Braz J Anesthesiol 2023; 73:132-137. [PMID: 34626754 PMCID: PMC10068523 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjane.2021.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malignant Hyperthermia (MH) is a pharmacogenetic disorder triggered by halogenated anesthesia agents/succinylcholine and characterized by hypermetabolism crisis during anesthesia, but also by day-to-day symptoms, such as exercise intolerance, that may alert the health professional. OBJECTIVE The study aimed to analyze the incidence of fatigue in MH susceptible patients and the variables that can impact perception of fatigue, such as the level of routine physical activity and depression. METHODS A cross-sectional observational study was carried out with three groups ... 22 patients susceptible to MH (positive in vitro muscle contracture test), 13 non-susceptible to MH (negative in vitro muscle contracture test) and 22 controls (no history of MH). Groups were assessed by a demographic/clinical questionnaire, a fatigue severity scale (intensity, specific situations, psychological consequences, rest/sleep response), and the Beck depression scale. Subgroups were re-assessed with the Baecke habitual physical exercise questionnaire (occupational physical activity, leisure physical exercise, leisure/locomotion physical activity). RESULTS There were no significant differences among the three groups regarding fatigue intensity, fatigue related to specific situations, psychological consequences of fatigue, fatigue response to resting/sleeping, depression, number of active/sedentary participants, and the mean time and characteristics of habitual physical activity. Nevertheless, unlike the control sub-group, the physically active MH-susceptible subgroup had a higher fatigue response to resting/sleeping than the sedentary MH susceptible subgroup (respectively, 5.9.ß...ß1.9 vs. 3.9.ß...ß2, t-test unpaired, p.ß<.ß0.05). CONCLUSION We did not detect subjective fatigue in MH susceptible patients, although we reported protracted recovery after physical activity, which may alert us to further investigation requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mela Vieira de Andrade
- Universidade Federal de S.·o Paulo, Centro de Estudo, Diagn..stico e Investiga...·o de Hipertermia Maligna (CEDHIMA), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, S.·o Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - L Ívia Maria Valim
- Universidade Federal de S.·o Paulo, Centro de Estudo, Diagn..stico e Investiga...·o de Hipertermia Maligna (CEDHIMA), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, S.·o Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Joilson Moura Dos Santos
- Universidade Federal de S.·o Paulo, Centro de Estudo, Diagn..stico e Investiga...·o de Hipertermia Maligna (CEDHIMA), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, S.·o Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Isac de Castro
- Universidade Federal de S.·o Paulo, Centro de Estudo, Diagn..stico e Investiga...·o de Hipertermia Maligna (CEDHIMA), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, S.·o Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jos Luiz Gomes do Amaral
- Universidade Federal de S.·o Paulo, Centro de Estudo, Diagn..stico e Investiga...·o de Hipertermia Maligna (CEDHIMA), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, S.·o Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helga Cristina Almeida da Silva
- Universidade Federal de S.·o Paulo, Centro de Estudo, Diagn..stico e Investiga...·o de Hipertermia Maligna (CEDHIMA), Disciplina de Anestesiologia, Dor e Terapia Intensiva, S.·o Paulo, SP, Brazil
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116
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Gaspar RC, Lyu K, Hubbard BT, Leitner BP, Luukkonen PK, Hirabara SM, Sakuma I, Nasiri A, Zhang D, Kahn M, Cline GW, Pauli JR, Perry RJ, Petersen KF, Shulman GI. Distinct subcellular localisation of intramyocellular lipids and reduced PKCε/PKCθ activity preserve muscle insulin sensitivity in exercise-trained mice. Diabetologia 2023; 66:567-578. [PMID: 36456864 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-022-05838-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Athletes exhibit increased muscle insulin sensitivity, despite increased intramuscular triacylglycerol content. This phenomenon has been coined the 'athlete's paradox' and is poorly understood. Recent findings suggest that the subcellular distribution of sn-1,2-diacylglycerols (DAGs) in the plasma membrane leading to activation of novel protein kinase Cs (PKCs) is a crucial pathway to inducing insulin resistance. Here, we hypothesised that regular aerobic exercise would preserve muscle insulin sensitivity by preventing increases in plasma membrane sn-1,2-DAGs and activation of PKCε and PKCθ despite promoting increases in muscle triacylglycerol content. METHODS C57BL/6J mice were allocated to three groups (regular chow feeding [RC]; high-fat diet feeding [HFD]; RC feeding and running wheel exercise [RC-EXE]). We used a novel LC-MS/MS/cellular fractionation method to assess DAG stereoisomers in five subcellular compartments (plasma membrane [PM], endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, lipid droplets and cytosol) in the skeletal muscle. RESULTS We found that the HFD group had a greater content of sn-DAGs and ceramides in multiple subcellular compartments compared with the RC mice, which was associated with an increase in PKCε and PKCθ translocation. However, the RC-EXE mice showed, of particular note, a reduction in PM sn-1,2-DAG and ceramide content when compared with HFD mice. Consistent with the PM sn-1,2-DAG-novel PKC hypothesis, we observed an increase in phosphorylation of threonine1150 on the insulin receptor kinase (IRKT1150), and reductions in insulin-stimulated IRKY1162 phosphorylation and IRS-1-associated phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in HFD compared with RC and RC-EXE mice, which are sites of PKCε and PKCθ action, respectively. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results demonstrate that lower PKCθ/PKCε activity and sn-1,2-DAG content, especially in the PM compartment, can explain the preserved muscle insulin sensitivity in RC-EXE mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael C Gaspar
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- School of Applied Science, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP, Brazil
| | - Kun Lyu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brandon T Hubbard
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brooks P Leitner
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Panu K Luukkonen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Sandro M Hirabara
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Institute of Physical Activity Science and Sports, Cruzeiro do Sul University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ikki Sakuma
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ali Nasiri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Dongyan Zhang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Mario Kahn
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gary W Cline
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Rachel J Perry
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Kitt F Petersen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Gerald I Shulman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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117
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Strulik H. Hooked on weight control: An economic theory of anorexia nervosa and its impact on health and longevity. J Health Econ 2023; 88:102725. [PMID: 36738567 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2023.102725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, I integrate a theory of body image, weight control, and addiction in a life cycle model with health deficit accumulation in order to explain the phenomenon of anorexia nervosa and its impact on health and longevity. Individuals consume normal goods and foods and can work off excess calories with physical exercise. There exists a healthy body mass index and deviations from it increasingly cause health deficits due to obesity or underweight. There exists also a subjective target weight and being heavier than target weight causes a loss of utility from body image. Anorexia is initiated in individuals who are particularly successful in weight control and prone to addiction. Addiction to weight control motivates anorexic individuals to perpetually adjust their target weight downwards and to eat less and exercise more. With declining weight, health deficits accumulate faster and mortality risk rises. I calibrate the model to an average American woman with bmi 28. Due to weight loss addiction, the bmi declines to a level of 15 and causes an expected loss of 15 years of life. I also discuss potential therapies and recovery from the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Strulik
- University of Goettingen, Department of Economics, Platz der Goettinger Sieben 3, 37073 Goettingen, Germany.
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118
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Haegele JA, Sun F, Li C, Ng K, Lee J, Chee Ang SH, Alves MLT, Yang H, Wu Y, Tan JSY, Rintala P, Huang WY, Healy S, Dos Santos Alves I, Schliemann AL, Maeng H, Karna E, Ding D. Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity and Screen-Time in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Seven-Country Observational Study. J Autism Dev Disord 2023:10.1007/s10803-023-05918-7. [PMID: 36849839 PMCID: PMC9970125 DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-05918-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
This cross-sectional observational study sought to examine the environmental correlates of physical activity and screen-time among youth with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Parents of youth with ASD (n = 1,165) from seven countries/regions provided responses to an online survey form measuring environmental correlates (i.e., physical activity neighborhood environment, social network, social trust and cohesion, bedroom media, social home environment) and outcomes (i.e., physical activity, screen-time). Multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to determine environmental predictors of the outcomes. Physical activity neighborhood environment (B = 0.15, p = 0.047), social network (B = 0.16, p = 0.02), and social home environment (B = 1.07, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with physical activity, whereas social trust and cohesion and bedroom media were not. Further, social trust and cohesion (B = -0.14, p = 0.001), bedroom media (B = 0.10, p = 0.001), and social home environment (B = -0.16, p < 0.001) were significantly associated with screen-time while neighborhood environment and social network were not. The identified environmental attributes of physical activity and screen-time behaviors should be targeted for health promotion among youth with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin A Haegele
- Department of Human Movement Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
- Center for Movement, Health, & Disability, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, USA
| | - Fenghua Sun
- Department of Health and Physical Education, The Education University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chunxiao Li
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, 51006, Guangzhou, China.
- Adapted Physical Activity + Laboratory, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Kwok Ng
- Physical Activity for Health Research Cluster, Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, University of Limerick, Limerick, Finland
- Faculty of Education, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Jihyun Lee
- Department of Kinesiology, San José State University, San Jose, USA
| | | | | | - Hannah Yang
- Department of Adapted Physical Education, Baekseok University, Cheonan, South Korea
| | - Yandan Wu
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jernice Sing Yee Tan
- School of Sports, Health and Leisure, Republic Polytechnic, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Pauli Rintala
- Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Wendy Yajun Huang
- Department of Sport, Physical Education and Health, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sean Healy
- School of Nursing, Psychotherapy and Community Health, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | - Hyokju Maeng
- College of Education & Human Development, Georgia State University, Atlanta, USA
| | - Eija Karna
- School of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Ding Ding
- Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, Melbourne, Australia
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Xu J, Zhang L, Li M, He X, Luo J, Wu R, Hong Z, Zheng H, Hu X. TREM2 mediates physical exercise-promoted neural functional recovery in rats with ischemic stroke via microglia-promoted white matter repair. J Neuroinflammation 2023; 20:50. [PMID: 36829205 PMCID: PMC9960657 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-02741-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The repair of white matter injury is of significant importance for functional recovery after ischemic stroke, and the up-regulation of triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) after ischemic stroke is neuroprotective and implicated in remyelination. However, the lack of effective therapies calls for the need to investigate the regenerative process of remyelination and the role of rehabilitation therapy. This study sought to investigate whether and how moderate physical exercise (PE) promotes oligodendrogenesis and remyelination in rats with transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO). METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (weighing 250-280 g) were subjected to tMCAO. AAV-shRNA was injected into the lateral ventricle to silence the Trem2 gene before the operation. The rats in the physical exercise group started electric running cage training at 48 h after the operation. The Morris water maze and novel object recognition test were used to evaluate cognitive function. Luxol fast blue staining, diffusion tensor imaging, and electron microscopy were used to observe myelin injury and repair. Immunofluorescence staining was applied to observe the proliferation and differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs). Expression of key molecules were detected using immunofluorescence staining, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, Western blotting, and Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. RESULTS PE exerted neuroprotective efects by modulating microglial state, promoting remyelination and recovery of neurological function of rats over 35 d after stroke, while silencing Trem2 expression in rats suppressed the aforementioned effects promoted by PE. In addition, by leveraging the activin-A neutralizing antibody, we found a direct beneficial effect of PE on microglia-derived activin-A and its subsequent role on oligodendrocyte differentiation and remyelination mediated by the activin-A/Acvr axis. CONCLUSIONS The present study reveals a novel regenerative role of PE in white matter injury after stroke, which is mediated by upregulation of TREM2 and microglia-derived factor for oligodendrocytes regeneration. PE is an effective therapeutic approach for improving white matter integrity and alleviating neurological function deficits after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Xu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaofei He
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Luo
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rui Wu
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhongqiu Hong
- grid.12981.330000 0001 2360 039XDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiqing Zheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Xiquan Hu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No. 600 Tianhe Road, Guangzhou, China.
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Punga AR, Westerberg E, Åsenlöf P. Implementation of tailored exercise programs for MG patients in a gym setting: a pragmatic feasibility case study. Neuromuscul Disord 2023; 33:334-338. [PMID: 36931100 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Although supervised aerobic and resistance training in a hospital setting was proven safe and beneficial for well-controlled myasthenia gravis (MG) patients, implementation of similar programs in the community has not been studied. We conducted a pragmatic open-label study at a large gym in Uppsala, Sweden. Seven patients with generalized MG were recruited to participate in an individualized, tailored exercise program, based on individual baseline status and personal goals, with a personal trainer. All patients completed the entire training period. The individually tailored exercise program was implemented safely and effectively, with all patients improving in aerobic capacity, muscle strength, and balance. Our pragmatic open-label case study suggests that well-controlled patients with generalized MG can extend their physical exercise to personal training in the gym. This is an essential step towards reducing the barriers to implementing exercise procols and increasing the availability of these interventions to MG patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rostedt Punga
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Elisabet Westerberg
- Clinical Neurophysiology, Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Pernilla Åsenlöf
- Physiotherapy, Department of Women´s and Children´s Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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Knoll RL, Jarquín-Díaz VH, Klopp J, Kemper A, Hilbert K, Hillen B, Pfirrmann D, Simon P, Bähner V, Nitsche O, Gehring S, Markó L, Forslund SK, Poplawska K. Resilience and stability of the CF- intestinal and respiratory microbiome during nutritional and exercise intervention. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:44. [PMID: 36803565 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-02788-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired respiratory and intestinal microbiome composition is linked to cystic fibrosis lung disease severity. In people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF), regular exercise is recommended to delay disease progression and preserve a stable lung function. An optimal nutritional status is vital for best clinical outcomes. Our study investigated whether regular and monitored exercise and nutritional support promotes CF microbiome health. METHODS A personalized nutrition and exercise program promoted nutritional intake and physical fitness in 18 pwCF for 12 months. Throughout the study, patients performed strength and endurance training monitored by a sports scientist via an internet platform. After three months, food supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus LGG was introduced. Nutritional status and physical fitness were assessed before the study started, after three and nine months. Sputum and stool were collected, and microbial composition was analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. RESULTS Sputum and stool microbiome composition remained stable and highly specific to each patient during the study period. Disease-associated pathogens dominated sputum composition. Lung disease severity and recent antibiotic treatment had the highest impact on taxonomic composition in stool and sputum microbiome. Strikingly, the long-term antibiotic treatment burden had only a minor influence. CONCLUSION Despite the exercise and nutritional intervention, respiratory and intestinal microbiomes proved to be resilient. Dominant pathogens drove the composition and functionality of the microbiome. Further studies are required to understand which therapy could destabilize the dominant disease-associated microbial composition of pwCF.
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Chuang IC, Chen IC, Su KH, Wu YR, Wu CY. The effects of high versus low frequency of combined physical and cognitive training on cognitive function in older adults with cognitive decline: a quasi-experimental study. BMC Geriatr 2023; 23:94. [PMID: 36788482 PMCID: PMC9926662 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-023-03802-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effects of combined training can be affected by training characteristics such as frequency, session length, and duration. No empirical studies to date have directly compared how combined physical and cognitive training offered at different training frequencies affects cognitive function for older adults with cognitive decline. This study investigated the impact of training frequency on cognitive outcomes after combined physical and cognitive training for older adults with cognitive decline. METHODS A quasi-experimental study was conducted in community facilities and day care centers. The study assigned 89 older adults with cognitive decline into high-frequency (HF) or low-frequency (LF) training groups. The participants received 90- to 105-min training sessions, one (LF) or three (HF) times a week, for 12 weeks. Outcome measures were the Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Word List subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale, Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST), and Stroop Color Word Test. RESULTS The HF group demonstrated greater improvement in immediate memory measured by the WL-IM (F = 8.7, P = 0.004) and in executive function measured by the SCWT (F = 5.89, P = 0.017) than the LF group. Compared with the HF group, the LF group showed a great improvement in delayed memory measured by the WL-DM (F = 9.62, P = 0.003). The HF and LF groups both increased in processing speed and global cognitive function. CONCLUSIONS Our study indicated that the different training frequency of combined physical and cognitive training may result in benefits on different cognitive functions in older adults with cognitive decline. These findings may assist clinical practitioners in choosing appropriate training frequencies based on various intervention purposes for the elderly with cognitive decline. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT03619577 (08/08/2018).
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Affiliation(s)
- I-Ching Chuang
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wen-Hwa 1St Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - I-Chen Chen
- Department of Occupational Therapy, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Da-Yeh University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Ken-Hsien Su
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wen-Hwa 1St Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Ru Wu
- Department of Neurology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.,College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yi Wu
- Department of Occupational Therapy and Graduate Institute of Behavioral Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259 Wen-Hwa 1St Road, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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Lange KW, Nakamura Y, Reissmann A. Sport and physical exercise in sustainable mental health care of common mental disorders: Lessons from the COVID-19 pandemic. Sports Med Health Sci 2023:S2666-3376(23)00005-7. [PMID: 36747887 PMCID: PMC9893807 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2023.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The large-scale disruptions to physical activity during the coronavirus pandemic have been found to be a leading predictor of common mental disorders. In addition, regular physical exercise has been found to alleviate anxiety, sadness and depression during the pandemic. These findings, together with numerous studies published before the pandemic on the effects of physical activity on mental health, should be considered in the provision of mental health care following the pandemic. Cross-sectional research has revealed that all types of exercise and sport are associated with a reduced mental health burden. Therefore, the effectiveness of exercise and sport participation in sustainable mental health care as well as the causal relationship between exercise, psychosocial health and common mental disorders merit further investigation. Physical activity and sport, with their global accessibility, significant and clinically meaningful efficacy as well as virtual absence of adverse effects, offer a promising option for the promotion of mental health, including the prevention and treatment of common mental disorders. Physical exercise and sport are likely to become valuable public mental health resources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus W. Lange
- Corresponding author. University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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Priviero F. Epigenetic modifications and fetal programming: Molecular mechanisms to control hypertension inheritance. Biochem Pharmacol 2023; 208:115412. [PMID: 36632959 PMCID: PMC10012045 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the number 1 cause of death in the United States and hypertension is a highly prevalent risk factor for CVD. It is estimated that up to 50 % of the hypertensive trait is genetically inherited while the other 50 % is determined by modifiable factors involving lifestyle, behaviors, and the environment. Interestingly, the hypertensive trait is induced or inhibited by epigenetic modifications modulated by modifiable factors. This review focused on the underlying mechanisms of stress, sleep deprivation, obesity and sedentarism as key players for epigenetic modifications contributing to the development of the hypertensive trait and, on the other hand, how epigenetic modifications induced by physical exercise and healthier habits may contribute to overturn and prevent the inheritance of hypertension trait. Furthermore, adversities during gestation and perinatal life also increase the risk for hypertension and CVD later in life, which can perpetuate the inheritance of the hypertensive trait whereas healthier habits during gestation and lactation may counteract fetal programming to improve the cardiovascular health of the progeny. Therefore, it is promising that a healthier lifestyle causes long-lasting epigenetic modifications and is transmitted to the next generation, strengthening the fight against the inheritance of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Priviero
- Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy - School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States; Cardiovascular Translational Research Center - School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States; College of Engineering and Computing, Biomedical Engineering Program, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, United States.
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125
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Ferreira LF, Scariot EL, da Rosa LHT. The effect of different exercise programs on sarcopenia criteria in older people: A systematic review of systematic reviews with meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 105:104868. [PMID: 36402001 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the results of different modalities of physical exercises on the sarcopenia diagnostic criteria in older people. METHODS Systematic review of systematic reviews. Search strategy included older people and sarcopenia MeSh, performed at mainly databases. Selected studies include older adults, submitted to physical training (Intervention Group: IG) compared to control groups (CG). Quantitative analyses with the inverse variance statistic method (random effects). The effect measures mean difference. Heterogeneity measured with Q-Test. RESULTS 494 systematic reviews found. After screening, 5 were included (48 papers. n=3,877). Mean age: 74.02±6.1. 73.44% female. Mean interventions duration: 17.38 weeks (average: 2.56 weekly sessions). AMSTAR and PRISMA showed high methodological quality. Meta-analyses compared results of resistance training interventions (RTA) with other than resistance (Non-resistance Training interventions: NRTA). Handgrip strength, skeletal muscle mass (SMM) and gait speed showed statistically significant differences (SSD) favorable to IG. In chair stand test, RTA showed SSD favorable to the IG, and NRTA to CG. The timed-up-and-go do not showed SSD. DISCUSSION The SMM and strength showed better results in RTA, although the confidence intervals (CI) overlap. Both valences can be trained with similar volume and training intensity, which can modify muscle volume and strength. Physical performance obtained better results in NRTA, even with CI overlap. For severely sarcopenic, training including more than one valence may be best. In sarcopenia diagnosis most studies do not take into account the consensuses of standardization, making hard the larger groups analysis. CONCLUSION Being part of any training program can be beneficial for sarcopenia in older people, with resistance training better for strength and SMM, and mixed modalities for physical performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Fernando Ferreira
- Post-graduation program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Estela Lopes Scariot
- Post-graduation program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Mertiya AS, Tiwari AK, Mishra A, Main RP, Tripathi D, Tiwari A. Computational modeling for osteogenic potential assessment of physical exercises based on loading-induced mechanobiological environments in cortical bone remodeling. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2023; 22:281-95. [PMID: 36305993 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-022-01647-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis and disuse can cause bone loss which reduces the weight-bearing strength of long bones. Physical exercise or mechanical loading prevents bone loss as it promotes bone modeling through osteogenesis, i.e., new bone formation. Several studies have observed distinct bone remodeling responses to physical exercises; nevertheless, the underlying mechanism behind such responses is not well established. Loading-induced pore-pressure and fluid motion act as mechanobiological stimuli to bone cells namely osteocytes which further initiate osteoactivities. The shape of loading waveforms also affects the poromechanical environment of bone. Accordingly, the present study hypothesizes that loading waveforms associated with physiological exercises may expose the bone to different mechanobiological stimuli resulting in distinct bone remodeling. A poromechanical finite element model is developed to compute pore-pressure and interstitial fluid velocity in femoral cortical bone tissue (healthy and osteoporotic) subjected to loading waveforms of three physiological exercises namely walking, running, and jumping. The model also computes the mechanobiological stimulus as a function of fluid velocity. The outcomes indicate that pore-pressure and fluid velocity decrease significantly in osteoporotic bone tissue in comparison with healthy tissue. Jumping and running both improve pore-pressure and fluid velocity in healthy and osteoporotic tissues, whereas running significantly enhances mechanobiological stimulus in both the tissues which indicates a possible explanation for distinct bone remodeling to different physical exercises. The present work also suggests that running may be recommended as a potential biomechanical therapeutic to prevent bone loss. Overall, the present work contributes to the area of orthopedic research to develop effective designs of prophylactic exercises to improve bone health.
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Lai Q, Zhang J. Effects of traditional Chinese eight brocade exercise with same frequency and different durations on the quality of life, 6-min walk and brain natriuretic peptide in patients with chronic heart failure. Exp Gerontol 2023; 172:112059. [PMID: 36526096 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.112059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese eight brocade exercise (TCEBE) with same cycle and frequency and different durations has an effect on patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). However, relevant reports on the topic are lacking. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the differences of rehabilitation effect by conducting TCEBE with the same cycle and frequency and different single exercise time for patients with CHF. METHODS A total of 103 patients with CHF were randomly divided into long-time group (LTG), short-time group (STG) and control group (CG). The subjects in the three groups were given corresponding routine treatment. In addition, under the guidance of professional TCEBE coaches and nurses, TCEBE was conducted for 12 weeks (3 times/week) for LTG (60 min/time) and STG (30 min/time). Minnesota living with heart failure questionnaire (MLHFQ) was used, and 6-min walk (6MWK) and brain nautical peptide (BNP) were tested. RESULTS 1) At 12 weeks, the comparison between groups obtained the following results: For the LTG, MLHFQ was less than that of the CG (P < 0.01), 6MWT was greater than that of the CG (P < 0.05), and 6MWT was greater than that of the STG (P < 0.05); for the STG, MLHFQ was less than that of the CG (P < 0.05); no significant difference in BNP was found among the three groups; 2) At 12 weeks and 0 weeks, the comparison obtained the following results: For the LTG, MLHFQ decreased by 37.7 %, and 6MWT increased by 46.7 % (P < 0.01); for the STG, MLHFQ decreased by 31.7 %, and 6MWT increased by 31.5 % (P < 0.01); for the CG, MLHFQ decreased by 14.6 %, and 6MWT increased by 19.7 % (P < 0.05); no significant change in BNP was found in each group. CONCLUSION TCEBE of two kinds of duration improves the quality of life and 6MWT of patients with CHF but has no positive effect on BNP. Compared with 30-min/time, 60-min/time further improves 6MWT in patients with CHF but has no additional benefit on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qicai Lai
- Chengdu Aeronautic Polytechnic, Chengdu, China
| | - Junfang Zhang
- Affiliated Sport Hospital, Chengdu Sport University, Chengdu, China.
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128
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Song L, Shen J, Wang J, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Sang L, Zhu L, Wang Y, Zhang D, Li D, Xiao J, Lian Y. Shift patterns, physical exercise, and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM): a prospective cohort study in China. Transl Behav Med 2023; 13:183-191. [PMID: 36694910 DOI: 10.1093/tbm/ibac089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
To examine the relationships between different shift patterns and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) risk, and determine whether physical exercise reduced the incidence of T2DM in shift workers in the oil industry. Baseline data were collected from participants in May 2013 who were then followed for 4 years in a prospective cohort study. The cohort initially consisted of 3,002 workers and ultimately included 2,827 people. Baseline and follow-up questionnaires were sent to participants every 2 years (in May 2015 and May 2017) to update medical and lifestyle information during the follow-up period. The risk of T2DM among two shift workers [relative risk (RR) = 3.442, 95% CI: 1.904-6.799)], three shift workers (RR = 2.534, 95% CI: 1.484-4.571), and four shift workers (RR = 4.230, 95% CI: 2.680-7.518) was higher than that among day workers. An increasing trend was observed with respect to T2DM risk, with the lowest risk in three shift workers, moderate risk in two shift workers, and highest risk in four shift workers. In the interactive analysis between shift work and physical exercise, taking part in mild physical exercise increased the risk of T2DM for workers. Four shift workers who took part in mild physical exercise had an increased risk of T2DM. The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) was 33.769 (0.398-67.140). The attributable proportion due to interaction [API (%)] was 0.704 (0.529-0.880). The synergy index (SI) was 3.563 (1.900-6.683). Shift work is significantly correlated with increased incidence of T2DM. Risk of T2DM is lowest risk in three shift workers, moderate in two shift workers, and highest in four shift workers. Shift workers who participated in moderate and severe physical exercise had reduced risk of developing T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Song
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayang Shen
- Nantong Health Inspection, Yuelong South Road, No. 128, Chongchuan District, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Ziqi Zhou
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingli Sang
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Lejia Zhu
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yangmei Wang
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Dajun Zhang
- Karamay City Central Hospital Health Management Center, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Di Li
- Karamay Central Hospital, Clinical Medical Research Center, Karamay 834000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Xiao
- Department of Occupational Environmental Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226001 Jiangsu, China
| | - Yulong Lian
- Division of Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
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Xiao CL, Zhong ZP, Lü C, Guo BJ, Chen JJ, Zhao T, Yin ZF, Li B. Physical exercise suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by alleviating hypoxia and attenuating cancer stemness through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. J Integr Med 2023; 21:184-193. [PMID: 36781361 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Physical exercise, a common non-drug intervention, is an important strategy in cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the mechanism remains largely unknown. Due to the importance of hypoxia and cancer stemness in the development of HCC, the present study investigated whether the anti-HCC effect of physical exercise is related to its suppression on hypoxia and cancer stemness. METHODS A physical exercise intervention of swimming (30 min/d, 5 d/week, for 4 weeks) was administered to BALB/c nude mice bearing subcutaneous human HCC tumor. The anti-HCC effect of swimming was assessed in vivo by tumor weight monitoring, hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67. The expression of stemness transcription factors, including Nanog homeobox (NANOG), octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (OCT-4), v-Myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (C-MYC) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), was detected using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. A hypoxia probe was used to explore the intratumoral hypoxia status. Western blot was used to detect the expression of HIF-1α and proteins related to protein kinase B (Akt)/glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β)/β-catenin signaling pathway. The IHC analysis of platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (CD31), and the immunofluorescence co-location of CD31 and desmin were used to analyze tumor blood perfusion. SMMC-7721 cells were treated with nude mice serum. The inhibition effect on cancer stemness in vitro was detected using suspension sphere experiments and the expression of stemness transcription factors. The hypoxia status was inferred by measuring the protein and mRNA levels of HIF-1α. Further, the expression of proteins related to Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway was detected. RESULTS Swimming significantly reduced the body weight and tumor weight in nude mice bearing HCC tumor. HE staining and IHC results showed a lower necrotic area ratio as well as fewer PCNA or Ki67 positive cells in mice receiving the swimming intervention. Swimming potently alleviated the intratumoral hypoxia, attenuated the cancer stemness, and inhibited the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. Additionally, the desmin+/CD31+ ratio, rather than the number of CD31+ vessels, was significantly increased in swimming-treated mice. In vitro experiments showed that treating cells with the serum from the swimming intervention mice significantly reduced the formation of SMMC-7721 cell suspension sphere, as well as the mRNA expression level of stemness transcription factors. Consistent with the in vivo results, HIF-1α and Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway were also inhibited in cells treated with serum from swimming group. CONCLUSION Swimming alleviated hypoxia and attenuated cancer stemness in HCC, through suppression of the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin signaling pathway. The alleviation of intratumoral hypoxia was related to the increase in blood perfusion in the tumor. Please cite this article as: Xiao CL, Zhong ZP, Lü C, Guo BJ, Chen JJ, Zhao T, Yin ZF, Li B. Physical exercise suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by alleviating hypoxia and attenuating cancer stemness through the Akt/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway. J Integr Med. 2022; Epub ahead of print.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chu-Lan Xiao
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The 920th Hospital of Joint Logistics Support Force, Kunming 650000, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Zhi-Peng Zhong
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Can Lü
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bing-Jie Guo
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China; Second Team, Graduate School, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tong Zhao
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zi-Fei Yin
- Department of Military Traditional Chinese Medicine, Faculty of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Bai Li
- Department of Rehabilitation, Changhai Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
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Henkin JS, Botton CE, Simon MS, Rocha GG, Silveira CB, Gehrke RS, Freitas GB, Trajano GS, Pinto RS, Pinto SS. Telehealth multicomponent exercise and health education in breast cancer patients undergoing primary treatment: rationale and methodological protocol for a randomized clinical trial (ABRACE: Telehealth). Trials 2023; 24:42. [PMID: 36658611 PMCID: PMC9851110 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-07015-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current guidelines emphasize cancer patients should increase their physical activity levels, encouraging physical exercise practice as a complementary therapy to mitigate adverse effects during treatment. Telehealth can be a feasible method to improve adherence and interventional support for breast cancer patients, of which most do not meet sufficient physical activity levels after diagnosis. The Adaptations to Breast Cancer and Exercise Using Telehealth (ABRACE: Telehealth) study aims to investigate the effects of a 12-week telehealth multicomponent training program plus a health education program (MTHE), compared to a health education program alone (HE), on physical and psychological outcomes in breast cancer patients undergoing treatment. METHODS This study is a randomized controlled trial. Women undergoing primary treatment (during or after chemotherapy) for breast cancer (stages I-III) will be randomly assigned to MTHE (twice a week) or HE (once a week). MTHE components are mobility, aerobic, balance, resistance, and flexibility home-based exercises, supervised by video call. The primary study outcome is cancer-related fatigue. The secondary outcomes are quality of life, symptoms of depression and anxiety, physical activity level, cancer-related cognitive impairment, and functional capacity. Other outcomes are adherence to interventions and a follow-up questionnaire evaluating the individual perception in motivation, lifestyle changes, and main barriers to participation. All outcomes will be remotely assessed before and after intervention. Our analysis will follow the intention-to-treat approach and per-protocol criteria, with additional sub-group analysis. DISCUSSION To our knowledge, this is the first randomized clinical trial in breast cancer patients using a face-to-face videoconference strategy to supervise physical exercise. Our hypothesis is of superiority for the effects of MTHE on primary and secondary outcomes compared to the effects of only the health education intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION Adaptations to Breast Cancer and Exercise Using Telehealth (ABRACE: Telehealth), NCT04641377. Registered on 23 November 2021, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04641377.
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Affiliation(s)
- João S. Henkin
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Cíntia E. Botton
- grid.414449.80000 0001 0125 3761Exercise Pathophysiology Research Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Clinical Research Center, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Mariana S. Simon
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Guilherme G. Rocha
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Caroline B. Silveira
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Ricardo S. Gehrke
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Gabriella B. Freitas
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Gabriel S. Trajano
- grid.1024.70000000089150953School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Ronei S. Pinto
- grid.8532.c0000 0001 2200 7498Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul CEP: 90690-200 Brazil
| | - Stephanie S. Pinto
- grid.411221.50000 0001 2134 6519Neuromuscular Assessment Laboratory, Physical Education School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
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Pereira WVC, Vancea DMM, de Andrade Oliveira R, de Freitas YGPC, Lamounier RN, Silva Júnior WS, Fioretti AMB, Macedo CLD, Bertoluci MC, Zagury RL. 2022: Position of Brazilian Diabetes Society on exercise recommendations for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2023; 15:2. [PMID: 36593495 PMCID: PMC9806892 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00945-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION For individuals diagnosed with diabetes mellitus, the practice of properly oriented physical exercises brings significant benefits to the individual's health and is considered an indispensable tool for metabolic management. The individualization of exercise routines is an essential aspect for therapeutic success, despite the need to consider some general recommendations. This review is an authorized literal translation of the Brazilian Society of Diabetes (SBD) Guidelines 2021-2022, which is based on scientific evidence and provides guidance on physical activities and exercises aimed at individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes. METHODS SBD designated 9 specialists from its "Department of Diabetes, Exercise & Sports" to author chapters on physical activities and exercises directed to individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes. The aim of these chapters was to highlight recommendations in accordance with Evidence Levels, based on what is described in the literature. These chapters were analyzed by the SBD Central Committee, which is also responsible for the SBD 2021-2022 guidelines. Main clinical inquiries were selected to perform a narrated review by using MEDLINE via PubMed. Top available evidence, such as high-quality clinical trials, large observational studies and meta-analyses related to physical activity and exercise advisory, were analyzed. The adopted MeSh terms were [diabetes], [type 1 diabetes], [type 2 diabetes], [physical activity] [physical exercise]. RESULTS 17 recommendations were defined by the members. For this review, it was considered different Evidence Levels, as well as different Classes of Recommendations. As to Evidence Levels, the following levels were contemplated: Level A) More than one randomized clinical trial or a randomized clinical trial meta-analysis with low heterogeneity. Level B) Meta analysis with observational studies, one randomized clinical trial, sizeable observational studies and sub-groups analysis. Level C) Small non-randomized studies, cross-sectional studies, case control studies, guidelines or experts' opinions. In respect to Recommendation Classes, the following criteria were adopted: I. "Recommended": Meaning there was a consent of more than 90% of the panel; IIa. "Must be considered": meaning there is a general preference of the panel which 70-90% agrees; IIb. "Can be considered". 50-70% agrees; III Not recommended: There is a consensus that the intervention should not be performed. CONCLUSION Physical exercise aids on the glycemic control of type 2 diabetes individuals while also decreasing cardiovascular risk in individuals with type 1 and 2 diabetes. Individuals diagnosed with diabetes should perform combined aerobic and resistance exercises in order to manage the disease. In addition, exercises focusing on flexibility and balance should be specially addressed on elderly individuals. Diabetes individuals using insulin as therapeutic treatment should properly monitor glycemia levels before, during and after exercise sessions to minimize health incidents, such as hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Valadares Campos Pereira
- Research Group on Physical Exercise and Non-Transmissible Chronic Diseases from the Physical Education School of the University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil
| | - Denise Maria Martins Vancea
- Research Group on Physical Exercise and Non-Transmissible Chronic Diseases from the Physical Education School of the University of Pernambuco (UPE), Recife, Brazil
- Physical Education School of the University of Pernambuco (UPE), Avenida Agamenon Magalhães, S/N-Santo Amaro, Recife,, PE CEP 50100-010 Brazil
| | - Ricardo de Andrade Oliveira
- Department of Obesity and Associated Diseases of the Brazilian Obesity Association (ABESO), Board of Directors of the Rio de Janeiro Society of Exercise Medicine and Sports, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Wellington S. Silva Júnior
- Endocrinology Discipline, Department of Medicine I, Faculty of Medicine, Center of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Praça Gonçalves Dias, 21, Centro, São Luís, MA CEP 65020-240 Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcello Casaccia Bertoluci
- Internal Medicine Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 Building 12, 4th Floor, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
- Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre (HCPA), Ramiro Barcelos, 2350 Building 12, 4th Floor, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Roberto Luis Zagury
- Luiz Capriglione State Institute of Diabetes and Endocrinology (IEDE), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kuhne LA, Ksiezarczyk AM, Braumann KM, Reer R, Jacobs T, Röder B, Hötting K. Cardiovascular exercise, learning, memory, and cytokines: Results of a ten-week randomized controlled training study in young adults. Biol Psychol 2023; 176:108466. [PMID: 36455805 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise has been shown to enhance memory and to increase neuroplasticity. Rodent studies have revealed modulating effects of signaling molecules of the immune system (cytokines) on hippocampal plasticity and memory. Acute and chronic exercise have been both found to alter the number and function of immune cells. Thus, physical exercise might enhance neuroplasticity via an altered immune response. In this study we tested whether multiple repetitions of a vocabulary learning task combined with a bout of cardiovascular exercise enhances learning in humans and whether memory improvements correlated with acute exercise-induced cytokine changes. Data of 52 participants (20-40 years of age) who were randomly assigned to a cardiovascular exercise group (cycling) or a control group (stretching) were analyzed. During the 10-week treatment, participants completed 18 learning-exercise sessions. In each of these sessions, the vocabulary learning task was always performed immediately before exercising started. To assess acute exercise-induced changes in cytokine levels, blood sampling was performed at rest and immediately after exercising in two of the sessions. Learning success measured as increase in learning across all sessions and vocabulary retention four weeks after the treatment had ended did not differ between groups. The cycling group showed a relatively larger acute increase in IL-6, IL-1ra, IL-4, and IFN-γ compared to the stretching group. Exploratory analyses revealed significant positive associations between within-session learning and acute exercise-induced increases in IL-6 and IL-1ra in the cycling group only. These results suggest that the immune system may act as a mediator of exercise-induced cognitive benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A Kuhne
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | | | | | - Rüdiger Reer
- Sports and Exercise Medicine, University of Hamburg, Turmweg 2, 20148 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Thomas Jacobs
- Protozoa Immunology, Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, Bernhard-Nocht-Straße 74, 20359 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Brigitte Röder
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Kirsten Hötting
- Biological Psychology and Neuropsychology, University of Hamburg, Von-Melle-Park 11, 20146 Hamburg, Germany.
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Santaularia N, Arnau A, Jaarsma T, Torà N, Vázquez-Oliva G. Efficacy of a supervised exercise training program on five-year readmission rates in patients with acute coronary syndrome. A randomised controlled trial. Rehabilitacion (Madr) 2023; 57:100720. [PMID: 35317941 DOI: 10.1016/j.rh.2021.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes can reduce mortality but their effects on readmission rates are unclear. The primary aim was to evaluate the efficacy of a supervised exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation programme on cardiac readmissions in patients with acute coronary syndrome at five years. METHODS We conducted an open, controlled, randomized, hospital-based clinical trial. Patients were assigned either to the control group (CG) who received standard care or to the intervention group (IG) who participated in a supervised exercise programme (3h per week of supervised exercise training for 10 weeks). Patients were evaluated at 5 years. RESULTS Seventy-six patients [41 CG, 35 IG, mean age 59.2 (SD 10.4), 82.9% men] were included. Cardiac readmission rates at 5 years were 24% in the CG compared to 9% in the IG (p=0.068), and readmission rates for all causes were 42% in the CG and 23% in the IG (p=0.085). Emergency care for cardiac disease was required more frequently in the CG (17% vs 11%, p=0.486). IG patients performed more regular and intensive exercise (62% vs. 33%, p=0.088). In both groups there were significant deterioration in systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, waist circumference, HbAc1, triglycerides, LDL and diet, and a significant increase in HDL. CONCLUSIONS Patients who participated in the supervised exercise training programme were readmitted less often than controls for cardiac disease and for all causes at 5 years, the reduction was clinically meaningful although not statistically significant. Control of cardiovascular risk factors deteriorated in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Santaularia
- Cardiac Rehabilitation Integrated Practice Unit, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain; Faculty of Health Sciences at Manresa, Universitat de Vic - Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Manresa, Spain.
| | - A Arnau
- Central Catalonia Chronicity Research Group (C3RG), Research and Innovation Unit, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain; Centre d'Estudis Sanitaris i Socials, (CESS), Universitat de Vic-Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVIC-UCC), Vic, Spain
| | - T Jaarsma
- Department of Health, Medicine and Care, Division of Nursing Science, Linköping University, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden
| | - N Torà
- Research and Innovation Unit, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain
| | - G Vázquez-Oliva
- Department of Cardiology, Althaia Xarxa Assistencial Universitària de Manresa, Manresa, Spain; Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Vic, Universitat Central de Catalunya (UVic-UCC), Vic, Spain
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Wu Y, Zang M, Wang B, Guo W. Does the combination of exercise and cognitive training improve working memory in older adults? A systematic review and meta-analysis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15108. [PMID: 37065695 PMCID: PMC10100799 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cognitive functioning is dependent on working memory and a decline in working memory is the main cause of cognitive aging. Many studies have suggested that physical exercise or cognitive intervention can effectively improve working memory in the elderly. However, it is still unknown whether a combination of exercise and cognitive training (CECT) is more effective than either intervention alone. The present systematic review and meta-analysis were undertaken to evaluate the effect of CECT on working memory in the elderly. Methods The review was registered in the International Prospective Systematic Review (PROSPERO, CRD42021290138). Systematic searches were conducted on Web of Science, Elsevier Science, PubMed and Google Scholar. The data were extracted according to the PICOS framework. Comprehensive meta-analysis (CMA) software was used to perform the meta-analysis, moderator analysis and publication bias testing. Results The current meta-analysis included 21 randomized controlled trials (RCT). Results showed that CECT had a significantly greater impact on working memory in older adults compared to no intervention groups (SMD = 0.29, 95% CI [0.14-0.44], p < 0.01), with no significant difference between CECT and exercise (SMD = 0.16, 95% CI [-0.04-0.35], p = 0.12) or cognitive intervention alone (SMD = 0.08, 95% CI [-0.13-0.30], p = 0.44). Furthermore, the positive effect of CECT was moderated by intervention frequency and cognitive state. Conclusions The CECT can effectively improve working memory of older adults, but the effect of CECT compared to single intervention needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqing Wu
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zang
- College of Electrical Engineering, Chuzhou Polytechnic, Chuzhou, China
| | - Biye Wang
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Sports, Exercise and Brain, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wei Guo
- College of Physical Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Institute of Sports, Exercise and Brain, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Castoldi RC, de Ângelo JC, Pereira TT, Dias RM, Negrão FJ. Relationship between physical exercise and COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2): systematic review. Sport Sci Health 2023; 19:55-67. [PMID: 36643608 PMCID: PMC9825126 DOI: 10.1007/s11332-022-01028-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Background The SARS-CoV virus is a precursor to the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) and has caused millions of deaths worldwide. Although exercise can be a non-pharmacological means for the prevention and treatment of various diseases, the effects on COVID-19 patients are not yet completely clear. Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and symptoms caused by COVID-19. Methods The present systematic review was sent for evaluation and received the PROSPERO registration protocol-CRD42021257475. The search for studies related to health and physical exercise was carried out in the following databases; the "National Library in Medicine MEDLINE-Ovid", "Embase", "Web of Science", "SportDiscus-Ebsco", and "Scopus". Results Ten articles were included in the systematic review and the findings demonstrated the protective effects of physical exercise in patients with COVID-19. These effects were observed both in symptoms and in the period of hospitalization. In addition, the results show that the benefits of physical exercise seem to collaborate both in an individual manner and as an alternative to drug therapy. Finally, it was possible to verify the effect of physical exercise on variables, such as quality of life, cardiorespiratory capacity, and immunological biomarkers, and on the symptoms of the new Coronavirus. Conclusions It is possible to conclude that physical exercise can be a component for the treatment of COVID-19. In addition, it could help to reduce the symptoms and severity of COVID-19, and may be considered as an adjunct to drug therapy in patients contaminated with SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Chacon Castoldi
- grid.412335.20000 0004 0388 2432Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados-UFGD, Rua João Rosa Góes, 1761 Vila Progresso, Dourados, 79825070 Brazil ,grid.412352.30000 0001 2163 5978Postgraduate Program in Movement Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul–UFMS, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Juliana Cristina de Ângelo
- grid.410543.70000 0001 2188 478XUniversidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thiago Teixeira Pereira
- grid.442132.20000 0001 2111 5825Postgraduate Program in Biotechnology, Universidade Católica Dom Bosco-UCDB, Campo Grande, Brazil ,Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso Do Sul-UEMS, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Martins Dias
- grid.411249.b0000 0001 0514 7202Postgraduate Program in Medicine (Cardiology), Universidade Federal de São Paulo-UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fábio Juliano Negrão
- grid.412335.20000 0004 0388 2432Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Universidade Federal da Grande Dourados-UFGD, Rua João Rosa Góes, 1761 Vila Progresso, Dourados, 79825070 Brazil
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Weigmann-Faßbender S, Ulbricht H, de Schultz M, Pawandenat C, Kunadt D, Wolff M, Giesemann N, Prate K, Schetelig J, Bornhäuser M, Stölzel F, Knauthe N, Stölzel F. Fascia training in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation-a pilot study. Support Care Cancer 2022; 31:42. [PMID: 36525083 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07529-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (alloHCT) spend many weeks of treatment in an isolated environment with little room for exercise. Feasibility of a daily-performed, unassisted fascia-training program and its effects on back and foot pain, back flexibility, and quality of life were investigated. METHODS Eighteen patients receiving alloHCT were randomized to an intervention (IG: n = 9; 60.7 ± 9.2 years) or control group (CG: n = 9; 54.0 ± 15.5 years) and assessed from 1 week before to 3 weeks after transplantation (t0-t3). CG received standard care physical therapy, IG performed additionally fascia training for the back and feet twice daily. Back and foot pain, back flexibility, muscle tone, and quality of life were assessed for both IG and CG at baseline and three timepoints after alloHCT. RESULTS Fascia-training program was well accepted. No increase in hematoma formation was observed. IG reported a trend towards reduction in back pain from pre- to post-intervention (p = .074), whereas CG showed a slight increase in back pain at t3 (p = .257). IG also improved back flexibility (- 1.79 ± 5.5 cm; p = .397) while CG declined (+ 2.71 ± 5.6 cm; p = .167). No differences between groups were found for muscle tone and no significant improvements in quality of life were reported at t3. CONCLUSION Unassisted fascia training is feasible and safe for patients undergoing alloHCT. This pilot study suggests that fascia training has the potential to improve back flexibility and reduce back pain, and might be a valuable component for physical therapy in patients receiving alloHCT.
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Provencher J, Cernik R, Marin MF. Impact of Stress and Exercise on Fear Extinction. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023; 64:157-178. [PMID: 37498495 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2023_432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
This chapter reviews the literature on the impact of stress and exercise on fear extinction. Given that key brain regions of the fear circuitry (e.g., hippocampus, amygdala and frontal cortex) can be modulated by stress hormones, it is important to investigate how stress influences this process. Laboratory-based studies performed in healthy adults have yielded mixed results, which are most likely attributable to various methodological factors. Among these factors, inter-individual differences modulating the stress response and timing of stressor administration with respect to the task may contribute to this heterogeneity. Given that fear is a core manifestation of various psychopathologies and that exposure-based therapy relies on fear extinction principles, several studies have attempted to assess the role of stress hormones on exposure-based therapy in patients suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder or anxiety disorders. These studies tend to suggest a beneficial impact of stress hormones (through either natural endogenous variations or synthetic administration) on exposure-based therapy as assessed mostly by subjective fear measures. Similar to stress, exercise can have an impact on many physiological and biological systems in humans. Of note, exercise modulates biomarkers such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and anandamide (EAE) that act on brain regions implicated in the fear circuitry, supporting the importance of studying the impact of exercise on fear extinction. Overall, the results converge and indicate that fear extinction (tested in the laboratory or via exposure-based therapy in clinical populations) can be enhanced with exercise. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which stress and exercise modulate fear learning and extinction processes, as well as to maximize the applicability to clinical contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessie Provencher
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Centre of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Rebecca Cernik
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Research Centre of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-France Marin
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Research Centre of the Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
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Román Belmonte JM, Muñoz de la Torre E, Vázquez Sasot A, Sánchez Polo MT, Rodríguez Damiani BA, Resino Luís C. [Impact of lockdown on physical activity of patients with osteoarthritis during the COVID-19 pandemic]. Rehabilitacion (Madr) 2023; 57:100732. [PMID: 35545482 PMCID: PMC8898677 DOI: 10.1016/j.rh.2022.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physical activity is essential in the osteoarthritis population, however, confinement during the COVID pandemic forced lifestyle changes. An observational and descriptive study was conducted to assess physical exercise in people with degenerative osteoarticular disease (DOD) during the COVID-19 pandemic. MATERIAL AND METHODS A telephone survey was conducted among people over 60 years of age with DOD previously treated at the Hospital Central de la Cruz Roja, assessing physical exercise during the COVID-19 pandemic confinement. The variables (time of physical exercise, causes if exercise was reduced, and pain intensity) were analysed and compared with the situation prior to home confinement. RESULTS A total of 33 patients (8 men, 25 women) were included, with a mean age of 75.6 years. Polyarthrosis was the most frequent diagnosis. 51.5% performed the same amount of physical exercise, 21.21% performed more and 24.2% less than before. Only 6.1% performed more than 1 h a day of activity. 36.4% had more pain than previously. CONCLUSIONS Although there is a high adherence to the exercises learned in the rehabilitation service, COVID-19 confinement has had a negative effect on the level of exercise performed by POD patients. It is advisable to encourage physical exercise during periods of lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Román Belmonte
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, España.
| | - E Muñoz de la Torre
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Costa del Sol, Marbella, España
| | - A Vázquez Sasot
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, España
| | - M T Sánchez Polo
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, España
| | - B A Rodríguez Damiani
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, España
| | - C Resino Luís
- Servicio de Medicina Física y Rehabilitación, Hospital Universitario Central de la Cruz Roja, Madrid, España
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Satoh M, Tabei KI, Ogawa JI, Abe M, Kamikawa C, Ota Y. An Online Version of Physical Exercise with Musical Accompaniment Might Facilitate Participation by Subjects Who Cannot Participate in Person: A Questionnaire-Based Study. Dement Geriatr Cogn Dis Extra 2023; 13:10-17. [PMID: 37408596 PMCID: PMC10319092 DOI: 10.1159/000529192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Due to the ongoing outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), it is currently difficult to conduct in-person exercise classes. We thus started the program of an online physical exercise with musical accompaniment. Several interesting differences were found in the characteristics of the online participants compared with our previous in-person interventions. Participants and Methods The total number of subjects was 88 (71.2 ± 4.9 years old; male 42, female 46). The questionnaire included the attributes of the participants, the perceived advantages of the exercise classes, and the presence or absence of noticeable changes in cognitive and physical function after participating in the classes. Results The personal computers used to attend the online classes were operated by the participants themselves. About 42% of the participants felt that their sense of day of the week and volition were improved by attending the exercise classes for 3 months. The most frequent answer to the reason for participation was because it was free (81.8%). The second most frequent answer was because the classes were held online (75.0%). Almost half of the participants answered that they would not participate if it was held in person because of the risk of COVID-19 infection (75.0%) and the difficulty getting to the site where the exercise classes were held (59.1%). Conclusion Online physical exercise with musical accompaniment improved the perceived orientation, volition, activity, exercise habits, and health condition in 30-40% of the participants and also stimulated greater participation by males compared to classes held in person.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Satoh
- Department of Dementia and Neuropsychology, Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Public University Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Tabei
- School of Industrial Technology, Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Public University Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Makiko Abe
- Department of Dementia and Neuropsychology, Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Public University Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kamikawa
- Department of Dementia and Neuropsychology, Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology, Tokyo Metropolitan Public University Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Ota
- Research Institute of Brain Activation, Tokyo, Japan
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Santos PC, Machado DRL, Abdalla PP, Santos CV, Lopes S, Martins AC, Mota J, Mesquita C. Otago Exercise Program Plus Cognitive Dual-task can Reduce Fall Risk, Improve Cognition and Functioning in Older Adults. Curr Aging Sci 2023; 16:65-74. [PMID: 36043784 DOI: 10.2174/1874609815666220827143753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of falling increases with neuromusculoskeletal and cognitive changes resulting from aging. Physical exercise shows beneficial effects on the risk of falling, but the results are unknown when associated with cognitive activity dual-task (DT). OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to evaluate the impacts of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) plus DT cognitive activity on the risk of falling in older adults. METHODS 36 older adults (83.5 ± 5.7 years) participated in a quasi-experimental study, distributed in two experimental groups and a control group: 1) OEP (OEPG; n=12), 2) OEP plus DT (OEPDTG; n = 12), and a control group (CG; n=12). Older adults were evaluated at pre- and post- 12 weeks of intervention. The thresholds for the risk of falling were considered as multiparameter scores of the 10 Meter Walking Test (10MWT), evocative 10MWT, Timed Up and Go (TUG), Sit to Stand Test (STS), and The Four-Stage Balance Test (Four-Stage), and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), to test the cognitive impairment. RESULTS At baseline, all groups were homogeneous. Post-intervention, the experimental groups presented significant functional differences, in comparison to the CG, for 10MWT (OEPDTG: p= 0.002; OEPG: p= 0.002); evocative 10MWT (OEPDTG: p=0.001; OEPG: p=0.001); TUG (OEPDTG: p=0.034); STS (OEPDTG: p<0.001; OEPG: p<0.001) and cognitive for MoCA (OEPDTG: p<0.019). Significant intra-group differences (pre-post) were observed in all intervention groups, but none in CG. The risk of falling (Four-Stage) in experimental groups (OEPDTG: 33.3%; OEPG: 41.7%) was considerably lower than CG (83.3%). CONCLUSION Otago Exercise Program alone can reduce the risk of falling due to improved functionality, but adding the dual task also improves cognitive capacity in older adults. The clinical significance of these interventions goes beyond statistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Clara Santos
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Portugal, António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200 - 072, Porto, Portugal.,CIR - Center for Rehabilitation Research, ESS/PPorto, Portugal, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200 - 072, Porto, Portugal.,Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) - Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Dalmo Roberto Lopes Machado
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) - Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.,School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | - Pedro Pugliesi Abdalla
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) - Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal.,School of Nursing of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, 14040-902, Ribeirão Preto-SP, Brazil
| | | | - Sofia Lopes
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Portugal, António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200 - 072, Porto, Portugal.,CIR - Center for Rehabilitation Research, ESS/PPorto, Portugal, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200 - 072, Porto, Portugal.,Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies, School of Health Vale do Sousa, Polytechnic Institute of Health Sciences (IPSN), CESPU, Gandra, Portugal. Avenida Central de Gandra, 1317/4585- 116 Gandra PRD/Portugal
| | - Anabela Correia Martins
- LabinSaúde, Coimbra Health School Polytechnic of Coimbra, (ESTeSC-IPC), Portugal. Rua 5 de Outubro - S. Martinho do Bispo, P.O. Box 7006 3040-854, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge Mota
- Research Center in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL) - Faculty of Sport, University of Porto (FADEUP) and Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Cristina Mesquita
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health, Polytechnic of Porto, Portugal, António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200 - 072, Porto, Portugal.,CIR - Center for Rehabilitation Research, ESS/PPorto, Portugal, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 400, 4200 - 072, Porto, Portugal
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Collado Chazarra P, Santiñá Vila M. [Influence of physical activity on radiotherapy-treated breast cancer patients: A systematic review]. J Healthc Qual Res 2023; 38:50-58. [PMID: 35792048 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of survivors with cancer is growing worldwide, but the adverse effects of the radiotherapy are still frequent, affecting effort capacity, respiratory function and quality of life. The objective is to know how the physical exercise influences the respiratory function and tolerance to effort, in pacients with breast cancer after the radiotherapy treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The searches were carried out in the databases of Pubmed, PEDro, Web Of Science, Cochrane, EMBASE, UptoDate and Tripdatabase. Were included studies with patients with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy and included in an exercise program. The main results were: maximum oxygen consumption, 6 minutes walking test, forced vital capacity, vital capacity, forced expiratory volume in 1 second, total lounge capacity, inspiratory capacity, and the diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide. RESULTS The results show an increase of the effort capacity with 15% improvements in the maximum oxygen consumption and 6.675% in the 6 minutes walking test, while they are limited for the respiratory function. CONCLUSIONS The physical exercise is effective for improve the effort capacity in pacients with breast cancer treated with radiotherapy, without changes in the respiratory function. Nevertheless, new studies are necessary to investigate deeply how the physical exercise influences in those pacients, and the ideal design of the programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Collado Chazarra
- Máster Universitario en Fisioterapia del Tórax, Escuelas Universitarias Gimbernat, Barcelona, España.
| | - M Santiñá Vila
- Dirección de Calidad y Seguridad Clínica, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España
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López-Bueno R, Andersen LL, Calatayud J, Casaña J, Martínez-Jarreta B, López-Gil JF, Del Pozo Cruz B. Association of occupational physical activity and disability pension in 756,159 Spanish workers: A prospective cohort study with 13 years follow-up. Prev Med 2023; 166:107380. [PMID: 36495922 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Recent research from Nordic countries identified occupational physical activity (OPA) as a risk factor for disability pension, but further research accounting for exhaustive analyses in novel populations is warranted. Our objective was to assess the association between OPA and disability pension using administrative data. This prospective registry-based cohort study used data from the Spanish Continuous Working Life Sample (CWLS). Participants were followed up from baseline (January 1, 2006) to first event of disability pension, mortality, or end of follow-up (September 1, 2019). The assessment of OPA was based on registers of economic activity and their correspondence with a validated OPA index. To examine the association between OPA and disability pension, adjusted proportional hazard, and Fine-Gray models using mortality as competing risk were conducted. We retrieved data from 756,159 workers (57.7% men) with an average age of 38.5 years (SD 11.9). During 13.6 years from baseline to the end of follow-up (9,463,041 person-years), 18,191 men (4.2%) and 9631 (3.0%) women received a disability pension. In the fully adjusted model, participants exposed to higher levels of OPA showed higher risk for disability pension in an exposure-response fashion. Men and women exposed to very high OPA showed the highest HR for disability pension (2.31 [95% CI, 2.17 to 2.46] and 1.68 [95% CI, 1.56 to 1.81], respectively. These results warrant preventative measures to address early involuntary exit from the labour market in workers exposed to high physical work demands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén López-Bueno
- Department of Physical Medicine and Nursing, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain; National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Calatayud
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
| | - José Casaña
- Exercise Intervention for Health Research Group (EXINH-RG), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Borja Del Pozo Cruz
- Centre for Active and Healthy Ageing, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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Kumagai R, Osaki T, Oki Y, Murata S, Uchida K, Encho H, Ono R, Kowa H. The Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia PRIME Tamba (J-MINT PRIME Tamba): Study protocol of a randomised controlled multi-domain intervention trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 104:104803. [PMID: 36088747 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Japan-Multimodal Intervention Trial for Prevention of Dementia PRIME Tamba (J-MINT PRIME Tamba) is a randomised controlled trial to prevent cognitive decline in community-dwelling cognitively ordinary older people at risk of dementia. Participants are aged 65-85 years living in a rural area in Japan, aware of very mild decline in cognitive function or abilities of activities of daily living, have at least one vascular risk (e.g. hypertension or diabetes), and have a Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24 or higher. Approximately 200 participants are randomly divided into two groups, with the intervention group receiving a multi-modal intervention, including lifestyle-related disease management, physical exercise, cognitive training, and nutritional counselling, over 18 months. The primary outcome is change in the composite score of seven neuropsychological tests, including the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test, Logical Memory I and II subsets of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, and Digit Symbol Substitution Test of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale. In addition, changes in a wide range of other parameters such as physical function, blood test results, sleep, and frailty are also analysed as secondary outcomes. We believe that this study's results will contribute significantly to the development of dementia prevention measures in Japan. Clinical trial registration number: UMIN000041938.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryoko Kumagai
- Division of Cognitive and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Tohmi Osaki
- Centre for Preventing Dementia, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan; Department of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Kobe Gakuin University, 518 Arise, Ikawadani-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2180, Japan.
| | - Yutaro Oki
- Centre for Preventing Dementia, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Murata
- Centre for Preventing Dementia, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan; Department of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Kishibeshimmachi, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Uchida
- Division of Community Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan; Department of Prevention and Care Science, Research Institute, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, 7-430 Morioka, Obu, Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Haruhi Encho
- Division of Community Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan
| | - Rei Ono
- Division of Community Health Sciences, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan; Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1, Toyama, Shinjyuku, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
| | - Hisatomo Kowa
- Division of Cognitive and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation Science, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 654-0142, Japan.
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Ramírez-Vélez R, González A, García-Hermoso A, Amézqueta IL, Izquierdo M, Díez J. Revisiting skeletal myopathy and exercise training in heart failure: Emerging role of myokines. Metabolism 2023; 138:155348. [PMID: 36410495 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Exercise intolerance remains a major unmet medical need in patients with heart failure (HF). Skeletal myopathy is currently considered as the major limiting factor for exercise capacity in HF patients. On the other hand, emerging evidence suggest that physical exercise can decrease morbidity and mortality in HF patients. Therefore, mechanistic insights into skeletal myopathy may uncover critical aspects for therapeutic interventions to improve exercise performance in HF. Emerging data reviewed in this article suggest that the assessment of circulating myokines (molecules synthesized and secreted by skeletal muscle in response to contraction that display autocrine, paracrine and endocrine actions) may provide new insights into the pathophysiology, phenotyping and prognostic stratification of HF-related skeletal myopathy. Further studies are required to determine whether myokines may also serve as biomarkers to personalize the modality and dose of physical training prescribed for patients with HF and exercise intolerance. In addition, the production and secretion of myokines in patients with HF may interact with systemic alterations (e.g., inflammation and metabolic disturbances), frequently present in patients with HF. Furthermore, myokines may exert beneficial or detrimental effects on cardiac structure and function, which may influence adverse cardiac remodelling and clinical outcomes in HF patients. Collectively, these data suggest that a deeper knowledge on myokines regulation and actions may lead to the identification of novel physical exercise-based therapeutic approaches for HF patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robinson Ramírez-Vélez
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Spain; CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Arantxa González
- Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad deNavarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Spain; CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñigo Latasa Amézqueta
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad deNavarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Mikel Izquierdo
- Navarrabiomed, Hospital Universitario de Navarra (HUN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), Spain; CIBERFES, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain.
| | - Javier Díez
- Institute for Health Research of Navarra (IDISNA), Pamplona, Spain; Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center of Applied Medical Research (CIMA), Universidad deNavarra, Pamplona, Spain; CIBERCV, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain.
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Cheng KYK, Bao Z, Long Y, Liu C, Huang T, Cui C, Chow SKH, Wong RMY, Cheung WH. Sarcopenia and Ageing. Subcell Biochem 2023; 103:95-120. [PMID: 37120466 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-26576-1_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal ageing is a major health challenge as muscles and bones constitute around 55-60% of body weight. Ageing muscles will result in sarcopenia that is characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength with a risk of adverse outcomes. In recent years, a few consensus panels provide new definitions for sarcopenia. It was officially recognized as a disease in 2016 with an ICD-10-CM disease code, M62.84, in the International Classification of Diseases (ICD). With the new definitions, there are many studies emerging to investigate the pathogenesis of sarcopenia, exploring new interventions to treat sarcopenia and evaluating the efficacy of combination treatments for sarcopenia. The scope of this chapter is to summarize and appraise the evidence in terms of (1) clinical signs, symptoms, screening, and diagnosis, (2) pathogenesis of sarcopenia with emphasis on mitochondrial dysfunction, intramuscular fat infiltration and neuromuscular junction deterioration, and (3) current treatments with regard to physical exercises and nutritional supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Yu-Kin Cheng
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhengyuan Bao
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Division of Sports Medicine and Adult Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Long
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chaoran Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Can Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ronald Man Yeung Wong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Hoi Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Villanego F, Arroyo D, Martínez-Majolero V, Hernández-Sánchez S, Esteve-Simó V. Importance of physical exercise prescription in patients with chronic kidney disease: results of the survey of the Grupo Español Multidisciplinar de Ejercicio Físico en el Enfermo Renal [Spanish Multidisciplinary Group of Physical Exercise in Kidney Patients] (GEMEFER). Nefrologia 2023; 43:126-132. [PMID: 37003930 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the benefits of physical exercise (PE) for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), the number of Nephrology services that have PE programs is limited. OBJECTIVES To describe the degree of knowledge of PE benefits in patients with CKD among professionals, as well as the level of implementation and characteristics of PE programs in Nephrology services in Spain. METHODS A questionnaire on the degree of knowledge and prescription of PE in patients with CKD was designed and sent to members of the Spanish Nephrology and Nephrology Nursing Societies, as well as to physiotherapists and professionals in the Sciences of Physical Activity and Sport (PASS). RESULTS 264 professionals participated. 98.8% agreed on the importance of prescribing PE, but only 20.5% carry out an assessment of functional capacity and 19.3% have a PE program for patients with CKD in their centre. The most frequent programs are performed for haemodialysis patients and strength and aerobic resistance exercises are combined. A physiotherapist or a PASS usually participates in its prescription. The main barriers were the absence of human and/or physical resources and the lack of training. CONCLUSIONS Healthcare workers know the benefits of PE in patients with CKD. However, the implementation of these programs in Spain is low, motivated by the lack of resources and training of professionals. We must establish strategies to guarantee an adequate functional capacity within the care of our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Arroyo
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Vicent Esteve-Simó
- Servicio de Nefrología, Consorci Sanitari de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
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147
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Park HJ, Rhie SJ, Shim I. Regulatory role of cytokines on etiology of depression in animal models: their biological mechanisms and clinical implication with physical exercise. J Exerc Rehabil 2022; 18:344-349. [PMID: 36684530 PMCID: PMC9816612 DOI: 10.12965/jer.2244506.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
It has been known that chronic psychological or physical stress elicits depressive behaviors (learned helplessness, anhedonia, anxiety, etc.) and also activates to release proinflammatory cytokines in the brain. Especially, postmenopausal women under stress condition exacerbates neuroimmune systems and mood disorder. Repeated restraint stress in the ovariectomized female rats poses an immune challenge which was capable of inducing depressive-like behaviors, promoting exaggerated corticosterone responses and changing the proinflammatory cytokine expression such as interleukin (IL)-1β in the brain. Also, anti-inflammatory cytokines including IL-4 are known to regulate inflammation caused by immune response or stress challenge. Furthermore, some studies reported that physical activity can reduce stress hormones and improve personal immunity. Physical exercise has been shown to be associated with decreased symptoms of depression and anxiety, and with improved physical health, immunological function, and psychological well-being. This paper aims to discuss an overview of how stress shapes neuroimmune response and diverse roles of cytokines in animals models, acting on depressive-like behavioral changes; some beneficial aspects of exercise on stress-related disorders are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jung Park
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyonggi University, Suwon,
Korea
| | - Sung Ja Rhie
- Department of Beauty Design, Halla University, Wonju,
Korea
| | - Insop Shim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul,
Korea,Corresponding author: Insop Shim, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea,
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148
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Henkin JS, Rosa DD, Morelle AM, Caleffi M, Pinto SS, Pinto RS. Exercise volume load in women with breast cancer: Study protocol for the ABRACE randomized clinical trial. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2022; 31:101053. [PMID: 36589863 PMCID: PMC9798137 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2022.101053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increased number of breast cancer patients are challenged by acute and persistent treatment side effects. Oncology guidelines have been establishing physical exercise to counteract several treatment-related toxicities throughout cancer care. However, evidence regarding the optimal dose-response, feasibility, and the minimal resistance exercise volume and/or intensity remains unclear. The ABRACE Study will assess the impact of different resistance training volumes (i.e., single or multiple sets) combined with aerobic exercise on physical and psychological outcomes of breast cancer patients undergoing primary treatment. Methods This study is a randomized, controlled, three-armed parallel trial. A total of 84 participants, aged ≥18 years, with breast cancer stages I-III, initiating adjuvant or neoadjuvant chemotherapy (≤50% of sessions completed) will be randomized to multiple sets resistance training plus aerobic training group, single set resistance training plus aerobic training group or control group. Neuromuscular and cancer-related fatigue (primary outcomes), muscle strength, muscle thickness, muscle quality by echo intensity, body composition, cardiorespiratory capacity, functional performance, upper-body endurance and quality of life will be measured before and after the 12-week intervention. Our analysis will follow the intention-to-treat approach and per-protocol criteria, with additional sub-group analysis. Discussion Findings support prescribing exercise during chemotherapy for breast cancer and elucidate the potential role of different resistance training volumes as a management strategy for physical and psychological impairments in women with early-stage breast cancer. Our main hypothesis is for superiority in physical and psychological outcomes for both training groups compared to the control group, with no difference between single or multiple sets groups. Trial registration Clinical trials NCT03314168.
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Key Words
- 1-RM, one-repetition maximum
- 3-RM, three-repetition maximum
- ABRACE, Adaptations to Breast Cancer and Exercise
- Breast neoplasms
- CG, control group
- Combined training
- DXA, Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry
- EI, echo intensity
- ES, effect size
- Fatigue
- ITT, intent-to-treat analysis
- MQ, muscle quality
- MT, muscle thickness
- PP, per-protocol analysis
- Physical exercise
- QF, quadriceps
- QoL, quality of life
- RF, rectus femoris
- SM + AT, multiple sets resistance training plus aerobic training
- SS + AT, single set resistance training plus aerobic training
- Strength training
- VL, vastus lateralis
- VM, vastus medialis
- VT, vastus intermedius
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Affiliation(s)
- João Saldanha Henkin
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Corresponding author. Exercise Research Laboratory (LAPEX), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Rua Felizardo, 750 – Bairro Jardim Botânico, CEP: 90690-200, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Daniela Dornelles Rosa
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Breast Unit, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Internal Medicine Department, Oncology Unit, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Maira Caleffi
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil,Breast Unit, Hospital Moinhos de Vento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Santanna Pinto
- Neuromuscular Assessment Laboratory, Physical Education School, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ronei Silveira Pinto
- Exercise Research Laboratory, Physical Education, Physiotherapy, and Dance School, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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149
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de Sousa Fernandes MS, Aidar FJ, da Silva Pedroza AA, de Andrade Silva SC, Santos GCJ, dos Santos Henrique R, Clemente FM, Silva AF, de Souza RF, Ferreira DJ, Badicu G, Lagranha C, Nobari H. Effects of aerobic exercise training in oxidative metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis markers on prefrontal cortex in obese mice. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:213. [PMID: 36527152 PMCID: PMC9758933 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00607-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To evaluate the effects of 8 weeks of Aerobic Physical Training (AET) on the mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative balance in the Prefrontal Cortex (PFC) of leptin deficiency-induced obese mice (ob/ob mice). METHODS Then, the mice were submitted to an 8-week protocol of aerobic physical training (AET) at moderate intensity (60% of the maximum running speed). In the oxidative stress, we analyzed Malonaldehyde (MDA) and Carbonyls, the enzymatic activity of Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Catalase (CAT) and Glutathione S Transferase (GST), non-enzymatic antioxidant system: reduced glutathione (GSH), and Total thiols. Additionally, we evaluated the gene expression of PGC-1α SIRT-1, and ATP5A related to mitochondrial biogenesis and function. RESULTS In our study, we did not observe a significant difference in MDA (p = 0.2855), Carbonyl's (p = 0.2246), SOD (p = 0.1595), and CAT (p = 0.6882) activity. However, the activity of GST (p = 0.04), the levels of GSH (p = 0.001), and Thiols (p = 0.02) were increased after 8 weeks of AET. Additionally, there were high levels of PGC-1α (p = 0.01), SIRT-1 (p = 0.009), and ATP5A (p = 0.01) gene expression after AET in comparison with the sedentary group. CONCLUSIONS AET for eight weeks can improve antioxidant defense and increase the expression of PGC-1α, SIRT-1, and ATP5A in PFC of ob/ob mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Santos de Sousa Fernandes
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- grid.411252.10000 0001 2285 6801Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Anderson Apolônio da Silva Pedroza
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE Brazil
| | - Severina Cássia de Andrade Silva
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE Brazil
| | | | - Rafael dos Santos Henrique
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Filipe Manuel Clemente
- grid.27883.360000 0000 8824 6371Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal ,grid.421174.50000 0004 0393 4941Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, 1049-001 Lisbon, Portugal ,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- grid.27883.360000 0000 8824 6371Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal ,Research Center in Sports Performance, Recreation, Innovation and Technology (SPRINT), 4960-320 Melgaço, Portugal
| | - Raphael Fabrício de Souza
- grid.411252.10000 0001 2285 6801Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristovão, Sergipe Brazil
| | - Diorginis José Ferreira
- grid.412386.a0000 0004 0643 9364Department of Physical Education, Federal University of São Francisco Valley, Petrolina, Pernambuco Brazil
| | - Georgian Badicu
- grid.5120.60000 0001 2159 8361Department of Physical Education and Special Motricity, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500068 Brasov, Romania
| | - Claudia Lagranha
- grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Graduate Program in Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco Brazil ,grid.411227.30000 0001 0670 7996Laboratory of Biochemistry and Exercise Biochemistry, Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Federal University of Pernambuco, Vitória de Santo Antão, PE Brazil
| | - Hadi Nobari
- grid.5120.60000 0001 2159 8361Department of Motor Performance, Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Braşov, 500068 Brasov, Romania ,grid.413026.20000 0004 1762 5445Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Educational Sciences and Psychology, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, 56199-11367 Iran ,grid.8393.10000000119412521Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, 10003 Cáceres, Spain
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150
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Duñabeitia I, Bidaurrazaga-Letona I, Diz JC, Colon-Leira S, García-Fresneda A, Ayán C. Effects of physical exercise in people with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Epilepsy Behav 2022; 137:108959. [PMID: 36399947 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies suggest that physical exercise lead to improvements in the psychosocial dimension, associated comorbidities as well as to a higher quality of life (QoL) in people with epilepsy. However, there is a need to provide evidence-based guidelines for its prescription. Therefore, this review aimed to systematically evaluate and meta-analyze the available data on the potential effects of physical exercise training programs in people with epilepsy. METHODS Four electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, PEDro, SPORTDiscuss and Scopus) were searched systematically from their inception until April 2022 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs), comparative studies and non-controlled studies that provided information regarding the effects of physical exercise training programs on people with epilepsy. The studies' methodological quality assessment was performed using the PEDro, the MINORS and the Quality Assessment Tool for Before-After Studies with No Control Group scales. For the meta-analysis, inverse variance or generic inverse variance was use to report mean difference or standardized mean difference for continuous data and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Chi-squared test and I2 test. RESULTS After removing duplicated studies, 82 results were retrieved by the literature search and 14 were eligible for full text search. Finally, 14 studies with a methodological quality ranging from good to low quality met the inclusion criteria. Totally, 331 people with epilepsy were evaluated. Significant changes between preand post-intervention results in the exercise intervention groups were observed for QoL, fitness level, psycho-affective and neurocognitive outcomes. Findings from the meta-analysis indicated that moderate exercise led to a non-significant decrease (p = 0.08, Chi-squared test) in seizure frequency (SMD 0.33 95% CI 0.04; 0.70), while a significant effect of exercise was observed on QoL with a mean improvement of 4.72 percentage points (95% CI 0.58; 8.86, p = 0.03). CONCLUSION Improvements on QoL, fitness level, psycho-affective and neurocognitive outcomes can be achieved through exercise training in people with epilepsy. Altogether, the findings suggest that people with epilepsy can benefit from exercising.
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