151
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Sharma P, Jha NS. Mechanistic aspects of binding of telomeric over parallel G-quadruplex with novel synthesized Knoevenagel condensate 4-nitrobenzylidene curcumin. J Mol Recognit 2023; 36:e3041. [PMID: 37210661 DOI: 10.1002/jmr.3041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The introduction of small ligands to stabilise G-quadruplex DNA structures is a promising method for developing anti-cancer drugs. It is challenging to stabilise the G-quadruplex structure, which can take on a variety of topologies and is known to inhibit specific biological processes. To achieve this, 4-nitrobenzylidene curcumin (NBC), the Knoevenagel condensate of curcumin, was synthesized and characterized. The interaction of 4-nitrobenzylidene curcumin with parallel (c-MYC) and hybrid (H-telo) G-quadruplex structures was studied by circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, UV-thermal melting, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and docking studies. The outcome demonstrates that, in a K+ -rich solution, the ligand NBC can stabilise the parallel c-MYC and hybrid H-telo G-quadruplex structures by 5°C. The absorption and fluorescence studies show that the ligand NBC binds to c-MYC and H-telo with affinities of 0.3 × 106 M-1 and 0.6 × 106 M-1 , respectively. The ligand interacts with the terminal G-quartet of the quadruplex structure via intercalation and the groove mode of binding, well supported by docking studies as well. NBC has more potent antioxidant activity as compared to the curcumin and 4-nitro benzaldehyde. It was also found to have higher cytotoxic activity towards cell line such as HeLa and MCF-7, while less cytotoxic for healthy Vero cells. Overall, the results show that the Knoevenagel product of curcumin can work better as a G-quadruplex binder and could be used as a possible treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Patna, India
| | - Niki Sweta Jha
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Patna, India
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152
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Kim HJ. Spectroscopic and Chemical Properties of Ionic Liquids: Computational Study. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202300075. [PMID: 37166396 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
A brief account is given of highlights of our computational efforts - often in collaboration with experimental groups - to understand spectroscopic and chemical properties of ionic liquids (ILs). Molecular dynamics, including their inhomogeneous character, responsible for key spectral features observed in dielectric absorption, infra-red (IR) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) measurements are elucidated. Mechanisms of chemical processes involving imidazolium-based ILs are illustrated for CO2 capture and related reactions, transesterification of cellulose, and Au nanocluster-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction with attention paid to differing roles of IL ions. A comparison with experiments is also made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung J Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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153
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Klietz M, Mahmoudi N, Maudsley AA, Sheriff S, Bronzlik P, Almohammad M, Nösel P, Wegner F, Höglinger GU, Lanfermann H, Ding XQ. Whole-Brain Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Reveals Distinct Alterations in Neurometabolic Profile in Progressive Supranuclear Palsy. Mov Disord 2023; 38:1503-1514. [PMID: 37289057 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is an atypical Parkinsonian syndrome characterized by supranuclear gaze palsy, early postural instability, and a frontal dysexecutive syndrome. Contrary to normal brain magnetic resonance imaging in Parkinson's disease (PD), PSP shows specific cerebral atrophy patterns and alterations, but these findings are not present in every patient, and it is still unclear if these signs are also detectable in early disease stages. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to analyze the metabolic profile of patients with clinically diagnosed PSP in comparison with matched healthy volunteers and PD patients using whole-brain magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (wbMRSI). METHODS Thirty-nine healthy controls (HCs), 29 PD, and 22 PSP patients underwent wbMRSI. PSP and PD patients were matched for age and handedness with HCs. Clinical characterization was performed using the Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, PSP rating scale, and DemTect (test for cognitive assessment). RESULTS In PSP patients a significant reduction in N-acetyl-aspartate (NAA) was detected in all brain lobes. Fractional volume of the cerebrospinal fluid significantly increased in PSP patients compared to PD and healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS In PSP much more neuronal degeneration and cerebral atrophy have been detected compared with PD. The most relevant alteration is the decrease in NAA in all lobes of the brain, which also showed a partial correlation with clinical symptoms. However, more studies are needed to confirm the additional value of wbMRSI in clinical practice. © 2023 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Klietz
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Nima Mahmoudi
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Andrew A Maudsley
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Sulaiman Sheriff
- Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Paul Bronzlik
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Nösel
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Florian Wegner
- Department of Neurology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | - Xiao-Qi Ding
- Department of Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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154
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Weng S. Editorial: Spectroscopy, imaging and machine learning for crop stress. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1240738. [PMID: 37575911 PMCID: PMC10420075 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1240738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shizhuang Weng
- National Engineering Research Center for Agro-Ecological Big Data Analysis & Application, School of Electronic and Information Engnieering Anhui University, Hefei, China
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155
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Arya A, Jain A, Kishore N. Thermodynamics of modulation of interaction of α-helix inducer 2, 2, 2-trifluoroethanol with lysozyme in presence of cationic, anionic and non-ionic surfactants. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37493410 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2239922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of anionic sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS), cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and nonionic triton X-100 (TX-100) surfactants with lysozyme at pH = 2.4 have been studied individually as well as in combination with 2,2,2-trifluoroetanol (TFE). Urea has also been used in combination with surfactants. By using these combinations, efforts have been made to obtain partially folded conformations of the protein in the presence of surfactants and effect of α-helix inducer 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol on these intermediate states. Thermodynamic analysis of all these interactions has been done employing a combination of UV-visible, fluorescence and circular dichroism spectroscopies. The results have been correlated with each other and characterized qualitatively as well as quantitatively. At lower concentration of surfactant, the thermodynamic parameters indicated the destabilizing effect of SDS, stabilizing effect of CTAB and unappreciable destabilizing impact of TX-100 on lysozyme. The enhancement in destabilization effect or reduction in stabilization effect of surfactants on lysozyme in the presence of TFE and urea has also been indicated.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anju Arya
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Anu Jain
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
| | - Nand Kishore
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India
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156
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Manukyan K, Yeghishyan A, Aprahamian A, Jordan L, Kurkowski M, Raddell M, Richter Le L, Schultz ZD, Spillane L, Wiescher M. Multiscale analysis of Benjamin Franklin's innovations in American paper money. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2301856120. [PMID: 37459518 PMCID: PMC10374172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2301856120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Benjamin Franklin was a preeminent proponent of the new colonial and Continental paper monetary system in 18th-century America. He established a network of printers, designing and printing money notes at the same time. Franklin recognized the necessity of paper money in breaking American dependence on the British trading system, and he helped print Continental money to finance the American War of Independence. We use a unique combination of nondistractive, microdestructive, and advanced atomic-level imaging methods, including Raman, Infrared, electron energy loss spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence, and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy, to analyze pre-Federal American paper money from the Rare Books and Special Collections of the Hesburgh Library at the University of Notre Dame. We investigate and compare the chemical compositions of the paper fibers, the inks, and fillers made of special crystals in the bills printed by Franklin's printing network, other colonial printers, and counterfeit money. Our results reveal previously unknown ways that Franklin developed to safeguard printed money notes against counterfeiting. Franklin used natural graphite pigments to print money and developed durable "money paper" with colored fibers and translucent muscovite fillers, along with his own unique designs of "nature-printed" patterns and paper watermarks. These features and inventions made pre-Federal American paper currency an archetype for developing paper money for centuries to come. Our multiscale analysis also provides essential information for the preservation of historical paper money.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khachatur Manukyan
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Armenuhi Yeghishyan
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Ani Aprahamian
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Louis Jordan
- Rare Books and Special Collections, Hesburgh Libraries, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Michael Kurkowski
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Mark Raddell
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Laura Richter Le
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | - Zachary D. Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
| | | | - Michael Wiescher
- Nuclear Science Laboratory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN46556
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157
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Kizmann M, Yadalam HK, Chernyak VY, Mukamel S. Quantum interferometry and pathway selectivity in the nonlinear response of photosynthetic excitons. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304737120. [PMID: 37459540 PMCID: PMC10372689 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304737120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose a time-frequency resolved spectroscopic technique which employs nonlinear interferometers to study exciton-exciton scattering in molecular aggregates. A higher degree of control over the contributing Liouville pathways is obtained as compared to classical light. We show how the nonlinear response can be isolated from the orders-of-magnitude stronger linear background by either phase matching or polarization filtering. Both arise due to averaging the signal over a large number of noninteracting, randomly oriented molecules. We apply our technique to the Frenkel exciton model which excludes charge separation for the photosystem II reaction center. We show how the sum of the entangled photon frequencies can be used to select two-exciton resonances, while their delay times reveal the single-exciton levels involved in the optical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kizmann
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92614
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA92614
| | - Hari Kumar Yadalam
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92614
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA92614
| | - Vladimir Y. Chernyak
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI48202
- Department of Mathematics, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI48202
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92614
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, CA92614
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158
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Tomažič S, Škrjanc I. Halfway to Automated Feeding of Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:6618. [PMID: 37514911 PMCID: PMC10383754 DOI: 10.3390/s23146618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a comprehensive study on the development of models and soft sensors required for the implementation of the automated bioreactor feeding of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells using Raman spectroscopy and chemometric methods. This study integrates various methods, such as partial least squares regression and variable importance in projection and competitive adaptive reweighted sampling, and highlights their effectiveness in overcoming challenges such as high dimensionality, multicollinearity and outlier detection in Raman spectra. This paper emphasizes the importance of data preprocessing and the relationship between independent and dependent variables in model construction. It also describes the development of a simulation environment whose core is a model of CHO cell kinetics. The latter allows the development of advanced control algorithms for nutrient dosing and the observation of the effects of different parameters on the growth and productivity of CHO cells. All developed models were validated and demonstrated to have a high robustness and predictive accuracy, which were reflected in a 40% reduction in the root mean square error compared to established methods. The results of this study provide valuable insights into the practical application of these methods in the field of monitoring and automated cell feeding and make an important contribution to the further development of process analytical technology in the bioprocess industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Tomažič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Igor Škrjanc
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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159
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Serol M, Ahmad SM, Quintas A, Família C. Chemical Analysis of Gunpowder and Gunshot Residues. Molecules 2023; 28:5550. [PMID: 37513421 PMCID: PMC10386329 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of firearms is of paramount importance for investigating crimes involving firearms, as it establishes the link between a particular firearm and firearm-related elements found at a crime scene, such as projectiles and cartridge cases. This identification relies on the visual comparison of such elements against reference samples from suspect firearms or those existing in databases. Whenever this approach is not possible, the chemical analysis of the gunpowder and gunshot residue can provide additional information that may assist in establishing a link between samples retrieved at a crime scene and those from a suspect or in the identification of the corresponding model and manufacturer of the ammunition used. The most commonly used method for the chemical analysis of gunshot residue is scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray, which focuses on the inorganic elements present in ammunition formulation, particularly heavy metals. However, a change in the legal paradigm is pushing changes in these formulations to remove heavy metals due to their potential for environmental contamination and the health hazards they represent. For this reason, the importance of the analysis of organic compounds is leading to the adoption of a different set of analytical methodologies, mostly based on spectroscopy and chromatography. This manuscript reviews the constitution of primer and gunpowder formulations and the analytical methods currently used for detecting, characterising, and identifying their compounds. In addition, this contribution also explores how the information provided by these methodologies can be used in ammunition identification and how it is driving the development of novel applications within forensic ballistics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Serol
- Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Samir Marcos Ahmad
- Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Forensic and Psychological Sciences Laboratory Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Alexandre Quintas
- Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Forensic and Psychological Sciences Laboratory Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carlos Família
- Molecular Pathology and Forensic Biochemistry Laboratory, Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
- Forensic and Psychological Sciences Laboratory Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário-Quinta da Granja, Monte da Caparica, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal
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160
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van Hoogstraten SWG, Kuik C, Arts JJC, Cillero-Pastor B. Molecular imaging of bacterial biofilms-a systematic review. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-22. [PMID: 37452571 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2223704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
The formation of bacterial biofilms in the human body and on medical devices is a serious human health concern. Infections related to bacterial biofilms are often chronic and difficult to treat. Detailed information on biofilm formation and composition over time is essential for a fundamental understanding of the underlying mechanisms of biofilm formation and its response to anti-biofilm therapy. However, information on the chemical composition, structural components of biofilms, and molecular interactions regarding metabolism- and communication pathways within the biofilm, such as uptake of administered drugs or inter-bacteria communication, remains elusive. Imaging these molecules and their distribution in the biofilm increases insight into biofilm development, growth, and response to environmental factors or drugs. This systematic review provides an overview of molecular imaging techniques used for bacterial biofilm imaging. The techniques included mass spectrometry-based techniques, fluorescence-labelling techniques, spectroscopic techniques, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), micro-computed tomography (µCT), and several multimodal approaches. Many molecules were imaged, such as proteins, lipids, metabolites, and quorum-sensing (QS) molecules, which are crucial in intercellular communication pathways. Advantages and disadvantages of each technique, including multimodal approaches, to study molecular processes in bacterial biofilms are discussed, and recommendations on which technique best suits specific research aims are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- S W G van Hoogstraten
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - C Kuik
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - J J C Arts
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, CAPHRI, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Orthopaedic Biomechanics, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - B Cillero-Pastor
- Maastricht MultiModal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Cell Biology-Inspired Tissue Engineering, The MERLN Institute for Technology-Inspired Regenerative Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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161
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Langer F, Utami A, Kirres J, Krämer E, Bachmann J. GD-OES Investigations of Lithium-Ion Battery Graphite Anodes: Impact of Plasma Parameters and Electrode Properties. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37409783 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the demand of lithium-ion battery investigations with glow discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GD-OES), a fundamental study of the influence of essential GD-OES parameters toward graphite anodes in an argon plasma was conducted and compared to previous investigations of massive materials. It is shown that increased applied voltage (500-700 V) enhances the sputtering rate by up to 100%/100 V while keeping the crater shape unaffected. In contrast to this, gas pressure variation seems to be the main tool for crater shape adjustment. Enhancement of the gas pressure (160-300 Pa) pushes the crater profile from a concave to flat shape and to concave again. Known plasma effects are discussed and correlated with the observations. A set of measuring parameters providing a good balance between the crater shape and the sputtering rate is proposed. Additionally, an increase of the duty cycle in the pulsed glow discharge mode leads to a linear increase of the sputtering rate, while a pulse duration rise enhances the sputtering rate in a nonlinear fashion. Thus, different pulsing conditions represent instruments for enhancement of the sputtering rate without affecting the crater shape significantly. Our investigation of different electrode densities shows that lower densities lead to a larger sputtered volume as well as a larger concavity of the released crater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Langer
- Mercedes-Benz Group AG, Mercedesstr. 120, 70372 Stuttgart, Germany
- Lehrstuhl Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anggraini Utami
- Mercedes-Benz Group AG, Mercedesstr. 120, 70372 Stuttgart, Germany
- Hochschule Darmstadt, Schöfferstraße 3, 64295 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jochen Kirres
- Mercedes-Benz Group AG, Mercedesstr. 120, 70372 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Krämer
- Mercedes-Benz Group AG, Mercedesstr. 120, 70372 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Lehrstuhl Chemistry of Thin Film Materials, IZNF, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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162
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Verma P, Srivastava A, Tandon P, Shimpi MR. Insights into structural, spectroscopic, and hydrogen bonding interaction patterns of nicotinamide-oxalic acid (form I) salt by using experimental and theoretical approaches. Front Chem 2023; 11:1203278. [PMID: 37476653 PMCID: PMC10354448 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1203278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present work, nicotinamide-oxalic acid (NIC-OXA, form I) salt was crystallized by slow evaporation of an aqueous solution. To understand the molecular structure and spectroscopic properties of NIC after co-crystallization with OXA, experimental infrared (IR), Raman spectroscopic signatures, X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques were used to characterize and validate the salt. The density functional theory (DFT) methodology was adopted to perform all theoretical calculations by using the B3LYP/6-311++G (d, p) functional/basis set. The experimental geometrical parameters were matched in good correlation with the theoretical parameters of the dimer than the monomer, due to the fact of covering the nearest hydrogen bonding interactions present in the crystal structure of the salt. The IR and Raman spectra of the dimer showed the red (downward) shifting and broadening of bands among (N15-H16), (N38-H39), and (C13=O14) bonds of NIC and (C26=O24), (C3=O1), and (C26=O25) groups of OXA, hence involved in the formation of NIC-OXA salt. The atoms in molecules (AIM) analysis revealed that (N8-H9···O24) is the strongest (conventional) intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction in the dimer model of salt with the maximum value of interaction energy -12.1 kcal mol-1. Furthermore, the natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis of the Fock matrix showed that in the dimer model, the (N8-H9···O24) bond is responsible for the stabilization of the salt with an energy value of 13.44 kcal mol-1. The frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) analysis showed that NIC-OXA (form I) salt is more reactive and less stable than NIC, as the energy gap of NIC-OXA (form I) salt is less than that of NIC. The global and local reactivity descriptor parameters were calculated for the monomer and dimer models of the salt. The electrophilic, nucleophilic, and neutral reactive sites of NIC, OXA, monomer, and dimer models of salt were visualized by plotting the molecular electrostatic potential (MESP) surface. The study provides valuable insights into combining both experimental and theoretical results that could define the physicochemical properties of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Verma
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Poonam Tandon
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India
| | - Manishkumar R. Shimpi
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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163
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Babayan-Mashhadi F, Rezvani-Noghani A, Mokaberi P, Amiri-Tehranizadeh Z, Saberi MR, Chamani J. Exploring the binding behavior mechanism of vitamin B 12 to α-Casein and β-Casein: multi- spectroscopy and molecular dynamic approaches. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-18. [PMID: 37403294 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2230295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the behavior interaction of α-Casein-B12 and β-Casein-B12 complexes as binary systems through the methods of multiple spectroscopic, zeta potential, calorimetric, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. Fluorescence spectroscopy denoted the role ofB12as a quencher in both cases of α-Casein and β-Casein fluorescence intensities, which also verifies the existence of interactions. The quenching constants of α-Casein-B12 and β-Casein-B12 complexes at 298 K in the first set of binding sites were 2.89 × 104 and 4.41 × 104 M-1, while the constants of second set of binding sites were 8.56 × 104 and 1.58 × 105 M-1, respectively. The data of synchronized fluorescence spectroscopy at Δλ = 60 nm were indicative of the closer location of β-Casein-B12 complex to the Tyr residues. Additionally, the binding distance between B12 and the Trp residues of α-Casein and β-Casein were obtained in accordance to the Förster's theory of nonradioactive energy transfer to be 1.95 nm and 1.85 nm, respectively. Relatively, the RLS results demonstrated the production of larger particles in both systems, while the outcomes of zeta potential confirmed the formation of α-Casein-B12 and β-Casein-B12 complexes and approved the existence of electrostatic interactions. We also evaluated the thermodynamic parameters by considering the fluorescence data at three varying temperatures. According to the nonlinear Stern-Volmer plots of α-Casein and β-Casein in the presence of B12 in binary systems, the two sets of binding sites indicated the detection of two types of interaction behaviors. Time-resolved fluorescence results revealed that the fluorescence quenching of complexes are static mechanism. Furthermore, the outcomes of circular dichroism (CD) represented the occurrence of conformational changes in α-Casein and β-Casein upon their binding to B12 as the binary system. The experimental results that were obtained throughout the binding of α-Casein-B12 and β-Casein-B12 complexes were confirmed by molecular modeling.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Parisa Mokaberi
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Zeinab Amiri-Tehranizadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Saberi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Jamshidkhan Chamani
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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164
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Lin YC, Masquelier E, Al Sabeh Y, Sepunaru L, Gordon MJ, Morse DE. Voltage-calibrated, finely tunable protein assembly. J R Soc Interface 2023; 20:20230183. [PMID: 37403486 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2023.0183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronally triggered phosphorylation drives the calibrated and cyclable assembly of the reflectin signal transducing proteins, resulting in their fine tuning of colours reflected from specialized skin cells in squid for camouflage and communication. In close parallel to this physiological behaviour, we demonstrate for the first time that electrochemical reduction of reflectin A1, used as a surrogate for charge neutralization by phosphorylation, triggers voltage-calibrated, proportional and cyclable control of the size of the protein's assembly. Electrochemically triggered condensation, folding and assembly were simultaneously analysed using in situ dynamic light scattering, circular dichroism and UV absorbance spectroscopies. The correlation of assembly size with applied potential is probably linked to reflectin's mechanism of dynamic arrest, which is controlled by the extent of neuronally triggered charge neutralization and the corresponding fine tuning of colour in the biological system. This work opens a new perspective on electrically controlling and simultaneously observing reflectin assembly and, more broadly, provides access to manipulate, observe and electrokinetically control the formation of intermediates and conformational dynamics of macromolecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Chen Lin
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Eloise Masquelier
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Materials Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Yahya Al Sabeh
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Lior Sepunaru
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Michael J Gordon
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Daniel E Morse
- Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
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165
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Vesselinova IV, Jensen KN, Hansen TG. Propofol and thiopental for intravenous induction in neonates: Study protocol for a dose-finding trial. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2023; 67:820-828. [PMID: 36919345 DOI: 10.1111/aas.14238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propofol and thiopental are commonly used induction agents in neonatal anesthesia. Even though both hypnotics have been used off-label for many years, pharmacological knowledge regarding these agents is scarce in neonates. The significant variability in neonates' body composition, organ function, and maturation makes pharmacological studies highly relevant albeit challenging. As a result, there is currently limited data about the anesthetic induction dose of thiopental and propofol in neonates. In addition, a knowledge gap exists concerning the pharmacodynamics of induction doses. OBJECTIVE To determine the median effective anesthetic induction dose of propofol and thiopental in neonatal patients of different gestational and postnatal ages and evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the anesthesia induction doses on the neonatal systemic and cerebral hemodynamics. METHODS This is a single-center, prospective, open-label, interventional, dose-finding study, including neonatal patients from birth up to 28 postnatal days undergoing general anesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures. The patients will be stratified according to their gestational and postnatal age and allocated to one of the two trial arms: anesthesia induction with propofol or anesthesia induction with thiopental. We will use Dixon's up-and-down method to estimate the median effective anesthesia induction dose of both agents in neonates of different gestational and postnatal ages. In addition, we will study the relationship between anesthesia induction doses and changes in systemic and cerebral hemodynamics. DISCUSSION Alterations in the systemic and cerebral regional hemodynamics secondary to anesthesia induction may be harmful in neonates, especially premature and critically ill newborns, due to their immature organ systems, reduced physiological reserves, and impaired cerebral autoregulation. Perfusion homeostasis is considered one of the significant and modifiable determinants of anesthesia-related neurocognitive outcomes. Therefore, dose-finding and safety pharmacological studies of the anesthetic induction agents in neonates are urgently needed and acknowledged as a high priority by the European Medicine Agency. Estimating adequate induction doses to ensure optimal depth of anesthesia while avoiding systemic and cerebral hemodynamic disturbances will help ensure safe anesthesia and potentially improve anesthesia-related outcomes in this group of patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION EudraCT (EudraCT Identifier: 2019-001534-34), 05.07.2022.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kristian Nørholm Jensen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tom Giedsing Hansen
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, Norway, and Oslo University, Oslo, Norway
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166
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Lin ML, Yang MY, Dong ML. Evaluation of Antituberculosis Activity and in Silico Properties of Oxymethylene-cyclo-1,3-diones. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300779. [PMID: 37306664 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a leading infectious disease that has infected one-third of the world's population and is more prevalent among people belonging to developing countries such as India and China. In the present study, a series of substituted oxymethylene-cyclo-1,3-diones was synthesized and screened for anti-tuberculosis activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv (M. tuberculosis). The compounds were synthesized by condensation of 1,3-cyclicdione, substituted phenols/ alcohols and triethyl orthoformate. The synthesized compounds were screened for anti-tuberculosis activity against M.tuberculosis H37Rv using Middlebrook 7H9 broth assay. Results demonstrated that among the synthesized library of molecules, two compounds 2-(2-hydroxyphenoxymethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and 5,5-dimethyl-2-(2-trifluoromethylphenoxymethylene)cyclohexane-1,3-dione were found to be most active against M. tuberculosis (MICs of 1.25 μg/mL-1 ). The MICs of 2-(2,4-difluoro-phenoxymethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione and 2-(2-bromophenoxymethylene)-5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione were found to be 5 and 10 μg mL-1 , respectively. Data from the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay showed that all the four most active compounds did not exhibit cytotoxicity against human cell lines. Molecular docking studies revealed that the most active compound targets mycobacterial InhA enzyme. In summary, the present study demonstrates the methodology for the synthesis of oxymethylene-cyclo-1,3-diones and identified two potential anti-tuberculosis compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mmed Lianjun Lin
- School of Health, Shaanxi Fashion Engineering University, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Mmed Yanping Yang
- School of Health, Shaanxi Fashion Engineering University, Xi'an, 712046, China
| | - Mmed Linjuan Dong
- School of Health, Shaanxi Fashion Engineering University, Xi'an, 712046, China
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167
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Papsdorf M, Pankiewicz R. New Hydrophilic Derivatives of Lasalocid and Their Complexes with Selected Metal Cations. Molecules 2023; 28:5114. [PMID: 37446774 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Two new esters of lasalocid, that are more hydrophilic, with glucose (LasGlu) and xylitol (LasX), have been synthesized, and their complexation of monovalent cations has been studied by various spectrometric and spectroscopic methods, such as ESI mass spectrometry, 1H, 13C NMR and FT-IR. Analyses of the results confirmed the synthesis of new esters with good yields. In order to carry out further studies, it was necessary to purify them using "flash" liquid chromatography. It was confirmed that the newly obtained molecules, as well as their complexes with lithium, sodium and potassium cations, were stabilized by a strong system of intramolecular hydrogen bonds. It was found that the hydroxyl groups of esters derived from xylitol and glucose were also involved in the complexation of cations. The results of the PM6 semiempirical calculations permitted determination of the heat of formation (HOF), and visualization of the structure of the new esters and their complexes with the cations studied. All computation results are in agreement with the spectroscopic data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Papsdorf
- Department of Enviromental Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Radosław Pankiewicz
- Department of Enviromental Physicochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
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168
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Burdanova MG, Tsapenko AP, Ahmad S, Kauppinen EI, Lloyd-Hughes J. Ultrafast THz spectroscopy of carbon nanotube-graphene composites. Nanotechnology 2023. [PMID: 37369189 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ace1f6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-nanomaterial composites can combine the excellent properties of well-known low-dimensional nanomaterials. Here we highlight the potential of one-dimensional single-walled carbon nanotubes interfaced with two-dimensional graphene by exploring the composite's ac conductivity and photoconductivity, and the influence of HAuCl4doping. In the composite, the equilibrium terahertz conductivity from free carrier motion was boosted, while the localised plasmon peak shifted towards higher frequencies, which we attribute to shorter conductivity pathways in the composite. A negative terahertz photoconductivity was observed for all samples under 410nm optical excitation and was reproduced by a simple model, where the Drude spectral weight and the momentum scattering rate were both lowered under photoexcitation. The composite had an enhanced modulation depth in comparison to reference carbon nanotube films, while retaining their characteristically fast (picosecond) response time. The results show that CNT-graphene composites offer new opportunities in devices by controlling charge carrier transport and tuning their optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria G Burdanova
- Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, West Midlands, CV4 7AL, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
| | - Alexey P Tsapenko
- Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, Aalto, 00076, FINLAND
| | - Saeed Ahmad
- Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, Aalto, 00076, FINLAND
| | - Esko I Kauppinen
- Applied Physics, Aalto University, Puumiehenkuja 2, Aalto, 00076, FINLAND
| | - James Lloyd-Hughes
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, West Midlands, CV4 7AL, UNITED KINGDOM OF GREAT BRITAIN AND NORTHERN IRELAND
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169
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Friedrich S, Sieber C, Drobot B, Tsushima S, Barkleit A, Schmeide K, Stumpf T, Kretzschmar J. Eu(III) and Cm(III) Complexation by the Aminocarboxylates NTA, EDTA, and EGTA Studied with NMR, TRLFS, and ITC-An Improved Approach to More Robust Thermodynamics. Molecules 2023; 28:4881. [PMID: 37375436 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The complex formation of Eu(III) and Cm(III) was studied via tetradentate, hexadentate, and octadentate coordinating ligands of the aminopolycarboxylate family, viz., nitrilotriacetate (NTA3-), ethylenediaminetetraacetate (EDTA4-), and ethylene glycol-bis(2-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetate (EGTA4-), respectively. Based on the complexones' pKa values obtained from 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopic pH titration, complex formation constants were determined by means of the parallel-factor-analysis-assisted evaluation of Eu(III) and Cm(III) time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (TRLFS). This was complemented by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), providing the enthalpy and entropy of the complex formation. This allowed us to obtain genuine species along with their molecular structures and corresponding reliable thermodynamic data. The three investigated complexones formed 1:1 complexes with both Eu(III) and Cm(III). Besides the established Eu(III)-NTA 1:1 and 1:2 complexes, we observed, for the first time, the existence of a Eu(III)-NTA 2:2 complex of millimolar metal and ligand concentrations. Demonstrated for thermodynamic studies on Eu(III) and Cm(III) interaction with complexones, the utilized approach is commonly applicable to many other metal-ligand systems, even to high-affinity ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Friedrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Claudia Sieber
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Björn Drobot
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Satoru Tsushima
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
- International Research Frontiers Initiative, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Astrid Barkleit
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Katja Schmeide
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stumpf
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Jerome Kretzschmar
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Resource Ecology, 01328 Dresden, Germany
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170
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Allahyari M, Motavalizadeh-Kakhky AR, Mehrzad J, Zhiani R, Chamani J. Cellulose nanocrystals derived from chicory plant: an un-competitive inhibitor of aromatase in breast cancer cells via PI3K/AKT/mTOP signalling pathway. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 37340682 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2226751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
A significant contributing factor in the development of breast cancer is the estrogens. The synthesis of estrogens is primarily facilitated by aromatase (CYP19), a cytochrome P450 enzyme. Notably, aromatase is expressed at a higher level in human breast cancer tissue compared with the normal breast tissue. Therefore, inhibiting aromatase activity is a potential strategy in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer treatment. In this study, Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) were obtained from Chicory plant waste through a sulfuric acid hydrolysis method with the objective of investigating that whether the obtained CNCs could act as an inhibitor of aromatase enzyme, and prevent the conversion of androgens to estrogens. Structural analysis of CNCs was carried out using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), while morphological results were obtained using AFM, TEM, and FE-SEM. Furthermore, the nano-particles were found to be spherical in shape with a diameter range of 35-37 nm and displayed a reasonable negative surface charge. Stable transfection of MCF-7 cells with CYP19 has demonstrated the ability of CNCs to inhibit aromatase activities and prevent cell growth by interfering with the enzyme activities. Spectroscopic results revealed the binding constant of CYP19-CNCs and (CYP19-Androstenedione)-CNCs complexes to be 2.07 × 103 L/gr and 2.06 × 104 L/gr, respectively. Conductometry and CD data reported different interaction behaviors among CYP19 and CYP19-Androstenedione complexes at the presence of CNCs in the system. Moreover, the addition of CNCs to the solution in a successive manner resulted in the enhancement of the secondary structure of the CYP19-androstenedione complex. Additionally, CNCs showed a marked reduction in the viability of cancer cells compared to normal cells by enhancing the expression of Bax and p53 at protein and mRNA levels, and by decreasing mRNA levels of PI3K, AKT, and mTOP, as well as protein levels of PI3Kg-P110 and P-mTOP, in MCF-7 cells after incubation with CNCs at IC50 concentration. These findings confirm the decrease in proliferation of breast cancer cells associated with induction of apoptosis through down-regulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOP signaling pathway. According to the provided data, the obtained CNCs are capable of inhibiting aromatase enzyme activity, which has significant implications for the treatment of cancer.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manizheh Allahyari
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Ali Reza Motavalizadeh-Kakhky
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
- New Material Technology and Processing Research Center, Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Jamshid Mehrzad
- Department of Biochemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Rahele Zhiani
- Department of Chemistry, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
- Advance Research Center of Chemistry Biochemistry& Nanomaterial, Neyshabur Branch, Islamic Azad University, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Jamshidkhan Chamani
- Department of Biology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
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171
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You B, Iwasa R, Chen PL, Hung TY, Huang CF, Yu CP, Lee HY. Specularly-Reflected Wave Guidance of Terahertz Plasmonic Metamaterial Based on the Metal-Wire-Woven Hole Arrays: Functional Design and Application of Transmission Spectral Dips. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:4463. [PMID: 37374646 DOI: 10.3390/ma16124463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) plasmonic metamaterial, based on a metal-wire-woven hole array (MWW-HA), is investigated for the distinct power depletion in the transmittance spectrum of 0.1-2 THz, including the reflected waves from metal holes and woven metal wires. Woven metal wires have four orders of power depletion, which perform sharp dips in a transmittance spectrum. However, only the first-order dip at the metal-hole-reflection band dominates specular reflection with a phase retardation of approximately π. The optical path length and metal surface conductivity are modified to study MWW-HA specular reflection. This experimental modification shows that the first order of MWW-HA power depletion is sustainable and sensitively correlated with a bending angle of the woven metal wire. Specularly reflected THz waves are successfully presented in hollow-core pipe wave guidance specified from MWW-HA pipe wall reflectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borwen You
- Department of Physics, National Changhua University of Education, No. 1 Jinde Road, Changhua 500207, Taiwan
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Ryuji Iwasa
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tennodai 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8573, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Po-Lun Chen
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Tun-Yao Hung
- Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Road, South District, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Ping Yu
- Department of Photonics, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ying Lee
- Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 University Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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172
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Hildebrandt P. Vibrational Spectroscopy of Phytochromes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1007. [PMID: 37371587 DOI: 10.3390/biom13061007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Phytochromes are biological photoswitches that translate light into physiological functions. Spectroscopic techniques are essential tools for molecular research into these photoreceptors. This review is directed at summarizing how resonance Raman and IR spectroscopy contributed to an understanding of the structure, dynamics, and reaction mechanism of phytochromes, outlining the substantial experimental and theoretical challenges and describing the strategies to master them. It is shown that the potential of the various vibrational spectroscopic techniques can be most efficiently exploited using integral approaches via a combination of theoretical methods as well as other experimental techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hildebrandt
- Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, Sekr. PC 14, Straße des 17. Juni 135, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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173
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Dar AA, Abrol V, Singh N, Gashash EA, Dar SA. Recent bioanalytical methods for the isolation of bioactive natural products from genus Codonopsis. Phytochem Anal 2023. [PMID: 37316180 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chromatography and spectroscopy are nowadays well-validated techniques allowing to isolate and purify different class of natural products from the genus Codonopsis. Several categories of phytochemicals with drug like properties have been selectively extracted, isolated, characterised by this methodology. OBJECTIVES The present review aims to provide up-to-date and comprehensive information on the chromatography, phytochemistry and pharmacology of natural products of Codonopsis with an emphasis on the search for natural products having various biological activities and the semi-synthetic derivatives of bioactive ones and to highlight current gaps in knowledge. MATERIALS AND METHODS A literature search was performed in the SciFinder Scholar, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus databases. RESULTS During the period covered in this review, several classes of compounds have been reported from genus Codonopsis. Codonopsis pilosula and Codonopsis lanceolata are the most popular in the genus especially as per phytochemical and bioactive studies. Phytochemical investigation demonstrates that Codonopsis species contain mainly xanthones, flavonoids, alkaloids, polyacetylenes, phenylpropanoids, triterpenoids and polysaccharides, which contribute to numerous bioactivities. The major bioactive compounds isolated were used for semi-synthetic modification to increase the chance to discover lead compound. CONCLUSIONS It can be concluded that genus Codonopsis has been used as traditional medicines and food materials around the world over years due to chemical constituents with diverse structural types, exhibiting extensive pharmacological activities in immune system, blood system, cardiovascular system, central nervous system, digestive system, and so forth, with almost no obvious toxicity and side effect. Therefore, Codonopsis can be used as a promising ethnopharmacological plant source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alamgir A Dar
- Research Centre for Residue and Quality Analysis, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar Campus, Srinagar, India
| | - Vidushi Abrol
- Fermentation and Microbial Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Nasseb Singh
- Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Shri Mata Vaishno Devi University, Katra, India
| | - Ebtesam A Gashash
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science in Balijurashi, Al-Baha University, Baha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Showket A Dar
- Division of Social and Basic Science, Faculty of Forestry, Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir, Ganderbal, India
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Andrade PHM, Ahouari H, Volkringer C, Loiseau T, Vezin H, Hureau M, Moissette A. Electron-Donor Functional Groups, Band Gap Tailoring, and Efficient Charge Separation: Three Keys To Improve the Gaseous Iodine Uptake in MOF Materials. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37315191 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c04955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been largely investigated worldwide for their use in the capture of radioactive iodine due to its potential release during nuclear accident events and reprocessing of nuclear fuel. The present work deals with the capture of gaseous I2 under a continuous flow and its subsequent transformation into I3- within the porous structures of three distinct, yet structurally related, terephthalate-based MOFs: MIL-125(Ti), MIL-125(Ti)_NH2, and CAU-1(Al)_NH2. The synthesized materials exhibited specific surface areas (SSAs) with similar order of magnitude: 1207, 1099, and 1110 m2 g-1 for MIL-125(Ti), MIL-125(Ti)_NH2, and CAU-1(Al)_NH2, respectively. Because of that, it was possible to evaluate the influence of other variables over the iodine uptake capacity─such as band gap energies, functional groups, and charge transfer complexes (CTC). After 72 h of contact with the I2 gas flow, MIL-125(Ti)_NH2 was able to trap 11.0 mol mol-1 of I2, followed by MIL-125(Ti) (8.7 mol mol-1), and by CAU-1(Al)_NH2 (4.2 mol mol-1). The enhanced ability to retain I2 in the MIL-125(Ti)_NH2 was associated with a combined effect between its amino group (which has a great affinity toward iodine), its smaller band gap (2.5 eV against 2.6 and 3.8 eV for CAU-1(Al)_NH2 and MIL-125(Ti), respectively), and its efficient charge separation. In fact, the presence of a linker-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) mechanism in MIL-125(Ti) compounds separates the photogenerated electrons and holes into the two distinct moieties of the MOF: the organic linker (which stabilizes the holes) and the oxy/hydroxy inorganic cluster (which stabilizes the electrons). This effect was observed using EPR spectroscopy, whereas the reduction of the Ti4+ cations into the paramagnetic Ti3+ species was evidenced after irradiation of the pristine Ti-based MOFs with UV light (<420 nm). In contrast, because CAU-1(Al)_NH2 exhibits a purely linker-based transition (LBT)─with no EPR signals related to Al paramagnetic species─it tends to exhibit faster recombination of the photogenerated charge carriers as, in this case, both electrons and holes are located over the organic linker. Furthermore, the transformation of the gaseous I2 into In- [n = 5, 7, 9, ...] intermediates and then into I3- species was evaluated using Raman spectroscopy by following the evolution of their respective bands at about 198, 180, and 113 cm-1. This conversion─which is favored by an effective charge separation and smaller band gaps─increases the I2 uptake capacity of the compounds by creating specific adsorption sites for these anionic species. In fact, because the -NH2 groups act as an antenna to stabilize the photogenerated holes, both In- and I3- are adsorbed into the organic linker via an electrostatic interaction with these positively charged entities. Finally, changes regarding the EPR spectra before and after the iodine loading were considered to propose a mechanism for the electron transfer from the MOFs structure to the I2 molecules considering their different characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro H M Andrade
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement (LASIRE), Université de Lille─Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Hania Ahouari
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement (LASIRE), Université de Lille─Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christophe Volkringer
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Thierry Loiseau
- Unité de Catalyse et Chimie du Solide (UCCS), Univ. Lille, CNRS, Centrale Lille, Univ. Artois, UMR 8181, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Hervé Vezin
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement (LASIRE), Université de Lille─Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Matthieu Hureau
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement (LASIRE), Université de Lille─Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Alain Moissette
- Laboratoire de Spectroscopie pour les Interactions, la Réactivité et l'Environnement (LASIRE), Université de Lille─Sciences et Technologies, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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175
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Ciaccheri L, Adinolfi B, Mencaglia AA, Mignani AG. Smartphone-Enabled Colorimetry. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5559. [PMID: 37420724 DOI: 10.3390/s23125559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
A smartphone is used as a colorimeter. The performance characterization for colorimetry is presented using both the built-in camera and a clip-on dispersive grating. Certified colorimetric samples provided by Labsphere® are considered as test samples. Color measurements directly performed utilizing the smartphone camera only are obtained using the RGB Detector app, downloaded from the Google Play Store. More precise measurements are achieved using the commercially available GoSpectro grating and related app. In both cases, to quantify the reliability and sensitivity of smartphone-based color measurements, the CIELab color difference ΔE between the certified and smartphone-measured colors is calculated and is reported in this paper. In addition, as an example of a practical application of interest for the textile industry, several samples of cloth fabrics with a palette of the most common colors are measured, and the comparison with the certified color values is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Ciaccheri
- CNR-Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Barbara Adinolfi
- CNR-Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | | | - Anna Grazia Mignani
- CNR-Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara", 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
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176
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Picchiotti A, Precek M, Zymaková A, Erichlandwehr T, Liu Y, Wiste T, Kahan P, Fernandez-Cuesta I, Andreasson J. Engraving of stainless-steel wires to improve optical quality of closed-loop wire-guided flow jet systems for optical and X-ray spectroscopy. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1079029. [PMID: 37388247 PMCID: PMC10300417 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1079029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper describes performance enhancement developments to a closed-loop pump-driven wire-guided flow jet (WGJ) for ultrafast X-ray spectroscopy of liquid samples. Achievements include dramatically improved sample surface quality and reduced equipment footprint from 7 × 20 cm2 to 6 × 6 cm2, cost, and manufacturing time. Qualitative and quantitative measurements show that micro-scale wire surface modification yields significant improvements to the topography of the sample liquid surface. By manipulating their wettability, it is possible to better control the liquid sheet thickness and to obtain a smooth liquid sample surface, as demonstrated in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Picchiotti
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Martin Precek
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
| | - Anna Zymaková
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
| | - Tim Erichlandwehr
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yingliang Liu
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
- Institute of Biotechnology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czechia
| | - Tuomas Wiste
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
| | - Petr Kahan
- Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Irene Fernandez-Cuesta
- The Hamburg Centre for Ultrafast Imaging, Hamburg, Germany
- Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jakob Andreasson
- ELI Beamlines Facility, The Extreme Light Infrastructure ERIC, Dolni Brezany, Czechia
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177
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Shakirova OG, Os'kina IA, Korotaev EV, Petrov SA, Kuratieva NV, Tikhonov AY, Lavrenova LG. Spin Crossover and Thermochromism in Iron(II) Complexes with 2,6-Bis(1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methoxypyridine. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9853. [PMID: 37373001 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
New iron(II) complexes with 2,6-bis(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methoxypyridine (L) of the composition [FeL2]An∙mH2O (A = SO42-, n = 1, m = 2 (I); A = ReO4-, n = 2, m = 1 (II); A = Br-, n = 2, m = 2 (III)) have been synthesized and investigated. To determine the coordination ability of the ligand, a single crystal of a copper(II) complex of the composition [CuLCl2] (IV) was obtained and studied by X-ray technique. Compounds I-III were studied using methods of X-ray phase analysis, electron (diffuse reflection spectra), infrared and Mössbauer spectroscopy, static magnetic susceptibility. The study of the µeff(T) dependence showed that the 1A1 ↔ 5T2 spin crossover manifests itself in the compounds. The spin crossover is accompanied by thermochromism: there is a distinct color change orange ↔ red-violet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga G Shakirova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Faculty of Machinery and Chemical Technologies, Federal State Budget Institution of Higher Education, Komsomolsk-na-Amure State University, 681013 Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Russia
| | - Irina A Os'kina
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgeniy V Korotaev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey A Petrov
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630128 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Natalia V Kuratieva
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexsei Ya Tikhonov
- N.N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Lyudmila G Lavrenova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
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178
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Mitu SA, Ahmed K, Bui FM, Chen L, Smirani LK, Patel SK, Sorathiya V. Au-TiO 2-Coated Spectroscopy-Based Human Teeth Disorder Detection Sensor: Design and Quantitative Analysis. Micromachines (Basel) 2023; 14:1191. [PMID: 37374776 DOI: 10.3390/mi14061191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Human tooth functionality is the most important for the human body to become fit and healthy. Due to the disease attacks in human teeth, parts may lead to different fatal diseases. A spectroscopy-based photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor was simulated and numerically analyzed for the detection of dental disorders in the human body. In this sensor structure, SF11 is used as the base material, gold (Au) is used as the plasmonic material, and TiO2 is used within the gold and sensing analyte layer, and the sensing medium for the analysis of the teeth parts is the aqueous solution. The maximum optical parameter values for the human tooth parts enamel, dentine, and cementum in terms of wavelength sensitivity and confinement loss were obtained as 28,948.69 nm/RIU and 0.00015 dB/m for enamel, 33,684.99 nm/RIU and 0.00028 dB/m, and 38,396.56 nm/RIU and 0.00087 dB/m, respectively. The sensor is more precisely defined by these high responses. The PCF-based sensor for tooth disorder detection is a relatively recent development. Due to its design flexibility, robustness, and wide bandwidth, its application area has been spreading out. The offered sensor can be used in the biological sensing area to identify problems with human teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumaiya Akhtar Mitu
- Department of Information Technology, University of Information Technology & Sciences (UITS), Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
- Group of Biophotomatiχ, Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Kawsar Ahmed
- Group of Biophotomatiχ, Department of Information and Communication Technology (ICT), Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University (MBSTU), Tangail 1902, Bangladesh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Francis M Bui
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5A9, Canada
| | - Lassaad K Smirani
- The Deanship of Information Technology and E-learning, Umm Al-Qura University, Mecca 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shobhit K Patel
- Computer Engineering Department, Marwadi University, Rajkot 360003, India
| | - Vishal Sorathiya
- Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Parul Institute of Engineering and Technology, Parul University, Vadodara 391760, India
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179
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Thompson CJ, Gallagher NB, Hughey KD, Dunlap MK, Myers TL, Johnson TJ. An Interactive Spectral Analysis Tool for Chemical Identification and Quantification of Gas-Phase Species in Complex Spectra. Appl Spectrosc 2023; 77:557-568. [PMID: 37097834 DOI: 10.1177/00037028231169304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A spectral analysis tool has been developed to interactively identify and quantify individual gas-phase species from complex infrared absorbance spectra obtained from laboratory or field data. The SpecQuant program has an intuitive graphical interface that accommodates both reference and experimental data with varying resolution and instrumental lineshape, as well as algorithms to readily align the wavenumber axis of a sample spectrum with the raster of a reference spectrum. Using a classical least squares model in conjunction with reference spectra such as those from the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) gas-phase infrared database or simulated spectra derived from the HITRAN line-by-line database, the mixing ratio of each identified species is determined along with its associated estimation error. After correcting the wavelength and intensity of the field data, SpecQuant displays the calculated mixing ratio versus the experimental data for each analyte along with the residual spectrum with any or all analyte fits subtracted for visual inspection of the fit and residuals. The software performance for multianalyte quantification was demonstrated using moderate resolution (0.5 cm-1) infrared spectra that were collected during the time-resolved infrared photolysis of methyl iodide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kendall D Hughey
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Megan K Dunlap
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Tanya L Myers
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
| | - Timothy J Johnson
- Chemical Physics and Analysis, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, USA
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180
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Juntunen C, Abramczyk AR, Shea P, Sung Y. Spectroscopic Microtomography in the Short-Wave Infrared Wavelength Range. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23115164. [PMID: 37299895 DOI: 10.3390/s23115164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic microtomography provides the ability to perform 4D (3D structural and 1D chemical) imaging of a thick microscopic specimen. Here, we demonstrate spectroscopic microtomography in the short-wave infrared (SWIR) wavelength using digital holographic tomography, which captures both the absorption coefficient and refractive index. A broadband laser in tandem with a tunable optical filter allows us to scan the wavelength from 1100 to 1650 nm. Using the developed system, we measure human hair and sea urchin embryo samples. The resolution estimated with gold nanoparticles is 1.51 μm (transverse) and 1.57 μm (axial) for the field of view of 307 × 246 μm2. The developed technique will enable accurate and efficient analyses of microscopic specimens that have a distinctive absorption or refractive index contrast in the SWIR range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cory Juntunen
- College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Andrew R Abramczyk
- College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Peter Shea
- College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
| | - Yongjin Sung
- College of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3200 N Cramer St., Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA
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181
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Smeesters L, Kuntzel T, Thienpont H, Guilbert L. Handheld Fluorescence Spectrometer Enabling Sensitive Aflatoxin Detection in Maize. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:361. [PMID: 37368662 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins are among the main carcinogens threatening food and feed safety while imposing major detection challenges to the agrifood industry. Today, aflatoxins are typically detected using destructive and sample-based chemical analysis that are not optimally suited to sense their local presence in the food chain. Therefore, we pursued the development of a non-destructive optical sensing technique based on fluorescence spectroscopy. We present a novel compact fluorescence sensing unit, comprising both ultraviolet excitation and fluorescence detection in a single handheld device. First, the sensing unit was benchmarked against a validated research-grade fluorescence setup and demonstrated high sensitivity by spectrally separating contaminated maize powder samples with aflatoxin concentrations of 6.6 µg/kg and 11.6 µg/kg. Next, we successfully classified a batch of naturally contaminated maize kernels within three subsamples showing a total aflatoxin concentration of 0 µg/kg, 0.6 µg/kg and 1647.8 µg/kg. Consequently, our novel sensing methodology presents good sensitivity and high potential for integration along the food chain, paving the way toward improved food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lien Smeesters
- Department of Applied Physics and Photonics, Brussels Photonics (B-PHOT), Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Flanders Make, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Thomas Kuntzel
- GoyaLab, Institut d'Optique d'Aquitaine, Rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
| | - Hugo Thienpont
- Department of Applied Physics and Photonics, Brussels Photonics (B-PHOT), Vrije Universiteit Brussel and Flanders Make, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ludovic Guilbert
- GoyaLab, Institut d'Optique d'Aquitaine, Rue François Mitterrand, 33400 Talence, France
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182
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Pelucelli A, Peana M, Orzeł B, Piasta K, Gumienna-Kontecka E, Medici S, Zoroddu MA. Zn 2+ and Cu 2+ Interaction with the Recognition Interface of ACE2 for SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119202. [PMID: 37298154 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The spike protein (S) of SARS-CoV-2 is able to bind to the human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor with a much higher affinity compared to other coronaviruses. The binding interface between the ACE2 receptor and the spike protein plays a critical role in the entry mechanism of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. There are specific amino acids involved in the interaction between the S protein and the ACE2 receptor. This specificity is critical for the virus to establish a systemic infection and cause COVID-19 disease. In the ACE2 receptor, the largest number of amino acids playing a crucial role in the mechanism of interaction and recognition with the S protein is located in the C-terminal part, which represents the main binding region between ACE2 and S. This fragment is abundant in coordination residues such as aspartates, glutamates, and histidine that could be targeted by metal ions. Zn2+ ions bind to the ACE2 receptor in its catalytic site and modulate its activity, but it could also contribute to the structural stability of the entire protein. The ability of the human ACE2 receptor to coordinate metal ions, such as Zn2+, in the same region where it binds to the S protein could have a crucial impact on the mechanism of recognition and interaction of ACE2-S, with consequences on their binding affinity that deserve to be investigated. To test this possibility, this study aims to characterize the coordination ability of Zn2+, and also Cu2+ for comparison, with selected peptide models of the ACE2 binding interface using spectroscopic and potentiometric techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Pelucelli
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Peana
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Bartosz Orzeł
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Piasta
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wroclaw, 50-383 Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Serenella Medici
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Zoroddu
- Department of Chemical, Physical, Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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183
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Dharmawan A, Masithoh RE, Amanah HZ. Development of PCA-MLP Model Based on Visible and Shortwave Near Infrared Spectroscopy for Authenticating Arabica Coffee Origins. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112112. [PMID: 37297358 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Arabica coffee, one of Indonesia's economically important coffee commodities, is commonly subject to fraud due to mislabeling and adulteration. In many studies, spectroscopic techniques combined with chemometric methods have been massively employed in classification issues, such as principal component analysis (PCA) and discriminant analyses, compared to machine learning models. In this study, spectroscopy combined with PCA and a machine learning algorithm (artificial neural network, ANN) were developed to verify the authenticity of Arabica coffee collected from four geographical origins in Indonesia, including Temanggung, Toraja, Gayo, and Kintamani. Spectra from pure green coffee were collected from Vis-NIR and SWNIR spectrometers. Several preprocessing techniques were also applied to attain precise information from spectroscopic data. First, PCA compressed spectroscopic information and generated new variables called PCs scores, which would become inputs for the ANN model. The discrimination of Arabica coffee from different origins was conducted with a multilayer perceptron (MLP)-based ANN model. The accuracy attained ranged from 90% to 100% in the internal cross-validation, training, and testing sets. The error in the classification process did not exceed 10%. The generalization ability of the MLP combined with PCA was superior, suitable, and successful for verifying the origin of Arabica coffee.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agus Dharmawan
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rudiati Evi Masithoh
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Hanim Zuhrotul Amanah
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
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184
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Batool M, Afzal Z, Saleem Khan I, Solangi AR. Exploring the Mechanism of Anionic Chemosensing by Imidazoles: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-9. [PMID: 37216276 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2210680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Chemosensing of ions has gained considerable attention by chemists. Insight into the mechanism involved between sensors and ions always fascinates researchers to develop economical, sensitive, selective, and robust sensors. This review comprehensively explores the mechanism of interaction between Imidazole sensors and anions. With most of the research concentrating only on fluoride and cyanide, this review has highlighted a large gap in various anions detection including SCN-, Cr2O72-, CrO42-, H2PO4-, NO2-, and HSO4-.This study also includes a critical analysis of different mechanisms and their respective limits of detection, with a discussion of the reported results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeeha Batool
- Centre for Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zartashia Afzal
- Centre for Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Iqra Saleem Khan
- Centre for Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab, New Campus, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Amber Rehana Solangi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
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185
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Tchaikovskaya O, Bocharnikova E, Bazyl O, Chaidonova V, Mayer G, Avramov P. Nature of Luminescence and Pharmacological Activity of Sulfaguanidine. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104159. [PMID: 37241901 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfonamides are one of the oldest groups of veterinary chemotherapeutic agents. Physico-chemical properties, the concentration and the nature of the environment are the factors responsible for the distribution of sulfonamides in the living organism. Although these drug compounds have been in use for more than half a century, knowledge about their behavior is still limited. Physiological activity is currently attributed to the sulfanyl radical. Our study is devoted to the spectral properties of aqueous solutions of sulfaguanidine, in which the formation of complexes with an H-bond and a protonated form takes place. The nature of the fluorescent state of sulfaguanidine was interpreted using computational chemistry, the electronic absorption method and the luminescence method. The structure of sulfaguanidine includes several active fragments: aniline, sulfonic and guanidine. To reveal the role of fragments in the physiological activity of the studied antibiotic, we calculated and compared the effective charges of the fragments of aniline and sulfaguanidine molecules. Chromophore groups were identified in molecules, which determine the intermolecular interaction between a molecule and a proton-donor solvent. The study also revealed the impact of sulfone and guanidine groups, as well as complexation, on the effective charge of the antibiotic fragment responsible for physiological activity and luminescent ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Tchaikovskaya
- Quantum Electronics Laboratory, Institute of Electrophysics, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 620146 Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Photophysics and Photochemistry of Molecules, Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Elena Bocharnikova
- Laboratory of Photophysics and Photochemistry of Molecules, Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Olga Bazyl
- Laboratory of Photophysics and Photochemistry of Molecules, Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Vlada Chaidonova
- Laboratory of Photophysics and Photochemistry of Molecules, Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
- Hygienic and Epidemiological Center in Republic of Khakassia, 655017 Abakan, Russia
| | - George Mayer
- Laboratory of Photophysics and Photochemistry of Molecules, Faculty of Physics, Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Paul Avramov
- Department of Chemistry and Green-Nano Materials Research Center, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
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186
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Barelli M, Vidal C, Fiorito S, Myslovska A, Cielecki D, Aglieri V, Moreels I, Sapienza R, Di Stasio F. Single-Photon Emitting Arrays by Capillary Assembly of Colloidal Semiconductor CdSe/CdS/SiO 2 Nanocrystals. ACS Photonics 2023; 10:1662-1670. [PMID: 37215316 PMCID: PMC10197167 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The controlled placement of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) onto planar surfaces is crucial for scalable fabrication of single-photon emitters on-chip, which are critical elements of optical quantum computing, communication, and encryption. The positioning of colloidal semiconductor NCs such as metal chalcogenides or perovskites is still challenging, as it requires a nonaggressive fabrication process to preserve the optical properties of the NCs. In this work, periodic arrays of 2500 nanoholes are patterned by electron beam lithography in a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) thin film on indium tin oxide/glass substrates. Colloidal core/shell CdSe/CdS NCs, functionalized with a SiO2 capping layer to increase their size and facilitate deposition into 100 nm holes, are trapped with a close to optimal Poisson distribution into the PMMA nanoholes via a capillary assembly method. The resulting arrays of NCs contain hundreds of single-photon emitters each. We believe this work paves the way to an affordable, fast, and practical method for the fabrication of nanodevices, such as single-photon-emitting light-emitting diodes based on colloidal semiconductor NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Barelli
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Cynthia Vidal
- The
Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Sergio Fiorito
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Alina Myslovska
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dimitrie Cielecki
- The
Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Vincenzo Aglieri
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Riccardo Sapienza
- The
Blackett Laboratory, Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Francesco Di Stasio
- Photonic
Nanomaterials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genoa, Italy
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187
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Germond A, Vénien A, Ravel C, Castulovich B, Rouel J, Hutin M, Mezelli S, Lefin S, Mirade PS, Astruc T. The Effects of Postmortem Time on Muscle Trout Biochemical Composition and Structure. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101957. [PMID: 37238775 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Fish industry operators have to process fish that arrive at various postmortem times. Postmortem time constrains processing and impacts product quality, safety, and economic value. The objective identification of biomarkers is desirable to predict the postmortem day of aging and this requires a comprehensive longitudinal characterisation of postmortem aging. We analysed the postmortem aging process in trout over a 15-day window. Quantitative physicochemical measurements (pH, colour, texture, aw, proteolysis, and myofibrillar protein solubility) performed on the same fish over time revealed the levels of protein denaturation, solubility, and pH, among other parameters, change very little when assessed by conventional chemical methods. Histological analyses were performed on thin sections and revealed fibre ruptures after 7 days of storage on ice. Ultrastructures were observed by transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) and revealed that sarcomere disorganisation occurred more often after 7 days of storage. Label-free FTIR micro-spectroscopy combined with a SVM model accurately predicted the postmortem time. Spectra-based PC-DA models also enable the identification of biomarkers corresponding to Day 7 and Day 15 postmortem. This study provides insights on postmortem aging and raises prospects for the rapid assessment of trout's freshness status from label-free imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arno Germond
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Annie Vénien
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | | | - Jacques Rouel
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Morgane Hutin
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Sara Mezelli
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - Sandy Lefin
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | | | - Thierry Astruc
- UR370, QuaPA, INRAE, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
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188
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Ončák M, Siu C, van der Linde C, Kit Tang W, Beyer MK. Thermally Activated vs. Photochemical Hydrogen Evolution Reactions-A Tale of Three Metals. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203590. [PMID: 36729049 PMCID: PMC10962578 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Molecular processes behind hydrogen evolution reactions can be quite complex. In macroscopic electrochemical cells, it is extremely difficult to elucidate and understand their mechanism. Gas phase models, consisting of a metal ion and a small number of water molecules, provide unique opportunities to understand the reaction pathways in great detail. Hydrogen evolution in clusters consisting of a singly charged metal ion and one to on the order of 50 water molecules has been studied extensively for magnesium, aluminum and vanadium. Such clusters with around 10-20 water molecules are known to eliminate atomic or molecular hydrogen upon mild activation by room temperature black-body radiation. Irradiation with ultraviolet light, by contrast, enables hydrogen evolution already with a single water molecule. Here, we analyze and compare the reaction mechanisms for hydrogen evolution on the ground state as well as excited state potential energy surfaces. Five distinct mechanisms for evolution of atomic or molecular hydrogen are identified and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milan Ončák
- Universität InnsbruckInstitut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Chi‐Kit Siu
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon TongHong Kong SARP. R. China
| | - Christian van der Linde
- Universität InnsbruckInstitut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Wai Kit Tang
- Institute of Research Management and Services (IPPP) Research and Innovation Management ComplexUniversity of MalayaKuala Lumpur50603Malaysia
| | - Martin K. Beyer
- Universität InnsbruckInstitut für Ionenphysik und Angewandte PhysikTechnikerstraße 256020InnsbruckAustria
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189
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Yaqoob T, Shaukat S, Alonaizan R, Ullah R, Khan I, Nazar MF, Abd Ur Rahman HM. Solubilization of Reactive Red 2 in the Mixed Micelles of Cetylpyridinium Chloride and TX-114. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093952. [PMID: 37175362 PMCID: PMC10180315 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Owing to their surface active properties, surfactants have numerous applications in different fields of life. In the present research work, the solubilization of reactive red 2 (RR2) has been studied in single and mixed micellar systems (MMS) using UV-visible spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. The interaction of RR2 with ionic micelles of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) was investigated. In order to probe the interaction of RR2 in MMS, mixtures of CPC and TX-114 (Triton X-114, a nonionic surfactant) were used. UV-visible spectroscopy has been used to obtain the degree of solubilization of RR2 in terms of the partition coefficient (Kc) and Gibbs free energy of partitioning (ΔG°p). Electrical conductivity data have been employed to detect the critical micelle concentration (CMC) of the surfactant systems in the presence of RR2 and, accordingly, to calculate the thermodynamic parameters of the micellization. From the obtained data, it is concluded that the micellization is spontaneous at all studied temperatures. Moreover, the micellization was observed to be driven by both enthalpy and entropy. The results also indicated that MMS have better solubilizing power than single micellar solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayyba Yaqoob
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Saadia Shaukat
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University Sialkot, Sialkot 51310, Pakistan
| | - Rasha Alonaizan
- Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ramzan Ullah
- Department of Physics, Rawalpindi Women University, Rawalpindi 46300, Pakistan
| | - Imran Khan
- Acoustophoreticn Single Embryo Characterization Laboratory (ASECL), Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Faizan Nazar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Education Lahore, Multan Campus, Lahore 60700, Pakistan
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190
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Keefer D, Cavaletto SM, Rouxel JR, Garavelli M, Yong H, Mukamel S. Ultrafast X-Ray Probes of Elementary Molecular Events. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2023; 74:73-97. [PMID: 37093660 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-062322-051532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Elementary events that determine photochemical outcomes and molecular functionalities happen on the femtosecond and subfemtosecond timescales. Among the most ubiquitous events are the nonadiabatic dynamics taking place at conical intersections. These facilitate ultrafast, nonradiative transitions between electronic states in molecules that can outcompete slower relaxation mechanisms such as fluorescence. The rise of ultrafast X-ray sources, which provide intense light pulses with ever-shorter durations and larger observation bandwidths, has fundamentally revolutionized our spectroscopic capabilities to detect conical intersections. Recent theoretical studies have demonstrated an entirely new signature emerging once a molecule traverses a conical intersection, giving detailed insights into the coupled nuclear and electronic motions that underlie, facilitate, and ultimately determine the ultrafast molecular dynamics. Following a summary of current sources and experiments, we survey these techniques and provide a unified overview of their capabilities. We discuss their potential to dramatically increase our understanding of ultrafast photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Keefer
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; ,
| | - Stefano M Cavaletto
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; ,
- Current affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jérémy R Rouxel
- Université de Lyon, UJM-Saint-Etienne, IOGS, Laboratoire Hubert Curien, UMR CNRS 5516, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Marco Garavelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale, Università degli Studi di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Haiwang Yong
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; ,
| | - Shaul Mukamel
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of California, Irvine, California, USA; ,
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191
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Kolosov D, Fengou LC, Carstensen JM, Schultz N, Nychas GJ, Mporas I. Microbiological Quality Estimation of Meat Using Deep CNNs on Embedded Hardware Systems. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:s23094233. [PMID: 37177437 PMCID: PMC10181489 DOI: 10.3390/s23094233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopic sensor imaging of food samples meta-processed by deep machine learning models can be used to assess the quality of the sample. This article presents an architecture for estimating microbial populations in meat samples using multispectral imaging and deep convolutional neural networks. The deep learning models operate on embedded platforms and not offline on a separate computer or a cloud server. Different storage conditions of the meat samples were used, and various deep learning models and embedded platforms were evaluated. In addition, the hardware boards were evaluated in terms of latency, throughput, efficiency and value on different data pre-processing and imaging-type setups. The experimental results showed the advantage of the XavierNX platform in terms of latency and throughput and the advantage of Nano and RP4 in terms of efficiency and value, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Kolosov
- School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
| | - Lemonia-Christina Fengou
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George-John Nychas
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology of Foods, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Iosif Mporas
- School of Physics, Engineering and Computer Science, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield AL10 9AB, UK
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192
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Wu D, Hu Y, Cheng H, Ye X. Detection Techniques for Lead Ions in Water: A Review. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083601. [PMID: 37110841 PMCID: PMC10143718 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead pollution has increasingly become the focus of environmental pollution, which is a great harm to the ecological environment and human health. Strict control of the emission of lead pollutants and accurate monitoring of lead are very important. The lead ion detection technologies are introduced here, including spectrophotometry, electrochemical method, atomic absorption spectrometry, and other detection methods, and the methods' applicability, the advantages, and disadvantages are discussed. The detection limits of voltammetry and atomic absorption spectrometry are as low as 0.1 μg/L, and those of atomic absorption spectrometry are as low as 2 μg/L. The detection limit of photometry is higher (0.01 mg/L), but this method can be achieved in most laboratories. The application of different extraction pretreatment technologies in lead ion detection is introduced. The new technologies develop at home and abroad, such as precious metal nanogold technology, paper microfluidic technology, fluorescence molecular probe technology, spectroscopy, and other emerging technologies in recent years, are reviewed, and the principle and application of various technologies are expounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yinglu Hu
- Zhejiang Lohand Environmental Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Huan Cheng
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xingqian Ye
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Integrated Research Base of Southern Fruit and Vegetable Preservation Technology, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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193
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Ye D, Wu L, Li X, Atoba TO, Wu W, Weng H. A Synthetic Review of Various Dimensions of Non-Destructive Plant Stress Phenotyping. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:1698. [PMID: 37111921 PMCID: PMC10146287 DOI: 10.3390/plants12081698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Non-destructive plant stress phenotyping begins with traditional one-dimensional (1D) spectroscopy, followed by two-dimensional (2D) imaging, three-dimensional (3D) or even temporal-three-dimensional (T-3D), spectral-three-dimensional (S-3D), and temporal-spectral-three-dimensional (TS-3D) phenotyping, all of which are aimed at observing subtle changes in plants under stress. However, a comprehensive review that covers all these dimensional types of phenotyping, ordered in a spatial arrangement from 1D to 3D, as well as temporal and spectral dimensions, is lacking. In this review, we look back to the development of data-acquiring techniques for various dimensions of plant stress phenotyping (1D spectroscopy, 2D imaging, 3D phenotyping), as well as their corresponding data-analyzing pipelines (mathematical analysis, machine learning, or deep learning), and look forward to the trends and challenges of high-performance multi-dimension (integrated spatial, temporal, and spectral) phenotyping demands. We hope this article can serve as a reference for implementing various dimensions of non-destructive plant stress phenotyping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dapeng Ye
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Libin Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Xiaobin Li
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Tolulope Opeyemi Atoba
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Wenhao Wu
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Haiyong Weng
- College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Sensing Technology, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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194
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Hepsomali P, Machon S, Barker H, Lythgoe DJ, Hugdahl K, Gudbrandsen M, Allen P. Signatures of exposure to childhood trauma in young adults in the structure and neurochemistry of the superior temporal gyrus. J Psychopharmacol 2023; 37:510-519. [PMID: 37070169 DOI: 10.1177/02698811231168243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma (CT) has been linked to increased risk for mental illness in adulthood. Although work in experimental animals has shown that early life stressors can affect inhibitory and excitatory neurotransmission in adult rodents, with possible excitotoxic effects on local grey matter volumes (GMV), the neurobiological mechanisms that mediate this relationship in humans remain poorly understood. AIM To examine glutamate and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) metabolite concentrations and potential excitotoxic effects on GMV, in adults who experienced CT. METHODS Fifty-six young adults (Mage = 20.41) were assigned to High CT (n = 29) and Low CT (n = 27) groups (by using the CT questionnaire) and underwent magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to measure temporal lobe metabolite concentrations and volumetric imaging to measure GMV. RESULTS Glutamate concentrations did not differ between groups; however, relative to the Low CT group, participants in the High CT group had reduced GABA concentrations in the left superior temporal gyrus (STG) voxel. Furthermore, logistic regression showed that participants with low left STG GABA concentrations and low left STG volumes were significantly more likely to be in the high CT group. CONCLUSIONS This study provides the first evidence that both low GABA concentrations and its interaction with GMV in the left STG are associated with high levels of CT and suggest that altered inhibitory neurotransmission/metabolism may be linked to a lower GMV in the left STG in adults who experienced CT. Future studies are warranted to establish if utilizing these measures can stratify clinical high-risk and predict future clinical outcomes in high CT individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piril Hepsomali
- Department of Psychology, Roehampton University, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, Combined Universities Brain Imaging Centre, University of London, Surrey, UK
| | - Sandra Machon
- Department of Psychology, Roehampton University, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, Combined Universities Brain Imaging Centre, University of London, Surrey, UK
| | - Holly Barker
- Department of Psychology, Roehampton University, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, Combined Universities Brain Imaging Centre, University of London, Surrey, UK
| | - David J Lythgoe
- Department of Neuroimaging, Centre for Neuroimaging Sciences, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, London, UK
| | - Kenneth Hugdahl
- Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
| | | | - Paul Allen
- Department of Psychology, Roehampton University, London, UK
- Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, Combined Universities Brain Imaging Centre, University of London, Surrey, UK
- Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, London, UK
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195
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Tyler A, Ellis J, Lau JYC, Miller JJ, Bottomley PA, Rodgers CT, Tyler DJ, Valkovič L. Compartment-based reconstruction of 3D acquisition-weighted 31 P cardiac magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 7 T: A reproducibility study. NMR Biomed 2023; 36:e4950. [PMID: 37046414 PMCID: PMC10658645 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Even at 7 T, cardiac 31 P magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) is fundamentally limited by low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), leading to long scan times and poor temporal and spatial resolutions. Compartment-based reconstruction algorithms such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy with linear algebraic modeling (SLAM) and spectral localization by imaging (SLIM) may improve SNR or reduce scan time without changes to acquisition. Here, we compare the repeatability and SNR performance of these compartment-based methods, applied to three different acquisition schemes at 7 T. Twelve healthy volunteers were scanned twice. Each scan session consisted of a 6.5-min 3D acquisition-weighted (AW) cardiac 31 P phase encode-based MRSI acquisition and two 6.5-min truncated k-space acquisitions with increased averaging (4 × 4 × 4 central k-space phase encodes and fractional SLAM [fSLAM] optimized k-space phase encodes). Spectra were reconstructed using (i) AW Fourier reconstruction; (ii) AW SLAM; (iii) AW SLIM; (iv) 4 × 4 × 4 SLAM; (v) 4 × 4 × 4 SLIM; and (vi) fSLAM acquisition-reconstruction combinations. The phosphocreatine-to-adenosine triphosphate (PCr/ATP) ratio, the PCr SNR, and spatial response functions were computed, in addition to coefficients of reproducibility and variability. Using the compartment-based reconstruction algorithms with the AW 31 P acquisition resulted in a significant increase in SNR compared with previously published Fourier-based MRSI reconstruction methods while maintaining the measured PCr/ATP ratio and improving interscan reproducibility. The alternative acquisition strategies with truncated k-space performed no better than the common AW approach. Compartment-based spectroscopy approaches provide an attractive reconstruction method for cardiac 31 P spectroscopy at 7 T, improving reproducibility and SNR without the need for a dedicated k-space sampling strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jane Ellis
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Justin Y. C. Lau
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Jack J. Miller
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Physics, Clarendon LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- The MR Research Centre & The PET Research CentreAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Paul A. Bottomley
- The Division of MR ResearchJohns Hopkins MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Christopher T. Rodgers
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Wolfson Brain Imaging CentreUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeUK
| | - Damian J. Tyler
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy & GeneticsUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
| | - Ladislav Valkovič
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), RDM Cardiovascular MedicineUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK
- Department of Imaging Methods, Institute of Measurement ScienceSlovak Academy of SciencesBratislavaSlovakia
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196
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Pan P, Svirskis D, Waterhouse GIN, Wu Z. A simple and reliable isocratic high performance chromatographic assay for the simultaneous determination of hydrophilic benzophenone-4 and lipophilic octocrylene in sunscreens. Int J Cosmet Sci 2023. [PMID: 37038989 DOI: 10.1111/ics.12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aimed to develop a simple HPLC method for the simultaneous quantitative determination of the ultraviolet (UV) filters, hydrophilic benzophenone-4 and lipophilic octocrylene, in the presence of three other commonly used UV filters, avobenzone, octisalate, and homosalate. METHODS Reverse-phased HPLC was performed on a C18 column. A scouting gradient was initially used to determine the approximate mobile phase composition required for efficient analyte elution and separation before further optimization. The assay was validated with regards to specificity, linearity, intra- and inter-day accuracy and precision, limits of detection and limits of quantification. An ultrasound dispersion extraction method for the UV filters from a commercial sunscreen, was developed and the extraction efficiencies from spiked samples were calculated. RESULTS An acetonitrile-methanol-water mixture (20:67:13, v/v/v), where the water component contained 0.2% trifluoroacetic acid (v/v) was found to be the optimal mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The assay was linear between 1.0 - 100 μg/mL for both benzophenone-4 and octocrylene (both correlation coefficients were above 0.999). There was no interference from the excipients of the sunscreen nor from the three other UV filters. The intra- and inter-day accuracy was between 90.0 - 104.6% for both analytes. Extraction recoveries from a spiked commercial sunscreen was between 95.4 ± 2.1% to 98.5 ± 2.1% for benzophenone-4, and between 87.3 ± 2.3% and 98.9 ± 3.1% for octocrylene. All validation parameters were within the acceptance criteria set out in the International Council for Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. The HPLC assay showed the extracted quantities of benzophenone-4 and octocrylene from the commercial sunscreen closely matched claimed quantities. CONCLUSION The developed isocratic HPLC method was suitable for simultaneously determining the hydrophilic benzophenone-4 and lipophilic octocrylene in the presence of other commonly used UV filters. Additionally, the extraction method was simple and effective for accurately quantifying the UV filters in a commercial sunscreen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Pan
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Darren Svirskis
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Geoffrey I N Waterhouse
- School of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Zimei Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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197
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Civiš S, Pastorek A, Ferus M, Yurchenko SN, Boudjema NI. Infrared Spectra of Small Radicals for Exoplanetary Spectroscopy: OH, NH, CN and CH: The State of Current Knowledge. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28083362. [PMID: 37110598 PMCID: PMC10143568 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28083362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, we present a current state-of-the-art review of middle-to-near IR emission spectra of four simple astrophysically relevant molecular radicals-OH, NH, CN and CH. The spectra of these radicals were measured by means of time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy in the 700-7500 cm-1 spectral range and with 0.07-0.02 cm-1 spectral resolution. The radicals were generated in a glow discharge of gaseous mixtures in a specially designed discharge cell. The spectra of short-lived radicals published here are of great importance, especially for the detailed knowledge and study of the composition of exoplanetary atmospheres in selected new planets. Today, with the help of the James Webb telescope and upcoming studies with the help of Plato and Ariel satellites, when the investigated spectral area is extended into the infrared spectral range, it means that detailed knowledge of the infrared spectra of not only stable molecules but also the spectra of short-lived radicals or ions, is indispensable. This paper follows a simple structure. Each radical is described in a separate chapter, starting with historical and actual theoretical background, continued by our experimental results and concluded by spectral line lists with assigned notation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svatopluk Civiš
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 18200 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Pastorek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23529, USA
| | - Martin Ferus
- J. Heyrovsky Institute of Physical Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 2155/3, 18200 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Sergei N Yurchenko
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Noor-Ines Boudjema
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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198
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Zhen Z, Qu C, Fu D. Characterization of the Internal Stress Evolution of an EB-PVD Thermal Barrier Coating during a Long-Term Thermal Cycling. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:2910. [PMID: 37049204 PMCID: PMC10095890 DOI: 10.3390/ma16072910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD) technology is a standard industrial method for the preparation of a thermal barrier coating (TBC) deposition on aeroengines. The internal stress of EB-PVD TBCs, including stress inside the top coating (TC) and thermal oxidation stress during long-term service is one of the key reasons for thermal barrier failures. However, research on the synergistic characterization of the internal stress of EB-PVD TBCs is still lacking. In this work, the stress inside the TC layer and the thermal oxidation stress of EB-PVD TBC during long-term thermal cycles were synergistically detected, combining Cr3+-PLPS and THz-TDS technologies. Based on a self-built THz-TDS system, stress-THz coefficients c1 and c2 of the EB-PVD TBC, which are the core parameters for stress characterization, were calibrated for the first time. According to experimental results, the evolution law of the internal stress of the TC layer was similar to that of the TGO stress, which were interrelated and influenced by each other. In addition, the internal stress of the TC layer was less than that of the TGO stress due to the columnar crystal microstructure of EB-PVD TBCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhen
- BAIMTEC Material Co., Ltd., Beijing 100094, China
| | - Chuan Qu
- Department of Mechanics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Donghui Fu
- Department of Mechanics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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199
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Qureshi MA, Amir M, Khan RH, Musarrat J, Javed S. Glycation reduces the binding dynamics of aflatoxin B 1 to human serum albumin: a comprehensive spectroscopic and computational investigation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14797-14811. [PMID: 37021366 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2194000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a potent mutagen, is synthesized by Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus. Human serum albumin (HSA) is a globular protein with diverse roles. As AFB1 is ingested with food and is transported in the body via blood, it becomes pertinent to comprehend the effect of the binding of this toxin on the structure and conformation of HSA, which may help to get insight into the toxic effect of the exposure of the mycotoxin. In this study, multi-spectroscopic approaches have been used to evaluate the binding efficiency of AFB1 with both the native HSA (nHSA) and the glycated HSA (gHSA). Steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy reveals the static type of fluorescence quenching in the fluorescence emission spectra of nHSA and gHSA in the presence of AFB1. The binding constant (Kb) is calculated to be 6.88 × 104 M-1 for nHSA, while a reduced Kb value of 2.95 × 104 M-1 has been obtained for gHSA. The circular dichroism study confirms the change in the secondary structure of nHSA and gHSA in the presence of AFB1, followed by alterations in the melting temperature (Tm) of nHSA and gHSA. In silico computational findings envisaged the amino acid residues and bonds involved in the binding of nHSA and gHSA with AFB1. The comprehensive study analyzes the binding effectiveness of AFB1 with nHSA and gHSA and shows reduced binding of AFB1 to gHSA.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Aamir Qureshi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Rizwan Hasan Khan
- Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Javed Musarrat
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
| | - Saleem Javed
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
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200
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Havela L, Legut D, Kolorenč J. Hydrogen in actinides: electronic and lattice properties. Rep Prog Phys 2023; 86:056501. [PMID: 36821855 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/acbe50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Hydrides of actinides, their magnetic, electronic, transport, and thermodynamic properties are discussed within a general framework of H impact on bonding, characterized by volume expansion, affecting mainly the 5fstates, and a charge transfer towards H, which influences mostly the 6dand 7sstates. These general mechanisms have diverse impact on individual actinides, depending on the degree of localization of their 5fstates. Hydrogenation of uranium yields UH2and UH3, binary hydrides that are strongly magnetic due to the 5fband narrowing and reduction of the 5f-6dhybridization. Pu hydrides become magnetic as well, mainly as a result of the stabilization of the magnetic 5f5state and elimination of the admixture of the non-magnetic 5f6component.Ab-initiocomputational analyses, which for example suggest that the ferromagnetism ofβ-UH3is rather intricate involving two non-collinear sublattices, are corroborated by spectroscopic studies of sputter-deposited thin films, yielding a clean surface and offering a variability of compositions. It is found that valence-band photoelectron spectra cannot be compared directly with the 5fnground-state density of states. Being affected by electron correlations in the excited final states, they rather reflect the atomic 5fn-1multiplets. Similar tendencies can be identified also in hydrides of binary and ternary intermetallic compounds. H absorption can be used as a tool for fine tuning of electronic structure around a quantum critical point. A new direction is represented by actinide polyhydrides with a potential for high-temperature superconductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladislav Havela
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 3, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Legut
- IT4Innovations, VŠB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Jindřich Kolorenč
- Institute of Physics (FZU), Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2,182 00 Prague, Czech Republic
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