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Dawood RM, Moustafa RI, Abdelhafez TH, El-Shenawy R, El-Abd Y, Bader El Din NG, Dubuisson J, El Awady MK. A multiepitope peptide vaccine against HCV stimulates neutralizing humoral and persistent cellular responses in mice. BMC Infect Dis 2019; 19:932. [PMID: 31690267 PMCID: PMC6833294 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-019-4571-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although DAAs hold promise to significantly reduce rates of chronic HCV infections, its eradication still requires development of an effective vaccine. Prolonged T cell responses and cross neutralizing antibodies are ideal for vaccination against the infection. We aimed to design and synthesize a 6 multi epitope peptide vaccine candidate and provide evidence for production of extended cellular and neutralizing Abs in mice. METHODS Six peptides derived from conserved epitopes in E1, E2 (n = 2),NS4B, NS5A and NS5B were designed, synthesized in a multiple antigenic peptide (MAP) form and administered w/o adjuvant to BALB/c mice as HCVp6-MAP at doses ranging from 800 ng to 16 μg. Humoral responses to structural epitopes were assayed by ELISA at different times after injection. ELISpot assay was used to evaluate IFN ɣ producing CD4+/ CD8+ T- lymphocytes at extended durations i.e. > 20 weeks. Viral neutralization by mice sera was tested for genotypes 2a (JFH1) and a chimeric 2a/4a virus (ED43/JFH1) in HCVcc culture. RESULTS HCVp6-MAP confers potent viral neutralization and specific cellular responses at > 1600 ng/ animal for at least 20 weeks. CONCLUSION We report on a promising anti HCV vaccine for future studies on permissive hosts and in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham M Dawood
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt.
| | - Rehab I Moustafa
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Tawfeek H Abdelhafez
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Reem El-Shenawy
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Yasmine El-Abd
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Noha G Bader El Din
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
| | - Jean Dubuisson
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, Inserm, CHU Lille, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019 - UMR 8204 - CIIL- Centre d'Infection et d'Immunité de Lille, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Mostafa K El Awady
- Micrbial Biotechnology Department, National Research Center, 33 Tahrir street, Dokki, Cairo, 12622, Egypt
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152
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Nyimanu D, Kuc RE, Williams TL, Bednarek M, Ambery P, Jermutus L, Maguire JJ, Davenport AP. Apelin-36-[L28A] and Apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] peptides that improve diet induced obesity are G protein biased ligands at the apelin receptor. Peptides 2019; 121:170139. [PMID: 31472173 PMCID: PMC6838674 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.170139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apelin signalling pathways have important cardiovascular and metabolic functions. Recently, apelin-36-[L28A] and apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)], were reported to function independent of the apelin receptor in vivo to produce beneficial metabolic effects without modulating blood pressure. We aimed to show that these peptides bound to the apelin receptor and to further characterise their pharmacology in vitro at the human apelin receptor. METHODS [Pyr1]apelin-13 saturation binding experiments and competition binding experiments were performed in rat and human heart homogenates using [125I]apelin-13 (0.1 nM), and/or increasing concentrations of apelin-36, apelin-36-[L28A] and apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] (50pM-100μM). Apelin-36 and its analogues apelin-36-[F36A], apelin-36-[L28A], apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)], apelin-36-[A28 A13] and [40kDa-PEG]-apelin-36 were tested in forskolin-induced cAMP inhibition and β-arrestin assays in CHO-K1 cells heterologously expressing the human apelin receptor. Bias signaling was quantified using the operational model for bias. RESULTS In both species, [Pyr1]apelin-13 had comparable subnanomolar affinity and the apelin receptor density was similar. Apelin-36, apelin-36-[L28A] and apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] competed for binding of [125I]apelin-13 with nanomolar affinities. Apelin-36-[L28A] and apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] inhibited forskolin-induced cAMP release, with nanomolar potencies but they were less potent compared to apelin-36 at recruiting β-arrestin. Bias analysis suggested that these peptides were G protein biased. Additionally, [40kDa-PEG]-apelin-36 and apelin-36-[F36A] retained nanomolar potencies in both cAMP and β-arrestin assays whilst apelin-36-[A13 A28] exhibited a similar profile to apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] in the β-arrestin assay but was more potent in the cAMP assay. CONCLUSIONS Apelin-36-[L28A] and apelin-36-[L28C(30kDa-PEG)] are G protein biased ligands of the apelin receptor, suggesting that the apelin receptor is an important therapeutic target in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duuamene Nyimanu
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Rhoda E. Kuc
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Thomas L. Williams
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | - Maria Bednarek
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Philip Ambery
- Late-stage Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lutz Jermutus
- Research and Early Development, Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism (CVRM), BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Janet J. Maguire
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Corresponding authors.
| | - Anthony P. Davenport
- Experimental Medicine and Immunotherapeutics, University of Cambridge, Level 6, Centre for Clinical Investigation, Box 110, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
- Corresponding authors.
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153
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Kubyshkin V, Grage SL, Ulrich AS, Budisa N. Bilayer thickness determines the alignment of model polyproline helices in lipid membranes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22396-22408. [PMID: 31577299 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02996f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Our understanding of protein folds relies fundamentally on the set of secondary structures found in the proteomes. Yet, there also exist intriguing structures and motifs that are underrepresented in natural biopolymeric systems. One example is the polyproline II helix, which is usually considered to have a polar character and therefore does not form membrane spanning sections of membrane proteins. In our work, we have introduced specially designed polyproline II helices into the hydrophobic membrane milieu and used 19F NMR to monitor the helix alignment in oriented lipid bilayers. Our results show that these artificial hydrophobic peptides can adopt several different alignment states. If the helix is shorter than the thickness of the hydrophobic core of the membrane, it is submerged into the bilayer with its long axis parallel to the membrane plane. The polyproline helix adopts a transmembrane alignment when its length exceeds the bilayer thickness. If the peptide length roughly matches the lipid thickness, a coexistence of both states is observed. We thus show that the lipid thickness plays a determining role in the occurrence of a transmembrane polyproline II helix. We also found that the adaptation of polyproline II helices to hydrophobic mismatch is in some notable aspects different from α-helices. Finally, our results prove that the polyproline II helix is a competent structure for the construction of transmembrane peptide segments, despite the fact that no such motif has ever been reported in natural systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kubyshkin
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Str. 10, Berlin 10623, Germany and Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Dysart Rd. 144, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - Stephan L Grage
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O.B. 3640, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
| | - Anne S Ulrich
- Institute of Biological Interfaces (IBG-2), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O.B. 3640, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany and Institute of Organic Chemistry, KIT, Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, Karlsruhe 76131, Germany
| | - Nediljko Budisa
- Institute of Chemistry, Technical University of Berlin, Müller-Breslau-Str. 10, Berlin 10623, Germany and Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Dysart Rd. 144, Winnipeg MB R3T 2N2, Canada.
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154
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Moiola M, Memeo MG, Quadrelli P. Stapled Peptides-A Useful Improvement for Peptide-Based Drugs. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203654. [PMID: 31658723 PMCID: PMC6832507 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide-based drugs, despite being relegated as niche pharmaceuticals for years, are now capturing more and more attention from the scientific community. The main problem for these kinds of pharmacological compounds was the low degree of cellular uptake, which relegates the application of peptide-drugs to extracellular targets. In recent years, many new techniques have been developed in order to bypass the intrinsic problem of this kind of pharmaceuticals. One of these features is the use of stapled peptides. Stapled peptides consist of peptide chains that bring an external brace that force the peptide structure into an α-helical one. The cross-link is obtained by the linkage of the side chains of opportune-modified amino acids posed at the right distance inside the peptide chain. In this account, we report the main stapling methodologies currently employed or under development and the synthetic pathways involved in the amino acid modifications. Moreover, we report the results of two comparative studies upon different kinds of stapled-peptides, evaluating the properties given from each typology of staple to the target peptide and discussing the best choices for the use of this feature in peptide-drug synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Moiola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Misal G Memeo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
| | - Paolo Quadrelli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
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155
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Jenny KA, Ste. Marie EJ, Mose G, Ruggles EL, Hondal RJ. Facile removal of 4-methoxybenzyl protecting group from selenocysteine. J Pept Sci 2019; 25:e3209. [PMID: 31410953 PMCID: PMC6851407 DOI: 10.1002/psc.3209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 07/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Historically, methods to remove the 4-methoxybenzyl (Mob)-protecting group from selenocysteine (Sec) in peptides have used harsh and toxic reagents. The use of 2,2'-dithiobis-5-nitropyridine (DTNP) is an improvement over these methods; however, many wash steps are required to remove the by-product contaminant 5-nitro-2-thiopyridine. Even with many washes, excess DTNP adheres to the peptide. The final product needs excess purification to remove these contaminants. It was recently discovered by our group that hindered hydrosilanes could be used to reduce Cys(Mob). We sought to apply a similar methodology to reduce Sec(Mob), which we expected to be even more labile. Here, we present a gentle and facile method for deprotection of Sec(Mob) using triethylsilane (TES), phenol, and a variety of other scavengers often used in deprotection cocktails. The different cocktails were all incubated at 40 °C for 4 hours. The combination of TFA/TES/thioanisole (96:2:2) appeared to be the most efficient of the cocktails tested, providing complete deprotection and yielded peptide that was mainly in the diselenide form. This cocktail also showed no evidence of side reactions or significant contaminants in the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectral (MS) analyses. We envision that our new method will allow for a simple and gentle "one-pot" deprotection of Sec(Mob) following solid-phase peptide synthesis and will minimize the need for extensive purification steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaelyn A. Jenny
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Emma J. Ste. Marie
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Laboratory, Room B413, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Gracyn Mose
- University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Laboratory, Room B413, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Erik L. Ruggles
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | - Robert J. Hondal
- Department of Chemistry, Discovery Hall, University of Vermont, 82 University Place, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- University of Vermont, Department of Biochemistry, 89 Beaumont Ave, Given Laboratory, Room B413, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
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156
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Barthels F, Barthels U, Schwickert M, Schirmeister T. FINDUS: An Open-Source 3D Printable Liquid-Handling Workstation for Laboratory Automation in Life Sciences. SLAS Technol 2019; 25:190-199. [PMID: 31540570 DOI: 10.1177/2472630319877374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
3D-printed laboratory devices can enable ambitious research purposes even at a low-budget level. To follow this trend, here we describe the construction, calibration, and usage of the FINDUS (Fully Integrable Noncommercial Dispensing Utility System). We report the successful 3D printing and assembly of a liquid-handling workstation for less than $400. Using this setup, we achieve reliable and flexible liquid-dispensing automation with relative pipetting errors of less than 0.3%. We show our system is well suited for several showcase applications from both the biology and chemistry fields. In support of the open-source spirit, we make all 3D models, assembly instructions, and source code available for free download, rebuild, and modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Barthels
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ulrich Barthels
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marvin Schwickert
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schirmeister
- Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
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157
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Okarvi SM, AlJammaz I. Development of the Tumor-Specific Antigen-Derived Synthetic Peptides as Potential Candidates for Targeting Breast and Other Possible Human Carcinomas. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24173142. [PMID: 31470531 PMCID: PMC6749314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24173142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) represents one of the most studied tumor-associated antigens for cancer immunotherapy. The receptors for HER2 are overexpressed in various human cancers, such as breast and ovarian cancer. The relatively low expression of this antigen on normal tissues makes it a clinically useful molecular target for tumor imaging and targeted therapy. HER2 overexpression is correlated with aggressive tumor behavior and poor clinical outcomes. Thus, HER2 has become an important prognostic and predictive factor, as well as a potential molecular target. Due to the heterogeneity of breast cancer and possible discordance in HER2 status between primary tumors and distant metastases, assessment of HER2 expression by noninvasive imaging is important. Molecular imaging of HER2 expression may provide essential prognostic and predictive information concerning disseminated cancer and aid in the selection of an optimal therapy. Another tumor-specific antigen is MUC1, which is silent on normal tissues, but overexpressed in almost all human epithelial cell cancers, including >90% of human breast, ovarian, pancreatic, colorectal, lung, prostate, and gastric cancers and is a promising tumor antigen with diagnostic as well as the therapeutic potential of cancer. Radiolabeled small peptide ligands are attractive as probes for molecular imaging, as they reach and bind the target receptor efficiently and clear from blood and non-target organs faster than bulky antibodies. In this study, HER2 and MUC1-based peptides were synthesized and preclinically evaluated in an effort to develop peptide-based SPECT radiopharmaceuticals derived from tumor-associated antigens for the detection of breast cancer. Our findings demonstrate that the tumor antigen peptides radiolabeled efficiently with 99mTc and showed high metabolic stability in human plasma in vitro. The data from breast tumor cell binding confirmed the high affinity (in low nanomolar range) towards respective breast cancer cell lines. In healthy mice, 99mTc-labeled peptides displayed favorable pharmacokinetics, with high excretion by the renal system. In tumor xenografts nude mice models, good uptake by the SKBR3, MCF7, and T47D tumors were found, with good tumor-to-blood and tumor to muscle ratios. Additionally, tumor lesions can be seen in γ-camera imaging. Our data suggest that based on its ability to detect HER2- and MUC1-positive breast cancer cells in vivo, 99mTc-HER2 and 99mTc-MUC1-targeted peptides may be promising tumor imaging probes and warrant further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhani M Okarvi
- Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Ibrahim AlJammaz
- Cyclotron and Radiopharmaceuticals Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, P.O. Box 3354, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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158
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Liu C, Barrett TM, Chen X, Ferrie JJ, Petersson EJ. Fluorescent Probes for Studying Thioamide Positional Effects on Proteolysis Reveal Insight into Resistance to Cysteine Proteases. Chembiochem 2019; 20:2059-2062. [PMID: 30950552 PMCID: PMC7021225 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201900115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Thioamide substitutions of the peptide backbone have been shown to reduce proteolytic degradation, and this property can be used to generate competitive protease inhibitors and to stabilize peptides toward degradation in vivo. Here, we present a straightforward sensor design that allows a systematic study of the positional effects of thioamide substitution by using real-time fluorescence. Thioamide scanning in peptide substrates of five papain family cysteine proteases demonstrates that a thioamide at or near the scissile bond can slow proteolysis in all cases, but that the magnitude of the effects varies with position and protease in spite of high sequence homology. Mechanistic investigation of papain proteolysis reveals that the thioamide effects derive from reductions in both affinity (KM ) and turnover number (kcat ). Computational modeling allows these effects to be understood based on disruption of key enzyme-substrate hydrogen bonds, providing a model for future rational use of thioamides to confer cysteine protease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxiao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road 2, Beijing, 100193, P. R. China
| | - Taylor M Barrett
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Xing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - John J Ferrie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - E James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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159
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Yousaf S, King PJS, Miller AF, Saiani A, Clarke DJ, Trivoluzzi LT, Aojula HS, Bichenkova EV. Sequence-Specific Detection of Unlabeled Nucleic Acid Biomarkers Using a "One-Pot" 3D Molecular Sensor. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10016-10025. [PMID: 31246004 PMCID: PMC6745626 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
DNA and RNA biomarkers have not progressed beyond the automated specialized clinic due to failure in the reproducibility necessary to standardize robust and rapid nucleic acid detection at the point of care, where health outcomes can be most improved by early-stage diagnosis and precise monitoring of therapy and disease prognosis. We demonstrate here a new analytical platform to meet this challenge using functional 3D hydrogels engineered from peptide and oligonucleotide building blocks to provide sequence-specific, PCR-free fluorescent detection of unlabeled nucleic acid sequences. We discriminated at picomolar detection limits (<7 pM) "perfect-match" from mismatched sequences, down to a single nucleotide mutation, buried within longer lengths of the target. Detailed characterization by NMR, TEM, mass spectrometry, and rheology provided the structural understanding to design these hybrid peptide-oligonucleotide biomaterials with the desired sequence sensitivity and detection limit. We discuss the generic design, which is based on a highly predictable secondary structure of the oligonucleotide components, as a platform to detect genetic abnormalities and to screen for pathogenic conditions at the level of both DNA (e.g., SNPs) and RNA (messenger, micro, and viral genomic RNA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameen Yousaf
- School
of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Patrick J. S. King
- School
of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Aline F. Miller
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - Alberto Saiani
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K.
| | - David J. Clarke
- School
of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Linda T. Trivoluzzi
- School
of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Harmesh S. Aojula
- School
of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
| | - Elena V. Bichenkova
- School
of Health Sciences, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, U.K.
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160
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Brand GD, Ramada MHS, Manickchand JR, Correa R, Ribeiro DJS, Santos MA, Vasconcelos AG, Abrão FY, Prates MV, Murad AM, Cardozo Fh JL, Leite JRSA, Magalhães KG, Oliveira AL, Bloch C. Intragenic antimicrobial peptides (IAPs) from human proteins with potent antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activity. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220656. [PMID: 31386688 PMCID: PMC6684085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Following the treads of our previous works on the unveiling of bioactive peptides encrypted in plant proteins from diverse species, the present manuscript reports the occurrence of four proof-of-concept intragenic antimicrobial peptides in human proteins, named Hs IAPs. These IAPs were prospected using the software Kamal, synthesized by solid phase chemistry, and had their interactions with model phospholipid vesicles investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and circular dichroism. Their antimicrobial activity against bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi was determined, along with their cytotoxicity towards erythrocytes. Our data demonstrates that Hs IAPs are capable to bind model membranes while attaining α-helical structure, and to inhibit the growth of microorganisms at concentrations as low as 1μM. Hs02, a novel sixteen residue long internal peptide (KWAVRIIRKFIKGFIS-NH2) derived from the unconventional myosin 1h protein, was further investigated in its capacity to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced release of TNF-α in murine macrophages. Hs02 presented potent anti-inflammatory activity, inhibiting the release of TNF-α in LPS-primed cells at the lowest assayed concentration, 0.1 μM. A three-dimensional solution structure of Hs02 bound to DPC micelles was determined by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. Our work exemplifies how the human genome can be mined for molecules with biotechnological potential in human health and demonstrates that IAPs are actual alternatives to antimicrobial peptides as pharmaceutical agents or in their many other putative applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme D. Brand
- Laboratório de Síntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, LSAB, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- * E-mail:
| | - Marcelo H. S. Ramada
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Gerontologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, LEM, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Júlia R. Manickchand
- Laboratório de Síntese e Análise de Biomoléculas, LSAB, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Rafael Correa
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Inflamação, LIMI, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Dalila J. S. Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Inflamação, LIMI, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Michele A. Santos
- Laboratório de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear, LRMN, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Andreanne G. Vasconcelos
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | | | - Maura V. Prates
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, LEM, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - André M. Murad
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, LEM, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - José L. Cardozo Fh
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, LEM, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
- Departamento de Fitopatologia, Instituto Mato-Grossense do Algodão, Primavera do Leste, MT, Brasil
| | - José Roberto S. A. Leite
- Núcleo de Pesquisa em Morfologia e Imunologia Aplicada, NuPMIA, Faculdade de Medicina, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Kelly G. Magalhães
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Inflamação, LIMI, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Aline L. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Ressonância Magnética Nuclear, LRMN, Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF, Brasil
| | - Carlos Bloch
- Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, LEM, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, DF, Brasil
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161
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Abstract
Using peptide assemblies with emergent properties to achieve elaborate functions has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Besides tailoring the self-assembly of peptides in vitro, peptide research is advancing into a new and exciting frontier: the rational design of peptide assemblies (or their derivatives) for biological functions in a complex environment. This Minireview highlights recent developments in peptide assemblies and their applications in biological systems. After introducing the unique merits of peptide assemblies, we discuss the recent progress in designing peptides (or peptide derivatives) for self-assembly with conformational control. Then, we describe biological functions of peptide assemblies, with an emphasis on approach-instructed assembly for spatiotemporal control of peptide assemblies, in the cellular context. Finally, we discuss the future promises and challenges of this exciting area of chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaimin Wang
- Department of chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Zhaoqianqi Feng
- Department of chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St, Waltham, MA 02454, USA
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162
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Song JM, Gallagher EE, Menon A, Mishra LD, Garner AL. The role of olefin geometry in the activity of hydrocarbon stapled peptides targeting eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E). Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6414-6419. [PMID: 31215581 PMCID: PMC6625666 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01041f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Hydrocarbon stapled (HCS) peptides are a class of cross-linked α-helix mimetics. The technology relies on the use of α,α'-disubstituted alkenyl amino acids, which fully contrain the helical region to typically yield peptides with enhanced structural ordering and biological activity. Recently, monosubstituted alkenyl amino acids were disclosed for peptide stapling; however, the impact that this tether has on HCS peptide structure and activity has not yet been fully explored. By applying this HCS to the disordered peptide eIF4E-binding protein 1 (4E-BP1), we discovered that this type of tethering has a dramatic effect on olefin geometry and activity of the resultant stapled peptides, where the putative trans isomer was found to exhibit enhanced in vitro and cellular inhibitory activity against eIF4E protein-protein interactions. We further demonstrated that the metathesis catalyst used for ring-closing metathesis can influence monosubstituted HCS peptide activity, presumably through alteration of the cis/trans olefin ratio. This study represents one of the first in-depth analyses of olefin isomers of a stapled peptide and highlights an additional feature for medicinal chemistry optimization of this class of peptide-based probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Song
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Erin E Gallagher
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Arya Menon
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Lauren D Mishra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
| | - Amanda L Garner
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
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163
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Voerman D, Schluck M, Weiden J, Joosten B, Eggermont LJ, van den Eijnde T, Ignacio B, Cambi A, Figdor CG, Kouwer PHJ, Verdoes M, Hammink R, Rowan AE. Synthetic Semiflexible and Bioactive Brushes. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2587-2597. [PMID: 31150222 PMCID: PMC6620732 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymer brushes are extensively used for the preparation of bioactive surfaces. They form a platform to attach functional (bio)molecules and control the physicochemical properties of the surface. These brushes are nearly exclusively prepared from flexible polymers, even though much stiffer brushes from semiflexible polymers are frequently found in nature, which exert bioactive functions that are out of reach for flexible brushes. Synthetic semiflexible polymers, however, are very rare. Here, we use polyisocyanopeptides (PICs) to prepare high-density semiflexible brushes on different substrate geometries. For bioconjugation, we developed routes with two orthogonal click reactions, based on the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction and the (photoactivated) tetrazole-ene cycloaddition reaction. We found that for high brush densities, multiple bonds between the polymer and the substrate are necessary, which was achieved in a block copolymer strategy. Whether the desired biomolecules are conjugated to the PIC polymer before or after brush formation depends on the dimensions and required densities of the biomolecules and the curvature of the substrate. In either case, we provide mild, aqueous, and highly modular reaction strategies, which make PICs a versatile addition to the toolbox for generating semiflexible bioactive polymer brush surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dion Voerman
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marjolein Schluck
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jorieke Weiden
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben Joosten
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Loek J. Eggermont
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tuur van den Eijnde
- Department
of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules
and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Bob Ignacio
- Department
of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules
and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alessandra Cambi
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Carl G. Figdor
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Paul H. J. Kouwer
- Department
of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules
and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Martijn Verdoes
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Roel Hammink
- Department
of Tumor Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, and Microscopic Imaging Center, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud
University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 26, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Alan E. Rowan
- Department
of Molecular Materials, Institute for Molecules
and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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164
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Ptaszyńska N, Olkiewicz K, Okońska J, Gucwa K, Łęgowska A, Gitlin-Domagalska A, Dębowski D, Lica J, Heldt M, Milewski S, Ng TB, Rolka K. Peptide conjugates of lactoferricin analogues and antimicrobials-Design, chemical synthesis, and evaluation of antimicrobial activity and mammalian cytotoxicity. Peptides 2019; 117:170079. [PMID: 30959143 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Eight new peptide conjugates composed of modified bovine lactoferricin truncated analogues (LFcinB) and one of the three antimicrobials - ciprofloxacin (CIP), levofloxacin (LVX), and fluconazole (FLC) - were synthesized. Four different linkers were applied to connect a peptide and an antimicrobial agent. The FLC-containing peptidic conjugates were synthesized using the "click chemistry" method. This novel approach is reported here for the first time. Unlike their components, CIP- and LVX-based conjugates exerted activity against Candida yeast. Similarly to the constituent peptides, synthesized conjugates showed activity against Gram-positive bacteria, especially S. epidermidis. The most active were the conjugates containing CIP linked to the peptide by the redox-sensitive disulfide bridge. Our results show a significant role of a linker between antimicrobial agent and a peptide. This was also confirmed by the lack of synergistic effects on the antimicrobial activity of the constituent compounds. Moreover, cytotoxicity assays revealed that the proposed conjugates cause a comparatively low cytotoxic effect in reference to antibiotics widely used in therapies. Therefore, they can be deliberated as attractive leading structures for the development of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Ptaszyńska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Olkiewicz
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Joanna Okońska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Gucwa
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Anna Łęgowska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agata Gitlin-Domagalska
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Dawid Dębowski
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Jan Lica
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Heldt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Sławomir Milewski
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China
| | - Krzysztof Rolka
- Department of Molecular Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
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165
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Abstract
Tyrosine nitration is a protein post-translational modification that is predominantly non-enzymatic and is observed to be increased under conditions of nitrosative stress and in numerous disease states. A small protein motif (14-18 amino acids) responsive to tyrosine nitration has been developed. In this design, nitrotyrosine replaced the conserved Glu12 of an EF-hand metal-binding motif. Thus, the non-nitrated peptide bound terbium weakly. In contrast, tyrosine nitration resulted in a 45-fold increase in terbium affinity. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicated direct binding of nitrotyrosine to the metal and EF-hand-like metal contacts in this designed peptide. Nitrotyrosine is an efficient quencher of fluorescence. To develop a sensor of tyrosine nitration, the initial design was modified to incorporate Glu residues at EF-hand positions 9 and 16 as additional metal-binding residues, to increase the terbium affinity of the peptide with unmodified tyrosine. This peptide with a tyrosine at residue 12 bound terbium and effectively sensitized terbium luminescence. Tyrosine nitration resulted in a 180-fold increase in terbium affinity ( Kd = 1.6 μM) and quenching of terbium luminescence. This sequence was incorporated as an encoded protein tag and applied as a turn-off fluorescent protein sensor of tyrosine nitration. The sensor was responsive to nitration by peroxynitrite, with fluorescence quenched upon nitration. The greater terbium affinity upon tyrosine nitration resulted in a large dynamic range and sensitivity to substoichiometric nitration. An improved approach for the synthesis of peptides containing nitrotyrosine was also developed, via the in situ silyl protection of nitrotyrosine. This work represents the first designed, encodable protein motif that is responsive to tyrosine nitration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew R. Urmey
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Neal J. Zondlo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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166
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Zhu H, Wang H, Shi B, Shangguan L, Tong W, Yu G, Mao Z, Huang F. Supramolecular peptide constructed by molecular Lego allowing programmable self-assembly for photodynamic therapy. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2412. [PMID: 31160596 PMCID: PMC6546686 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-10385-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptide self-assemblies with multiple nanostructures have great potentials in functional biomaterials, and yet the tedious and costly covalent peptide modification and the lack of facile controllability on self-assembly morphology retard the peptide-related exploration. Here we report a simple approach to fabricate a supramolecular peptide that shows programmable self-assembly with multiple morphologies and application in photodynamic therapy. Pillar[5]arene-based host-guest recognition is used to construct a supramolecular peptide, which simplify the peptide modification and promote the controllability of the self-assembly behavior. Due to the ERGDS sequences on the exterior surfaces and hydrophobic cores of self-assemblies, the nanoparticles formed from the supramolecular peptide are suitable vehicles to encapsulate a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate that the inherent targeting capability and supramolecular strategy greatly boost its photodynamic therapeutic efficiency. This supramolecular peptide holds promising potentials in precise cancer therapy and perspectives for the peptide modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huangtianzhi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liqing Shangguan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Tong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guocan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
- Laboratory of Molecular Imaging and Nanomedicine, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
| | - Feihe Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Center for Chemistry of High-Performance & Novel Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, P. R. China.
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167
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Nakamura R, Konishi M, Taniguchi M, Hatakawa Y, Akizawa T. The discovery of shorter synthetic proteolytic peptides derived from Tob1 protein. Peptides 2019; 116:71-77. [PMID: 30930080 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
We screened nearly 1000 synthetic peptides and found that JAL-AK22 (KYEGHWYPEKPYKGSGFRCIHI), which is derived from the BoxA domain in the Tob1 protein, activates both unfolded and folded proMMP-7. Interestingly, the smaller derivative of JAL-AK22, termed JAL-TA9 (YKGSGFRMI) possessed auto-proteolytic activity and cleaved three synthetic peptides fragment (MMP18-33, MMP18-40, and Aβ11-29) under physiological conditions. The kcat of JAL-TA9 was 4.58 × 10-4 min-1 against MMP18-33 and 6.5 × 10-4 min-1 against MMP18-40. These kinetic parameters are lower than those of general proteinases like trypsin, for which the kcat is 247.2 × 105 min-1 against benzoyl-l-arginine ethyl ester. In addition, a 5-mer peptide derived from JAL-TA9, GSGFR also cleaved Aβ11-29. These proteolytic activities were inhibited by AEBSF (4-(2-Aminoethyl) benzenesulfonyl fluoride hydrochloride), a serine protease inhibitor. Our results demonstrate that some small synthetic peptides have protease activity. Thus, we propose calling small peptides possessing with protease activity Catalytides (catalytic peptides). We expect that our findings will stimulate the development of novel Catalytides and related applications such as the development of strategic peptide drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Nakamura
- O-Force Co. Ltd., 3454 Irino, Kuroshio-cho, Hata-gun, Kochi, 789-1931, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Motomi Konishi
- Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan.
| | - Masanari Taniguchi
- Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hatakawa
- Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
| | - Toshifumi Akizawa
- O-Force Co. Ltd., 3454 Irino, Kuroshio-cho, Hata-gun, Kochi, 789-1931, Japan; Department of Pharmacology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Kohasu Oko-cho, Nankoku, Kochi, 783-8505, Japan; Laboratory of Clinical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Setsunan University, 45-1 Nagaotoge-cho, Hirakata, Osaka, 573-0101, Japan
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168
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Mattes DS, Jung N, Weber LK, Bräse S, Breitling F. Miniaturized and Automated Synthesis of Biomolecules-Overview and Perspectives. Adv Mater 2019; 31:e1806656. [PMID: 31033052 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201806656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chemical synthesis is performed by reacting different chemical building blocks with defined stoichiometry, while meeting additional conditions, such as temperature and reaction time. Such a procedure is especially suited for automation and miniaturization. Life sciences lead the way to synthesizing millions of different oligonucleotides in extremely miniaturized reaction sites, e.g., pinpointing active genes in whole genomes, while chemistry advances different types of automation. Recent progress in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) imaging could match miniaturized chemical synthesis with a powerful analytical tool to validate the outcome of many different synthesis pathways beyond applications in the life sciences. Thereby, due to the radical miniaturization of chemical synthesis, thousands of molecules can be synthesized. This in turn should allow ambitious research, e.g., finding novel synthesis routes or directly screening for photocatalysts. Herein, different technologies are discussed that might be involved in this endeavor. A special emphasis is given to the obstacles that need to be tackled when depositing tiny amounts of materials to many different extremely miniaturized reaction sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela S Mattes
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Nicole Jung
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Laura K Weber
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry (IOC), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Fritz-Haber-Weg 6, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frank Breitling
- Institute of Microstructure Technology (IMT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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169
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Zhang L, Qi Y, Min H, Ni C, Wang F, Wang B, Qin H, Zhang Y, Liu G, Qin Y, Duan X, Li F, Han X, Tao N, Zhang L, Qin Z, Zhao Y, Nie G. Cooperatively Responsive Peptide Nanotherapeutic that Regulates Angiopoietin Receptor Tie2 Activity in Tumor Microenvironment To Prevent Breast Tumor Relapse after Chemotherapy. ACS Nano 2019; 13:5091-5102. [PMID: 30986342 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Expressed in macrophages and endothelial cells, the receptor for angiopoietin, tyrosine kinase with immunoglobulin and epidermal growth factor homology-2 (Tie2), is required for the reconstruction of blood vessels in tumor recurrence after chemotherapy. Thus, small therapeutic peptides that target and block Tie2 activity are promising as a therapeutic for the prevention of tumor relapse after chemotherapy. However, such small peptides often have low bioavailability, undergo rapid enzymatic degradation, and exhibit a short circulation half-life, making them ineffective in cancer therapy. Herein, we designed a dual-responsive amphiphilic peptide (mPEG1000-K(DEAP)-AAN-NLLMAAS) to modify the small peptide T4 (NLLMAAS) as a Tie2 inhibitor, endowing it with the ability to endure in circulation and specifically target tumor tissue. The ultimate nanoformulation (P-T4) releases T4 in response to the combination of the acidic tumor microenvironment and the presence of legumain, which is commonly overexpressed in tumor tissue. Compared with free T4, P-T4 decreases vessel density significantly (free T4: 2.44 ± 1.20%, P-T4: 0.90 ± 0.75%), delays tumor regrowth after chemotherapy (free T4: 43.2 ± 11.8%, P-T4: 63.6 ± 13.9%), and reduces distant metastasis formation (free T4: 4.50 ± 2.40%, P-T4: 0.67 ± 0.32%). These effects of P-T4 are produced by the local blockage of Tie2 signals in Tie2-positive macrophages and endothelial cells. In addition to describing a potential strategy to enhance circulation half-life and the accumulation of an active peptide at tumor sites, our approach exemplifies the successful targeting of multiple cell types that overexpress a key molecule in conditions associated with tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Yingqiu Qi
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Huan Min
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Chen Ni
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Fei Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Bin Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Hao Qin
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yinlong Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Guangna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yue Qin
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Xixi Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Feng Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Xuexiang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Ning Tao
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals, Institute of Biophysics , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 , China
| | - Lirong Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , Henan 450001 , China
| | - Zhihai Qin
- The First Affiliated Hospital , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou 450052 , China
| | - Ying Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Guangjun Nie
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials & Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology , Beijing 100190 , China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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170
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Limthongkul J, Mapratiep N, Apichirapokey S, Suksatu A, Midoeng P, Ubol S. Insect anionic septapeptides suppress DENV replication by activating antiviral cytokines and miRNAs in primary human monocytes. Antiviral Res 2019; 168:1-8. [PMID: 31075349 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2019.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Dengue viruses (DENVs) have threatened 2/3 of the world population for decades. Thus, combating DENV infection with either antiviral therapy or protective vaccination is an urgent goal. In the present study, we investigated the anti-DENV activity of insect cell-derived anionic septapeptides from C6/36 mosquito cell cultures persistently infected with DENV. These molecules were previously shown to protect C6/36 and Vero cells against DENV infection. We found that treatment with these septapeptides strongly and rapidly downregulated the multiplication of DENV-1 16007, DENV-3 16562, and DENV-4 1036 but not that of DENV-2 16681 in primary human monocytes. This inhibitory effect was likely mediated through various routes including the increased production of antiviral cytokines (IFN-I), activation of mononuclear cell migration, and upregulation of the expression of antiviral miRNAs (has-miR-30e*, has-miR-133a, and has-miR-223) and inflammation-related miRNAs (has-miR-146a and has-miR-147). In conclusion, anionic septapeptides exerted anti-DENV activity in human monocytes through the upregulation of innate immune responses and the activation of several previously reported antiviral and inflammation-related miRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitra Limthongkul
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Nithipong Mapratiep
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Suttikarn Apichirapokey
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Ampa Suksatu
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
| | - Panuwat Midoeng
- Army Institute of Pathology, Phramongkutklao Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Sukathida Ubol
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, 272 Rama 6 Road, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
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171
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Lin YX, Wang Y, An HW, Qi B, Wang J, Wang L, Shi J, Mei L, Wang H. Peptide-Based Autophagic Gene and Cisplatin Co-delivery Systems Enable Improved Chemotherapy Resistance. Nano Lett 2019; 19:2968-2978. [PMID: 30924343 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b00083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a widely used first-line strategy for numerous cancers. However, drug resistances are often inevitable accompanied by the long-term use of cisplatin in vivo, significantly hampering its therapeutic efficacy and clinical outcomes. Among others, autophagy induction is one of the most common causes of tumor resistance to cisplatin. Herein, a self-assembled nanoprodrug platform was developed with the synergistic effect of cisplatin and RNAi to fight against cisplatin-resistant lung cancer. The nanoprodrug platform consists of three molecular modules, including prodrug complex of Pt(IV)-peptide-bis(pyrene), DSPE-PEG, and cRGD-modified DSPE-PEG. The Pt(IV) is immobilized with peptide via amide bonds, allowing the Pt(IV) to be loaded with a loading efficiency of >95% and rapid-release active platinum ions (Pt(II)) in the presence of glutathione (GSH). Meanwhile, the peptide of the prodrug complex could efficiently deliver Beclin1 siRNA ( Beclin1 is an autophagy initiation factor) to the cytoplasm, thereby leading to autophagy inhibition. In addition, incorporation of DSPE-PEG and cRGD-modified DSPE-PEG molecules improves the biocompatibility and cellular uptake of the nanoprodrug platform. In vivo results also indicate that the nanoprodrug platform significantly inhibits the growth of a cisplatin-resistant tumor on xenograft mice models with a remarkable inhibition rate, up to 84% after intravenous injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Xin Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , People's Republic of China
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Yi Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Wei An
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Baowen Qi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Junqing Wang
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Lei Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine and Department of Anesthesiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital , Harvard Medical School , Boston , Massachusetts 02115 , United States
| | - Lin Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen) , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou , Guangdong 510006 , People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety , National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST) , Beijing , 100190 , People's Republic of China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering , University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , People's Republic of China
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172
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Mizerska-Kowalska M, Kreczko-Kurzawa J, Zdzisińska B, Czerwonka A, Sławińska-Brych A, Maćkiewicz Z, Nidzworski D, Kandefer-Szerszeń M. Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) inhibitors - thiorphan, sialorphin, and its derivatives exert anti-proliferative activity towards colorectal cancer cells in vitro. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 307:105-115. [PMID: 31054283 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neutral endopeptidase (NEP) is an enzyme implicated in development of different tumors, e.g. colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, the anti-cancer effects of NEP inhibitors, thiorphan (synthetic compound) and sialorphin (naturally occurring pentapeptide) on CRC cells were investigated. Moreover, we synthesized some derivatives of sialorphin (alanine scan analogues: AHNPR, QANPR, QHAPR, QHNAR; N-acetylated sialorphin; C-amidated sialorphin, and C-amidated alanine scan analogues) to examine the biological activity of these inhibitors on CRC cells. The cytotoxic activity of the NEP inhibitors against CRC cell lines (SW620 and LS180) and normal human fibroblasts (HSF) was evaluated. Additionally, the influence of NEP inhibitors on proliferation, cell cycle progression, induction of apoptosis, and the level of phosphorylation of MAP kinases and mTORC1 signaling pathway proteins in CRC cells were examined. The NEP inhibitors were non-cytotoxic to HSF cells; however, most of them slightly decreased the viability and inhibited proliferation of CRC cells. The N-acetylation or C-amidation of sialorphin or its alanine scan analogues resulted in decreased or abolished anti-proliferative activity of the NEP inhibitors towards the CRC cells. Additionally, thiorphan and sialorphin enhanced the anti-proliferative activity of other CRC-cell growth inhibitors (atrial natriuretic peptide-ANP and melphalan-MEL). The mechanisms involved in the anti-proliferative effects of the tested inhibitors were mediated via NEP and associated with induction of cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase, increased activity of ERK1/2, and a reduced level of phosphorylation of mTOR (Ser2448), 4E-BP1, and p70S6K. However, the NEP inhibitors did not induce apoptosis in the CRC cells. These results have indicated that thiorphan and sialorphin or its derivatives AHNPR, QANPR, QHAPR, and QHNAR have the potential to be used as agents in treatment of patients with CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mizerska-Kowalska
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Virology and Immunology, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Joanna Kreczko-Kurzawa
- University of Gdansk, Laboratory of Biological Macromolecules' Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Barbara Zdzisińska
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Virology and Immunology, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Arkadiusz Czerwonka
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Virology and Immunology, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Adrianna Sławińska-Brych
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Cell Biology, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Zbigniew Maćkiewicz
- University of Gdansk, Laboratory of Biological Macromolecules' Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Dawid Nidzworski
- The Institute of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Martyna Kandefer-Szerszeń
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Virology and Immunology, Lublin, Poland.
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173
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Boutin JA, Tartar AL, van Dorsselaer A, Vaudry H. General lack of structural characterization of chemically synthesized long peptides. Protein Sci 2019; 28:857-867. [PMID: 30851143 PMCID: PMC6459998 DOI: 10.1002/pro.3601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Many peptide chemistry scientists have been reporting extremely interesting work on the basis of chemical peptides for which the only characterization was their purity, mass, and biological activity. It seems slightly overenthusiastic, as many of these structures should be thoroughly characterized first to demonstrate the uniqueness of the structure, as opposed to the uniqueness of the sequence. Among the peptides of identical sequences in the final chemical preparation, what amount of well-folded peptide supports the measured activity? The activity of a peptide preparation cannot prove the purity of the desired peptide. Therefore, greater care should be taken in characterizing peptides, particularly those coming from chemical synthesis. At a time when the pharmaceutical industry is changing its paradigm by moving substantially from small molecules to biologics to better serve patients' needs, it is important to understand the limitations of the descriptions of these products and to start to apply the same "good laboratory practices" to our peptide research. Here, we attempt to delineate how synthetic peptides are described and characterized and what will be needed to describe them in regards to how they are well-folded and homogeneous in their tertiary structure. Older studies were done when the tools were not yet discovered, but more recent publications are still lacking proper descriptions of these peptides. Modern tools of analysis are capable of segregating folded and unfolded peptides, even if the preparation is biologically active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean A. Boutin
- Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier50 rue Carnot, 92284, Suresnes‐CedexFrance
| | - André L. Tartar
- Faculté de Pharmacie 3rue du Professeur Laguesse, BP83 ‐ 59006, Lille‐CedexFrance
| | - Alain van Dorsselaer
- Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse Bio‐Organique, Département des Sciences AnalytiquesInstitut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert CurienUMR 7178 (CNRS‐UdS), ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, F67087, Strasbourg‐Cedex 2France
| | - Hubert Vaudry
- Plate‐Forme de Recherche en Imagerie Cellulaire de Normandie (PRIMACEN)Institut de Recherche et d'Innovation Biomédicales (IRIB), Université de Rouen76821, Mont‐Saint‐Aignan CedexFrance
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174
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Lin CH, Wen HC, Chiang CC, Huang JS, Chen Y, Wang SK. Polyproline Tri-Helix Macrocycles as Nanosized Scaffolds to Control Ligand Patterns for Selective Protein Oligomer Interactions. Small 2019; 15:e1900561. [PMID: 30977296 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201900561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Multivalent ligand-receptor interactions play essential roles in biological recognition and signaling. As the receptor arrangement on the cell surface can alter the outcome of cell signaling and also provide spatial specificity for ligand binding, controlling the presentation of ligands has become a promising strategy to manipulate or selectively target protein receptors. The lack of adjustable universal tools to control ligand positions at the size of a few nanometers has prompted the development of polyproline tri-helix macrocycles as scaffolds to present ligands in designated patterns. Model lectin Helix pomatia agglutinin has shown selectivity toward the matching GalNAc ligand pattern matching its binding sites arrangement. The GalNAc pattern selectivity is also observed on intact asialoglycoprotein receptor oligomer on human hepatoma cells showing the pattern-selective interaction can be achieved not only on isolated protein oligomers but also the receptors arranged on the cell surface. As the scaffold design allows convenient creation of versatile ligand patterns, it can be expected as a promising tool to probe the arrangement of receptors on the cell surface and as nanomedicine to manipulate signaling or cell recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cin-Hao Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Chuan Wen
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chin Chiang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Sheng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Yunching Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Kai Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
- Frontier Research Center on Fundamental and Applied Sciences of Matters, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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175
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Wang J, Zhang L, Yang J, Yan H, Li X, Wang C, Wang D, Sun Y, Xu H. Platinum-Ion-Mediated Self-Assembly of Hairpin Peptides and Synthesis of Platinum Nanostructures. Langmuir 2019; 35:5617-5625. [PMID: 30942585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Nanostructures and nanomaterials based on peptide self-assembly have attracted tremendous interests due to the functionalities of peptide molecules. Furthermore, the self-assembled peptide nanostructures are also adopted to fabricate nanomaterials and nanodevices. In this work, the intramolecular folding and self-assembly of a β-hairpin peptide CBHH were first studied under the regulation of platinum ion. And then, platinum nanostructures were synthesized through the reduction of platinum ions templated with peptide self-assemblies. The results of circular dichroism spectroscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, isothermal titration calorimetry, and atomic force microscopy observation showed that platinum ions could promote the conversion of peptide CBHH secondary structure from a random coil to a β-sheet through coordination with histidine residues. Platinum nanostructures including nanorods and one dimensionally aligned nanorods were synthesized through in situ reduction with CBHH self-assembled nanofiber as the templates. And the synthesized platinum nanostructures showed excellent electrocatalytic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Liyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Jingge Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Hongyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Xiran Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Chengdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Yawei Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
| | - Hai Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Centre for Bioengineering and Biotechnology , China University of Petroleum (East China) , 66 Changjiang West Road , Qingdao 266580 , China
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176
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Zhao XZ, Tsuji K, Hymel D, Burke TR. Development of Highly Selective 1,2,3-Triazole-containing Peptidic Polo-like Kinase 1 Polo-box Domain-binding Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:E1488. [PMID: 31014020 PMCID: PMC6515314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24081488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Members of the polo-like kinase (Plk) family of serine/threonine protein kinases play crucial roles in cell cycle regulation and proliferation. Of the five Plks (Plk1-5), Plk1 is recognized as an anticancer drug target. Plk1 contains multiple structural components that are important for its proper biological function. These include an N-terminal catalytic domain and a C-terminal non-catalytic polo-box domain (PBD). The PBD binds to phosphothreonine (pT) and phosphoserine-containing sequences. Blocking PBD-dependent interactions offers a potential means of down-regulating Plk1 function that is distinct from targeting its ATP-binding site. Previously, we demonstrated by tethering alkylphenyl chains from the N(π)-position of the His residue in the 5-mer PLHSpT, that we were able to access a hydrophobic "cryptic" binding pocket on the surface of the PBD, and in so doing enhance binding affinities by approximately 1000-fold. More recently, we optimized these PBD-ligand interactions using an oxime ligation-based strategy. Herein, using azide-alkyne cycloaddition reactions, we explore new triazole-containing PBD-binding antagonists. Some of these ligands retain the high PBD-binding affinity of the parent peptide, while showing desirable enhanced selectivity for the PBD of Plk1 relative to the PBDs of Plk2 and Plk3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhi Zhao
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Kohei Tsuji
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - David Hymel
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Terrence R Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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177
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Dai Y, Peralta AN, Wynn JE, Sherpa C, Li H, Verma A, Le Grice SFJ, Santos WL. Molecular recognition of a branched peptide with HIV-1 Rev Response Element (RRE) RNA. Bioorg Med Chem 2019; 27:1759-1765. [PMID: 30879859 PMCID: PMC6476629 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2019.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Interaction of HIV-1 rev response element (RRE) RNA with its cognate protein, Rev, is critical for HIV-1 replication. Understanding the mode of interaction between RRE RNA and ligands at the binding site can facilitate RNA molecular recognition as well as provide a strategy for developing anti-HIV therapeutics. Our approach utilizes branched peptides as a scaffold for multivalent binding to RRE IIB (high affinity rev binding site) with incorporation of unnatural amino acids to increase affinity via non-canonical interactions with the RNA. Previous high throughput screening of a 46,656-member library revealed several hits that bound RRE IIB RNA in the sub-micromolar range. In particular, the lead compound, 4B3, displayed a Kd value of 410 nM and demonstrated selectivity towards RRE. A ribonuclease protection assay revealed that 4B3 binds to the stem-loop structure of RRE IIB RNA, which was confirmed by SHAPE analysis with 234 nt long NL4-3 RRE RNA. Our studies further indicated interaction of 4B3 with both primary and secondary Rev binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumin Dai
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Ashley N Peralta
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Jessica E Wynn
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Chringma Sherpa
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Astha Verma
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States
| | - Stuart F J Le Grice
- Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
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178
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Li X, Cao C, Wei P, Xu M, Liu Z, Liu L, Zhong Y, Li R, Zhou Y, Yi T. Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Peptides for Recognizing High Furin-Expressing Cancer Cells. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:12327-12334. [PMID: 30864434 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b01281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled nanostructures of amphiphilic peptides have a wide range of applications in bioimaging and delivery systems. In this study, we design and synthesize a biocompatible amphiphilic peptide (C-3) consisting of an RVRRFFF sequence and a nitrobenzoxadiazole fluorophore that can self-assemble into stable micelles for specifically detecting furin, a kind of proprotein convertase with promoting tumor progression. The self-assembly of C-3 with a β-sheet nanostructure is capable of a rapid and specific response to furin in only 5 min in aqueous solution because of the existence of the RVRR motif in the C-3 molecule. The C-3 nanostructures thus can selectively distinguish high furin-expressing cancer cells, like MDA-MB-231 cells, a kind of human breast cancer cells, from normal cells. Furthermore, the C-3 self-assembly can stay in living cells for a long time and are capable of durable detection of intracellular furin, being good for tracer analysis. To our knowledge, this is the first example of self-assembly of a soluble amphiphilic peptide that can selectively detect furin in high furin-expressing live cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Shanghai Institute of Technology , 100 Haiquan Road , Shanghai 201418 , P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Cao
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
| | - Peng Wei
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
| | - Mengyin Xu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Shanghai Institute of Technology , 100 Haiquan Road , Shanghai 201418 , P. R. China
| | - Zhongkuan Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
| | - Yaping Zhong
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
| | - Ruohan Li
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Shanghai Institute of Technology , 100 Haiquan Road , Shanghai 201418 , P. R. China
| | - Tao Yi
- Department of Chemistry , Fudan University , 2005 Songhu Road , Shanghai 200438 , P. R. China
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179
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Ziegman R, Brust A, Jha P, Cardoso FC, Lewis RJ, Alewood PF. 'Messy' Processing of χ-conotoxin MrIA Generates Homologues with Reduced hNET Potency. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:md17030165. [PMID: 30875751 PMCID: PMC6470548 DOI: 10.3390/md17030165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Integrated venomics techniques have shown that variable processing of conotoxins from Conus marmoreus resulted in a dramatic expansion in the number of expressed conotoxins. One conotoxin from C. marmoreus, the χ-conotoxin MrIA, is a selective inhibitor of human norepinephrine transporters (hNET) and therefore a drug candidate for attenuating chronic neuropathic pain. It has been found that “messy” processing of the MrIA transcripts results in the expression of MrIA analogs with different truncations of the pro-peptide that contains portions of the MrIA molecule. The aim of this study was to investigate if variable processing of the expressed peptides results in modulation of the existing hNET pharmacology or creates new pharmacologies. To this end, a number of MrIA analogs found in C. marmoreus venom were synthesized and evaluated for their activity at hNET receptors. While several of the analogs exhibited norepinephrine transporter inhibitory activity comparable to that of MrIA, none significantly improved on the potency of conotoxin MrIA, and those analogs with disrupted pharmacophores produced greatly reduced NET inhibition, confirming previous structure-activity relationships seen on χ-class conopeptides. Additionally, analogs were screened for new activities on ion channels using calcium influx assays, although no major new pharmacology was revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebekah Ziegman
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Andreas Brust
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Prerna Jha
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Fernanda C Cardoso
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
| | - Paul F Alewood
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland 4072, Australia.
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180
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Weidmann J, Schnölzer M, Dawson PE, Hoheisel JD. Copying Life: Synthesis of an Enzymatically Active Mirror-Image DNA-Ligase Made of D-Amino Acids. Cell Chem Biol 2019; 26:645-651.e3. [PMID: 30880154 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our objective is the creation of a mirror-image synthetic biology: that is, to mimic, entirely independent of Nature, a biological system and to re-create it from artificial component parts. Utilizing enantiomeric L-nucleotides and D-amino acids rather than the natural components, we use chemical synthesis toward a basic, self-replicating mirror-image biological system. Here, we report the synthesis of a functional DNA-ligase in the D-enantiomeric conformation, which is an exact mirror-image of the natural enzyme, exhibiting DNA ligation activity on chirally inverted nucleic acids in L-conformation, but not acting on natural substrates and with natural co-factors. Starting from the known structure of the Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus 1 DNA-ligase and the homologous but shorter DNA-ligase of Haemophilus influenza, we designed and synthesized chemically peptides, which could then be assembled into a full-length molecule yielding a functional protein. The structure and the activity of the mirror-image ligase were characterized, documenting its enantiospecific functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Weidmann
- Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Martina Schnölzer
- Functional Proteome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Philip E Dawson
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jörg D Hoheisel
- Functional Genome Analysis, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 580, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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181
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Xu J, Merlier F, Avalle B, Vieillard V, Debré P, Haupt K, Tse Sum Bui B. Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Nanoparticles as Potential Synthetic Antibodies for Immunoprotection against HIV. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2019; 11:9824-9831. [PMID: 30758939 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b22732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We describe the preparation and characterization of synthetic antibodies based on molecularly imprinted polymer nanoparticles (MIP-NPs) for the recognition and binding of the highly conserved and specific peptide motif SWSNKS (3S), an epitope of the envelope glycoprotein 41 (gp41) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). This motif is implicated in the decline of CD4+ T cells and leads to the deterioration of the immune system during HIV infection. Therefore, the development of MIP-NPs that can target and block the 3S peptide to prevent subsequent cascade interactions directed toward the killing of CD4+ T cells is of prime importance. Because most antibodies recognize their protein antigen via a conformational or structured epitope (as opposed to a linear epitope commonly used for molecular imprinting), we employed protein molecular modeling to design our template epitope so that it mimics the three-dimensional structure fold of 3S in gp41. The resulting template peptide corresponds to a cyclic structure composed of CGSWSNKSC, with the 3S motif well orientated for imprinting. MIP-NPs with a size of 65 nm were obtained by solid-phase synthesis and were water-soluble. They were prepared by a judicious combination of multiple functional monomers affording hydrogen bonding, ionic, π-π, and hydrophobic interactions, conferring high affinity and selectivity toward both the cyclic peptide and the whole gp41 protein. These results suggest that our MIPs could potentially be used for blocking the function of the 3S motif on the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing , Shanghai University , 200444 Shanghai , P. R. China
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory , Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 , 60203 Compiègne Cedex , France
| | - Franck Merlier
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory , Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 , 60203 Compiègne Cedex , France
| | - Bérangère Avalle
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory , Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 , 60203 Compiègne Cedex , France
| | - Vincent Vieillard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 6, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris) , Boulevard de l'hôpital , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Patrice Debré
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Paris 6, INSERM U1135, CNRS ERL8255, Centre d'Immunologie et des Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI-Paris) , Boulevard de l'hôpital , 75013 Paris , France
| | - Karsten Haupt
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory , Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 , 60203 Compiègne Cedex , France
| | - Bernadette Tse Sum Bui
- Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne, CNRS Enzyme and Cell Engineering Laboratory , Rue Roger Couttolenc, CS 60319 , 60203 Compiègne Cedex , France
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182
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Yin Y, Fei Q, Liu W, Li Z, Suga H, Wu C. Chemical and Ribosomal Synthesis of Topologically Controlled Bicyclic and Tricyclic Peptide Scaffolds Primed by Selenoether Formation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:4880-4885. [PMID: 30762292 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201813827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Bicyclic and tricyclic peptides have emerged as promising candidates for the development of protein binders and new therapeutics. However, convenient and efficient strategies that can generate topologically controlled bicyclic and tricyclic peptide scaffolds from fully-unprotected peptides are still much in demand, particularly for those amenable to the design of biosynthetic libraries. In this work, we report a reliable chemical and ribosomal synthesis of topologically controlled bicyclic and tricyclic peptide scaffolds. Our strategy involves the combination of selenoether cyclization followed by disulfide or thioether cyclization, yielding desirable bicyclic and tricyclic peptides. This work thus lays the foundation for developing peptide libraries with controlled topology of multicyclic scaffolds for in vitro display techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhen Yin
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Qianran Fei
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Weidong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Zhuoru Li
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hiroaki Suga
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Chuanliu Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis and Instrumentation, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surface, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, P. R. China
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183
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Nara M, Morii H, Shimizu T, Shinomiya H, Furuta Y, Miyazono K, Miyakawa T, Tanokura M. Characterization of the Ca 2+-coordination structures of L- and T-plastins in combination with their synthetic peptide analogs by FTIR spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4217. [PMID: 30862898 PMCID: PMC6414500 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40889-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
FTIR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the coordination structures of divalent cations (M2+ = Ca2+ or Mg2+) bound by L- and T-plastins, which contain two EF-hand motifs. We focused on the N-terminal headpieces in the L- and T-plastins to analyze the regions of COO- stretching and amide-I in solution. The spectral profiles indicated that these headpieces have EF-hand calcium-binding sites because bands at 1551 cm-1 and 1555 cm-1 were observed for the bidentate coordination mode of Glu at the 12th position of the Ca2+-binding site of Ca2+-loaded L-plastin and T-plastin, respectively. The amide-I profile of the Mg2+-loaded L-plastin headpiece was identical with that of the apo L-plastin headpiece, meaning that L-plastin has a lower affinity for Mg2+. The amide-I profiles for apo, Mg2+-loaded and Ca2+-loaded T-plastin suggested that aggregation was generated in protein solution at a concentration of 1 mM. The implications of the FTIR spectral data for these plastin headpieces are discussed on the basis of data obtained for synthetic peptide analogs corresponding to the Ca2+-binding site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nara
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan
| | - Hisayuki Morii
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Chiba, 272-0827, Japan
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimizu
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hiroto Shinomiya
- Department of Medicine, Ehime University, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
- Ehime Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Ehime, 790-0003, Japan
| | - Yuka Furuta
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Kenichi Miyazono
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Takuya Miyakawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
| | - Masaru Tanokura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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184
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Sowinska M, Morawiak M, Bochyńska-Czyż M, Lipkowski AW, Ziemińska E, Zabłocka B, Urbanczyk-Lipkowska Z. Molecular Antioxidant Properties and In Vitro Cell Toxicity of the p-Aminobenzoic Acid (PABA) Functionalized Peptide Dendrimers. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9030089. [PMID: 30841638 PMCID: PMC6468630 DOI: 10.3390/biom9030089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to ozone level and ultraviolet (UV) radiation is one of the major concerns in the context of public health. Numerous studies confirmed that abundant free radicals initiate undesired processes, e.g. carcinogenesis, cells degeneration, etc. Therefore, the design of redox-active molecules with novel structures, containing radical quenchers molecules with novel structures, and understanding their chemistry and biology, might be one of the prospective solutions. Methods: We designed a group of peptide dendrimers carrying multiple copies of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and evaluated their molecular antioxidant properties in 1,1'-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) tests. Cytotoxicity against human melanoma and fibroblast cells as well as against primary cerebral granule cells (CGC) alone and challenged by neurotoxic sodium glutamate and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in presence of dendrimers were measured. Results: PABA-terminated dendrimers express enhanced radical and radical cation scavenging properties in relation to PABA alone. In cellular tests, the dendrimers at 100 M fully suppress and between 20⁻100 M reduce proliferation of the human melanoma cell line. In concentration 20 M dendrimers generate small amount of the reactive oxygen species (<25%) but even in their presence human fibroblast and mouse cerebellar granule cells remain intact Moreover, dendrimers at 0.2⁻20 µM concentration (except one) increased the percentage of viable fibroblasts and CGC cells treated with 100 M glutamate. Conclusions: Designed PABA-functionalized peptide dendrimers might be a potential source of new antioxidants with cationic and neutral radicals scavenging potency and/or new compounds with marked selectivity against human melanoma cell or glutamate-stressed CGC neurons. The scavenging level of dendrimers depends strongly on the chemical structure of dendrimer and the presence of other groups that may be prompted into radical form. The present studies found different biological properties for dendrimers constructed from the same chemical fragments but the differing structure of the dendrimer tree provides once again evidence that the structure of dendrimer can have a significant impact on drug⁻target interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Sowinska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Maja Morawiak
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Bochyńska-Czyż
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Andrzej W Lipkowski
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Elżbieta Ziemińska
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Barbara Zabłocka
- Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland.
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185
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Yousefpour P, Ahn L, Tewksbury J, Saha S, Costa SA, Bellucci JJ, Li X, Chilkoti A. Conjugate of Doxorubicin to Albumin-Binding Peptide Outperforms Aldoxorubicin. Small 2019; 15:e1804452. [PMID: 30756483 PMCID: PMC8114561 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201804452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Short circulation time and off-target toxicity are the main challenges faced by small-molecule chemotherapeutics. To overcome these shortcomings, an albumin-binding peptide conjugate of chemotherapeutics is developed that binds specifically to endogenous albumin and harnesses its favorable pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics for drug delivery to tumors. A protein-G-derived albumin-binding domain (ABD) is conjugated with doxorubicin (Dox) via a pH-sensitive linker. One to two Dox molecules are conjugated to ABD without loss of aqueous solubility. The albumin-binding ABD-Dox conjugate exhibits nanomolar affinity for human and mouse albumin, and upon administration in mice, shows a plasma half-life of 29.4 h, which is close to that of mouse albumin. Additionally, 2 h after administration, ABD-Dox exhibits an approximately 4-fold higher concentration in the tumor than free Dox. Free Dox clears quickly from the tumor, while ABD-Dox maintains a steady concentration in the tumor for at least 72 h, so that its relative accumulation at 72 h is ≈120-fold greater than that of free Dox. The improved pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of ABD-Dox result in enhanced therapeutic efficacy in syngeneic C26 colon carcinoma and MIA PaCa-2 pancreatic tumor xenografts, compared with free Dox and aldoxorubicin, an albumin-reactive Dox prodrug currently in clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Yousefpour
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Lucie Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Joel Tewksbury
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Soumen Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Simone A Costa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Joseph J Bellucci
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Xinghai Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
| | - Ashutosh Chilkoti
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27708, USA
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186
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Tabandeh S, Leon L. Engineering Peptide-Based Polyelectrolyte Complexes with Increased Hydrophobicity. Molecules 2019; 24:E868. [PMID: 30823653 PMCID: PMC6429441 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24050868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte complexation is a versatile platform for the design of self-assembled materials. Here we use rational design to create ionic hydrophobically-patterned peptides that allow us to precisely explore the role of hydrophobicity on electrostatic self-assembly. Polycations and polyanions were designed and synthesized with an alternating sequence of d- and l-chiral patterns of lysine or glutamic acid with either glycine, alanine or leucine due to their increasing hydrophobicity index, respectively. Two motifs were considered for the oppositely charged patterned peptides; one with equal residues of charged and uncharged amino acids and the other with increased charge density. Mass spectroscopy, circular dichroism, H- and F-NMR spectroscopy were used to characterize the polypeptides. Polyelectrolyte complexes (PECs) formed using the sequences were characterized using turbidity measurements, optical microscopy and infrared spectroscopy. Our results show that the critical salt concentration, a key measure of PEC stability, increased with both increasing charge density as well as hydrophobicity. Furthermore, by increasing the hydrophobicity, the amount of PEC formed increased with temperature, contrary to purely ionic PECs. Lastly, we assessed the encapsulation behavior of these materials using a hydrophobic dye. Concluding that encapsulation efficiency increased with hydrophobic content of the complexes providing insight for future work on the application of these materials for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tabandeh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
| | - Lorraine Leon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA.
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32826, USA.
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187
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Lin Y, Penna M, Thomas MR, Wojciechowski JP, Leonardo V, Wang Y, Pashuck ET, Yarovsky I, Stevens MM. Residue-Specific Solvation-Directed Thermodynamic and Kinetic Control over Peptide Self-Assembly with 1D/2D Structure Selection. ACS Nano 2019; 13:1900-1909. [PMID: 30673202 PMCID: PMC6396410 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b08117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the self-organization and structural transformations of molecular ensembles is important to explore the complexity of biological systems. Here, we illustrate the crucial role of cosolvents and solvation effects in thermodynamic and kinetic control over peptide association into ultrathin Janus nanosheets, elongated nanobelts, and amyloid-like fibrils. We gained further insight into the solvation-directed self-assembly (SDSA) by investigating residue-specific peptide solvation using molecular dynamics modeling. We proposed the preferential solvation of the aromatic and alkyl domains on the peptide backbone and protofibril surface, which results in volume exclusion effects and restricts the peptide association between hydrophobic walls. We explored the SDSA phenomenon in a library of cosolvents (protic and aprotic), where less polar cosolvents were found to exert a stronger influence on the energetic balance at play during peptide propagation. By tailoring cosolvent polarity, we were able to achieve precise control of the peptide nanostructures with 1D/2D shape selection. We also illustrated the complexity of the SDSA system with pathway-dependent peptide aggregation, where two self-assembly states ( i.e., thermodynamic equilibrium state and kinetically trapped state) from different sample preparation methods were obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lin
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Penna
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
| | - Michael R. Thomas
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan P. Wojciechowski
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Vincent Leonardo
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Ye Wang
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - E. Thomas Pashuck
- Department
of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, and Institute for Biomedical
Engineering, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Irene Yarovsky
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
- E-mail:
| | - Molly M. Stevens
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3001, Australia
- E-mail:
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188
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Griffith CM, Feceu A, Larive CK, Martin DBC. Synthesis and Structure Reassignment of Malylglutamate, a Recently Discovered Earthworm Metabolite. J Nat Prod 2019; 82:417-421. [PMID: 30735390 PMCID: PMC9040194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Malylglutamate, a newly identified metabolite in earthworms, was synthesized using a traditional peptide coupling approach for assembling the amide from protected malate and glutamate precursors. The proposed structure (1) and a diastereomer were synthesized, but their NMR spectra did not match the natural sample. Further analysis of the natural sample using HMBC spectroscopy suggested an alternative attachment of the malyl moiety, and β-malylglutamate (2) diastereomers were synthesized, L,L-2 and D,D-2. NMR spectra were an excellent match with the natural sample, and chiral-phase chromatography was employed to identify (-)-β-l-malyl-l-glutamate (2) as the isomer native to Eisenia fetida.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey M. Griffith
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Abigail Feceu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Cynthia K. Larive
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - David B. C. Martin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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189
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Huang A, Liu D, Qi X, Yue Z, Cao H, Zhang K, Lei X, Wang Y, Kong D, Gao J, Li Z, Liu N, Wang Y. Self-assembled GFFYK peptide hydrogel enhances the therapeutic efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells in a mouse hindlimb ischemia model. Acta Biomater 2019; 85:94-105. [PMID: 30550934 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation has emerged as a very promising strategy for the treatments of peripheral artery disease (PAD). However, MSC-based therapies are limited by low cell retention and survival rate in the ischemic zone. Small molecular (SM) hydrogels have shown attractive abilities to enhance the therapeutic effects of human MSCs via promoting their proliferation or maintaining their differentiation potential. Here, we designed and synthesized a new bioactive and biocompatible hydrogel, Nap-GFFYK-Thiol, using disulfide bonds as cleavable linkers to control the molecular self-assembly and we hypothesized this hydrogel could enhance the retention and engraftment of human placenta-derived MSCs (hP-MSCs) in a mouse ischemic hindlimb model. In vitro results demonstrated that the Nap-GFFYK-Thiol hydrogel increased cell viability through paracrine effects. Moreover, it enhanced the proangiogenic and anti-apoptotic effects of hP-MSCs. In vivo, Nap-GFFYK-Thiol hydrogel improved the hP-MSC retention in the murine ischemic hindlimb model as visualized by bioluminescence imaging. Furthermore, cotransplantation of hP-MSCs with hydrogel improved blood perfusion, leading to superior limb salvage. These therapeutic effects may attribute to reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, enhanced angiogenesis as well as suppressed collagen deposition. In conclusion, the Nap-GFFYK-Thiol hydrogel fabricated using disulfide bonds as cleavable linkers serves as an artificial niche for promoting hP-MSC survival and proangiogenic factor secretion in PAD therapy and thereby provide an alternative strategy for PAD therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Although several phase I/II clinical trials of MSC-based treatments for critical limb ischemia (CLI) are ongoing, MSC-based therapies are still challenged by the low quality and quantity of cells in the ischemic zone, especially in cases of extensive or irreversible damage. Hydrogels have favorable biocompatibility and safety records in the medical field. In the current study, we engineered a new bioactive and biocompatible hydrogel, Nap-GFFYK-Thiol, using disulfide bonds as cleavable linkers to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of human placenta-derived MSCs (hP-MSCs) in mouse limb ischemia model. Notably, Nap-GFFYK-Thiol hydrogel acts as an artificial niche for promoting hP-MSC survival and proangiogenic factor secretion in PAD therapy, which further promoted the restoration of blood perfusion and regeneration of muscle cells. Considering the proangiogenic effect of Nap-GFFYK-Thiol on hP-MSCs, our results may provide a new strategy for the treatment of PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anan Huang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China; Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Danni Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Xin Qi
- Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin 300121, China.
| | - Zhiwei Yue
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kaiyue Zhang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xudan Lei
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Youzhi Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Deling Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jie Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zongjin Li
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China; The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Na Liu
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China; The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China.
| | - Yuebing Wang
- Nankai University School of Medicine, Tianjin 300071, China; The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, Nankai University, The College of Life Science, Tianjin 300071, China.
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190
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Newton LD, Pascu SI, Tyrrell RM, Eggleston IM. Development of a peptide-based fluorescent probe for biological heme monitoring. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:467-471. [PMID: 30574967 PMCID: PMC6350759 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02290a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Heme plays a vital role in cell biology and dysregulation of heme levels is implicated in a wide range of diseases. However, monitoring heme levels in biological systems is currently not straightforward. A short synthetic peptide probe containing 7-azatryptophan is shown to bind hemin in vitro with quenching of the azatryptophan fluorescence. This chemical tool can be used to detect the change in free heme induced in human skin cells upon exposure to UVA irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D. Newton
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
.
| | - Sofia I. Pascu
- Department of Chemistry
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
| | - Rex M. Tyrrell
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
.
| | - Ian M. Eggleston
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology
, University of Bath
,
Bath BA2 7AY
, UK
.
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191
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Abstract
For over 20 years, native chemical ligation (NCL) has played a pivotal role in enabling total synthesis and semisynthesis of increasingly complex peptide and protein targets. Classical NCL proceeds by chemoselective reaction of two unprotected polypeptide chains in near-neutral-pH, aqueous solution and is made possible by the presence of a thioester moiety on the C-terminus of the N-terminal peptide fragment and a natural cysteine residue on the N-terminus of the C-terminal peptide fragment. The reaction yields an amide bond adjacent to cysteine at the ligation site, furnishing a native protein backbone in a traceless manner. This unit highlights a number of recent and powerful advances in the methodology and outlines their particular uses, facilitating application in the synthesis of challenging protein targets. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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192
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Van Kersavond T, Konopatzki R, Chakrabarty S, Blank-Landeshammer B, Sickmann A, Verhelst SHL. Short Peptides with Uncleavable Peptide Bond Mimetics as Photoactivatable Caspase-3 Inhibitors. Molecules 2019; 24:E206. [PMID: 30626051 PMCID: PMC6337261 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical probes that covalently interact with proteases have found increasing use for the study of protease function and localization. The design and synthesis of such probes is still a bottleneck, as the strategies to target different families are highly diverse. We set out to design and synthesize chemical probes based on protease substrate specificity with inclusion of an uncleavable peptide bond mimic and a photocrosslinker for covalent modification of the protease target. With caspase-3 as a model target protease, we designed reduced amide and triazolo peptides as substrate mimetics, whose sequences can be conveniently constructed by modified solid phase peptide synthesis. We found that these probes inhibited the caspase-3 activity, but did not form a covalent bond. It turned out that the reduced amide mimics, upon irradiation with a benzophenone as photosensitizer, are oxidized and form low concentrations of peptide aldehydes, which then act as inhibitors of caspase-3. This type of photoactivation may be utilized in future photopharmacology experiments to form protease inhibitors at a precise time and location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Van Kersavond
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ISAS, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Raphael Konopatzki
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ISAS, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Suravi Chakrabarty
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | | | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ISAS, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
| | - Steven H L Verhelst
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften ISAS, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6b, 44227 Dortmund, Germany.
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, KU Leuven-University of Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 802, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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193
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Verhoork SJM, Jennings CE, Rozatian N, Reeks J, Meng J, Corlett EK, Bunglawala F, Noble MEM, Leach AG, Coxon CR. Tuning the Binding Affinity and Selectivity of Perfluoroaryl-Stapled Peptides by Cysteine-Editing. Chemistry 2019; 25:177-182. [PMID: 30255959 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A growing number of approaches to "staple" α-helical peptides into a bioactive conformation using cysteine cross-linking are emerging. Here, the replacement of l-cysteine with "cysteine analogues" in combinations of different stereochemistry, side chain length and beta-carbon substitution, is explored to examine the influence that the thiol-containing residue(s) has on target protein binding affinity in a well-explored model system, p53-MDM2/MDMX, which is constituted by the interaction of the tumour suppressor protein p53 and proteins MDM2 and MDMX, which regulate p53 activity. In some cases, replacement of one or more l-cysteine residues afforded significant changes in the measured binding affinity and target selectivity of the peptide. Computationally constructed homology models indicate that some modifications, such as incorporating two d-cysteine residues, favourably alter the positions of key functional amino acid side chains, which is likely to cause changes in binding affinity, in agreement with measured surface plasmon resonance data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanne J M Verhoork
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Claire E Jennings
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Neshat Rozatian
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Judith Reeks
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Jieman Meng
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Emily K Corlett
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Fazila Bunglawala
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Martin E M Noble
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, Newcastle University, Paul O'Gorman Building, Medical School, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Andrew G Leach
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Christopher R Coxon
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom St, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
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194
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Abstract
Proteins containing intrinsic disorder often form secondary structure upon interaction with a binding partner. Modulating such structures presents an approach for manipulating the resultant functional outcomes. Translational repressor protein 4E-BP1 is an example of an intrinsically disordered protein that forms an α-helix upon binding to its protein ligand, eIF4E. Current biophysical methods for analyzing binding-induced structural changes are low-throughput, require large amounts of sample, or are extremely sensitive to signal interference by the ligand itself. Herein, we describe the discovery and development of a conditionally fluorescent 4E-BP1 peptide that reports structural changes of its helix in high-throughput format. This reporter peptide is based on conditional quenching of fluorescein by thioamides. In this case, fluorescence signal increases as the peptide becomes more ordered. Conversely, destabilization of the α-helix results in decreased fluorescence signal. The low concentration and low volume of peptide required make this approach amenable for high-throughput screening to discover ligands that alter peptide secondary structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleta T. Johnson
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (USA),
| | - Tanpreet Kaur
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (USA)
| | - Amanda L. Garner
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan, 210 Washtenaw Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (USA),
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 1600 Huron Parkway, NCRC B520, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (USA)
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195
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Abstract
The implication of several TRP ion channels (e.g., TRPV1) in diverse physiological and pathological processes has signaled them as pivotal drug targets. Consequently, the identification of selective and potent ligands for these channels is of great interest in pharmacology and biomedicine. However, a major challenge in the design of modulators is ensuring the specificity for their intended targets. In recent years, the emergence of high-resolution structures of ion channels facilitates the computer-assisted drug design at molecular levels. Here we describe some computational methods and general protocols to discover channel modulators, including homology modelling, docking and virtual screening, and structure-based peptide design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Nikolaeva Koleva
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
- AntalGenics SL. Ed. Quorum III, University Scientific Park, Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain
| | - Gregorio Fernandez-Ballester
- Instituto de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación en Biotecnología Sanitaria de Elche, Universitas Miguel Hernández, Elche, Spain.
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196
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Abstract
Deiminated proteins are the target of diagnostic anti-citrullinated peptide/protein autoantibodies (ACPA) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Deiminated histone H4 contained in the neutrophil extracellular traps reacts with ACPA, becoming an interesting diagnostic antigen for RA. The identification of the ACPA binding site in histone H4 was performed experimentally by mapping the complete sequence. The method describes the synthesis of an overlapping peptide library covering the entire deiminated sequence of H4 and its further evaluation in ELISA. A detailed description of an ELISA protocol to test RA patients' sera against the synthesized peptides and ACPA is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feliciana Real-Fernández
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nutraceutics, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Paolo Rovero
- Laboratory of Peptide and Protein Chemistry and Biology, Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nutraceutics, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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197
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Abstract
The NADPH oxidase complex, responsible for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by phagocytes, consists of a membrane-associated flavocytochrome b 558 (a heterodimer of NOX2 and p22phox) and the cytosolic components p47phox, p67phox, Rac(1 or 2), and p40phox. NOX2 carries all redox stations through which electrons flow from NADPH to molecular oxygen, to generate the primary ROS, superoxide. For the electron flow to start, a conformational change in NOX2 is required. The dominant hypothesis is that this change is the result of the interaction of NOX2 with one or more of the cytosolic components (NADPH oxidase assembly). At the most basic level, assembly is the sum of several protein-protein interactions among oxidase components. This chapter describes a reductionist approach to the identification of regions in oxidase components involved in assembly. This approach consists of "transforming" one component in an array of overlapping synthetic peptides and assessing binding to the peptides of another component, represented by a recombinant protein. The peptides are tagged with biotin, at the N- or C-terminus, and immobilized on streptavidin-coated 96-well plates. The protein partners are expressed with a 6His tag and added to the plates in the fluid phase. Binding of the protein to the peptides is quantified by a kinetic ELISA , using a peroxidase-conjugated anti-polyhistidine antibody. Protein-peptide binding assays were applied successfully to (a) identifying the binding site on one component (represented by peptides) for another component (proteins), (b) precisely defining the "binding sequence," (c) acquiring information on the binding site in the partner protein, (d) investigating the effect of conformational changes in proteins on binding to peptides, (e) determining the effect of physicochemical modification of peptides on binding of proteins, and (f) identifying epitopes recognized by anti-oxidase component antibodies by binding of antibody to peptide arrays derived from the component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edgar Pick
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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198
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Abstract
Chemical cytometry, sensitive analytical measurements of single cells, reveals inherent heterogeneity of cells within a population which is masked or averaged out when using bulk analysis techniques. A particular challenge of chemical cytometry is the development of a suitable reporter or probe for the desired measurement. These reporters must be sufficiently specific for measuring the desired process; possess a lifetime long enough to accomplish the measurement; and have the ability to be loaded into single cells. This chapter details our approach to rationally design and improve peptide substrates as reporters of enzyme activity utilizing chemical cytometry. This method details the iterative approach used to design, characterize, and identify a peptidase-resistant peptide reporter which acts as a kinase substrate within intact cells. Small-scale, rationally designed peptide libraries are generated to rapidly and economically screen candidate reporter peptides for substrate suitability and peptidase resistance. Also detailed are strategies to characterize and validate the designed reporters by determining kinetic parameters, intracellular substrate specificity, resistance to degradation by intracellular peptidases, and behavior within lysates and intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Proctor
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Qunzhao Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - David S Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Department of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Nancy L Allbritton
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States; Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill; North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
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199
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Wilson CJ, Bommarius AS, Champion JA, Chernoff YO, Lynn DG, Paravastu AK, Liang C, Hsieh MC, Heemstra JM. Biomolecular Assemblies: Moving from Observation to Predictive Design. Chem Rev 2018; 118:11519-11574. [PMID: 30281290 PMCID: PMC6650774 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomolecular assembly is a key driving force in nearly all life processes, providing structure, information storage, and communication within cells and at the whole organism level. These assembly processes rely on precise interactions between functional groups on nucleic acids, proteins, carbohydrates, and small molecules, and can be fine-tuned to span a range of time, length, and complexity scales. Recognizing the power of these motifs, researchers have sought to emulate and engineer biomolecular assemblies in the laboratory, with goals ranging from modulating cellular function to the creation of new polymeric materials. In most cases, engineering efforts are inspired or informed by understanding the structure and properties of naturally occurring assemblies, which has in turn fueled the development of predictive models that enable computational design of novel assemblies. This Review will focus on selected examples of protein assemblies, highlighting the story arc from initial discovery of an assembly, through initial engineering attempts, toward the ultimate goal of predictive design. The aim of this Review is to highlight areas where significant progress has been made, as well as to outline remaining challenges, as solving these challenges will be the key that unlocks the full power of biomolecules for advances in technology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corey J. Wilson
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Andreas S. Bommarius
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Julie A. Champion
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Yury O. Chernoff
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology & Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - David G. Lynn
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Anant K. Paravastu
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Ming-Chien Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jennifer M. Heemstra
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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200
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Zheng Y, Tong Y, Wang X, Zhou J, Pang J. Studies on the Design and Synthesis of Marine Peptide Analogues and Their Ability to Promote Proliferation in HUVECs and Zebrafish. Molecules 2018; 24:molecules24010066. [PMID: 30585208 PMCID: PMC6337321 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In our previous studies, tripeptide 1 was found to induce angiogenesis in zebrafish embryos and in HUVECs. Based on the lead compound 1, seven new marine tripeptide analogues 2–8 have been designed and synthesized in this paper to evaluate the effects on promoting cellular proliferation in human endothelial cells (HUVECs) and zebrafish. Among them, compounds 5–7 possessed more remarkable increasing proliferation effects than other compounds, and the EC50 values of these and the leading compound 1 were 1.0 ± 0.002 μM, 1.0 ± 0.0005 μM, 0.88 ± 0.0972 μM, and 1.31 ± 0.0926 μM, respectively. Furthermore, 5–7 could enhance migrations (58.5%, 80.66% and 60.71% increment after culturing 48 h, respectively) and invasions (49.08%, 47.24% and 56.24% increase, respectively) in HUVECs compared with the vehicle control. The results revealed that the tripeptide including l-Tyrosine or d-Proline fragments instead of l-Alanine of leading compound 1 would contribute to HUVECs’ proliferation. Taking the place of the original (l-Lys-l-Ala) segment of leading compound 1, a new fragment (l-Arg-d-Val) expressed higher performance in bioactivity in HUVECs. In addition, compound 7 could promote angiogenesis in zebrafish assay and it was more interesting that it also could repair damaged blood vessels in PTK787-induced zebrafish at a low concentration. The above data indicate that these peptides have potential implications for further evaluation in cytothesis studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinglin Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yichen Tong
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Xinfeng Wang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Jiebin Zhou
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Jiyan Pang
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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