201
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Hartley-Brown M, Cole CE, Price P, Andreini M, Mulligan G, Young AQ, Cho HJ. Creating Equitable and Inclusive Clinical Trials for Multiple Myeloma. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2024; 24:32-39. [PMID: 37783639 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Black and Latino/Hispanic populations are disproportionately impacted by multiple myeloma (MM) in the United States and are underrepresented in many clinical trials. The Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation sponsored a 1-day workshop of 46 experts spanning the ecosystem of MM research and care, including government, academia, nonprofits, pharma/biotech, community partners, and retail pharmacy. Specific, tangible steps to overcome the well-documented barriers to improving the diversity and inclusivity of clinical trials were discussed, including broadening inclusion/exclusion criteria, reducing the financial and other burdens of trial participants, selecting diverse study sites, including implicit bias training, and taking steps to empower patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Craig E Cole
- Michigan State University-Karmanos Cancer Institute, Lansing, MI
| | | | | | | | | | - Hearn Jay Cho
- Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation, Norwalk, CT; Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
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202
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Saunders A, Slaff S, Subbiah K, Gu T, Ang KK, Quan MA, Rosenberg AS. Clinical characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes among African American and White patients with multiple myeloma in the United States. Leuk Lymphoma 2024; 65:109-117. [PMID: 37917858 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2273746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is more common among Black/African American (AA) patients than White patients, but survival rate improvements are less pronounced for AA patients. This study evaluated treatment patterns and survival among 1810 AA and 5904 White adults in the United States with ≥1 MM treatment and ≥3 months of follow-up. Median time from diagnosis to systemic treatment was longer (37 [0-3053] vs. 35 [0-3664] days) and median time to stem cell transplant (SCT) was longer for AA than White patients (255 [1-2352] vs. 225 [1-3094] days), and AA patients were less likely to receive SCT (odds ratio [OR]: 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.58-0.76). Despite disparities in treatment between AA and White patients, AA patients demonstrated lower risk of death (OR: 0.89; 95% CI: 0.81-0.96). These data highlight the value of equal access to care for the improvement of health outcomes in underserved populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tao Gu
- Bristol Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Kwan-Keat Ang
- University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | | | - Aaron Seth Rosenberg
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Division of Malignant Hematology, Cellular Therapy & Transplantation, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, USA
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203
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Guan L, Su W, Zhong J, Qiu L. M-protein detection by mass spectrometry for minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117623. [PMID: 37924928 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by excessive production of monoclonal immunoglobulins (M proteins). Routine screening methods for M proteins to assess prognosis are unable to detect low levels of M proteins produced by residual tumor cells, ie, minimal residual disease (MRD). Assessment of MRD can be conducted by examining residual tumor cells in bone marrow or circulating M proteins. Advances in mass spectrometry have enabled reliable and highly sensitive detection of low abundance serum biomarkers making it a viable and significantly less invasive approach. Mass spectrometry can achieve dynamic monitoring of MRD and identify therapeutic monoclonal antibodies as well as oligoclonal proteins. In this review we summarize mass spectrometry methods in M protein detection and their applications of MRD detection in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Guan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Wei Su
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Jian Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China
| | - Ling Qiu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing 100730, PR China.
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204
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Patel S, McDonald JI, Mohammed H, Parthasarathy V, Hernandez V, Stuckey T, Lin AH, Gundimeda SK, Lin B, Reading J, Chan LLY. Development of a high-throughput image cytometric screening method as a research tool for immunophenotypic characterization of patient samples from clinical studies. J Immunol Methods 2024; 524:113587. [PMID: 38040192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2023.113587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Immunophenotyping has been the primary assay for characterization of immune cells from patients undergoing therapeutic treatments in clinical research, which is critical for understanding disease progression and treatment efficacy. Currently, flow cytometry has been the dominant methodology for characterizing surface marker expression for immunological research. Flow cytometry has been proven to be an effective and efficient method for immunophenotyping, however, it requires highly trained users and a large time commitment. Recently, a novel image cytometry system (Cellaca® PLX Image Cytometer, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA) has been developed as a complementary method to flow cytometry for performing rapid and high-throughput immunophenotyping. In this work, we demonstrated an image cytometric screening method to characterize immune cell populations, streamlining the analysis of routine surface marker panels. The T cell, B cell, NK cell, and monocyte populations of 46 primary PBMC samples from subjects enrolled in autoimmune and oncological disease study cohorts were analyzed with two optimized immunophenotyping staining kits: Panel 1 (CD3, CD56, CD14) and Panel 2 (CD3, CD56, CD19). We validated the proposed image cytometry method by comparing the Cellaca® PLX and the AuroraTM flow cytometer (Cytek Biosciences, Fremont, CA). The image cytometry system was employed to generate bright field and fluorescent images, as well as scatter plots for multiple patient PBMC samples. In addition, the image cytometry method can directly determine cell concentrations for downstream assays. The results demonstrated comparable CD3, CD14, CD19, and CD56 cell populations from the primary PBMC samples, which showed an average of 5% differences between flow and image cytometry. The proposed image cytometry method provides a novel research tool to potentially streamline immunophenotyping workflow for characterizing patient samples in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Patel
- Department of Advanced Technology R&D, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA 01843, USA
| | - James I McDonald
- Department of Advanced Technology R&D, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA 01843, USA
| | - Hamza Mohammed
- Department of Advanced Technology R&D, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA 01843, USA
| | | | - Veronica Hernandez
- Allen Institute for Immunology, 615 Westlake Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Tyanna Stuckey
- Allen Institute for Immunology, 615 Westlake Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Allen H Lin
- Department of Advanced Technology R&D, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA 01843, USA
| | | | - Bo Lin
- Department of Advanced Technology R&D, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA 01843, USA
| | - Julian Reading
- Allen Institute for Immunology, 615 Westlake Avenue N, Seattle, WA 98109, USA
| | - Leo Li-Ying Chan
- Department of Advanced Technology R&D, Revvity Health Sciences, Inc., Lawrence, MA 01843, USA.
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205
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Shirkande AS, Shirkande AA, Changade J, Tondon V. An ayurvedic evaluation & treatment of multiple myeloma: A case report. J Ayurveda Integr Med 2024; 15:100865. [PMID: 38266538 PMCID: PMC10835448 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2023.100865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This case report discusses the management of multiple myeloma in a 59-year-old male patient through an integrative approach of Ayurvedic and conventional medical care. The patient presented with symptoms of pain in ribs, fatigue, nausea, weight loss, and mental stress. After undergoing chemotherapy and steroid therapy, the patient opted for Ayurvedic treatment instead of a recommended bone marrow transplant. Ayurvedic examination revealed imbalances in Vata and Pitta doshas, affecting various body tissues and mental state. The Ayurvedic regimen led to the recovery of the patient without adverse effects. This case highlights the role of Ayurvedic medication in managing multiple myeloma, warranting further research and clinical trials for broader validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijeet Sarjerao Shirkande
- Department of Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Materia Medica & Pharmacology), Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Ayurved & Research Center, Pimpri, Pune of Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Pune, India; Shree VishwAngad Ayurved, Panchakarma, Yoga Clinic & Research Center, Sahakar Nagar, Pune, India.
| | - Ankita Abhijeet Shirkande
- Department of Rasa Shastra and Bhaishajya Kalpana (Ayurvedic Iatrochemistry & Pharmaceuticals Science), Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Ayurved & Research Center, Pimpri, Pune of Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Pune, India; Shree VishwAngad Ayurved, Panchakarma, Yoga Clinic & Research Center, Sahakar Nagar, Pune, India.
| | - Jayashree Changade
- Department of Dravyaguna (Ayurvedic Materia Medica & Pharmacology), Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Ayurved & Research Center, Pimpri, Pune of Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Pune, India
| | - Vaishanvi Tondon
- Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Ayurved & Research Center, Pimpri, Pune of Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University) Pune, India
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206
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Bilgihan MT, Eryigit AN, Ciftciler R. Efficacy and Safety of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Hematologic Malignancies. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2024; 24:23-31. [PMID: 37863681 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has led to a dramatic paradigm shift within the landscape of cancer treatment, igniting significant interest in their potential application in treating hematologic malignancies. This comprehensive review critically has examined the existing body of literature to shed light on the evolving understanding of the efficacy and safety of ICIs, both as a single agent and in combination regimens in hematologic malignancies. Across distinct lymphoma subtypes, the observed treatment responses exhibit diversity, and conflicts. Notably, Hodgkin lymphoma and certain non-Hodgkin lymphomas such as primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma, emerge as remarkable cases, showing encouraging response rates and outcomes. However, the efficacy of ICIs reveals variations among subtypes such as chronic lymphocytic leukemia and multiple myeloma. Combination therapies consistently demonstrated superior outcomes compared to monotherapy in several malignancies. While the potential benefits of ICIs in hematologic malignancies are evident, the safety profile warrants careful consideration. Immune-related and other adverse events, though generally tolerable and manageable, highlight the necessity of meticulous monitoring and appropriate intervention. The discussions prompted by these findings underscore the need for tailored treatment approaches, driven by disease subtype, patient characteristics, and potential biomarkers. Moreover, the emerging realm of combination therapies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors holds promise for enhanced treatment outcomes, and ongoing research endeavors aim to unravel the optimal strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rafiye Ciftciler
- Department of Hematology, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
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207
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Muccio S, Hirtz C, Descloux S, Fedeli O, Macé S, Lehmann S, Vialaret J. A sensitive high-resolution mass spectrometry method for quantifying intact M-protein light chains in patients with multiple myeloma. Clin Chim Acta 2024; 552:117634. [PMID: 37980975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2023.117634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
To determine the disease status and the response to treatment for patients with multiple myeloma, measuring serum M-protein levels is a widely used alternative to invasive punctures to count malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. However, the quantification of this monoclonal antibody, which varies from patient to patient, poses significant analytical challenges. This paper describes a sensitive and specific mass spectrometry assay that addresses two objectives: to overcome the potential interference of biotherapeutics in the measurement of M-proteins, and to determine the depth of response to treatment by assessing minimal residual disease. After immunocapture of immunoglobulins and free light chains in serum, heavy and light chains were dissociated by chemical reduction and separated by liquid chromatography. M-proteins were analyzed by high-resolution mass spectrometry using a method combining a full MS scan for isotyping and identification and a targeted single ion monitoring scan for quantification. This method was able to discriminate M-protein from the therapeutic antibody in all patient samples analyzed and allowed quantification of M-protein with a LLOQ of 2.0 to 3.5 µg/ml in 5 out of 6 patients. This methodology appears to be promising for assessing minimal residual disease with sufficient sensitivity, specificity, and throughput.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphane Muccio
- Sanofi, TMED-BCB, 371 rue du Professeur Blayac, 34184 Montpellier, France.
| | - Christophe Hirtz
- Montpellier Univ, IRMB CHU, INM INSERM, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Descloux
- Sanofi, TMED-BCB, 371 rue du Professeur Blayac, 34184 Montpellier, France
| | - Olivier Fedeli
- Sanofi, TMED-BCB, 371 rue du Professeur Blayac, 34184 Montpellier, France
| | - Sandrine Macé
- Sanofi, TMED-PMO, 1 avenue Pierre Brossolette, 91385 Chilly-Mazarin, France
| | - Sylvain Lehmann
- Montpellier Univ, IRMB CHU, INM INSERM, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - Jérôme Vialaret
- Montpellier Univ, IRMB CHU, INM INSERM, 80 avenue Augustin Fliche, 34295 Montpellier, France
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208
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Yamamoto C, Minakata D, Yokoyama D, Furuki S, Noguchi A, Koyama S, Oyama T, Murahashi R, Nakashima H, Ikeda T, Kawaguchi SI, Hyodo K, Toda Y, Ito S, Nagayama T, Umino K, Morita K, Ashizawa M, Ueda M, Hatano K, Sato K, Ohmine K, Fujiwara SI, Kanda Y. Cost-Effectiveness of Anti-BCMA Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Therapy in Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma. Transplant Cell Ther 2024; 30:118.e1-118.e15. [PMID: 37802181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Despite its promising outcomes, anti-BCMA chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy (CAR-T) is the most expensive myeloma treatment developed to date, and its cost-effectiveness is an important issue. This study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of anti-BCMA CAR-T compared to standard antimyeloma therapy in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma. The model included myeloma patients in Japan and the United States who have received ≥3 prior lines of antimyeloma therapy, including immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors, and anti-CD38 monoclonal antibodies. A Markov model was constructed to compare the CAR-T strategy, in which patients receive either idecabtagene vicleucel (ide-cel) or ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) followed by 3 lines of multiagent chemotherapy after relapse, and the no CAR-T strategy, in which patients receive only chemotherapy. Data from the LocoMMotion, KarMMa, and CARTITUDE-1 trials were extracted. Several assumptions were made regarding long-term progression-free survival (PFS) with CAR-T. Extensive scenario analyses were made regarding regimens for no CAR-T strategies. The outcome was an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) with willingness-to-pay thresholds of ¥7,500,000 in Japan and $150,000 in the United States. When a 5-year PFS of 40% with cilta-cel was assumed, the ICER of the CAR-T strategy versus the no CAR-T strategy was ¥7,603,823 per QALY in Japan and $112,191 per QALY in the United States over a 10-year time horizon. When a 5-year PFS of 15% with ide-cel was assumed, the ICER was ¥20,388,711 per QALY in Japan and $261,678 per QALY in the United States over a 10-year time horizon. The results were highly dependent on the PFS assumption with CAR-T and were robust to changes in most other parameters and scenarios. Although anti-BCMA CAR-T can be cost-effective even under current pricing, a high long-term PFS is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Yamamoto
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Daisuke Minakata
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Daizo Yokoyama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shuka Furuki
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Atsuto Noguchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Koyama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Oyama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Rui Murahashi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Nakashima
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Kawaguchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hyodo
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yumiko Toda
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shoko Ito
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Takashi Nagayama
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kento Umino
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kaoru Morita
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masahiro Ashizawa
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Masuzu Ueda
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kaoru Hatano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuya Sato
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Ken Ohmine
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichiro Fujiwara
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan; Division of Cell Transplantation and Transfusion, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Kanda
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Tochigi, Japan.
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209
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Dawd D, Kapur S, Kotchetkov R. Isolated Non-Secretory Extramedullary Relapse of Multiple Myeloma Responded Completely to Localized Radiotherapy. Case Rep Oncol 2024; 17:423-429. [PMID: 38444889 PMCID: PMC10914379 DOI: 10.1159/000536675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Non-secretory multiple myeloma (NSMM) is a rare form of multiple myeloma (MM) that is often difficult to detect and has not yet been well characterized. This is due to the lack of production or the presence of monoclonal protein (MP) levels below levels detectable by testing such as serum/urine electrophoresis and immunofixation. Case Presentation Two patients of ours were being treated for MM with typical courses of systemic therapy. By the third-line therapy, both developed an extramedullary mass, one in the pelvis and the other in the neck. In both cases, blood work showed no measurable MP, normal free light chain levels, and unremarkable skeletal surveys. Secondary malignancies were suspected due to the clinical presentation in each case, and biopsies confirmed the presence of non-secretory plasmacytomas. Both patients were only treated with localized radiotherapy with a total dose of 2,000 cGy in 5 fractions over 1 week. Ultimately, this resolved the original masses with no residual tumors. No changes had to be made to their systemic therapies, and both patients remained stable. Conclusion NSMM relapse is not unusual and should be suspected in patients with relapsed refractory disease. Relapse should be confirmed by a tissue biopsy, and secondary malignancies should be ruled out. Radiotherapy is an excellent option to treat localized relapse and preserve the current line of systemic anti-myeloma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Dawd
- Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Shiv Kapur
- Department of Pathology, Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre, Barrie, ON, Canada
| | - Rouslan Kotchetkov
- Department of Oncology, Royal Victoria Regional Health Centre, Barrie, ON, Canada
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210
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Mousavizadeh Ahmadabadi SM, Banar S, Parvas E, Shahbazi N, Biranvand H. Uncommon manifestation of multiple myeloma: A case report of intracardiac plasmacytoma presenting with severe heart failure and bilateral pleural effusion. Int J Surg Case Rep 2024; 114:109187. [PMID: 38160518 PMCID: PMC10800586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2023.109187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE Extramedullary intracardiac plasmacytoma is a rare type of plasma cell neoplasm that involves the heart. This article presents a case report of a patient with this condition and describes the surgical management of the disease. CASE PRESENTATION The patient was a 65-year-old male with a history of multiple myeloma in remission for two years who presented with shortness of breath and chest pain. Imaging studies revealed a mass in the right atrium of the heart, which was confirmed to be extramedullary intracardiac plasmacytoma on biopsy. The patient underwent surgical resection of the mass. CLINICAL DISCUSSION Extramedullary intracardiac plasmacytoma is a rare condition that can occur in patients with multiple myeloma. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment are crucial for improving the prognosis of affected individuals. Surgical resection may be a viable treatment option for some patients. CONCLUSION This case report highlights the potential risks and complications associated with surgical intervention in patients with extramedullary intracardiac plasmacytoma. Further research is needed to determine the best treatment approach for this rare condition and to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Mohammadali Mousavizadeh Ahmadabadi
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Shahid Rajaei Research & Training Hospital, Next to Mellat Park, Vali-Asr Ave, Tehran Postal code: 1995614331, Iran
| | - Sepideh Banar
- Heart Valve Disease Research Center, Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Shahid Rajaei Research & Training Hospital, Next to Mellat Park, Vali-Asr Ave, Tehran Postal code: 1995614331, Iran
| | - Ehsan Parvas
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Heart Center, North Kargar Ave, Tehran Postal code: 1431715673, Iran
| | - Narges Shahbazi
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Heart Center, North Kargar Ave, Tehran Postal code: 1431715673, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Biranvand
- Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran Heart Center, North Kargar Ave, Tehran Postal code: 1431715673, Iran.
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211
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Onishi A, Matsumura-Kimoto Y, Mizutani S, Isa R, Fujino T, Tsukamoto T, Miyashita A, Okumura K, Nishiyama D, Hirakawa K, Shimura K, Kaneko H, Kiyota M, Kawata E, Takahashi R, Kobayashi T, Uchiyama H, Uoshima N, Nukui Y, Shimura Y, Inaba T, Kuroda J. Negative impact of immunoparesis in response to anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination of patients with multiple myeloma. Int J Hematol 2024; 119:50-61. [PMID: 38082201 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-023-03680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma reduces cellular and humoral immunity. Optimal prediction of antibody response to anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine in patients with MM and related disorders is essential to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. This study analyzed the humoral response to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) vaccine and its associated factor in 83 patients from June to November 2021 at seven member institutions of the Kyoto Clinical Hematology Study Group. SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) was measured from 12 to 210 days. The result revealed that 40 (48.2%) patients with MM and 59 (100%) healthy controls became seropositive after vaccination. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis identified serum immunoglobulin (Ig) M of > 18 mg/dL at vaccination as the optimal threshold level associated with seropositivity in the whole cohort. Moreover, the multivariate analysis identified serum IgM of > 18 mg/dL as the independent predictor for a favorable response. Serum IgA level was positively associated with vaccine response in a sub-cohort. Our findings indicate a significant association between immunoparesis and impaired humoral response against mRNA vaccination, including that against SARS-CoV-2, and that serum non-M-protein Ig levels can serve as surrogate biomarkers of nAb production ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akio Onishi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Yayoi Matsumura-Kimoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Japan Community Health Care Organization Kyoto Kuramaguchi Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Mizutani
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Reiko Isa
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Takahiro Fujino
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Taku Tsukamoto
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Akihiro Miyashita
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Keita Okumura
- Faculty of Clinical Laboratory, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daichi Nishiyama
- Department of Hematology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Fukuchiyama, Japan
| | - Koichi Hirakawa
- Department of Hematology, Fukuchiyama City Hospital, Fukuchiyama, Japan
| | - Kazuho Shimura
- Department of Hematology, Aiseikai Yamashina Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroto Kaneko
- Department of Hematology, Aiseikai Yamashina Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Miki Kiyota
- Department of Hematology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Eri Kawata
- Department of Hematology, Matsushita Memorial Hospital, Moriguchi, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Takahashi
- Department of Hematology, Omihachiman Community Medical Center, Omihachiman, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kobayashi
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hitoji Uchiyama
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daiichi Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Uoshima
- Department of Hematology, Japanese Red Cross Kyoto Daini Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yoko Nukui
- Division of Infection Control & Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuji Shimura
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan
| | - Tohru Inaba
- Faculty of Clinical Laboratory, University Hospital, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Division of Infection Control & Molecular Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Junya Kuroda
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-Cho, Kamigyo-Ku, Kyoto, 602-8566, Japan.
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Chung H, Cho H. Recent advances in cellular immunotherapy for lymphoid malignancies. Blood Res 2023; 58:166-172. [PMID: 37964655 PMCID: PMC10758636 DOI: 10.5045/br.2023.2023177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular immunotherapy with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells has revolutionized the treatment of lymphoid malignancies. This review addresses the need for CAR expression in our endogenous T-cells to kill tumor cells with a focus on the basic principles of T-cell receptor recognition of major histocompatibility complex-peptide complexes. We review the factors associated with CAR T-cell outcomes and recent efforts to employ CAR T-cells in earlier lines of therapy. We also discuss the value of bispecific T-cell engagers as off-the-shelf products with better toxicity profiles. Finally, natural killer cells are discussed as an important cellular immunotherapy platform with the potential to broaden immunotherapeutic applications beyond lymphoid malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haerim Chung
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyunsoo Cho
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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ZHAO JIE, YANG XUANTAO, ZHANG HAIXI, GU XUEZHONG. Identification of TNFRSF1A as a novel regulator of carfilzomib resistance in multiple myeloma. Oncol Res 2023; 32:325-337. [PMID: 38186567 PMCID: PMC10765120 DOI: 10.32604/or.2023.030770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological tumor with high mortality and recurrence rate. Carfilzomib is a new-generation proteasome inhibitor that is used as the first-line therapy for MM. However, the development of drug resistance is a pervasive obstacle to treating MM. Therefore, elucidating the drug resistance mechanisms is conducive to the formulation of novel therapeutic therapies. To elucidate the mechanisms of carfilzomib resistance, we retrieved the GSE78069 microarray dataset containing carfilzomib-resistant LP-1 MM cells and parental MM cells. Differential gene expression analyses revealed major alterations in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and cell adhesion molecules. The upregulation of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) receptor superfamily member 1A (TNFRSF1A) gene was accompanied by the downregulation of MHC genes and cell adhesion molecules. Furthermore, to investigate the roles of these genes, we established a carfilzomib-resistant cell model and observed that carfilzomib resistance induced TNFRSF1A overexpression and TNFRSF1A silencing reversed carfilzomib resistance and reactivated the expression of cell adhesion molecules. Furthermore, TNFRSF1A silencing suppressed the tumorigenesis of MM cells in immunocompetent mice, indicating that TNFRSF1A may lead to carfilzomib resistance by dampening antitumor immunity. Furthermore, our results indicated that TNFRSF1A overexpression conferred carfilzomib resistance in MM cells and suppressed the expression of MHC genes and cell adhesion molecules. The suppression of MHC genes and cell adhesion molecules may impair the interaction between immune cells and cancer cells to impair antitumor immunity. Future studies are warranted to further investigate the signaling pathway underlying the regulatory role of TNFRSF1A in MM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- JIE ZHAO
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Yunnan Province Clinical Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - XUANTAO YANG
- Department of Pathology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - HAIXI ZHANG
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Yunnan Province Clinical Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, 650032, China
| | - XUEZHONG GU
- Department of Hematology, The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Province Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Disease, Yunnan Province Clinical Center for Hematologic Disease, Kunming, 650032, China
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van Lanen RH, Huijs SM, Postma AA, Haeren RH. Cerebral tumor with hemi-dural enhancement as unique presentation of multiple myeloma: A case report. Brain Spine 2023; 4:102730. [PMID: 38510597 PMCID: PMC10951707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bas.2023.102730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Intracranial multiple myeloma (MM) is a rare manifestation of MM, a malignant plasma cell disorder that primarily affects bone marrow. Dural involvement in MM is even rarer and can manifest as a dural mass. We present a case of MM presenting as an intracranial dural tumor with primary hemi-dural involvement. Research question This case report aims to investigate the clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges, and treatment approaches for intracranial multiple myeloma, with a focus on the extensive hemi-dural thickening and enhancement seen in this case. Material and methods A 73-year-old male presented with progressive dysphasia and weakness. MRI revealed a solid left frontal mass with significant mass-effect. Hemi-dural thickening and enhancement was present along with invasion of the skull. The patient underwent surgical resection of the tumor with dural and bone reconstruction. Results Histopathological examination confirmed MM diagnosis. Chemotherapy was started. Follow-up MRI showed complete tumor resection, but extensive hemi-dural thickening and enhancement persisted. Postoperative radiation therapy was considered. Discussion and conclusion MM with primary dural involvement is rare and poses diagnostic challenges. Postoperative treatment involves chemotherapy, the role of surgery and radiotherapy is not established. The extensive hemi-dural thickening and enhancement observed in this case require further investigation, and a wait-and-scan policy was recommended instead of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick H.G.J. van Lanen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Sandra M.H. Huijs
- Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Alida A. Postma
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Roel H.L. Haeren
- Department of Neurosurgery, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- School for Mental Health and Neuroscience (MHeNs), Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
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Khan WJ, Ali M, Hashim S, Nawaz H, Hashim SN, Safi D, Inayat A. Use of venetoclax in t(11;14) positive relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma: A systematic review. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2023:10781552231218999. [PMID: 38113108 DOI: 10.1177/10781552231218999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The plasma cell malignancy, multiple myeloma (MM), remains incurable despite advanced treatment protocols. Overexpression of Bcl-2 (an anti-apoptotic protein), in MM harboring the translocation (11;14), contributes to resistance to prior therapy. Venetoclax, a selective oral inhibitor of BCL-2 is a novel agent that shows promise as a therapeutic agent. AIMS The objective of this systematic review is to address how the use of venetoclax, alone or as a combination regimen, contributed to the treatment of patients with t(11:14) positive relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). DATA SOURCES This systematic review was conducted in accordance to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and was done on 5th June 2022. A literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus, 145 articles were screened and 10 studies were included. Risk of bias assessment was performed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) criteria. DATA SUMMARY Across the studies reviewed, a total of 311 patients were identified with t(11;14) positive RRMM. The overall response rate achieved ranged between 33% and 95.5%. Furthermore, the use of venetoclax has exhibited a favorable adverse effect profile. Side effects included hematological side effects, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. CONCLUSION Venetoclax demonstrates promising results. When given with drugs like dexamethasone, daratumumab and carfilzomib, a synergistic effect is seen in treating translocation (11:14) positive relapsed/refractory MM. The use of venetoclax in clinical practice can potentially improve outcomes and quality of life in RRMM patients, and future research should continue to explore this promising treatment option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardah Javed Khan
- Demonstrator (Teaching Faculty) Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Mubeen Ali
- Demonstrator (Teaching Faculty) Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Sana Hashim
- Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Huma Nawaz
- Demonstrator (Teaching Faculty) Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Northwest School of Medicine, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | | | - Danish Safi
- Hematology and Oncology, West Virginia University Cancer Center, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Arslan Inayat
- Internal Medicine, HSHS St Mary's Hospital, Decatur, IL, USA
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Park B, Lee E, Yoon J, Park Y, Eom HS. Secondary Malignancies in Multiple Myeloma in Korean Patients: A Nationwide Population-Based Study. Cancer Res Treat 2023:crt.2023.843. [PMID: 38147819 DOI: 10.4143/crt.2023.843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study investigated the incidence of secondary malignancy in multiple myeloma (MM) patients compared with that in the general population using a population-based database covering all residents in Korea. Materials and Methods Based on the national health insurance system in Korea, all people primarily diagnosed with MM between January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2018 were identified. A total of 9,985 MM patients aged ≥20 years in Korea were included. Results Among them, 237 (2.4%) developed secondary malignancies by 2018. The standardized incidence rates (SIRs) of all secondary malignancies in MM patients were 0.87 (95% confidence interval [CI]=0.76-0.98), with a higher incidence of hematologic malignancies than in the general population with an SIR of 3.80 (95% CI=2.61-5.00). The incidence rates of both lymphoid malignancy (SIR=3.56; 95% CI=2.31-4.82) and myeloid malignancy (SIR=3.78; 95% CI=1.16-6.39) were higher in MM patients than in the general population. In contrast, a lower incidence of solid cancer was observed in MM patients than in the general population (SIR=0.76, 95% CI=0.65-0.86). There was no significant difference in survival in MM patients without secondary malignancies, with hematologic malignancy, and with solid cancer (p-value=0.413). Conclusion MM patients had a greater risk of secondary malignancies, especially hematologic malignancies, than the general population. Future studies with a focus on analyzing patients' history, treatment details, and genetic information in various stages of MM patients are needed to better understand the mechanism behind this increased risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyoung Park
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Hanyang Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eunyoung Lee
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Junghyun Yoon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Hyeon-Seok Eom
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Center for Hematologic Malignancy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
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Orzechowski M, Kowal P, Ratajczyk K, Borucki M, Blaszczyszyn K. Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of the Penis as a First Manifestation of Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report. Urol Int 2023; 108:168-171. [PMID: 38109872 DOI: 10.1159/000535870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Plasmacytoma is a rare plasma-cell neoplasm, which includes bone and extramedullary types. While most cases occur in the head and neck, our report presents an unusual case of extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) in the penis, emphasizing the diverse locations of this condition. CASE PRESENTATION An 88-year-old man, post-hydrocelectomy, presented with a palpable penile mass causing urinary symptoms. CT scans revealed a tumor with extracapsular spread and potential urethral involvement. Biopsy confirmed lymphoma, later identified as extramedullary plasmacytoma. A follow-up whole-body CT scan was performed, revealing multiple areas of bone rarefaction of the dens of the axis. His diagnosis has been further specified as multiple myeloma. Treatment with lenalidomide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone led to significant penile tumor reduction and improved voiding symptoms after three cycles. CONCLUSION A rare case of primary EMP in the penis is reported, with only two documented cases of EMP in this location. The etiology of EMP remains unclear, possibly linked to chronic infection, irritation, or inflammation. EMP typically occurs in soft tissues, commonly in the head and neck, presenting as submucosal masses with symptoms in individuals aged 50-70. Diagnosis requires demonstrating monoclonal plasma cell infiltration and excluding multiple myeloma. While EMPs are often treated with radiotherapy, a patient with bone rarefaction suggestive of multiple myeloma requires first-line chemotherapy. This case highlights the importance of recognizing myeloma-defining events for appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Orzechowski
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Voivodeship Specialist Hospital, Research and Development Facility in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paweł Kowal
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Voivodeship Specialist Hospital, Research and Development Facility in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Ratajczyk
- Department of Urology and Oncological Urology, Voivodeship Specialist Hospital, Research and Development Facility in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Michal Borucki
- Department of Hematology, Regional Specialist Hospital in Walbrzych, Walbrzych, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Blaszczyszyn
- Department of Surgery and Oncological Surgery, University Hospital in Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
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Li Y, Liu J, Huang B, Chen M, Gu J, Li J. Prolonged infusion time of cyclophosphamide plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) as a mobilization regimen may improve mobilization efficiency in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients: a single center experience. Ann Med 2023; 55:2289603. [PMID: 38104533 PMCID: PMC10732221 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2289603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to clarify the effectiveness and safety of two different infusion durations of cyclophosphamide (CTX) plus granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM). METHODS One hundred and fifty-six consecutive NDMM patients receiving CTX plus G-CSF mobilization and autologous stem cell transplantation during the period of September 2008 to May 2020 were selected for retrospective analysis. According to differences in prolonged infusion time of CTX, they were divided into a 24-h group (24-h continuous infusion) and a control group (4-6 h of infusion). Mobilization and safety of infusion were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to detect the peripheral blood CD34+ cell count. Multivariate analysis was performed to determine the factors influencing the number of CD34+ cells. RESULTS The mean CD34+ cell counts collected in 24-h and control groups were 6.78 (interquartile range [IQR] 3.59-11.69) and 4.48 (IQR 2.39-6.30) ×106/kg, respectively (p < 0.001). Meanwhile, the target number of CD34+ cells/kg (defined as ≥4 × 106/kg) was collected from 51 (75%) of cases in 24-h group vs. 45 (51%) in the control group (p = 0.002). Multivariate analysis identified the independence of CTX infusion time as a factor influencing the target number of CD34+ cells/kg [odds ratio OR, 4.045; 95% CI: 1.630-10.038, p = 0.003]. The post-transplantation time to neutrophil engraftment was 10 (IQR 9-11) in 24-h group and 11 (IQR 10-12) in control group (p < 0.001). Finally, no statistical differences were identified between groups in terms of hematologic and non-hematologic toxicities. CONCLUSIONS For patients with NDMM, 24-h continuous infusion of CTX plus G-CSF contributes to improved mobilization efficiency and equivalent toxicity as a stem cell mobilization regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjuan Li
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junru Liu
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Beihui Huang
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meilan Chen
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingli Gu
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Haematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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da Costa IHF, de Pádua CAM, de Miranda Drummond PL, Silveira LP, Malta JS, Dos Santos RMM, Reis AMM. Incidence of thromboembolism and associated factors in multiple myeloma patients treated with immunomodulatory drugs: a retrospective analysis in Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Support Care Cancer 2023; 32:35. [PMID: 38103099 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08251-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of immunomodulators in the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM) patients has been associated with venous thromboembolism (VTE). Due to the increase in mortality of cancer patients, venous thromboembolism is an important concern for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of thromboembolic events and evaluate associated risk factors among Brazilian NDMM patients using immunomodulators. METHODS Real-life retrospective cohort study in two Brazilian institutions with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) patients treated with immunomodulators from January 2009 to December 2019. Data was collected from patients' medical records for the period of 1 year, and Cox regression was performed to identify risk factors on the development of VTE. RESULTS We included 131 patients of which there was a mean age of 61.5 years (SD 11.3), 51.9% female, and predominantly using thalidomide (97.7%) as immunomodulator. We found 9 VTE episodes among our patients, with a 12-month cumulative incidence of 6.97% (95% CI 3.41-12.24). Associated factors after multivariate analysis were recent sepsis, recent traumatic injury, previous VTE, and thromboprophylaxis. CONCLUSION Our real-life retrospective cohort presented a low incidence of VTE among Brazilian NDMM patients treated with immunomodulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwyson Henrique Fernandes da Costa
- Programa de pós-graduação em medicamentos e assistência farmacêutica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
- Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Cristiane Aparecida Menezes de Pádua
- Programa de pós-graduação em medicamentos e assistência farmacêutica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paula Lana de Miranda Drummond
- Programa de pós-graduação em medicamentos e assistência farmacêutica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lívia Pena Silveira
- Hospital das Clínicas da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jéssica Soares Malta
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Adriano Max Moreira Reis
- Programa de pós-graduação em medicamentos e assistência farmacêutica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Tang G, Huang S, Luo J, Wu Y, Zheng S, Tong R, Zhong L, Shi J. Advances in research on potential inhibitors of multiple myeloma. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 262:115875. [PMID: 37879169 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy. Although recent clinical applications of immunomodulatory drugs, proteasome inhibitors and CD38-targeting antibodies have significantly improved the outcome of MM patient with increased survival, the incidence of drug resistance and severe treatment-related complications is gradually on the rise. This review article summarizes the characteristics and clinical investigations of several MM drugs in clinical trials, including their structures, mechanisms of action, structure-activity relationships, and clinical study progress. Furthermore, the application potentials of the drugs that have not yet entered clinical trials are also reviewed. The review also outlines the future directions of MM drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Cancer Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Ji Luo
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Yingmiao Wu
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China
| | - Rongsheng Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
| | - Ling Zhong
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Center for Medical Genetics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China; Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610044, China.
| | - Jianyou Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China; Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610072, China.
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Hvidtfeldt UA, Chen J, Rodopoulou S, Strak M, de Hoogh K, Andersen ZJ, Bellander T, Brandt J, Forastiere F, Brynedal B, Hertel O, Hoffmann B, Katsouyanni K, Ketzel M, Leander K, Magnusson PKE, Nagel G, Pershagen G, Rizzuto D, Samoli E, So R, Stafoggia M, Tjønneland A, Weinmayr G, Wolf K, Zitt E, Brunekreef B, Hoek G, Raaschou-Nielsen O. Multiple myeloma risk in relation to long-term air pollution exposure - A pooled analysis of four European cohorts. Environ Res 2023; 239:117230. [PMID: 37806476 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Air pollution is a growing concern worldwide, with significant impacts on human health. Multiple myeloma is a type of blood cancer with increasing incidence. Studies have linked air pollution exposure to various types of cancer, including leukemia and lymphoma, however, the relationship with multiple myeloma incidence has not been extensively investigated. METHODS We pooled four European cohorts (N = 234,803) and assessed the association between residential exposure to nitrogen dioxide (NO2), fine particles (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and ozone (O3) and multiple myeloma. We applied Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for potential confounders at the individual and area-level. RESULTS During 4,415,817 person-years of follow-up (average 18.8 years), we observed 404 cases of multiple myeloma. The results of the fully adjusted linear analyses showed hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of 0.99 (0.84, 1.16) per 10 μg/m³ NO2, 1.04 (0.82, 1.33) per 5 μg/m³ PM2.5, 0.99 (0.84, 1.18) per 0.5 10-5 m-1 BCE, and 1.11 (0.87, 1.41) per 10 μg/m³ O3. CONCLUSIONS We did not observe an association between long-term ambient air pollution exposure and incidence of multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Chen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sophia Rodopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Maciej Strak
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Allschwil, Switzerland; University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Zorana J Andersen
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tom Bellander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jørgen Brandt
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; iClimate - interdisciplinary Centre for Climate Change, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy; Environmental Research Group, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Boel Brynedal
- Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ole Hertel
- Departments of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Barbara Hoffmann
- Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Centre for Health and Society, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Matthias Ketzel
- Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark; Global Centre for Clean Air Research (GCARE), University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, United Kingdom
| | - Karin Leander
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrik K E Magnusson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Gabriele Nagel
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Göran Pershagen
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Debora Rizzuto
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences, And Society, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden; Stockholm Gerontology Research Center, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rina So
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gudrun Weinmayr
- Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Emanuel Zitt
- Agency for Preventive and Social Medicine (aks), Bregenz, Austria; Department of Internal Medicine 3, LKH Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Austria
| | - Bert Brunekreef
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gerard Hoek
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ole Raaschou-Nielsen
- The Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Roskilde, Denmark
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Ma Y, Xiao XB, Chen XL, Yuan SZ, Lu Y, Zhao SH, Chen JL, Shi GN, Wang YQ, Cheng NN, Feng P, Ding MS, Huang WR. [Daratumumab maintenance after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:1016-1021. [PMID: 38503525 PMCID: PMC10834870 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of daratumumab as a maintenance treatment after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (auto-HSCT) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) . Methods: The clinical data, hematological and renal response, and safety of 15 post-transplant patients with NDMM who had received daratumumab maintenance between May 1, 2022 and June 30, 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Results: Fifteen patients (11 males and 4 females) with a median age of 58 (41-72) years were included. Thirteen patients did not receive daratumumab during induction therapy and auto-HSCT, 6 patients had renal impairment, and nine patients had high-risk cytogenetics. The median infusion of daratumumab was 12 (6-17) times, and the median duration of maintenance was 6 (1.5-12) months. The treatment efficacy was evaluated in all 15 patients, and daratumumab maintenance therapy increased the rate of stringent complete response from 40% to 60%. The renal response rate and median estimated glomerular filtration rate of six patients with RI-NDMM were also improved. During daratumumab maintenance therapy, the most common hematological grade 3 adverse event (AE) was lymphopenia [4 of 15 patients (26.67%) ], whereas the most common nonhematologic AEs were infusion-related reactions [7 of 15 patients (46.67%) ] and grade 3 pneumonia [5 of 15 patients (33.33%) ]. The five patients with pneumonia were daratumumab naive [5 of 13 patients (38.46%) ], with a median of 8 (6-10) infusions. Among them, the chest computed tomography of three patients showed interstitial infiltrates, and treatment with methylprednisolone was effective. With a median follow-up of 12 months, the 1-year overall survival rate was 93.33%, and only one patient died (which was not related to daratumumab treatment) . Conclusions: Daratumumab was safe and effective as a maintenance agent for post-auto-HSCT patients with NDMM, and AEs were controllable. The most common nonhematologic AE was grade 3 pneumonia, and a less dose-intense maintenance regimen for the first 8 weeks could reduce the incidence of pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ma
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - X B Xiao
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - X L Chen
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - S Z Yuan
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Y Lu
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - S H Zhao
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - J L Chen
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - G N Shi
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - Y Q Wang
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - N N Cheng
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - P Feng
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - M S Ding
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
| | - W R Huang
- Department of Lymphoma & Plasma Cell Disease, Senior Department of Hematology, the Fifth Medical Center of PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100071, China
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Laheij AMGA, van de Donk NWCJ. Characterization of dysgeusia and xerostomia in patients with multiple myeloma treated with the T-cell redirecting GPRC5D bispecific antibody talquetamab. Support Care Cancer 2023; 32:20. [PMID: 38092979 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-023-08233-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In recent years, various immunotherapies have improved the survival of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, there remains an unmet need for novel agents. Talquetamab is the first-in-class GPRC5D-targeting T-cell redirecting bispecific antibody, which has substantial activity in advanced MM. Rapidly after the start of talquetamab treatment, patients reported taste changes (dysgeusia; 60% of patients), and a feeling of dry mouth (xerostomia; 30-57% of patients), which may be related to expression of the target antigen in healthy tissues, such as taste buds. Here, we aimed at better characterizing these oral toxicities. METHODS We measured salivary flow and the ability to taste (objectively and patient-reported), assessed the feeling of dry mouth, and evaluated quality of life before and 8 weeks after the start of talquetamab therapy in eight heavily pretreated MM patients. RESULTS Talquetamab treatment led to the rapid and significant decrease in objectively measured taste scores (total score 8.8 ± 2.0 vs 4.9 ± 2.5). All patients reported moderate to severe taste changes. Moreover, patients experienced severe xerostomia after the initiation of talquetamab treatment, in the absence of changes in unstimulated and stimulated salivary flow. Because of these oral toxicities a significant impairment in global health status/(oral health related) quality of life was reported. CONCLUSION Studying taste changes in patients treated with talquetamab following up on the described leads provides a new and unique opportunity to further unravel the pathophysiology of taste changes after cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A M G A Laheij
- Department of Oral Medicine, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1008, LA, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - N W C J van de Donk
- Department of Hematology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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Shen N, Zhang J, Xia Y, Shen XX, Wang J, Jin YY, Zhang R, Li JY, Chen LJ. [Clinical characteristics and prognosis of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients with FGFR3 gene mutations]. Zhonghua Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2023; 44:989-994. [PMID: 38503521 PMCID: PMC10834875 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0253-2727.2023.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to investigate the influence of FGFR3 gene mutations on the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM) . Methods: A total of 198 patients with NDMM admitted to the Department of Hematology in Jiangsu Province Hospital between January 2016 and February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed. Next-generation sequencing and cytoplasmic light chain immunofluorescence with fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed for all patients. The prognostic significance of FGFR3 mutation and clinical features were analyzed using the Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards model. Results: Among 198 patients, 28 carried the FGFR3 gene mutation. These patients had significantly lower serum albumin levels, higher β(2)-microglobulin levels, advanced Revised International Staging System stages, more frequent occurrence of t (4;14) , and shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) time (28 months vs 33 months, P=0.024) and overall survival (OS) time (54 months vs undefined, P=0.028) than patients without FGFR3 mutation. Additionally, patients carrying either FGFR3 mutation or t (4;14) had lower PFS (30 months vs 38 months, P=0.012) and OS (54 months vs undefined, P=0.017) than those without. The Cox proportional hazards model identified FGFR3 mutation as an independent risk factor for PFS and OS. Conclusion: FGFR3 gene mutation was an unfavorable independent prognostic predictor for NDMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Xia
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - X X Shen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Y Y Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - R Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - J Y Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - L J Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing 210029, China
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225
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Wang J, Shen N, Shen X, Zhang R, Jin Y, Li J, Chen L. Survival trends and prognostic factors of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma accompanied with extramedullary disease. Ann Med 2023; 55:2281657. [PMID: 38086395 PMCID: PMC10880573 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2023.2281657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Extramedullary disease (EMD) is an unusual event in patients with MM. This study aimed to assess the prognostic impact of EMD and develop an EMD-based risk model to estimate the survival of patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM).Methods: A total of 518 patients were enrolled in this study, of which 121 presented with EMD at the initial diagnosis. Patients were divided into non-EMD, extramedullary-bone-related (EM-B) and extramedullary-extraosseous (EM-E) groups. Clinical characteristics were compared using the chi-squared test or Fisher's exact test. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan-Meier method, and a nomogram was constructed based on the Cox proportional hazards model.Results: Compared to patients without EMDs, patients with EM-E were younger (p = 0.028), and those with EM-B had less renal damage (p < 0.001). The EM-E group had the worst progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). In addition, patients with multiple sites of EMD invasion or high Ki67 expression had poor OS. Lenalidomide-based treatment showed the worst outcome, and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) remarkably improved the survival of patients with EMD. A prognostic model (MM prognostic index, MM-PI) comprising lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), circulating plasma cells (CPC), del(17p), and type of extramedullary involvement was developed, and a 4-factor nomogram.Conclusions: We established a risk model incorporating extramedullary disease that provides accurate and individualized survival estimates for patients with NDMM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Na Shen
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuxing Shen
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Run Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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226
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Long S, Long S, He H, Luo L, Liu M, Ding T. Exosomal miR-182 derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells drives carfilzomib resistance of multiple myeloma cells by targeting SOX6. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:937. [PMID: 38062424 PMCID: PMC10702080 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple myeloma (MM) is a common hematological malignancy. Drug resistance remains to be a major clinical challenge in MM therapy. In this study, we aim to investigate the functional roles of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC)-derived exosomal miR-182 on the carfilzomib resistance of MM and its underlying mechanism. METHODS qRT-PCR and Western blot methods were utilized to confirm the gene or protein expressions. CCK-8 and transwell assays were performed to measure the capabilities of proliferation, migration, and invasion. The molecular interactions were validated through ChIP and Dual luciferase assay. RESULTS Our findings indicated that miR-182 expression was upregulated in serum, BMSCs and BMSC-derived exosomes from MM patients. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a key transcriptional factor in tumor microenvironment, could boost miR-182 expression by directly binding to its promoter, thus favoring exosomal secretion. Moreover, exosomal miR-182 from BMSCs could be transferred to MM cells and was able to promote malignant proliferation, metastasis, and invasion, as well as decrease the sensitivity of MM cells against carfilzomib. Additionally, SOX6 was identified as a downstream target of miR-182 in MM cells, and its expression was negatively regulated by miR-182. Rescue experiments proved that loss of SOX6 in MM cells dramatically reversed the promoting roles of BMSC-secreted exosomal miR-182 on proliferation, metastasis, and carfilzomib resistance in MM cells. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings indicated that exosomal miR-182 derived from BMSCs contributed to the metastasis and carfilzomib resistance of MM cells by targeting SOX6. This study sheds light on the pathogenesis of the BMSC-derived exosome containing miR-182 in the malignant behaviors of MM cells and carfzomib resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Long
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shengping Long
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Honglei He
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Luo
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Ding
- Department of Hematology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jinggangshan University, No. 110, Jinggangshan Avenue, Jizhou District, Ji'an, 343000, Jiangxi Province, People's Republic of China
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Gunes BA, Ozkan T, Gonulkirmaz N, Sunguroglu A. The evaluation of the anti-cancer effects of Anoectochilus roxburghii on hematological cancers in vitro. Med Oncol 2023; 41:6. [PMID: 38044345 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-02231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The cause of hematological cancers is the uncontrolled proliferation of hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, and chemotherapy is used to treat cancer. However, adverse side effects of chemotherapy are common. Therefore, the use of plant extracts as a method for treating cancer is becoming increasingly popular. Anoectochilus roxburghii (wall.) Lindl. (A. roxburghii) is one of the original sources of the valuable medicinal plants known as the king medicine and the golden grass. This study investigated the potential anticancer effect of A. roxburghi (AR) on JURKAT, MM1S, THP1 and U266 cells. To test the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of AR, hematological cancer cells were exposed to increasing doses of AR (0.1-0.5 µg/µl). The spectrophotometric MTT assay and the flow cytometric Annexin V staining were used to examine the viability and apoptosis of the cells, respectively. qRT-PCR was used to determine the expression levels of the apoptosis-related genes BAD, BAX, BIM and BCL-2. Our results show that AR treatment decreased cell viability and induced apoptosis in each cell line. Our RT-PCR data showed that AR significantly increased the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic BAX gene in JURKAT and MM1S cells, whereas it significantly increased the expression levels of both BAX and BIM in U266 cells. This is the first study to investigate how AR modulates apoptosis in hematological cancer cells. As a result, AR therapy may be a promising treatment modality for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Buket Altinok Gunes
- Vocational School of Health Services, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Tulin Ozkan
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurbanu Gonulkirmaz
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Asuman Sunguroglu
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Asano K, Kikuchi K, Takehara M, Ogasawara M, Yoshioka Y, Ohnishi K, Iwata A, Shimizu S, Tanaka M. Identification of small compounds that inhibit multiple myeloma proliferation by targeting c-Maf transcriptional activity. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 684:149135. [PMID: 37879249 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.149135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma displays the clonal B cell expansion and the overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulins. Genetic translocations at 14q32, particularly with partners like 16q23, lead to the dysregulation of oncogene expression, including the significant enhancement of c-Maf. This aberrant expression of c-Maf has prompted research into strategies for targeting this transcription factor as a potential therapeutic avenue for multiple myeloma treatment. In this study, we introduce a screening pipeline to test small compounds for their ability to inhibit c-Maf. Using a luciferase indicator driven by the Ccl8 gene promoter, we identified two small compounds that inhibit transcriptional activity of c-Maf. These molecules impede the proliferation of c-Maf-expressing myeloma cells, and repress the expression of c-Maf target genes such as ITGB7 and CCR1. Importantly, these molecules target c-Maf-expressing multiple myeloma cells, but not c-Maf-negative myeloma cells, showing potential for tailoring therapeutic intervention. In conclusion, our screening pipeline is effective to explore leads for a novel c-Maf inhibitor for multiple myeloma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Asano
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan.
| | - Kenta Kikuchi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan; Laboratory of Chromatin Organization in Immune Cell Development, International Research Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan
| | - Miki Takehara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Manami Ogasawara
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Yuki Yoshioka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Kie Ohnishi
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Ayaka Iwata
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Shigeomi Shimizu
- Department of Pathological Cell Biology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Masato Tanaka
- Laboratory of Immune Regulation, School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
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Bauer F, Sauer S, Weinhold N, Delorme S, Wennmann M. (Smoldering) multiple myeloma: mismatch between tumor load estimated from bone marrow biopsy at iliac crest and tumor load shown by MRI. Skeletal Radiol 2023; 52:2513-2518. [PMID: 37300710 PMCID: PMC10582145 DOI: 10.1007/s00256-023-04383-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In multiple myeloma and its precursor stages, precise quantification of tumor load is of high importance for diagnosis, risk assessment, and therapy response evaluation. Both whole-body MRI, which allows to investigate the complete bone marrow of a patient, and bone marrow biopsy, which is commonly used to assess the histologic and genetic status, are relevant methods for tumor load assessment in multiple myeloma. We report on a series of striking mismatches between the plasma cell infiltration estimating the tumor load from unguided biopsies of the bone marrow at the posterior iliac crest and the tumor load assessment from whole-body MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Bauer
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sandra Sauer
- Department of Medicine V, Multiple Myeloma Section, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Niels Weinhold
- Department of Medicine V, Multiple Myeloma Section, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 410, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Delorme
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Wennmann
- Division of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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230
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Shah P, Sperling AS. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells in Multiple Myeloma. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2023; 37:1089-1105. [PMID: 37563077 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2023.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematological malignancy with an approximate incidence of up to 8.5 cases per 100,000 persons per year. Over the last decade, therapy for multiple myeloma has undergone a revolutionary change. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy has played a major role in this evolution. In this review, we discuss the existing state of CAR T-cell therapy in myeloma while evaluating several newer therapies and targets expected in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parth Shah
- Department of Hematology, Dartmouth Cancer Center, 1 Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03750, USA; Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Adam S Sperling
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 450 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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231
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Mishra UP, Verma AK, Chaurasia JK. Solitary Extramedullary Plasmacytoma of Nasal Cavity. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023; 75:4060-4065. [PMID: 37974764 PMCID: PMC10645697 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-023-04061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma (SEP) of the nasal cavity is a rare neoplastic condition characterized by the localized proliferation of abnormal plasma cells. We present a case of SEP involving the nasal cavity in a 40-year-old male patient who presented with nasal obstruction and recurrent epistaxis. The diagnosis was confirmed through clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and histopathological examination of excised specimen. The patient underwent trans-nasal endoscopic excision of nasal mass without any adjuvant therapy, which resulted in successful local control. This case report highlights the clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, treatment modalities, and favourable prognosis associated with solitary extramedullary plasmacytoma of the nasal cavity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkal Priyadarshi Mishra
- Department of ENT- Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, 462020 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Ashish Kumar Verma
- Department of ENT- Head & Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Saket Nagar, Bhopal, 462020 Madhya Pradesh India
| | - Jai Kumar Chaurasia
- Department of Pathology & Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, 462020 Madhya Pradesh India
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232
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Chen T, Sun Z, Cui Y, Ji J, Li Y, Qu X. Identification of long noncoding RNA NEAT1 as a key gene involved in the extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma by bioinformatics analysis. Hematology 2023; 28:2164449. [PMID: 36657019 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2164449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in tumorigenesis and play a key role in cancer progression. To determine whether lncRNAs are involved in extramedullary disease of multiple myeloma (EMD), we analyzed the expression profile of lncRNAs in EMD. METHODS Three pairs of EMD patients and their intramedullary MM cells were screened by microarray first. We extracted data from gene chips and made an identification of lncRNAs and mRNAs with significant differences between EMD group and non EMD group. WGCNA confirmed the EMD related gene module and drew a heat map to further determine the key gene lncRNA-NEAT1. In the meantime, bone marrow and extramedullary samples (hydrothorax and ascites) were collected from 2 MM patients and subjected to single-cell RNA-seq. Single cell Transcriptome analysis was conducted to verify the gene expression difference of malignant plasma cells derived from intramedullary and extramedullary. Then we verified high expression level of lncRNA-NEAT1 in EMD patients by using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and analyzed the correlation between expression patterns and survival and molecular genetics analysis of the LncRNA (NEAT1) involved in MM patients. At last, cell experiments were conducted to observe the effects of down-regulation of NEAT1on the proliferation, cell cycle and PTEN pathway related proteins of multiple myeloma cell lines U266 and RPMI8226. RESULTS We identified one of the EMD related key gene is lncRNA-NEAT1. Compared with patients without extramedullary lesions, intramedullary MM cells in EMD patients expressed NEAT1 highly. The outcome of parallel single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) revealed NEAT1 level of plasma cells came from pleural effusion /ascites increased significantly compared with myeloma-stricken bone marrow. By survival and molecular genetic analysis, NEAT1 gene expression was not associated with OS and PFS in MM patients. However, the expression of NEAT1 is related to adverse therapeutic reactions and the progression of MM. We found that the expressions of NEAT1 were negatively associated with albumin levels and were positively associated with gain of chromosome 1q, IGH-CCND1, IGH@-FGFR3/WHSC1,and IGH-MAF gene fusion, respectively. At the level of cell experiment, CCK-8, soft agar clone formation experiment and CFSE staining showed that down regulating NEAT1 could inhibit the proliferation of U266 and RPMI8226 cells; Cell cycle detection showed that down-regulation of NEAT1 would interfere with the cell cycle process, and RPMI 8226 cells were blocked in G1 phase. Western blot analysis showed that when the expression of NEAT1 was down regulated in U266 and RPMI 8226 cells, the expression of PTEN and p-PTEN (phosphorylated phosphatase and tensin homologue) was up-regulated, and the expression of PI3K, p-PI3K (human phosphorylated inositol 3 kinase), Akt, p-Akt (phosphorylated protein kinase B). DISCUCCION AND CONCLUSION This study provides novel insights into the lncRNA-NEAT1 and reveals that NEAT1 maybe a potential lncRNA biomarkers in EMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Chen
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Hematology, Rugao Hospital, Nantong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxu Sun
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunqi Cui
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiamei Ji
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Li
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Qu
- Department of Hematology, Key Laboratory of Hematology of Nanjing Medical University, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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233
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Lin W, Chen X, Zheng H, Cai Z. Cell division cycle 37 change after bortezomib-based induction therapy helps to predict clinical response and prognosis in multiple myeloma patients. Hematology 2023; 28:2231741. [PMID: 37409850 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2231741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cell division cycle 37 (CDC37) modulates disease progression and bortezomib resistance in multiple myeloma by regulating X-box binding protein 1, nuclear factor-kappa-B, etc. This study aimed to explore the prognostic implication of CDC37 before and after bortezomib-based induction treatment in multiple myeloma patients. METHODS CDC37 was detected from plasma cells of bone marrow by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction at baseline and after bortezomib-based induction treatment in 82 multiple myeloma patients, and in 20 disease controls and 20 healthy controls. RESULTS CDC37 was increased in multiple myeloma patients versus disease controls and healthy controls (both P < 0.001). In multiple myeloma patients, CDC37 was related to increased serum creatinine (P = 0.017) and beta-2-microglobulin (P = 0.027), as well as unfavorable revised International Staging System stage (P = 0.041). Notably, CDC37 was reduced after bortezomib-based induction treatment versus that at baseline (P < 0.001). Furthermore, CDC37 at baseline was reduced in patients who achieved complete response versus those who did not achieve that (P = 0.023). Additionally, CDC37 after bortezomib-based induction treatment was also decreased in patients who achieved complete response (P < 0.001) and objective response (P = 0.001) versus those who did not reach them. Meanwhile, CDC37 at baseline only predicted worse progression-free survival (P = 0.033). Notably, CDC37 after bortezomib-based induction treatment estimated both shorter progression-free survival (P = 0.006) and overall survival (P = 0.005), which was confirmed by multivariate regression analysis. CONCLUSION CDC37 decreases after bortezomib-based induction treatment, while its higher expression reflects unsatisfactory induction treatment response and survival in multiple myeloma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuqiang Lin
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Chen
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, People's Republic of China
| | - Heyong Zheng
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjie Cai
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Putian City, Putian, People's Republic of China
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234
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Geng C, Yang G, Zhou H, Wang H, Li Y, Leng Y, Zhang Z, Jian Y, Chen W. Prognostic value of t(4;14) translocation in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients in novel agent era. Hematology 2023; 28:2161222. [PMID: 36607148 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2022.2161222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of t(4; 14) translocation for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (MM) patients in the novel agent era. METHODS We retrospectively analyzed 606 newly diagnosed MM patients treated with novel agents. The propensity score matching technique was used to reduce the bias between groups. RESULTS Among 606 patients, t(4; 14) was observed in 108 (17.8%) patients, among which 79 (73.1%) were accompanied by 1q21 gain and/or del 17p. Median overall survival (OS) (56.2 vs. 87.3 months) and progression-free survival (PFS) (25.7 vs. 37.6 months) were significantly shorter in patients with t(4;14) compared with patients without cytogenetic abnormalities. Univariate Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the t(4;14) was not associated with shorter OS (p = 0.666) and PFS (p = 0.164). The multivariable analysis also showed t(4;14) was not a poor prognostic factor for OS and PFS of patients with newly diagnosed MM (p > 0.05). After balancing the distribution of factors between patients with and without t(4;14) by the propensity score matching technique, patients with t(4;14) had similar OS (57.6 vs. 56.5 months, p = 0.964) and PFS (26.5 vs. 28.1 months, p = 0.740) with the patients without t(4;14). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrated that t(4; 14) alone may be not a poor prognostic factor patients with newly diagnosed MM in the novel agent era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanying Geng
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhong Yang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huixing Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Huijuan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanchen Li
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Leng
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Jian
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenming Chen
- Department of Hematology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Park SS, Goo SY, Jeon YW, Yhang SA, Shin SH, Min CK. Real-world treatment outcomes of carfilzomib plus dexamethasone in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma, focusing on the impact of trial-fitness: CAtholic REsearch network for Multiple Myeloma study (CAREMM-2203). J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:16279-16291. [PMID: 37698678 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05385-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Carfilzomib plus dexamethasone (Kd) is widely used in patients with relapsed and/or refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, the treatment outcomes of Kd, especially in trial-unfit patients, have not been extensively studied in the real-world setting. METHODS We analyzed the outcomes of 152 RRMM patients who received Kd at our hospitals from April 2018 to March 2022. RESULTS At the commencement of Kd, patients received a median of two (range 1-7) lines of prior anti-myeloma therapy. According to the ENDEAVOR study criteria, 93 (61.2%) and 59 (38.8%) patients were classified as the trial-fit and the trial-unfit group, respectively. The overall response (OR) rate for the entire cohort was 71.1% (95% CI 63.2-78.1%). Progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 5.6 months (95% CI 3.9-6.9 months) and 24.0 months (95% CI 13.4-38.0 months), respectively. There was no significant difference in the OR rate between the trial-fit and the trial-unfit groups (76.3% vs. 62.7%; P = 0.105). However, the median PFS (3.6 months vs. 7.3 months; P < 0.001) and OS (15.0 vs. 36.8 months; P = 0.009) were significantly shorter in the trial-unfit group. On multivariate analysis, trial-fitness (unfit vs. fit) remained a significant covariate influencing the TRM (HR: 4.84, 95% CI 1.66-14.06; P = 0.004) and PFS (HR: 1.82, 95% CI 1.27-2.62; P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that the treatment outcomes of Kd are acceptable in the real-world setting with significant differences between the trial-fit and the trial-unfit groups, although they are relatively inferior to those of a pivotal trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Soo Park
- Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Seo-Young Goo
- Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea
| | - Young-Woo Jeon
- Department of Hematology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ah Yhang
- Department of Hematology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seung-Hwan Shin
- Myeoma Center, Hematology Institute, Eunpyeong St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 1021, Tongil-ro, Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul, 03312, South Korea.
| | - Chang-Ki Min
- Hematology Hospital, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 222, Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, South Korea.
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Wang R, Liu SL, Guo QQ, Shi XH, Ma MM. Circadian Clock REV-ERBs Agonist SR9009 Induces Synergistic Antitumor Activity in Multiple Myeloma by Suppressing Glucose-Regulated Protein 78-Dependent Autophagy and Lipogenesis. World J Oncol 2023; 14:464-475. [PMID: 38022411 PMCID: PMC10681778 DOI: 10.14740/wjon1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Proteasome inhibitors, such as bortezomib, have demonstrated efficacy in the therapeutic management of multiple myeloma (MM). However, it is important to note that these inhibitors also elicit endoplasmic reticulum stress, which subsequently triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR) and autophagy, which have been shown to facilitate the survival of tumor cells. The disruption of the circadian clock is considered a characteristic feature of cancer. However, how disrupted circadian clock intertwines with tumor metabolism and drug resistance is not clearly clarified. This work explores the antitumor effectiveness of bortezomib and the circadian clock agonist SR9009, elucidating their impact on glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), the autophagy process, and lipogenesis. Methods The antitumor effects of bortezomib and SR9009 were evaluated using human MM cell lines (RPMI8226 and U266) in vitro and in vivo nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) murine xenograft MM model. The assessment of cell viability was conducted using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) method, whereas the measurement of cell proliferation was performed with the inclusion of EdU (5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine). Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry. The cells were transduced using adenovirus-tf-LC3, which was labeled with dual fluorescence. Subsequently, confocal imaging was employed to observe and examine the autophagosomes. REV-ERBα knockdown leads to upregulation of ATG5 and BENC1 at the protein level with immunoblot. Changes in the expression levels of GRP78, LC3, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) were assessed through the utilization of quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. Results Our results showed that both bortezomib and circadian clock REV-ERBs agonist SR9009 decreased MM viability, proliferation rate and induced an apoptotic response in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. However, the two differ greatly in their mechanisms of action. Bortezomib upregulated GRP78 and autophagy LC3, while circadian clock agonist SR9009 inhibited GRP78 and autophagy LC3. Combined SR9009 with bortezomib induced synergistic cytotoxicity against MM cells. REV-ERBα knockdown lead to upregulation of ATG5, BENC1 and significant upregulation of FASN, and SCD1. Mechanically, SR9009 inhibited the core autophagy gene ATG5 and BECN1, and two essential enzymes for de novo lipogenesis FASN and SCD1. SR9009 had synergistic effect with bortezomib and slowed down murine xenograft models of human MM tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions Taken together, these results demonstrated that the circadian clock component REV-ERBs agonist SR9009 could inhibit GRP78-induced autophagy and de novo lipogenesis processes and had a synergistic effect with proteasome inhibitors in both in vitro and in vivo models of MM. Our findings shed light on how a disrupted circadian clock interacts with metabolic mechanisms to shape proteasome inhibitor drug resistance and suggest that SR9009 may be able to overcome the inherent drug resistance of proteasome inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, San Xiang Road, Gu Su District, Su Zhou City, China
- Department of Oncology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 138, Huanghe Road, Su Cheng District, Suqian City, China
- These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Shu Ling Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, No.305, Zhong Shan Road, Xuan wu District, Nanjing City, China
- These authors contributed equally to this article
| | - Quan Quan Guo
- Department of Hematology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055, San Xiang Road, Gu Su District, Su Zhou City, China
- Department of Oncology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 138, Huanghe Road, Su Cheng District, Suqian City, China
| | - Xiao Hong Shi
- Department of Pathology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 138, Huanghe Road, Su Cheng District, Suqian City, China
| | - Mei Mei Ma
- Department of Pathology, Suqian Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 138, Huanghe Road, Su Cheng District, Suqian City, China
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Cheah S, English DR, Harrison SJ, Vajdic CM, Giles GG, Milne RL. Sunlight, vitamin D, vitamin D receptor polymorphisms, and risk of multiple myeloma: A systematic review. Cancer Epidemiol 2023; 87:102488. [PMID: 37976630 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2023.102488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review examines the relationship with multiple myeloma (MM) risk for sunlight and vitamin D related exposures, including vitamin D supplementation, circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration, personal ultraviolet B radiation exposure, ambient solar irradiance and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms We conducted a search for terms related to multiple myeloma, vitamin D, vitamin D receptor, ultraviolet radiation, sunlight, and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) using Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane CENTRAL. Studies were assessed for risk of bias and quality using the RoB 2.0, ROBINS-E or Q-Genie tools. We identified 13 eligible studies: one randomised controlled trial, two cohort studies, and ten case-control studies, including one nested case-control study and one meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies. We conducted a qualitative synthesis; quantitative synthesis was not appropriate due to study heterogeneity and the small number of studies identified. There was insufficient evidence to support an effect of any sunlight or vitamin D related exposure on MM risk. No polymorphisms in VDR were found to be strongly related to risk for people of European ancestry. Of the identified studies, many had high risk of bias or were of lower quality. Few studies have investigated the association between sunlight and vitamin D related exposures and multiple myeloma risk. The scarcity of high-quality studies makes it difficult to evaluate potential effects of these exposures on MM risk. Further research is necessary to investigate the influence of vitamin D related exposures on risk of multiple myeloma..
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Cheah
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 200 Victoria Parade, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Dallas R English
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 200 Victoria Parade, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia
| | - Simon J Harrison
- Clinical Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre and Royal Melbourne Hospital, 305 Grattan Street, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Dept of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Claire M Vajdic
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Graham G Giles
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 200 Victoria Parade, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Roger L Milne
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia; Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, 200 Victoria Parade, East Melbourne, Victoria 3002, Australia; Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Cao Y, Gong Y, Zhou X, Sun C. Prognostic evaluation and staging optimization of the Mayo Additive Staging System (MASS) in real world for newly diagnosed multiple myeloma patients. Hematology 2023; 28:2208914. [PMID: 37145015 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2208914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the prognostic value of the Mayo Additive Staging System (MASS) in real-world patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma(MM). METHODS The clinical data of 307 patients with newly diagnosed MM from August 2015 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Survival analysis was conducted for each subgroup according to the MASS. The MASS was compared to the original staging systems to evaluate its prognostic value. Patients in the high-risk group were further stratified. RESULTS Patients were divided into MASS stages I (93 cases), II (91 cases), and III (123 cases), with differences in overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) among all groups (p < 0.0001). Patients were grouped according to treatment regimen, age, transplant status, renal function, and bone destruction; with differences in OS and PFS among patients at each MASS stage in all subgroups (P ≤ 0.05). The MASS was also used for further risk stratification of patients with Mayo Myeloma Stratification and Risk-adjusted Treatment Stratification System 3.0 (mSMART3.0) and Revised International Staging System (R-ISS). Furthermore, in the MASS high-risk group, patients with scores of 2 and 3 vs 4 had OS of 23.7 and 10.1 months (P = 0.004), and PFS of 17.6 and 8.2 months (P = 0.004), respectively. Patients in the high-risk complex karyotype group not covered by SMART staging criteria had shorter OS and PFS than those in the mSMART3.0 high-risk and MASS stage III groups. CONCLUSION The prognostic value of the MASS in patients with MM has been verified, and has better evaluation efficiency than the SMART and R-ISS systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongqin Cao
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingying Gong
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Sun
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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Borsi E, Mazzocchetti G, Dico AF, Vigliotta I, Martello M, Poletti A, Solli V, Armuzzi S, Taurisano B, Kanapari A, Pistis I, Zamagni E, Tacchetti P, Pantani L, Mancuso K, Rocchi S, Rizzello I, Cavo M, Terragna C. High levels of CRBN isoform lacking IMiDs binding domain predicts for a worse response to IMiDs-based upfront therapy in newly diagnosed myeloma patients. Clin Exp Med 2023; 23:5227-5239. [PMID: 37815734 PMCID: PMC10725394 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-023-01205-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the immunoderivative (IMiD) agents have been extensively used for the treatment of multiple myeloma (MM). IMiDs and their newer derivatives CRBN E3 ligase modulator bind the E3 ligase substrate recognition adapter protein cereblon (CRBN), which has been recognized as one of the IMiDs' direct target proteins, and it is essential for the therapeutic effect of these agents.High expression of CRBN was associated with improved clinical response in patients with MM treated with IMiDs, further confirming that the expression of IMiDs' direct target protein CRBN is required for the anti-MM activity. CRBN's central role as a target of IMiDs suggests potential utility as a predictive biomarker of response or resistance to IMiDs therapy. Additionally, the presence of alternatively spliced variants of CRBN in MM cells, especially those lacking the drug-binding domain for IMiDs, raise questions concerning their potential biological function, making difficult the transcript measurement, which leads to inaccurate overestimation of full-length CRBN transcripts. In sight of this, in the present study, we evaluated the CRBN expression, both full-length and spliced isoforms, by using real-time assay data from 87 patients and RNA sequencing data from 50 patients (n = 137 newly diagnosed MM patients), aiming at defining CRBN's role as a predictive biomarker for response to IMiDs-based induction therapy. We found that the expression level of the spliced isoform tends to be higher in not-responding patients, confirming that the presence of a more CRBN spliced transcript predicts for lack of IMiDs response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Borsi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy.
| | - Gaia Mazzocchetti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Ilaria Vigliotta
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Marina Martello
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Poletti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Vincenza Solli
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Silvia Armuzzi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Barbara Taurisano
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ajsi Kanapari
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ignazia Pistis
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Elena Zamagni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Paola Tacchetti
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Pantani
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Katia Mancuso
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Serena Rocchi
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Ilaria Rizzello
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
- DIMEC-Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche e Chirurgiche, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Carolina Terragna
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna-Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy.
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Xiao P, Chen X, Dong Z, Fan W, Chen Y, Su J, Wang Q, Ma L. BNIP3 overexpression may promote myeloma cell apoptosis by enhancing sensitivity to bortezomib via the p38 MAPK pathway. Hematology 2023; 28:2231739. [PMID: 37401850 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2231739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND BCL2-interacting protein 3 (BNIP3) expression varies among cancers, and its role in myeloma cells remains unknown. We investigated the role of BNIP3 overexpression in myeloma cells, and particularly its effects on apoptosis and mitochondria. METHODS A BNIP3-overexpressing plasmid was transfected into the MM.1S and RPMI8226 myeloma cell lines. Transfected cell apoptosis rate and mitochondrial function were determined via flow cytometry and western blotting. We verified the signaling pathway underlying myeloma cell sensitivity to bortezomib (BTZ). RESULTS Cell lines carrying the BNIP3-overexpressing plasmid exhibited higher rates of apoptosis and expression of Bax and Cleaved caspase 3 protein than the vector group, and less Bcl-2 protein expression than the control cells. Relative to the vector group, BNIP3-overexpressing strains contained more reactive oxygen species (ROS) and exhibited mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) upregulation and mitofusin-1 (Mfn1) downregulation. BTZ supplementation increased BNIP3 expression. Relative to the BNIP3-OE group, the BNIP3-OE BTZ-treated group exhibited upregulated Bax and Cleaved caspase 3 protein expression, downregulated Bcl-2 protein expression, higher apoptosis rates, ROS levels, MMP, and Drp1 expression, and lower Mfn1 expression. BTZ treatment induced p38 MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) signaling pathway activation in BNIP3-OE cells. Upon adding N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580, the affected index levels returned to the baseline. CONCLUSIONS BNIP3 overexpression induced apoptosis in myeloma cells and increased myeloma cell sensitivity to BTZ. These effects may be mediated by the ROS/p38 MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Xiao
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuyan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigao Dong
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongquan Chen
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan Su
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Wang
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Ma
- Department of Hematology and Rheumatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, People's Republic of China
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241
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Qiu X, Zhang JH, Xu Y, Cao YX, Zhang RT, Hu LN, Zhou JH. Identification of FCER1G as a key gene in multiple myeloma based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Hematology 2023; 28:2210904. [PMID: 37170758 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2210904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) has remarkably improved with the emerge of novel agents, it remains incurable and relapses inevitably. The molecular mechanisms of MM have not been well-studied. Herein, this study aimed to identify key genes in MM. MATERIALS AND METHODS The GSE39754 dataset was used to screen differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and construct a co-expression network. Hub nodes were identified in the protein and protein interaction (PPI) network. Datasets GSE13591 and GSE2658 were used to validate hub genes. Moreover, function and gene set enrichment analyses were performed to elucidate the molecular pathogenesis of MM. RESULTS In this study, 11 genes were found to be hub genes in the co-expression network, among which four genes (CD68, FCER1G, PLAUR and LCP2) were also identified as hub nodes. In the test dataset GSE13591, CD68 and FCER1G were significantly downregulated in MM. Besides, the areas under the curve (AUCs) of CD68 and FCER1G were greater than 0.8 in both the training dataset and the test dataset. Our results also confirmed that FCER1G highly expressed patients had remarkably longer survival times in MM. Function and pathway enrichment analyses suggested that hub genes were associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition, TNF-α signaling via NF-κB and inflammatory response. GSEA in our study indicated that FCER1G participated in NK cell mediated cytotoxicity and the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Our study identified FCER1G as a key gene in MM, providing a novel biomarker and potential molecular mechanisms of MM for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Qiu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-He Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Xuan Cao
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui-Ting Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Na Hu
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Hao Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College of Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital of Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
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242
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De Wilde S, Plawny L, Berchem G. Real-world experience with isatuximab in the treatment of relapsed-refractory multiple myeloma: a case series from the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Hematology 2023; 28:2182098. [PMID: 36880781 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2182098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE Anti-CD38 targeting has become an important pillar of the treatment for patients with multiple myeloma (MM). This evolution was spearheaded by daratumumab, but more recently isatuximab became the second CD38-directed monoclonal antibody to receive EMA approval for the treatment of patients with relapsed/refractory (RR) MM. In recent years, real-world studies have become increasingly important to confirm and solidify the clinical potential of novel anti-myeloma therapies. METHODS This article describes the real-world experience with isatuximab-based therapy in a selection of four RRMM patients treated with an isatuximab-based treatment regimen in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. RESULTS Three of the four cases described in this article consist of heavily pretreated patients who were previously exposed to daratumumab-based therapy. Interestingly, the isatuximab-based therapy provided clinical benefit to all three of these patients illustrating that prior exposure to an anti-CD38 mAb does not preclude a response to isatuximab. As such, these findings further support the design of larger prospective studies looking into the impact of prior daratumumab use on the efficacy of isatuximab-based therapy. In addition, two of the cases included in this report displayed renal insufficiency and the experience with isatuximab in these patients further supports the use of this agent in this setting. CONCLUSION the clinical cases described illustrate the clinical potential of isatuximab-based treatment for RRMM patient in a real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid De Wilde
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Laurent Plawny
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
| | - Guy Berchem
- Service d'Hémato-Oncologie, Centre Hospitalier Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg
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243
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Dally N, Baranes M, Akria L, Kashlikov M, Tarabia K, Sharabi-Nov A, Suriu C, Braester A. Ethnic disparities in presentation but not outcome in multiple myeloma patients: a multicenter retrospective study in Northern Israel. Leuk Lymphoma 2023; 64:2148-2155. [PMID: 37715316 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2023.2251072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Several studies showed ethnic disparities in multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and prognosis. In order to compare prognosis and overall survival between different ethnic groups, a multicenter retrospective study was conducted in Northern Israel. A total of 145 patients suffering from MM were included (72% Jewish, and 28% Arabs) who were treated between 2008-2018. A difference was found in the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis, patients of Arab origin were diagnosed at a more advanced stage (III), (53.7% vs. 33.7%, respectively). A mortality rate of 48.9% was found in the study, regardless of population ethnic origin. No significant differences in rates of MGUS, MM symptoms, treatments, or progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were observed between ethnic groups. This suggests that raising awareness of MM may result in an earlier diagnosis, especially among patients of Arab origin, preventing unnecessary suffering from these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najib Dally
- Hematology Institute Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Myriam Baranes
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
| | - Luiza Akria
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Institute the Galilee Medical Center, Naharia, Israel
| | | | | | - Adi Sharabi-Nov
- Hematology Institute Ziv Medical Center, Safed, Israel
- Tel-Hai Academic College, Kiryat Shmona, Israel
| | - Celia Suriu
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Institute the Galilee Medical Center, Naharia, Israel
| | - Andrei Braester
- Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed, Israel
- Hematology Institute the Galilee Medical Center, Naharia, Israel
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Moreb JS, Lantos L, Chen F, Elliott K, Dugan J, Skarbnik AP, Kropf PL, Ward K. The effect of mobilizing large numbers of CD34 + cells (super-mobilizers) on the engraftment and survival in patients undergoing autologous stem cell transplantation. Transfus Apher Sci 2023; 62:103787. [PMID: 37704508 DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2023.103787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
With the use of plerixafor in addition to growth factor for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization, the yield of autologous stem cell harvest has been higher while the length of apheresis days has become shorter. There is still debate whether higher cell collection efficacy in autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) affect outcomes. In this retrospective study, we defined two groups of patients, group 1, super-mobilizers, with more than double the target cell dose collected (n = 15), while group 2 included all other patients (n = 75). Multiple myeloma (MM) and lymphoma patients were combined. Patients with chemo-mobilization, those needed more than one day apheresis, or with less than 100 days after ASCT were excluded. Correlations were performed between cell collection efficacy and post thaw CD34 cell viability (by 7AAD flow cytometry method), product HCT, and engraftment of neutrophils and platelets. We performed multiple linear regression using the above variables in addition to age, sex and disease type. We used Kaplan Meier's curves to show effect of cell collection efficacy on 1-year overall survival (OS). Our results show that all super-mobilizers received plerixafor in addition to G-CSF, while 83% did in group 2. Correlations between cell collection efficacy and neutrophil and platelet engraftment in group 1 and 2 was modest and better in group 1 (R=0.449 Vs 0.233 for neutrophils; R=0.464 Vs 0.110 for platelets, respectively). However, multiple linear regression showed statistically significant association between cell collection, as a continuous variable, with disease type (P < 0.001), product HCT (P < 0.001), post thaw viability (P = 0.003), and age (P = 0.013). MM patients were more likely to be super-mobilizers, while the product HCT was higher in the super-mobilizers. No significant effect of cell collection efficacy was found on engraftment of neutrophils or platelets. With relatively short post ASCT follow up, 6 patients in group 2 died of any cause while no deaths were recorded in the super-mobilizers group (P = 0.1892 by log-rank test). In conclusion, stem cell collection efficacy in ASCT is more frequent in MM than lymphoma patients, but is not predictive of faster engraftment. On the other hand, 1-year OS was 100% in the super-mobilizers group versus 93% in the other group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan S Moreb
- Hematology, Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
| | - Lori Lantos
- Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Franklin Chen
- Hematology, Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Kathleen Elliott
- Hematology, Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - James Dugan
- Hematology, Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Alan P Skarbnik
- Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Patricia Lamont Kropf
- Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Kimberly Ward
- Transplantation and Cellular Therapy Program, Novant Health Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA
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Sapet M, Migala C, Daguenet E, Collet P, Boussoualim K, Thomas T, Guyotat D, Augeul-Meunier K. Advanced practice nurse management in multiple myeloma treated with oral therapy. Bull Cancer 2023; 110:1251-1259. [PMID: 37696744 DOI: 10.1016/j.bulcan.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Therapeutic approaches in Multiple Myeloma (MM) have considerably changed over the last few years, with effective oral chemotherapy and continuous treatment. In this context, the objective of this study was to examine the circuitry of an advanced practitioner nurse (APN)-led intervention that provided supportive care for MM patients treated with oral chemotherapy. METHODS This population-based study was conducted at the hematology department - Institut de Cancérologie Lucien Neuwirth (ICLN, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez), from April 2017 to September 2020. A follow-up program was established with a specialized APN in oncology. RESULTS All APN interventions were recorded, representing 1240 phone calls and 162 consultations for 42 MM patients. Eighty-two calls were referred to the physician with 45 consultations triggered. Most of the calls were frequent within the few first months, with a high request for information and reassurance, especially for treatment-naive or relapsed patients. In our study, the APN was able to manage multiple side effects through care organization (i.e., hospitalizations, transfusions) and a careful coordination between the primary care team and the hospital. DISCUSSION In order to respond to the high need for care pathway and safety improvement, especially in elderly population, we have initiated an original follow-up by an APN for MM patients treated with oral chemotherapy. While the role of APN has become prominent in the oncology field in recent years, its holistic approach has to be emphasized in further studies to bring a comprehensive perspective to health care coordination in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manon Sapet
- University Hospital of Saint-Étienne, Department of Rheumatology, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France.
| | - Cécile Migala
- Cancer Institute Lucien Neuwirth, Coordination platform, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Elisabeth Daguenet
- Cancer Institute Lucien Neuwirth, Hematology Department, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Philippe Collet
- Cancer Institute Lucien Neuwirth, Hematology Department, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Karima Boussoualim
- University Hospital of Saint-Étienne, Department of Rheumatology, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France
| | - Thierry Thomas
- University Hospital of Saint-Étienne, Department of Rheumatology, 42055 Saint-Étienne cedex 2, France
| | - Denis Guyotat
- Cancer Institute Lucien Neuwirth, Hematology Department, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | - Karine Augeul-Meunier
- Cancer Institute Lucien Neuwirth, Hematology Department, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
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Pasvolsky O, Ghanem S, Milton DR, Masood A, Tanner MR, Bashir Q, Srour S, Saini N, Lin P, Ramdial J, Nieto Y, Lee HC, Patel KK, Kebriaei P, Thomas SK, Weber DM, Orlowski RZ, Shpall EJ, Champlin RE, Qazilbash MH. Outcomes of Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Ultra-High-Risk Multiple Myeloma. Transplant Cell Ther 2023; 29:757-762. [PMID: 37673125 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtct.2023.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) patients with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities have inferior survival outcomes and are underrepresented in clinical trials. There is scarce data on MM patients with more than one high-risk cytogenetic aberration (ie, ultra- high-risk MM). This study was conducted to evaluate outcomes of newly diagnosed MM patients with ultra-high-risk MM who underwent autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (autoHCT). We conducted a retrospective single-center chart review analysis of adult patients with ultra-high-risk MM who underwent autoHCT between 2008 and 2018 at MD Anderson Cancer Center. High-risk cytogenetics were defined as del(17p), t(4;14), t(14;16), or 1q21 gain or amplification (1q+) by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS). Seventy-nine patients with two or more high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities were included in our analysis. The median age of 61 years (range, 33.5 to 76.5 years), and 57% were female. Sixty-seven patients had two high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, and 12 patients had three high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities. The most common combinations of high-risk abnormalities were [1q+, t(4:14)] (n = 25; 32%) and [1q+, del17p] (n = 21; 27%). The majority of patients received either bortezomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (48%) or carfilzomib, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone (16%) as induction therapy. Prior to autoHCT, 52 patients (66%) achieved a very good partial response or better (≥VGPR), whereas 23 patients (29%) achieved minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative ≥VGPR. Fifty-six patients (71%) received post-transplantation maintenance therapy. Thirty-six patients (46%) achieved MRD-negative ≥VGPR at day +100 after autoHCT, and 40 patients (51%) did so at best post-transplantation response. With a median follow-up in surviving patients of 38.3 months (range, 11.9 to 104.8 months), the median PFS and OS in the entire cohort were 22.9 months and 71.5 months, respectively. For the subset of patients with three HR abnormalities, the median PFS was 15.6 months and median OS was 28.0 months. In multivariate analysis, achieving MRD-negative ≥VGPR prior to autoHCT was associated with improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR], .42; P = .045), whereas male sex (HR, .15; P = .009) and achieving MRD-negative ≥VGPR post-autoHCT (HR, .27; P = .026) were associated with improved OS. In conclusion, patients with ultra-high-risk MM have a median PFS of <24 months with the current standard of care that includes consolidation with autoHCT. These patients may benefit from earlier use of newer treatment modalities, such as chimeric antigen receptor T cell therapy and bispecific antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren Pasvolsky
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas; Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel; Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Sassine Ghanem
- Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Denái R Milton
- Department of Biostatistics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Adeel Masood
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Mark R Tanner
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Qaiser Bashir
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Samer Srour
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Neeraj Saini
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Paul Lin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Jeremy Ramdial
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Yago Nieto
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Hans C Lee
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Krina K Patel
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Partow Kebriaei
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sheeba K Thomas
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Donna M Weber
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Robert Z Orlowski
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Elizabeth J Shpall
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Richard E Champlin
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Muzaffar H Qazilbash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Htut M, Dhakal B, Cohen AD, Martin T, Berdeja JG, Usmani SZ, Agha M, Jackson CC, Madduri D, Deraedt W, Zudaire E, Yeh TM, Xu X, Pacaud L, Akram M, Jagannath S. Ciltacabtagene Autoleucel in Patients With Prior Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant in the CARTITUDE-1 Study. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2023; 23:882-888. [PMID: 37716872 DOI: 10.1016/j.clml.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with prior allogeneic stem cell transplant (alloSCT) are typically excluded from trials of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapies, because their engineered cells may include allogeneic T cells. Ciltacabtagene autoleucel (cilta-cel) demonstrated early, deep, durable responses and manageable safety in heavily pretreated relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma patients. We retrospectively analyzed patients who received alloSCT prior to cilta-cel in CARTITUDE-1. PATIENTS AND METHODS Patients eligible for CARTITUDE-1 were ≥18 years, had ≥3 prior lines of therapy (LOT) or were double refractory to a proteasome inhibitor (PI) and immunomodulatory drug (IMiD) and had received a PI, IMiD, and anti-CD38 antibody. Patients with active graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or had alloSCT within 6 months before apheresis were excluded. Patients received cilta-cel 5 to 7 days after lymphodepletion. RESULTS Patients (N = 7) received median 9 prior LOTs (range, 6-14); median time since alloSCT was 5.1 years (range, 2.7-6.2). At median follow-up 27.7 months after cilta-cel infusion, overall response rate was 85.7% (n = 6). The safety profile was generally consistent with patients without alloSCT as prior therapy (cytokine release syndrome, 85.7% vs. 95.6%, respectively; immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome, 14.3% vs. 16.7%). One patient with prior alloSCT had grade 3 movement and neurocognitive treatment-emergent adverse events/parkinsonism. No GVHD cases were reported. Two patients died due to adverse events (treatment-related lung abscess; unrelated liver failure). CONCLUSION Cilta-cel efficacy and safety were comparable between CARTITUDE-1 patients with and without prior alloSCT. Additional studies are needed to fully elucidate the suitability of CAR-T cell therapy in the post-alloSCT setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myo Htut
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA
| | | | - Adam D Cohen
- Abramson Cancer Center, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Thomas Martin
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA
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248
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Ababneh HS, Yee AJ, Raje NS, Martin S, Frigault MJ, Ng AK, Patel CG. Radiation therapy as a bridging and salvage strategy in patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma undergoing BCMA-targeted CAR T-cell therapy. Radiother Oncol 2023; 189:109933. [PMID: 37778534 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2023.109933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) may play an important role prior to and following BCMA-targeted CAR T-cell therapy in multiple myeloma (MM). We report a series of 13 patients: 5 patients received bridging RT pre-CAR T, 4 patients received salvage RT post-CAR T failure, and 4 patients received both. There was no worsening of CAR-T- or RT-related toxicities. The RT in-field local control rate was 100%, with a median follow-up after each RT course of 7.3 months. RT as a bridging and salvage strategy is safe, feasible, and offers excellent local control in MM patients treated with CAR T-cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazim S Ababneh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew J Yee
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noopur S Raje
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sidney Martin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Matthew J Frigault
- Division of Hematology & Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrea K Ng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chirayu G Patel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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249
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Ren L, Ren Y, Yang Y, Wang W, Xu T, Wang Y, Xu J, Maihemaiti A, Lan T, Li P, Zhou C, Wang P, Liu P. Clinical profiles in multiple myeloma patients with extreme survivals: a study from a National Medical Center in China. Hematology 2023; 28:2277503. [PMID: 38018564 DOI: 10.1080/16078454.2023.2277503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The clinical outcomes of multiple myeloma (MM) patients are highly variable in the real-world setting. Some MM patients may have clinical endings that do not abide by the book. We aim to describe features of MM patients with extreme survivals in real-world practice. METHODS This retrospective study enrolled 941 patients consecutively visited a national medical center, China, between July 1995 and December 2021. Among patients, we identified two groups of MM patients with extreme survivals, 56 were in the long-term remission (LR) group with progression-free survival (PFS) ≥ 60 months, and 82 were in the rapid progression (RP) group with PFS ≤ 6 months. RESULTS CRAB features, of which hypercalcemia, renal insufficiency, and anemia were more common in the RP group, except for bone disease, with a comparable incidence at diagnosis in both groups (88.8 vs 85.7%, P = 0.52). High-risk cytogenetics was detected in 45.7% of patients in the RP group. Of note, 14.3% of MM patients in the LR group harbored del (17p). According to the Revised International Staging System (R-ISS), 9% of patients belonged to stage I in the RP group, and 19% of patients in the LR group were found in stage III. There were 8 (15.7%) patients in the LR group only achieved partial response (PR) as the best response. Median time to best response (TBR) for LR and RP group patients was 4.6 and 1.4 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The disparities in the survivals of MM patients indicated that some unexpected factors have influenced the outcomes in the real-world setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ren
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuhong Ren
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjing Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhong Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Yawen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiadai Xu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Aziguli Maihemaiti
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianwei Lan
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Li
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Wang
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Hematology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
- Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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250
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Yuti P, Sawasdee N, Natungnuy K, Rujirachaivej P, Luangwattananun P, Sujjitjoon J, Yenchitsomanus PT. Enhanced antitumor efficacy, proliferative capacity, and alleviation of T cell exhaustion by fifth-generation chimeric antigen receptor T cells targeting B cell maturation antigen in multiple myeloma. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115691. [PMID: 37844355 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy targeting B cell maturation antigen (BCMA) has been approved for treating multiple myeloma (MM). Some clinical studies reported suboptimal outcomes, including reduced cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells and tumor evasion through increased expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). To enhance CAR-T cell efficiency and overcome PD-L1-mediated T cell suppression, we developed anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells equipped with three costimulatory domains and the ability to secrete anti-PD-L1 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) blockade molecules. Anti-BCMA-CAR4-T cells contained a fully human anti-BCMA scFv and three intracellular domains (CD28, 4-1BB, and CD27) joined with CD3ζ. Anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells were generated by fusing anti-BCMA-CAR4 with anti-PD-L1 scFv. Both anti-BCMA-CAR4-T and anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells demonstrated comparable antitumor activity against parental MM cells. However, at an effector-to-target ratio of 1:2, only anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells maintained cytolytic activity against PD-L1 high MM cells, unlike anti-BCMA-CAR4 T cells. Anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells were specifically activated by BCMA-expressing target cells, resulting in increased CAR-T cell proliferation, release of cytolytic mediators, and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells demonstrated specific cytotoxicity against BCMA-expressing target cells, leading to decreased target cell numbers, increased CAR-T cell numbers, and preserved CAR expression during antigenic re-stimulation. Interestingly, only anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells showed reduced PD-1 receptor levels, which correlated with decreased PD-L1 expression on target cells. We successfully generated anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells capable of secreting anti-PD-L1 scFv. These cells exhibited superior antitumor efficiency, proliferative capacity, and alleviated T-cell exhaustion against MM cells. Further investigation into the antitumor efficacy of anti-BCMA-CAR5-T cells is warranted in ex vivo and clinical research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpimon Yuti
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nunghathai Sawasdee
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Krissada Natungnuy
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Punchita Rujirachaivej
- Graduate Program in Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piriya Luangwattananun
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jatuporn Sujjitjoon
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Pa-Thai Yenchitsomanus
- Siriraj Center of Research Excellence for Cancer Immunotherapy (SiCORE-CIT), Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand; Division of Molecular Medicine, Research Department, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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