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Thaiparambil J, Amara CS, Sen S, Putluri N, El‐Zein R. Cigarette smoke condensate induces centrosome clustering in normal lung epithelial cells. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8499-8509. [PMID: 36621828 PMCID: PMC10134322 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unlike normal cells, cancer cells frequently have multiple centrosomes that can cluster to form bipolar mitotic spindles and allow for successful cell division. Inhibiting centrosome clustering, therefore, holds therapeutic promise to promote cancer cell-specific cell death. METHODS We used confocal microscopy, real-time PCR, siRNA knockdown, and western blot to analyze centrosome clustering and declustering using normal lung bronchial epithelial and nonsmall-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cell lines. Also, we used Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software to identify novel pathways associated with centrosome clustering. RESULTS In this study, we found that exposure to cigarette smoke condensate induces centrosome amplification and clustering in human lung epithelial cells. We observed a similar increase in centrosome amplification and clustering in unexposed NSCLC cell lines which may suggest a common underlying mechanism for lung carcinogenesis. We identified a cyclin D2-mediated centrosome clustering pathway that involves a sonic hedgehog-forkhead box protein M1 axis which is critical for mitosis. We also observed that cyclin D2 knockdown induced multipolar mitotic spindles that could eventually lead to cell death. CONCLUSIONS Here we report a novel role of cyclin D2 in the regulation of centrosome clustering, which could allow the identification of tumors sensitive to cyclin D2 inhibitors. Our data reveal a pathway that can be targeted to inhibit centrosome clustering by interfering with the expression of cyclin D2-associated genes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chandra S. Amara
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Subrata Sen
- Department of Translational Molecular PathologyUT MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Nagireddy Putluri
- Department of Molecular and Cellular BiologyBaylor College of MedicineHoustonTexasUSA
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Lee RA, Uzzo RG, Anaokar J, Thomas A, Wei S, Ristau BT, McIntosh A, Lee M, Chen DYT, Greenberg RE, Viterbo R, Smaldone MC, Correa A, Schober J, Ginsburg K, Bukavina L, Magee D, Uzzo N, Parkansky P, Ruth K, Kutikov A. Pathological and Clinical Outcomes in a Large Surveillance and Intervention Cohort of Radiographically Cystic Renal Masses. J Urol 2023; 209:686-693. [PMID: 36630588 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated oncologic risks in a large cohort of patients with radiographic cystic renal masses who underwent active surveillance or intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A single-institutional database of 4,340 kidney lesions managed with either active surveillance or intervention between 2000-2020 was queried for radiographically cystic renal masses. Association of radiographic tumor characteristics and high-grade pathology was evaluated. RESULTS We identified 387 radiographically confirmed cystic lesions in 367 patients. Of these, 247 were resected (n=240) or ablated (n=7; n=247, 203 immediate vs 44 delayed intervention). Pathologically, 23% (n=56) demonstrated high-grade pathology. Cystic features were explicitly described by pathology in only 18% (n=33) of all lesions and in 7% (n=4) of high-grade lesions. Of the intervention cohort, African American race, male gender, and Bosniak score were associated with high-grade pathology (P < .05). On active surveillance (n=184), Bosniak IV lesions demonstrated faster growth rates than IIF and III lesions (2.7 vs 0.6 and 0.5 mm/y, P ≤ .001); however, growth rates were not associated with high-grade pathology (P = .5). No difference in cancer-specific survival was identified when comparing intervention vs active surveillance at 5 years (99% vs 100%, P = .2). No difference in recurrence was observed between immediate intervention vs delayed intervention (P > .9). CONCLUSIONS A disconnect between "cystic" designation on imaging and pathology exists for renal lesions. Over 80% of radiographic Bosniak cystic lesions are not described as "cystic" on pathology reports. More than 1 in 5 resected cystic renal lesions demonstrated high-grade disease. Despite this finding, judiciously managed active surveillance ± delayed intervention is a safe and effective management option for most radiographic cystic renal masses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall A Lee
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Robert G Uzzo
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jordan Anaokar
- Department of Radiology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Ashanth Thomas
- Department of Radiology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Shuanzeng Wei
- Department of Pathology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Benjamin T Ristau
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andrew McIntosh
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Matthew Lee
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Y T Chen
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Richard E Greenberg
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rosalia Viterbo
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Marc C Smaldone
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Andres Correa
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jared Schober
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kevin Ginsburg
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Laura Bukavina
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Diana Magee
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Nicole Uzzo
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Phyllis Parkansky
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Karen Ruth
- Department of Biostatistics, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Alexander Kutikov
- Division of Urologic Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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203
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Hodgson A, Kim V, Murali R. Cytologic features of gynecologic germ cell tumors and carcinomas exhibiting germ cell tumor differentiation. Cancer Cytopathol 2023; 131:254-261. [PMID: 36574209 PMCID: PMC10483219 DOI: 10.1002/cncy.22673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, the authors sought to describe the cytologic features of primary gynecologic germ cell tumors and carcinomas exhibiting germ cell differentiation because little information currently exists. METHODS An institutional database search was performed to identify histologically confirmed gynecologic germ cell tumors and carcinomas with germ cell tumor differentiation. Available cytologic material was reviewed by three observers, and morphologic features were recorded in addition to patient age at original diagnosis, primary tumor site, site(s) from which the examined cytologic material was obtained, and the type of examined cytologic preparations. RESULTS In total, 15 cytologic specimens from 12 women (aged 19-82 years) were identified and included touch preparations of core biopsies from various sites (n = 6), fine-needle biopsies (n = 2), pelvic washings (n = 1), ascitic fluids (n = 4), pelvic cyst fluid (n = 1), and endometrial aspirate (n = 1). Of the 12 patients, seven had primary gynecologic germ cell tumors, four had gynecologic (ovarian and endometrial) tumors exhibiting somatic yolk sac tumor-like differentiation, and the remaining patient had an intestinal-type adenocarcinoma arising within an ovarian teratoma. There was morphologic overlap among many of the cases, although cytoplasmic vacuolation/granular cytoplasm was seen in 75% of primary yolk sac tumors or carcinomas with yolk sac tumor differentiation, and dense/squamoid cytoplasm was seen in 100% of teratomatous elements that were sampled. CONCLUSIONS Germ cell tumors and somatic neoplasms exhibiting germ cell tumor differentiation occurring in adult women share some cytologic features and may be difficult to distinguish from one another, although some tumor types showed characteristic cytomorphologic findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjelica Hodgson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
- Laboratory Medicine Program, Toronto General Hospital – University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Veronica Kim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rajmohan Murali
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Zhang Y, Doran C, Le TK, Dreyfus B, Kola N, Sylvester BE, Lal L, Penrod JR, Meadows Shropshire S. Adverse events and clinical outcomes in patients treated with PD-(L)1 blockade for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Future Oncol 2023; 18:4509-4523. [PMID: 36942686 DOI: 10.2217/fon-2022-1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims: To describe, in patients with advanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer, the relationship between baseline immunosuppressive drug (ISD)/corticosteroid (CS) use, as well as the incidence of mild/moderate adverse events (AEs), and the clinical effectiveness of PD (L)-1 blockade. Patients & methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with no evidence (n = 131) or positive evidence (n = 269) of ISD/CS use. Results: Duration of treatment, time to next treatment, progression-free survival and overall survival were significantly reduced for patients with evidence of prior ISD/CS use. Occurrence of mild/moderate AEs did not affect any clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Prior ISD/CS use was associated with a poorer prognosis in advanced/metastatic non-small-cell lung cancer patients treated with PD-(L)1 inhibitors, but the occurrence of AEs had no effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | | | - Trong Kim Le
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Brian Dreyfus
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Nina Kola
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Brooke E Sylvester
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
| | - Lincy Lal
- ConcertAI, 6555 Quince, Suite 400, Memphis, TN 38119, USA
| | - John R Penrod
- Bristol Myers Squibb, 3401 Princeton Pike, Lawrence Township, NJ 08648, USA
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205
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Prakash G, Arora A, Bandini M, Basile G, Pal M, Griffiths G, Cornes R, Zhu Y, Rodriguez A, Alberson M, Necchi A, Master V, Pettaway CA, Spiess PE. Variations in Penile Cancer Management: Results From the Global Society of Rare Genitourinary Tumors Survey. Clin Genitourin Cancer 2023; 21:376-382. [PMID: 37037737 DOI: 10.1016/j.clgc.2023.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is paucity of evidence and consensus on various aspects of management of penile cancer (PeCa), which is intuitive considering the rarity of this disease. We present here the details of an online survey conducted by the Global Society of Rare Genito-urinary Tumors (GSRGT) with the aim of capturing the variations in PeCa care across different regions of the world. MATERIALS AND METHODS An online questionnaire was developed by experts within the GSRGT and then circulated via email in English and Spanish versions to clinicians dealing with PeCa. Respondents were allowed 8 weeks to reply. RESULTS We received 102 responses; the majority of them were from South America (37.2%) followed by North America and Asia (17.6% each). Only 11.7% of the respondents treated more than 25 patients with PeCa annually. Total penectomy is performed by 21.5% of the respondents in >50% of their patients. Less than a fifth of the experts (19.6%) responded that >50% of their patients are clinically node-negative (cN0) at presentation. For intermediate-risk cN0 patients (T1 G2 cancer), about a third of the experts chose surveillance. For invasive inguinal staging, the options of Dynamic Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (DSNB), Modified Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection (MILD), Superficial Inguinal Lymph Node Dissection (SILD), and Video-Endoscopic Inguinal Lymphadenectomy (VEIL) were chosen by 28.4%, 26.4%, 31.3%, and 13.7% of the respondents respectively. Considerable variation was seen in the worldwide use of these techniques. For clinically node-positive patients, respondents were in favor of giving adjuvant chemotherapy instead of neoadjuvant chemotherapy, except for cN3 patients. CONCLUSION The results of this questionnaire objectified the variations in global practices in the management of PeCa. This serves as the baseline information which can help prioritize research areas for multinational collaborative efforts, a key mission of the GSRGT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gagan Prakash
- Department of Uro-oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Amandeep Arora
- Department of Uro-oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Marco Bandini
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basile
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Oncology, URI, Urological Research Institute, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Mahendra Pal
- Department of Uro-oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, India
| | - Gareth Griffiths
- Clinical Trials Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Cornes
- ORCHID (Patient Advocacy Network), London, United Kingdom
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Maarten Alberson
- Department of Urology, University Hospitals of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Andrea Necchi
- Department of Medical Oncology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Viraj Master
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA
| | - Curtis A Pettaway
- Department of Urology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX
| | - Philippe E Spiess
- Department of Genitourinary Oncology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL.
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206
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Scott N, Cairns A, Prasad P, Rotimi O, West NP, Sanni L, Rizig M, Sood R, Rembacken BJ. Resection margin involvement after endoscopic excision of malignant colorectal polyps: definition of margin involvement and its impact upon tumour recurrence. Histopathology 2023. [PMID: 36939589 DOI: 10.1111/his.14903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Malignant polyps are examined to assess histological features which predict residual tumour in the unresected bowel and guide surgical decision-making. One of the most important of these features is resection margin involvement, although the best definition of margin involvement is unknown. In this study we aimed to investigate three different definitions and determine their impact on clinical outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS One hundred and sixty-five malignant polyps removed endoscopically were identified and histological features correlated with either residual tumour in subsequent surgical resections or tumour recurrence following a period of clinical follow-up. Involvement of the polyp margin by cancer was defined in three different ways and outcomes compared. Tumour recurrence was associated with tumour grade, mucinous histology and resection margin involvement. All three definitions of margin involvement separated polyps into clinically significant categories; however, a margin ≤ 1 mm identified 73% of polyps as 'high-risk' compared with 59.1% when involvement was defined as tumour within the zone of coagulation artefact at the polyp base or 50% when tumour was present at the margin. All three 'low-risk' groups had a locoregional recurrence rate < 6.5%. CONCLUSIONS Definitions of margin involvement for endoscopically removed malignant polyps in the colon and rectum vary between health-care systems, but a 1-mm clearance is widely used in Europe and North America. Our results suggest that a 1-mm margin is unnecessary and should be replaced by a definition based on tumour at the margin or within coagulation artefact at the polyp base.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Scott
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Alison Cairns
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Padmini Prasad
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Olorunda Rotimi
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Nicholas P West
- Pathology and Data Analytics, Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Latifu Sanni
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Muaaz Rizig
- Department of Histopathology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Ruchit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
| | - Bjorn J Rembacken
- Department of Gastroenterology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds, UK
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207
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Taylor JI, Souter LH, Barocas DA, Boorjian SA, Raman JD, Lotan Y. Diagnostic Imaging in the Evaluation of Asymptomatic Microhematuria: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Urol 2023; 209:1099-1106. [PMID: 36883858 DOI: 10.1097/ju.0000000000003395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Microhematuria is a highly prevalent condition with a low associated risk of urothelial and upper tract malignancy. The AUA Guidelines recently changed recommendations for imaging favoring renal ultrasound for low and intermediate risk patients with microhematuria. We summarize the diagnostic test characteristics of computed tomography urography, renal ultrasound, and magnetic resonance urography in comparison with surgical pathology for the diagnosis of upper urinary tract cancer in microhematuria and gross hematuria patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines from evidence collected for the 2020 AUA Microhematuria Guidelines report, including studies assessing imaging following diagnosis of hematuria published from January 2010 through December 2019. RESULTS The search identified 20 studies which reported the prevalence of malignant and benign diagnoses in relation to imaging modality, of which 6 were included in the quantitative analysis. For the detection of renal cell carcinoma and upper urinary tract carcinoma in patients with microhematuria and gross hematuria, computed tomography urography had a sensitivity of 94% (95% CI, 84%-98%) and a specificity of 99% (95%CI, 97%-100%) with a certainty of evidence rating of very low and low, respectively when 4 studies were pooled. In comparison, ultrasound demonstrated a sensitivity ranging from 14%-96% (low certainty of evidence) and a specificity of 99%-100% in 2 studies (moderate certainty of evidence), while magnetic resonance urography demonstrated a sensitivity of 83% and specificity of 86% in 1 study with a low certainty of evidence. CONCLUSIONS In a limited data set for each individual imaging modality, computed tomography urography appears the most sensitive imaging modality for the diagnostic evaluation of microhematuria. Future studies will be needed to evaluate the clinical and health system financial impacts of the change in guideline recommendations from computed tomography urography to renal ultrasound in evaluating low and intermediate risk patients with microhematuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob I Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
| | | | - Daniel A Barocas
- Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | | | - Jay D Raman
- Department of Urology, Penn State Health Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | - Yair Lotan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas
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208
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Kim JA, Kim JY, Jeong MJ, Kim SH, Kim SH, Kang MJ, Lee JH. [Primary Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Breast: A Case Report and Literature Review]. J Korean Soc Radiol 2023; 84:460-466. [PMID: 37051388 PMCID: PMC10083638 DOI: 10.3348/jksr.2022.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In general, neuroendocrine cancer develops in the digestive or respiratory tract, and when it is found in other organs, it is often due to metastasis. Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the breast occurs very rarely, and the exact clinical picture, radiological findings, treatment and prognosis are not well known. Furthermore, only a small number of literature reports have been published. Here, we report the imaging findings of primary neuroendocrine carcinoma in the breast of a 51-year-old female, along with a literature review.
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209
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Papanikolaou V, Kyrodimos E, Mastronikolis N, Asimakopoulos AD, Papanastasiou G, Tsiambas E, Spyropoulou D, Katsinis S, Manoli A, Papouliakos S, Pantos P, Ragos V, Peschos D, Chrysovergis A. Anti-EGFR/BRAF-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:151-156. [PMID: 36875315 PMCID: PMC9949544 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in significant genes located on chromosome 7 - including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and also v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B (BRAF) as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) - combined or not with numerical imbalances of the whole chromosome (aneuploidy-polysomy) are crucial genetic events involved in the development and progression of malignancies. Identification of EGFR/BRAF-dependent specific somatic mutations and other mechanisms of deregulation (i.e., amplification) is critical for applying targeted therapeutic approaches [tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs] or monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Thyroid carcinoma is a specific pathological entity characterized by a variety of histological sub-types. Follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC), papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), and anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) represent its main sub-types. In the current review, we explore the role of EGFR/BRAF alterations in thyroid carcinoma in conjunction with the corresponding anti-EGFR/BRAF TKI-based novel therapeutic strategies for patients with specific genetic signatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Papanikolaou
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - George Papanastasiou
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Evangelos Tsiambas
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - Despoina Spyropoulou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - Spyros Katsinis
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pamakaristos General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Arezina Manoli
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios Papouliakos
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, General Hospital "Gennimatas", Athens, Greece
| | - Pavlos Pantos
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Vasileios Ragos
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Peschos
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Aristeidis Chrysovergis
- 1st Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Quoc Ai D, Thi Thuy Hang H, Que Son T. Laparoscopic surgery for the diagnosis of abdominal effusion in the modern era of imaging - a retrospective study in a low-to-middle-income country. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:407-11. [PMID: 36923754 DOI: 10.1097/MS9.0000000000000266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal ascites is a consequence or combination of many different underlying diseases. Laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy is a tool for rapid and accurate diagnosis. Methods We retrospectively identified patients who could not be diagnosed by clinical examination, laboratory investigations, and imaging tests. Results A total of 103 (55 male and 48 female) patients were selected. The median age of the study group was 54 years (range 38-64 years). Typical clinical symptoms included fever (58.2%), abdominal pain (56.3%), and digestive disorders (62.1%). Fever and digestive disorders were higher in the peritoneal tuberculosis (TB) group than in the metastatic cancer group [(62.1% vs. 12.5%, P=0.009) and (66.3% vs. 12.5%, P=0.004)]. Abdominal pain was more common in the metastatic cancer group than in the other groups (100% vs. 55.8%, P=0.020). Patients in the TB and chronic inflammation groups had lower red blood cell counts and blood albumin (41 vs. 42, P=0.039) than those in the metastatic cancer group, respectively. The rate of intestinal wall thickening on ultrasound and peritoneal thickening on computed tomography was higher in the cancer group than in the benign group (87.5% vs. 7.4%, P=0.000) (75% vs. 23.2%, P=0.005), respectively. There was no difference in the median peritoneal fluid volume between the two groups (390 vs. 340, P=0.058). Pathological results showed 88.3%, 7.8%, and 3.9% of peritoneal TB, metastatic cancer, and chronic inflammatory lesions, respectively. The median hospital stay did not differ between the two groups (4 vs. 3 days, P=0.051). Both groups of patients had no morbidity or mortality. Conclusion Unidentified ascites and peritonitis must be difficult for making diagnose by conventional methods. Laparoscopy might be supportive of making a rapid diagnosis and starting early treatment.
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Pallauf M, D'Andrea D, König F, Laukhtina E, Yanagisawa T, Rouprêt M, Daneshmand S, Djaladat H, Ghoreifi A, Soria F, Fujita K, Boorjian SA, Potretzke AM, Mari A, Roumiguié M, Antonelli A, Bianchi A, Khene ZE, Sfakianos JP, Jamil M, Boormans JL, Raman JD, Grossmann NC, Breda A, Heidenreich A, Del Giudice F, Singla N, Shariat SF, Pradere B. Diagnostic Accuracy of Clinical Lymph Node Staging for Upper Tract Urothelial Cancer Patients: A Multicenter, Retrospective, Observational Study. J Urol 2023; 209:515-24. [PMID: 36475808 DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000003085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Treatment options for the management of upper tract urothelial cancer are based on accurate staging. However, the performance of conventional cross-sectional imaging for clinical lymph node staging (N-staging) remains poorly investigated. This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of conventional cross-sectional imaging for upper tract urothelial cancer N-staging. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was a multicenter, retrospective, observational study. We included 865 nonmetastatic (M0) upper tract urothelial cancer patients treated with curative intended surgery and lymph node dissection who had been staged with conventional cross-sectional imaging before surgery. We compared clinical (c) and pathological (p) N-staging results to evaluate the concordance of node-positive (N+) and node-negative (N0) disease and calculate cN-staging's diagnostic accuracy. RESULTS Conventional cross-sectional imaging categorized 750 patients cN0 and 115 cN+. Lymph node dissection categorized 641 patients pN0 and 224 pN+. The cN-stage was pathologically downstaged in 6.8% of patients, upstaged in 19%, and found concordant in 74%. The sensitivity and specificity of cN-staging were 25% (95% CI 20; 31) and 91% (95% CI 88; 93). Positive and negative likelihood ratios were 2.7 (95% CI 2.0; 3.8) and 0.83 (95% CI 0.76; 0.89). The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (0.58, 95% CI 0.55; 0.61) revealed low diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Conventional cross-sectional imaging had low sensitivity in detecting upper tract urothelial cancer pN+ disease. However, cN+ increased the likelihood of pN+ by almost threefold. Thus, conventional cross-sectional imaging is a rule-in but not a rule-out test. Lymph node dissection should remain the standard during extirpative upper tract urothelial cancer surgery to obtain accurate N-staging. cN+ could be a strong argument for early systemic treatment.
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212
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Peterson C, Hicks JL, De Marzo AM, Campbell AA, Eberhart CG, Dubielzig RR, Teixeira LB. Upregulated MYC expression and p53 mutations may contribute to the oncogenesis of canine Meibomian gland carcinomas. Vet Pathol 2023; 60:185-189. [PMID: 36541627 DOI: 10.1177/03009858221143400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sebaceous carcinomas of the human ocular adnexa commonly exhibit pagetoid spread, mutations in tumor-suppressor genes, and protooncogene copy number gain. Sebaceous carcinomas are rarely reported in other species, and while the Meibomian gland (MG) represents the most common ocular adnexal structure of the canine eyelid to develop neoplasia, most are clinically and histologically benign. The objective of this study was to compare molecular features of canine MG carcinomas and adenomas. Two retrospectively identified MG carcinomas were subject to immunohistochemistry and qPCR. When compared with normal glands, MYC was upregulated in benign and malignant MG neoplasms. Aberrant p53 expression was restricted to the nuclei of intraepithelial neoplastic cells in MG carcinomas. Adipophilin expression was diminished in MG neoplasms compared with the normal MG. Our findings, if confirmed in a larger cohort of cases, could suggest that MG oncogenesis in a dog may exhibit similar molecular features as their human counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J L Hicks
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - A M De Marzo
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - A A Campbell
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - C G Eberhart
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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213
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Fox AH, Nishino M, Osarogiagbon RU, Rivera MP, Rosenthal LS, Smith RA, Farjah F, Sholl LM, Silvestri GA, Johnson BE. Acquiring tissue for advanced lung cancer diagnosis and comprehensive biomarker testing: A National Lung Cancer Roundtable best-practice guide. CA Cancer J Clin 2023. [PMID: 36859638 DOI: 10.3322/caac.21774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in biomarker-driven therapies for patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) both provide opportunities to improve the treatment (and thus outcomes) for patients and pose new challenges for equitable care delivery. Over the last decade, the continuing development of new biomarker-driven therapies and evolving indications for their use have intensified the importance of interdisciplinary communication and coordination for patients with or suspected to have lung cancer. Multidisciplinary teams are challenged with completing comprehensive and timely biomarker testing and navigating the constantly evolving evidence base for a complex and time-sensitive disease. This guide provides context for the current state of comprehensive biomarker testing for NSCLC, reviews how biomarker testing integrates within the diagnostic continuum for patients, and illustrates best practices and common pitfalls that influence the success and timeliness of biomarker testing using a series of case scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam H Fox
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Mizuki Nishino
- Department of Imaging, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Raymond U Osarogiagbon
- Multidisciplinary Thoracic Oncology Program, Baptist Cancer Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - M Patricia Rivera
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Lauren S Rosenthal
- Prevention and Early Detection Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert A Smith
- Prevention and Early Detection Department, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Farhood Farjah
- Department of Surgery, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Lynette M Sholl
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Gerard A Silvestri
- Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Bruce E Johnson
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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214
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Contrera KJ, Shakibai N, Su SY, Gule-Monroe MK, Roberts D, Brahimaj B, Williams MD, Ferrarotto R, Phan J, Gunn B, Raza S, DeMonte F, Hanna EY. Impact of Clinical Factors and Treatments on SMARCB1 (INI-1)-Deficient Sinonasal Carcinoma. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2023. [PMID: 36856048 DOI: 10.1002/ohn.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to report outcomes for 19 consecutive patients with SMARCB1 (INI-1)-deficient sinonasal carcinoma. Patients were treated from 2014 to 2021 and followed for a median of 22.3 months. The median overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were 31.8 and 9.9 months, respectively. Patients with nasal cavity or maxillary sinus tumors had 84% better disease-specific survival (DSS) (hazard ratio [HR], 0.136; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.028-0.66; p = .005) and 71% better DFS (HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.097-0.84; p = .041) than patients with other sinonasal sites. Patients who received induction chemotherapy were 76% less likely to die of disease (DSS HR, 0.241; 95% CI, 0.058-1.00; p = .047). In the largest single-institution study of SMARCB1-deficient sinonasal carcinoma to date, OS and DFS approached 3 years and 1 year, respectively, but were better for nasal cavity and maxillary sinus tumors. Patients may benefit from induction chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin J Contrera
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nasim Shakibai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shirley Y Su
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria K Gule-Monroe
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dianna Roberts
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Bledi Brahimaj
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michelle D Williams
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Renata Ferrarotto
- Department of Thoracic-Head and Neck Medical Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jack Phan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Brandon Gunn
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Shaan Raza
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Franco DeMonte
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Ehab Y Hanna
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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215
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Poon WY, Paterson C, McLoone P, Grose D, Schipani S, Lamb C, James A, Wilson C. Survival outcomes in hypopharyngeal cancer in the West of Scotland Cancer Network. Clin Otolaryngol 2023; 48:235-239. [PMID: 36344424 DOI: 10.1111/coa.14003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Key Points
Most patients (82%) present with locally advanced disease.
Most patients (90%) have a smoking history, over one third have poor PS and all have co‐morbidities (58% single, 42% multiple).
7% of patients were unsuitable for investigations to obtain a histological diagnosis, nearly half of patients were unsuitable for anti‐cancer treatment.
In those treated radically, the pattern of treatment failure is loco‐regional.
Multi‐modality treatment with surgery and RT appears to confer a survival advantage in patients with stage 4a/b disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai-Yan Poon
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Derek Grose
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
| | | | | | - Allan James
- Beatson West of Scotland Cancer Centre, Glasgow, UK
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216
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De Magistris AV, Rossi F, Valenti P, Anson A, Penninck DG, Agut A, Specchi S. CT features of gastrointestinal spindle cell, epithelial, and round cell tumors in 41 dogs. Vet Radiol Ultrasound 2023; 64:271-282. [PMID: 36382620 DOI: 10.1111/vru.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is sparse published information on computed tomographic (CT) characteristics of canine gastrointestinal tumors. The purposes of this multi-center, retrospective, descriptive study were to describe the CT features of histologically-confirmed canine gastrointestinal spindle cell, epithelial, and round cell tumors and, when available, describe the corresponding ultrasound findings. The inclusion criteria were as follows: availability of pre-and post-contrast CT study, and a histopathological diagnosis of the lesions. Recorded parameters were tumor size, location, gastrointestinal wall layers involvement, lesion's growth and enhancement patterns, tumor margination, presence of stenosis, mineralization, ulcerations, lymphadenopathy, or other lesions in the abdomen/thorax. When available, ultrasound images were evaluated. Forty-one dogs met the inclusion criteria and had the following histological diagnoses: 21/41 (51%) spindle cells (7 leiomyomas, 14 leiomyosarcomas/gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs)), 13/41 (32%) epithelial (adenocarcinoma), and 7/41 (17%) round cell (lymphoma) tumors. The growth pattern was concentric, eccentric, and mixed in epithelial, spindle cell, and round cell tumors, respectively. Spindle cell tumors had the largest main volume and involved the outer gastrointestinal layer with an unaffected inner layer. Leiomyosarcomas/GISTs showed irregular margins compared to leiomyomas. Only lymphomas showed multifocal gastrointestinal involvement. Nine carcinomas and six spindle cell tumors caused partial stenosis with secondary sub-obstruction. Mineralizations were more frequent in spindle cell tumors (10/21) and absent in lymphomas. Lymphadenomegaly was widespread in lymphomas, regional in leiomyosarcomas-GISTs and adenocarcinomas, and absent in leiomyomas. The reported CT features may be useful in prioritizing the differential diagnosis between spindle cell, epithelial, and round cell tumors, similar to those reported on ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V De Magistris
- Diagnostic Imaging department, Ospedale Veterinario "I Portoni Rossi" Anicura Italy, Zola Predosa, Italy
| | - F Rossi
- Centro Oncologico Veterinario and Clinica Veterinaria dell'Orologio Anicura Italy, Sasso Marconi, Italy
| | - P Valenti
- Diagnostic Imaging department, Ospedale Veterinario "I Portoni Rossi" Anicura Italy, Zola Predosa, Italy.,Clinica Veterinaria Malpensa Anicura Italy, Samarate, Italy
| | - A Anson
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - D G Penninck
- Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine at Tufts University, Grafton, Massachusetts, USA
| | - A Agut
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - S Specchi
- Diagnostic Imaging department, Ospedale Veterinario "I Portoni Rossi" Anicura Italy, Zola Predosa, Italy
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217
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Oubella A, Bimoussa A, Byadi S, Laamari Y, Fawzi M, N'ait Ousidi A, Oblak D, Auhmani A, Riahi A, Morjani H, Ait Itto MY. Cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of some (R)-carvone-isoxazoline derivatives on human fibrosarcoma and carcinoma cells: experimental evaluation for cytotoxicity, molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1930-1943. [PMID: 35014592 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2025903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of isoxazoline derivatives with monoterpene scaffold 9a-e in HT-1080 fibrosarcoma, MCF-7, and MDA-MB-231 breast carcinoma, and A-549 lung carcinoma. The cytotoxic effects data revealed that compounds 9a-e generally induced significant cell growth inhibition in all cell lines, with IC50 ranging from 10 to 30 µM. However, for compounds 9c and 9e, the IC50 reached a value of 100 µM in HT-1080 cells. Compounds 9a, 9b, and 9d could induce apoptosis in HT-1080 cells as demonstrated by Annexin-V labeling and Caspase-3/7 activity. The apoptotic effect was accompanied by cell cycle arrest in the S phase. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics confirmed the empirical assay results and confirmed the stability of the complex with the inhibition of the anti-apoptotic protein, leading to cancer cell death. Overall, these data suggest that the proposed isoxazoline derivatives may be potential candidates for further investigation to evaluate their efficacy and optimal use in cancer treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Oubella
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdoullah Bimoussa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Said Byadi
- Equipe de spectroscopie d'extraction et de valorisation, Synthèse organique, Laboratoire d'extraction et de valorisation, Faculté des sciences d'Ain Chock, Université Hassan II, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Yassine Laamari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mourad Fawzi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdellah N'ait Ousidi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Domen Oblak
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aziz Auhmani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdelkhalek Riahi
- Equipe MSO, CNRS UMR 7312 Institut de Chimie Moléculaire Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, REIMS Cédex 2, France
| | - Hamid Morjani
- BioSpectroscopie Translationnelle, BioSpecT-EA7506, UFR de Pharmacie, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims Cedex, France
| | - My Youssef Ait Itto
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Laboratory of Organic Synthesis and Physico-Molecular Chemistry, Marrakech, Morocco
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218
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Caprini E, D'Agnese G, Brennan PA, Rahimi S. Human papilomaviru-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and radiomics: A new era? J Oral Pathol Med 2023; 52:300-304. [PMID: 36847112 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The increase of the incidence of human papillomavirus dependent oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is alarming, although we have greatly progressed in the classification and staging of this disease. We now know that human papillomavirus related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma is a sub-type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma with favourable prognosis and good response to therapy that needs a proper system of classification and staging. Thus, in routine practice it is essential to test patients for the presence of human papillomavirus. The most popular technique to assess human papillomavirus status is immunohistochemistry on biopsy samples with p16, which is an excellent surrogate for high-risk human papillomavirus infection. Another highly sensitive and specific tissue-based technique for the detection of human papillomavirus is RNAscope In situ hybridization that has a prohibitive cost, limiting its use in routine practice. Radiomics is an artificial intelligence based non-invasive method of computational analysis of computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and ultrasound images. METHODS In this review, we summarise the last findings of radiomics applied to human papillomavirus associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. RESULTS A growing body of evidence suggest that radiomics is able to characterise and detect early relapse after treatment, and enable development of tailored therapy of human papillomavirus positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Caprini
- Anatomia Patologica, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Giampaolo D'Agnese
- Information Technology, Istituto Dermopatico dell'immacolata IDI-IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Peter A Brennan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Queen Alexandra Hospital, Portsmouth, UK
| | - Siavash Rahimi
- Anatomia Patologica, Istituto Dermopatico dell'Immacolata IRCCS, Rome, Italy
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219
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Enache D, Ferro L, Morello EM, Massari F, Romanelli G, Nicoli S, Guazzetti S, Porporato F, Zini E. Thyroidectomy in dogs with thyroid tumors: Survival analysis in 144 cases (1994-2018). J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:635-647. [PMID: 36852498 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies have assessed predictors of outcome in dogs with thyroid tumors undergoing thyroidectomy. OBJECTIVE To estimate the survival and identify prognostic factors in dogs with thyroid tumors treated by thyroidectomy. ANIMALS A total of 144 client-owned dogs with thyroid neoplasia that underwent thyroidectomy. METHODS Retrospective study. Data for analysis included hospital attended and year of surgery, signalment, thyroxine concentration, thyroid tumor features (lobe involvement, size, invasiveness, histopathological type), thrombosis, metastasis, additional surgery and therapy, administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. The association of predictors with survival (time from surgery to death) were assessed by calculating cause-specific hazard ratios (HRcs ) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Causes of death were classified as thyroid-related or because of other cause. RESULTS Overall median survival time was 802 days (CI95% = 723-1015 days); 89 dogs (77.4%) survived >500 days. Metastases were identified at admission in 12 (8.3%) dogs and were associated with higher thyroid cancer-related fatality (HR = 5.83, CI95% = 1.56-21.78; P = .009). Thrombosis occurred in 40 dogs and was associated with increased risk of death because of other cause (HR = 2.73, CI95% = 1.18-6.35; P = .019). Nonfollicular carcinoma (HR = 4.17, CI95% = 1.27-13.69; P = .018) and administration of chemotherapy (HR = 3.45, CI95% = 1.35-8.82; P = .01) were associated with higher risk of thyroid cancer-related death. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Dogs with thyroid tumors undergoing thyroidectomy have a long life expectancy. Despite the rare presence of nonfollicular carcinoma and metastases, thyroidectomy should still be considered in some of these dogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Enache
- AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy
| | - Livia Ferro
- AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy
| | - Emanuela M Morello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Veterinarie, University of Turin, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | | | | | - Stefano Nicoli
- AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy
| | - Stefano Guazzetti
- Azienda Unità Sanitaria Locale-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Federico Porporato
- AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy
| | - Eric Zini
- AniCura Istituto Veterinario Novara, Granozzo con Monticello (NO), Italy.,Clinic for Small Animal Internal Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Animal Medicine, Production and Health, University of Padova, Legnaro (PD), Italy
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220
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Zhong H, Wang Z, Liu Y, Ke H, Liu P, Lian X, Xu Z. Efficacy and Safety of Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Ablation for Adrenal Metastases: A Meta-Analysis. J Ultrasound Med 2023. [PMID: 36840701 DOI: 10.1002/jum.16198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the efficacy and safety of ultrasound-guided percutaneous ablation (US-PA) for adrenal metastases (AMs) using a meta-analysis. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane, Web of Science, and Embase electronic databases was performed to identify studies on US-PA for AM. Seven studies published between January 2000 and August 2022 were analyzed, which resulted in a sample size of 140 patients. Both random effects and common effects meta-analysis models were used to analyze the following efficacy and safety outcomes: the first and secondary technical success rate, 1-year overall survival rates, 1-year local tumor control rate, incidence rate of intraoperative hypertensive crises, and major complications. The subgroup analysis was performed to explore the origin of heterogeneity. RESULTS Among 140 patients from 7 studies included in this meta-analysis: 51 (36.43%) underwent radiofrequency ablation (RFA), and 89 (63.57%) underwent microwave ablation (MWA). Pooled data analysis revealed that the first and secondary technical success rates were 85% (95% confidence interval [CI], 73-96) and 99% (95% CI, 96-100), the 1-year overall survival rate was 83% (95% CI, 71-93), the 1-year local tumor control rate was 83% (95% CI, 75-90), and the incidence rate of intraoperative hypertensive crises was 14% (95% CI, 8-20). The overall rate of major complications was 3.6%. In the subgroup analysis, lower heterogeneity was indicated to be associated with mean tumor size and ablation type. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis showed that US-PA can be both effective and safe for AM in terms of overall survival, technical success rate, and local control for AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huohu Zhong
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Zecheng Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yingchao Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Helin Ke
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Piaopiao Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Xihua Lian
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
- Department of Pathology and Biomedical Science, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Zhenhong Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
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221
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Borovcanin MM, Vesić K, Arsenijević D, Milojević-Rakić M, Mijailović NR, Jovanovic IP. Targeting Underlying Inflammation in Carcinoma Is Essential for the Resolution of Depressiveness. Cells 2023; 12. [PMID: 36899845 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In modern clinical practice and research on behavioral changes in patients with oncological problems, there are several one-sided approaches to these problems. Strategies for early detection of behavioral changes are considered, but they must take into account the specifics of the localization and phase in the course and treatment of somatic oncological disease. Behavioral changes, in particular, may correlate with systemic proinflammatory changes. In the up-to-date literature, there are a lot of useful pointers on the relationship between carcinoma and inflammation and between depression and inflammation. This review is intended to provide an overview of these similar underlying inflammatory disturbances in both oncological disease and depression. The specificities of acute and chronic inflammation are considered as a basis for causal current and future therapies. Modern therapeutic oncology protocols may also cause transient behavioral changes, so assessment of the quality, quantity, and duration of behavioral symptoms is necessary to prescribe adequate therapy. Conversely, antidepressant properties could be used to ameliorate inflammation. We will attempt to provide some impetus and present some unconventional potential treatment targets related to inflammation. It is certain that only an integrative oncology approach is justifiable in modern patient treatment.
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Dong J, Duan Y, Zhang K, Zhang X. Cutaneous Lymphadenoma: A Case Report and Literature Review. Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2023; 16:505-514. [PMID: 36860584 PMCID: PMC9969865 DOI: 10.2147/ccid.s378468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous lymphadenoma (CL) is an uncommon epithelioid tumor that is usually present on the head and face. It was first described by Santa Cruz and Barr in 1987, as a lymphoepithelial tumor, and was renamed as CL in 1991. Although CL is considered as a benign tumor, there are cases of recurrence after shave excision and metastasis to regional lymph nodes. Correct diagnosis and complete resection are of great importance. Here, we report a typical case of CL and make a comprehensive review of this rare skin tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Dong
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuntao Duan
- Department of Dermatology, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture People’s Hospital, Dali Medical College, Yunnan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kunning Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Xiuying Zhang, Department of Dermatology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, 8# South Road, Worker’s Stadium, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100020, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 15810698436, Email
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223
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Jinushi R, Tashima T, Sato R, Kawasaki T, Ryozawa S. Invasive lobular carcinoma metastasis mimicking primary gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e6953. [PMID: 36846175 PMCID: PMC9944045 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoscopic findings of gastric metastases from breast carcinoma are nonspecific, and often difficult to distinguish from primary gastric signet ring cell carcinoma. Therefore, pathological findings are key to diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuhei Jinushi
- Department of GastroenterologySaitama Medical University International Medical CenterSaitamaJapan,Department of Gastroenterology Medicine CenterShonan Kamakura General HospitalKamakuraJapan
| | - Tomoaki Tashima
- Department of GastroenterologySaitama Medical University International Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Ryo Sato
- Department of GastroenterologySaitama Medical University International Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Tomonori Kawasaki
- Department of PathologySaitama Medical University International Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
| | - Shomei Ryozawa
- Department of GastroenterologySaitama Medical University International Medical CenterSaitamaJapan
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Ghoreifi A, Seyedian SL, Piatti P, Chew YC, Jara B, Sanossian L, Bhasin JM, Yamada T, Fuchs G, Bhanvadia S, Sotelo R, Hung A, Aron M, Desai M, Gill I, Daneshmand S, Liang G, Djaladat H. A Urine-based DNA Methylation Marker Test to Detect Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Urol 2023;:101097JU0000000000003188. [PMID: 36795966 DOI: 10.1097/JU.0000000000003188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We explored the accuracy of a urine-based epigenetic test for detecting upper tract urothelial carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS Under an Institutional Review Board-approved protocol, urine samples were prospectively collected from primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients before radical nephroureterectomy, ureterectomy, or ureteroscopy between December 2019 and March 2022. Samples were analyzed with Bladder CARE, a urine-based test that measures the methylation levels of 3 cancer biomarkers (TRNA-Cys, SIM2, and NKX1-1) and 2 internal control loci using methylation-sensitive restriction enzymes coupled with quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results were reported as the Bladder CARE Index score and quantitatively categorized as positive (>5), high risk (2.5-5), or negative (<2.5). The findings were compared with those of 1:1 sex/age-matched cancer-free healthy individuals. RESULTS Fifty patients (40 radical nephroureterectomy, 7 ureterectomy, and 3 ureteroscopy) with a median (IQR) age of 72 (64-79) years were included. Bladder CARE Index results were positive in 47, high risk in 1, and negative in 2 patients. A significant correlation was found between Bladder CARE Index values and tumor size. Urine cytology was available for 35 patients, of whom 22 (63%) results were false-negative. Upper tract urothelial carcinoma patients had significantly higher Bladder CARE Index values compared to the controls (mean 189.3 vs 1.6, P < .001). The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the Bladder CARE test for detecting upper tract urothelial carcinoma were 96%, 88%, 89%, and 96%, respectively.Conclusions:Bladder CARE is an accurate urine-based epigenetic test for the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma, with much higher sensitivity than standard urine cytology.
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225
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Singh R, McCain S, Feldman SR. Refusal of Retreatment With Topical 5-Fluorouracil Among Patients With Actinic Keratosis: Qualitative Analysis. JMIR Dermatol 2023; 6:e39988. [PMID: 37632916 PMCID: PMC10335144 DOI: 10.2196/39988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Actinic keratosis (AK) is a common premalignant skin lesion, and topical 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used in field-directed therapy. However, 5-FU is associated with frequent local skin reactions. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to qualitatively assess experiences among patients with AK who refuse retreatment with 5-FU. METHODS Semistructured interviews were conducted with 10 adult participants who had received treatment with 5-FU for AK between January 1, 2017, and January 1, 2020, and refused future treatment with 5-FU. Results were analyzed using qualitative research methods. RESULTS Although most participants had low concern upon having received a diagnosis of AK, most felt that treatment is very important. When initiating treatment with 5-FU, most cited recommendation by their health care professionals as the primary motivator and initially had low concern regarding treatment. The side effects associated with treatment were physically and psychosocially burdensome for most participants and led to temporary lifestyle adjustments. After treatment, most did not believe that their health care provider prepared them for treatment or were unsure. While half of the participants felt that 5-FU helped treat AKs, half were either unsure, due to premature discontinuation, or did not think that 5-FU treated their AKs. CONCLUSIONS 5-FU is one of the most commonly prescribed treatments for AKs, yet most patients experienced both a physical and psychosocial burden with the treatment. Inability to assess efficacy due to premature discontinuation secondary to 5-FU-related reactions is common, and shared decision-making, navigating treatment options, and taking into account patient preferences may be critical to help assure better adherence and outcomes. Although our study was limited by input from participants who refused future treatment with 5-FU, most stated that they would still continue to seek treatment for AKs in the future and would consider other topical treatments, especially if associated with a milder tolerability profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Singh
- Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Sarah McCain
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Steven R Feldman
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, United States
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226
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Raffone A, Raimondo D, Maletta M, Travaglino A, Renzulli F, Neola D, De Laurentiis U, De Laurentiis F, Mabrouk M, Ianieri MM, Seracchioli R, Casadio P, Mollo A. Endometrial Cancer Arising in Adenomyosis (EC-AIA): A Systematic Review. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15. [PMID: 36831484 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometrial cancer arising in adenomyosis (EC-AIA) is a rare uterine disease characterized by the malignant transformation of the ectopic endometrium within the adenomyotic foci. Clinicopathological and survival data are mostly limited to case reports and a few cohort studies. We aimed to assess the clinicopathological features and survival outcomes of women with EC-AIA through a systematic review of the literature. Six electronic databases were searched, from 2002 to 2022, for all peer-reviewed studies that reported EC-AIA cases. Thirty-seven EC-AIA patients from 27 case reports and four case series were included in our study. In our analysis, EC-AIA appeared as a rare disease that mainly occurs in menopausal women, shares symptoms with endometrial cancer, and is challenging to diagnose preoperatively. Differently from EC, it shows a higher prevalence of the non-endometrioid histotype, advanced FIGO stages, and p53-signature, which might be responsible for its worse prognosis. Future studies are necessary, to confirm our findings and further investigate this rare condition.
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227
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Deng G, Tan X, Li Y, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Li J, Li Z. Effect of EGFR-TKIs combined with craniocerebral radiotherapy on the prognosis of EGFR-mutant lung adeno carcinoma patients with brain metastasis: A propensity-score matched analysis. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1049855. [PMID: 36845694 PMCID: PMC9948088 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1049855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung cancers are associated with a high risk of developing brain metastases (BM). Craniocerebral radiotherapy is a cornerstone for the treatment of BM, and EGFR-TKIs act on craniocerebral metastases". However, whether EGFR-TKIs combined with craniocerebral radiotherapy can further increase the efficacy and improve the prognosis of patients is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the difference in efficacy between targeted-therapy alone and targeted-therapy combined with radiotherapy in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with BM. Materials and Methods A total of 291 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and EGFR mutations were enrolled in this retrospective cohort study. Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted using a nearest-neighbor algorithm (1:1) to adjust for demographic and clinical covariates. Patients were divided into two groups: EGFR-TKIs alone and EGFR-TKIs combined with craniocerebral radiotherapy. Intracranial progression-free survival (iPFS) and overall survival (OS) were calculated. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to compare iPFS and OS between the two groups. Brain radiotherapy included WBRT, local radiotherapy, and WBRT+Boost. Results The median age at diagnosis was 54 years (range: 28-81 years). Most patients were female (55.9%) and non-smokers (75.5%). Fifty-one pairs of patients were matched using PSM. The median iPFS for EGFR-TKIs alone (n=37) and EGFR-TKIs+craniocerebral radiotherapy (n=24) was 8.9 and 14.7 months, respectively. The median OS for EGFR-TKIs alone (n=52) and EGFR-TKIs+craniocerebral radiotherapy (n=52) was 32.1 and 45.3 months, respectively. Conclusion In EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma patients with BM, targeted therapy combined with craniocerebral radiotherapy is an optimal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangchuan Deng
- School of Graduate Studies, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaojing Tan
- Department of Oncology, Dongying People’s Hospital, Dongying, China
| | - Yankang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Yingyun Zhang
- School of Graduate Studies, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Graduate Studies, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China,Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jianbin Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Jianbin Li, ; Zhenxiang Li,
| | - Zhenxiang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China,*Correspondence: Jianbin Li, ; Zhenxiang Li,
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228
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Huang P, Ni X, Zhou C, Shi Z, Wu F, Xiao Y, Yang C, Zeng M. Subcentimeter Nodules with Diagnostic Hallmarks of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Comparison of Pathological Features and Survival Outcomes with Nodules Measuring 1-2 cm. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2023; 10:169-180. [PMID: 36789251 PMCID: PMC9922505 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s401027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the pathologic diagnosis and survival of patients with subcentimeter and 1-2 cm nodules that present with diagnostic hallmarks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Methods Diagnostic hallmarks of HCC were defined as hyperintensity on T2 weighted imaging, restricted diffusion, arterial phase hyperenhancement, washout on portal venous phase, and hypointensity on hepatobiliary phase. We retrospectively included 139 patients undergoing curative resection with single nodules ≤2 cm that present imaging features described above on gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI. The final diagnosis was confirmed by histopathological assessment. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) was compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis with the Log-rank test. Factors associated with overall and early recurrence were identified using Cox regression analysis. Results Among 139 nodules (49 nodules <1 cm), there was no significant difference in the percentage of HCC between subcentimeter and 1-2 cm nodules (94.0% vs 94.4%, P > 0.999). Microvascular invasion (MVI) was less common in subcentimeter HCC (4.3% vs 17.6%, P = 0.032). There were 27 recurrences during a median follow-up time of 46.7 months. Patients with subcentimeter HCC achieved less recurrence, with a 5-year RFS rate of 87.3%. The MVI-positive patients had more early and overall recurrence. A tumor size <1 cm was associated with lower overall recurrence (HR, 0.336; P = 0.047). No factors were independently associated with early recurrence. Conclusion Subcentimeter nodules with diagnostic hallmarks of HCC are highly associated with HCC diagnosis and achieve less tumor recurrence after resection. Early diagnosis and treatment of subcentimeter HCC may be more appropriate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Huang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyan Ni
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changwu Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhang Shi
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Wu
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuyao Xiao
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chun Yang
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Chun Yang, Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 18702135336, Email
| | - Mengsu Zeng
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Department of Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Mengsu Zeng, Shanghai Institute of Medical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai, 200032, People’s Republic of China, Tel +86 13501922963, Email
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229
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Gedon J, Kessler M, Schmidt JM. Frontal sinus carcinoma in forty-one dogs (2001-2022). Vet Comp Oncol 2023; 21:231-239. [PMID: 36745079 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reports on canine frontal sinus carcinomas (FSCs) are scarce. This retrospective review of 41 dogs with FSC (2001-2022) describes demographic and clinical characteristics of canine FSC and reports the clinical experience and overall survival following treatment with toceranib phosphate (TOC) and meloxicam in 10 cases. Median age at diagnosis was 10.6 years (range: 6.5-15.4 years). There was a male-to-female-ratio of 2.4:1. The most common breeds were Jack Russell Terriers (JRT) (n = 7; 17.1%) and Rottweilers (n = 3, 7.3%). Mesocephalic breeds (70.6%) were most commonly affected, brachycephalics accounted for 8.8%. The most frequent clinical signs included skull deformation dorsomedial to the eye (87.5%), pain/head-shyness (40.0%), ocular (22.5%)/nasal (17.5%) discharge, and exophthalmos (17.5%). Duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis varied from a few days to 9 months. There were no neurological signs at initial presentation despite imaging evidence of osteolysis of the lamina interna of the frontal bone in most dogs (69.4%). In 11.5%, pulmonary changes suggestive of metastasis or concurrent primary pulmonary neoplasia were present. Tumour types included squamous cell carcinoma (58.5%), unspecified carcinoma (29.3%), and adenocarcinoma (9.8%). Ten dogs were treated with TOC (median 2.8 mg/kg EOD or three times per week) and meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg, EOD) (TOC-M), resulting in subjective regression of skull deformity in 8/10 (80.0%) patients. Overall median survival time with TOC-M was 183.5 days (range: 120-434 days). FSCs typically present with skull deformation, but no overt neurological signs. Male dogs and JRT may be overrepresented. The use of TOC-M in FSC appears promising and warrants further prospective evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Gedon
- Division of Oncology, Small Animal Clinic Hofheim, Hofheim, Germany
| | - Martin Kessler
- Division of Oncology, Small Animal Clinic Hofheim, Hofheim, Germany
| | - Jarno M Schmidt
- Division of Oncology, Small Animal Clinic Hofheim, Hofheim, Germany
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230
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Wang XS, Ramirez PT, Shi Q, Kamal M, Garcia-Gonzalez A, Iniesta MD, Cleeland CS, Meyer LA. Patient-reported symptoms at discharge and risk of complications after gynecologic surgery. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2023; 33:271-277. [PMID: 36600503 PMCID: PMC10009896 DOI: 10.1136/ijgc-2022-004016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current gaps in knowledge limit clinicians from fully implementing patient-reported outcomes in routine post-operative care. METHODS This prospective study assessed symptoms via the gynecologic module of the MD Anderson Symptom Inventory (MDASI-PeriOp-GYN) in patients who underwent open laparotomy. RESULTS At discharge, patient-reported moderate to severe (≥4 on a 0-10 scale) abdominal bloating or abdominal cramping, combined with length of stay of ≥4 days, were found to be associated with a higher risk of 30-day post-operative grade II-IV complications by the Clavien-Dindo system (all p values <0.01). Also, length of stay of ≥4 days and moderate to severe urinary urgency at discharge were found to be associated with the need for re-admission (all p values <0.01). CONCLUSION This study defined the clinically meaningful symptoms that related to the risk of developing important complications after discharge from major open gynecological surgery.These findings support the integration of assessment of patient-reported outcomes into patient-centered post-operative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shelley Wang
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Pedro T Ramirez
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Qiuling Shi
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Mona Kamal
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Araceli Garcia-Gonzalez
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Maria D Iniesta
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Charles S Cleeland
- Department of Symptom Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Larissa A Meyer
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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231
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Kehl A, Valkai M, Van de Weyer AL, Brockmann M, Steiger K, Schusser B, Aupperle-Lellbach H. miRNA Profiles of Canine Intestinal Carcinomas, Lymphomas and Enteritis Analysed by Digital Droplet PCR from FFPE Material. Vet Sci 2023; 10. [PMID: 36851429 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10020125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Most canine intestinal tumours are B-cell or T-cell lymphomas or carcinomas. They have to be distinguished from cases of enteritis. Non-invasive biomarkers such as miRNAs would be a step towards faster diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate shifts in miRNA expression in tissue samples collected from cases of enteritis, carcinoma and lymphoma of the small and large intestine to better understand the potential of miRNA as biomarkers for tumour diagnosis and classification. We selected two oncogenic miRNAs (miR-18b and 20b), two tumour suppressive miRNAs (miR-192 and 194) and two potential biomarkers for neoplasms (miR-126 and 214). They were isolated from FFPE material, quantified by ddPCR, normalised with RNU6B and compared with normal tissue values. Our results confirmed that ddPCR is a suitable method for quantifying miRNA from FFPE material. Expression of miR-18b and miR-192 was higher in carcinomas of the small intestine than in those of the large intestine. Specific miRNA patterns were observed in cases of enteritis, B-cell and T-cell lymphoma and carcinoma. However, oncogenic miR-18b and 20b were not elevated in any group and miR-126 and 214 were down-regulated in T-cell and B-cell lymphoma, as well as in carcinomas and lymphoplasmacytic enteritis of the small intestine.
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232
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Izuta M, Kuwamoto S, Kamiya T, Nagata K, Matsushita M, Inaga S, Kaido T, Umekita Y, Hayashi K, Kitamura Y. Imaging of Liver Tissues Using a Combination of Silver Impregnation and Low-Vacuum Scanning Electron Microscopy; A Simple Method for the High-Resolution Visualization of Reticulin Structures with Applicability to a Quantitative Analysis. Yonago Acta Med 2023; 66:78-86. [PMID: 36820283 PMCID: PMC9937975 DOI: 10.33160/yam.2023.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Low-vacuum scanning electron microscopy (LVSEM) enables the detailed three-dimensional imaging of archival tissues without special pretreatments. The clinical utility of LVSEM in the assessment of liver diseases has not yet been defined. So, we investigated the utility of LVSEM imaging in morphological assessments of normal and diseased liver tissues, with a focus on reticulin structures. Methods Formalin-fixed tissue samples of two normal livers and two hepatocellular carcinomas with background regenerative nodules/areas were stained with platinum blue stain or silver-impregnated using Watanabe's method and then comparatively observed under LVSEM. We also evaluated the applicability of LVSEM imaging of liver tissues to a quantitative analysis using a digital image analysis technique. Results Optimal high-resolution images of reticulin structures were obtained using 10-μm-thick silver-impregnated sections. Reticulin fibers were clearly observed to run dendritically around sinusoids in normal livers, and markedly increased in regenerative nodules/areas. Normal reticulin frameworks were lost in hepatocellular carcinoma, leaving a few fragments of reticulin fibers within tumors. Moreover, when a quantitative analysis was applied to these images, we successfully demonstrated a significantly higher reticulin fiber density in regenerative nodules/areas than in the normal liver (P < 0.05). Conclusion We not only obtained detailed three-dimensional images of reticulin structures in various liver tissues by LVSEM combined with silver impregnation but also showed their applicability to a quantitative analysis. The method presented herein may be applied to future studies for the more accurate diagnosis and better classification/risk stratification of various liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikihiro Izuta
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School
of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Satoshi Kuwamoto
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Tetsutaro Kamiya
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School
of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Keiko Nagata
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Pathophysiological
and Therapeutic Sciences, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University,
Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Michiko Matsushita
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School
of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Sumire Inaga
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-0853, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Kaido
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-0853, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Umekita
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Hayashi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Faculty of
Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
| | - Yukisato Kitamura
- Department of Pathobiological Science and Technology, School
of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503 Japan
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Ogunlana O, Panchbhavi VK, Norbury WB, Raji M. Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Foot Occurring in a Wart. Foot Ankle Spec 2023; 16:57-59. [PMID: 35016565 DOI: 10.1177/19386400211070431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Verrucous carcinoma is a rare form squamous cell carcinoma which appears similar to a wart. When it occurs in the feet, it can be easily misdiagnosed. It rarely metastasizes or recurs posttreatment. We report a case of a septuagenarian with recurrence of verrucous carcinoma diagnosed within 6 months at the site of previous treatment. Unique features in our patient's clinical presentation include his advanced age, being nondiabetic, and the rapid recurrence of carcinoma.Level of Evidence: Level IV: Case report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin Ogunlana
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (OO, VKP); Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (WBN); and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (MR)
| | - Vinod K Panchbhavi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (OO, VKP); Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (WBN); and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (MR)
| | - William B Norbury
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (OO, VKP); Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (WBN); and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (MR)
| | - Mukaila Raji
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (OO, VKP); Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (WBN); and Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas (MR)
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234
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Kraljević M, Marijanović I, Barbarić M, Sokolović E, Bukva M, Cerić T, Buhovac T. Prognostic and predictive significance of VEGF, CD31, and Ang-1 in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma treated with first-line sunitinib. Biomol Biomed 2023; 23:161-169. [PMID: 35674770 PMCID: PMC9901909 DOI: 10.17305/bjbms.2022.7675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The most common type of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), which has a high metastatic potential. Even though the International Metastatic RCC Database Consortium (IMDC) risk model is conventionally utilized for selection and stratification of patients with metastatic RCC (mRCC), there remains an unmet demand for novel prognostic and predictive markers. The goal of this study was to analyze the expression of Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Cluster of Differentiation 31 (CD31) to determine microvessel density, and Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) in primary kidney tumors, as well as their predictive and prognostic value in patients with metastatic ccRCC (mccRCC) who were treated with first-line sunitinib. The study included 35 mccRCC patients who were treated with first-line sunitinib in period between 2009 and 2019. Immunofluorescence was used to examine biomarker expression in tissue specimens of the primary tumor and surrounding normal kidney tissue. Median disease-free survival (DFS) was longer in patients with negative and low tumor VEGF score than in patients with medium tumor VEGF score (p=0.02). Those with low tumor CD31 expression had a longer median DFS than patients with high tumor CD31 expression (p=0.019). There was no correlation between Ang-1 expression and DFS. The expression of biomarkers in normal kidney tissue was significantly lower than in tumor tissue (p<0.001). In conclusion, higher VEGF scores and greater CD31 expression were associated with longer DFS, but neither of these biomarkers correlated with progression-free survival or overall survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Kraljević
- Oncology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina,Correspondence to Marija Kraljević:
| | - Inga Marijanović
- Oncology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Maja Barbarić
- Laboratory of Morphology, Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Emir Sokolović
- Clinic of Oncology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Merima Bukva
- Association of Basic Medical Sciences of FBIH, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Timur Cerić
- Clinic of Oncology, Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Teo Buhovac
- Oncology Clinic, University Clinical Hospital Mostar, Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
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235
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Eisenberg M, Deboever N, Antonoff MB. Salvage surgery in lung cancer following definitive therapies. J Surg Oncol 2023; 127:319-328. [PMID: 36630094 DOI: 10.1002/jso.27155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Salvage surgery refers to operative resection of persistent or recurrent disease in patients initially treated with intention-to-cure nonoperative management. In non-small-cell lung cancer, salvage surgery may be effective in treating selected patients with locally progressive tumors, recurrent local or locoregional disease, or local complications after nonoperative therapy. Importantly, those patients who may be candidates for salvage surgery are evolving, in terms of disease stage as well as the types of attempted definitive therapy received.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Eisenberg
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nathaniel Deboever
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Mara B Antonoff
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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236
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Psilopatis I, Damaskos C, Garmpi A, Sarantis P, Koustas E, Antoniou EA, Dimitroulis D, Kouraklis G, Karamouzis MV, Vrettou K, Marinos G, Kontzoglou K, Garmpis N. FDA-Approved Monoclonal Antibodies for Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma: What Do We Know So Far? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36769004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an advanced primary liver malignancy with a poor prognosis. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has, to date, approved nivolumab, pembrolizumab, ramucirumab, nivolumab/ipilimumab, atezolizumab/bevacizumab, as well as tremelimumab/durvalumab, as first- or second-line monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for unresectable HCC. The present review examines the current state of knowledge, and provides a useful update on the safety and efficacy of these therapeutic agents, thus attempting to define the suitability of each mAb for different patient subgroups.
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237
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Lai B, Shen Y, Guminski A, Shumack S, Mulligan SP. Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in a haematology-dermatology multidisciplinary clinic. Australas J Dermatol 2023; 64:291-295. [PMID: 36721350 DOI: 10.1111/ajd.13994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Lai
- St George Dermatology & Skin Cancer Centre, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yandong Shen
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander Guminski
- Department of Medical Oncology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen Shumack
- St George Dermatology & Skin Cancer Centre, Kogarah, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Dermatology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephen P Mulligan
- Department of Haematology, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia.,Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales, Australia
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238
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Treggiari E, Pellin MA, Romanelli G, Maresca G, Gramer I, Yale AD, Pecceu E, Pignanelli M, Borrego J, Purzycka K, Berlato D. Tonsillar carcinoma in dogs: Treatment outcome and potential prognostic factors in 123 cases. J Vet Intern Med 2023; 37:247-257. [PMID: 36705533 PMCID: PMC9889721 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.16623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tonsillar carcinomas are rarely reported in dogs. Information on outcome after treatment is sparse and prognosis is guarded to poor. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES Assess treatment outcome and potential prognostic factors in a population of dogs with cytological or histopathological diagnosis of tonsillar carcinoma. ANIMALS A total of 123 client-owned dogs with diagnosis of tonsillar carcinoma confirmed by cytology or histopathology. METHODS Retrospective, multi-institutional study. Medical records of 12 institutions were reviewed from 2012 to 2021. RESULTS Treatment included surgery, chemotherapy (conventional, tyrosine kinase inhibitors or metronomic chemotherapy), radiotherapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or a combination of these. Surgery was performed in 68 cases, chemotherapy was administered in association with NSAIDs in 64 cases, NSAIDs were used alone in 14 cases and in association with surgery in 21 cases, whereas radiotherapy was used alone or in combination with surgery or chemotherapy in 20 cases. Overall survival time (OST) was 126 days (95% confidence interval [CI], 88-164). Significantly longer survival (P < .001) was seen in dogs without evidence of metastatic disease (median survival time, 381 days; 95% CI, 116-646). Other significant positive prognostic factors included absence of clinicals signs at presentation, surgery (tonsillectomy), use of adjuvant chemotherapy and use of NSAIDs. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Asymptomatic dogs, those treated with surgery, those that received adjuvant chemotherapy, and those that received NSAIDs may have a better prognosis than previously expected, but overall survival remains short for dogs with tonsillar carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Irina Gramer
- Queen Mother Hospital for AnimalsRoyal Veterinary CollegeHertfordshireUK,Davies Veterinary SpecialistsHigham GobionHitchinUK
| | - Andrew D. Yale
- Queen Mother Hospital for AnimalsRoyal Veterinary CollegeHertfordshireUK
| | - Evi Pecceu
- Royal Dick School, Swann Cancer CenterUniversity of EdinburghEdinburghUK,Present address:
Dierenartsencentrum Hond en KatDeinzeBelgium
| | | | - Juan Borrego
- Aùna Especialidades VeterinariasPaternaValenciaSpain
| | - Katarzyna Purzycka
- Anderson and Moores Veterinary SpecialistsWinchesterUK,Present address:
Lumbry Park Veterinary SpecialistsHampshireUK
| | - Davide Berlato
- Dick White Specialists ReferralsSix Mile BottomCambridgeshireUK,Present address:
Animal Oncology and Imaging CenterHunenbergCHSwitzerland
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239
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Li Q, Li X, Liu W, Yu J, Chen Y, Zhu M, Li N, Liu F, Wang T, Fang X, Li J, Lu J, Shao C, Bian Y. Non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging-based radiomics model for the differentiation of pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1108545. [PMID: 36756153 PMCID: PMC9900003 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1108545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of radiomics model based on fully automatic segmentation of pancreatic tumors from non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for differentiating pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC) from pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Materials and methods In this retrospective study, patients with surgically resected histopathologically confirmed PASC and PDAC who underwent MRI scans between January 2011 and December 2020 were included in the study. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was conducted to develop a clinical and radiomics model based on non-enhanced T1-weighted and T2-weighted images. The model performances were determined based on their discrimination and clinical utility. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used for survival analysis. Results A total of 510 consecutive patients including 387 patients (age: 61 ± 9 years; range: 28-86 years; 250 males) with PDAC and 123 patients (age: 62 ± 10 years; range: 36-84 years; 78 males) with PASC were included in the study. All patients were split into training (n=382) and validation (n=128) sets according to time. The radiomics model showed good discrimination in the validation (AUC, 0.87) set and outperformed the MRI model (validation set AUC, 0.80) and the ring-enhancement (validation set AUC, 0.74). Conclusions The radiomics model based on non-enhanced MRI outperformed the MRI model and ring-enhancement to differentiate PASC from PDAC; it can, thus, provide important information for decision-making towards precise management and treatment of PASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Li
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China,Department of Radiology, 96601 Military Hospital of PLA, Huangshan, Anhui, China
| | - Xuezhou Li
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenbin Liu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jieyu Yu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yukun Chen
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiegong Wang
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xu Fang
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengwei Shao
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Yun Bian, ; Chengwei Shao,
| | - Yun Bian
- Department of Radiology, Changhai Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Yun Bian, ; Chengwei Shao,
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240
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Cha DI, Ahn SH, Lee MW, Jeong WK, Song KD, Kang TW, Rhim H. Risk Group Stratification for Recurrence-Free Survival and Early Tumor Recurrence after Radiofrequency Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15030687. [PMID: 36765645 PMCID: PMC9913840 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15030687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although the prognosis after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) may vary according to different risk levels, there is no standardized follow-up protocol according to each patient's risk. This study aimed to stratify patients according to their risk of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and early (≤2 years) tumor recurrence (ETR) after RFA for HCC based on predictive models and nomograms and to compare the survival times of the risk groups derived from the models. METHODS Patients who underwent RFA for a single HCC (≤3 cm) between January 2012 and March 2014 (n = 152) were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were classified into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups based on the total nomogram points for RFS and ETR, respectively, and compared for each outcome. Restricted mean survival times (RMSTs) in the three risk groups were evaluated for both RFS and ETR to quantitatively evaluate the difference in survival times. RESULTS Predictive models for RFS and ETR were constructed with c-indices of 0.704 and 0.730, respectively. The high- and intermediate-risk groups for RFS had an 8.5-fold and 2.9-fold higher risk of events than the low-risk group (both p < 0.001), respectively. The high- and intermediate-risk groups for ETR had a 17.7-fold and 7.0-fold higher risk than the low-risk group (both p < 0.001), respectively. The RMST in the high-risk group was significantly lower than that in the other two groups 9 months after RFA, and that in the intermediate-risk group became lower than that in the low-risk group after 21 months with RFS and 24 months with ETR. CONCLUSION Our predictive models were able to stratify patients into three groups according to their risk of RFS and ETR after RFA for HCC. Differences in RMSTs may be used to establish different follow-up protocols for the three risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ik Cha
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Hyun Ahn
- Department of Mathematics, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Woo Lee
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-3410-2518; Fax: +82-2-3410-2559
| | - Woo Kyoung Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung Doo Song
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Wook Kang
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunchul Rhim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 81 Irwon-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
- Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences & Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 06355, Republic of Korea
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241
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Sayan M, Hathout L, Kilic SS, Jan I, Gilles A, Hassell N, Kowzun M, George M, Potdevin L, Kumar S, Sinkin J, Agag R, Haffty BG, Ohri N. Reconstructive complications and early toxicity in breast cancer patients treated with proton-based postmastectomy radiation therapy. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1067500. [PMID: 36741008 PMCID: PMC9895832 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1067500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Postmastectomy radiation therapy (PMRT) decreases the risk of locoregional recurrence and increases overall survival rates in patients with high-risk node positive breast cancer. While the number of breast cancer patients treated with proton-based PMRT has increased in recent years, there is limited data on the use of proton therapy in the postmastectomy with reconstruction setting. In this study, we compared acute toxicities and reconstructive complications in patients treated with proton-based and photon-based PMRT. Methods A retrospective review of our institutional database was performed to identify breast cancer patients treated with mastectomy with implant or autologous reconstruction followed by PMRT from 2015 to 2020. Baseline clinical, disease, and treatment related factors were compared between the photon-based and proton-based PMRT groups. Early toxicity outcomes and reconstructive complications following PMRT were graded by the treating physician. Results A total of 11 patients treated with proton-based PMRT and 26 patients treated with photon-based PMRT were included with a median follow-up of 7.4 months (range, 0.7-33 months). Six patients (55%) in the proton group had a history of breast cancer (3 ipsilateral and 3 contralateral) and received previous RT 38 months ago (median, range 7-85). There was no significant difference in mean PMRT (p = 0.064) and boost dose (p = 0.608) between the two groups. Grade 2 skin toxicity was the most common acute toxicity in both groups (55% and 73% in the proton and photon group, respectively) (p = 0.077). Three patients (27%) in the proton group developed grade 3 skin toxicity. No Grade 4 acute toxicity was reported in either group. Reconstructive complications occurred in 4 patients (36%) in the proton group and 8 patients (31%) in photon group (p = 0.946). Conclusions Acute skin toxicity remains the most frequent adverse event in both proton- and photon-based PMRT. In our study, reconstructive complications were not significantly higher in patients treated with proton- versus photon-based PMRT. Longer follow-up is warranted to assess late toxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mutlay Sayan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,Department of Radiation Oncology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States,*Correspondence: Mutlay Sayan,
| | - Lara Hathout
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Sarah S. Kilic
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, United States
| | - Imraan Jan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Ambroise Gilles
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Natalie Hassell
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Maria Kowzun
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Mridula George
- Departments of Medicine, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Lindsay Potdevin
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Shicha Kumar
- Departments of Surgical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Jeremy Sinkin
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Richard Agag
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Departments of Surgery, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Bruce G. Haffty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
| | - Nisha Ohri
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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242
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Toffoli L, Bazzacco G, Conforti C, Guarneri C, Giuffrida R, Zelin E, di Meo N, Zalaudek I. Pilomatrix Carcinoma: Report of Two Cases of the Head and Review of the Literature. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:1426-1438. [PMID: 36826070 PMCID: PMC9955132 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pilomatrix carcinoma (PC) is a rare skin tumor arising from hair follicle matrix cells. It is locally aggressive with a high rate of local recurrence after surgical excision. Few cases in the literature have been described and the management is not well defined. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to present two cases of PC located on the head and review the relevant literature about epidemiology, clinical and dermoscopic evaluation, characteristics of local and distant metastases, local recurrence rate and management of this rare skin tumor. METHODS We consulted databases from PubMed, Research Gate and Google Scholar, from January 2012 to November 2022. We reviewed the literature and reported two additional cases. RESULTS We selected 52 tumors in middle-aged to older patients located mostly on the head. Dermoscopy evaluation was rarely performed in the pre-operative diagnostic setting. The most definitive treatment was wide local excision, but local recurrences were common. In total, we observed 11 cases of recurrences and 9 patients with locoregional or distant metastases. Four patients received adjuvant radiotherapy, two patients needed chemotherapy and local cancer therapy and one patient received radiochemotherapy. CONCLUSION Our reports and the review of the literature can provide a better awareness and management of this rare tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovica Toffoli
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Giulia Bazzacco
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Claudio Conforti
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Claudio Guarneri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morpho Functional Imaging, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Roberta Giuffrida
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Dermatology, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
- Correspondence: (G.B.); (R.G.)
| | - Enrico Zelin
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nicola di Meo
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
| | - Iris Zalaudek
- Dermatology Clinic of Trieste, Maggiore Hospital, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy
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243
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Ahmed A, Shukla A, Hubbell N, Almujarkesh MK, LaBuda D, Ouchi T. Early Identification and Intervention in Malignant Transformation of Respiratory Papillomatosis. Am J Case Rep 2023; 24:e937665. [PMID: 36624689 PMCID: PMC9841752 DOI: 10.12659/ajcr.937665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papilloma virus is a ubiquitous and preventable disease with the potential to cause recurrent respiratory papillomatosis. These papillomas affect the mucosal surface of the airways and may lead to airway obstruction. The papillomas require excision when breathing is compromised, and may be fatal if untreated. Rarely, these papillomas progress to cancer. CASE REPORT We report the case of a 21-year-old woman with a history of HPV 11- and 16-positive recurrent laryngeal and respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) since the age of 7 months, requiring multiple local resections in her respiratory tract. Chest CT demonstrated multiple cavitary lesions throughout both lungs with a rapidly growing mass that occupied most of her right lung. Imaging supported a diagnosis of malignant transformation to squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Bilateral involvement of the lungs indicated stage IVa squamous cell lung cancer, which is not curable. CONCLUSIONS Clinicians should suspect malignant transformation in patients with HPV type 11, especially if they have required multiple excisions. Earlier age at onset and number of excisions may be predictors for severity of the disease course. These patients need continued surveillance imaging to allow early interventions if malignant transformation occurs. We present the case of a 21-year-old being diagnosed with an incurable disease that may have been avoided with adequate preventive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amar Ahmed
- Department of Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University,Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Asmita Shukla
- Department of Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University,Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Natalie Hubbell
- Department of Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University,Detroit, MI, USA,Corresponding Author: Natalie Hubbell, e-mail:
| | | | - Dana LaBuda
- Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Takahiro Ouchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Detroit Medical Center/Wayne State University,Detroit, MI, USA
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Zabala A, Martín-Arregui FJ, Sagazola J, Santaolalla FJ, Santaolalla F. An evaluation of an innovative screening program based on risk criteria for early diagnosis of head and neck cancers. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1004039. [PMID: 36699893 PMCID: PMC9868380 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1004039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck cancer represents 3% of all cancers and is the cause of 5% of the deaths caused by cancer. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the implementation of a screening program to diagnose the early phase of the head and neck oncological processes. Methods We have studied 324 asymptomatic patients who had at least one major risk factor (habitual consumption of tobacco or alcohol) or two minor risk factors: family history of head and neck cancer of the upper aerodigestive tract, occupational exposure, poor oral hygiene and history of Human Papillomavirus or chronic inflammatory processes of the aerodigestive tract. Family and personal head and neck oncological medical history, ENT exploration, performance of CT scans or biopsies and program procedures were analyzed. Results The most usual referral criteria for being sent to a specialist was being a smoker (98.1%). 10.5% reported family histories of head and neck cancer, 9.9% reported occupational exposure, 7.1% were referred due to poor oral hygiene and 5.9% were referred for gastroesophageal reflux disease. Although being asymptomatic was a requirement for inclusion, we verified that, after the anamnesis, 9.6% of the patients had some symptom to which they did not give importance to 119 patients (36.7%) presented a lesion that potentially could become malignant, located in the larynx and hypopharynx (25%) and in the oral cavity and oropharynx (10.8%). Eighteen patients (5.56%) presented more than one lesion. The detection rate of neoplasia was 1.2% and the detection rate of pre-neoplastic lesions was 4.6%. There did exist a statistically significant ratio between the detection of pre-neoplastic lesions and occupational exposure to carcinogenic agents (p = 0.006), poor oral hygiene (p = 0.01) and gastroesophageal reflux disease (p = 0.007). Samples were taken for a pathological anatomy study in 30 patients (9.25%). In order to follow up the patients, 22.8% were controlled at hospital medical consultations, 11.1% were examined at outpatient consultation and 66% were given appointments for follow-up visits. Conclusions The use of this screening program could be a tool for the early diagnosis of malignant head and neck tumors and to foster healthy habits for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Zabala
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, IIS BioBizkaia, Basque Health Service/Osakidetza, Bilbao, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Martín-Arregui
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, IIS BioBizkaia, Basque Health Service/Osakidetza, Bilbao, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jon Sagazola
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, IIS BioBizkaia, Basque Health Service/Osakidetza, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Francisco Javier Santaolalla
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, IIS BioBizkaia, Basque Health Service/Osakidetza, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Francisco Santaolalla
- Otorhinolaryngology Department, Basurto University Hospital, OSI Bilbao-Basurto, IIS BioBizkaia, Basque Health Service/Osakidetza, Bilbao, Spain,Faculty of Medicine, University of the Basque Country, Bilbao, Spain,*Correspondence: Francisco Santaolalla ✉
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Zuccatosta L, Bizzarro T, Rossi G, Gallo G, Gasparini S, Ambrosini-Spaltro A. Immunohistochemistry for Claudin-4 and BAP1 in the Differential Diagnosis between Sarcomatoid Carcinoma and Sarcomatoid Mesothelioma. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13020249. [PMID: 36673059 PMCID: PMC9858564 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background. In the differential diagnosis between sarcomatoid carcinoma (SC) and sarcomatoid mesothelioma (SM), we aimed to investigate the role of Claudin-4 and BAP1, a panel recently used to distinguish conventional carcinoma from epithelioid mesothelioma. (2) Methods. We collected 41 surgical pleural biopsies of SM, 46 surgical resections of SC from different sites and 49 pleural biopsies of normal/hyperplastic mesothelium. All the cases were tested for Claudin-4 and BAP1 using immunohistochemistry. The statistical calculations of the sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were performed. (3) Results: Claudin-4 was negative in 41/41 SMs, while it was positive in 18/36 (50.1%) SCs (eight diffusely, 10 focally) within their sarcomatous component. BAP1 was lost in 23/41 SMs, while it was regularly expressed in 46/46 SCs. All the cases of the normal/hyperplastic mesothelium were negative for Claudin-4 and retained the regular expression of BAP1. The Claudin-4 expression was useful for detecting SC (sensitivity, 39.1%; specificity, 100%) and the BAP1 loss was useful for diagnosing SM (sensitivity, 56.1%; specificity, 100%). (4) Conclusions. The staining for Claudin-4 and BAP1 exhibited a low/moderate sensitivity in diagnosing SC and SM (39.1% and 56.1%, respectively), but a very high specificity (100%). Claudin-4 was expressed only in SC and BAP1 loss was noted only in SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Zuccatosta
- Pulmonary Diseases Unit, Azienda “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-071-5965851
| | - Tommaso Bizzarro
- Operative Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda USL Della Romagna, Infermi Hospital, 47900 Rimini, Italy
| | - Giulio Rossi
- Pathologic Anatomy Unit, Fondazione Poliambulanza, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Graziana Gallo
- Operative Unit of Pathologic Anatomy, Azienda USL della Romagna, “Bufalini” Hospital, 47521 Cesena, Italy
| | - Stefano Gasparini
- Pulmonary Diseases Unit, Azienda “Ospedali Riuniti”, 60126 Ancona, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Kraglund F, Villadsen GE, Jepsen P. Effects of Curative-Intent Treatments on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Survival in Alcohol-Related Cirrhosis: A Nationwide Study. Clin Epidemiol 2023; 15:39-48. [PMID: 36636732 PMCID: PMC9831002 DOI: 10.2147/clep.s393118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The aim of curative-intent treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is to restore the patients' survival to what it would have been, had they not developed HCC. We examined the chances of such 'statistical cure' from HCC in patients with cirrhosis due to alcohol-related liver disease (ALD cirrhosis). Patients and Methods Using nationwide Danish healthcare registries, all patients with ALD cirrhosis who were treated for HCC in 2004-2018 were identified and included in cohorts based on initial HCC treatment. We used cure fraction analyses to estimate the chance of being statistically cured by each HCC treatment. Results We included 1087 patients with HCC due to ALD cirrhosis, of whom 51 (4.7%) were treated with resection and 215 (19.8%) were treated with ablation. The cure fraction, ie the fraction of patients who experienced no excess mortality from HCC, was 31.8% (95% CI: 0.0-67.5) following resection and 22.9% (95% CI: 2.6-43.2) following ablation. In patients who were still alive five years after the initial HCC treatment, the likelihood of having been statistically cured at that time was 69.0% after resection and 60.2% after ablation. For both treatments, a 90% chance of having been statistically cured was reached after seven years. Conclusion Based on cure fraction analyses, resection for HCC statistically cures 31.8% of patients with HCC and underlying ALD cirrhosis, while ablation statistically cures 22.9% of patients. Seven years after curative-intent treatments for HCC, surviving patients are 90% likely to be statistically cured of HCC. This information is valuable to patients and the clinicians caring for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Kraglund
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,Correspondence: Frederik Kraglund, Email
| | | | - Peter Jepsen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark,Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
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Tomita Y, Kobayashi K, Kimura G, Oya M, Uemura H, Nishiyama H, Galsky MD, Nasroulah F, Collette S, Broughton E, Ünsal-Kaçmaz K, Kamisuki Y, Bajorin DF. Adjuvant nivolumab versus placebo following radical surgery for high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma: a subgroup analysis of Japanese patients enrolled in the phase 3 CheckMate 274 trial. Jpn J Clin Oncol 2023; 53:16-25. [PMID: 36300304 PMCID: PMC9825712 DOI: 10.1093/jjco/hyac155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The phase 3 CheckMate 274 trial demonstrated superiority of adjuvant nivolumab over placebo after radical surgery in patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma. However, the efficacy and safety of adjuvant nivolumab in Japanese patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma have not been clarified. METHODS Patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma were randomized to adjuvant nivolumab 240 mg or placebo (every 2 weeks via intravenous infusion) up to 120 days after radical surgery in CheckMate 274. RESULTS Of 49 patients in the Japanese subgroup, 27 and 22 patients were randomized to nivolumab and placebo, respectively. Eleven and 8 patients, respectively, had tumor PD-L1 expression level of 1% or more. The median disease-free survival times in the nivolumab and placebo groups were 29.67 months (95% confidence interval 7.79-not reached) and 9.72 months (95% confidence interval 4.73-not reached), respectively (hazard ratio 0.77, 95% confidence interval 0.35-1.69). The corresponding values in patients with tumor PD-L1 expression level of 1% or more were 29.67 months (95% confidence interval 2.63-not reached) and 25.95 months (95% confidence interval 5.59-not reached) (hazard ratio 1.10, 95% confidence interval 0.31-3.92), respectively. Treatment-related adverse events of Grade 3-4 occurred in 25.9 and 13.6% of patients in the nivolumab and placebo groups, respectively. The most common treatment-related adverse events in the nivolumab group were lipase increased, amylase increased and diarrhea. The changes in quality of life scores from baseline over time were similar in both groups. CONCLUSIONS The efficacy and safety results in the Japanese subgroup were consistent with the overall population of CheckMate 274.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiko Tomita
- Department of Urology, Molecular Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Ko Kobayashi
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Go Kimura
- Department of Urology, Nippon Medical School Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mototsugu Oya
- Department of Urology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Uemura
- Department of Urology, Kindai University Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nishiyama
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dean F Bajorin
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
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Kato N, Kudo M, Tsuchiya K, Hagihara A, Numata K, Aikata H, Inaba Y, Kondo S, Motomura K, Okano N, Ikeda M, Morimoto M, Kuroda S, Kimura A. Cabozantinib in Japanese patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: Final results of a multicenter phase II study. Hepatol Res 2023; 53:409-416. [PMID: 36601972 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.13876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Cabozantinib showed a favorable benefit-risk profile in Japanese patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in an open-label, phase II study (NCT03586973). This analysis presents cumulative data to final database lock. METHODS Patients with previously treated, advanced HCC received cabozantinib 60 mg/day. Progression-free survival (PFS) and tumor response rates in prior-sorafenib and sorafenib-naïve cohorts were assessed by independent radiology committee (IRC) and an investigator. Liver function was evaluated by albumin-bilirubin (ALBI) score. RESULTS Median cabozantinib exposure was 5.6 months. In the prior-sorafenib cohort (n = 20), median PFS was 7.4 months per IRC assessment and 5.6 months per investigator assessment. In the sorafenib-naïve cohort (n = 14), median PFS was 3.6 and 4.4 months per IRC and investigator assessment, respectively. Six-month PFS rate per IRC and investigator assessment in the prior-sorafenib cohort was 59.8% and 49.5%, respectively, and in the sorafenib-naïve cohort was 16.7% and 35.7%, respectively. Disease control rate by both IRC and investigator assessment was 85.0% in the prior-sorafenib cohort and 64.3% in the sorafenib-naïve cohort. Median overall survival (Kaplan-Meier estimate) was 19.3 and 9.9 months in the prior-sorafenib and sorafenib-naïve cohort, respectively. Mean ALBI score remained relatively constant in patients able to continue treatment. The most frequent adverse events were palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome, diarrhea, hypertension, and decreased appetite. No new safety concerns were identified. CONCLUSIONS Cabozantinib showed efficacy and a manageable safety profile in Japanese patients with advanced HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoya Kato
- Department of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Kudo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaoru Tsuchiya
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Hagihara
- Department of Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazushi Numata
- Gastroenterological Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Aikata
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Inaba
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Kondo
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenta Motomura
- Department of Hepatology, Iizuka Hospital, Iizuka, Japan
| | - Naohiro Okano
- Department of Medical Oncology, Kyorin University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Manabu Morimoto
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Oncology, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shingo Kuroda
- Statistical and Quantitative Sciences, Data Science Institute, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Kimura
- Oncology Cell Therapy and Therapeutic Area Unit, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Osaka, Japan
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KYRODIMOS EFTHYMIOS, CHRYSOVERGIS ARISTEIDIS, MASTRONIKOLIS NICHOLAS, PAPANASTASIOU GEORGE, TSIAMBAS EVANGELOS, SPYROPOULOU DESPOINA, KATSINIS SPYROS, MANOLI AREZINA, PAPOULIAKOS SOTIRIOS, PANTOS PAVLOS, RAGOS VASILEIOS, PESCHOS DIMITRIOS, PAPANIKOLAOU VASILEIOS. The Landscape of Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma. Cancer Diagn Progn 2023; 3:26-30. [PMID: 36632585 PMCID: PMC9801452 DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Thyroid carcinoma represents a leading malignancy among those derived from human endocrine systems. It comprises a variety of different histological subtypes, including mainly papillary carcinoma, follicular carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma, and medullar carcinoma. A broad spectrum of genetic imbalances, comprising gross chromosomal (polysomy/aneuploidy) and specific gene (mutations, amplifications, deletions) alterations, has been reported. Interestingly, the role of isolated, specific gene polymorphisms, especially of the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) type, in thyroid carcinoma is under investigation. SNPs are the most common genetic variations in the genome. The current molecular review focuses on the impact of specific SNPs on the biological behavior of papillary thyroid carcinoma in their carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- EFTHYMIOS KYRODIMOS
- First ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | | | - GEORGE PAPANASTASIOU
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - EVANGELOS TSIAMBAS
- Department of Cytology, 417 Veterans Army Hospital (NIMTS), Athens, Greece
| | - DESPOINA SPYROPOULOU
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical School, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | - SPYROS KATSINIS
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | - AREZINA MANOLI
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Thoracic Diseases General Hospital Sotiria, Athens, Greece
| | | | - PAVLOS PANTOS
- First ENT Department, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - VASILEIOS RAGOS
- Department of Maxillofacial, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - DIMITRIOS PESCHOS
- Department of Physiology, Medical School, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Taheri Soodejani M. Five Common Cancers in Iran in 2019: Secondary Analysis to Discovering Cluster of Cancers. J Prim Care Community Health 2023; 14:21501319231186923. [PMID: 37522573 PMCID: PMC10392151 DOI: 10.1177/21501319231186923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study reports the prevalence of the 5 most common cancers and their geographical distribution based on the last update of cancer statistics in Iran (2019). MATERIALS AND METHODS The data used in this study were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) studies. It was prepared regarding sex in different provinces. Moran's I test was used to check geographical correlation and identify hot spots and cold spots. A significance level of 5% was considered in all tests. RESULTS The most prevalent cancers among Iranian women reported Breast (312 per 100 000; 95% UI: 281-345), Thyroid (43 per 100 000; 95% UI: 26-51), Colon and Rectum (43 per 100 000; 95% UI: 39-47), Leukemia (33 per 100 000; 95% UI: 21 -41), and Uterine (29 per 100 000; 95% UI: 14-35) respectively; further, the most prevalent cancers among Iranian men reported Prostate (219 per 100 000; 95% UI: 158-258), Colon and Rectum (80; 72-88), Bladder (65 per 100 000; 95% UI: 58-71), Leukemia (40 per 100 000; 95% UI: 20-51), and Testicular (33 per 100 000; 95% UI: 20-48) respectively. CONCLUSION exclusive of any type of skin cancer, Breast, prostate, colon and rectum, bladder, thyroid, testicular, uterine, and leukemia are most prevalent cancers in Iranian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moslem Taheri Soodejani
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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