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Liu HX, Cao XY, Tong CR, Wu T, Wang T, Fan QZ, Wu P, Zhang X, Cai P, Zhu P. [Major molecular response to imatinib in a patient with acute mixed lineage leukemia expressing a novel BCR/ABL transcript]. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2009; 89:220-223. [PMID: 19552835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify the novel BCR/ABL transcript in a patient with acute mixed lineage leukemia (AMLL), and to evaluate the imatinib treatment response by quantitatively monitoring the aberrant BCR/ABL. METHODS Specimens of peripheral blood and bone marrow were obtained. By using several detect protocols, we found a novel BCR/ABL transcript in a patient with Ph-positive AMLL. The patient was treated with Imatinib and the aberrant BCR/ABL was quantitatively monitored to evaluate the clinical response. RESULTS On admission, cytogenetic analysis showed Philadelphia-chromosome (Ph) positive in the specimens, but BCR/ABL e1a2, b2a2, and b3a2 were negative. Morphological analysis of the bone marrow showed the myeloid blast cells accounted for 66%, and immunophenotyping analysis showed 2 groups of aberrant blast cells: myeloid and B lineage. Chemical therapy and bone marrow transplantation failed to control the disease, and a novel BCR/ABL transcript (GenBank: EF423615) was found by using several detection protocols. The novel fusion protein showed a deletion of 10 amino acids and H893Q compared with the common BCR/ABL b2a2 fusion protein. The patient was then treated with imatinib and hematological remission was soon achieved, and 5 months after the imatinib treatment the quantity of the aberrant BCR/ABL was gradually decreased to negative. During the treatment the patient had discontinued the drug once and just then the aberrant BCR/ABL became positive soon. Imatinib was administered again and molecular remission was soon achieved for the second time. By continued therapy with imatinib, the patient got sustained and complete molecular remission lasting 12 months so far. CONCLUSION The aberrant BCR/ABL may contribute to the clinical features of AMLL and the AMLL patients that have aberrant BCR/ABL may be sensitive to Imatinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-xing Liu
- Special Diagnosis Center, Daopei Hospital, Beijing 100049, China
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302
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Cai P, Zhu J, Huang Q, Fang L, Liang W, Chen W. Role of bacteria in the adsorption and binding of DNA on soil colloids and minerals. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 69:26-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2008] [Revised: 10/20/2008] [Accepted: 10/20/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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303
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304
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Wu Q, Hu L, Cai P, Li Y, Chen F, Kong L. Association analysis of TIM-1 -232G > A and 5383_5397 insertion/deletion polymorphisms with childhood asthma and total serum immunoglobulin E levels in middle China. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2009; 19:146-153. [PMID: 19476019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND One of the members of the T cell immunoglobulin (Ig) domain and mucin domain (TIM) gene family, TIM-1, located in the chromosome 5q31-33 region, has been associated with the development of T helper (T(H)) 2-biased immune responses and may be selectively expressed in T(H)2 cells. Previous studies have also shown an association between polymorphisms in the TIM-1 gene and asthma or asthma-related phenotypes. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to analyze the association between the TIM-1 polymorphisms -232G > A and 5383_5397 insertion/deletion (ins/del) and susceptibility to asthma in a group of patients from middle China. METHODS Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis and PCR-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used to detect -232G > A and 5383_5397 ins/del genotypes in 302 asthmatic children and 206 controls. Serum total IgE was measured by chemiluminescence and specific IgE to common aeroallergens by immunoblot analysis. RESULTS We found no association between the -232G > A polymorphism and asthma or total serum IgE levels or statistically significant differences between asthma and control subjects in terms of genotype and allele frequency for the 5383_5397 ins/del polymorphism.We did, however, detect a difference in total serum IgE levels for 5383_5397 ins/ins genotypes in individuals with atopic asthma (P < .05) in that they had higher IgE levels than those with del/del and del/ins genotypes. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the 5383_5397 ins/ins genotype in the TIM-1 gene is associated with elevated serum total IgE levels, particularly in individuals with atopic asthma. Further studies are needed to confirm such an association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Wu
- Department of Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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305
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Ou Y, Tong C, Zhang Y, Cai P, Gu J, Liu Y, Liu H, Wang H, Chu B, Zhu P. An improved design of PCR primers for detection of human T cell receptor beta chain repertoire. Mol Biol Rep 2008; 36:145-52. [PMID: 18716897 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-008-9328-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2008] [Accepted: 07/30/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of T cell receptor beta variable region (TCRBV) gene rearrangement is useful for clonal assessment of abnormal T cell proliferations in various diseases. However, most primer panels previously used can only amplify the third complementarity-determining region. Following IMGT database we established a panel of primers, which can amplify entire sequences of all functional TCRBV families. To confirm the usefulness of this panel of primers, we detected different TCRBV repertoires. In 15 healthy donors, most of the BV families were expressed and appeared as a Gaussian distribution. 13 acute myeloid leukemia patients showed monoclonal or oligoclonal changes of BV15 family, and some of them also had monoclonal or oligoclonal expansion of BV2, BV4, BV6 or BV13 families. In one patient after allo-hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, monoclonal proliferation of BV10 family occurred during graft-versus-host disease. In conclusion, this panel of primers improves our abilities to analyze TCRBV repertoire changes in related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Ou
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, 100034, China
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306
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Cai P, Teng ZP, Wu T, Zhang JF, Liu Y, Wang Z, Zheng WX, Xu GL, Tong CR. [The correlation between the polyomavirus DNA load and the dose of immunosuppressant]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 2008; 22:272-274. [PMID: 19105341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the correlation between the polyomavirus DNA load and the dose of immunosuppressant in patients with allogene bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) for preventing the development of post-transplantational hemorrhagic cystitis. METHODS Serial blood and urine samples from 122 cases of allo-BMT recipients were obtained and DNA was extracted from urine samples. Polyomavirus DNA-specific probe was synthesized and Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used for detecting the polyomavirus DNA loads and Fluorescence polarization immunoassay (FPIA) was performed for determining the dose of immunosuppressant Cyclosporin A (CsA) in blood. RESULTS The altered polyomavirus DNA load in urine was followed by concentration of CsA in blood. When the concentration of CsA in blood was higher than 86-105 ng/ml, the positive rate of polyomavirus DNA load was significantly increased and both presented the linable correlation. CONCLUSION In immunosuppression condition, polyomavirus DNA load correlated to the dose of immunosuppressant, which increased the risk of post-transplantational hemorrhagic cystitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- Beijing Dao Pei Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
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307
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Wang C, Cai P, Zhan Q, Mi Z, Huang Z, Chen G. Distribution of antiseptic-resistance genes qacA/B in clinical isolates of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in China. J Hosp Infect 2008; 69:393-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2008.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2008] [Accepted: 05/15/2008] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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308
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Rong X, Huang Q, He X, Chen H, Cai P, Liang W. Interaction of Pseudomonas putida with kaolinite and montmorillonite: A combination study by equilibrium adsorption, ITC, SEM and FTIR. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 64:49-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2007] [Revised: 12/14/2007] [Accepted: 01/08/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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309
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Zhou XY, Gao JB, Cai P, Huang QY. [Adsorption and desorption of Bt toxin on three kinds of minerals]. Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao 2008; 19:1144-1148. [PMID: 18655606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper studied the characteristics of the adsorption and desorption of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxin on goethite, kaolinite, and silica. The results showed that in phosphate buffer (pH 8), the adsorption isotherms of Bt toxin on the test minerals followed Langmuir equation (R2 >0. 9661), and the adsorbed amounts were in the order of goethite > kaolinite > silica. The Bt toxin was easily adsorbed on the minerals, and the adsorption could reach equilibrium after 1 hour. Within the range of pH 6-8, the amounts of Bt toxin adsorbed on goethite, kaolinite and silica decreased with increasing pH; in the range of 10 degrees C-50 degrees C, the amounts of the toxin adsorbed on goethite and silica decreased by 8.39% and 47.06%, respectively, while that on kaolinite increased slightly (5.91%). The infrared absorption spectrum showed that there was only a minor alteration of Bt toxin after adsorption. The toxin adsorbed on the minerals was not easily desorbed by deionised water, with the desorption rate ranged from 28.48% to 42.04% after three times washing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Refractories and Ceramics of Hubei Province, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, China.
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310
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Cai P, Huang Q, Li M, Liang W. Binding and degradation of DNA on montmorillonite coated by hydroxyl aluminum species. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2008; 62:299-306. [PMID: 18055187 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2007.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2007] [Revised: 10/27/2007] [Accepted: 10/29/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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311
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Xing YP, Cen XN, Tong CR, Gu JY, Cai P, Tao XY, Jin X, Zhu P. [T cells recognizing EBV-epitopes arose in co-culture of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from EB-infected patients and dendritic cells loaded with LMP2-mixed peptides]. Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2008; 16:392-396. [PMID: 18426672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The latent membrane protein 2 (LMP2) is a kind of protein expressed by EBV-infected cells. This study was aimed to investigate whether the stimulation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with peptides induces EBV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL). The peptides were mixture of LMP2 protein and available for people with different HLA types. Peripheral blood sample was collected from a patient with EBV-associated hemophagocytic syndrome. The mononuclear cells were isolated and cultured to obtain dendritic cells (DCs). Immature DCs were pulsed with MIX-LMP2 and added with different maturation-promoting factors. The auto-T lymphocytes were stimulated weekly with the harvested mature DCs loaded with MIX-LMP2, and totally for two times. Part of isolated lymphocytes was cultured without any stimulation as control. T-cell receptor (TCR) beta spectratyping was used to analyze the distribution of different T cell subgroups before and after culture. The phenotype of T lymphocytes was determined by flow cytometry. The IFN-gamma assay was used to estimate specific cytoxic activity of the cultured T cells. The results showed that the distribution of TCRbeta was changed according to analysis of TCR spectratypes. From the distribution of gene families of TCRbeta, the T lymphocytes were oligoclonal before culture, but shifted to a polyclonal after culture in vitro like the normalization of TCR diversity, suggesting the subgroups of lymphocyte could return to normal. The percentage of CD3+, CD3+CD8+ CD3+ CD45RA- CD45 RO+ on T lymphocytes from freshly isolated mononuclear cells were 70.73%, 42.99%, 27.56% respectively. After being stimulated twice with DC loaded with MIX-LMP2, they further increased to 95.17%, 52.54% and 81.41%. The percentages of CD3-CD56+ NK cells and CD4+CD35+ FOXP3+ regulation T cells seldom changed, from 2.12%, 0.03% to 2.35%, 0.02% respectively. The increase of CD3+CD45RA-CD45RO+ cells obviously indicated that most naive T cells could be activated. ELISA for IFN-gamma showed that when DCs loaded with LMP2 peptide were used as target cells, IFN-gamma level secreted by the T cells stimulated with LMP2 peptide-pulsed DCs was 805+/-16 pg/ml and 1729+/-49 pg/ml, the IFN-gamma level secreted by T cells stimulated twice with LMP2 peptide-pulsed DCs was 956+/-23 pg/ml and 2325+/-58 pg/ml respectively at effector-target ratios of 10:1 and 10:2. They were both significantly higher than that secreted by T cells without any stimulation (441+/-27 pg/m and 557+/-19 pg/ml) (p<0.05). But DCs unpulsed with LMP2 peptide were used as target cells, there were no significant differences between the T cells stimulated with LMP2 peptide-pulsed DCs and the T cells without stimulation (p>0.05). It is concluded that the antigen specific T cells recognizing EBV epitopes can be obtained by using DCs pulsed with MIX-LMP2 peptide in vitro, meanwhile the distribution of T cell subgroups can be changed and normalized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Xing
- Department of Hematology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
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312
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Tong CR, Teng ZP, Liu HX, Cai P, Ma SK, Zhen CL, Zeng Y, Lu DP. [Correlation between load of polyomavirus and hemorrhagic cystitis]. Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi 2007; 21:244-246. [PMID: 17971934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the correlation between polyoma virus load and hemorrhagic cystitis after allogeneic stem cells transplantation for prevention of hemorrhagic cystitis. METHODS Blood and urine specimens were collected from 40 healthy persons, 40 patient with stem cells transplantation and 20 cases complicated with hemorrhagic cystitis for determination of VP1 gene of polyomaviruses BK virus (BKV)/Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and simian virus 40 (SV40) by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and EvaGreen stain fluorescence quantitative assay. RESULTS In the peripheral blood, all genes of BKV/JCV and SV40 were negative, while BKV gene in urine and blood from healthy persons and patient with stem cells transplantation was 15% (6/40) and 100% (40/40), respectively. The gene of JCV was positive in 10% (4/40) and 12% (5/40), the gene of SV40 was negative. CONCLUSION Genes of BKV and JCV was detectable in urine specimens of healthy persons and there was a correlation between the load of polyomavirus and incidence of hemorrhagic cystitis.
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313
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Jiang D, Huang Q, Cai P, Rong X, Chen W. Adsorption of Pseudomonas putida on clay minerals and iron oxide. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2007; 54:217-21. [PMID: 17142018 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2006] [Revised: 10/18/2006] [Accepted: 10/19/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of Pseudomonas putida on minerals including montmorillonite, kaolinite and goethite was studied. The adsorption isotherms of P. putida on the examined minerals conformed to the Langmuir equation. The amount of P. putida adsorbed followed the order: goethite > kaolinite > montmorillonite. A greater extent of P. putida adsorption on minerals was observed in the range of temperature from 15 to 35 degrees C. The adsorption of P. putida on minerals decreased with the increase of pH from 3.0 to 10.0. Magnesium ion was more efficient than sodium ion in promoting P. putida adsorption on minerals. The results suggest that electrostatic interactions play a vital role in P. putida adsorption by soil colloidal factions. The information obtained in this study is of fundamental significance for the understanding of the survival and transport of bacteria in soil systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
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314
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Cai P, Huang QY, Lu YD, Chen WL, Jiang DH, Liang W. Amplification of plasmid DNA bound on soil colloidal particles and clay minerals by the polymerase chain reaction. J Environ Sci (China) 2007; 19:1326-1329. [PMID: 18232226 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60216-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify a 600-base pair (bp) sequence of plasmid pGEX-2T DNA bound on soil colloidal particles from Brown soil (Alfisol) and Red soil (Ultisol), and three different minerals (goethite, kaolinite, montmorillonite). DNA bound on soil colloids, kaolinite, and montmorillonite was not amplified when the complexes were used directly but amplification occurred when the soil colloid or kaolinite-DNA complex was diluted, 10- and 20-fold. The montmorillonite-DNA complex required at least 100-fold dilution before amplification could be detected. DNA bound on goethite was amplified irrespective of whether the complex was used directly, or diluted 10- and 20-fold. The amplification of mineral-bound plasmid DNA by PCR is, therefore, markedly influenced by the type and concentration of minerals used. This information is of fundamental importance to soil molecular microbial ecology with particular reference to monitoring the fate of genetically engineered microorganisms and their recombinant DNA in soil environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- State Key Laboratory ofAgricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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315
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Cai P, Huang Q, Zhu J, Jiang D, Zhou X, Rong X, Liang W. Effects of low-molecular-weight organic ligands and phosphate on DNA adsorption by soil colloids and minerals. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2006; 54:53-9. [PMID: 16945510 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/20/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption of DNA on montmorillonite, kaolinite, goethite and soil clays from an Alfisol in the presence of citrate, tartrate and phosphate was studied. A marked decrease in DNA adsorption was observed on montmorillonite and kaolinite with increasing anion concentrations from 0 to 5 mM. However, the amount of DNA adsorbed by montmorillonite and kaolinite was enhanced when ligand concentration was higher than 5 mM. In the system of soil colloids and goethite, with the increase of anion concentrations, a steady decrease was found and the ability of ligands in depressing DNA adsorption followed the sequence: phosphate > citrate > tartrate. Compared to H2O2-treated clays (inorganic clays), a sharp decrease in DNA adsorption was observed on goethite and organo-mineral complexes (organic clays) with increasing ligand concentrations. The results suggest that the influence of anions on DNA adsorption varies with the type and concentration of anion as well as the surface properties of soil components. Introduction of DNA into the system before the addition of ligands had the greatest amount of DNA adsorption on soil colloids and goethite. Organic and inorganic ligands promoted DNA adsorption on montmorillonite and kaolinite when ligands were introduced into the system before the addition of DNA. The results obtained in this study have important implications for the understanding of the persistence and fate of DNA in soil environments especially rhizosphere soil where various organic and inorganic ligands are active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
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316
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Cai P, Huang QY, Zhang XW. Interactions of DNA with clay minerals and soil colloidal particles and protection against degradation by DNase. Environ Sci Technol 2006; 40:2971-6. [PMID: 16719099 DOI: 10.1021/es0522985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Adsorption, desorption, and degradation by nucleases of DNA on four different colloidal fractions from a Brown soil and clay minerals were studied. The adsorption of DNase I and the structures of native DNA, adsorbed and desorbed, were also investigated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), circular dichroism (CD), and fluorescence spectroscopy, to determine the protection mechanism of DNA molecules by soil colloids and minerals against enzymatic degradation. Kaolinite exhibited the highest adsorption affinity for DNA among the examined soil colloids and clay minerals. In comparison with organomineral complexes (organic clays), DNA was tightly adsorbed by H2O2-treated clays (inorganic clays). FTIR spectra showed that the binding of DNA on kaolinite and inorganic clays changed its conformation from the B-form to the Z-form, whereas montmorillonite and organic clays retained the original B-form of DNA. A structural change from the B- to the C-form in DNA molecules desorbed from kaolinite was observed by CD spectroscopy and confirmed by fluorescence spectroscopy. The presence of soil colloids and minerals provided protection to DNA against degradation by DNase I. The higher level of protection was found with montmorillonite and organic clays compared to kaolinite and inorganic clays. The protection of DNA against nuclease degradation by soil colloids and minerals is apparently not controlled by the adsorption affinity of DNA molecules for the colloids and the conformational change of bound DNA. The higher stability of DNA seemed to be attributed mainly to the presence of organic matter in the system and the adsorption of nucleases on soil colloids and minerals. The information obtained in this study is of fundamental significance for the understanding of the behavior of extracellular DNA in soil environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
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317
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Cai P, Huang Q, Jiang D, Rong X, Liang W. Microcalorimetric studies on the adsorption of DNA by soil colloidal particles. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2006; 49:49-54. [PMID: 16581233 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2006.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2005] [Revised: 02/18/2006] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This study applied TAM air isothermal calorimeter to measure the adsorption enthalpies of DNA on eight colloidal fractions from permanent-charge and variable-charge soils. The adsorption of DNA on soil colloids was also examined by equilibrium adsorption analysis. The data evaluated from isotherms fitted by Langmuirean model revealed that the affinity of DNA for variable-charge soil colloids was higher than that for permanent-charge soil colloids. More tightly bound DNA molecules were observed on coarse clays and inorganic clays than on fine clays and organic clays, respectively. The adsorption enthalpies of DNA on permanent-charge soil colloids were higher than those on variable-charge soil colloids. DNA adsorption on organic clays is endothermic, whereas that on inorganic clays is exothermic. Dehydration and electrostatic repulsion were considered to cause the higher adsorption enthalpies of DNA with organic clays, while hydrogen bonding, ligand exchange and electrostatic attraction result in the lower DNA adsorption enthalpies on inorganic clays. The thermodynamic parameters presented in this study have important implication for providing further insight into mechanisms of the adsorption of DNA on soil particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
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318
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Huang Q, Liang W, Cai P. Adsorption, desorption and activities of acid phosphatase on various colloidal particles from an Ultisol. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2005; 45:209-14. [PMID: 16198547 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2005.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2005] [Revised: 07/28/2005] [Accepted: 08/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Adsorption, desorption and activity of acid phosphatase on various soil colloidal particles and pure clay minerals were studied. Higher adsorption amounts and low percentage of desorption of acid phosphatase were found on fine soil clays (<0.2 microm). Electrostatic force and ligand exchange are the major driving forces that are involved in the adsorption of enzymes on soil clays. More enzyme molecules were adsorbed on soil clays in the presence of organic components. However, enzymes on organic clays were more easily released. One-third of the enzyme on goethite was adsorbed via ligand exchange process. Some other interactions, such as van der Waals force, hydrophobic force and hydrogen bonding may be more important in the adsorption of enzyme on kaolinite and the enzyme in this system cannot be easily removed. Coarse clays (0.2-2 microm) and inorganic soil clays had higher affinities for enzyme molecules than fine clays and organic clays, respectively. The activity of enzyme bound on soil clays was inhibited and the thermal stability was increased in the presence of organic matter. Data obtained in this study are helpful for a better understanding of the interactions of enzymes with inorganic and organic constituents in soil and associated environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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319
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Wu ZH, Ping QN, Lei XM, Li JY, Cai P. [Effects of the liposomes coated by chitosan and its derivatives on the gastrointestinal transit of insulin]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2005; 40:618-22. [PMID: 16196267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
AIM To study the effect of the liposomes coated by chitosan and its derivatives as oral dosage form for peptide drugs on the gastrointestinal (GI) transit of drugs. METHODS Insulin-liposomes were prepared by reversed-phase evaporation. The in situ perfusion experiment was used to investigate the enteral absorption of insulin. The hypoglycemic effects of insulin were investigated using the glucose oxidase method after administration in rats. The insulin concentrations of serum and enteral tissues were determined by radio-immunoassay in rats. RESULTS In in situ local intestinal perfusion experiment, the duodenum was the best segment for the absorption of the insulin liposomes coated by chitosan (CH) or chitosan-EDTA conjugates (CEC) , and double-coated by CH-CEC; the colon was the best segment for the absorption of the insulin solution from rat intestine; but the best segment for the absorption of the uncoated and N-trimethyl chitosan chloride (TMC) coated insulin liposomes was unclear. In all segments, the enteral absorption of the insulin liposomes double-coated by CH-CEC was superior to that of other insulin liposomes. CONCLUSION The insulin-liposomes coated by chitosan and its derivatives can enhance enteral absorption of insulin and increase stability of insulin in GI tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Hong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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320
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Cai P, Kaphalia BS, Ansari GAS. Methyl palmitate: inhibitor of phagocytosis in primary rat Kupffer cells. Toxicology 2005; 210:197-204. [PMID: 15840433 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2005.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2004] [Revised: 02/02/2005] [Accepted: 02/05/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Kupffer cells are involved in phagocytosis and known to release biologically active mediators during early events of liver injury. Such functional properties of Kupffer cells can be modulated by methyl palmitate (MP). Therefore, efficacy of MP to modulate Kupffer cell function was evaluated in cultured primary Kupffer cells from rat liver. Phagocytic activity of Kupffer cells was measured by their capacity to phagocytize latex beads and the release of TNF-alpha, IL-10, IL-6, nitric oxide, and PGE2 was determined in cell culture medium after incubating the cells with various concentrations of MP for 24 h followed stimulation with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 6 h. To understand the mechanism of phagocytosis, we investigated the hydrolysis of MP, and determine ATP levels and activity of NF-kappaB in MP-inhibited Kupffer cells. A significant decrease was observed in phagocytosis. Phagocytosis evaluated at 0.5 mM MP was found to be time-dependent with a maximum decrease of 49% at 6 h. Exposure of Kupffer cells to MP followed by LPS stimulation showed a dose-dependent decrease in phagocytosis and reduced the release of TNF-alpha, IL-10, nitric oxide, and PGE2 but not of IL-6 levels in the supernatant as compared to the control. While ATP levels were unchanged, the nuclear factor NF-kappaB (p65) activity was inhibited in Kupffer cells treated with MP after LPS stimulation (35.6 RLU versus 49.6 RLU in control). Hydrolysis of MP was found to be time-dependent; maximum concentration of MP and palmitic acid (hydrolysis products) in the cell being at 3 and 6 h, respectively. In general, MP appears to reduce phagocytosis and levels of TNF-alpha, IL-10, nitric oxide, and PGE2 without affecting ATP levels and is probably mediated by NF-kappaB. This in vitro model is useful for detailed mechanistic studies of inhibition of phagocytosis by MP and other fatty acid esters.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cai
- Department of pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
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321
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Han S, Jiang Y, Humphreys GW, Zhou T, Cai P. Distinct neural substrates for the perception of real and virtual visual worlds. Neuroimage 2005; 24:928-35. [PMID: 15652326 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2004] [Revised: 09/23/2004] [Accepted: 09/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Virtual environments have been frequently used for training and skill improvement. However, do real and virtual worlds engage the same brain states in human perceivers? We measured brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while adults watched movie and cartoon clips, simulating real and virtual visual worlds, respectively. Relative to baselines using random static images, the medial prefrontal cortex (MPFC) and the cerebellum were activated only by movie clips of other humans. In contrast, cartoon clips of human and non-human agents activated the superior parietal lobes, while movie clips of animals also activated the superior parietal lobes. Our fMRI findings suggest that the perception of real-world humans is characterised by the involvement of MPFC and the cerebellum, most likely for on-line representation of the mental states of others, whereas the perception of virtual-world agents engages the parietal cortex in attention to actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Han
- Department of Psychology, Peking University, Beijing, PR China.
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322
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Wang L, Cai P, Galla HJ, He H, Flach CR, Mendelsohn R. Monolayer–multilayer transitions in a lung surfactant model: IR reflection–absorption spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. Eur Biophys J 2005; 34:243-54. [PMID: 15645307 DOI: 10.1007/s00249-004-0446-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2004] [Accepted: 10/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A hydrophobic pulmonary surfactant protein, SP-C, has been implicated in surface-associated activities thought to facilitate the work of breathing. Model surfactant films composed of lipids and SP-C display a reversible transition from a monolayer to surface-associated multilayers upon compression and expansion at the air/water (A/W) interface. The molecular-level mechanics of this process are not yet fully understood. The current work uses atomic force microscopy on Langmuir-Blodgett films to verify the formation of multilayers in a dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, dipalmitoylphosphatidylglycerol, cholesterol, and SP-C model system. Isotherms of SP-C-containing films are consistent with exclusion and essentially complete respreading during compression and expansion, respectively. Multilayer formation was not detected in the absence of SP-C. Most notable are the results from IR reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) conducted at the A/W interface, where the position and intensity of the Amide I band of SP-C reveal that the predominantly helical structure changes its orientation in monolayers versus multilayers. IRRAS measurements indicate that the helix tilt angle changed from approximately 80 degrees in monolayers to a transmembrane orientation in multilayers. The results constitute the first quantitative measure of helix orientation in mixed monolayer/multilamellar domains at the A/W interface and provide insight into the molecular mechanism for SP-C-facilitated respreading of surfactant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Newark College of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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323
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Wu ZH, Ping QN, Song YM, Lei XM, Li JY, Cai P. [Studies on the insulin-liposomes double-coated by chitosan and chitosan-EDTA conjugates]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2004; 39:933-8. [PMID: 15696937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the characteristics, the hypoglycemic efficacy and the pharmacokinetics of the insulin-liposomes double-coated by chitosan (CH) and chitosan-EDTA conjugates (CEC). METHODS Insulin-liposomes were prepared by reversed-phase evaporation. The protection of insulin against peptic and tryptic digestion was studied with HPLC. The hypoglycemic effects of insulin-liposomes were investigated using the glucose oxidase method after oral administration to rats. Serum insulin concentration in rats were determined by radio-immunoassay, and were assessed by Pkanalyst computer program. RESULTS The insulin-liposomes double-coated by CH and CEC was shown to protect insulin against digestion of pepsin, trypsin and gastrointestinal contents. In glucose tolerance test in normal rats, as compared with phosphate buffer solution control group, the insulin-liposomes coated by CH and CEC could reduce the glucose-induced peak of hyperglycemia. The reduction of the insulin-liposomes double-coated by CH and CEC was superior to that of other insulin-liposomes. When administered intragastrically to normal rats, the insulin-liposomes coated by CH and CEC could reduce glycemia measured after an overnight fast. The hypoglycemic effect the insulin-liposomes double-coated by CH and CEC was superior to that of other insulin-liposomes, and the dosage of 50 mu x kg(-1) decreased by 45.98% of initial blood glucose level at 1 h. As compared with subcutaneous injection, the relative pharmacological bioavailability was 17.02% calculated by area under the curve of glucose level versus time profile after oral administration of the insulin-liposomes double-coated by CH and CEC to rats. The serum insulin concentration-time curves were found to best fit the one-compartment open model. As compared with subcutaneous injection, the relative bioavailability was 8.91% calculated by the area under the curve of serum insulin concentration versus time profile after oral administration of the insulin-liposomes double-coated by CH and CEC to rats. CONCLUSION The stability and absorption of insulin-liposomes double-coated by CH and CEC was superior to that of the insulin-liposomes coated either by CH, or by CEC respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Hong Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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324
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Cai P, Flach CR, Mendelsohn R. An infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy study of the secondary structure in (KL4)4K, a therapeutic agent for respiratory distress syndrome, in aqueous monolayers with phospholipids. Biochemistry 2003; 42:9446-52. [PMID: 12899632 DOI: 10.1021/bi030052b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
KLLLLKLLLLKLLLLKLLLLK (KL(4)) has been suggested to mimic some aspects of the pulmonary surfactant protein SP-B and has been tested clinically as a therapeutic agent for respiratory distress syndrome in premature infants [Cochrane, C. G., and Revak, S. D. (1991) Science 254, 566-568]. It is of obvious interest to understand the mechanism of KL(4) function as a guide for design of improved therapeutic agents. Attenuated total reflection (ATR) IR measurements have indicated that KL(4) is predominantly alpha-helical with a transmembrane orientation in lipid multilayers (1), a geometry quite different from the originally proposed peripheral membrane lipid interaction. However, the lipid multilayer model required for ATR may not be the best experimental paradigm to mimic the in vivo function of KL(4). In the current experiments, IR reflection-absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) was used to evaluate peptide secondary structure in monolayers at the air/water interface, the physical state that best approximates the alveolar lining. In contrast to the ATR-IR results, KL(4) (2.5-5 mol %) films with either DPPC or DPPC/DPPG (7/3 mol ratio) adopted an antiparallel beta-sheet structure at all surface pressures studied > or =5 mN/m, including pressures physiologically relevant for lung function (40-72 mN/m). In contrast, in DPPG/KL(4) films, the dominant conformation was the alpha-helix over the entire pressure range, a possible consequence of enhanced electrostatic interactions. IRRAS has thus provided unique molecular structure information and insight into KL(4)/lipid interaction in a physiologically relevant state. A structural model is proposed for the response of the peptide to surface pressure changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Cai
- Department of Chemistry, Newark College of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
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325
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Flach CR, Cai P, Dieudonné D, Brauner JW, Keough KMW, Stewart J, Mendelsohn R. Location of structural transitions in an isotopically labeled lung surfactant SP-B peptide by IRRAS. Biophys J 2003; 85:340-9. [PMID: 12829488 PMCID: PMC1303089 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(03)74478-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant, a lipid/protein complex that lines the air/water interface in the mammalian lung, functions to reduce the work of breathing. Surfactant protein B (SP-B) is a small, hydrophobic protein that is an essential component of this mixture. Structure-function relationships of SP-B are currently under investigation as the protein and its peptide analogs are being incorporated into surfactant replacement therapies. Knowledge of the structure of SP-B and its related peptides in bulk and monolayer phases will facilitate the design of later generation therapeutic agents. Prior infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopic studies reported notable, reversible surface pressure-induced antiparallel beta-sheet formation in a synthetic peptide derived from human SP-B, residues 9-36 (SP-B(9-36)). In the current work, infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy is applied in conjunction with isotopic labeling to detect the site and pressure dependence of the conformational change. SP-B(9-36), synthesized with (13)C=O-labeled Ala residues in positions 26, 28, 30, and 32, shifted the beta-sheet marker band to approximately 1600 cm(-1) and thus immediately identified this structural element within the labeled region. Surface pressure-induced alterations in the relative intensities of Amide I band constituents are interpreted using a semiempirical transition dipole coupling model. In addition, electron micrographs reveal the formation of tubular myelin structures from in vitro preparations using SP-B(9-36) in place of porcine SP-B indicating that the peptide has the potential to mimic this property of the native protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol R Flach
- Department of Chemistry, Newark College of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
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326
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Shen C, Liu J, Wang D, Zhao H, Zhang G, Cai P, Tong C, Wang J. [Autologous lung cancer tissues derived gp96-peptide complex/dendritic cell vaccine induces the cytotoxic T cell response in vitro]. Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2002; 5:435-9. [PMID: 21333225 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2002.06.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate whether autologous lung cancer tissues derived gp96-peptide complex/dendritic cell vaccine could induce peptide specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response in vitro. METHODS A patient's tumor-derived antigens including gp96-peptide complexes and tumor cell lysate were co cultured with DCs derived from the same patient's bone marrow blood mononuclear cells. The various antigen/DC vaccines were used to stimulate peripheral lymphocytes. Interferon-γ (IFN-γ) level of activated lymphocytes was detected by ELISA method and the Cr51 release test was performed to evaluate the gp96-peptide specific CTL response in three kinds of target cells including the primary cultured tumor cells, PG cells and K562 cells. RESULTS IFN-γ could be observed from the supernate collected in all antigen groups after the cognate T lymphocytes were stimulated by various vaccines. The concentration of IFN-γ induced by gp96-peptide complexes/DC vaccine was higher than that of other groups. In addition, the killing effect of the activated T lymphocytes on patient's primary tumor cells was higher than that on PG and K562 cells. CONCLUSIONS Autologous tumor-derived gp96-peptide complexes can induce a peptide complex specific CTL response, and the CTL response is significantly intensified after DCs are pulsed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyang Shen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, P.R.China
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327
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Fu XH, Cai P, Lin QS. Studies on the Denaturation and Conformation of Choline Dehydrogenase. Sheng Wu Hua Xue Yu Sheng Wu Wu Li Xue Bao (Shanghai) 2002; 29:82-87. [PMID: 12219241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The substrate choline was able to improve the pH stability of choline dehydrogenase (CDH). It was found that during the thermal denaturation there were an increase of beta-structure and a decrease of the alpha-helix content. Changes in beta-structure were attributed to beta-turn and 3(10)-helix. The substrate had a protective effect on CDH thermal denaturation. The proportion of 3(10)-helix content of the SDS-denatured protein and that in the presence of substrate was 33% and 31.2% respectively; while, the corresponding proportion of beta-sheet was 29% and 10.6%, respectively. Moreover, when the absorption proportion of alpha-helix, random coil and the side-chain of tyrosine residues were concerned, it was found that the spectral property of the CDH treated by denaturants in the presence of substrate were rather similar to that of the non-denatured enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China
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328
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Zhang N, Pan L, Dai J, Wang B, Wang E, Zhang W, Cai P. Gamma Knife radiosurgery as a primary surgical treatment for hypersecreting pituitary adenomas. Stereotact Funct Neurosurg 2002; 75:123-8. [PMID: 11740180 DOI: 10.1159/000048393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECT To estimate the efficacy of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) especially as a primary surgical treatment for hypersecreting pituitary adenomas. METHODS 274 patients were treated with GKR. The mean tumor volume was 1.86 cm(3). The mean peripheral dose was 28.7 Gy. RESULTS 223 patients were followed up for an average of 31.6 months. The dose related to the tumor growth control and endocrinological normalization was detailed and statistical analysis of the data was performed. CONCLUSION GKR as a primary surgical treatment for hypersecreting pituitary adenomas may be safe and effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hua Shan Hospital & Shanghai Gamma Knife Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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329
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Yang LF, Peng ZH, Ren XM, Cheng GZ, Cai P. Spectroscopic and theoretical studies on copper(II) complex of maleinitriledithiolate and 1,10-phenanthroline. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2001; 57:2745-2754. [PMID: 11789875 DOI: 10.1016/s1386-1425(01)00463-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
A complete vibrational spectra analysis of the title complex is performed in this paper. The molecular geometry, binding, electron structure and spectroscopic properties for the title complex are studied in detail by PM3 or ZINDO/S method. It has been found that this complex has a planar structure belonging to the symmetry point group C2v and its ground state is the spin doublet state. By comparison with the observed results, it can be concluded that PM3 methods are reliable to calculate the vibrational spectra of this molecule. It is worth noting that the scientific method of assigning vibrational spectra for a complicated molecule containing metal is established herein for the first time by giving main fixed points and pivotal vibrational units. Besides the regular symbols, the new defined symbols eta and M play an important role in describing the vibrational modes accurately and vividly.
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Affiliation(s)
- L F Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Hubei, People's Republic of China
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330
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Cai P, Liu G, Hua Q, Wu Z, Xiao B. [The experimental study of intratemporal facial nerve regeneration in chitin chamber]. Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Ke Za Zhi 2001; 36:97-100. [PMID: 12761972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of intratemporal facial nerve regeneration in a chitin chamber. METHODS A left 6 mm intratemporal facial nerve gap was created in adult white rabbit, and a total of 48 animals were used. The proximal and distal stumps were bridged with chitin chamber (experimental group) and silicone chamber (control group). Regeneration of the nerve was assessed by gross observation, nerve electrophysiological test, histological examination and digital morphological analysis in both groups. RESULTS 1. Three months after implantation, the proximal transected neural stump was connected with the distal stump in the chitin chamber. Five months after operation, the regenerated nerve exhibited a more nature fascicular organization and the chitin tubes were completely absorbed. 2. Nerve evoked potentials showed better conduction ability in the chitin chamber. There were no significant difference in electrophysiological indices between the two chamber groups. 3. Most of the regenerated nerve fibers were myelinated nerve fibers, and axons and myelins had similar histograms between the experimental and control groups. 4. Five months after operation, the mean percentage of recovery of the regenerated nerve fiber area, axonal area and axonal number were more than 71% in the experimental group. There was no significant difference between the control and experimental groups. CONCLUSION These results suggested that intratemporal facial nerve could regenerate effectively within the chitin chamber in rabbits and such kind of chamber may be clinically useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, People's Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
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331
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Kuo YL, Tang Y, Harrod R, Cai P, Giam CZ. Kinase-inducible domain-like region of HTLV type 1 tax is important for NF-kappaB activation. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 2000; 16:1607-12. [PMID: 11080799 DOI: 10.1089/08892220050193038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Partial proteolysis of HTLV-1 Tax protein has revealed the region surrounding amino acid residues (88)KVL(90) to be highly exposed. The protein sequence surrounding this region ((81)QRTSKTLKVLTPPIT(95)) bears resemblance to the kinase-inducible domain (KID, (129)SRRPSYRKILNE(140)) of CREB and is involved in recruiting transcriptional coactivators, p300 and CBP, for trans-activating the viral long terminal repeat (LTR). Data have also revealed the KID-like region to be important for Tax binding to DNA. Here we report that single (K88A, V89A, L90A) and double alanine substitutions (V89A-L90A) in the (88)KVL(90) motif attenuate the ability of Tax to activate NF-kappaB. Deletions near or spanning this motif also had the same effect. The alanine substitutions affect HTLV-1 LTR activation and NF-kappaB activation differently, with K88A and V89A mutants showing much reduced activities for HTLV LTR activation while retaining attenuated but significant NF-kappaB-activating function. In contrast, although the L90A mutant is similarly attenuated for NF-kappaB activation, it showed significant activity in LTR trans-activation. Incorporation of both V89A and L90A substitutions in a V89A-L90A double mutant further reduced NF-kappaB activation and completely abrogated LTR trans-activation. In aggregate, these results demonstrate the importance of the KID-like domain of Tax and implicate its interaction with cellular factors other than p300/CBP in NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y L Kuo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA
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332
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Cai P, Smith D, Cunningham B, Brown-Shimer S, Katz B, Pearce C, Venables D, Houck D. 8-methyl-pyridoxatin: A novel N-hydroxy pyridone from fungus OS-F61800 that induces erythropoietin in human cells. J Nat Prod 1999; 62:397-399. [PMID: 10075801 DOI: 10.1021/np980450t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In the course of screening for small-molecule modulators of erythropoietin gene expression, a novel N-hydroxy pyridone was isolated from a culture of OS-F61800. Its structure was elucidated by extensive 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic and chemical studies. This compound induced erythropoietin gene expression fivefold at a concentration of 0.3 microM, which is about threefold greater potency than our previously identified erythropoietin inducers.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cai
- MYCOsearch, a subsidiary of OSI Pharmaceuticals, 4727 University Drive, Suite 400, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
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333
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Gu Y, Wang T, Cai P, Shen L. Division of C8 nerve root for treatment of spastic cerebral palsy in the upper limbs: a preliminary report. Chin Med J (Engl) 1998; 111:874-6. [PMID: 11189229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of C8 nerve root division on the treatment of spastic cerebral palsy in the upper limbs. METHODS Two patients were treated with division of the C8 never root. Supraclavicular incision was made to expose the C5-T1 nerve roots. The intraoperative electromyographic recording technique was used to monitor the responses from the flexor digitorum and flexor carpi ulnaris muscle groups simultaneously. The C5-T1 nerve roots were stimulated and the evoked muscle amplitude potentials (EMAP) were recorded from the muscle groups. The EMAP of the muscle groups obtained during electrical stimulation of the C8 nerve root was the largest, which was used as the basis for C8 nerve root division. RESULTS Division of the C8 nerve root slightly affected the function of the upper limb, and reduced the muscle tone of the flexor wrist and digitorum. CONCLUSION Division of the C8 nerve root can reduce the muscle tone of the flexor wrist and digitorum in a short time. The long-term effects need to be followed up further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Gu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University, Shanghai 200040, China
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334
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether F-wave results differ with the anode proximal or distal to the cathode, ie, if clinical anodal block exists. DESIGN Prospective study of 30 healthy volunteers undergoing nerve conduction and F-wave studies in one median nerve. A needle cathode electrode was used with a surface anode placed alternately proximal and distal to the cathode. The same electromyographer performed all studies with a Dantec Counterpoint machine. RESULTS F-wave latencies were essentially unaffected by distal versus proximal positioning. Minimum, maximum, and mean F-wave latencies correlated extremely highly (r=.973 to .988). For both F-wave and M-response latencies and amplitudes, differences between mean values obtained using the two methods were extremely small and were neither clinically nor statistically significant. The frequency of elicitation of F-waves may (p < .05) have been slightly (3.5%) lower when the anode was in the distal position. CONCLUSION Anodal block is not seen in F-wave studies when using needle electrode stimulations. Reversing the stimulator does not seem to be required. Further study with surface stimulating electrodes is underway to confirm results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kirshblum
- Spinal Cord Injury Services, Kessler Institute for Rehabilitation, West Orange, NJ, USA
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335
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Yang X, Chen Y, Cai P, Wang H, Chen J, Xia C. Application of zeeman modulation faraday spectroscopy to the measurement of a magnetic field. Appl Opt 1998; 37:4806-4809. [PMID: 18285940 DOI: 10.1364/ao.37.004806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report what is to our knowledge the first possibility of a NO(2) molecular magnetometer based on the Zeeman modulation magnetic rotation spectroscopic (ZM MRS) technique and the magneto-optic activity of NO(2). The linear dependence of the ZM MRS signal intensity on the modulating magnetic field is theoretically analyzed and experimentally measured. The design concept of the magnetometer and its main features are discussed.
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336
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Cai P, Smith D, Cunningham B, Brown-Shimer S, Katz B, Pearce C, Venables D, Houck D. Epolones: novel sesquiterpene-tropolones from fungus OS-F69284 that induce erythropoietin in human cells. J Nat Prod 1998; 61:791-795. [PMID: 9644066 DOI: 10.1021/np9800506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the course of our screening for small molecule modulators of erythropoietin gene expression, two novel sesquiterpene tropolones and pycnidone were isolated from a culture of OS-F69284 (ATCC 74390). Their structures were elucidated by extensive 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopic studies and chemical reactions. These compounds induced erythropoietin gene expression 5-fold at a concentration of 1-1.6 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cai
- MYCOsearch, a subsidiary of OSI Pharmaceuticals, 4727 University Drive, Suite 400, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
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337
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Heguy A, Cai P, Meyn P, Houck D, Russo S, Michitsch R, Pearce C, Katz B, Bringmann G, Feineis D, Taylor DL, Tyms AS. Isolation and characterization of the fungal metabolite 3-O-methylviridicatin as an inhibitor of tumour necrosis factor alpha-induced human immunodeficiency virus replication. Antivir Chem Chemother 1998; 9:149-55. [PMID: 9875386 DOI: 10.1177/095632029800900206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytokine tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) has been shown to play a role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication by activating transcription of the provirus in both T cells and macrophages. Therefore, agents that block TNF-alpha-induced HIV expression could have therapeutic value in the treatment of AIDS. We have sought to identify antiviral agents that block TNF-alpha induction of HIV LTR-directed transcription, using a cell-based, virus-free assay system in automated high-throughput screening. HeLa cells were transfected with an HIV LTR-luciferase reporter plasmid and a stable line was isolated in which TNF-alpha increased luciferase production by two- to threefold. This cell line was used to screen approximately 15,000 fungal extracts. An inhibitory activity specific for TNF-alpha-induced HIV LTR transcription was observed in culture OS-F67406. The active component was isolated and identified as a known metabolite, 3-O-methylviridicatin, by NMR and mass spectrometry. No biological activity has been associated with this compound previously. This compound blocks TNF-alpha activation of the HIV LTR in the HeLa-based system, with an IC50 of 5 microM, and inhibited virus production in the OM-10.1 cell line, a model of chronic infection responsive to induction by TNF-alpha, with an IC50 of 2.5 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Heguy
- OSI Pharmaceuticals, Uniondale, NY 11553, USA
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338
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Cai P, Smith D, Katz B, Pearce C, Venables D, Houck D. Destruxin-A4 chlorohydrin, a novel destruxin from fungus OS-F68576: isolation, structure determination, and biological activity as an inducer of erythropoietin. J Nat Prod 1998; 61:290-293. [PMID: 9514014 DOI: 10.1021/np970475c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In the course of screening for small-molecule modulators of erythropoietin gene expression, five destruxins were isolated from the fungal culture of OS-F68576. The structures were elucidated by extensive 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and by hydrolytic modification. One compound (destruxin-A4 chlorohydrin, 1) is a novel destruxin. All these compounds induced erythropoietin gene expression 5-fold at concentration of 0.2-2 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cai
- MYCOsearch, OSI Pharmaceuticals, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
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339
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Zhan M, Liu X, Cai P, Xu G. Resistant mechanisms of cisplatin in human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A549DDP. Chin J Cancer Res 1997. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02953875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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340
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Chen Z, Wang M, Cai P, Chen X. [Determination of ampelopsin and myricetin in Ampelopsis cantoniensis]. Zhong Yao Cai 1997; 20:23-5. [PMID: 12572492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2023]
Abstract
Ampelopsis cantoniensis (Hook. et Arn.) Planch. is a Chinese herbal medicine rich in flavonoids. A method to determine flavonoids in the herbal was studied. After the herbal was extracted in hot water, Ampelopsin and myricetin in the extract were separated by polyamide column with eluent of ethanol-water and measured by spectrophotometry. As results, 100 g of the dry herbal contains 25.2 g of ampelopsin (RSD = 1.7%, recovery = 97.0%) and 1.77 g of myricetin (RSD = 3.3%, recovery = 103%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510089
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341
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Chen D, Gu Y, Cai P. [Clinical and pathologic analysis of 33 cases of brachial plexus neurinoma]. Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 1995; 33:488-9. [PMID: 8706567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Clinical and pathological findings in 33 cases of brachial plexus neurinoma are reported. In 30 cases (90.91%) the diagnosis was proved to be correct by postoperative histological sections, and in other 3 cases (9.09%) the diagnosis couldn't be made preoperatively. The 33 cases were subjected to surgical resections and 18 (54.55%) of them still felt numbness and pain within two weeks after surgery. Sixteen cases were followed up for three months and 14 (87.5%) of them felt numbness by percussion over the incision. All the 33 cases had no brachial plexus traumatic complication postoperatively.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chen
- Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University
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342
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Chen D, Cai P, Lao G, Gu Y. Quadrilateral space syndrome. Chin Med J (Engl) 1995; 108:109-12. [PMID: 7774383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied 4 cases of quadrilateral space syndrome. Though the syndrome is quite uncommon, it might be discovered by examination of the patient complaining of pain of neck and shoulder especially when the tenderness in the quadrilateral space. Early surgical decompression is indicated as soon as diagnosis is made.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical University
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343
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Affiliation(s)
- H M Kagan
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University School of Medicine, Massachusetts 02118, USA
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344
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Panush RS, Cai P, Chuzchin Y, Cintron M, Kramer N, Paolino J, Rosenstein ED, Janelli M, Smith L. Nutritional therapy for active arthritis in pregnant or breast feeding women. Preliminary observations. J Rheumatol 1994; 21:967-968. [PMID: 8064746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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345
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Abstract
A Southern blot-based assay is presented that increases the simplicity and accuracy of the HER-2/neu gene copy number assignment in breast cancer DNA. Genomic DNA was hybridized simultaneously with probes corresponding to portions of HER-2/neu and a single-copy gene, myeloperoxidase. A unique restriction fragment was detected for each gene. The use of DNA probes of similar mass and equal specific activities resulted in a ratio of band intensities on the resultant autoradiograph that reported the ratio of gene copy numbers directly. Patient samples containing amplified levels of the HER-2/neu gene were identified by simple visual inspection of a single autoradiograph. Analysis of breast cancer samples alongside the cell line DNAs, representing a range of HER-2/neu gene copy numbers, permits visual quantitation of the tumors' gene copy numbers. The authors show that the HER-2/neu gene copy number can be determined accurately in marginally degraded DNA, a feature of some clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- D H Farkas
- Department of Clinical Pathology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI 48073-6769
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346
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347
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Xu TM, Lin JX, Huang JF, Cai P, Tan QF. Effect of the vertical force component of Class II elastics on the anterior intrusive force of maxillary archwire. Eur J Orthod 1992; 14:280-4. [PMID: 1516660 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/14.4.280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Class II elastics are usually employed in the treatment of excessive overbite and overjet with the Begg technique. The effect of Class II elastics on bite opening and the extent of such an effect is uncertain. This article, based on measurements of 30 cases, illustrates that the effect of the vertical component of force from Class II elastics in reducing the intrusive force generated by the anchor bands in the upper archwire is less than previously believed. The position of the circles in the archwire for intermaxillary elastics has the greatest influence on the anterior intrusive force of the upper archwire. The direction of the Class II elastics and the length of the dental arch (a negative correlation) came second, while the force actually exerted by the elastics had the smallest influence. It is, therefore, suggested that the position of the intermaxillary elastic circles should be located according to the differing clinical objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Medical University, Weigongcun, Haidian District, China
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348
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