4551
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Bombeiro AL, Thomé R, Oliveira Nunes SL, Monteiro Moreira B, Verinaud L, de Oliveira ALR. MHC-I and PirB Upregulation in the Central and Peripheral Nervous System following Sciatic Nerve Injury. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161463. [PMID: 27551751 PMCID: PMC4995013 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Major histocompatibility complex class one (MHC-I) antigen-presenting molecules participate in central nervous system (CNS) synaptic plasticity, as does the paired immunoglobulin-like receptor B (PirB), an MHC-I ligand that can inhibit immune-cells and bind to myelin axon growth inhibitors. Based on the dual roles of both molecules in the immune and nervous systems, we evaluated their expression in the central and peripheral nervous system (PNS) following sciatic nerve injury in mice. Increased PirB and MHC-I protein and gene expression is present in the spinal cord one week after nerve transection, PirB being mostly expressed in the neuropile region. In the crushed nerve, MHC-I protein levels increased 2 weeks after lesion (wal) and progressively decreased over the next eight weeks. The same kinetics were observed for infiltrating cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) but not for PirB expression, which continuously increased. Both MHC-I and PirB were found in macrophages and Schwann cells but rarely in axons. Interestingly, at 8 wal, PirB was mainly restricted to the myelin sheath. Our findings reinforce the participation of MHC-I and PirB in CNS plasticity events. In contrast, opposing expression levels of these molecules were found in the PNS, so that MHC-I and PirB seem to be mostly implicated in antigen presentation to CTLs and axon myelination, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Luis Bombeiro
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, CEP: 13083–865, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Thomé
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, CEP: 13083–865, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Luiz Oliveira Nunes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, CEP: 13083–865, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Monteiro Moreira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, CEP: 13083–865, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Liana Verinaud
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, CEP: 13083–865, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Leite Rodrigues de Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas – UNICAMP, Rua Monteiro Lobato, 255, CEP: 13083–865, Campinas, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4552
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Ceacero TM, Mercadante MEZ, Cyrillo JNDSG, Canesin RC, Bonilha SFM, de Albuquerque LG. Phenotypic and Genetic Correlations of Feed Efficiency Traits with Growth and Carcass Traits in Nellore Cattle Selected for Postweaning Weight. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161366. [PMID: 27537268 PMCID: PMC4990259 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated phenotypic (rph) and genetic correlations (rg) between 8 feed efficiency traits and other traits of economic interest including weight at selection (WS), loin-eye area (LEA), backfat thickness (BF), and rump fat thickness (RF) in Nellore cattle. Feed efficiency traits were gain:feed, residual feed intake (RFI), residual feed intake adjusted for backfat thickness (RFIb) and for backfat and rump fat thickness (RFIsf), residual body weight gain (RG), residual intake and body weight gain (RIG), and residual intake and body weight gain using RFIb (RIGb) and RFIsf (RIGsf). The variance components were estimated by the restricted maximum likelihood method using a two-trait animal model. The heritability estimates (h2) were 0.14, 0.24, 0.20, 0.22, 0.19, 0.15, 0.11 and 0.11 for gain:feed, RFI, RFIb, RFIsf, RG, RIG, RIGb and RIGsf, respectively. All rph values between traits were close to zero, except for the correlation of feed efficiency traits with dry matter intake and average daily gain. High rg values were observed for the correlation of dry matter intake, average daily gain and metabolic weight with WS and hip height (>0.61) and low to medium values (0.15 to 0.48) with the carcass traits (LEA, BF, RF). Among the feed efficiency traits, RG showed the highest rg with WS and hip height (0.34 and 0.25) and the lowest rg with subcutaneous fat thickness (-0.17 to 0.18). The rg values of RFI, RFIb and RFIsf with WS (0.17, 0.23 and 0.22), BF (0.37, 0.33 and 0.33) and RF (0.30, 0.31 and 0.32) were unfavorable. The rg values of gain:feed, RIG, RIGb and RIGsf with WS were low and favorable (0.07 to 0.22), while medium and unfavorable (-0.22 to -0.45) correlations were observed with fat thickness. The inclusion of subcutaneous fat thickness in the models used to calculate RFI did not reduce the rg between these traits. Selecting animals for higher feed efficiency will result in little or no genetic change in growth and will decrease subcutaneous fat thickness in the carcass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Matos Ceacero
- Centro APTA Bovinos de Corte, Instituto de Zootecnia, Sertãozinho, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
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4553
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de Assis JM, Santos MO, de Assis FM. Auditory Stimuli Coding by Postsynaptic Potential and Local Field Potential Features. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160089. [PMID: 27513950 PMCID: PMC4981406 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The relation between physical stimuli and neurophysiological responses, such as action potentials (spikes) and Local Field Potentials (LFP), has recently been experimented in order to explain how neurons encode auditory information. However, none of these experiments presented analyses with postsynaptic potentials (PSPs). In the present study, we have estimated information values between auditory stimuli and amplitudes/latencies of PSPs and LFPs in anesthetized rats in vivo. To obtain these values, a new method of information estimation was used. This method produced more accurate estimates than those obtained by using the traditional binning method; a fact that was corroborated by simulated data. The traditional binning method could not certainly impart such accuracy even when adjusted by quadratic extrapolation. We found that the information obtained from LFP amplitude variation was significantly greater than the information obtained from PSP amplitude variation. This confirms the fact that LFP reflects the action of many PSPs. Results have shown that the auditory cortex codes more information of stimuli frequency with slow oscillations in groups of neurons than it does with slow oscillations in neurons separately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana M. de Assis
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Mikaelle O. Santos
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
| | - Francisco M. de Assis
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Federal University of Campina Grande, Campina Grande, Paraíba, Brazil
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4554
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Trevisan M, De Bortoli SA, Vacari AM, Laurentis VL, Ramalho DG. Quality of the Exotic Parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Does Not Show Deleterious Effects after Inbreeding for 10 Generations. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160898. [PMID: 27509087 PMCID: PMC4979891 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the parasitoid Cotesia flavipes (Cameron) has proven effective in controlling sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis (Fabricius) for many years, concern has arisen over the quality of individuals produced at large scales. The parasitoid has been reared in laboratories in Brazil for more than 40 years, with no new introductions of new populations during that period. Since the quality of the parasitoids was not verified at the time of the species' introduction in Brazil, we do not know if there has been any reduction in quality so far. However, it is possible to determine whether the parasitoid could reduce in quality in future generations. Thus, the objective of this research was to assess the quality of these insects over 10 generations and look for evidence of any loss in quality. We used two populations: one from a biofactory that has been maintained in the laboratory for over 40 years, and an inbred laboratory population. Both were bred, and compared for 10 generations. We wanted to determine what happened to the quality of the parasitoid after 10 generations in an extreme inbreeding situation. To assure inbreeding, newly emerged females were forced to mate with a sibling. Individual females were then allowed to parasitize larvae of D. saccharalis. We performed evaluations for each generation until the tenth generation, and recorded the sex ratio, percentage emergence, number of offspring/females, and longevity of both males and females. Results of the measurements of biological characteristics demonstrated random significant differences between populations; best results were obtained intermittently for both the biofactory population and the inbred population. No significant differences across generations for the same population were observed. Thus, rearing of a C. flavipes population subjected to inbreeding for 10 generations was not sufficient to reveal any deleterious effects of inbreeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maíra Trevisan
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University—FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sergio A. De Bortoli
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University—FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandra M. Vacari
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University—FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Valéria L. Laurentis
- Laboratory of Biology and Insect Rearing (LBIR), Department of Plant Protection, São Paulo State University—FCAV/UNESP, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Dagmara G. Ramalho
- Department of Biology, São Paulo University–USP, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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4555
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Ferraz dos Santos L, Santana Silva RJ, Oliveira Jordão do Amaral D, Barbosa de Paula MF, Ludke Falcão L, Legavre T, Alves RM, Marcellino LH, Micheli F. Selection of Reference Genes for Expression Study in Pulp and Seeds of Theobroma grandiflorum (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0160646. [PMID: 27501324 PMCID: PMC4976894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 07/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cupuassu (Theobroma grandiflorum [Willd. ex Spreng.] Schum) is a species of high economic importance in Brazil with great potential at international level due to the multiple uses of both its seeds and pulp in the industry of sweets and cosmetics. For this reason, the cupuassu breeding program focused on the selection of genotypes with high pulp and seed quality—selection associated with the understanding of the mechanisms involved in fruit formation. Gene expression is one of the most used approaches related to such understanding. In this sense, quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) is a powerful tool, since it rapidly and reliably quantifies gene expression levels across different experimental conditions. The analysis by qPCR and the correct interpretation of data depend on signal normalization using reference genes, i.e. genes presenting a uniform pattern of expression in the analyzed samples. Here, we selected and analyzed the expression of five genes from cupuassu (ACP, ACT, GAPDH, MDH, TUB) to be used as candidates for reference genes on pulp and seed of young, maturing and mature cupuassu fruits. The evaluation of the gene expression stability was obtained using the NormFinder, geNorm and BestKeeper programs. In general, our results indicated that the GAPDH and MDH genes constituted the best combination as reference genes to analyze the expression of cupuassu samples. To our knowledge, this is the first report of reference gene definition in cupuassu, and these results will support subsequent analysis related to gene expression studies in cupuassu plants subjected to different biotic or abiotic conditions as well as serve as a tool for diversity analysis based on pulp and seed quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Ferraz dos Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
| | - Raner José Santana Silva
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
| | - Daniel Oliveira Jordão do Amaral
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
| | - Márcia Fabiana Barbosa de Paula
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
| | - Loeni Ludke Falcão
- Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília-DF, 70770-917, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Fabienne Micheli
- Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz (UESC), Departamento de Ciências Biológicas (DCB), Centro de Biotecnologia e Genética (CBG), Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, km 16, 45662-900 Ilhéus-BA, Brazil
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- * E-mail:
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4556
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Irano N, de Camargo GMF, Costa RB, Terakado APN, Magalhães AFB, Silva RMDO, Dias MM, Bignardi AB, Baldi F, Carvalheiro R, de Oliveira HN, de Albuquerque LG. Genome-Wide Association Study for Indicator Traits of Sexual Precocity in Nellore Cattle. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159502. [PMID: 27494397 PMCID: PMC4975395 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to perform a genome-wide association study (GWAS) to detect chromosome regions associated with indicator traits of sexual precocity in Nellore cattle. Data from Nellore animals belonging to farms which participate in the DeltaGen® and Paint® animal breeding programs, were used. The traits used in this study were the occurrence of early pregnancy (EP) and scrotal circumference (SC). Data from 72,675 females and 83,911 males with phenotypes were used; of these, 1,770 females and 1,680 males were genotyped. The SNP effects were estimated with a single-step procedure (WssGBLUP) and the observed phenotypes were used as dependent variables. All animals with available genotypes and phenotypes, in addition to those with only phenotypic information, were used. A single-trait animal model was applied to predict breeding values and the solutions of SNP effects were obtained from these breeding values. The results of GWAS are reported as the proportion of variance explained by windows with 150 adjacent SNPs. The 10 windows that explained the highest proportion of variance were identified. The results of this study indicate the polygenic nature of EP and SC, demonstrating that the indicator traits of sexual precocity studied here are probably controlled by many genes, including some of moderate effect. The 10 windows with large effects obtained for EP are located on chromosomes 5, 6, 7, 14, 18, 21 and 27, and together explained 7.91% of the total genetic variance. For SC, these windows are located on chromosomes 4, 8, 11, 13, 14, 19, 22 and 23, explaining 6.78% of total variance. GWAS permitted to identify chromosome regions associated with EP and SC. The identification of these regions contributes to a better understanding and evaluation of these traits, and permits to indicate candidate genes for future investigation of causal mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Irano
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Raphael Bermal Costa
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ana Paula Nascimento Terakado
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Ana Fabrícia Braga Magalhães
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Rafael Medeiros de Oliveira Silva
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Marina Mortati Dias
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Annaiza Braga Bignardi
- Grupo de Melhoramento Animal de Mato Grosso, Instituto de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso, Brasil
| | - Fernando Baldi
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Roberto Carvalheiro
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Henrique Nunes de Oliveira
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lucia Galvão de Albuquerque
- Departamento de Zootecnia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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4557
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Gomide HP, Bernardino HS, Richter K, Martins LF, Ronzani TM. Development of an open-source web-based intervention for Brazilian smokers - Viva sem Tabaco. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak 2016; 16:103. [PMID: 27485018 PMCID: PMC4970282 DOI: 10.1186/s12911-016-0339-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Web-based interventions for smoking cessation available in Portuguese do not adhere to evidence-based treatment guidelines. Besides, all existing web-based interventions are built on proprietary platforms that developing countries often cannot afford. We aimed to describe the development of "Viva sem Tabaco", an open-source web-based intervention. RESULTS The development of the intervention included the selection of content from evidence-based guidelines for smoking cessation, the design of the first layout, conduction of 2 focus groups to identify potential features, refinement of the layout based on focus groups and correction of content based on feedback provided by specialists on smoking cessation. At the end, we released the source-code and intervention on the Internet and translated it into Spanish and English. CONCLUSIONS The intervention developed fills gaps in the information available in Portuguese and the lack of open-source interventions for smoking cessation. The open-source licensing format and its translation system may help researchers from different countries deploying evidence-based interventions for smoking cessation.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. P. Gomide
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | - K. Richter
- The University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS USA
| | - L. F. Martins
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - T. M. Ronzani
- Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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4558
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Clemente TM, Cortez C, Novaes ADS, Yoshida N. Surface Molecules Released by Trypanosoma cruzi Metacyclic Forms Downregulate Host Cell Invasion. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004883. [PMID: 27483135 PMCID: PMC4970754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The question whether metacylic trypomastigote (MT) forms of different T. cruzi strains differentially release surface molecules, and how they affect host cell invasion, remains to be fully clarified. We addressed that question using T. cruzi strains that differ widely in the ability to invade cells. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Metacyclic forms were incubated at 37°C for 1 h in complete D10 medium or in nutrient-deprived PBS containing Ca2+ and Mg2+ (PBS++). The conditioned medium (CM), collected after parasite centrifugation, was used for cell invasion assays and Western blot analysis, using monoclonal antibodies directed to gp82 and gp90, the MT surface molecules that promote and negatively regulate invasion, respectively. CM of poorly invasive G strain (G-CM) contained high amounts of gp90 and gp82, either in vesicles or as soluble molecules. CM of highly invasive CL strain (CL-CM) contained gp90 and gp82 at very low levels. HeLa cells were incubated for 1 h with CL strain MT in D10, in absence or in the presence of G-CM or CL-CM. Parasite invasion was significantly inhibited by G-CM, but not by CL-CM. As G strain MT invasion rate in D10 is very low, assays with this strain were performed in PBS++, which induces invasion-promoting lysosome-spreading. G-CM, but not CL-CM, significantly inhibited G strain internalization, effect that was counteracted by preincubating G-CM with an anti-gp90 monoclonal antibody or anti-gp82 polyclonal antibody that do not recognize live MT. G strain CM generated in PBS++ contained much lower amounts of gp90 and gp82 as compared to CM produced in D10, and exhibited lower inhibitory effect on host cell invasion. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggest that the surface molecules spontaneously released by MT impair parasite-host cell interaction, gp82 presumably competing with the molecule expressed on MT surface for the host cell receptor, and gp90 further contributing to down modulate invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana Mordente Clemente
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Cristian Cortez
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Nobuko Yoshida
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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4559
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Souza Pardo MH, Centurion AM, Franco Eustáquio PS, Carlucci Santana RH, Bruschi SM, Santana MJ. Evaluating the Influence of the Client Behavior in Cloud Computing. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158291. [PMID: 27441559 PMCID: PMC4956168 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper proposes a novel approach for the implementation of simulation scenarios, providing a client entity for cloud computing systems. The client entity allows the creation of scenarios in which the client behavior has an influence on the simulation, making the results more realistic. The proposed client entity is based on several characteristics that affect the performance of a cloud computing system, including different modes of submission and their behavior when the waiting time between requests (think time) is considered. The proposed characterization of the client enables the sending of either individual requests or group of Web services to scenarios where the workload takes the form of bursts. The client entity is included in the CloudSim, a framework for modelling and simulation of cloud computing. Experimental results show the influence of the client behavior on the performance of the services executed in a cloud computing system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Sarita Mazzini Bruschi
- Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
| | - Marcos José Santana
- Institute of Mathematical and Computer Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Carlos, Brazil
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4560
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Tamazato Longhi M, Magalhães M, Reina J, Morais Freitas V, Cella N. EGFR Signaling Regulates Maspin/SerpinB5 Phosphorylation and Nuclear Localization in Mammary Epithelial Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159856. [PMID: 27447178 PMCID: PMC4957797 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maspin (SerpinB5) is a non-inhibitory serpin (serine protease inhibitor) with very diverse biological activities including regulation of cell adhesion, migration, death, control of gene expression and oxidative stress response. Initially described as a tumor and metastasis suppressor, clinical data brought controversies to the field, as some studies reported no correlation between SerpinB5 expression and prognosis value. These data underscore the importance of understanding SerpinB5 function in a normal physiological context and the molecular mechanism involved. Several SerpinB5 phosphoforms have been detected in different cell lines, but the signaling pathways involved and the biological significance of this post-translational modification in vivo remains to be explored. In this study we investigated SerpinB5 expression, subcellular localization and phosphorylation in different stages of the mouse mammary gland development and the signaling pathway involved. Here we show that SerpinB5 is first detected in late pregnancy, reaches its highest levels in lactation and remains at constant levels during post-lactational regression (involution). Using high resolution isoelectric focusing followed but immunoblot, we found at least 8 different phosphoforms of SerpinB5 during lactation, which decreases steadily at the onset of involution. In order to investigate the signaling pathway involved in SerpinB5 phosphorylation, we took advantage of the non-transformed MCF-10A model system, as we have previously observed SerpinB5 phosphorylation in these cells. We detected basal levels of SerpinB5 phosphorylation in serum- and growth factor-starved cells, which is due to amphiregulin autocrine activity on MCF-10A cells. EGF and TGF alpha, two other EGFR ligands, promote important SerpinB5 phosphorylation. Interestingly, EGF treatment is followed by SerpinB5 nuclear accumulation. Altogether, these data indicate that SerpinB5 expression and phosphorylation are developmentally regulated. In vitro analyses indicate that SerpinB5 phosphorylation is regulated by EGFR ligands, but EGF appears to be the only able to induce SerpinB5 nuclear localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Tamazato Longhi
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Magna Magalhães
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Jeffrey Reina
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Morais Freitas
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Nathalie Cella
- Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4561
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Martins MTB, de Souza WR, da Cunha BADB, Basso MF, de Oliveira NG, Vinecky F, Martins PK, de Oliveira PA, Arenque-Musa BC, de Souza AP, Buckeridge MS, Kobayashi AK, Quirino BF, Molinari HBC. Characterization of sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) leaf senescence: implications for biofuel production. Biotechnol Biofuels 2016; 9:153. [PMID: 27453728 PMCID: PMC4957918 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0568-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Second-generation ethanol (2G-bioethanol) uses lignocellulosic feedstocks for ethanol production. Sugarcane is one among the most suitable crops for biofuel production. Its juice is extracted for sugar production, while sugarcane bagasse, straw, and senescing leaves are considered industrial waste. Senescence is the age-dependent deterioration of plant cells, ultimately leading to cell death and completion of the plant life cycle. Because senescing leaves may also be used for biofuel production, understanding the process of natural senescence, including remobilization of nutrients and its effect on cell walls can provide useful information for 2G-bioethanol production from sugarcane leaves. RESULTS The natural senescence process in leaves of the commercial sugarcane cultivar RB867515 was investigated. Senescence was characterized by strong reduction in photosynthetic pigments content, remobilization of the nutrients N, P, K, B, Cu, Fe, and Zn, and accumulation of Ca, S, Mg, B, Mn, and Al. No significant changes in the cell-wall composition occurred, and only small changes in the expression of cell wall-related genes were observed, suggesting that cell walls are preserved during senescence. Senescence-marker genes, such as SAG12-like and XET-like genes, were also identified in sugarcane and found to be highly expressed. CONCLUSIONS Our study on nutrient remobilization under senescence in a vigorous sugarcane cultivar can contribute to the understanding on how nutrient balance in a high-yielding crop is achieved. In general, neutral monosaccharide profile did not change significantly with leaf senescence, suggesting that senescing leaves of sugarcane can be as a feedstock for biofuel production using pretreatments established for non-senescing leaves without additional efforts. Based on our findings, the potential biotechnological applications for the improvement of sugarcane cultivars are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Thereza Bazzo Martins
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
- />Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70790‑160 Brazil
| | - Wagner Rodrigo de Souza
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | | | - Marcos Fernando Basso
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | | | - Felipe Vinecky
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | - Polyana Kelly Martins
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | | | - Bruna Cersózimo Arenque-Musa
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology (LAFIECO), Department of Botany-Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Amanda Pereira de Souza
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology (LAFIECO), Department of Botany-Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Marcos Silveira Buckeridge
- />Laboratory of Plant Physiological Ecology (LAFIECO), Department of Botany-Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-090 Brazil
| | - Adilson Kenji Kobayashi
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
| | - Betania Ferraz Quirino
- />Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Embrapa Agroenergy (CNPAE), Brasília, DF 70770-901 Brazil
- />Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Program, Universidade Catolica de Brasilia, Brasília, DF 70790‑160 Brazil
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4562
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Brown NA, Ries LNA, Reis TF, Rajendran R, Corrêa dos Santos RA, Ramage G, Riaño-Pachón DM, Goldman GH. RNAseq reveals hydrophobins that are involved in the adaptation of Aspergillus nidulans to lignocellulose. Biotechnol Biofuels 2016; 9:145. [PMID: 27437031 PMCID: PMC4950808 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane is one of the world's most profitable crops. Waste steam-exploded sugarcane bagasse (SEB) is a cheap, abundant, and renewable lignocellulosic feedstock for the next-generation biofuels. In nature, fungi seldom exist as planktonic cells, similar to those found in the nutrient-rich environment created within an industrial fermenter. Instead, fungi predominantly form biofilms that allow them to thrive in hostile environments. RESULTS In turn, we adopted an RNA-sequencing approach to interrogate how the model fungus, Aspergillus nidulans, adapts to SEB, revealing the induction of carbon starvation responses and the lignocellulolytic machinery, in addition to morphological adaptations. Genetic analyses showed the importance of hydrophobins for growth on SEB. The major hydrophobin, RodA, was retained within the fungal biofilm on SEB fibres. The StuA transcription factor that regulates fungal morphology was up-regulated during growth on SEB and controlled hydrophobin gene induction. The absence of the RodA or DewC hydrophobins reduced biofilm formation. The loss of a RodA or a functional StuA reduced the retention of the hydrolytic enzymes within the vicinity of the fungus. Hence, hydrophobins promote biofilm formation on SEB, and may enhance lignocellulose utilisation via promoting a compact substrate-enzyme-fungus structure. CONCLUSION This novel study highlights the importance of hydrophobins to the formation of biofilms and the efficient deconstruction of lignocellulose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Andrew Brown
- />Plant Biology and Crop Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire UK
| | - Laure N. A. Ries
- />Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaila F. Reis
- />Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ranjith Rajendran
- />Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Renato Augusto Corrêa dos Santos
- />Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Gordon Ramage
- />Infection and Immunity Research Group, Glasgow Dental School, School of Medicine, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Diego Mauricio Riaño-Pachón
- />Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Caixa Postal 6192, Campinas, SP CEP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - Gustavo H. Goldman
- />Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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4563
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Costa WJEM. Inferring Evolution of Habitat Usage and Body Size in Endangered, Seasonal Cynopoeciline Killifishes from the South American Atlantic Forest through an Integrative Approach (Cyprinodontiformes: Rivulidae). PLoS One 2016; 11:e0159315. [PMID: 27428070 PMCID: PMC4948875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cynopoecilines comprise a diversified clade of small killifishes occurring in the Atlantic Forest, one of the most endangered biodiversity hotspots in the world. They are found in temporary pools of savannah-like and dense forest habitats, and most of them are highly threatened with extinction if not already extinct. The greatest gap in our knowledge of cynopoecilines stems from the absence of an integrative approach incorporating molecular phylogenetic data of species still found in their habitats with phylogenetic data taken from the rare and possibly extinct species without accessible molecular information. An integrative analysis combining 115 morphological characters with a multigene dataset of 2,108 bp comprising three nuclear loci (GLYT1, ENC1, Rho), provided a robust phylogeny of cynopoeciline killifishes, which was herein used to attain an accurate phylogenetic placement of nearly extinct species. The analysis indicates that the most recent common ancestor of the Cynopoecilini lived in open vegetation habitats of the Atlantic Forest of eastern Brazil and was a miniature species, reaching between 25 and 28 mm of standard length. The rare cases of cynopoecilines specialized in inhabiting pools within dense forests are interpreted as derived from four independent evolutionary events. Shifts in habitat usage and biogeographic patterns are tentatively associated to Cenozoic paleogeographic events, but the evolutionary history of cynopoecilines may be partially lost by a combination of poor past sampling and recent habitat decline. A sharp evolutionary shift directed to increased body size in a clade encompassing the genera Campellolebias and Cynopoecilus may be related to a parallel acquisition of an internally-fertilizing reproductive strategy, unique among aplocheiloid killifishes. This study reinforces the importance of adding morphological information to molecular databases as a tool to understand the biological complexity of organisms under intense pressure from loss of habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson J. E. M. Costa
- Laboratory of Systematics and Evolution of Teleost Fishes, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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4564
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G. T. Pereira A, Utsunomiya YT, Milanesi M, Torrecilha RBP, Carmo AS, Neves HHR, Carvalheiro R, Ajmone-Marsan P, Sonstegard TS, Sölkner J, Contreras-Castillo CJ, Garcia JF. Pleiotropic Genes Affecting Carcass Traits in Bos indicus (Nellore) Cattle Are Modulators of Growth. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158165. [PMID: 27410030 PMCID: PMC4943724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Two complementary methods, namely Multi-Trait Meta-Analysis and Versatile Gene-Based Test for Genome-wide Association Studies (VEGAS), were used to identify putative pleiotropic genes affecting carcass traits in Bos indicus (Nellore) cattle. The genotypic data comprised over 777,000 single-nucleotide polymorphism markers scored in 995 bulls, and the phenotypic data included deregressed breeding values (dEBV) for weight measurements at birth, weaning and yearling, as well visual scores taken at weaning and yearling for carcass finishing precocity, conformation and muscling. Both analyses pointed to the pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 (PLAG1) as a major pleiotropic gene. VEGAS analysis revealed 224 additional candidates. From these, 57 participated, together with PLAG1, in a network involved in the modulation of the function and expression of IGF1 (insulin like growth factor 1), IGF2 (insulin like growth factor 2), GH1 (growth hormone 1), IGF1R (insulin like growth factor 1 receptor) and GHR (growth hormone receptor), suggesting that those pleiotropic genes operate as satellite regulators of the growth pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anirene G. T. Pereira
- Departamento de Agroindústria, Alimentos e Nutrição, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, USP, Piracicaba, Brazil
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yuri T. Utsunomiya
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Milanesi
- Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rafaela B. P. Torrecilha
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana S. Carmo
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Roberto Carvalheiro
- Departamento de Zootecnia, UNESP—Univ. Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Johann Sölkner
- BOKU—University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Sustainable Agricultural Systems, Division of Livestock Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carmen J. Contreras-Castillo
- Departamento de Agroindústria, Alimentos e Nutrição, Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz”, USP, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - José F. Garcia
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Reprodução Animal, UNESP–Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Apoio, Produção e Saúde Animal, UNESP—Univ Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária de Araçatuba, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Collaborating Centre on Animal Genomics and Bioinformatics, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4565
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Reis PAB, Carpinetti PA, Freitas PP, Santos EG, Camargos LF, Oliveira IH, Silva JCF, Carvalho HH, Dal-Bianco M, Soares-Ramos JR, Fontes EPB. Functional and regulatory conservation of the soybean ER stress-induced DCD/NRP-mediated cell death signaling in plants. BMC Plant Biol 2016; 16:156. [PMID: 27405371 PMCID: PMC4943007 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-016-0843-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The developmental and cell death domain (DCD)-containing asparagine-rich proteins (NRPs) were first identified in soybean (Glycine max) as transducers of a cell death signal derived from prolonged endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, osmotic stress, drought or developmentally-programmed leaf senescence via the GmNAC81/GmNAC30/GmVPE signaling module. In spite of the relevance of the DCD/NRP-mediated signaling as a versatile adaptive response to multiple stresses, mechanistic knowledge of the pathway is lacking and the extent to which this pathway may operate in the plant kingdom has not been investigated. RESULTS Here, we demonstrated that the DCD/NRP-mediated signaling also propagates a stress-induced cell death signal in other plant species with features of a programmed cell death (PCD) response. In silico analysis revealed that several plant genomes harbor conserved sequences of the pathway components, which share functional analogy with their soybean counterparts. We showed that GmNRPs, GmNAC81and VPE orthologs from Arabidopsis, designated as AtNRP-1, AtNRP-2, ANAC036 and gVPE, respectively, induced cell death when transiently expressed in N. benthamiana leaves. In addition, loss of AtNRP1 and AtNRP2 function attenuated ER stress-induced cell death in Arabidopsis, which was in marked contrast with the enhanced cell death phenotype displayed by overexpressing lines as compared to Col-0. Furthermore, atnrp-1 knockout mutants displayed enhanced sensitivity to PEG-induced osmotic stress, a phenotype that could be complemented with ectopic expression of either GmNRP-A or GmNRP-B. In addition, AtNRPs, ANAC036 and gVPE were induced by osmotic and ER stress to an extent that was modulated by the ER-resident molecular chaperone binding protein (BiP) similarly as in soybean. Finally, as putative downstream components of the NRP-mediated cell death signaling, the stress induction of AtNRP2, ANAC036 and gVPE was dependent on the AtNRP1 function. BiP overexpression also conferred tolerance to water stress in Arabidopsis, most likely due to modulation of the drought-induced NRP-mediated cell death response. CONCLUSION Our results indicated that the NRP-mediated cell death signaling operates in the plant kingdom with conserved regulatory mechanisms and hence may be target for engineering stress tolerance and adaptation in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro A. B. Reis
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Paola A. Carpinetti
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Paula P.J. Freitas
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Eulálio G.D. Santos
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Luiz F. Camargos
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Igor H.T. Oliveira
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - José Cleydson F. Silva
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Humberto H. Carvalho
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Maximiller Dal-Bianco
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Juliana R.L. Soares-Ramos
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
| | - Elizabeth P. B. Fontes
- />Departamento de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
- />National Institute of Science and Technology in Plant-Pest Interactions, Bioagro, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG Brazil
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4566
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Rebelo F, Franco-Sena AB, Struchiner CJ, Kac G. Changes in Maternal Plasma Adiponectin from Late Pregnancy to the Postpartum Period According to the Mode of Delivery: Results from a Prospective Cohort in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158886. [PMID: 27391647 PMCID: PMC4938429 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Maternal plasma adiponectin is inversely related to insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and child health. However, little is known about its concentrations in the perinatal period, especially according to mode of delivery. Our aim is to evaluate the association between mode of delivery and changes in maternal plasma adiponectin from 3rd trimester of pregnancy to 30-45 days postpartum. METHODS A cohort was recruited in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with four waves of follow-up: 5-13th, 22-26th, 30-36th gestational weeks and 30-45 days postpartum. Eligible subjects should be between 20-40 years of age, be free of chronic and infectious diseases and presenting with a singleton pregnancy. The mode of delivery was classified as vaginal (VD) or cesarean (CS). Plasma adiponectin concentration (μg/mL) was measured using commercial ELISA kits. Statistical analyses included the Wilcoxon rank-sum test and the multiple linear mixed effects model. RESULTS A total of 159 participated in the study. Median adiponectin concentrations were higher for the VD group (n = 99; 8.25, IQR: 5.85-11.90) than for the CS group (n = 60; 7.34, IQR: 4.36-9.76; p = 0.040) in the postpartum samples but were not different between the two groups in the 3rd trimester. Women who underwent CS had a lower rate of increase in adiponectin concentration from the 3rd trimester to 30-45 days postpartum compared to those who underwent VD (β = -.15, 95% CI: -.28-.02, p = 0.030). CONCLUSION The CS procedure was associated with lower maternal circulating concentrations of adiponectin at 30-45 days postpartum, compared to the VD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Rebelo
- National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ana Beatriz Franco-Sena
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Gilberto Kac
- Nutritional Epidemiology Observatory, Department of Social and Applied Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition Josué de Castro, Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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4567
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Garcia PV, Seiva FRF, Carniato AP, de Mello Júnior W, Duran N, Macedo AM, de Oliveira AG, Romih R, Nunes IDS, Nunes ODS, Fávaro WJ. Increased toll-like receptors and p53 levels regulate apoptosis and angiogenesis in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: mechanism of action of P-MAPA biological response modifier. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:422. [PMID: 27389279 PMCID: PMC4937612 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new modalities for treating patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for whom BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) has failed or is contraindicated are recently increasing due to the development of new drugs. Although agents like mitomycin C and BCG are routinely used, there is a need for more potent and/or less-toxic agents. In this scenario, a new perspective is represented by P-MAPA (Protein Aggregate Magnesium-Ammonium Phospholinoleate-Palmitoleate Anhydride), developed by Farmabrasilis (non-profit research network). This study detailed and characterized the mechanisms of action of P-MAPA based on activation of mediators of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 signaling pathways and p53 in regulating angiogenesis and apoptosis in an animal model of NMIBC, as well as, compared these mechanisms with BCG treatment. RESULTS Our results demonstrated the activation of the immune system by BCG (MyD88-dependent pathway) resulted in increased inflammatory cytokines. However, P-MAPA intravesical immunotherapy led to distinct activation of TLRs 2 and 4-mediated innate immune system, resulting in increased interferons signaling pathway (TRIF-dependent pathway), which was more effective in the NMIBC treatment. Interferon signaling pathway activation induced by P-MAPA led to increase of iNOS protein levels, resulting in apoptosis and histopathological recovery. Additionally, P-MAPA immunotherapy increased wild-type p53 protein levels. The increased wild-type p53 protein levels were fundamental to NO-induced apoptosis and the up-regulation of BAX. Furthermore, interferon signaling pathway induction and increased p53 protein levels by P-MAPA led to important antitumor effects, not only suppressing abnormal cell proliferation, but also by preventing continuous expansion of tumor mass through suppression of angiogenesis, which was characterized by decreased VEGF and increased endostatin protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Thus, P-MAPA immunotherapy could be considered an important therapeutic strategy for NMIBC, as well as, opens a new perspective for treatment of patients that are refractory or resistant to BCG intravesical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vianna Garcia
- />Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 6109, zip code 13083-865 Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Pocol Carniato
- />Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 6109, zip code 13083-865 Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Wilson de Mello Júnior
- />Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Nelson Duran
- />Farmabrasilis R&D Division, Campinas, SP Brazil
- />NanoBioss, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Gabarra de Oliveira
- />Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
- />Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP Brazil
| | - Rok Romih
- />Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Wagner José Fávaro
- />Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 6109, zip code 13083-865 Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
- />Farmabrasilis R&D Division, Campinas, SP Brazil
- />NanoBioss, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
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4568
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de Andrade FAG, Gomes MN, Uieda W, Begot AL, Ramos ODS, Fernandes MEB. Geographical Analysis for Detecting High-Risk Areas for Bovine/Human Rabies Transmitted by the Common Hematophagous Bat in the Amazon Region, Brazil. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157332. [PMID: 27388498 PMCID: PMC4936729 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The common hematophagous bat, Desmodus rotundus, is one of the main wild reservoirs of rabies virus in several regions in Latin America. New production practices and changed land use have provided environmental features that have been very favorable for D. rotundus bat populations, making this species the main transmitter of rabies in the cycle that involves humans and herbivores. In the Amazon region, these features include a mosaic of environmental, social, and economic components, which together creates areas with different levels of risk for human and bovine infections, as presented in this work in the eastern Brazilian Amazon. Methodology We geo-referenced a total of 175 cases of rabies, of which 88% occurred in bovines and 12% in humans, respectively, and related these cases to a number of different geographical and biological variables. The spatial distribution was analyzed using the Kernel function, while the association with independent variables was assessed using a multi-criterion Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) technique. Findings The spatiotemporal analysis of the occurrence of rabies in bovines and humans found reduction in the number of cases in the eastern state of Pará, where no more cases were recorded in humans, whereas high infection rates were recorded in bovines in the northeastern part of the state, and low rates in the southeast. The areas of highest risk for bovine rabies are found in the proximity of rivers and highways. In the case of human rabies, the highest concentration of high-risk areas was found where the highway network coincides with high densities of rural and indigenous populations. Conclusion The high-risk areas for human and bovine rabies are patchily distributed, and related to extensive deforested areas, large herds of cattle, and the presence of highways. These findings provide an important database for the generation of epidemiological models that could support the development of effective prevention measures and controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murilo N. Gomes
- Escritório de Defesa Agropecuária de São Paulo, Coordenadoria de Defesa Agropecuária, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wilson Uieda
- Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho”, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alberto L. Begot
- Departamento de Endemias, Secretaria Executiva de Saúde Pública do Estado do Pará, Pará, Brazil
| | - Ofir de S. Ramos
- Laboratório de Virologia, Laboratório Nacional Agropecuário do Pará, Pará, Brazil
| | - Marcus E. B. Fernandes
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Manguezal, Universidade Federal do Pará, Campus de Bragança, Pará, Brazil
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4569
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Lima RN, De Oliveira AS, Leastro MO, Blawid R, Nagata T, Resende RO, Melo FL. The complete genome of the tospovirus Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus. Virol J 2016; 13:123. [PMID: 27388209 PMCID: PMC4936248 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-016-0577-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zucchini lethal chlorosis virus (ZLCV) causes significant losses in the production of cucurbits in Brazil. This virus belongs to the genus Tospovirus (family Bunyaviridae) and seems to be exclusively transmitted by Frankliniella zucchini (Thysanoptera). Tospoviruses have a tripartite and single-stranded RNA genome classified as S (Small), M (Medium) and L (Large) RNAS. Although ZLCV was identified as a member of the genus Tospovirus in 1999, its complete genome had not been sequenced until now. FINDINGS We sequenced the full-length genome of two ZLCV isolates named ZLCV-SP and ZLCV-DF. The phylogenetic analysis showed that ZLCV-SP and ZLCV-DF clustered with the previously reported isolate ZLCV-BR09. Their proteins were closely related, except the non-structural protein (NSm), which was highly divergent (approximately 90 % identity). All viral proteins clustered similarly in our phylogenetic analysis, excluding that these ZLCV isolates have originated from reassortment events of different tospovirus species. CONCLUSION Here we report for the first time the complete genome of two ZLCV isolates that were found in the field infecting zucchini and cucumber.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Lima
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - A S De Oliveira
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - M O Leastro
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - R Blawid
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - T Nagata
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - R O Resende
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil
| | - F L Melo
- Laboratory of Virology, Department of Cell Biology, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
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4570
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Oliveira MP, Correa Soares JBR, Oliveira MF. Sexual Preferences in Nutrient Utilization Regulate Oxygen Consumption and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation in Schistosoma mansoni: Potential Implications for Parasite Redox Biology. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158429. [PMID: 27380021 PMCID: PMC4933344 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosoma mansoni, one of the causative agents of human schistosomiasis, has a unique antioxidant network that is key to parasite survival and a valuable chemotherapeutic target. The ability to detoxify and tolerate reactive oxygen species increases along S. mansoni development in the vertebrate host, suggesting that adult parasites are more exposed to redox challenges than young stages. Indeed, adult parasites are exposed to multiple redox insults generated from blood digestion, activated immune cells, and, potentially, from their own parasitic aerobic metabolism. However, it remains unknown how reactive oxygen species are produced by S. mansoni metabolism, as well as their biological effects on adult worms. Here, we assessed the contribution of nutrients and parasite gender to oxygen utilization pathways, and reactive oxygen species generation in whole unpaired adult S. mansoni worms. We also determined the susceptibilities of both parasite sexes to a pro-oxidant challenge. We observed that glutamine and serum importantly contribute to both respiratory and non-respiratory oxygen utilization in adult worms, but with different proportions among parasite sexes. Analyses of oxygen utilization pathways revealed that respiratory rates were high in male worms, which contrast with high non-respiratory rates in females, regardless nutritional sources. Interestingly, mitochondrial complex I-III activity was higher than complex IV specifically in females. We also observed sexual preferences in substrate utilization to sustain hydrogen peroxide production towards glucose in females, and glutamine in male worms. Despite strikingly high oxidant levels and hydrogen peroxide production rates, female worms were more resistant to a pro-oxidant challenge than male parasites. The data presented here indicate that sexual preferences in nutrient metabolism in adult S. mansoni worms regulate oxygen utilization and reactive oxygen species production, which may differently contribute to redox biology among parasite sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus P. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana B. R. Correa Soares
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcus F. Oliveira
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Resposta ao Estresse, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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4571
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Costa TM, Hebets EA, Melo D, Willemart RH. Costly learning: preference for familiar food persists despite negative impact on survival. Biol Lett 2016; 12:20160256. [PMID: 27405381 PMCID: PMC4971168 DOI: 10.1098/rsbl.2016.0256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Animals often rely on events in their environment that provide information (i.e. experience) to alter their future decision-making in ways that are presumed to be beneficial. Such experience-based learning, however, does not always lead to adaptive decision-making. In this study, we use the omnivorous harvestman Heteromitobates discolor to explore the role of past diet on subsequent food choice and survival. We first tested whether a short-term homogeneous diet (rotten crickets, fresh crickets or dog food) influenced subsequent food choice (rotten cricket versus fresh cricket). We next examine the impact of diet on survival. We found that following experience with a homogeneous cricket diet, adult harvestmen displayed a learned preference for familiar food, regardless of whether it was rotten or fresh crickets; individuals experiencing dog food were equally likely to choose rotten versus fresh crickets. We additionally found that individuals that ate rotten crickets suffered shorter survival than those that ate fresh crickets. Together, our results suggest that the diet an individual experiences can lead to maladaptive food preferences-preferences that ultimately result in reduced longevity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiany M Costa
- Laboratório de Ecologia Sensorial e Comportamento de Artrópodes, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Eileen A Hebets
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Diogo Melo
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Genética e Evolução, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo H Willemart
- Laboratório de Ecologia Sensorial e Comportamento de Artrópodes, Escola de Artes, Ciências e Humanidades, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Programa de Pós Graduação em Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil
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4572
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Carvalho PS, Almeida LR, Araújo Neto JH, Medina ACQD, Menezes ACS, Sousa JEF, Oliveira SS, Camargo AJ, Napolitano HB. Structural and Theoretical Investigation of Anhydrous 3,4,5-Triacetoxybenzoic Acid. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158029. [PMID: 27355378 PMCID: PMC4927074 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive investigation of anhydrous form of 3,4,5-Triacetoxybenzoic acid (TABA) is reported. Single crystal X-ray diffraction, Thermal analysis, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and DFT calculations were applied for TABA characterization. This anhydrous phase crystallizes in the triclinic P1¯ space group (Z' = 1) and its packing shows a supramolecular motif in a classical R22(4) ring formed by acid-acid groups association. The phase stability is accounted in terms of supramolecular architecture and its thermal behaviour. Conformation search at B3LYP/6-311++G(2d,p) level of theory shows the existence of three stable conformers and the most stable conformation was found experimentally. The reactivity of TABA was investigated using the molecular orbital theory and molecular electrostatic potential. The calculation results were used to simulate the infrared spectrum. There is a good agreement between calculated and experimental IR spectrum, which allowed the assignment of the normal vibrational modes
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo S. Carvalho
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560–970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Leonardo R. Almeida
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560–970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - João H. Araújo Neto
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, 13565–905, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Antonio C. S. Menezes
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - José E. F. Sousa
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Solemar S. Oliveira
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Ademir J. Camargo
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
| | - Hamilton B. Napolitano
- Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, 75132–400, Anápolis, GO, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4573
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Munhoz AC, Riva P, Simões D, Curi R, Carpinelli AR. Control of Insulin Secretion by Production of Reactive Oxygen Species: Study Performed in Pancreatic Islets from Fed and 48-Hour Fasted Wistar Rats. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158166. [PMID: 27362938 PMCID: PMC4928816 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria and NADPH oxidase are important sources of reactive oxygen species in particular the superoxide radical (ROS) in pancreatic islets. These molecules derived from molecular oxygen are involved in pancreatic β-cells signaling and control of insulin secretion. We examined the involvement of ROS produced through NADPH oxidase in the leucine- and/or glucose-induced insulin secretion by pancreatic islets from fed or 48-hour fasted rats. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in isolated islets was evaluated at low (2.8 mM) or high (16.7 mM) glucose concentrations in the presence or absence of leucine (20 mM) and/or NADPH oxidase inhibitors (VAS2870–20 μM or diphenylene iodonium—DPI—5 μM). ROS production was determined in islets treated with dihydroethidium (DHE) or MitoSOX Red reagent for 20 min and dispersed for fluorescence measurement by flow cytometry. NADPH content variation was examined in INS-1E cells (an insulin secreting cell line) after incubation in the presence of glucose (2.8 or 16.7 mM) and leucine (20 mM). At 2.8 mM glucose, VAS2870 and DPI reduced net ROS production (by 30%) and increased GSIS (by 70%) in a negative correlation manner (r = -0.93). At 16.7 mM glucose or 20 mM leucine, both NADPH oxidase inhibitors did not alter insulin secretion neither net ROS production. Pentose phosphate pathway inhibition by treatment with DHEA (75 μM) at low glucose led to an increase in net ROS production in pancreatic islets from fed rats (by 40%) and induced a marked increase (by 144%) in islets from 48-hour fasted rats. The NADPH/NADP+ ratio was increased when INS-1E cells were exposed to high glucose (by 4.3-fold) or leucine (by 3-fold). In conclusion, increased ROS production through NADPH oxidase prevents the occurrence of hypoglycemia in fasting conditions, however, in the presence of high glucose or high leucine levels, the increased production of NADPH and the consequent enhancement of the activity of the antioxidant defenses mitigate the excess of ROS production and allow the secretory process of insulin to take place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cláudia Munhoz
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Patrícia Riva
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniel Simões
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Curi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angelo Rafael Carpinelli
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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4574
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Campos-Junior PHA, Alves TJM, Dias MT, Assunçao CM, Munk M, Mattos MS, Kraemer LR, Almeida BG, Russo RC, Barcelos L, Camargo LSA, Viana JHM. Ovarian Grafts 10 Days after Xenotransplantation: Folliculogenesis and Recovery of Viable Oocytes. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158109. [PMID: 27362486 PMCID: PMC4928796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian xenotransplantation is a promising alternative to preserve fertility of oncologic patients. However, several functional aspects of this procedure remained to be addressed. The aim of this study was evaluate the feasibility of xenotransplantation as a strategy to maintain bovine ovarian grafts and produce oocytes. Adult ovarian cortical pieces were xenotransplanted to the dorsal subcutaneous of female NOD-SCID mice (n = 62). Grafts were recovered ten days after xenotransplantation. Host and graft weights; folliculogenesis progression; blood perfusion, relative gene expression and number of macrophage and neutrophil of xenografts; in vitro developmental competence of graft-derived oocytes were evaluated. Folliculogenesis was supported in the grafts, as indicated by the presence of primordial, primary, secondary, antral, and atretic follicles. The xenografts showed a greater volumetric density of atretic follicles and higher hyperemia and number of host-derived macrophage and neutrophil (P<0.05), when compared to non-grafted fragments. There was a higher blood perfusion under the back skin in the transplantation sites of host animals than in control and non-grafted (P<0.01). BAX and PRDX1 genes were up-regulated, while BCL2, FSHR, IGF1R and IGF2R were down-regulated, when compared to the control (P<0.01). Twenty seven oocytes were successfully harvested from grafts, and some of these oocytes were able to give rise to blastocysts after in vitro fertilization. However, cleavage and blastocyst rates of xenograft derived oocytes were lower than in control (P<0.01). Despite showing some functional modifications, the ovarian xenografts were able to support folliculogenesis and produce functional oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Henrique Almeida Campos-Junior
- Fertility Preservation Research Group, Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Sao Joao Del Rei, Sao Joao Del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36301–160
- * E-mail:
| | - Thalys Jair Melo Alves
- Fertility Preservation Research Group, Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Sao Joao Del Rei, Sao Joao Del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36301–160
| | - Marco Tulio Dias
- Fertility Preservation Research Group, Department of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Sao Joao Del Rei, Sao Joao Del Rei, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36301–160
| | - Carolina Marinho Assunçao
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36036–900
| | - Michele Munk
- Laboratory of Genetics and Biotechnology, Department of Biology, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 36036–900
| | - Matheus Silvério Mattos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 31270–901
| | - Lucas Rocha Kraemer
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 31270–901
| | - Brígida Gomes Almeida
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 31270–901
| | - Remo Castro Russo
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 31270–901
| | - Lucíola Barcelos
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 31270–901
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4575
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Ikeda MLR, Barcellos NT, Alencastro PR, Wolff FH, Moreira LB, Gus M, Brandão ABM, Fuchs FD, Fuchs SC. Alcohol Drinking Pattern: A Comparison between HIV-Infected Patients and Individuals from the General Population. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0158535. [PMID: 27362541 PMCID: PMC4928875 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0158535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alcohol consumption is highly prevalent in the general population and among HIV-infected population. This study aimed to compare the pattern of alcohol consumption and to describe characteristics associated with heavy alcohol consumption in individuals from the general population with patients infected with HIV. Methods Participants for this analysis came from a population-based cross-sectional study and from a consecutive sampling of patients infected with HIV. Participants aged 18 years or older were interviewed using similar questionnaires with questions pertaining to socio-demographic characteristics, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, and HIV-related characteristics, among others. Blood pressure and anthropometric measures were measured using standardized procedures. Results Weekly alcohol consumption was more prevalent among individuals from the general population than HIV-infected patients: 57.0 vs. 31.1%, P<0.001. The prevalence of heavy episodic drinking was higher in the population sample as well: 46.1 vs. 17.0%, P<0.001. In the general population, heavy alcohol consumption was more prevalent in men. Cigarette smoking was independently associated with heavy alcohol consumption among HIV infected (Prevalence Ratio; PR = 5.9; 95%CI 2.6–13.9; P<0,001) and general population (PR = 2.6; 95%CI 1.9–3.0; P<0.001). Years at school were inversely associated with heavy alcohol consumption among HIV-infected patients and directly associated among participants from the general population, even after controlling for sex, age, skin color, and smoking. Conclusions Heavy alcohol consumption is more prevalent in the general population than among HIV-infected patients. Individuals aware about their disease may reduce the amount of alcoholic beverages consumption comparatively to healthy individuals from the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Leticia R. Ikeda
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 2°. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Hospital Sanatório Partenon, State Department of Health, Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 3722, Porto Alegre, RS 90650–001, Brazil
| | - Nemora T. Barcellos
- Hospital Sanatório Partenon, State Department of Health, Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 3722, Porto Alegre, RS 90650–001, Brazil
| | - Paulo R. Alencastro
- Hospital Sanatório Partenon, State Department of Health, Rio Grande do Sul. Av. Bento Gonçalves, 3722, Porto Alegre, RS 90650–001, Brazil
| | - Fernando H. Wolff
- Postgraduate Program in Sciences in Gastroenterology and Hepatology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, Porto Alegre, RS 90035–003, Brazil
| | - Leila B. Moreira
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 2°. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Miguel Gus
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 2°. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ajacio B. M. Brandão
- Postgraduate Program in Medicine-Hepatology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Flavio D. Fuchs
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 2°. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- Cardiolody Division, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre. Centro de Pesquisa Clínica, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2350, Porto Alegre, RS 90035–003, Brazil
| | - Sandra C. Fuchs
- Postgraduate Studies Program in Cardiology, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, R. Ramiro Barcelos 2600, 2°. andar, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4576
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Araújo TM, Seabra AD, Lima EM, Assumpção PP, Montenegro RC, Demachki S, Burbano RM, Khayat AS. Recurrent amplification of RTEL1 and ABCA13 and its synergistic effect associated with clinicopathological data of gastric adenocarcinoma. Mol Cytogenet 2016; 9:52. [PMID: 27366209 PMCID: PMC4928298 DOI: 10.1186/s13039-016-0260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite progression in treatment of gastric cancer, prognosis of patients remains poor, in part due to the low rate of diagnosis during its early stages. This paradigm implies the necessity to identify molecular biomarkers for early gastric cancer diagnosis, as well as for disease monitoring, thus contributing to the development of new therapeutic approaches. In a previous study, performed by array-Comparative Genomic Hybridization, we described for the first time in literature recurrent amplification of RTEL1 and ABCA13 genes in gastric cancer. Thus, the aim of the present study was to validate recurrent amplification of RTEL1 and ABCA13 genes and associate CNV status with clinicopathological data. FINDINGS Results showed RTEL1 and ABCA13 amplification in 38 % of samples. Statistical analysis demonstrated that RTEL amplification is more common in older patients and more associated with intestinal type and ABCA13 amplification increases the risk of lymph node metastasis and is more common in men. Co-amplification of these genes showed a significant association with advanced staging. CONCLUSIONS aCGH is a very useful tool for investigating novel genes associated with carcinogenesis and RTEL1 amplification may be important for the development of gastric cancer in older patients, besides being a probable event contributing for chromosomal instability in intestinal gastric carcinogenesis. ABCA13 amplification may have age-specific function and could be considered a useful marker for predicting lymph node metastasis in resected gastric cancer patients in early stage. Lastly, RTEL1 and ABCA13 synergistic effect may be considered as a putative marker for advanced staging in gastric cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. M. Araújo
- />Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110 Pará Brazil
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
| | - A. D. Seabra
- />Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110 Pará Brazil
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
| | - E. M. Lima
- />Molecular Biology Department, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, 58051-900 Paraíba Brazil
| | - P. P. Assumpção
- />Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110 Pará Brazil
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
| | - R. C. Montenegro
- />Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110 Pará Brazil
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
| | - S. Demachki
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
| | - R. M. Burbano
- />Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110 Pará Brazil
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
| | - A. S. Khayat
- />Human Cytogenetics Laboratory, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66075-110 Pará Brazil
- />Oncology Research Center, Federal University of Pará, Belém, 66073-000 Pará Brazil
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4577
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Cáceres NC, de Moraes Weber M, Melo GL, Meloro C, Sponchiado J, Carvalho RDS, Bubadué JDM. Which Factors Determine Spatial Segregation in the South American Opossums (Didelphis aurita and D. albiventris)? An Ecological Niche Modelling and Geometric Morphometrics Approach. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157723. [PMID: 27336371 PMCID: PMC4919065 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Didelphis albiventris and D. aurita are Neotropical marsupials that share a unique evolutionary history and both are largely distributed throughout South America, being primarily allopatric throughout their ranges. In the Araucaria moist forest of Southern Brazil these species are sympatric and they might potentially compete having similar ecology. For this reason, they are ideal biological models to address questions about ecological character displacement and how closely related species might share their geographic space. Little is known about how two morphologically similar species of marsupials may affect each other through competition, if by competitive exclusion and competitive release. We combined ecological niche modeling and geometric morphometrics to explore the possible effects of competition on their distributional ranges and skull morphology. Ecological niche modeling was used to predict their potential distribution and this method enabled us to identify a case of biotic exclusion where the habit generalist D. albiventris is excluded by the presence of the specialist D. aurita. The morphometric analyses show that a degree of shape discrimination occurs between the species, strengthened by allometric differences, which possibly allowed them to occupy marginally different feeding niches supplemented by behavioral shift in contact areas. Overlap in skull morphology is shown between sympatric and allopatric specimens and a significant, but weak, shift in shape occurs only in D. aurita in sympatric areas. This could be a residual evidence of a higher past competition between both species, when contact zones were possibly larger than today. Therefore, the specialist D. aurita acts a biotic barrier to D. albiventris when niche diversity is not available for coexistence. On the other hand, when there is niche diversification (e.g. habitat mosaic), both species are capable to coexist with a minimal competitive effect on the morphology of D. aurita.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilton Carlos Cáceres
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- * E-mail: (NCC); (JMB)
| | - Marcelo de Moraes Weber
- Laboratório de Ecologia Teórica e Síntese, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Geruza Leal Melo
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, CCBS, Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Carlo Meloro
- Research Centre in Evolutionary Anthropology and Palaeoecology, School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, England
| | - Jonas Sponchiado
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Renan dos Santos Carvalho
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Jamile de Moura Bubadué
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Biogeografia, Departamento de Ecologia e Evolução, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, CCNE, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- * E-mail: (NCC); (JMB)
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4578
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de Lacerda JRM, da Silva TF, Vollú RE, Marques JM, Seldin L. Generally recognized as safe (GRAS) Lactococcus lactis strains associated with Lippia sidoides Cham. are able to solubilize/mineralize phosphate. Springerplus 2016; 5:828. [PMID: 27386277 PMCID: PMC4917509 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-2596-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Eight strains isolated from the stems of Lippia sidoides were identified as belonging to Lactococcus lactis, a bacterial species considered as "generally recognized as safe". Their capacity to solubilize/mineralize phosphate was tested in vitro with different inorganic and organic phosphorus (P) sources. All strains were able to solubilize calcium phosphate as an inorganic P source, and the best result was observed with strain 003.41 which solubilized 31 % of this P source. Rock phosphate, a mined rock containing high amounts of phosphate bearing minerals, was solubilized by five strains. When calcium phytate was the organic P source used, the majority of the strains tested showed phosphate mineralization activity. Moreover, all strains were able to solubilize/mineralize phosphate from poultry litter, a complex P source containing inorganic and predominantly organic P. The presence of genes coding for phytase and alkaline phosphatase was searched within the strains studied. However, only gene sequences related to alkaline phosphatase (phoA and phoD) could be detected in the majority of the strains (excepting strain 006.29) with identities varying from 67 to 88 %. These results demonstrate for the first time the potential of L. lactis strains for phosphate solubilization/mineralization activity using a broad spectrum of P sources; therefore, they are of great importance for the future development of more safe bioinoculants with possible beneficial effects for agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thais Freitas da Silva
- />Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-590 Brazil
| | - Renata Estebanez Vollú
- />Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-590 Brazil
| | - Joana Montezano Marques
- />Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-590 Brazil
- />Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA CEP 66075-900 Brazil
| | - Lucy Seldin
- />Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941-590 Brazil
- />Laboratório de Genética Microbiana, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Departamento de Microbiologia Geral, Instituto de Microbiologia Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Bloco I, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ CEP 21941.590 Brazil
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4579
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Camara DCP, Codeço CT, Juliano SA, Lounibos LP, Riback TIS, Pereira GR, Honorio NA. Seasonal Differences in Density But Similar Competitive Impact of Aedes albopictus (Skuse) on Aedes aegypti (L.) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157120. [PMID: 27322537 PMCID: PMC4913923 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the negative effects of density of Ae. albopictus on Ae. aegypti exceed those of Ae. aegypti on Ae. albopictus for population growth, adult size, survivorship, and developmental rate. This competitive superiority has been invoked to explain the displacement of Ae. aegypti by Ae. albopictus in the southeastern USA. In Brazil, these species coexist in many vegetated suburban and rural areas. We investigated a related, but less-well-studied question: do effects of Ae. albopictus on Ae. aegypti larval development and survival occur under field conditions at realistic densities across multiple seasons in Brazil? We conducted additive competition experiments in a vegetated area of Rio de Janeiro where these species coexist. We tested the hypothesis that Ae. aegypti (the focal species, at a fixed density) suffers negative effects on development and survivorship across a gradient of increasing densities of Ae. albopictus (the associate species) in three seasons. The results showed statistically significant effects of both season and larval density on Ae. aegypti survivorship, and significant effects of season on development rate, with no significant season-density interactions. Densities of Aedes larvae in these habitats differed among seasons by a factor of up to 7x. Overall, Spring was the most favorable season for Ae. aegypti survivorship and development. Results showed that under natural conditions the negative competitive effects of Ae. albopictus on Ae. aegypti were expressed primarily as lower survivorship. Coexistence between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in vegetated areas is likely affected by seasonal environmental differences, such as detrital resource levels or egg desiccation, which can influence competition between these species. Interactions between these Aedes are important in Brazil, where both species are well established and widely distributed and vector dengue, Zika and chikungunya viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cardoso Portela Camara
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários – LATHEMA, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores – NOSMOVE, DIRAC – IOC – VPAAPS, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Steven A. Juliano
- School of Biological Sciences, Behavior, Ecology, Evolution and Systematics Section, Illinois State University, Normal Illinois, United States of America
| | - L. Philip Lounibos
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Glaucio Rocha Pereira
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores – NOSMOVE, DIRAC – IOC – VPAAPS, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Nildimar Alves Honorio
- Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários – LATHEMA, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores – NOSMOVE, DIRAC – IOC – VPAAPS, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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4580
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Lenzi EK, Novatski A, Farago PV, Almeida MA, Zawadzki SF, Menechini Neto R. Diffusion Processes and Drug Release: Capsaicinoids - Loaded Poly (ε-caprolactone) Microparticles. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157662. [PMID: 27309358 PMCID: PMC4911155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a generalmodel based on fractional diffusion equation coupled with a kinetic equation through the boundary condition. It covers several scenarios that may be characterized by usual or anomalous diffusion or present relaxation processes on the surface with non-Debye characteristics. A particular case of this model is used to investigate the experimental data obtained from the drug release of the capsaicinoids-loaded Poly (ε-caprolactone) microparticles. These considerations lead us to a good agreement with experimental data and to the conjecture that the burst effect, i.e., an initial large bolus of drug is released before the release rate reaches a stable profile, may be related to an anomalous diffusion manifested by the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. K. Lenzi
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, 84030–900, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - A. Novatski
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, 84030–900, Brazil
| | - P. V. Farago
- Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa,Ponta Grossa, 84030–900, Brazil
| | - M. A. Almeida
- Departamento Química, Universidade Federal de Curitiba, Curitiba, 81531–980, Brazil
| | - S. F. Zawadzki
- Departamento Química, Universidade Federal de Curitiba, Curitiba, 81531–980, Brazil
| | - R. Menechini Neto
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa, Ponta Grossa, 84030–900, Brazil
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4581
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Pinaya WHD, Lobon-Cervia FJ, Pita P, Buss de Souza R, Freire J, Isaac VJ. Multispecies Fisheries in the Lower Amazon River and Its Relationship with the Regional and Global Climate Variability. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157050. [PMID: 27314951 PMCID: PMC4912141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper aims to describe the spatial-temporal variability in catch of the main fishery resources of the Amazon River and floodplain lakes of the Lower Amazon, as well as relating the Catch per Unit of Effort with anomalies of some of the Amazon River, atmosphere and Atlantic Ocean system variables, determining the influence of the environment on the Amazonian fishery resources. Finfish landings data from the towns and villages of the Lower Amazon for the fisheries of three sites (Óbidos, Santarém and Monte Alegre), were obtained for the period between January 1993 and December 2004. Analysis of variance, detrended correspondence analysis, redundancy analysis and multiple regression techniques were used for the statistical analysis of the distinct time series. Fisheries production in the Lower Amazon presents differences between the Amazon River and the floodplain lakes. Production in the Amazon River is approximately half of the one of the floodplain lakes. This variability occurs both along the Lower Amazon River region (longitudinal gradient) and laterally (latitudinal gradient) for every fishing ground studied here. The distinct environmental variables alone or in association act differently on the fishery stocks and the success of catches in each fishery group studied here. Important variables are the flooding events; the soil the sea surface temperatures; the humidity; the wind and the occurence of El Niño-Southern Oscillation events. Fishery productivity presents a large difference in quantity and distribution patterns between the river and floodplain lakes. This variability occurs in the region of the Lower Amazon as well as laterally for each fishery group studied, being dependent on the ecological characteristics and life strategies of each fish group considered here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walter Hugo Diaz Pinaya
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology and Management of Aquatic Resources, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Pablo Pita
- Department of Applied Economics, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Galicia, Spain
| | - Ronald Buss de Souza
- Laboratory of Meteorology and Satellite Oceanography, Southern Regional Center for Space Research, National Institute for Space Research, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juan Freire
- Grupo de Recursos Marinos y Pesquerías, Universidad de A Coruña, A Coruña, Galicia, Spain
| | - Victoria Judith Isaac
- Laboratory of Fisheries Biology and Management of Aquatic Resources, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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4582
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Neves JMM, Lima SMQ, Mendes LF, Torres RA, Pereira RJ, Mott T. Population Structure of the Rockpool Blenny Entomacrodus vomerinus Shows Source-Sink Dynamics among Ecoregions in the Tropical Southwestern Atlantic. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157472. [PMID: 27309356 PMCID: PMC4910989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/30/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The Tropical Southwestern Atlantic is characterized by prominent ecosystems with large-scale oceanographic complexity. Yet, the evolutionary processes underlying genetic differentiation and connectivity in this region remain largely unknown. Entomacrodus vomerinus (Valenciennes, 1836) is a demersal fish with planktonic larvae endemic to this marine province, inhabiting shallow tidal pools in continental and oceanic reef environments. We evaluated the population structure, genetic diversity and gene flow of E. vomerinus using mitochondrial data (CYTB and COI) and nuclear (rhodopsin, RHO) DNA sequences. We sampled a total of 85 individuals, comprising 46 from three oceanic archipelagos with varying distance from the coast (São Pedro and São Paulo-SS, Fernando de Noronha-FE and Rocas Atoll-RA) and 39 from two localities in northeastern Brazilian coast (Rio Grande do Norte-RN and Bahia-BA). Multilocus analysis revealed the presence of three Evolutionarily Significant Units-ESUs (SS, FE+RA, and RN+BA), which are in accordance with distinct marine ecoregions. Coalescent analyses showed that the central ESU has a larger effective population size than the other two, suggesting strong asymmetries in the genetic diversity across the species range. Moreover, they showed that gene flow is highly asymmetric, suggesting a source-sink dynamics from the central ESU into the remaining ones, in agreement with oceanic currents. Together, these results provide insights in the evolutionary mechanisms facilitating diversification in this marine province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessika M. M. Neves
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular, Setor de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
| | - Sergio M. Q. Lima
- Laboratório de Ictiologia Sistemática e Evolutiva, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Liana F. Mendes
- Laboratório do Oceano, Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. Torres
- Laboratório de Genômica Evolutiva e Ambiental, Departamento de Zoologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Ricardo J. Pereira
- Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tamí Mott
- Laboratório de Diversidade Molecular, Setor de Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil
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4583
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Custódio IDD, Marinho EDC, Gontijo CA, Pereira TSS, Paiva CE, Maia YCDP. Impact of Chemotherapy on Diet and Nutritional Status of Women with Breast Cancer: A Prospective Study. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157113. [PMID: 27310615 PMCID: PMC4911080 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain food groups are often rejected during chemotherapy (CT) due to the side effects of treatment, which may interfere with adequate diet and nutritional status. The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment impact on the diet and nutritional status of women with breast cancer (BC). In this prospective longitudinal study, conducted in 2014-2015, 55 women diagnosed with BC, with a mean age 51.5±10.1 years, were followed and data were collected at three different times. Anthropometric and dietary assessments were performed, the latter by applying nine 24h dietary recalls, by using the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised (BHEI-R), and calculating the prevalence of inadequacy by the EAR cut-off point method. Regarding the BHEI-R analysis, the majority of women had a "diet requires modification', both at the beginning (T0, 58.2%, n = 32) and during treatment (T1, 54.5%, n = 30). However, after the end of the CT, the greater percentage of patients (T2, 49.1%, n = 27) were classified as having an "inadequate diet", since the Total Fruit consumption as well as the Dark Green and Orange Vegetable and Legume consumption decreased significantly during treatment (p = 0.043 and p = 0.026, respectively). There was a significant reduction in the intake of macro and micronutrients, with a high prevalence of inadequacy, of up to 100%, for calcium, iron, phosphorus, magnesium, niacin, riboflavin, thiamin, vitamin B6, vitamin C and zinc. Assessment of the nutritional status indicated that 56% (n = 31) of patients were overweight at these three different times. Weight, BMI and Waist Circumference increased significantly, indicating a worse nutritional status, and there was a correlation between poor diet quality and higher values for BMI, Waist-Hip Ratio and Waist-to-Height Ratio. Chemotherapy interferes in the patients' diet generating a negative impact on the quality and intake of micro and macronutrients, as well as an impact on their nutritional status, with an increase in anthropometric measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduarda da Costa Marinho
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristiana Araújo Gontijo
- Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Paiva
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Graduate Program in Oncology, Palliative Care and Quality of Life Research Group (GPQual), Pio XII Foundation—Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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4584
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Arruda WDS, Oldeland J, Paranhos Filho AC, Pott A, Cunha NL, Ishii IH, Damasceno-Junior GA. Inundation and Fire Shape the Structure of Riparian Forests in the Pantanal, Brazil. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156825. [PMID: 27280879 PMCID: PMC4900580 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Inundation and fire can affect the structure of riparian vegetation in wetlands. Our aim was to verify if there are differences in richness, abundance, basal area, composition and topographic preference of woody species in riparian forests related to the fire history, flooding duration, or the interaction between both. The study was conducted in the riparian forests of the Paraguay River some of which were burned three times between 2001 and 2011. We sampled trees with a girth of at least 5 cm at breast height in 150 5 × 10 m plots (79 burned and 71 unburned). We also measured height of the flood mark and estimated the flooding duration of each plot. We performed Generalized Linear Mixed Models to verify differences in richness, basal area, and abundance of individuals associated to interaction of fire and inundation. We used an analysis of similarity (ANOSIM) and indicator species analysis to identify differences in composition of species and the association with burned and unburned area according to different levels of inundation. Finally, we used a hierarchical set of Generalized Linear Models (GLM), the so-called HOF models, to analyse each species’ specific response to inundation based on topography and to determine their preferred optimal topographic position for both burned as well as unburned areas. Richness was positively associated with elevation only in burned areas while abundance was negatively influenced by inundation only in burned areas. Basal area was negatively associated with time of inundation independent of fire history. There were 15 species which were significant indicators for at least one combination of the studied factors. We found nine species in burned areas and 15 in unburned areas, with response curves in HOF models along the inundation gradient. From these, five species shifted their optimal position along the inundation gradient in burned areas. The interaction of fire and inundation did not appear to affect the basal area, but it did affect the richness, number of individuals, success of some species, and seemed to shape the boundary of these forests as shown by the difference in the positioning of these species along the inundation gradient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wellinton de Sá Arruda
- Laboratório de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Jens Oldeland
- Biodiversity, Evolution, and Ecology of Plants (BEE) Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Antonio Conceição Paranhos Filho
- Laboratório de Geoprocessamento para Aplicações Ambientais, Faculdade de Engenharias, Arquitetura e Urbanismo e Geografia, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Arnildo Pott
- Laboratório de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Nicolay L. Cunha
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia e Conservação, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Iria Hiromi Ishii
- Laboratório de Botânica, Campus do Pantanal, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Corumbá, MS, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Alves Damasceno-Junior
- Laboratório de Botânica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
- Biodiversity, Evolution, and Ecology of Plants (BEE) Biocenter Klein Flottbek and Botanical Garden, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
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4585
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Correa BR, de Araujo PR, Qiao M, Burns SC, Chen C, Schlegel R, Agarwal S, Galante PAF, Penalva LOF. Functional genomics analyses of RNA-binding proteins reveal the splicing regulator SNRPB as an oncogenic candidate in glioblastoma. Genome Biol 2016; 17:125. [PMID: 27287018 PMCID: PMC4901439 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-0990-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive type of brain tumor. Currently, GBM has an extremely poor outcome and there is no effective treatment. In this context, genomic and transcriptomic analyses have become important tools to identify new avenues for therapies. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are master regulators of co- and post-transcriptional events; however, their role in GBM remains poorly understood. To further our knowledge of novel regulatory pathways that could contribute to gliomagenesis, we have conducted a systematic study of RBPs in GBM. RESULTS By measuring expression levels of 1542 human RBPs in GBM samples and glioma stem cell samples, we identified 58 consistently upregulated RBPs. Survival analysis revealed that increased expression of 21 RBPs was also associated with a poor prognosis. To assess the functional impact of those RBPs, we modulated their expression in GBM cell lines and performed viability, proliferation, and apoptosis assays. Combined results revealed a prominent oncogenic candidate, SNRPB, which encodes core spliceosome machinery components. To reveal the impact of SNRPB on splicing and gene expression, we performed its knockdown in a GBM cell line followed by RNA sequencing. We found that the affected genes were involved in RNA processing, DNA repair, and chromatin remodeling. Additionally, genes and pathways already associated with gliomagenesis, as well as a set of general cancer genes, also presented with splicing and expression alterations. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new insights into how RBPs, and specifically SNRPB, regulate gene expression and directly impact GBM development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna R Correa
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Mei Qiao
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Suzanne C Burns
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Chen Chen
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Seema Agarwal
- Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Pedro A F Galante
- Centro de Oncologia Molecular, Hospital Sírio-Libanês, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Luiz O F Penalva
- Children's Cancer Research Institute, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, UTHSCSA, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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4586
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Silva Junqueira V, de Azevedo Peixoto L, Galvêas Laviola B, Lopes Bhering L, Mendonça S, Agostini Costa TDS, Antoniassi R. Bayesian Multi-Trait Analysis Reveals a Useful Tool to Increase Oil Concentration and to Decrease Toxicity in Jatropha curcas L. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0157038. [PMID: 27281340 PMCID: PMC4900661 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0157038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The biggest challenge for jatropha breeding is to identify superior genotypes that present high seed yield and seed oil content with reduced toxicity levels. Therefore, the objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters for three important traits (weight of 100 seed, oil seed content, and phorbol ester concentration), and to select superior genotypes to be used as progenitors in jatropha breeding. Additionally, the genotypic values and the genetic parameters estimated under the Bayesian multi-trait approach were used to evaluate different selection indices scenarios of 179 half-sib families. Three different scenarios and economic weights were considered. It was possible to simultaneously reduce toxicity and increase seed oil content and weight of 100 seed by using index selection based on genotypic value estimated by the Bayesian multi-trait approach. Indeed, we identified two families that present these characteristics by evaluating genetic diversity using the Ward clustering method, which suggested nine homogenous clusters. Future researches must integrate the Bayesian multi-trait methods with realized relationship matrix, aiming to build accurate selection indices models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Silva Junqueira
- Animal Science Department, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, zipcode: 36570–000, Brazil
| | | | - Bruno Galvêas Laviola
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica–PqEB s/n, Asa Norte, zipcode: 70770901, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Lopes Bhering
- Biology Department, Federal University Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, zipcode: 36570–000, Brazil
| | - Simone Mendonça
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Embrapa Agroenergia, Parque Estação Biológica–PqEB s/n, Asa Norte, zipcode: 70770901, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Tania da Silveira Agostini Costa
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Parque Estação Biológica, PqEB, W5 Norte, Final PqEB, zipcode: 70770917, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Rosemar Antoniassi
- Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Tecnologia Agroindustrial de Alimentos, Avenida das Americas 29501 Guaratiba, zipcode: 23020470, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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4587
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Malhão TA, Brito ADS, Pinheiro RS, Cabral CDS, de Camargo TMCR, Coeli CM. Sex Differences in Diabetes Mellitus Mortality Trends in Brazil, 1980-2012. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155996. [PMID: 27275600 PMCID: PMC4898826 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims To investigate the hypothesis that the change from the female predominance of diabetes mellitus to a standard of equality or even male preponderance can already be observed in Brazilian mortality statistics. Methods Data on deaths for which diabetes mellitus was listed as the underlying cause were obtained from the Brazilian Mortality Information System for the years 1980 to 2012. The mortality data were also analyzed according to the multiple causes of death approach from 2001 to 2012. The population data came from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The mortality rates were standardized to the world population. We used a log-linear joinpoint regression to evaluate trends in age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR). Results From 1980 to 2012, we found a marked increment in the diabetes ASMR among Brazilian men and a less sharp increase in the rate among women, with the latter period (2003–2012) showing a slight decrease among women, though it was not statistically significant. Conclusions The results of this study suggest that diabetes mellitus in Brazil has changed from a pattern of higher mortality among women compared to men to equality or even male predominance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thainá Alves Malhão
- Institute for Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail: (TAM); (CMC)
| | - Alexandre dos Santos Brito
- Institute for Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rejane Sobrino Pinheiro
- Institute for Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Claudia Medina Coeli
- Institute for Studies in Collective Health, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail: (TAM); (CMC)
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4588
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Sastre E, Caracuel L, Blanco-Rivero J, Callejo M, Xavier FE, Balfagón G. Biphasic Effect of Diabetes on Neuronal Nitric Oxide Release in Rat Mesenteric Arteries. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156793. [PMID: 27272874 PMCID: PMC4896631 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We analysed possible time-dependent changes in nitrergic perivascular innervation function from diabetic rats and mechanisms implicated. MATERIALS AND METHODS In endothelium-denuded mesenteric arteries from control and four- (4W) and eight-week (8W) streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats the vasoconstriction to EFS (electrical field stimulation) was analysed before and after preincubation with L-NAME. Neuronal NO release was analysed in the absence and presence of L-arginine, tetrahydrobiopterine (BH4) and L-arginine plus BH4. Superoxide anion (O2-), peroxynitrite (ONOO-) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured. Expressions of Cu-Zn SOD, nNOS, p-nNOS Ser1417, p-nNOS Ser847, and Arginase (Arg) I and II were analysed. RESULTS EFS response was enhanced at 4W, and to a lesser extent at 8W. L-NAME increased EFS response in control rats and at 8W, but not at 4W. NO release was decreased at 4W and restored at 8W. L-arginine or BH4 increased NO release at 4W, but not 8W. SOD activity and O2- generation were increased at both 4W and 8W. ONOO- decreased at 4W while increased at 8W. Cu-Zn SOD, nNOS and p-NOS Ser1417 expressions remained unmodified at 4W and 8W, whereas p-nNOS Ser847 was increased at 4W. ArgI was overexpressed at 4W, remaining unmodified at 8W. ArgII expression was similar in all groups. CONCLUSIONS Our results show a time-dependent effect of diabetes on neuronal NO release. At 4W, diabetes induced increased O2- generation, nNOS uncoupling and overexpression of ArgI and p-nNOS Ser847, resulting in decreased NO release. At 8W, NO release was restored, involving normalisation of ArgI and p-nNOS Ser847 expressions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Sastre
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación La Paz (IdIPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Caracuel
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación La Paz (IdIPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Blanco-Rivero
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación La Paz (IdIPAZ), Madrid, Spain
| | - María Callejo
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fabiano E. Xavier
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Gloria Balfagón
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación La Paz (IdIPAZ), Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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4589
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Marra LP, Araújo VE, Silva TBC, Diniz LM, Guerra Junior AA, Acurcio FA, Godman B, Álvares J. Clinical Effectiveness and Safety of Analog Glargine in Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Diabetes Ther 2016; 7:241-58. [PMID: 27048292 PMCID: PMC4900976 DOI: 10.1007/s13300-016-0166-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of insulin analogs for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is widespread; however, the therapeutic benefits still require further evaluation given their higher costs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of analog insulin glargine compared to recombinant DNA (rDNA) insulin in patients with T1DM in observational studies, building on previous reviews of randomized controlled trials comparing neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin and insulin glargine. METHODS A systematic review with a meta-analysis was performed. The review included cohort studies and registries available on PubMed, LILACS, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), as well as manual and gray literature searches. The meta-analysis was conducted in Review Manager 5.3 software. The primary outcomes were glycated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac), weight gain, and hypoglycemia. Methodological quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. RESULTS Out of 796 publications, 11 studies were finally included. The meta-analysis favored insulin glargine in HbA1c outcomes (adult patients) and hypoglycemic episodes (P < 0.05), but without reaching glycemic control (Hb1Ac to approximately 7%). The methodological quality of the studies was moderate, noting that 45% of studies were funded by pharmaceutical companies. CONCLUSION Given the high heterogeneity of the studies, the discrete value presented by the estimated effect on effectiveness and safety, potential conflicts of interest of the studies, and the appreciable higher cost of insulin glargine, there is still no support for recommending first-line therapy with analogs. The role of analogs in the treatment of T1DM could be better determined by further observational studies of good methodological quality to assess their long-term effectiveness and safety, as well as their cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lays P. Marra
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Vania E. Araújo
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Thales B. C. Silva
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Leonardo M. Diniz
- School of Medicine, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Augusto A. Guerra Junior
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Francisco A. Acurcio
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Brian Godman
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden
- Liverpool Health Economics Centre, University of Liverpool Management School, Liverpool, UK
| | - Juliana Álvares
- School of Pharmacy, Graduate Program in Medicines and Pharmaceutical Assistance, Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais Brazil
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4590
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Borges JC, Seraphim TV, Dores-Silva PR, Barbosa LRS. A review of multi-domain and flexible molecular chaperones studies by small-angle X-ray scattering. Biophys Rev 2016; 8:107-120. [PMID: 28510050 PMCID: PMC5425780 DOI: 10.1007/s12551-016-0194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intrinsic flexibility is closely related to protein function, and a plethora of important regulatory proteins have been found to be flexible, multi-domain or even intrinsically disordered. On the one hand, understanding such systems depends on how these proteins behave in solution. On the other, small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a technique that fulfills the requirements to study protein structure and dynamics relatively quickly with few experimental limitations. Molecular chaperones from Hsp70 and Hsp90 families are multi-domain proteins containing flexible and/or disordered regions that play central roles in cellular proteostasis. Here, we review the structure and function of these proteins by SAXS. Our general approach includes the use of SAXS data to determine size and shape parameters, as well as protein shape reconstruction and their validation by using accessory biophysical tools. Some remarkable examples are presented that exemplify the potential of the SAXS technique. Protein structure can be determined in solution even at limiting protein concentrations (for example, human mortalin, a mitochondrial Hsp70 chaperone). The protein organization, flexibility and function (for example, the J-protein co-chaperones), oligomeric status, domain organization, and flexibility (for the Hsp90 chaperone and the Hip and Hep1 co-chaperones) may also be determined. Lastly, the shape, structural conservation, and protein dynamics (for the Hsp90 chaperone and both p23 and Aha1 co-chaperones) may be studied by SAXS. We believe this review will enhance the application of the SAXS technique to the study of the molecular chaperones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlio C Borges
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.
| | - Thiago V Seraphim
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo R Dores-Silva
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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4591
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Boari de Lima E, Meira W, de Melo-Minardi RC. Isofunctional Protein Subfamily Detection Using Data Integration and Spectral Clustering. PLoS Comput Biol 2016; 12:e1005001. [PMID: 27348631 PMCID: PMC4922564 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
As increasingly more genomes are sequenced, the vast majority of proteins may only be annotated computationally, given experimental investigation is extremely costly. This highlights the need for computational methods to determine protein functions quickly and reliably. We believe dividing a protein family into subtypes which share specific functions uncommon to the whole family reduces the function annotation problem's complexity. Hence, this work's purpose is to detect isofunctional subfamilies inside a family of unknown function, while identifying differentiating residues. Similarity between protein pairs according to various properties is interpreted as functional similarity evidence. Data are integrated using genetic programming and provided to a spectral clustering algorithm, which creates clusters of similar proteins. The proposed framework was applied to well-known protein families and to a family of unknown function, then compared to ASMC. Results showed our fully automated technique obtained better clusters than ASMC for two families, besides equivalent results for other two, including one whose clusters were manually defined. Clusters produced by our framework showed great correspondence with the known subfamilies, besides being more contrasting than those produced by ASMC. Additionally, for the families whose specificity determining positions are known, such residues were among those our technique considered most important to differentiate a given group. When run with the crotonase and enolase SFLD superfamilies, the results showed great agreement with this gold-standard. Best results consistently involved multiple data types, thus confirming our hypothesis that similarities according to different knowledge domains may be used as functional similarity evidence. Our main contributions are the proposed strategy for selecting and integrating data types, along with the ability to work with noisy and incomplete data; domain knowledge usage for detecting subfamilies in a family with different specificities, thus reducing the complexity of the experimental function characterization problem; and the identification of residues responsible for specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Boari de Lima
- Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wagner Meira
- Department of Computer Science, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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4592
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Oliveira AB, Bakke K. Effects on a Landau-type system for a neutral particle with no permanent electric dipole moment subject to the Kratzer potential in a rotating frame. Proc Math Phys Eng Sci 2016; 472:20150858. [PMID: 27436966 PMCID: PMC4950191 DOI: 10.1098/rspa.2015.0858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The behaviour of a neutral particle (atom, molecule) with an induced electric dipole moment in a region with a uniform effective magnetic field under the influence of the Kratzer potential (Kratzer 1920 Z. Phys.3, 289-307. (doi:10.1007/BF01327754)), and rotating effects is analysed. It is shown that the degeneracy of the Landau-type levels is broken and the angular frequency of the system acquires a new contribution that stems from the rotation effects. Moreover, in the search for bound state solutions, it is shown that the possible values of this angular frequency of the system are determined by the quantum numbers associated with the radial modes and the angular momentum, the angular velocity of the rotating frame and by the parameters associated with the Kratzer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Knut Bakke
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Caixa Postal 5008, 58051-900, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil
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4593
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Filho MAM, Dutra JDL, Rocha GB, Simas AM, Freire RO. Parameters for the RM1 Quantum Chemical Calculation of Complexes of the Trications of Thulium, Ytterbium and Lutetium. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0154500. [PMID: 27223475 PMCID: PMC4880313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0154500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The RM1 quantum chemical model for the calculation of complexes of Tm(III), Yb(III) and Lu(III) is advanced. Subsequently, we tested the models by fully optimizing the geometries of 126 complexes. We then compared the optimized structures with known crystallographic ones from the Cambridge Structural Database. Results indicate that, for thulium complexes, the accuracy in terms of the distances between the lanthanide ion and its directly coordinated atoms is about 2%. Corresponding results for ytterbium and lutetium are both 3%, levels of accuracy useful for the design of lanthanide complexes, targeting their countless applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoel A. M. Filho
- Pople Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
| | - José Diogo L. Dutra
- Pople Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Gerd B. Rocha
- Departamento de Química, CCEN, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brazil
| | - Alfredo M. Simas
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
- * E-mail: (ROF); (AMS)
| | - Ricardo O. Freire
- Pople Computational Chemistry Laboratory, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São Cristóvão, SE, Brazil
- * E-mail: (ROF); (AMS)
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4594
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Cordeiro NM, Freitas RHCN, Fraga CAM, Fernandes PD. Discovery of Novel Orally Active Tetrahydro-Naphthyl-N-Acylhydrazones with In Vivo Anti-TNF-α Effect and Remarkable Anti-Inflammatory Properties. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156271. [PMID: 27227468 PMCID: PMC4881893 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
LASSBio-1524 was designed as inhibitor of the IKK-β (kappa β kinase inhibitor) enzyme, which participates in the activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) canonical pathway, and its three N-acylhydrazone new analogues, LASSBio-1760, LASSBio-1763 and LASSBio-1764 are now being tested on their anti-inflammatory potential. The activity of these compounds was evaluated with the subcutaneous air pouch induced by carrageenan and by subsequent measurement of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the acute inflammation model, the oral pretreatment with doses from 0.3 to 30 mg/kg of N-acylhydrazone derivatives was able to significantly reduce leukocyte migration to the cavity. Pretreatment with LASSBio-1524 and its analogues also decreased NO, TNF-α and ROS biosynthesis an events closely involved with NF-kB pathway. The tetrahydronaphthyl-N-acylhydrazone derivative LASSBio-1764 was the most promising compound from this series, surpassing even LASSBio-1524. Additionally, none of the compounds demonstrated myelotoxicity or cytotoxicity. Cell viability was assayed and these compounds demonstrated to be safe at different concentrations. Western blot analysis demonstrated that LASSBio-1524 and LASSBio-1760 inhibited NF-κB expression in RAW 264.7 cell lineage. Our data indicate that the tested compounds have anti-inflammatory activity, which may be related to inhibition of leukocyte migration, reducing the production of NO, TNF-α and ROS. LASSBio-1524 and LASSBio-1760, in addition to these features, also reduced p65 nuclear expression assessed by western blot in RAW 264.7 murine cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália M. Cordeiro
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain and Inflammation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Graduate Programm in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rosana H. C. N. Freitas
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Laboratory of Evaluation and Synthesis of Bioactive Substances (LASSBio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Chemistry Institute, Graduate Programm in Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Carlos A. M. Fraga
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Graduate Programm in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Laboratory of Evaluation and Synthesis of Bioactive Substances (LASSBio), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Chemistry Institute, Graduate Programm in Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia D. Fernandes
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Laboratory of Pharmacology of Pain and Inflammation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Institute of Biomedical Science, Graduate Programm in Pharmacology and Medicinal Chemistry, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4595
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de Godoy LBM, Luz GP, Palombini LO, e Silva LO, Hoshino W, Guimarães TM, Tufik S, Bittencourt L, Togeiro SM. Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome Patients Have Worse Sleep Quality Compared to Mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156244. [PMID: 27228081 PMCID: PMC4881892 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To compare sleep quality and sustained attention of patients with Upper Airway Resistance Syndrome (UARS), mild Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) and normal individuals. Methods UARS criteria were presence of excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale—ESS—≥ 10) and/or fatigue (Modified Fatigue Impact Scale—MFIS—≥ 38) associated to Apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) ≤ 5 and Respiratory Disturbance Index (RDI) > 5 events/hour of sleep or more than 30% of total sleep time with flow limitation. Mild OSA was considered if the presence of excessive daytime sleepiness (ESS ≥ 10) and/or fatigue (MFIS ≥ 38) associated to AHI ≥ 5 and ≤ 15 events/hour. “Control group” criteria were AHI < 5 events/hour and RDI ≤ 5 events/hour and ESS ≤ 9, without any sleep, clinical, neurological or psychiatric disorder. 115 individuals (34 UARS and 47 mild OSA patients and 34 individuals in “control group”), adjusted for age, gender, body mass index (BMI) and schooling years, performed sleep questionnaires and sustained attention evaluation. Psychomotor Vigilance Task (PVT) was performed five times (each two hours) from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. Results UARS patients had worse sleep quality (Functional Outcomes of Sleep Questionnaire—FOSQ—and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index—PSQI: p < 0.05) and more fatigue than mild OSA patients (p = 0.003) and scored significantly higher in both Beck inventories than “control group” (p < 0.02). UARS patients had more lapses early in the morning (in time 1) compared to the results in the afternoon (time 5) than mild OSA (p = 0.02). Mild OSA patients had more lapses in times 2 than in time 5 compared to “control group” (p = 0.04). Conclusions UARS patients have a worse sleep quality, more fatigue and a worse early morning sustained attention compared to mild OSA. These last had a worse sustained attention than controls.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriela Pontes Luz
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | | | - Wilson Hoshino
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia, São Paulo, Brasil
| | | | - Sergio Tufik
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Lia Bittencourt
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia, São Paulo, Brasil
| | - Sonia Maria Togeiro
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Departamento de Psicobiologia, São Paulo, Brasil
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4596
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Abstract
Direct counts of crocodilians are rarely feasible and it is difficult to meet the assumptions of mark-recapture methods for most species in most habitats. Catch-out experiments are also usually not logistically or morally justifiable because it would be necessary to destroy the habitat in order to be confident that most individuals had been captured. We took advantage of the draining and filling of a large area of flooded forest during the building of the Santo Antônio dam on the Madeira River to obtain accurate estimates of the density and biomass of Paleosuchus palpebrosus. The density, 28.4 non-hatchling individuals per km2, is one of the highest reported for any crocodilian, except for species that are temporarily concentrated in small areas during dry-season drought. The biomass estimate of 63.15 kg*km-2 is higher than that for most or even all mammalian carnivores in tropical forest. P. palpebrosus may be one of the World´s most abundant crocodilians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilca Campos
- Laboratório de Vida Selvagem, Embrapa Pantanal, Corumbá, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - William E. Magnusson
- Coordenação de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
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4597
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Araujo BF, Ferreira ML, de Campos PA, Royer S, Batistão DWDF, Dantas RCC, Gonçalves IR, Faria ALS, de Brito CS, Yokosawa J, Gontijo-Filho PP, Ribas RM. Clinical and Molecular Epidemiology of Multidrug-Resistant P. aeruginosa Carrying aac(6')-Ib-cr, qnrS1 and blaSPM Genes in Brazil. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155914. [PMID: 27219003 PMCID: PMC4878783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2016] [Accepted: 05/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
We described a comprehensive analysis of the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant (MDR) P. aeruginosa. Molecular analysis included typing by Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis, identification of genes of interest through PCR-based assays and sequencing of target genes. Case-control study was conducted to better understand the prognostic of patients and the impact of inappropriate therapy in patients with bacteremia, as well as the risk factors of MDR infections. We observed a high rate of MDR isolates (40.7%), and 51.0% of them was independently associated with inappropriate antibiotic therapy. Bacteremia was detected in 66.9% of patients, and prolonged hospital stay was expressive in those resistant to fluoroquinolone. Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes (PMQR), qnrS1 and aac(6')Ib-cr, were detected in two different nosocomial isolates (5.3%), and the aac(6')-Ib7 variant was detected at a high frequency (87.5%) in those negative to PMQR. The presence of mutations in gyrA and parC genes was observed in 100% and 85% of selected isolates, respectively. Isolates harboring PMQR genes or mutations in gyrA and parC were not closely related, except in those containing SPM (São Paulo metallo-β-lactamase) clone. In addition, there is no study published in Brazil to date reporting the presence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates harboring both qnrS1 and aac(6')Ib-cr genes, with alarming frequency of patients with inappropriate therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Fuga Araujo
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Melina Lorraine Ferreira
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paola Amaral de Campos
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Sabrina Royer
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Deivid William da Fonseca Batistão
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Raquel Cristina Cavalcanti Dantas
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Iara Rossi Gonçalves
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ana Luiza Souza Faria
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Cristiane Silveira de Brito
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Jonny Yokosawa
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Virology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Paulo Pinto Gontijo-Filho
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Rosineide Marques Ribas
- Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas (ICBIM), Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology, Universidade Federal de Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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4598
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Drummond LR, Kunstetter AC, Vaz FF, Campos HO, de Andrade AGP, Coimbra CC, Natali AJ, Wanner SP, Prímola-Gomes TN. Brain Temperature in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats during Physical Exercise in Temperate and Warm Environments. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155919. [PMID: 27214497 PMCID: PMC4877067 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate brain temperature (Tbrain) changes in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) subjected to two different physical exercise protocols in temperate or warm environments. We also investigated whether hypertension affects the kinetics of exercise-induced increases in Tbrain relative to the kinetics of abdominal temperature (Tabd) increases. Male 16-week-old normotensive Wistar rats (NWRs) and SHRs were implanted with an abdominal temperature sensor and a guide cannula in the frontal cortex to enable the insertion of a thermistor to measure Tbrain. Next, the animals were subjected to incremental-speed (initial speed of 10 m/min; speed was increased by 1 m/min every 3 min) or constant-speed (60% of the maximum speed) treadmill running until they were fatigued in a temperate (25°C) or warm (32°C) environment. Tbrain, Tabd and tail skin temperature were measured every min throughout the exercise trials. During incremental and constant exercise at 25°C and 32°C, the SHR group exhibited greater increases in Tbrain and Tabd relative to the NWR group. Irrespective of the environment, the heat loss threshold was attained at higher temperatures (either Tbrain or Tabd) in the SHRs. Moreover, the brain-abdominal temperature differential was lower at 32°C in the SHRs than in the NWRs during treadmill running. Overall, we conclude that SHRs exhibit enhanced brain hyperthermia during exercise and that hypertension influences the kinetics of the Tbrain relative to the Tabd increases, particularly during exercise in a warm environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Rios Drummond
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Ana Cançado Kunstetter
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Filipe Ferreira Vaz
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Helton Oliveira Campos
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | | | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Antônio José Natali
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
| | - Samuel Penna Wanner
- Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Thales Nicolau Prímola-Gomes
- Laboratório de Biologia do Exercício, Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, MG, Brasil
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4599
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de Medeiros RM, Valverde-Villegas JM, Junqueira DM, Gräf T, Lindenau JD, de Mello MG, Vianna P, Almeida SEM, Chies JAB. Rapid and Slow Progressors Show Increased IL-6 and IL-10 Levels in the Pre-AIDS Stage of HIV Infection. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0156163. [PMID: 27214135 PMCID: PMC4877004 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0156163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2015] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytokines are intrinsically related to disease progression in HIV infection. We evaluated the plasma levels of Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in extreme progressors, including slow (SPs) and rapid (RPs) progressors, who were thus classified based on clinical and laboratory follow-up covering a period of time before the initiation of HAART, ranging from 93–136.5 months for SPs and 7.5–16.5 months for RPs. Analyses were also performed based on the different stages of HIV infection (chronic, pre-HAART individuals—subjects sampled before initiating HAART but who initiated therapy from 12 to 24 months—and those receiving HAART). The plasma cytokine levels of 16 HIV-infected rapid progressors and 25 slow progressors were measured using a Human Th1/Th2/Th17 CBA kit. The IL-6 and IL-10 plasma levels differed significantly between the stages of HIV infection. The IL-6 levels were higher in slow progressors pre-HAART than in chronically infected SPs and HIV-seronegative individuals. The IL-10 levels were higher in slow progressors pre-HAART than in slow progressors receiving HAART and HIV-seronegative controls, and in rapid progressors, the IL-10 levels were higher in pre-HAART subjects than in HIV-seronegative controls. The results reflect the changes in the cytokine profile occurring during different clinical stages in HIV+ subjects. Our results suggest an association between increased IL-6 and IL-10 levels and pre-HAART stages independent of the slow or rapid progression status of the subjects. Thus, increased IL-6 and IL-10 levels could indicate a global inflammatory status and could be used as markers of the disease course in HIV-infected individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rúbia M. de Medeiros
- Technological and Scientific Development Center - CDCT, State Foundation in Production and Health Research - FEPPS, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline M. Valverde-Villegas
- Technological and Scientific Development Center - CDCT, State Foundation in Production and Health Research - FEPPS, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Dennis M. Junqueira
- Technological and Scientific Development Center - CDCT, State Foundation in Production and Health Research - FEPPS, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Uniritter Laureate International Universities, Health Science Department, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Tiago Gräf
- Technological and Scientific Development Center - CDCT, State Foundation in Production and Health Research - FEPPS, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biosciences, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Juliana D. Lindenau
- Post Graduation Program in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marineide G. de Mello
- Infectious Disease Service, Nossa Senhora da Conceição Hospital, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Priscila Vianna
- Post Graduation Program in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Sabrina E. M. Almeida
- Technological and Scientific Development Center - CDCT, State Foundation in Production and Health Research - FEPPS, Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post Graduation Program in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jose Artur B. Chies
- Post Graduation Program in Genetic and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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4600
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Valadares F, Gonçalves TA, Gonçalves DSPO, Segato F, Romanel E, Milagres AMF, Squina FM, Ferraz A. Exploring glycoside hydrolases and accessory proteins from wood decay fungi to enhance sugarcane bagasse saccharification. Biotechnol Biofuels 2016; 9:110. [PMID: 27222665 PMCID: PMC4877993 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-016-0525-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) and accessory proteins are key components for efficient and cost-effective enzymatic hydrolysis of polysaccharides in modern, biochemically based biorefineries. Currently, commercialized GHs and accessory proteins are produced by ascomycetes. However, the role of wood decay basidiomycetes proteins in biomass saccharification has not been extensively pursued. Wood decay fungi degrade polysaccharides in highly lignified tissues in natural environments, and are a promising enzyme source for improving enzymatic cocktails that are designed for in vitro lignocellulose conversion. RESULTS GHs and accessory proteins were produced by representative brown- and white-rot fungi, Laetiporus sulphureus and Pleurotus ostreatus, respectively. Concentrated protein extracts were then used to amend commercial enzymatic cocktails for saccharification of alkaline-sulfite pretreated sugarcane bagasse. The main enzymatic activities found in the wood decay fungal protein extracts were attributed to endoglucanases, xylanases and β-glucosidases. Cellobiohydrolase (CBH) activities in the L. sulphureus and P. ostreatus extracts were low and nonexistent, respectively. The initial glucan conversion rates were boosted when the wood decay fungal proteins were used to replace half of the enzymes from the commercial cocktails. L. sulphureus proteins increased the glucan conversion levels, with values above those observed for the full load of commercial enzymes. Wood decay fungal proteins also enhanced the xylan conversion efficiency due to their high xylanase activities. Proteomic studies revealed 104 and 45 different proteins in the P. ostreatus and L. sulphureus extracts, respectively. The enhancement of the saccharification of alkaline-pretreated substrates by the modified enzymatic cocktails was attributed to the following protein families: GH5- and GH45-endoglucanases, GH3-β-glucosidases, and GH10-xylanases. CONCLUSIONS The extracellular proteins produced by wood decay fungi provide useful tools to improve commercial enzyme cocktails that are currently used for the saccharification of alkaline-pretreated lignocellulosic substrates. The relevant proteins encompass multiple glycoside hydrolase families, including the GH5- and GH45-endoglucanases, GH3-β-glucosidases, and GH10-xylanases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Valadares
- />Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP 12602-810 Brazil
| | - Thiago A. Gonçalves
- />Laboratório Nacional de Ciência & Tecnolologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
- />Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia (IB), Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP 13083-862 Brazil
| | - Dayelle S. P. O. Gonçalves
- />Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP 12602-810 Brazil
| | - Fernando Segato
- />Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP 12602-810 Brazil
| | - Elisson Romanel
- />Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP 12602-810 Brazil
| | - Adriane M. F. Milagres
- />Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP 12602-810 Brazil
| | - Fabio M. Squina
- />Laboratório Nacional de Ciência & Tecnolologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, SP 13083-970 Brazil
| | - André Ferraz
- />Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, Lorena, SP 12602-810 Brazil
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